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Gray-scale ultrasound and computed tomography were found to be diagnostically and clinically valuable in the study of 13 of 17 children with neuroblastoma. Use of ultrasound and computed tomography: (a) resulted in diagnoses not possible with conventional techniques, such as plain radiographs and excretory urograms; (b) defined more clearly the normal and pathologic anatomy in a three-dimensional perspective; (c) was an aid in evaluating extra-abdominal manifestations; and (d) permitted follow-up after surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.

A correct diagnosis of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage may be established without surgery when the clinical findings of unexplained jaundice and an abdominal mass are combined with the radiographic findings of a homogeneous, radiolucent, oval or triangular suprarenal mass seen on the total-body-opacification phase of the excretory urogram. The affected kidney will be displaced and will usually show a concave pressure defect on its superior pole. Follow-up radiographs will show first the return of the urogram to normal and in a few weeks calcification at the site of the previous adrenal hemorrhage. Three cases are presented.

We have studied 71 sexually immature growth hormone (GH) deficient patients treated for 1 yr with human growth hormone (hGH). Nineteen patients had growth hormone deficiency secondary to an organic lesion. In 52 there was no demonstrable underlying cause. Patients with organic disease received thyroxine 0.2 mg/M2/24 hr, cortisone acetate 20 mg/M2/24 hr, and 2 units hGH 3 times weekly from either unembalmed or embalmed pituitaries. These 2 groups grew (in cm/yr, mean ± 1 sd) 5.4 ± 2.8 and 7.0 ± 2.8, respectively. Patients with idiopathic disease received hGH from unembalmed pituitaries. One group was given thyroxine, cortisone acetate and hGH 2 units 3 times weekly, a second only hGH 2 units 3 times weekly, and a third only hGH 10 units 3 times weekly. These groups grew 7.3 ± 3.5, 9.3 ± 2.3 and 11.9 ± 2.5 cm/yr, respectively. Embalmed hGH was as effective as unembalmed. The underlying cause of GH deficiency did not influence the degree of response. While the addition of cortisone and thyroxine did...

The simple form of congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia was seen in three girls, aged 21 months to 42 months. These children appear unique because they exhibited very mild virilization of the external genitalia and did not manifest acceleration of bone maturation. Posterior fusion of the labia majora obscured the vaginal orifice, resulting in the appearance of a urogenital sinus formation ("pseudourogenital" sinus). It was found that, until at least 4 years of age, girls untreated for this disorder are usually normal in height. Unless the clinician is aware that normal stature and bone age, and mildly abnormal genitalia, are compatible with congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia, patients with this disorder may not be properly treated.