Author: "Moorthy A" / Topic: medicine.disease - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1,003 results on '"Moorthy A"'

1. Evaluation of patient's experiences with daily DOTS

Author: Akshaya Moorthy, Kranti Garg, Surabhi Jaggi, Deepak Aggarwal, Jagdish Chander, and Mandeep Kaur Sodhi
Subjects: Male, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, business.industry, Fixed-dose combination, Drug resistance, medicine.disease, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, Internal medicine, Pill, Health care, Humans, Educational Status, Medicine, Sputum, Female, Prospective Studies, medicine.symptom, Prospective cohort study, business
Abstract: Past few decades have seen major revisions in the Tuberculosis (TB) control programs time and again with a goal to strengthen the delivery of services and achieve elimination of the disease. Daily Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS) Fixed dose combination (FDC) was one such major leap and aimed to simplify the treatment regimen, reduce pill burden, avoid drug monotherapy, improve compliance, reduce chances of drug resistance, decrease stigma and make the treatment more patient friendly. We intended to study the impact and acceptance of this changed FDC daily DOTS at the grass root level. Clinical and microbiological parameters were also studied alongwith.Prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh from October, 2018 to October, 2020.138 sputum smear positive patients were enrolled at the time of initiation of treatment and studied till end of intensive phase (IP). Baseline socio-demographic and clinical details, any adverse drug reactions (ADR's), their subsequent management and sputum smear conversion at end IP were noted. Various patient and disease related factors were studied in relation to sputum smear conversion and ADR's. At end IP, experiences of the patients with the newly introduced daily regimen were assessed by using a structured questionnaire. The data was tabulated and statistically analyzed.Mean age of the patients was 39.31 ± 1.5 years. Majority were males, literate, married, employed, from urban background and moderately built. During IP, 59 (42.8%) patients experienced ADR's. 31/59 patients needed admission while 28/59 patients were managed on outpatient basis. 31/59 patients improved with symptomatic management, while 28/59 patients required change in anti tubercular drugs for a short period of time. All the patients were shifted back to FDC daily DOTS after a few days. Though 59 patients reported ADR's, only 44/59 patients missed their doses. Rest 15/59 patients continued with the treatment despite mild ADR's and reported for management without missing any dose. Follow-up smear at end IP was negative in 130/138 patients (94.2%). 93.5% patients preferred their family member as the DOTS provider. More than 90% of the patients were satisfied with basic provisions like treatment room privacy, cleanliness, safe drinking water and sign boards at DOTS centre. Satisfaction with the health care worker (HCW) (assessed by enquiring about the behavior of the HCW, explanation given about the disease and treatment, pre-treatment counseling, occurrence of ADR's, consequences of irregular treatment, warning signs for consultation, advise on nutrition requirement and follow-up information) was reported by 97.8% patients. Sputum conversion rates were significantly higher in unemployed (p = 0.043). Non-adherence to treatment was significantly associated with ADR's (p 0.001). Sputum conversion rates and ADR's were unaffected by education, rural/urban background, BMI, co-morbidities, addiction and previous history of anti-tubercular treatment.Daily DOTS achieved appreciable sputum conversion rates at end IP. Non-adherence to treatment and ADR's were managed well with adequate psychosocial support, counseling, timely monitoring and treatment. FDC daily DOTS emerged as a highly acceptable regimen owing to various comprehensive measures adopted at the grass root level.
Published: 2022
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2. Effect of perioperative cognitive behavioural therapy on chronic post-surgical pain among breast cancer patients with high pain catastrophising characteristics: protocol for a double-blinded randomised controlled trial

Author: Damien Lowry, Máire-Bríd Casey, Carla Edgley, Donal J. Buggy, and Aneurin Moorthy
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Post surgical, Medicine (General), Double blinded, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), Breast Neoplasms, Cognitive behavioural therapy, Anxiety, Psychological factors, law.invention, Study Protocol, Breast cancer, R5-920, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Mastectomy, Pain catastrophizing, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Protocol (science), Pain, Postoperative, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, business.industry, Catastrophization, Perioperative, medicine.disease, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Breast cancer surgery, Treatment Outcome, Physical therapy, Female, business, Chronic postsurgical pain
Abstract: Background Surgery is regarded as the primary treatment for breast cancer. Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) is a recognised complication after breast cancer surgery, and it is estimated to affect 20–30% of women. Pain catastrophizing has emerged as one of the most influential psychological variables associated with CPSP. Methods This trial will be a single-centre, prospective, double-blinded, superiority, randomised controlled trial (RCT). Patients scheduled for elective breast cancer surgery (wide local excision or mastectomy with or without axillary lymph node dissection) will be screened preoperatively for high pain catastrophising. Patients with high pain catastrophising, defined as a score of ≥ 24 on the Pain Catastrophising Scale will be deemed eligible for inclusion in the study. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either a cognitive behavioural therapy or an educational mindfulness based programme during their perioperative period. The primary outcome is the Brief Pain Inventory short form average pain severity score at 3 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes include patient-reported quality of recovery at days 1–2 after surgery, levels of pain catastrophising, reported depressed mood and anxiety. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this protocol describes the first RCT which directly examines the effect of perioperative cognitive behavioural therapy on CPSP among breast cancer patients with high pain catastrophising characteristics. The outcomes of this trial may have significant implications for these patients because perioperative cognitive behavioural therapy has the potential to become an important perioperative intervention to complement patient management. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT04924010. Registered on 11 June 2021. All item from the World Health Organisation Trial Registration Data set have been included.
Published: 2022

3. Retinoblastoma seeds : impact on American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical staging

Author: Tomar, A.S., Finger, P.T., Gallie, B., Kivela, T., Mallipatna, A., Zhang, C.Y., Zhao, J.Y., Wilson, M., Brennan, R., Burges, M., Kim, J., Berry, J.L., Jubran, R., Khetan, V., Ganeshan, S., Yarovoy, A., Yarovaya, V., Kotova, E., Volodin, D., Yousef, Y., Nummi, K., Ushakova, T.L., Yugay, O.V., Polyakov, V.G., Ramirez-Ortiz, M.A., Esparza-Aguiar, E., Chantada, G.L., Schaiquevich, P., Fandino, A.C., Yam, J.C., Lau, W.W., Lam, C.P., Sharwood, P., Moorthy, S., Long, Q.B., Essuman, V.A., Renner, L.A., Semenova, E., Catala-Mora, J., Llano, M.C., Carreras, E., Amer Joint Comm Canc Ophthalmic On, HUS Head and Neck Center, Silmäklinikka, and Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Complete data, genetic structures, External beam radiation, Enucleation, Treatment failure, Retina, Vitreous, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Cox proportional hazards regression, Pathology, Medicine, 3125 Otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Neoplasia, business.industry, Retinoblastoma, Hazard ratio, Cancer, medicine.disease, Sensory Systems, eye diseases, Ophthalmology, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Radiology, business
Abstract: AimTo investigate whether the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical category cT2b needs to be subclassified by the type and distribution of retinoblastoma (RB) seeding.MethodsMulticentre, international registry-based data were collected from RB centres enrolled between January 2001 and December 2013. 1054 RB eyes with vitreous or subretinal seeds from 18 ophthalmic oncology centres, in 13 countries within six continents were analysed. Local treatment failure was defined as the use of secondary enucleation or external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsClinical category cT2b included 1054 eyes. Median age at presentation was 16.0 months. Of these, 428 (40.6%) eyes were salvaged, and 430 (40.8%) were treated with primary and 196 (18.6%) with secondary enucleation. Of the 592 eyes that had complete data for globe salvage analysis, the distribution of seeds was focal in 143 (24.2%) and diffuse in 449 (75.8%). The 5-year Kaplan-Meier cumulative globe-salvage (without EBRT) was 78% and 49% for eyes with focal and diffuse RB seeding, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis confirmed a higher local treatment failure risk with diffuse seeds as compared with focal seeds (hazard rate: 2.8; pConclusionThis international, multicentre, registry-based analysis of RB eyes affirmed that eyes with diffuse intraocular distribution of RB seeds at diagnosis had a higher risk of local treatment failure when compared with focal seeds. Subclassification of AJCC RB category cT2b into focal vs diffuse seeds will improve prognostication for eye salvage.
Published: 2023

4. Guide to Enhanced Recovery for Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery: ERAS and Oesophagectomy

Author: Laura J. Halliday and Krishna Moorthy
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Gastrointestinal Oncology, business.industry, General surgery, Cancer, medicine.disease, Esophagectomy, Oncology, Enhanced recovery, Surgical oncology, Neoplasms, medicine, Humans, Surgery, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, business, Enhanced recovery after surgery, Cancer surgery
Abstract: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols are widely used in oesophageal cancer surgery. Multiple studies have demonstrated that ERAS protocols are associated with a shorter length of stay and a reduction in the incidence of post-operative complications after oesophagectomy. However, there is substantial heterogeneity in the content of ERAS protocols and the delivery of these pathways can be challenging. This paper discusses the key recommendations for ERAS protocols in oesophageal cancer surgery and the barriers and facilitating factors for their successful implementation.
Published: 2021
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5. Initial Invasive or Conservative Strategy for Stable Coronary Disease

Author: Maron D. J., Hochman J. S., Reynolds H. R., Bangalore S., O'Brien S. M., Boden W. E., Chaitman B. R., Senior R., Lopez-Sendon J., Alexander K. P., Lopes R. D., Shaw L. J., Berger J. S., Newman J. D., Sidhu M. S., Goodman S. G., Ruzyllo W., Gosselin G., Maggioni A. P., White H. D., Bhargava B., Min J. K., John Mancini G. B., Berman D. S., Picard M. H., Kwong R. Y., Ali Z. A., Mark D. B., Spertus J. A., Krishnan M. N., Elghamaz A., Moorthy N., Hueb W. A., Demkow M., Mavromatis K., Bockeria O., Peteiro J., Miller T. D., Szwed H., Doerr R., Keltai M., Selvanayagam J. B., Gabriel Steg P., Held C., Kohsaka S., Mavromichalis S., Kirby R., Jeffries N. O., Harrell F. E., Rockhold F. W., Broderick S., Bruce Ferguson T., Williams D. O., Harrington R. A., Stone G. W., Rosenberg Y, ISCHEMIA Research Group: Joseph Ricci, A Tello Montoliu, A I Robero Aniorte, Abbey Mulder, Abhay A Laddu, Abhinav Goyal, Abhishek Dubey, Abhishek Goyal, Abigail Knighton, Abraham Oomman, Adam J Jaskowiak, Adam Kolodziej, Adam Witkowski, Adnan Hameed, Adriana Anesini, Afshan Hussain, Agne Juceviciene, Agne Urboniene, Agnes Jakal, Agnieszka Szramowska, Ahmad Khairuddin, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Adel, Ahmed Aljzeeri, Ahmed Kamal, Ahmed Talaat, Aimee Mann, Aira Contreras, Ajit Kumar, V K Kumar, Akemi Furukawa, Akshay Bagai, Akvile Smigelskaite, Alain Furber, Alain Rheault, Alaine Melanie Loehr, Alan Rosen, Albert Varga, Albertina Qelaj, Alberto Barioli, Aldo Russo, Alec Moorman, Alejandro Gisbert, Aleksandra Fratczak, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Alena Kuleshova, Alessandro Sionis, Alexander A Sirker, Alexander M Chernyavskiy, Alexandra Craft, Alexandra Vazquez, Alexandre Ciappina Hueb, Alexandre S Colafranseschi, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Alexandre Tognon, Ali Alghamdi, Alice Manica Muller, Aline Nogueira Rabaça, Aline Peixoto Deiro, Alison Hallam, Allegra Stone, Allison Schley, Almudena Castro, Alvaro Rabelo Ales, Amanda Germann, Amanda O'Malley, Amar Uxa, Amarachi Ojajuni, Amarino C Oliveira Jr, Amber B Hull, Ambuj Roy, Amer Zarka, Amir Janmohamed, Ammani Brown, Ammy Malinay, Amparo Martinez Monzonis, Amy J Richards, Amy Iskandrian, Amy Ollinger, Ana D Djordjevic-Dikic, Ana Fernández Martínez, Ana Gomes Almeida, Ana Paula Batista, Ana Rita Francisco, Ana S Mladenovic, Ana Santana, Anam Siddiqui, Anastasia M Kuzmina-Krutetskaya, Andras Vertes, Andre S Sousa, Andre Gabriel, André Schmidt, Andrea M Lundeen, Andrea Bartykowszki, Andrea Lorimer, Andrea Mortara, Andrea Pascual, Andreia Coelho, Andreia Rocha, Andrés García-Rincón, Andrew G Howarth, Andrew J Moriarty, Andrew Docherty, Andrew Starovoytov, Andrew Zurick, Andrzej Łabyk, Andrzej Swiatkowski, Andy Lam, Anelise Kawakami, Angela Hoye, Angela Kim, Angelique Smit, Angelo Nobre, Anil V Shah, Anja Ljubez, Anjali Anand, Ankush Sachdeva, Ann Greenberg, Ann Luyten, Ann Ostrander, Anna Di Donato, Anna Cichocka-Radwan, Anna Fojt, Anna Plachcinska, Anna Proietti, Anna Teresinska, Anne Marie Webb, Anne Cartwright, Anne Heath, Anne Mackin, Anong Amaritakomol, Anong Chaiyasri, Anoop Chauhan, Anoop Mathew, Anthony Gemignani, Anto Luigi Andres, Antonia Vega, Antonietta Hansen, Antonino Ginel Iglesias, Antonio Carlos Carvalho, Antonio Di Chiara, Antonio Serra Peñaranda, Antonio Carvalho, Antonio Colombo, Antonio Fiarresga, Anupama Rao, Aquiles Valdespino-Estrada, Araceli Boan, Areef Ishani, Ariel Diaz, Arijit Ghosh, Arintaya Prommintikul, Arline Roberts, Arnold H Seto, Arnold P Good, Arshed Quyyumi, Arthur J Labovitz, Arthur Kerner, Arturo S Campos-Santaolalla, Arunima Misra, Ashok Mukherjee, Ashok Seth, Ashraf Seedhom, Asim N Cheema, Asker Ahmed, Atul Mathur, Atul Verma, Audrey W Leong, Axel Åkerblom, Axelle Fuentes, Aynun Naher, Badhma Valaiyapathi, Baljeet Kaur, Bandula Guruge, Barbara Brzezińska, Barbara Nardi, Bartosz Czarniak, Bebek Singh, Begoña Igual, Bela Merkely, Belen Cid Alvarez, Benjamin J Spooner, Benjamin J W Chow, Benjamin Cheong, Benoy N Shah, Bernard de Bruyne, Bernardas Valecka, Bernhard Jäger, Beth A Archer, Beth Abramson, Beth Jorgenson, Bethany Harvey, Betsy O'Neal, Bev Atkinson, Bev Bozek, Bevin Lang, Bijulal Sasidharan, Bin Yang, Bin Zhang, Binoy Mannekkattukudy Kurian, Bjoern Goebel, Bob Hu, Bogdan A Popescu, Bogdan Crnokrak, Bolin Zhu, Bonnie J Kirby, Brandi D Zimbelman, Brandy Starks, Branko D Beleslin, Brenda Hart, Brian P Shapiro, Brian McCandless, Brianna Wisniewski, Brigham R Smith, Brooks Mirrer, Bruce McManus, Bruce Rutkin, Bruna Edilena Paulino, Bruna Maria Ascoli, Bryn Smith, Byron J Allen, C Michael Gibson, C Noel Bairey Merz, Calin Pop, Cameron Hague, Camila Thais de Ormundo, Candace Gopaul, Candice P Edillo, Carísi A Polanczyk, Carita Krannila, Carla Vicente, Carl-Éric Gagné, Carlo Briguori, Carlos Peña Gil, Carlos Alvarez, Carly Ohmart, Carmen C Beladan, Carmen Ginghina, Carol M Kartje, Caroline Alsweiler, Caroline Brown, Caroline Callison, Caroline Pinheiro, Caroline Rodgers, Caroline Spindler, Carolyn Corbett, Carrie Drum, Casey Riedberger, Catherine Bone, Catherine Fleming, Catherine Gordon, Catherine Jahrsdorfer, Catherine Lemay, Catherine Weick, Cathrine Patten, Cecilia Goletto, Cezary Kepka, Chandini Suvarna, Chang Xu, Chantale Mercure, Charle A Viljoen, Charlene Wiyarand, Charles Jia-Yin Hou, Charles Y Lui, Charles Cannan, Charles Cornet, Charlotte Pirro, Chataroon Rimsukcharoenchai, Chen Wang, Cheng-Ting Tsai, Chen-Yen Chien, Cheryl A Allardyce, Chester M Hedgepeth, Chetan Patel, Chiara Attanasio, Chih-Hsuan Yen, Chi-Ming Chow, Ching Min Er, Ching-Ching Ong, Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath, Chris Beck, Chris Buller, Christel Vassaliere, Christian Hamm, Christiano Caldeira, Christie Ballantyne, Christina Björklund, Christine R Hinton, Christine Bergeron, Christine Masson, Christine Roraff, Christine Shelley, Christophe Laure, Christophe Thuaire, Christopher Kinsey, Christopher McFarren, Christopher Spizzieri, Christopher Travill, Chun-Chieh Liu, Chung-Lieh Hung, Chunguang Li, Chun-Ho Yun, Chunli Xia, Ciarra Heard, Cidney Schultz, Clare Venn-Edmonds, Claudia P Hochberg, Claudia Wegmayr, Claudia Cortés, Claudia Escobar, Cláudia Freixo, Claudio T Mesquita, Clemens T Kadalie, Colin Berry, Constance Philander, Corine Thobois, Costantino Costantini, Courtney Page, Craig Atkinson, Craig Barr, Craig Paterson, Cristina Bare, Cynthia Baumann, Cynthia Burman, Dalisa Espinosa, Damien Collison, Dan Deleanu, Dan Elian, Dan Gao, Dana Oliver, Daniel P Vezina, Daniel O'Rourke, Daniele Komar, Danielle Schade, Darrel P Francis, Dastan Malaev, David A Bull, David E Winchester, David P Faxon, David Booth, David Cohen, David DeMets, David Foo, David Schlichting, David Taggart, David Waters, David Wohns, Davis Vo, Dawid Teodorczyk, Dawn Shelstad, Dawn Turnbull, Dayuan Li, Dean Kereiakes, Deborah O'Neill, Deborah Yip, Debra K Johnson, Debra Dees, Deepak L Bhatt, Deepika Gopal, Deepti Kumar, Deirdre Mattina, Deirdre Murphy, Delano R Small, Delsa K Rose, Dengke Jiang, Denis Carl Phaneuf, Denise Braganza, Denise Fine, Derek Cyr, Desiree Tobin, Diana Cukali, Diana Parra, Diane Camara, Diane Minshall Liu, Diego Adrián Vences, Diego Franca de Cunha, Dimitrios Stournaras, Dipti Patel, Dongze Li, Donna Exley, Dorit Grahl, Dragana Stanojevic, Duarte Cacela, Dwayne S G Conway, E Pinar Bermudez, Eapen Punnoose, Edgar L Tay, Edgar Karanjah, Edoardo Verna, Eduardo Hernandez-Rangel, Edward D Nicol, Edward O McFalls, Edward T Martin, Edyta Kaczmarska, Ekaterina I Lubinskaya, Elena A Demchenko, Elena Refoyo Salicio, Eli Feen, Elihú Durán-Cortés, Elisabeth M Janzen, Elise L Hannemann, Elise van Dongen, Elissa Restelli Piloto, Eliza Kaplan, Elizabeta Srbinovska Kostovska, Elizabeth Capasso-Gulve, Elizabeth Congdon, Elizabeth Ferguson, Elizaveta V Zbyshevskaya, Ellen Magedanz, Ellie Fridell, Ellis W Lader, Elvin Kedhi, Emanuela Racca, Emilie Tachot, Emily DeRosa, Encarnación Alonso-Álvarez, Eric Nicollet, Eric Peterson, Erick Alexánderson Rosas, Erick Donato Morales, Erin Orvis, Ermina Moga, Estelle Montpetit, Estevao Figueiredo, Eugene Passamani, Eugenia Nikolsky, Eunice Yeoh, Evgeniy I Kretov, Ewa Szczerba, Ewelina Wojtala, Expedito Eustáquio Ribeiro Silva, F Marin Ortuño, Fabio R Farias, Fabio Fimiani, Fabrizio Rolfo, Fa-Chang Yu, Fadi Hage, Fadi Matar, Fahim Haider Jafary, Fang Feng, Fang Liu, Fatima Ranjbaran, Fatima Rodriguez, Fausto J Pinto, Fauzia Rashid, Federica Ramani, Fei Wang, Fernanda Igansi, Filipa Silva, Filippo Ottani, Fiona Haines, Firas Al Solaiman, Flávia Egydio, Flavio Lyra, Florian Egger, Fran Farquharson, Frances Laube, Francesc Carreras Costa, Francesca de Micco, Francesca Bianchini, Francesca Pezzetta, Francesca Pietrucci, Francesco Orso, Francesco Pisano, Francis Burt, Francisca Patuleia Figueiras, Francisco Fernandez-Aviles, Francois Pierre Mongeon, Frans Van de Werf, Franziska Guenther, Fraser N Witherow, Fred Mohr, Frederico Dall'Orto, Fumiyuki Otsuka, G De La Morena, G Karthikeyan, Gabor Dekany, Gabor Kerecsen, Gabriel Galeote, Gabriel Grossmann, Gabriel Vorobiof, Gabriela Sanchez de Souza, Gabriela Guzman, Gabriela Zeballos, Gabriele Gabrielli, Gabriele Jakl-Kotauschek, Gail A Shammas, Gail Brandt, Gang Chen, Gary E Lane, Gary J Luckasen, Gautam Sharma, Gelmina Mikolaitiene, Gennie Yee, Georg Nickenig, George E Revtyak, George J Juang, Gerald Fletcher, Gerald Leonard, Gerard Patrick Devlin, Gerard Esposito, Gergely Ágoston, Gervasio Lamas, Geza Fontos, Ghada Mikhail, Gia Cobb, Gian Piero Perna, Gianpiero Leone, Giles Roditi, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Girish Mishra, Giuseppe Tarantini, Glenda Wong, Glenn S Hamroff, Glenn Rayos, Gong Cheng, Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Goran Davidović, Goran Stankovic, Gordana Stevanovic, Grace Jingyan Wang, Grace M Young, Graceanne Wayser, Graciela Scaro, Graham S Hillis, Graham Wong, Grazyna Anna Szulczyk, Gregor Simonis, Gregory Kumkumian, Gretchen Ann Peichel, Grzegorz Gajos, Gudrun Steinmaurer, Guilherme G Rucatti, Guilherme Portugal, Guilhermina Cantinho Lopes, Guillem Pons Lladó, Gunnar Frostfelt, Gurpreet S Wander, Gurpreet Gulati, Gustavo Pucci, Hafidz Abd Hadi, Haibo Zhang, Haitao Wang, Halina Marciniak, Han Chen, Hanan Kerr, Hani Najm, Hanna Douglas, Hannah Phillips, Hao Dai, Haojian Dong, Haqeel Jamil, Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai, Harry Suryapranata, Hassan Reda, Hayley Pomeroy, Heather Barrentine, Heather Golden, Heather Hurlburt, Heidi Wilson, Helen C Tucker, Helene Abergel, Hemalata Siddaram, Hermine Osseni, Herwig Schuchlenz, Hesong Zeng, Hicham Skali, Hilda Solomon, Hollie Horton, Holly Hetrick, Holly Little, Holly Park, Hongjie Chi, Hossam Mahrous, Howard A Levite, Hristo Pejkov, Huajun Li, Hugo Bloise-Adames, Hugo Marques, Hui Zhong, Hui-Min Zhang, Humayrah Hashim, Hung-I Yeh, Hussien El Fishawy, Ian Webb, Iftikhar Kullo, Igor O Grazhdankin, Ihab Hamzeh, Ikraam Hassan, Ikuko Ueda, Ileana L Pina, Ilona Tamasauskiene, Ilse Bouwhuis, Imran Arif, Ina Wenzelburger, Inês Zimbarra Cabrita, Ines Rodrigues, Inga H Robbins, Inga Soveri, Ingela Schnittger, Iqbal Karimullah, Ira M Dauber, Iram Rehman, Irena Peovska Mitevska, Irene Marthe Lang, Irina Subbotina, Irma Kalibataite-Rutkauskiene, Irni Yusnida, Isabel Estela Carvajal, Isabella C Palazzo, Isabelle Hogan, Isabelle Roy, Ishba Syed, Ishita Tejani, Ivan A Naryshkin, Ivana Jankovic, Iwona Niedzwiecka, J David Knight, Jacek Kusmierek, Jackie M White, Jackie Chow, Jacob Udell, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Jacqueline Fannon, Jacquelyn A Quin, Jacquelyn Do, Jaekyeong Heo, Jakub Maksym, James E Davies, James H O'Keefe Jr, James J Jang, James Cha, James Harrison, James Hirsch, James Stafford, James Tatoulis, Jamie Rankin, Jan Henzel, Jan Orga, Jana Tancredi, Janaina Oliveira, Jane Burton, Jane Eckstein, Jane Marucci, Janet P Knight, Janet Blount, Janet Halliday, Janetta Kourzenkova, Janitha Raj, Jan-Malte Sinning, Jaqueline Pozzibon, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Jaroslaw Karwowski, Jason D Glover, Jason Loh Kwok, Jason T Call, Jason Linefsky, Jassira Gomes, Jati Anumpa, Javier J Garcia, Javier Courtis, Jay Meisner, K Jayakumar, Jayne Scales, Jean E Denaro, Jean Michel Juliard, Jean Ho, Jeanette K Stansborough, Jean-Michel Juliard, Jeanne Russo, Jeannette J M Schoep, Jeet Thambyrajah, Jeff Leimberger, Jeffery A Breall, Jeffrey A Kohn, Jeffrey C Milliken, Jeffrey Anderson, Jeffrey Blume, Jeffrey Kanters, Jeffrey Lorin, Jeffrey Moses, Jelena J Stepanovic, Jelena Celutkiene, Jelena Djokic, Jelena Stojkovic, Jenne M Jose, Jenne Manchery, Jennifer A Mull, Jennifer H Czerniak, Jennifer L Stanford, Jennifer Gillis, Jennifer Horst, Jennifer Isaacs, Jennifer Langdon, Jennifer Thomson, Jennifer Tomfohr, Jennifer White, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Jeremy Rautureau, Jerome Fleg, Jessica Berg, Jessica Rodriguez, Jessica Waldron, Jhina Patro, Jia Li, Jiajia Mao, Jiamin Liu, Jian'an Wang, Jianhua Li, Jianxin Zhang, Jie Qi, Jihyun Lyo, Jill Marcus, Jim Blankenship, Jing Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Jing-Yao Fan, Jiun-Yi Li, Jiwan Pradhan, Jiyan Chen, J M Rivera Caravaca, Jo Evans, Joan Garcia Picart, Joan Hecht, Joanna Jaroch, Joanna Zalewska, Joanne Kelly, Joanne Taaffe, João Reynaldo Abbud, João V Vitola, Joaquín V Peñafiel, Jocelyne Benatar, Jody Bindeman, Joe Sabik, Joel Klitch, Johann Christopher, Johannes Aspberg, John D Friedman, John F Beltrame, John F Heitner, John Joseph Graham, John R Davies, John Doan, John Kotter, John Kurian, John Mukai, John Pownall, Jolanta Sobolewska, Jon Kobashigawa, Jonathan L Goldberg, Jonathan W Bazeley, Jonathan Byrne, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Jonathan Leipsic, Jonean Thorsen, Jorge F Trejo Gutierrez, Jorge Escobedo, Jorik Timmer, José A Ortega-Ramírez, José Antonio Marin-Neto, Jose D Salas, Jose Enrique Castillo, Jose Francisco Saraiva, José J Cuenca-Castillo, Jose L Diez, José Luis Narro Villanueva, José Luiz da Vieira, José M Flores-Palacios, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, Jose Seijas Amigo, Jose Fragata, Josep Maria Padró, Josheph F X McGarvey Jr, Joseph Hannan, Joseph Sacco, Joseph Sweeny, Joseph Wiesel, Josephine D Abraham, Joshua P Loh, Joy Burkhardt, Joyce R White, Joyce Riestenberg-Smith, Judit Sebo, Judith L Meadows, Judith Wright, Judy Mae Foltz, Judy Hung, Judy Otis, Juergen Stumpf, Jui-Peng Tsai, Julia S Dionne, Julia de Aveiro Morata, Julie Bunke, Julie Morrow, Julio César Figal, Jun Fujita, Jun Jiang, Junhua Li, Junqing Yang, Juntima Euathrongchit, Jyotsna Garg, K Manjula Rani, K Preethi, Kaatje Goetschalckx, Kai Eggers, Kamalakar Surineni, Kanae Hirase, T R Kapilamoorthy, Karen Calfas, Karen Gratrix, Karen Hallett, Karen Hultberg, Karen Nugent, Karen Petrosyan, Karen Swan, Karolina Kryczka, Karolina Wojtczak-Soska, Karolina Wojtera, Karsten Lenk, Karthik Ramasamy, Katarzyna Łuczak, Katarzyna Malinowska, Kate Pointon, Kate Robb, Katherine Martin, Kathleen Claes, Kathryn Carruthers, Kathy E Siegel, Katia Drouin, Katie Fowler-Lehman, Kavita Rawat, Kay Rowe, Keiichi Fukuda, Keith A A Fox, Ken Mahaffey, Kendra Unterbrink, Kenneth Giedd, Kerrie Van Loo, Kerry Lee, Kerstin Bonin, Kevin R Bainey, Kevin T Harley, Kevin Anstrom, Kevin Chan, Kevin Croce, Kevin Landolfo, Kevin Marzo, Keyur Patel, Khaled Abdul-Nour, Khaled Alfakih, Khaled Dajani, Khaled Ziada, Khaula Baloch, Khrystyna Kushniriuk, Kian-Keong Poh, Kim F Ireland, Kim Holland, Kimberly Ann Byrne, Kimberly E Halverson, Kimberly Elmore, Kimberly Miller-Cox, Kiran Reddy, Kirsten J Quiles, Kirsty Abercrombie, Klaus Matschke, Konrad Szymczyk, Koo Hui Chan, Kotiboinna Preethi, Kozhaya Sokhon, Krissada Meemuk, Kristian Thygesen, Kristin M Salmi, Kristin Newby, Kristina Wippler, Kristine Arges, Kristine Teoh, Krystal Etherington, Krystyna Łoboz-Grudzień, Krzysztof W Reczuch, Krzysztof Bury, Krzysztof Drzymalski, Krzysztof Kukuła, Kuo-Tzu Sung, Kurt Huber, Ladda Douangvila, Lance Sullenberger, Larissa Miranda Trama, Laszlone Matics, Laura Drew, Laura Flint, Laura Keinaite, Laura Sarti, Laurel Kolakaluri, Lawrence M Phillips, Lawrence Friedman, Lawrence Phillips, Lazar Velicki, Leah Howell, Leandro C Maranan, Leanne Cox, Ledjalem Daba, Lei Zhang, Lekshmi Dharmarajan, Leo Bockeria, Leonardo Pizzol Caetano, Leonardo Bridi, Leonid L Bershtein, Leszek Sokalski, Li Hai Yan, Li Li, Lia Nijmeijer, Lidia Sousa, Lihong Xu, Lihua Zhang, Lili Zhang, Lilia Schiavi, Lilian Mazza Barbosa, Lillian L Khor, Lina Felix-Stern, Linda L Hall, Linda M Hollenweger, Linda Arcand, Linda Davidson-Ray, Linda Schwarz, Lindsey N Sikora, Lingping Chi, Lino Patricio, Liping Zhang, Lisa Chaytor, Lisa Hatch, Lisa McCloy, Lisa Wong, Liselotte Persson, Lixin Jiang, Liz Low, Ljiljana Pupic, Loïc Bière, Lorenzo Monti, Lori Christensen, Lori Pritchard, Loriane Black, Lori-Ann Desimone, Lori-Ann Larmand, Lorraine McGregor, Louise Morby, Louise Thomson, Luc Harvey, Luciana de Pádua Baptista, Lucilla Garcia, Ludivine Eliahou, Ludmila Helmer, Luis F Smidt, Luis Bernanrdes, Luis Guzman, Luiz A Carvalho, Luyang Xiong, Lynette L Teo, Lynn M Neeson, Lynne Winstanley, M Barbara Srichai-Parsia, M Quintana Giner, M Sowjanya Reddy, M Valdés Chávarri, M Grazia Rossi, Maarten Simoons, Maayan Konigstein, Maciej Lesiak, Maciej Olsowka, Mafalda Selas, Magalie Corfias, Magdalena Madero Rovalo, Magdalena Łanocha, Magdalena Miller, Magdalena Misztal-Teodorczyk, Magdalena Rantinella, Magdy Abdelhamid, Magnolia Jimenez, Mahboob Alam, Mahevamma Mylarappa, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Mahmoud Mohamed, Mahmud Al-Bustami, Majo X Joseph, Malgorzata Frach, Małgorzta Celińska-Spodar, Malte Helm, Manas Chacko, Mandy Murphy, Manitha Vinod, Manjula Rani, Manu Dhawan, Manuela Mombelli, Marcel Weber, Marcello Galvani, Marcelo Jamus Rodrigues, Marcia F Dubin, Marcia F Werner Bayer, Marcin Szkopiak, Marco Antonio Monsalve, Marco Bizzaro Santos, Marco Magnoni, Marco Marini, Marco Sicuro, Marco Zenati, Marcos Valério Coimbra Resende, Marek Roik, Margalit Bentzvi, Margaret Gilsenan, Margaret Iraola, Margot C 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Jr, Matthew Budoff, Matthew Jezior, Matthew Luckie, Matthias Friedrich, Mauren P Haeffner, Maximilian Tscharre, Max-Paul Winter, Mayana Almeida, Mayil S Krishnam, Mayuri Patel, Meenakshi Mishra, Megan Manocchia, Meghana Kakade, Melanie J Munro, Melissa D Chaplin, Melissa LeFevre, Mervyn Andiapen, Michael A Gibson, Michael B Rubens, Michael C Turner, Michael D Shapiro, Michael W Lee, Michael Berlowitz, Michael Davidson, Michael Mack, Michael McDaniel, Michael Mumma, Michal Wlodarczyk, Michel G Khouri, Michel S Slama, Michele Rawlins, Michelle M Bonner, Michelle M Seib, Michelle Chang, Michelle Crowder, Michelle Dixon, Michelle Mayon, Michelle McEvoy, Michelle Yee, Miguel M Fernandes, Miguel Nobre Menezes, Miguel Souto Bayarri, Miguel Barrero, Mikhail T Torosoff, Milan R Dobric, Milan Dobric, Milica Nikola Dekleva, Milind Avdhoot Gadkari, Millie Gomez, Min Tun Kyaw, Miriam Brooks, Miroslav Stevo Martinovic, Mitchel B Lustre, Mohammad Tariq Vakani, Mohammad El-Hajjar, Mohammed Al-Amoodi, Mohammed Hussain, Mohammed Saleem, Moisés Blanco-Calvo, Moisés Jiménez-Santos, Mona Bhatia, Monica Rosca, Monika Laukyte, Montserrat Gracida Blanca, Montserrat Vila Perales, Mouaz H Al-Mallah, Moysés de Oliveira Filho, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Muhamed Saric, Mulei Chen, Myriam Brousseau, Myrthes Emy Takiuti, Nada Cemerlic-Adjic, Nadia Asif, Nadia Gakou, Nafisa Hussain, Nana O Katamadze, Nancy L Clapp, Nancy Aedy, Nandita Nataraj, Nanette K Wenger, Naomi Uchida, Nasrul Ismail, Natalia S Oliveira, Natalia de Carvalho Maffei, Natalie Spitzer, Natasha C Putnam, Naved Aslam, Neamat Mowafy, Neeraj Pandit, Neeraj Parakh, Nevena Garcevic, Ngaire Meadows, Nhi N Tran, Nicholas Danchin, Nicki Lakeman, Nicola Johnston, Nicolas W Shammas, Nicole Saint Vrestil, Nicole Deming, Nier Zhong, Niket Patel, Nikola N Boskovic, Nikolaos Karogiannis, Nikos Werner, Nina Johnston, Ning Zhang, Ning Zhou, Niree Hindoyan, Nirmal Kumar, Nitika Chadha, Nitish Naik, Nodira Aripova, Noloyiso Mtana, Nona A Eskelson, Noor Syamira 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Paula García-González, Paulo Cury Rezende, Paulo Ricardo Caramori, Pavel S Kozlov, Pedro Canas Silva, Pedro Gabriel Melo Barros E Silva, Pedro Píccaro de Oliveira, Pedro Carvalho, Pedro Modas, Pedro Rio, Peeyush Jain, Peiyu He, Peter A McCullough, Peter H Stone, Peter M Pollak, Peter Douglass, Peter Henriksen, Peter OKane, Peter Ong, Philip Jones, Philip Rogal, Philippe Généreux, Philippe Menasche, Philippe Rheault, Phoebe Goold, Pierre Gervais, Pierre Michaud, Pilar Calvillo, Ping Chai, Piotr Jakubowski, Piotr Pruszczyk, Piotr Slomka, Piyamitr Sritara, Poay-Huan Loh, Poonam Sonawane, Pouneh Samadi, Pragnesh P Parikh, Prakash Deedwania, Pranav M Patel, Praneeth Polamuri, Pratiksha Sharma, Precilia Vasquez, Preeti Kamath, Prince Thomas, Priyadarshani Arambam, Puja K Mehta, Purvez Grant, Pushpa Naik, Qi Zhong, Qian Zhao, Qiang Zhou, Qianqian Yuan, Qin Yu, Qingxian Li, Qiulan Xie, Qiutang Zeng, R J Vindhya, R James Gerlach, Rachel King, Rada Vučić, Radmila Lyubarova, Radoslaw Pracon, 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Stephanie M Lane, Stephanie Ferket, Stephanie Kelly, Stephanie Wasmiller, Stephen H McKellar, Stephen P Hoole, Stephen Fremes, Stephen Preston, Steve Leung, Steven A Fein, Steven J Lindsay, Steven P Sedlis, Steven Giovannone, Steven Michael, Steven Weitz, Stijn van Vugt, Subhash Banerjee, Sudhir Naik, Suellen Hosino, Sukie Desire, Sukit Yamwong, Suku T Thambar, Sulagna Mookherjee, Suman Singh, Sundeep Mishra, Sunil Kumar Verma, Supap Kulthawong, Supatchara Khwakhong, Surendra Naik, Suresh Babu, Surin Woragidpoonpol, Suryaprakash Narayanappa, Susan Derbyshire, Susan Gent, Susan Mathus, Susan Milbrandt, Susan Moore, Susan Regan, Susan Stinson, Susan Webber, Susana Silva, Susanna Stevens, Susanne Gruensfelder, Suthara Aramcharoen, Suvarna Kolhe, Suzana Tavares, Suzanne Arnold, Suzanne Welsh, Svetlana Apostolovic, Swapna Kunhunny, Ta-Chuan Hung, Taissa Zappernick, Tali Sharir, Talita Silva, Tamara Colaiácovo Soares, Tapan Umesh Pillay, Tarun K Mittal, Tatiana Trifonova, Tauane Bello Duarte, Tauqir Huk, Téodora Dutoiu, Terrance Chua, Terry Weyand, Thabitha Charles, Theodoros Kofidis, Theresa McCreary, Thierry Lefevre, Thippeekaa Arumairajah, Thitipong Tepsuwan, Thomas J Mulhearn, Thomas M Meyer, Thomas P Rocco, Thomas R Downes, Thomas Crain, Thomas Haldis, Thomas Mathew, Thomas Redick, Thounaojam Indira Devi, Thuraia Nageh, Tia Cauthren, Tiago Silva, Tiffany Little, Tijana Andric, Tina Harding, Titus Lau, Tiziana Formisano, Tiziano Moccetti, Tomasz Ciurus, Tomasz Mazurek, Tomasz Tarchalski, Toshiyuki Nagai, Tri Tran, Tricia Youn, Trish Tucker, Trudie Milner, Tuhina Bose, Tushar Kotecha, Udo Sechtem, Uma S Valeti, Umberto Cucchini, Umesh Badami, Upendra Kaul, V K Bahl, V S Narain, Valentina Casali, Valeria Godoy, Valerie Robesyn, Vamshi P Priya, Vandana Yadav, Vera McKinney, Veronica De Lenges, Veronica Tinnirello, Vicente Miro, Victor Navarro, Victoria Gumerova, Victoria Hernandez, Vidya Seeratan, Vijay Kumar, Vikentiy Y Kozulin, Viktoria Bulkley, Vilmar Veiga Jr, Vincent Setang, C P Vineeth, Virginai Pubull Nuñez, Virginia Fernández-Figares, Vitor Gomes, Viviana Gabriel, Viviane Dos Santos, Viviane Almeida, Vlad A Iliescu, Vladan Mudrenovic, Vladimir Dzavik, Vojislav L Giga, Walter Enrique Mogrovejo, Wan Xian Chan, Wanda C Marfori, Wanda Parker, Warangkana Mekara, Wassim Nona, Wayne Old, Wayne Pennachi, Weerachai Nawarawong, Wei Chen, Wei Su, Weibing Xing, Wei-Ren Lan, Wenda Crawford, Wendy L Stewart, Wendy Drewes, Wenhua Lin, William B Abernethy, William D Salerno, William F Fearon, William Vergoni, William Weintraub, Winnie C Sia, Wlodzimierz J Musial, Xacobe Flores-Ríos, Xavier Garcia-Moll Marimon, Xi Su, Xiang Ma, Xiangqiong Gu, Xiao Wang, Xiaomei Li, Xiaowei Yao, Xin Fu, Xin Su, Xin Zeng, Xinchun Yang, Xiuhong Li, Xuehua Fang, Xutong Wang, Yaming Geng, Yan Yan, Yanek Pépin-Dubois, Yanfu Wang, Yang Wang, Yanmeng Tian, Yaping Huang, Yechen Han, Yesenia Zambrano, Yi-Hsuan Yang, Ying Tung Sia, Yining Yang, Yitong Ma, Yolayfi Peralta, Yongjian Wu, Yu Kunwu, Yu Zhao, Yudong Peng, Yueh-Hung Lin, Yulan Zhao, Yumei Dong, Yunhai Zhao, Yutthaphan Wannasopha, Yvonne Taul, Zakir Sahul, Zalina Kudzoeva, Zbigniew Kalarus, Zeljko Z Markovic, Zhen Huang, Zheng Ji, Zhenyu Liu, Zhou Yue, Zhulin Zhang, Zhuxi Li, Zile Singh Meharwal, Ziliang Bai, Zixiang Yu, Zohra Huda, Zoltan Davidovits
Subjects: Male, Cardiac Catheterization, Computed Tomography Angiography, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Ischemia, Coronary Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Coronary Angiography, ISCHEMIA Research Group, law.invention, Angina, Coronary artery disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Cardiovascular Disease, Myocardial Revascularization, 030212 general & internal medicine, Coronary Artery Bypass, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiac catheterization, General Medicine, Middle Aged, humanities, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Female, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Ischemia, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Geriatric cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Angina, Unstable, Aged, business.industry, Coronary Artery Bypa, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Bayes Theorem, medicine.disease, Heart failure, Quality of Life, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS: We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS: Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, -1.8 percentage points; 95% CI, -4.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others; ISCHEMIA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01471522.).
Published: 2020
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6. Role Of Colour Doppler Imaging In Early Diagnosis Of Diabetic Retinopathy

Author: Seena Cheppala Rajan, Prashant Moorthy, Yuvaraj Muralidharan, Paarthipan Natarajan, Anusha Palani Swamy, Praveen K. Sharma, and Karthik Krishna Ramakrishnan
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, business.industry, Ophthalmology, General Engineering, Colour doppler, medicine, sense organs, Diabetic retinopathy, medicine.disease, business, eye diseases
Abstract: Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of vision loss among people with diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among working-age adults in India. It is a form of microangiopathy, and is the most common ocular complication seen in diabetic patients. Diabetic retinopathy progresses from non proliferative to proliferative retinopathy. The non proliferative retinopathy is the milder form and it is reversible. As the progression to proliferative retinopathy happens, the patients are symptomatic and become irreversible. Vascular changes and subsequent ocular hemodynamic changes are critical events in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Colour doppler imaging is one of the most widely used and well-established techniques for assessing ocular blood flow velocities in the retro bulbar vessels. This is a non-invasive, painless imaging method with highly reproducibility. Estimation of orbital blood flow velocity from colour doppler imaging of the ophthalmic artery and central retinal artery is a technique offering great potential for the identification of early retinopathy in diabetic patients.
Published: 2021
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7. Reactive Arthritis: A Clinical Review

Author: Ameen Jubber and Arumugam Moorthy
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Oligoarthritis, Spondyloarthropathy, business.industry, Inflammatory arthritis, Enthesitis, Sacroiliitis, General Medicine, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Arthritis, Reactive, Dermatology, Education, Dactylitis, Diagnosis, Differential, Prohibitins, Sterile arthritis, medicine, Humans, Reactive arthritis, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a form of inflammatory arthritis triggered by a remote antecedent infection, usually in the genitourinary or gastrointestinal tract. It is part of the spondyloarthropathy (SpA) spectrum, an umbrella term for a group of distinct conditions with shared clinical features. Typically, it presents with an asymmetric oligoarthritis of the lower limb joints, and patients may also have sacroiliitis, enthesitis and dactylitis. Other features often seen include anterior uveitis, urethritis and skin manifestations such as pustular lesions on the plantar areas. Although ReA was characterised initially as a sterile arthritis, the detection of metabolically active Chlamydia species in the joint fluid of some affected patients has generated further questions on the pathophysiology of this condition. There are no formal diagnostic criteria, and the diagnosis is mainly clinical. HLA-B27 can support the diagnosis in the correct clinical context, and serves as a prognostic indicator. The majority of patients have a self-limiting course, but some develop chronic SpA and require immunomodulatory therapy.
Published: 2021
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8. MASTL regulates EGFR signaling to impact pancreatic cancer progression

Author: Punita Dhawan, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Surinder K. Batra, Shailender S. Chauhan, Lynette M. Smith, Jaya Prakash Uppada, Geoffrey A. Talmon, Susmita Barman, Satyanarayana Rachagani, Amar B. Singh, Iram Fatima, and Sanchita Rauth
Subjects: Cancer Research, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, medicine.disease_cause, Malignancy, Deoxycytidine, Article, Serine, Mice, Loss of Function Mutation, Cell Line, Tumor, Pancreatic cancer, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Epidermal growth factor receptor, Molecular Biology, biology, Protein Stability, Kinase, Cancer, medicine.disease, Gemcitabine, Up-Regulation, ErbB Receptors, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Gain of Function Mutation, Disease Progression, Cancer research, biology.protein, KRAS, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Neoplasm Transplantation, Signal Transduction, medicine.drug
Abstract: Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths primarily due to its inherent potential of therapy resistance. Checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as promising anti-cancer agents when used in combination with conventional anti-cancer therapies. Recent studies have highlighted a critical role of the Greatwall kinase (MASTL; Microtubule-associated serine/threonine-protein kinase-like) in promoting oncogenic malignancy and resistance to anti-cancer therapies; however, its role in PC remains unknown. Based on a comprehensive investigation involving PC patient samples, murine models of PC progression (Kras;PdxCre-KC and Kras;p53;PdxCre-KPC), and loss and gain of function studies, we report a previously undescribed critical role of MASTL in promoting cancer malignancy and therapy resistance. Mechanistically, MASTL promotes PC by modulating the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein stability and, thereupon, kinase signaling. We further demonstrate that combinatorial therapy targeting MASTL promotes the efficacy of the cell-killing effects of Gemcitabine using both genetic and pharmacological inhibitions. Taken together, this study identifies a key role of MASTL in promoting PC progression and its utility as a novel target in promoting sensitivity to the anti-pancreatic cancer therapies.
Published: 2021
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9. Dietary Sugar Exposure and Oral Health Status in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case-control Study

Author: Lakshmi Moorthy, Uma B. Dixit, Mona P. Gajre, and Rachita C. Kole
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Dental trauma, Recall, business.industry, Public health, Case-control study, Oral health, medicine.disease, Oral hygiene, stomatognathic diseases, Autism spectrum disorder, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Autism, business, Psychology, Clinical psychology
Abstract: This case-control study compared dietary sugar exposure and oral health status between children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), aged 5–12 years (n = 136, each). Data regarding socio-demographics, child’s oral hygiene practices and behavior, diet-related behavior, oral habits and dental trauma were obtained. Child’s diet on the previous day was recorded using 24-h recall method and sugar exposure was calculated using Dental Diet Diary (D3) mobile application. Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), deft and DMFT were recorded. Results showed no significant differences in sugar exposure, deft and DMFT between the groups. Although oral hygiene practices were significantly better in children with ASD, their OHI-S was significantly worse. Significantly more children with ASD reported mouth-breathing, bruxism and self-injurious habits.
Published: 2021
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10. Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

Author: Stephen R Knight, Catherine A Shaw, Riinu Pius, Thomas M Drake, Lisa Norman, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Adewale O Adisa, Maria Lorena Aguilera, Sara W Al-Saqqa, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Aneel Bhangu, Bruce M Biccard, Peter Brocklehurst, Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri, Kathryn Chu, Anna Dare, Muhammed Elhadi, Cameron J Fairfield, J Edward Fitzgerald, Dhruv Ghosh, James Glasbey, Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen, J.C. Allen Ingabire, T Peter Kingham, Marie Carmela Lapitan, Ismaïl Lawani, Bettina Lieske, Richard Lilford, Janet Martin, Kenneth A McLean, Rachel Moore, Dion Morton, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Faustin Ntirenganya, Francesco Pata, Thomas Pinkney, Ahmad Uzair Qureshi, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Aya Riad, Hosni Khairy Salem, Joana Simões, Richard Spence, Neil Smart, Stephen Tabiri, Hannah Thomas, Thomas G Weiser, Malcolm West, John Whitaker, Ewen M Harrison, Arben Gjata, Maria Marta Modolo, Sebastian King, Erick Chan, Sayeda Nazmun Nahar, Ade Waterman, Dominique Vervoort, Alemayehu Ginbo Bedada, Bernardo De Azevedo, Ana Gabriela Figueiredo, Manol Sokolov, Venerand Barendegere, Gerald Ekwen, Arnav Agarwal, Qinyang Liu, Juan Camilo Correa, Kalisya Luc Malemo, Jacques Bake, Jakov Mihanovic, Kamila Kuncarová, Julius Orhalmi, Hosni Salem, Jyri Teras, Aristotelis Kechagias, Alexis P Arnaud, Judith Lindert, Vasileios Kalles, Maria-Lorena Aguilera-Arevalo, Gustavo Recinos, Zsolt Baranyai, Basant Kumar, Harish Neelamraju Lakshmi, Sanoop Koshy Zachariah, Philip Alexander, Sunil Kumar Venkatappa, C Pramesh, Radhian Amandito, Christina Fleming, Luca Ansaloni, Gianluca Pellino, Ahmed M. Altibi, Ibrahim Nour, Intisar Hamdun, Ali M. Ghellai, Donatas Venskutonis, Tomas Poskus, Justas Zilinskas, Precious Malemia, Yong Yong Tew, Elaine Borg, Sarah Ellul, fatima Zahraa Wafqui, David W Borowski, Anne Sophie van Dalen, Cameron Wells, Harissou Adamou, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Adewale Adisa, Kjetil Søreide, Sara Al Saqqa, Osaid Alser, Haya Tahboub, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Sebastian Shu Yip, Piotr Major, António Sampaio Soares, Matei Razvan Bratu, Andrey Litvin, Armen Vardanyan, JC Allen Ingabire, Ahmad Gudal, Naif Albati, Jovan Juloski, Miran Rems, Sarah Rayne, Stephanie Van Straten, Yoshan Moodley, Irene Ortega Vázquez, Jaime Ruiz-Tovar, Kithsiri Janakantha Senanayake, Sujeewa Priyantha Bandara Thalgaspitiya, Omer Abdelbagi Omer, Anmar Homeida, Yucel Cengiz, Daniel Clerc, Muhammad Alshaar, Hanen Bouaziz, Yuksel Altinel, Matthew Doe, Maryna Freigofer, Ella Teasdale, Rakan Kabariti, Joshua Michael Clements, Stephen Richard Knight, Ahsan Ashfaq, Ijeoma Azodo, Gabriela Wagner, Ivan Trostchansky, Mayaba Maimbo, David Linyama, Helidon Nina, Amanda Zeko, Claudio Gabriel Fermani, Santiago Villalobos, Federico Carballo, Pablo Farina, Sebastian Guckenheimer, Marilla Dickfos, Ankit Ajmera, Chester Chong, Ralph Gourlay, Sikandar Hussaini, Yi Jia Lee, Adeeb Majid, Peter Martin, Rebecca Miles, Owen James Morris, Jamie Phua, William Ridley, Tarunpreet Saluja, Ryan Renxin Tan, Jen Teh, Anna Wells, Bharti Arora, Qaasim Dollie, Debbie Ho, Yanru Ma, Omattage Mahasha Perera, Anthony Truong, Amanda Caroline Dawson, Bryan Lim, Upuli Pahalawatta, Jacqueline Phan, Xiao-Ming Sarah Woon-Shoo-Tong, Andrea Yeoh, Lillian Charman, Andrew Drane, Sharon Laura, Charmaine Chu Wen Lo, Amy Mozes, Rita Poon, Hao Han Tan, Ellen Wall, Prakshi Chopra, Jasmine De Giovanni, Bal Dhital, Brian Draganic, Alexander Duller, Jonathan Gani, Yao Kuan Goh, Jun Young Jeong, Brendan McManus, Prakash Nagappan, Peter Pockney, Anya Rugendyke, Mahsa Sarrami, Stephen Smith, Vanessa Wills, Hsu Ven Wong, Geoffrey Ye, Geoffrey Zhang, Ethan Brooker, Daniel Feng, Bonnie Lau, Carlin Ngai, Sarah Birks, David Gyorki, Jaime Otero de Pablos, Ali Abbosh, Chris Gillespie, Ahmed Mahmoud, Bianca Kwan, Joshua Lawson, Andrea Warwick, Janne Bingham, Andrew J Cockbain, Nagendra Naidu Dudi-Venkata, Jordan Ellaby-Hall, Ben Finlay, Emily Humphries, Jade Pisaniello, Monique Pisaniello, Salma Salih, Tarik Sammour, Haidar Hadri Abd Wahab, April De Silva, Nicola Hayward, Kartik Iyer, Guy Maddern, Gian Andrea Prevost, Naga Annapureddy, Krishna Pranathi Settipalli, Jeremy Yeo, Lucy Hempenstall, Lily Pham, Shaun Purcell, Cherry Talavera, Ashish I Vaska, Gurpreet Chaggar, Phillip Chrapko, Annelise Cocco, Sarah Michelle Crystal Jade Coulter-Nile, Grahame Ctercteko, James French, Houchen Gong, Martijn Gosselink, Thuvarahan Jegathees, Ivan Jin, Michelle Kalachov, Kathryn Kiefhaber, Katherine Lee, Jason Luong, Steven Phan, Henry Pleass, Kelly Veale, Zhi Zeng, Angela Au, Ashe DeBiasio, Idy Deng, Jananee Myooran, Amrita Nair, Peter Stewart, Anton Stift, Lukas Walter Unger, Kerstin Wimmer, Nabila Ahmed, Syed Hasan, Saber Rahman, Margaret O'Shea, Greg Padmore, Adrian Peters, Pietro Perduca, Guenda Pulcina, Nicolas Tinton, Frederic Buxant, Elsa Dabin, Giulia Garofalo, Francis Dossou, Freddy Houehanou Rodrigue Gnangnon, Yacoubou Imorou Souaibou, Pako Motlaleselelo, Omphile Tlhomelang, Igor Lima Buarque, Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde Gomes, Aldo Vieira Barros, Ilia Batashki, Nikolai Damianov, Vladislav Stoyanov, Dragomir Dardanov, Svilen Maslyankov, Plamen Petkov, George Todorov, Evgeni Zhivkov, Aygulya Akisheva, Miguel Angel Castilla Moreno, Geno Genov, Ivelina Ilieva, Tsvetomir Ivanov, Martin Karamanliev, Azhar Khan, Emil Mitkov, Tsanko Yotsov, Boyko Atanasov, Nikolay Belev, Mihail Slavchev, Carlos Nsengiyumva, Elgan Jones, Simon Stock, Steve Kyota, James Brown, Tresor Mabanza K., Lemery Nigo Samuel, Chidi Otuneme, Ngwang Prosper, Franklin Umenze, Marylise Boutros, Natasha Caminsky, Sinziana Dumitra, Richard Garfinkle, Dominique Morency, Ebram Salama, Alexander Banks, Lorenzo Ferri, Haitian He, Amit Katz, Alexander Sender Liberman, Sarkis Meterissian, Allison Pang, Elena Parvez, Usmaan Hameed, Fahima Osman, Sangita Sequeira, Natalie Coburn, Alisha Jaffer, Paul Karanicolas, Matthew Mosseler, Reilly Musselman, Xinyuan Liu, Ching Wan Yip, Juan Sebastian Garces-Otero, Carolina Guzman, Sebastian Sierra, Andres Uribe Valencia, Paulo Andrés Cabrera Rivera, Saul Camelo, Andrea Gonzalez, Alejandro González-Orozco, Manuel Santiago Mosquera Paz, Carlos J- Perez Rivera, Felipe Gonzalez, Andres Isaza-Restrepo, Laura Nino- Torres, Natalia Arias Madrid, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Justin Tsandiraki, Damir Jemendžic, Branislav Kocman, Oliver Šuman, Renata Canic, Darko Jurišic, Ivana Karakas, Ana Krizanovic Rupcic, Vlatka Pitlovic, Josip Samardžic, Mario Kopljar, Ivan Bacic, Edgar Domini, Robert Karlo, Danijela Miljanic, Andrea Simic, Mariam Ahmed, Majdi Al Nassrallah, Rabiya Altaf, Talal Amjad, Ruba Eltoum, Heba Haidar, Alhassan Hassan, Omar Khalil, Marwan Qasem, Rommel Ramesh, Gautham Sajith, Maham Wisal, Jan Žatecký, Michele Bujda, Katerina Jirankova, Ales Paclik, Aya Abdallah, Mariam Abdulgawad Almogy, Esraa Ayman El-sawy, Ahmed Moustafa ElFayoumy, Nourhan Elghareeb, Nourhan Ahmed Esmat, Ahmed Fadel, Abdullah Habater, Heba Hamdy, Amr Hefni, Marwa Kamal, Norhan Mohamed Abobakr, Ahmed Sayed, Nancy Shaker, Ehab Taha, Hoda Tharwat, Omar Zakaria, Ibrahem Abdelmotaleb, Ali Al-Dhufri, Hamza S. Al-Himyari, Enas El sheikh, Asmaa Eldmaty, Aya Elkhalawy, Ahmed M.Elkhashen, Kithara Magdy, Safa Mostafa, Habib Doutoum Sadia, Mohamed mahmoud Saleh, Dina Samir, Mohamed Yahia Mohamed Ali, Mahmoud A. Nassar, Samar Abdelhady, Aly Abdelrazek, Israa Abdelsalam, Aya El-Sawy, Eman Essam, Mohamed Gadelkarim, Khaled Ghaly, Mohamed Hassabalnaby, Rana Masarani, Nourhan Mohamed Shaaban, Ahmed Sabry, Menatalla Salem, Nourhan Akram Soliman, Diaaaldin Zahran, Moustafa Ramadan Abou El.soud, Esraa Tarek Badr, Hala Borham, Nehal Elmeslemany, Mohammad Elsayed, Fawzia Elsherif, Sara Eslam, Gehad Gaber, Sondos Ibrahim, Yara Kamh, Abdelrahman Mahmoud, Shimaa gamal Mohamed, Eman Morshedy, Cinderella Omar, Fatima Salem Soliman, Shaza Abdelkawy, Naglaa Abdelmohsen, Mahmoud Abdelshakour, Ahmed Dahy, Norhan Gamal, Mohammed Gamal, Ahmad Hasan, Helal Hetta, Nehad Mousa, Mohamed Omar, Somia Rabie, Mahmoud Saad, Bakeer Saleh, Marwa Sayed Mohamed, Muhammad Shawqi, Heba Abdelhady Mousa, Mostafa Alnoury, Mohamed Elbealawy, Ahmed Elshafey, Muhammad Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed, Mennatullah Ghonaim, Fawzy Hgag, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mahmoud Morsy, Mohamed Reda Loaloa, Ahmed Refaat, Hadeer Samir, Fatma Shahien, Mohamed Sobhy, Fathy Sroor, Esraa Abdellatif, Marina Adel, Amr Abdelghani Afifi, Eman Afifi, Marco Antaky, Amr Dawoud, Naira El Zoghby, Amira El-remaily, Ali Abdelazez Elzanfaly, Ahmed Gadallah, Fatma Alzahraa Gamal, Omar Hashem, Shrouk Medhat Youssef, Aliaa Muhammad Attyah, Malak Munir, Omar Shazly, Esraa Taha, Karim Wilson, Sawsan Adel, Asmaa Ali, Esraa Eid, Esraa Elhelow, Marwa Elmahdy, Bassant Elshatby, Amany Hossam el-din Zakaria, Ahmad Hossny, Eman Ibrahim, Ahmed M.Yonis, Maram Metwalli, Basant Yousry, Esraa Zid, Mina A Yacoub, Ahmed Abdelhakim, Nervana Abouelsoad, Mo'min Alkhatib, Ahmed Ashraf, Alaa Ashraf, Yasmin Elazab, Mahmoud Elfanty, Osama Elkabir, Mai Elsayed, Ahmed Elshimy, Hager Elsobky, John Eskander, Ahmed Gad, Ward Hamsho, Noura Khaled Abdelwahed, Menna Magdy, Dalia Moharam, Abeer Osama, Shereen Ramadan, Radwa Roum, Taqwa Sayed, Tarneem Shehada, Ahmed Mohy Zidan, Khalid Abbas, Amr Ali, Mohamed Attia, Mohamed Balata, Ayman El Nakeeb, Mohamed Ibrahim Elsayed Elewaily, Ahmed Elfallal, Hossam Elfeki, Ahmed Elkhadragy, Sameh Emile, Helmy Ezzat, Hasnaa Hosni, Islam Mansour, Waleed Omar, Gehad Othman, Kareem Sadek, Mostafa Shalaby, Noura Shehab-Eldeen, Rawda Anas khalifa, Helmy Badr, Mostafa Eldeep, Ahmed Eldeep, Amany Eldoseuky mohammed, Salwa Khallaf, Eman Magdy Hegazy, Rokia Mahmoud, Pola Mikhail, Mahmoud Morsi, Sara Mowafy, Dina Raafat, Amina Safy, Marwa Sera, Ahmed shible Sera, Mostafa Salim Mohamed AbdAllah, Muhammad Abdelkader, Abdulrahman Osama Abdou, Ahmedgaber Ahmed, Shireen Gaafar, Fatma Ibrahim negm, Mina Lapic, Ahmed Maher, Hagar Mahmoud, Ahmed Mostafa, Mohamed Samir, Fatma Samy, Nourhan Semeda, Hind I. Shalaby, Alaa El-taweel, Ahmed Galal Elnagar, Ahmed Gamal Hemidan, Mohamed Hussein, Ahmed.A. Kandil, Mf Moawad, Ayat Allah Nasser Hamamah, Mostafa Soliman, Mohamed Abdelkhalek, Noura Abdelmaksoud Tawakel, Ahmed Mohamed Abdelwahed, Alrawy Abdou, Khalid Atallah, Mohammed Yasser Elsherbeny, Eman Emara, Mohamed Hamdy, Omar Hamdy, Amira Haron, Salma Ismail, Islam Hany Metwally, Nihal Mohamed Hamed Elgaml, Ahmed Nassar, Basel Refky, Mirna Sadek, Mahmoud Saleh, Asmaa Yunes, Mai Zakaria, Mohammed Zuhdy, Notila Fayed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan Mohammed, Sander Kütner, Priit Melnik, Indrek Seire, Toomas Ümarik, Eppu Ainoa, Verner Eerola, Hanna Koppatz, Laura Koskenvuo, Ville Sallinen, Sini Takala, Jevgeni Katunin, Arto Turunen, Niki Christou, Muriel Mathonnet, Vincent Lavoue, Krystel Nyangoh Timoh, Lucie Soulabaille, Romain Lesourd, Aude Merdrignac, Laurent Sulpice, Benoît André, Elodie Chantalat, Charlotte Vaysse, Bertrand Dousset, Sebastien Gaujoux, Gregory Martin, Octavian Clonda, Domantas Juodis, Klaus Kienle, Andras Mravik, Samuel Palmer, Gabor Szabadhegyi, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Solomon Gyabaah, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Nuhu Naabo, Atta Owusu senior, Joseph Yorke, Frank Owusu, Francis Abantanga, Theophilus Teddy Kojo Anyomih, Abdul-Jalilu Mohammed Muntaka, Emmanuel Owusu Abem, Mohammed Sheriff, Paul M. Wondoh, Dimitrios Balalis, Dimitrios Korkolis, Georgios Gkiokas, Eirini Pantiora, Theodosios Theodosopoulos, Argyrios Ioannidis, Konstantinos Konstantinidis, Sofia Konstantinidou, Nikolaos Machairas, Anna Paspala, Anastasia Prodromidou, Christos Chouliaras, Konstantinos Papadopoulos, Ioannis Baloyiannis, Ioannis Mamaloudis, George Tzovaras, Ioanna Akrida, Maria-Ioanna Argentou, Stylianos Germanos, Evangelos Iliopoulos, Ioannis Maroulis, George Skroubis, George Theofanis, Christos Chatzakis, Orestis Ioannidis, Lydia Loutzidou, Panagiotis Karathanasis, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Charalampos Theodoropoulos, Dimitrios Theodorou, Tania Triantafyllou, Zoe Garoufalia, Natasha Hasemaki, Michalis Kontos, Gregory Kouraklis, Stylianos Kykalos, Theodore Liakakos, Eustratia Mpaili, Alexandros Papalampros, Dimitrios Schizas, Athanasios Syllaios, Ekaterini Christina Tampaki, Antonios Tsimpoukelis, Maria Ioanna Antonopoulou, Eirini Deskou, Dimitrios K. Manatakis, Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Menelaos Zoulamoglou, Christos Anthoulakis, Michalis Margaritis, Nikolaos Nikoloudis, Veronica Campo, André Ceballos, Mario-Andrés Flores, Waleska Giron, Donghyun Ko, Gabriel Martinez, Verónica Rivera Lara, Nataly Rueda, Andres Sanchez, Jorge Carlos Guillermo Tejeda Garrido, Alvaro Eduardo Alvarez Rivera, Elvis Benjamin Bamaca Ixcajoc, Lilian Elizabeth Barreda Zelaya, Patricia Chacòn-Herrera, Ligia Margarita Corea Ruiz, Guillermo Echeverria-Davila, Mario Garcia, Danilo García, Edgar Fernando Gutiérrez Mayen, Noriega José, Nery Mazariegos, Diego Méndez, Michael Paniagua Espinoza, David Bardos, Marton Benke, Kristof Illes, Balint András Kokas, Réka Szabó, Akhila Appukuttan, Anjitha Asok, Vijaykumar D.k, Kapil Malik, Praveen Ravishankaran, Ritesh Tapkire, Guru Moorthy, Joyner Abraham, Ramesh Muthuvel, John Alapatt, Abhay Kattepur, Nizamudheen Pareekutty, Mebanshanbor Garod, Caleb Harris, Cliff Wanniang, Ashish Gupta, Deepak Nehra, Sanjeev Parshad, Rajgopal Acharya, Rajendra Badwe, Manish Bhandare, Urvashi Jain, Karishma Kirti, Nita Nair, Shailesh Shrikhande, Purvi Thakkar, Premkumar Anandan, Archana C S, Arun Holenarasipur Narasannaiah, Tejaswi Jagarlamudi, Rashmi M R, Mallikarjuna Manangi, Abhishek Raghavendra, K. Seshagiri Rao, Vinay S, Vinay Sajjan, Aneesh Shenoy, Santhosh Shivashankar Chikkanayakanahalli, Kavya Tharanath, Sushmita V, Peter Adidharma, Raksheeth Agarwal, Phebe Anggita Gultom, Ghafur Rasyid Arifin, Matthew Billy, Zatira Elfizri, Alessa Fahira, Devi Felicia, Triana Hardianti Gunardi, Nadya Johanna, Nadia Rahmadiani Nugrahadi, Sonar Soni Panigoro, Siti Rahmayanti, Retta Catherina Sihotang, Santi Yuanita Brata, Hadi Winoto, Nastaran Barati, Manoochehr Karami, Hamidreza Khorshidi, Homa Naderifar, Mazin A. Abdulla, Maggie Coleman, Ronan J Doherty, Rob Hannon, Brenda Murphy, Aine Stakelum, Des Winter, Lylas Aljohmani, Richard Farnan, Yeshey Seldon, Tanna Tan, Shriya Varghese, Mohammad Alherz, Muaaz Ather, Mohammad Bajilan, Vivien Graziadei, Isobel Pilkington, Omar Quidwai, Paul Ridgway, Haaris Shiwani, Abd al-Rahman Tahir, Eimear Blunnie, Daniel Burke, Niall Kennedy, Kate Macdonagh, Maeve O'Neill, Siobhan Rooney, Giuseppe Falco, Guglielmo Ferrari, Simone Mele, Gabriela Elisa Nita, Lara Ugoletti, Maurizio Zizzo, Gianmaria Confalonieri, Giovanni Pesenti, Fulvio Tagliabue, Gianluca Baronio, Deborah Ongaro, Giacomo Pata, Bruno Compagnoni, Renato Salvadori, Lucio Taglietti, Nicola D'Alessandro, Pierpaolo Di Lascio, Giovanni Pascale, Luca Bortolasi, Tommaso Campagnaro, Massimo Carlini, Giorgio Lisi, Davide Lombardi, Corrado Pedrazzani, Domenico Spoletini, Giulia Turri, Paola Violi, Donato Francesco Altomare, Fabrizio Aquilino, Nicola Musa, Vincenzo Papagni, Arcangelo Picciariello, Leonardo Vincenti, Dario Andreotti, Savino Occhionorelli, Matteo Tondo, Stefano Maria Massimiliano. Basso, Riccardo Cirelli, Marco Enrico Mario Maino, Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi, Emanuele Picone, Rosa Scaramuzzo, Giovanni Sinibaldi, Alfonso Amendola, Lorenzo Anastasio, Luigi Bucci, Emanuele Caruso, Antonio Castaldi, Sara Di Maso, Vincenza Paola Dinuzzi, Giovanni Esposito, Maria Gaudiello, Mariano Cesare Giglio, Paola Antonella Greco, Gaetano Luglio, Andrea Manfreda, Ester Marra, Federica Mastella, Gianluca Pagano, Roberto Peltrini, Vincenzo Pepe, Michele Sacco, Viviana Sollazzo, Giovanni Spiezio, Ettore Cianchetti, Nunzia Menduni, Michele Maria Carvello, Francesca Di Candido, Antonino Spinelli, Fabio Corsi, Luca Sorrentino, Fabio Marino, Emanuele Luigi Giuseppe Asti, Luigi Bonavina, Emanuele Rausa, Martina Asta, Andrea Belli, Francesco Bianco, Carmela Cervone, Paolo Delrio, Armando Falato, Andrea Fares Bucci, Rita Guarino, Ugo Pace, Daniela Rega, Emilia De Luca, Gaetano Gallo, Giuseppe Sammarco, Giuseppe Sena, Giuseppina Vescio, Letizia Santandrea, Giampaolo Ugolini, Davide Zattoni, Nicola Chetta, Gaetano Logrieco, Serafino Vanella, Gianluca Garulli, Nicola Zanini, Andrea Bondurri, Francesco Cammarata, Francesco Colombo, Diego Foschi, Giulia Maria Beatrice Lamperti, Anna Maffioli, Gianluca Matteo Sampietro, Al'ona Yakushkina, Gloria Zaffaroni, Enrico Cicuttin, Maria Grazia Sibilla, Harmony Impellizzeri, Marco Inama, Gianluigi Moretto, Sylvie Mochet, Elisa Ponte, Antonella Usai, Stefano Mancini, Andrea Sagnotta, Luigi Solinas, Elisa Bolzonaro, Nicolò Tamini, Gianluca Curletti, Raffaele Galleano, Michele Malerba, Sofia Campanella, Gianfranco Cocorullo, Francesco Colli, Paolino De Marco, Nicolò Falco, Tommaso Fontana, Leonel jospin Kamdem Mambou, Antonella La Brocca, Leo Licari, Brenda Randisi, Giovanna Rizzo, Giulia Rotolo, Giuseppe Salamone, Roberta Tutino, Paolina Venturelli, Stefano Malabarba, Alessandro Sgrò, Ivan Vella, Bruno Cirillo, Daniele Crocetti, Giorgio De Toma, Pierfrancesco Lapolla, Andrea Mingoli, Paolo Sapienza, Angela Belvedere, Stefania Bianchini, Margherita Binetti, Arianna Birindelli, Valeria Tonini, Mauro Podda, Fabio Pulighe, Michele De Rosa, Lorenzo Bono, Felice Borghi, Paolo Geretto, Maria Carmela Giuffrida, Corrado Lauro, Alessandra Marano, Luca Pellegrino, Paola Salusso, Diego Sasia, Michela Campanelli, Alberto Realis Luc, Mario Trompetto, Roberto Cardia, Nicola Cillara, Antonio Nicola Giordano, Antonio Costanzo, Mario Alessandro Giovilli, Luca Turati, Silvestro Canonico, Guido Sciaudone, Francesco Selvaggi, Lucio Selvaggi, Nader Albsoul, Ahmad AlBsoul, Ala'a Aldeen Alkhatib, Osama Alsallaq, Justin Z. Amarin, Rami Ayoub, Isam Bsisu, M S El Muhtaseb, Mohammad Jabaiti, Jamal Melhem, Yasmeen Z. Qwaider, Mohammad Hasan Salameh, Ahmad Suleihat, Haya H. Suradi, Mohammad Alammarin, Almoutuz Aljaafreh, Mohammad Bani hani, Zeina Bani hani, Farah Bani Hani, Toqa Fahmawee, Shadi Hamouri, Cyrine Katanani, Ra'fat Tawalbeh, Tamara Tawalbeh, Hassan Zawahrah, Mohamad K. Abou Chaar, Lana Abusalem, Mahmoud Al-Masri, Hani Al-Najjar, Lutfi Barghuthi, Zahra Ahmed, Adnan Maulana, Omar Ngotho, Charbel Kamau, Aruyaru Stanley Mwenda, Fridah Bosire, Elizabeth Mwachiro, Robert Parker, Ian Simel, Kimutai Sylvester, Abdulmunem Ahmed Mustafa Althini, Sofian Elbarouni, Aya Elseed Elbeshina, Ahmed Gwea, Ans Malek, Wedad Albashir Masoud Farag, Abdulwahab Abdalei, Abu Baker Abdel Malik, Areej Abo-khammash, Ma'aly Abuhlaiga, Nour Adnan, Marwa Albaggar, Asma Alfitory, Asma Aljanfi, Fakhruddin Almuzghi, Zohoor Altumei, Fatima Alzabti, Hana Ashoushan, Mohamed Assalhi, Joma Azzubia, Sondos Bnhameida, Malik Delhen, Houssein Elshafei, Hana Elteir, Fatima Esbaga, Abdel Aziz Gobbi, Fatma Hamouda, Hamdan Hilan, Rania Ismail, Fieruz Jebran, Muataz Kasbour, Galia Maderi, Saja Mohammad, Burooj Mohammed, Habib Murtadi, Hamassat Mustafa, Mohamed Rajab, Sarah Trenba, Mariam Wafaa, Eman Al Sagheir, Alabas Almigheerbi, Ahmed Alzahaf, Sumayyah Ghayth Bahroun, Najah Ben Dallah, Mahmoud Elshaibani, Haitem Eswaye, Maha Karar, Samah Omar, Eman Younes, Maha Younes, Dafer Zreeg, Saleh Abujamra, Firas Ashour, Mala Elgammudi, Wesal Omar F. Aljadidi, Enas Saddouh, Randa Sharif, Aya Alabuzidi, AbdulMawlay Alwerfally, Sarra Aribi, Fatma Bibas, Taha Elfaituri, Yasmine Elhajjaji, Ala Khaled, Wegdan Khalil, Tesneem Layas, Enas Soula, Ahmed Tarek, Muad fathi khalleefah Abu hallalah, Hazem Abdelkarem Ahmed, Tagwa Alsharef, Abdulsalam Ali Ben Saoud, Tasnim El Gharmoul, Ahmed Elhadi, Safa Elrais, Abdulhalim Shebani, Heba Zarti, Asaid Zeiton, Marijus Ambrazevicius, Nerijus Kaselis, Migle Stakyte, Oleg Aliosin, Agne Cizauskaite, Sarunas Dailidenas, Vitalijus Eismontas, Migle Kybransiene, Vitalija Nutautiene, Narimantas Samalavicius, Dainius Simcikas, Algirdas Slepavicius, Albinas Tamosiunas, Nerijus Ubartas, Paulius Zeromskas, Saulius Bradulskis, Edvinas Dainius, Juozas Juocas, Egle Kubiliute, Juozas Kutkevicius, Aurimas Opolskis, Audrius Parseliunas, Andrejus Subocius, Egle Virbickaite, Diana Zuikyte, Algirdas Bogusevicius, Kristina Buzaite, Daiva Cepuliene, Ieva Cesleviciene, Vaidotas Cesna, Jolanta Gribauskaite, Povilas Ignatavicius, Mantas Jokubauskas, Monika Liugailaite, Ernest Margelis, Ruta Mazelyte, Lina Pankratjevaite, Matas Pažusis, Agne Rackeviciute, Justina Saladyte, Monika Škimelyte, Vygintas Šlenfuktas, Monika Sudeikyte, Algimantas Tamelis, Tomas Vanagas, Žygimantas Žumbakys, Aivaras Atkociunas, Audrius Dulskas, Justas Kuliavas, Justas Birutis, Sigitas Paškevicius, Mindaugas Šatkauskas, Donatas Danys, Matas Jakubauskas, Lina Jakubauskiene, Marius Kryzauskas, Vytautas Lipnickas, Gabija Makunaite, Fanjandrainy Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Herizo Rasolofonarivo, Luc Hervé Samison, Bitiel Banda, Vanessa Msosa, Ahmad Imran Ahmad Izzuddin, Andre Das, Ying Yee Gan, Tan Shong Sheng, Jia yng Siaw, Mohd Fadliyazid Ab Rahim, Dyg Zahratul Hamrak Abang Jamari, Nurfariza Che Husin, Muhd Yusairi Kamarulzaman, Yi Ping Lim, Nil Amri Mohamed Kamil, Mohd Razeen Mohd Hassan, Saidah Mohd Sahid, Johari Mustafa, Elaine Hui Been Ng, Wan Khamizar Wan Khazim, Ng Chang Ern, P.g. Lingeshan, Syariz Ezuan Sulaiman, Sue Ean Ang, Muhammad Navid Bin Mohamad Sithik, Yih Jeng Cheong, Mahadevan Deva Tata, Law Jia Xian, Aravinthan Kadravello, I-Ern Koh, Li-Yen Ng, Yuki Julius Ng We Yong, Kandasami Palayan, Chi Xuan Sam, Phuah Siow Jin, Jeremy Tan Ern Hwei, Yita Tang, Alvin Zubin Ter, Michael Pak-Kai Wong, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria, Zaidi Zakaria, Fitjerald Henry, Thyivya Kalaiselvan, Muhammad Fairuz Shah Abd Karim, Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz, Nora Abdul Aziz, Tak Loon Khong, Peng Choong Lau, Hiong Chin Lim, April Camilla Roslani, Jonathan Chen Ken Seak, Sui-Weng Wong, Lai Fen Wong, Leow Yeen Chin, Mercy Chinemerem Anyanwu, Zachary Busuttil, Thomas Calleja, Kurt Lee Chircop, Ruth Cutajar, Andrew Michael Dimech, Joseph Galea, Kiara Gascon Perai, Ruth Gatt, Lisa Kelman, Elizabeth Micallef, Favour Nwolu, Kim Sammut, Joanna Thompson, Sean Warwicker, Matthew Zammit, Fernando Cordera, Efraín Cruz González, Jorge Sánchez-García, Francisco José Barbosa Camacho, Francisco Javier Barrera López, Carlos Jose Zuloaga Fernandez del Valle, Eric Acosta, Iván Romarico González Espinoza, Perla Moreno, Ana Olivia Cortes-Flores, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Samantha Corro Díaz González, Laura Martinez, Bonifacio Mosqueda Amador, Armando Novoa, Dennet Arturo Olazo Espejo, Alejandro Jimenez, Federico Lopez Rosales, Elva Gabriela Vanoye, Luis Alberto Garcia Gonzalez, Roberto Carlos Miranda-Ackerman, Manuel Solano-Genesta, Alethia Alvarez-Cano, Hector Hugo Romero-Garza, Heriberto Medina-Franco, Lorelí Mejía-Fernández, Noel Salgado-Nesme, Omar Vergara-Fernandez, Guadalupe Montserrat Gutiérrez-Mota, Francisco Xavier Hernandez Vera, Anabella Llantada Lopez, Gilberto Morgan Villela, Felipe de Jesus Ramirez Padilla, Walezka Tapia Marin, Mónica Martínez Maldonado, Ramses Sánchez Suárez, José Manuel Troche, Chaymae Benyaiche, Oumaima Outani, Souadka Amine, Amine Benkabbou, Anass Mohammed Majbar, Raouf Mohsine, Ali Rafik, Thida Oung, Moe Moe Tin, Philipp Plarre, Anna Alberga, Nina Sluiter, Jurriaan Tuynman, Robin Blok, Didem Cömert, Roel Hompes, Marianne Kalff, Merel Elisabeth Stellingwerf, Pieter Tanis, Mark van Berge Henegouwen, Elise Maria van Praag, Daan Wisselink, Michael Gerhards, Josephine Lopes Cardozo, Emma Westerduin, Joske de Jonge, Aaw van Geloven, Kaz van Schilt, Frank den Boer, Simone Stoots, Stijn Vlek, Jamie Adams, Ibrahim S. Al-Busaidi, Gabrielle Budd, Seung il Choi, Michael Jen Jie Chu, Anurag Ganugapati, Lucy McKinstry, Rebecca Pascoe, Simon Richards, Kenrick Rosser, Annie Stevenson, Rebecca White, Shebani Farik, Jin Kwun, Ahmed Murad, Sarah Cowan, Timothy Hall, Michael Hayton, Laminou Malam Sani, Souleymane Oumarou Garba, Ibrahim Amadou Magagi, Oumarou Habou, Halima Aliyu, Muhammad Daniyan, Tunde T. Sholadoye, Lawal Abdullahi, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Aminu Mohammad Mohammad, Abubakar Bala Muhammad, Abdurrahman Abba Sheshe, Ibrahim Suleiman, Alaba Adesina, Ajibola Awolowo, Clement Onuoha, Omotayo Salami, Ogechukwu Taiwo, Agboola Taiwo, Stephen Kache, Jerry Godfrey Makama, Danjuma Sale, Olajide Abiola, Akinlabi Ajao, Anthony Ajiboye, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Julius Olaogun, Ademola Adebanjo, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Michael Olatunji Afolayan, Olanrewaju Balogun, Ayomide Makanjuola, Samuel Nwokocha, Rufus Wale Ojewola, Thomas Olagboyega Olajide, Adewale Aderounmu, Abdul-Rashid Adesunkanmi, Augustine Agbakwuru, Adeleke Akeem Aderogba, Olusegun Isaac Alatise, Olukayode Arowolo, Oladejo Lawal, Tajudeen Mohammed, Chinedu Ndegbu, Olalekan Olasehinde, Funmilola Wuraola, Akinbolaji Akinkuolie, Arinzechukwu Mosanya, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Peter Elemile, Taiwo Akeem Lawal, Samuel Ali SANI, Stephen Garba, Rebecca Hauwa SANI, Samson Olori, Henry Onyebuashi, Ifeanyi Umoke, Adedire Adenuga, Ademola Adeyeye, Olufemi Habeeb, Bashir Lawal, Abdulrasheed Nasir, Eirik Kjus Aahlin, Didrik Kjønås, Elisabeth Myrseth, Jibran Abbasy, Abdul Alvi, Omair Saleem, Asma Afzal, Anam Nazir, Muhammad Farooq, Ayesha Liaqat, Syed Asghar Naqi, Ali Raza, Muzna Sarfraz, Muhammad Sarwar, Muntaha Banglani, Ambreen Munir, Rahmat Sehrish, Bushra Ayub, Raza Sayyed, Amna Altaf, Saima Ayub, Komal Saeed, Bilal Syed, Sana Amir Akbar, Abdul Wahid Anwer, Ruqayya Naheed Khan, Amina Iqbal Khan, Shahid Khattak, Sameen Mohtasham, Muhammad Asad Parvaiz, Aamir Ali Syed, Abdul Basit Ansari, Noman Shahzad, Tanwir Khaliq, Isbah Rashid, Shahzad Hussain Waqar, Hasan Abu Al-saleem, Amjad Abu Alqumboz, Mohammad Alqadi, Adham Amro, Rawan Assa, Eman Awesat, Rawan Ayyad, Mohammed Hammad, Ayat Haymony, Bassel Hijazi, Bara Hmeidat, Rowaa Lahaseh, Aseel Qawasmi, Alaa Rajabi, Mohammed Shehada, Sundus Shkokani, Yasmine Yaghi, Nadine Yaghi, Mohammad AlZohour, Mohammad Farid, Yousef Mahmoud Habes, Wesam Juba, Yanal Nubani, Abdelrahman Rabee, Mohammad Sa'deh, Saeed Abed, Iyad Al basos, Mohammad Alswerki, Dina Ashour, Israa Awad, Samar Diab, Alaa El Jamassi, Sahar El-Kahlout, Somaya Elhout, Ahmed N K Hajjaj, Doaa Hasanain, Baraa Nabil hajjaj, Mohammed Obaid, Eman Saikaly, Ahmed Salhi, Hiba Al-Tammam, Murad Almasri, Muath Baniowda, Doha Beshtawi, Ali Horoub, Rami Misk, Bayan Mohammad, Rami Qasrawi, Tasnim Sholi, Samar Abu-Nimeh, Abrar Abu-srour, Sadi A. Abukhalaf, Samer Adawi, Barah Alsalameh, Kholoud Ayesh, Muawiyah Elqadi, Ahmad Hammouri, Fatima Karim Mustafa, Natalie Marzouqa, Shatha Melhem, Dima Miqdad, Balqees Mohamad, Mhammed Rawhi, Ayman B. Abu Ahammala, Ahmed Abu Ataya, Israa Abu Jayyab, Samar Al-Shwaikh, Othman Alagha, Mohammed Alasttal, Haneen Awadallah, Mahmood Elblbessy, Jehad Fares, Akram Jarbou, Ibtisam Mahfouz, Moath A. Albahnasawi, Asmaa' Abo mahadi, Hasan Abuelhatal, Ayham Abuelqomboz, Abdelrahman Almoqayyad, Abdallah Alwali, Reem Balaawi, Mahmoud Hamouda, Mohammed Humeid, Abdullah Jedyan, Tasneem Mahmoud Abu hamam, Ghadeer Matar, Ali Salem, Tahani Samra, Nureddin Shaheen, Karam Shihada, Ayoob A.Nemer, Mahmoud Abu Al Amrain, Abdulwhhab Abu Alamrain, Najlaa Abu Jamie, Mohammed R. Abu-Rous, Nada Alfarra, Mohammed AlTaweel, Noor Alwhaidi, Ramadan Hamed, Bader Saqqa, Ahmad Shaheen, Dana Aljaber, Loay Aljaberi, Malak Alwaheidi, Assef Jawaada, Hani Khaldi, Rami Qahoush, Jalil Qari, Rana Saadeh, Ahlam Salim, Aseel Yacoub, Abbas Abbas, Rana Abu shua`ib, Baraa Abu Zainah, Mahmoud AbuSirrees, Basheer Babaa, Ola Barhoush, Asef Belal qadomi, Laith Daraghmeh, Reema Haji, Alaa Khatatbeh, Lana Khatib, Salsabeel Qarariah, Yara Quzmar, Khalil Safadi, Roqaya Salameh, Mohammad Hassan, Shifaa Herzallah, Loai Massad, Ahmed Nazzal, Ranin Nazzal, Dennis Escobar, Gustavo Miguel Machain V, Agustin Rodriguez Gonzalez, Jorge Emerson Chachaima Mar, Nathaly Olga Chinchihualpa Paredes, Vicente Cuba, Walter Lopez, Maria Milagros Niquen Jimenez, Nestor Alberto Sanchez Bartra, Olenka Sapallanay Ojeda, Diego Sequeiros, Andrea Toscano Pacheco, María Vergara, Sol Abarca, Rodrigo Alcorta, Giuliano Borda-Luque, Ivan Edward Eusebio Zegarra, Claudia Luján López, Mirella Marrufo, Cinthya Mogrovejo, Andrea Nomura, Yamile Rodríguez Angeles, Maitza Rosario Vidal Meza, Gabriela Zavala, José Neiser Castillo Arrascue, Jomara Caroline Hidrogo Cabrera, José Julio Mariano Larrea vera, Miguel Osorio, Edgar Alcides Ylatoma Díaz, Mark Anthony Fontanilla, Joseph Roy Fuentes, Anna Leah Salazar, Genieve Dominguez, Marc Paul Lopez, Shiela Macalindong, Mark Augustine Onglao, Arjel Ramirez, Marie Dione Sacdalan, Mayou Martin Tampo, Gemma Leonora Uy, Jeremiah Mangahas, Kenneth Yabut, Joannes Paul Cañete, Bernalynn Eris Cansana, Ernes John Castro, Maria Kaiserin Lipana, Manuel Francisco Roxas, Vlu Jean Zara, Maciej Chrol, Paula Franczak, Michal Orlowski, Piotr Budzynski, Andrzej Budzynski, Pawel Bury, Agata Czerwinska, Jadwiga Dworak, Jacek Dziedzic, Michal Kisielewski, Jan Kulawik, Anna Lasek, Piotr Malczak, Marcin Migaczewski, Michal Pedziwiatr, Magdalena Pisarska, Dorota Radkowiak, Mateusz Rubinkiewicz, Anna Rzepa, Tomasz Skoczylas, Maciej Stanek, Katarzyna Truszkiewicz, Mateusz Wierdak, Marek Winiarski, Piotr Zarzycki, Anna Zub-Pokrowiecka, Piotr Kowalewski, Rafal Roszkowski, Maciej Waledziak, Miguel Tomé, Sara Patrocinio, Ines Guerreiro, Filipe Almeida, Xavier de Sousa, Nuno Monteiro, Maria Teresa Costa Santos, Daniela de Oliveira, Marta Lopes Serra, Daniela Morgado, Christian Neves, Ana Carolina Oliveira, Alice Pimentel, Sofia Silva, Márcia Carvalho, Lúcia Carvalho, Joana Magalhães, Leonor Matos, Tânia Monteiro, Carlota Ramos, Vanessa Santos, José Barbosa, Jose Costa-Maia, Vítor Devezas, Ana Fareleira, Cristina Fernandes, Diana Gonçalves, Henrique Mora, Marina Morais, Fabiana Silva de Sousa, Sara Catarino Santos, Ana Logrado, André Tojal, Edgar Amorim, Miguel F. Cunha, Ana Fazenda, João Pedro Melo Neves, Inês Isabel Sampaio da Nóvoa Gomes Miguel, Diogo Veiga, José Azevedo, Hugo Cardoso Louro, Mariana Leite, Maria Bairos Menezes, Bárbara Gama, Diana Brito, Marta Cristina Cruz Martins, André Graça e Magalhães, Ana Catarina Longras, Rita Lourenço, Diana Matos, Luis Castro, Filipa Policarpo, Joana Romano, Cristina Monteiro, Diogo Pinto, Marina Duarte, Sónia Fortuna Martins, Mariline Oliveira, Diogo Galvão, Lisandra Martins, Anaisa Silva, Viorel Taranu, Bárbara Vieira, Jessica Neves, Simone Oliveira, Hugo Ribeiro, Margarida Cinza, Rosa Felix, Arnaldo Machado, Joana Oliveira, Joana Patrício, Rita Pedroso de Lima, Mário Pereira, Miguel Rocha Melo, Cristina Velez, Alberto Abreu da Silva, Mariana Claro, Daniel Costa Santos, Andreia Ferreira, Hugo Capote, Daniela Rosado, Filipa Taré, Oriana Nogueira, Miguel Ângelo, José Miguel Baiao, Andreia Guimarães, João Marques, Miguel Nico Albano, Marta Silva, Ana Valente da Costa, Teresa Vieira Caroço, Sara Almeida Braga, Ines Capunge, Marta Fragoso, João Guimarães, Bruno Pinto, João Ribeiro, Miguel Angel, Guilherme Fialho, Monica Guerrero, Filipa Campos Costa, Diogo Cardoso, Vasco Cardoso, Magda Alves, Inês Estalagem, Tiago Louro, Cláudia Marques, Rita Martelo, Miguel Morgado, Rita Canotilho, Ana Margarida Correia, Pedro Martins, Mariana Peyroteo, João Gomes, Rita Monteiro, Manuela Romano, Daniela Macedo Alves, Rita Peixoto, Catarina Quintela, Maria João Jervis, Débora Melo, André Pacheco, Valter Paixão, Vera Pedro, Joana Pimenta, João Pimenta de Castro, Ana Rocha, Mircea Beuran, Cezar Ciubotaru, Bogdan Diaconescu, Sorin Hostiuc, Ionut Negoi, Bogdan Stoica, NA NA, Evgeny Anokhin, Georgy Kuznetsov, Giorgi Oganezov, Fedor Paramzin, Ekaterina Romanova, Valeryan Rutkovskii, Vasilii Rutkovskii, Mikhail Shushval, Mikhail Zabiyaka, Khasan Dzhumabaev, Valerii Ivanov, Zaman Mamedli, Sergey Achkasov, Artem Balkarov, Elnur Nabiev, Marat Nagudov, Evgeny Rybakov, Karina Saifutdinova, Oleg Sushkov, Lule Joseph, Isaac Ndayishimiye, Ntirenganya Faustin, Alphonse Zeta Mutabazi, Jean Paul Mvukiyehe, Vizir J.P Nsengimana, Carine Uwakunda, Mohammad Monir Abbas, Nouf Akeel, Murad Aljiffry, Kholoud Awaji, Ali Farsi, Ghader Jamjoum, Ahmad Khoja, Ashraf Maghrabi, Nadim Malibary, Mohammed Nassif, Abdulaziz Saleem, Abdullah Sultan, Wail Tashkandi, Hanaa Tashkandi, Nora Trabulsi, Mouhamadou Bachir Ba, Adja Coumba Diallo, Abdourahmane Ndong, Vladica Cuk, Uroš Jankovic, Sharon Zhiling Koh, Frederick Koh, Kuok Chung Lee, Kai Yin Lee, Sean Lee, Wei Qi Leong, Su Ann Lui, Prajwala Prakash, Jan Grosek, Gregor Norcic, Ales Tomazic, Nicolas Fitchat, Robert Jaich, Devorah Wineberg, Modise Zacharia Koto, Daniella Baiocchi, Damian Clarke, Christina Johanna Steenkamp, Sharon Bannister, Adam Boutall, Galya Chinnery, Anna Coccia, Angela Dell, Parveen Karjiker, Christo Kloppers, Nicholas Loxton, Tumi Mabogoane, Francois Malherbe, Eugenio Panieri, Shreya Rayamajhi, Tirsa van Wyngaard, Claire Warden, T E Madiba, Nivashen Pillay, Savannah Brooks, Charlise Kruger, Lisa Hannah Van Der Merwe, Ferhana Gool, Maahir Kariem, Heather Bougard, Nazmie Kariem, Fazlin Noor, Reantha Pillay, Leandi Steynfaardt, Lucía González González, José Miguel Marín Santos, Paula Martín-Borregón, Javier Martínez Caballero, Cristina Nevado García, Pastora Rodriguez Fraga, Gonzalo De Castro Parga, Maria Pilar Fernández Veiga, Lucía Garrido López, Hugo Infante Pino, Irene Lages Cal, Marta López Otero, Manuel Nogueira Sixto, Marta Paniagua García Señorans, Laura Rodríguez Fernández, Alejandro Ruano Poblador, Erika Rufo Crespo, Raquel Sanchez-Santos, Vincenzo Vigorita, Ester Alonso Batanero, Dorisme Asnel, Isabel Cifrian Canales, Elisa Contreras Saiz, Irene De Santiago Alvarez, Tamara Díaz Vico, Sebastian Fernandez Arias, Daniel Fernández Martínez, Carmen García Bernardo, Luis Joaquín García Flórez, Carmen Garcia Gutierrez, Manuel García Munar, Carlos Alberto Márquez Zorrilla Molina, Marta Merayo, José Luis Michi Campos, Maria Moreno Gijon, Jorge L. Otero-Diez, Jose Luis Rodicio Miravalles, Lorena Solar-Garcia, Aida Suárez Sánchez, Nuria Truan, Cristina Alejandre Villalobos, Yurena Caballero Díaz, Marta Jimenez, Dacil Montesdeoca, Antonio Navarro-Sánchez, Victor Vega, Juan Beltrán de Heredia, Zahira Gómez, Carlos Jezieniecki, Ana Patricia Legido Morán, Mario Montes-Manrique, Mario Rodriguez-Lopez, María Ruiz Soriano, Jeancarlos Trujillo Díaz, Andrea Vazquez Fernandez, Nuria Argudo, Miguel Pera, Laia Torrent Jansà, Melody García Domínguez, Ignacio Goded, Marta Roldón Golet, Issa Talal El-Abur, Alejandra Utrilla Fornals, Vanesa Zambrana Campos, Maria Del Mar Aguilar Martinez, Marina Bosch, Luis García-Catalá, Luis Sánchez-Guillén, Eva Artigau, Nuria Gomez Romeu, David Julià Bergkvist, Beatriz Espina Perez, Olga Morató, Carles Olona, Beatriz Diéguez, Alexander Forero-Torres, Manuel Losada, Segundo Gomez-Abril, Paula Gonzálvez, Rosario Martinez, Sergio Navarro Martínez, Carmen Payá-Llorente, Álvaro Pérez Rubio, Sandra Santarrufina Martinez, Juan Carlos Sebastián Tomás, Ramon Trullenque Juan, Alberto Gegúndez Simón, Paloma Maté, Maria Isabel Prieto-Nieto, Ines Rubio-Perez, Aitor Urbieta, Marina Vicario Bravo, David Abelló, Matteo Frasson, Alvaro Garcia-Granero, Alfredo Abad Gurumeta, Ane Abad-Motos, Elena Lucena-de Pablo, Beatriz Nozal, Javier Ripollés-Melchor, Rut Salvachúa, Esther Ferrero, Luis Garcia-Sancho Tellez, Antonio L. Picardo, Jose Alberto Rojo López, Laura Patricia Zorrilla Matilla, Carmen Cagigas Fernandez, Sonia Castanedo Bezanilla, José Estevez Tesouro, Maria Jose Fernandez-Diaz, Juan García Cardo, Marcos Gomez Ruiz, Erik Gonzalez-Tolaretxipi, Jaime Jimeno Fraile, Cristobal Poch, Montserrat Rodriguez-Aguirre, Noemí Troche Pesqueira, Maria Soledad Trugeda-Carrera, Javier de la Torre, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Eloy Espin-Basany, Martin Espinosa-Bravo, Clara Morales Comas, Eduardo Reyes Afonso, Joaquín Rivero Déniz, Christian Siso Raber, Mireia Verdaguer Tremolosa, Pramodh Chandrasinghe, Sumudu Kumarage, Nimeshi Wijekoon Arachchilage, Ahmed Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel, Mohammed A. Adam, Nina Blomme, Anders Thorell, Fredrik Wogensen, Andreas Älgå, Dhirar Ansarei, Fuat Celebioglu, Göran Heinius, Linda Nigard, Emil Pieniowski, Sandra Ahlqvist, Ida Björklund, Andreas Frånberg, Martina Håkansson, Karin Adamo, Oskar Franklin, Malin Sund, Rebecca Wiberg, Yvette Andersson, Abbas Chabok, Maziar Nikberg, Alexander Kugelberg, Claudia Canonica, Dimitrios Christoforidis, Fabrizio Fasolini, Paolo Gaffuri, Mauro Giuliani, Francesco Meani, Sotirios Georgios Popeskou, Silvia Pozza, Wiebke Wandschneider, Lorenz Peterer, Lukas Werner Widmer, Bernd Zimmermann, Panagiotis Bakoleas, Iris Chanousi, Lydia Charalampidou, Lukasz Filip Grochola, Franziska Heid, Sotirios Ntaoulas, Michail Outos, Georgios Peros, Hanna Podolska-Skoczek, Katharina Beate Reinisch, Christian Zielasek, Nicolas Demartines, Jérôme Gilgien, Amaniel Kefleyesus, Pénélope St-Amour, Arnaud Toussaint, Maryam Alhimyar, Bayan Alsaid, Amr Alyafi, Ahmad Alkhaledi, Basel Kouz, Ahmad Omarain, Yusra Al-Sabbagh, Haya Alkhatib, Samer Sara, Ahmad Alhaj, Aghyad Danial, Lama Kadoura, Sarah Maa Albared, Yamen Monawar, Louei Nahas, Barook Abd, Ahmad Saad, Habib Wakkaf, Hatem Bouzaiene, Montassar Ghalleb, Elif Akaydin, Ata Cem Akbaba, Onur Atakul, Ege Baltaci, Sevval Besli, Gökçen Burgu, Ulukan Cenal, Cansu de Muijnck, Hasan Can Demirkaya, Alper Dogruoz, Zeynep Ipek Gezer, Yasemin Gündogdu, Merve Kara, Hasan Kürsad Korkmaz, Gökalp Kagan Kurtoglu, Volkan Ozben, Berk Baris Ozmen, Ahmet Murat Pektas, Eda Kübra Sel, Nilüfer Yenidünya, Fuat Baris Bengur, Berke Mustafa Oral, Tahir Koray Yozgatli, Seymur Abdullayev, Mehmet Emin Gunes, Nuri Alper Sahbaz, Tuba Banaz, Kübra Kargici, Omer Faruk Kuyumcu, Erkan Yanikoglu, Merve Yesilsancak, Duygu Yilmaz, Melik Kagan Aktas, Ahmet Rencuzogullari, Arda Isik, Sezai Leventoglu, Ali Yalçinkaya, Osman Yüksel, Mustafa U Kalayci, Yasin Kara, Inanc Samil Sarici, Alp Akin, Gökçe nur Alemdag, Ekin Arslan, Bahadir Emre Baki, Muhammed Selim Bodur, Adnan Calik, Bahar Candas Altinbas, Irem 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Husain, Elspeth Murray, Ahmed Mustafa, Ashar Asif, Arya Gokul, Max Shah, Mabel Temisanren Akitikori, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sophie Davidson, Sinead McNally, Shamil Rupani, Fatema Juma, Sarah Catherine Mills, Laura Muirhead, Kate Sellars, Una Walsh, Oliver Warren, Alice Chambers, Richard Hunt, Stephen Boyce, Hannah Cornwall, Isabel Tol, Eleftherios Orestis Argyriou, Nicola Eardley, Meical Povey, Joanna M S Aithie, Ahmer Irfan, Mari-Claire McGuigan, Robert Starr, Craig Russell Warren, Jess Archibald, Georgia Kirby, Ivan Kisyov, Chun Kheng Khoo, Rachel Lee, Dana Photiou, Rowan Davis, Uday Prasad, P Zichu Yang, Jonathan Bird, Edmund Leung, Virginia Summerour, Chelise Currow, Jianshen Kiam, Gerald Jack Soon Tan, Anitha Muthusami, Ibifunke Pegba-Otemolu, Tomas Urbonas, Joseph Nunoo-Mensah, Edgaras Smolskas, Alex Boddy, Gianpiero Gravante, David Hunter, David Andrew, Amanda Koh, Amari Thompson, Lawrence Adams, Hollie A Clements, Kasun De Silva, Ogbonnia Ekpete, Seraj Haque, Scott Henderson, Bilal Ibrahim, Thummini Jayasinghe, Jennifer Livie, Keir Mailley, Gopikrishnan Nair, Daniel Tan, Caitlin Baggaley, Aleksander Dawidziuk, Bartosz Szyszka, Charlotte Barter, Nirav Gandhi, Karen Hassell, Samantha Hitchin, Jennett Kelsall, Eva Nagy, Ashrafun Nessa, Lisa Whisker, Fady Yanni, Mahmoud Ali, Deeksha Arora, Sunanda Hediwattege, Navam Kumarasinghe, Munir Rathore, Athula Tennakoon, Syed Mustafa Ali Ahmad, Oreoluwa Bajomo, Fahema Nadira, Valerio Celentano, Ewen Griffiths, Rama Santhosh Karri, Jason Kei Chak Mak, Michelle Pipe, Muhammad Iqbal Bhatti, Mohamed Rabie, Connor Boyle, David Hamilton, Aishath Mihuna, James Chean Khun Ng, Gary Nicholson, Agata Oliwa, Robert Pearson, Anna Rose, Shun Qi Yong, Catherine Boereboom, Michael Hanna, Catherine Walter, Thomas Samuel Greensmith, Rachel Mitchell, Eimear Monaghan, James Crawford, Susan Moug, James Blackwell, Hannah Boyd-Carson, Philip Herrod, Omar Al-Allaf, Miriam Beattie, Cameron Bullock, Shivang Burman, Gemma Clark, Nicolas Flamey, Oliver Flannery, Alexander Harding, Ben Kodiatt, Samuel Lawday, Shivani Mahapatra, Navin Mukundu Nagesh, Michael Ng, Dupinderjit Rye, Andrel Yoong, Laura Clark, Chris Deans, Monisha Edirisooriya, Emma Victoria Carrington, Tsz Lun Ernest Wong, Baasil Yusuf, Carla Chamberlain, Kathryn Duke, Elizabeth Kmiotek, Azel Botes, Natalie Condie, Timothy Schrire, Reena Shah, Iolo Thomas-Jones, Charlotte Yates, Natasha Anthony, Edward Matthews, Kapil Sahnan, James Tankel, Sally Tucker, Jasmine Winter Beatty, Paul Ziprin, William Duggan, Anastasia Kantartzi, Shruthi Sridhar, Rachel Alys Khaw, Prakhar Srivastava, Charlotte Underwood, Homero Alves do Canto Brum, Sharat Chopra, Laura Davis, Rebecca Hughes, Joshua Tulley, Justin Alberts, Thomas Athisayaraj, Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi, Kasim Ahmad, Claudia Chan, Gavin Chapman, Hannah Fleming, Benjamin Fox, Julia Grewar, Kate Hulse, Duncan Rutherford, Mackay Sinead, Scott Smith, Doug Speake, Peter G Vaughan-Shaw, Natasha Christodoulides, Simrit Kudhail, Matthew Welch, Syed Muhibullah Husaini, Simon Lambracos, Chikamuche Anyanwu, Rishi Suresh, Jimmy Scott Thomas, Elizabeth Gleeson, Rebecca Platoff, Areeba Saif, Zachary Enumah, Eric Etchill, Alodia Gabre-Kidan, Mitchell Bernstein, Francesco Maria Carrano, Joseph Connors, Patricio Lynn, Marcovalerio Melis, Elliot Newman, Deshka S Foster, Kenneth Perrone, Ashley Titan, Sarwat Ahmad, Andrea Chao M.D. Bafford, Marco Dal Molin, Nader Hanna, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Mark Hemmila, Lena Napolitano, Jane J Wong, Julia Chandler, Lauren Wood, Sherry Wren, Taylor Ottesen, Lucia You, Kristin Yu, María del pilar Arciénega Yañez, Martin Ferreira Fernandes, Daniel González, Santiago Cubas, María Catalina González, Vanessa Zubiaurre, Rodrigo Demolin, Nicolas Giroff, Pablo Sciuto, Maite Campos, Gabriela Rodríguez Cantera, Garg Deepika, Elliot Simuchimba, Anadi Bulaya, Chali Chibuye, Bright Chirengendure, Mary-Rose Kabale, Kizito Kabongo, James Munthali, Oliver Mweso, Francis Pikiti, James Otieno, Log Tung Lai, Brighid Blackman, Sophie Richards, Suren Subramaniam, Rafid Karim, Nathan Kok, Yanni Dion Lee, Shabina Ali, Aanjaneya Sinha, Robert Corrigan, Nicole Barnes, Florence Wong, Grace Dennis, Julia Jedamzik, Emil Phillips, Wivine Piette, Marie Van hentenryck, Houenoukpo Koco, Souliath Lawani, Mamo Woldu Kassa, Tainá Santos Bezerra, Petar Gribnev, Dobromir Dimitrov, Panche Krastev, Sovannarith Oum, Divine Tim Bonghaseh, Maryam Al Farsi, Nourah Alsharqawi, Veronica Acevedo, Andrea Carolina Castillo Barbosa, Felipe Giron, Jimmy Paul Leon Rodriguez, Darko Kucan, Damir Rosko, Neven Barsic, Domagoj Župan, Amgad Hegazi, Vendula Truncíková, Vladimir Fryba, Mostafa Mohamed, Ahmed Sultan, Ahmed Nagi, Abdallah Rashad Temerik, Mohamed Elemam Elshawy, Moustafa Ibrahim Mahmoud, Shrouk Omar, Mohamed Anwar, Tarek Rageh, Aya Elmokadem, Khaled Gaballa, Sandra Teppo, Antti Turunen, Pasi Pengermä, Quentin Ballouhey, Damien Bergeat, Ariane Weyl, Elisabeth Hain, Adam Gyedu, Edwin Yenli, Dorcas Osei-Poku, Vaia-Aliki Rompou, Athanasios Zoikas, Apostolos Gaitanidis, Georgios Koukis, Konstantinos Perivoliotis, Panagiotis Tavlas, Konstantinos Galanos-Demiris, George Zografos, Ioannis Karavokyros, Georgia Xanthopoulou, Eirini Iordanidou, Fernanda Ayau, Allan Garcia, Pekli Damján, Deepender Wason, Ashika B L, Ervandy Rangganata, Prerna Kamath, Donal B O'Connor, Margherita Pinto, Fabrizio Perrone, Francesca Paola Tropeano, Francesca Troilo, Daniela Bossi, Dario Scala, Lucrezia Pulitanò, Marcella Carella, Andrea Pietrabissa, Alice Gori, Giorgio Giraudo, Veronica De Simone, Alfio Alessandro Russo, Bartolomeo Braccio, Raed Al-Taher, Sarah Athamneh, Andrea Parker, Adnan Sawiee, Amina Kattia, Malik Salem, Osama Tababa, Zuhour Shaeeb, Vilius Syminas, Jonas Jurgaitis, Gyte Damuleviciene, Saulius Svagzdys, Narindra Njarasoa Mihaja Razafimanjato, Ling Chieng Loo, Ing Ching Tiong, Wan Farahiyah Wan Muhmad, Harinthiran Vijeyan, Teoh Li Ying, Gabriella Grech, Rodrigo Arrangoiz, Vania Brickelia Jimenez Ley, Daniel Arizpe, Elizabeth Lagunes Lara, Elizabeth Victoria Castro López, Jose Eaazim, Marije Gordinou de Gouberville, Vivian Bastiaenen, Simone Rottier, Fouad Nahab, Maria Yeonhee Ji, Mohammed Seyoji, Callistus Nwachukwu, Okechukwu Emeghara, Sayyid Egbunu Muhammed, Ayodeji Idowu, Olamiposi Sowemimo, Olakayode Ogundoyin, Oluwatosin Akande, Alexander Lott, Maliha Nadeem, Ahsan Ali Laghari, Asif Loya, Hassan Mushtaq, Muhammad Tariq Abdullah, Baseel Abuhilal, Mohammad Atawneh, Hamdan Hamdan, Belal Alhabil, Abedelrahman Srour, Ibrahim Mousa, Luis Da Silva Medina, Katarzyna Bartosiak, Pedro Ferreira, Vítor Francisco, Ricardo Lemos, Luísa Frutuoso, Sara Fernandes, Telma Fonseca, Jorge Pereira, Juan Rachadell, Ana Torre, Filipe Madeira Martins, Ana Cristina Carvalho, Joana Rodrigues Ferreira, Bruno Ribeiro da Silva, Helena Devesa, Ana Vieira, Inês Mónica, Margarida Amaro, Diogo Sousa, Marta Reia, João Louro, Ana Martins, Joaquina Dominguez, Inês Santos, Nuno Miguel Freitas Oliveira, José Carlos Pereira, Pedro Silva-Vaz, Ligia Freire, Ricardo Escrevente, Valentina Madalina Negoita, Dmitry Shakhmatov, Yves Nezerwa, Radosav Radulovic, Gareth Obery, Francois Viljoen, Tome Mendes, Antonio Suarez, Enrique Moncada, Maria Fernandez-Hevia, Carolina Curtis Martínez, Julia Maria Gil Garcia, Mariana González Zunzarren, Tarig Idris, Karolina Eklöv, Oskar Grahn, Leila Amin, Malin Blomqvist, Costanza Ajani, Rebecca Kraus, Nico Seeger, Melissa Willemin, Fadi Rayya, Mohammad Ayash, Raneem Msouti, Israa Kannas, Eias Abazid, Asil Esper, Skander Slim, Akil Serdar Kavcar, Erman Aytac, Ahmet Cem Dural, Ayse Ilker, Ismail Cem Eray, Eray Kurnaz, Saygin Altiner, Mustafa Deniz Tepe, Can Sahin, Evrim Savli, Aryon Innocent, Lilian Babirye, Andrii Diachenko, Vladislav Hordoskiy, Heather Curry, Charlene Yat Che Chau, Harry Robertson, Arin Mahmoud, Hannah Lennon, Lynette Loi, Emily Kirkham, Cameron McCann, Daniel Watts, Binay Gurung, Michael Wilson, Thomas Tribedi, Eleonora Garofalo, Baryab Zahra, Scott MacDonald, Ian Daniels, Nathan Ng, Shivun Khosla, James Olivier, Sum Yu Pansy Yue, Gayathri Suresh, Jack Wellington, Emmanuel Lorejo, Mafdi Mossaad, Madison Crutcher, Marjan Alimi, Ioana Baiu, Hossam Abdou, Alison Conway, Connor Peck, Mauro Andres Perdomo Perez, Stanley Zulu, Mildred Nakazwe, Sule Burger, Justine Davies, Rachel Donaldson, Chikwendu Ede, O James Garden, Chiapo Lesetedi, Charles Mabedi, Laura Magill, Felix Makinde Alakaloko, Alex Makupe, Mark Monahan, Soloman Mulira, Elmi Muller, Jospeh Musowoyo, Jean Léon Olory-Togbe, Tracey Roberts, Martin Smith, Viki Tayler, John Windsor, Raul Yepez, Sudha Sundar, Emmy Runigamugabo, Azmina Verjee, José Chen, Leonid Daya, Nouhaila El Aroussi, Valeria Farina, Tchianze Gnintedeme Olivier, Mauricio Gonzales Nacarino, Aamr Hammani, Sarah Honjo, Rebecca Jacobs, Hitomi Kimura, Mugisha Nkoronko, Jasson Javier Oscullo Yepez, Wei Pin Hung, Ankit Raj, Alina Romani Pozo, Muna Rommaneh, Samuel Chimbioputo Sassamela Fabiano, Camila Milagros Shiroma Gago, Abhishekh Srinivas, Chia-Yen Sung, Aswan Tai, Yener Cristyell Valle Aranda, Sara Venturini, Jean Wilguens Lartigue, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service de chirurgie, Knight S.R., Shaw C.A., Pius R., Drake T.M., Norman L., Ademuyiwa A.O., Adisa A.O., Aguilera M.L., Al-Saqqa S.W., Al-Slaibi I., Bhangu A., Biccard B.M., Brocklehurst P., Costas-Chavarri A., Chu K., Dare A., Elhadi M., Fairfield C.J., Fitzgerald J.E., Ghosh D., Glasbey J., van Berge Henegouwen M.I., Ingabire J.C.A., Kingham T.P., Lapitan M.C., Lawani I., Lieske B., Lilford R., Martin J., Mclean K.A., Moore R., Morton D., Nepogodiev D., Ntirenganya F., Pata F., Pinkney T., Qureshi A.U., Ramos-De la Medina A., Riad A., Salem H.K., Simoes J., Spence R., Smart N., Tabiri S., Thomas H., Weiser T.G., West M., Whitaker J., Harrison E.M., Gjata A., Modolo M.M., King S., Chan E., Nahar S.N., Waterman A., Vervoort D., Bedada A.G., De Azevedo B., Figueiredo A.G., Sokolov M., Barendegere V., Ekwen G., Agarwal A., Liu Q., Camilo Correa J., Malemo K.L., Bake J., Mihanovic J., Kuncarova K., Orhalmi J., Salem H., Teras J., Kechagias A., Arnaud A.P., Lindert J., Kalles V., Aguilera-Arevalo M.-L., Recinos G., Baranyai Z., Kumar B., Neelamraju Lakshmi H., Zachariah S.K., Alexander P., Kumar Venkatappa S., Pramesh C., Amandito R., Fleming C., Ansaloni L., Pellino G., Altibi A.M., Nour I., Hamdun I., Ghellai A.M., Venskutonis D., Poskus T., Zilinskas J., Malemia P., Tew Y.Y., Borg E., Ellul S., Wafqui F.Z., Borowski D.W., van Dalen A.S., Wells C., Adamou H., Ademuyiwa A., Adisa A., Soreide K., Al Saqqa S., Alser O., Tahboub H., Segovia Lohse H.A., Shu Yip S., Major P., Sampaio Soares A., Bratu M.R., Litvin A., Vardanyan A., Allen Ingabire J.C., Gudal A., Albati N., Juloski J., Rems M., Rayne S., Van Straten S., Moodley Y., Ortega Vazquez I., Ruiz-Tovar J., Senanayake K.J., Thalgaspitiya S.P.B., Omer O.A., Homeida A., Cengiz Y., Clerc D., Alshaar M., Bouaziz H., Altinel Y., Doe M., Freigofer M., Teasdale E., Kabariti R., Clements J.M., Ashfaq A., Azodo I., Wagner G., Trostchansky I., Maimbo M., Linyama D., Nina H., Zeko A., Fermani C.G., Villalobos S., Carballo F., Farina P., Guckenheimer S., Dickfos M., Ajmera A., Chong C., Gourlay R., Hussaini S., Lee Y.J., Majid A., Martin P., Miles R., Morris O.J., Phua J., Ridley W., Saluja T., Tan R.R., Teh J., Wells A., Arora B., Dollie Q., Ho D., Ma Y., Perera O.M., Truong A., Dawson A.C., Lim B., Pahalawatta U., Phan J., Woon-Shoo-Tong X.-M.S., Yeoh A., Charman L., Drane A., Laura S., Lo C.C.W., Mozes A., Poon R., Tan H.H., Wall E., Chopra P., De Giovanni J., Dhital B., Draganic B., Duller A., Gani J., Goh Y.K., Jeong J.Y., McManus B., Nagappan P., Pockney P., Rugendyke A., Sarrami M., Smith S., Wills V., Wong H.V., Ye G., Zhang G., Brooker E., Feng D., Lau B., Ngai C., Birks S., Gyorki D., Otero de Pablos J., Abbosh A., Gillespie C., Mahmoud A., Kwan B., Lawson J., Warwick A., Bingham J., Cockbain A.J., Dudi-Venkata N.N., Ellaby-Hall J., Finlay B., Humphries E., Pisaniello J., Pisaniello M., Salih S., Sammour T., Abd Wahab H.H., De Silva A., Hayward N., Iyer K., Maddern G., Prevost G.A., Annapureddy N., Settipalli K.P., Yeo J., Hempenstall L., Pham L., Purcell S., Talavera C., Vaska A.I., Chaggar G., Chrapko P., Cocco A., Coulter-Nile S.M.C.J., Ctercteko G., French J., Gong H., Gosselink M., Jegathees T., Jin I., Kalachov M., Kiefhaber K., Lee K., Luong J., Phan S., Pleass H., Veale K., Zeng Z., Au A., DeBiasio A., Deng I., Myooran J., Nair A., Stewart P., Stift A., Unger L.W., Wimmer K., Ahmed N., Hasan S., Rahman S., O'Shea M., Padmore G., Peters A., Perduca P., Pulcina G., Tinton N., Buxant F., Dabin E., Garofalo G., Dossou F., Gnangnon F.H.R., Imorou Souaibou Y., Motlaleselelo P., Tlhomelang O., Lima Buarque I., Mendonca Ataide Gomes G., Vieira Barros A., Batashki I., Damianov N., Stoyanov V., Dardanov D., Maslyankov S., Petkov P., Todorov G., Zhivkov E., Akisheva A., Castilla Moreno M.A., Genov G., Ilieva I., Ivanov T., Karamanliev M., Khan A., Mitkov E., Yotsov T., Atanasov B., Belev N., Slavchev M., Nsengiyumva C., Jones E., Stock S., Kyota S., Brown J., Mabanza K. T., Nigo Samuel L., Otuneme C., Prosper N., Umenze F., Boutros M., Caminsky N., Dumitra S., Garfinkle R., Morency D., Salama E., Banks A., Ferri L., He H., Katz A., Liberman A.S., Meterissian S., Pang A., Parvez E., Hameed U., Osman F., Sequeira S., Coburn N., Jaffer A., Karanicolas P., Mosseler M., Musselman R., Liu X., Yip C.W., Garces-Otero J.S., Guzman C., Sierra S., Uribe Valencia A., Cabrera Rivera P.A., Camelo S., Gonzalez A., Gonzalez-Orozco A., Mosquera Paz M.S., Perez Rivera C.J., Gonzalez F., Isaza-Restrepo A., Nino- Torres L., Arias Madrid N., Mendoza Arango M.C., Tsandiraki J., Jemendzic D., Kocman B., Suman O., Canic R., Jurisic D., Karakas I., Krizanovic Rupcic A., Pitlovic V., Samardzic J., Kopljar M., Bacic I., Domini E., Karlo R., Miljanic D., Simic A., Ahmed M., Al Nassrallah M., Altaf R., Amjad T., Eltoum R., Haidar H., Hassan A., Khalil O., Qasem M., Ramesh R., Sajith G., Wisal M., Zatecky J., Bujda M., Jirankova K., Paclik A., Abdallah A., Abdulgawad Almogy M., Ayman El-sawy E., ElFayoumy A.M., Elghareeb N., Esmat N.A., Fadel A., Habater A., Hamdy H., Hefni A., Kamal M., Mohamed Abobakr N., Sayed A., Shaker N., Taha E., Tharwat H., Zakaria O., Abdelmotaleb I., Al-Dhufri A., Al-Himyari H.S., El sheikh E., Eldmaty A., Elkhalawy A., M.Elkhashen A., Magdy K., Mostafa S., Sadia H.D., Saleh M.M., Samir D., Yahia Mohamed Ali M., A. Nassar M., Abdelhady S., Abdelrazek A., Abdelsalam I., El-Sawy A., Essam E., Gadelkarim M., Ghaly K., Hassabalnaby M., Masarani R., Mohamed Shaaban N., Sabry A., Salem M., Soliman N.A., Zahran D., Abou El.soud M.R., Badr E.T., Borham H., Elmeslemany N., Elsayed M., Elsherif F., Eslam S., Gaber G., Ibrahim S., Kamh Y., Mohamed S.G., Morshedy E., Omar C., Salem Soliman F., Abdelkawy S., Abdelmohsen N., Abdelshakour M., Dahy A., Gamal N., Gamal M., Hasan A., Hetta H., Mousa N., Omar M., Rabie S., Saad M., Saleh B., Sayed Mohamed M., Shawqi M., Abdelhady Mousa H., Alnoury M., Elbealawy M., Elshafey A., Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed M., Ghonaim M., Hgag F., Ibrahim M., Morsy M., Reda Loaloa M., Refaat A., Samir H., Shahien F., Sobhy M., Sroor F., Abdellatif E., Adel M., Afifi A.A., Afifi E., Antaky M., Dawoud A., El Zoghby N., El-remaily A., Elzanfaly A.A., Gadallah A., Gamal F.A., Hashem O., Medhat Youssef S., Muhammad Attyah A., Munir M., Shazly O., Wilson K., Adel S., Ali A., Eid E., Elhelow E., Elmahdy M., Elshatby B., Hossam el-din Zakaria A., Hossny A., Ibrahim E., M.Yonis A., Metwalli M., Yousry B., Zid E., A Yacoub M., Abdelhakim A., Abouelsoad N., Alkhatib M., Ashraf A., Elazab Y., Elfanty M., Elkabir O., Elshimy A., Elsobky H., Eskander J., Gad A., Hamsho W., Khaled Abdelwahed N., Magdy M., Moharam D., Osama A., Ramadan S., Roum R., Sayed T., Shehada T., Zidan A.M., Abbas K., Attia M., Balata M., El Nakeeb A., Elewaily M.I.E., Elfallal A., Elfeki H., Elkhadragy A., Emile S., Ezzat H., Hosni H., Mansour I., Omar W., Othman G., Sadek K., Shalaby M., Shehab-Eldeen N., Anas khalifa R., Badr H., Eldeep M., Eldeep A., Eldoseuky mohammed A., Khallaf S., Magdy Hegazy E., Mahmoud R., Mikhail P., Morsi M., Mowafy S., Raafat D., Safy A., Sera M., Sera A.S., AbdAllah M.S.M., Abdelkader M., Abdou A.O., Ahmed A., Gaafar S., Ibrahim negm F., Lapic M., Maher A., Mahmoud H., Mostafa A., Samir M., Samy F., Semeda N., Shalaby H.I., El-taweel A., Galal Elnagar A., Hemidan A.G., Hussein M., Kandil A.A., Moawad M., Nasser Hamamah A.A., Soliman M., Abdelkhalek M., Abdelmaksoud Tawakel N., Abdelwahed A.M., Abdou A., Atallah K., Elsherbeny M.Y., Emara E., Hamdy M., Hamdy O., Haron A., Ismail S., Metwally I.H., Mohamed Hamed Elgaml N., Nassar A., Refky B., Sadek M., Saleh M., Yunes A., Zakaria M., Zuhdy M., Fayed N., Mohammed M.M.H., Kutner S., Melnik P., Seire I., Umarik T., Ainoa E., Eerola V., Koppatz H., Koskenvuo L., Sallinen V., Takala S., Katunin J., Turunen A., Christou N., Mathonnet M., Lavoue V., Nyangoh Timoh K., Soulabaille L., Lesourd R., Merdrignac A., Sulpice L., Andre B., Chantalat E., Vaysse C., Dousset B., Gaujoux S., Martin G., Clonda O., Juodis D., Kienle K., Mravik A., Palmer S., Szabadhegyi G., Agbeko A.E., Gyabaah S., Gyamfi F.E., Naabo N., Owusu senior A., Yorke J., Owusu F., Abantanga F., Anyomih T.T.K., Muntaka A.-J.M., Owusu Abem E., Sheriff M., Wondoh P.M., Balalis D., Korkolis D., Gkiokas G., Pantiora E., Theodosopoulos T., Ioannidis A., Konstantinidis K., Konstantinidou S., Machairas N., Paspala A., Prodromidou A., Chouliaras C., Papadopoulos K., Baloyiannis I., Mamaloudis I., Tzovaras G., Akrida I., Argentou M.-I., Germanos S., Iliopoulos E., Maroulis I., Skroubis G., Theofanis G., Chatzakis C., Ioannidis O., Loutzidou L., Karathanasis P., Michalopoulos N., Theodoropoulos C., Theodorou D., Triantafyllou T., Garoufalia Z., Hasemaki N., Kontos M., Kouraklis G., Kykalos S., Liakakos T., Mpaili E., Papalampros A., Schizas D., Syllaios A., Tampaki E.C., Tsimpoukelis A., Antonopoulou M.I., Deskou E., Manatakis D.K., Papageorgiou D., Zoulamoglou M., Anthoulakis C., Margaritis M., Nikoloudis N., Campo V., Ceballos A., Flores M.-A., Giron W., Ko D., Martinez G., Rivera Lara V., Rueda N., Sanchez A., Tejeda Garrido J.C.G., Alvarez Rivera A.E., Bamaca Ixcajoc E.B., Barreda Zelaya L.E., Chacon-Herrera P., Corea Ruiz L.M., Echeverria-Davila G., Garcia M., Garcia D., Gutierrez Mayen E.F., Jose N., Mazariegos N., Mendez D., Paniagua Espinoza M., Bardos D., Benke M., Illes K., Kokas B.A., Szabo R., Appukuttan A., Asok A., Vijaykumar D.K., Malik K., Ravishankaran P., Tapkire R., Moorthy G., Abraham J., Muthuvel R., Alapatt J., Kattepur A., Pareekutty N., Garod M., Harris C., Wanniang C., Gupta A., Nehra D., Parshad S., Acharya R., Badwe R., Bhandare M., Jain U., Kirti K., Nair N., Shrikhande S., Thakkar P., Anandan P., C S A., Holenarasipur Narasannaiah A., Jagarlamudi T., M R R., Manangi M., Raghavendra A., Rao K.S., S V., Sajjan V., Shenoy A., Shivashankar Chikkanayakanahalli S., Tharanath K., V S., Adidharma P., Agarwal R., Anggita Gultom P., Arifin G.R., Billy M., Elfizri Z., Fahira A., Felicia D., Gunardi T.H., Johanna N., Nugrahadi N.R., Panigoro S.S., Rahmayanti S., Sihotang R.C., Brata S.Y., Winoto H., Barati N., Karami M., Khorshidi H., Naderifar H., Abdulla M.A., Coleman M., Doherty R.J., Hannon R., Murphy B., Stakelum A., Winter D., Aljohmani L., Farnan R., Seldon Y., Tan T., Varghese S., Alherz M., Ather M., Bajilan M., Graziadei V., Pilkington I., Quidwai O., Ridgway P., Shiwani H., Tahir A.A.-R., Blunnie E., Burke D., Kennedy N., Macdonagh K., O'Neill M., Rooney S., Falco G., Ferrari G., Mele S., Nita G.E., Ugoletti L., Zizzo M., Confalonieri G., Pesenti G., Tagliabue F., Baronio G., Ongaro D., Pata G., Compagnoni B., Salvadori R., Taglietti L., D'Alessandro N., Di Lascio P., Pascale G., Bortolasi L., Campagnaro T., Carlini M., Lisi G., Lombardi D., Pedrazzani C., Spoletini D., Turri G., Violi P., Altomare D.F., Aquilino F., Musa N., Papagni V., Picciariello A., Vincenti L., Andreotti D., Occhionorelli S., Tondo M., Basso S.M.M., Cirelli R., Maino M.E.M., Piozzi G.N., Picone E., Scaramuzzo R., Sinibaldi G., Amendola A., Anastasio L., Bucci L., Caruso E., Castaldi A., Di Maso S., Dinuzzi V.P., Esposito G., Gaudiello M., Giglio M.C., Greco P.A., Luglio G., Manfreda A., Marra E., Mastella F., Pagano G., Peltrini R., Pepe V., Sacco M., Sollazzo V., Spiezio G., Cianchetti E., Menduni N., Carvello M.M., Di Candido F., Spinelli A., Corsi F., Sorrentino L., Marino F., Asti E.L.G., Bonavina L., Rausa E., Asta M., Belli A., Bianco F., Cervone C., Delrio P., Falato A., Fares Bucci A., Guarino R., Pace U., Rega D., De Luca E., Gallo G., Sammarco G., Sena G., Vescio G., Santandrea L., Ugolini G., Zattoni D., Chetta N., Logrieco G., Vanella S., Garulli G., Zanini N., Bondurri A., Cammarata F., Colombo F., Foschi D., Lamperti G.M.B., Maffioli A., Sampietro G.M., Yakushkina A., Zaffaroni G., Cicuttin E., Sibilla M.G., Impellizzeri H., Inama M., Moretto G., Mochet S., Ponte E., Usai A., Mancini S., Sagnotta A., Solinas L., Bolzonaro E., Tamini N., Curletti G., Galleano R., Malerba M., Campanella S., Cocorullo G., Colli F., De Marco P., Falco N., Fontana T., Kamdem Mambou L.J., La Brocca A., Licari L., Randisi B., Rizzo G., Rotolo G., Salamone G., Tutino R., Venturelli P., Malabarba S., Sgro A., Vella I., Cirillo B., Crocetti D., De Toma G., Lapolla P., Mingoli A., Sapienza P., Belvedere A., Bianchini S., Binetti M., Birindelli A., Tonini V., Podda M., Pulighe F., De Rosa M., Bono L., Borghi F., Geretto P., Giuffrida M.C., Lauro C., Marano A., Pellegrino L., Salusso P., Sasia D., Campanelli M., Realis Luc A., Trompetto M., Cardia R., Cillara N., Giordano A.N., Costanzo A., Giovilli M.A., Turati L., Canonico S., Sciaudone G., Selvaggi F., Selvaggi L., Albsoul N., AlBsoul A., Alkhatib A.A., Alsallaq O., Amarin J.Z., Ayoub R., Bsisu I., El Muhtaseb M.S., Jabaiti M., Melhem J., Qwaider Y.Z., Salameh M.H., Suleihat A., Suradi H.H., Alammarin M., Aljaafreh A., Bani hani M., Bani hani Z., Bani Hani F., Fahmawee T., Hamouri S., Katanani C., Tawalbeh R., Tawalbeh T., Zawahrah H., Abou Chaar M.K., Abusalem L., Al-Masri M., Al-Najjar H., Barghuthi L., Ahmed Z., Maulana A., Ngotho O., Kamau C., Stanley Mwenda A., Bosire F., Mwachiro E., Parker R., Simel I., Sylvester K., Althini A.A.M., Elbarouni S., Elbeshina A.E., Gwea A., Malek A., Masoud Farag W.A., Abdalei A., Abdel Malik A.B., Abo-khammash A., Abuhlaiga M., Adnan N., Albaggar M., Alfitory A., Aljanfi A., Almuzghi F., Altumei Z., Alzabti F., Ashoushan H., Assalhi M., Azzubia J., Bnhameida S., Delhen M., Elshafei H., Elteir H., Esbaga F., Gobbi A.A., Hamouda F., Hilan H., Ismail R., Jebran F., Kasbour M., Maderi G., Mohammad S., Mohammed B., Murtadi H., Mustafa H., Rajab M., Trenba S., Wafaa M., Al Sagheir E., Almigheerbi A., Alzahaf A., Bahroun S.G., Ben Dallah N., Elshaibani M., Eswaye H., Karar M., Omar S., Younes E., Younes M., Zreeg D., Abujamra S., Ashour F., Elgammudi M., Omar F. Aljadidi W., Saddouh E., Sharif R., Alabuzidi A., Alwerfally A., Aribi S., Bibas F., Elfaituri T., Elhajjaji Y., Khaled A., Khalil W., Layas T., Soula E., Tarek A., Abu hallalah M.F.K., Ahmed H.A., Alsharef T., Ben Saoud A.A., El Gharmoul T., Elhadi A., Elrais S., Shebani A., Zarti H., Zeiton A., Ambrazevicius M., Kaselis N., Stakyte M., Aliosin O., Cizauskaite A., Dailidenas S., Eismontas V., Kybransiene M., Nutautiene V., Samalavicius N., Simcikas D., Slepavicius A., Tamosiunas A., Ubartas N., Zeromskas P., Bradulskis S., Dainius E., Juocas J., Kubiliute E., Kutkevicius J., Opolskis A., Parseliunas A., Subocius A., Virbickaite E., Zuikyte D., Bogusevicius A., Buzaite K., Cepuliene D., Cesleviciene I., Cesna V., Gribauskaite J., Ignatavicius P., Jokubauskas M., Liugailaite M., Margelis E., Mazelyte R., Pankratjevaite L., Pazusis M., Rackeviciute A., Saladyte J., Skimelyte M., Slenfuktas V., Sudeikyte M., Tamelis A., Vanagas T., Zumbakys Z., Atkociunas A., Dulskas A., Kuliavas J., Birutis J., Paskevicius S., Satkauskas M., Danys D., Jakubauskas M., Jakubauskiene L., Kryzauskas M., Lipnickas V., Makunaite G., Rasoaherinomenjanahary F., Rasolofonarivo H., Samison L.H., Banda B., Msosa V., Ahmad Izzuddin A.I., Das A., Gan Y.Y., Shong Sheng T., Siaw J.Y., Ab Rahim M.F., Abang Jamari D.Z.H., Che Husin N., Kamarulzaman M.Y., Lim Y.P., Mohamed Kamil N.A., Mohd Hassan M.R., Mohd Sahid S., Mustafa J., Ng E.H.B., Wan Khazim W.K., Chang Ern N., Lingeshan P.G., Sulaiman S.E., Ang S.E., Bin Mohamad Sithik M.N., Cheong Y.J., Deva Tata M., Jia Xian L., Kadravello A., Koh I.-E., Ng L.-Y., Ng We Yong Y.J., Palayan K., Sam C.X., Siow Jin P., Tan Ern Hwei J., Tang Y., Ter A.Z., Wong M.P.-K., Zakaria A.D., Zakaria Z., Henry F., Kalaiselvan T., Abd Karim M.F.S., Abdul Aziz M.R., Abdul Aziz N., Khong T.L., Lau P.C., Lim H.C., Roslani A.C., Seak J.C.K., Wong S.-W., Wong L.F., Yeen Chin L., Anyanwu M.C., Busuttil Z., Calleja T., Chircop K.L., Cutajar R., Dimech A.M., Galea J., Gascon Perai K., Gatt R., Kelman L., Micallef E., Nwolu F., Sammut K., Thompson J., Warwicker S., Zammit M., Cordera F., Cruz Gonzalez E., Sanchez-Garcia J., Barbosa Camacho F.J., Barrera Lopez F.J., Zuloaga Fernandez del Valle C.J., Acosta E., Gonzalez Espinoza I.R., Moreno P., Cortes-Flores A.O., Fuentes Orozco C., Gonzalez Ojeda A., Corro Diaz Gonzalez S., Martinez L., Mosqueda Amador B., Novoa A., Olazo Espejo D.A., Jimenez A., Lopez Rosales F., Vanoye E.G., Garcia Gonzalez L.A., Miranda-Ackerman R.C., Solano-Genesta M., Alvarez-Cano A., Romero-Garza H.H., Medina-Franco H., Mejia-Fernandez L., Salgado-Nesme N., Vergara-Fernandez O., Gutierrez-Mota G.M., Hernandez Vera F.X., Llantada Lopez A., Morgan Villela G., Ramirez Padilla F.D.J., Tapia Marin W., Martinez Maldonado M., Sanchez Suarez R., Troche J.M., Benyaiche C., Outani O., Amine S., Benkabbou A., Majbar A.M., Mohsine R., Rafik A., Oung T., Tin M.M., Plarre P., Alberga A., Sluiter N., Tuynman J., Blok R., Comert D., Hompes R., Kalff M., Stellingwerf M.E., Tanis P., van Berge Henegouwen M., van Praag E.M., Wisselink D., Gerhards M., Lopes Cardozo J., Westerduin E., de Jonge J., van Geloven A., van Schilt K., den Boer F., Stoots S., Vlek S., Adams J., Al-Busaidi I.S., Budd G., Choi S.I., Chu M.J.J., Ganugapati A., McKinstry L., Pascoe R., Richards S., Rosser K., Stevenson A., White R., Farik S., Kwun J., Murad A., Cowan S., Hall T., Hayton M., Malam Sani L., Oumarou Garba S., Amadou Magagi I., Habou O., Aliyu H., Daniyan M., Sholadoye T.T., Abdullahi L., Anyanwu L.-J., Mohammad Mohammad A., Muhammad A.B., Sheshe A.A., Suleiman I., Adesina A., Awolowo A., Onuoha C., Salami O., Taiwo O., Taiwo A., Kache S., Makama J.G., Sale D., Abiola O., Ajao A., Ajiboye A., Etonyeaku A., Olaogun J., Adebanjo A., Adesanya O., Afolayan M.O., Balogun O., Makanjuola A., Nwokocha S., Ojewola R.W., Olajide T.O., Aderounmu A., Adesunkanmi A.-R., Agbakwuru A., Akeem Aderogba A., Alatise O.I., Arowolo O., Lawal O., Mohammed T., Ndegbu C., Olasehinde O., Wuraola F., Akinkuolie A., Mosanya A., Ayandipo O., Elemile P., Lawal T.A., Ali SANI S., Garba S., Hauwa SANI R., Olori S., Onyebuashi H., Umoke I., Adenuga A., Adeyeye A., Habeeb O., Lawal B., Nasir A., Aahlin E.K., Kjonas D., Myrseth E., Abbasy J., Alvi A., Saleem O., Afzal A., Nazir A., Farooq M., Liaqat A., Naqi S.A., Raza A., Sarfraz M., Sarwar M., Banglani M., Munir A., Sehrish R., Ayub B., Sayyed R., Altaf A., Ayub S., Saeed K., Syed B., Akbar S.A., Anwer A.W., Khan R.N., Khan A.I., Khattak S., Mohtasham S., Parvaiz M.A., Syed A.A., Ansari A.B., Shahzad N., Khaliq T., Rashid I., Waqar S.H., Abu Al-saleem H., Abu Alqumboz A., Alqadi M., Amro A., Assa R., Awesat E., Ayyad R., Hammad M., Haymony A., Hijazi B., Hmeidat B., Lahaseh R., Qawasmi A., Rajabi A., Shehada M., Shkokani S., Yaghi Y., Yaghi N., AlZohour M., Farid M., Habes Y.M., Juba W., Nubani Y., Rabee A., Sa'deh M., Abed S., Al basos I., Alswerki M., Ashour D., Awad I., Diab S., El Jamassi A., El-Kahlout S., Elhout S., Hajjaj A.N.K., Hasanain D., Nabil hajjaj B., Obaid M., Saikaly E., Salhi A., Al-Tammam H., Almasri M., Baniowda M., Beshtawi D., Horoub A., Misk R., Mohammad B., Qasrawi R., Sholi T., Abu-Nimeh S., Abu-srour A., Abukhalaf S.A., Adawi S., Alsalameh B., Ayesh K., Elqadi M., Hammouri A., Karim Mustafa F., Marzouqa N., Melhem S., Miqdad D., Mohamad B., Rawhi M., Abu Ahammala A.B., Abu Ataya A., Abu Jayyab I., Al-Shwaikh S., Alagha O., Alasttal M., Awadallah H., Elblbessy M., Fares J., Jarbou A., Mahfouz I., Albahnasawi M.A., Abo mahadi A., Abuelhatal H., Abuelqomboz A., Almoqayyad A., Alwali A., Balaawi R., Hamouda M., Humeid M., Jedyan A., Mahmoud Abu hamam T., Matar G., Salem A.L., Samra T., Shaheen N., Shihada K., A.Nemer A., Abu Al Amrain M., Abu Alamrain A., Abu Jamie N., Abu-Rous M.R., Alfarra N., AlTaweel M., Alwhaidi N., Hamed R., Saqqa B., Shaheen A., Aljaber D., Aljaberi L., Alwaheidi M., Jawaada A., Khaldi H., Qahoush R., Qari J., Saadeh R., Salim A., Yacoub A., Abbas A., Abu shua'ib R., Abu Zainah B., AbuSirrees M., Babaa B., Barhoush O., Belal qadomi A., Daraghmeh L., Haji R., Khatatbeh A., Khatib L., Qarariah S., Quzmar Y., Safadi K., Salameh R., Hassan M., Herzallah S., Massad L., Nazzal A., Nazzal R., Escobar D., Machain V G.M., Rodriguez Gonzalez A., Chachaima Mar J.E., Chinchihualpa Paredes N.O., Cuba V., Lopez W., Niquen Jimenez M.M., Sanchez Bartra N.A., Sapallanay Ojeda O., Sequeiros D., Toscano Pacheco A., Vergara M., Abarca S., Alcorta R., Borda-Luque G., Eusebio Zegarra I.E., Lujan Lopez C., Marrufo M., Mogrovejo C., Nomura A., Rodriguez Angeles Y., Vidal Meza M.R., Zavala G., Castillo Arrascue J.N., Hidrogo Cabrera J.C., Larrea vera J.J.M., Osorio M., Ylatoma Diaz E.A., Fontanilla M.A., Fuentes J.R., Salazar A.L., Dominguez G., Lopez M.P., Macalindong S., Onglao M.A., Ramirez A., Sacdalan M.D., Tampo M.M., Uy G.L., Mangahas J., Yabut K., Canete J.P., Cansana B.E., Castro E.J., Lipana M.K., Roxas M.F., Zara V.J., Chrol M., Franczak P., Orlowski M., Budzynski P., Budzynski A., Bury P., Czerwinska A., Dworak J., Dziedzic J., Kisielewski M., Kulawik J., Lasek A., Malczak P., Migaczewski M., Pedziwiatr M., Pisarska M., Radkowiak D., Rubinkiewicz M., Rzepa A., Skoczylas T., Stanek M., Truszkiewicz K., Wierdak M., Winiarski M., Zarzycki P., Zub-Pokrowiecka A., Kowalewski P., Roszkowski R., Waledziak M., Tome M., Patrocinio S., Guerreiro I., Almeida F., de Sousa X., Monteiro N., Costa Santos M.T., de Oliveira D., Lopes Serra M., Morgado D., Neves C., Oliveira A.C., Pimentel A., Silva S., Carvalho M., Carvalho L., Magalhaes J., Matos L., Monteiro T., Ramos C., Santos V., Barbosa J., Costa-Maia J., Devezas V., Fareleira A., Fernandes C., Goncalves D., Mora H., Morais M., Silva de Sousa F., Catarino Santos S., Logrado A., Tojal A., Amorim E., Cunha M.F., Fazenda A., Melo Neves J.P., Sampaio da Novoa Gomes Miguel I.I., Veiga D., Azevedo J., Cardoso Louro H., Leite M., Bairos Menezes M., Gama B., Brito D., Cruz Martins M.C., Graca e Magalhaes A., Longras A.C., Lourenco R., Matos D., Castro L., Policarpo F., Romano J., Monteiro C., Pinto D., Duarte M., Fortuna Martins S., Oliveira M., Galvao D., Martins L., Silva A., Taranu V., Vieira B., Neves J., Oliveira S., Ribeiro H., Cinza M., Felix R., Machado A., Oliveira J., Patricio J., Pedroso de Lima R., Pereira M., Rocha Melo M., Velez C., Abreu da Silva A., Claro M., Costa Santos D., Ferreira A., Capote H., Rosado D., Tare F., Nogueira O., Angelo M., Baiao J.M., Guimaraes A., Marques J., Nico Albano M., Silva M., Valente da Costa A., Vieira Caroco T., Almeida Braga S., Capunge I., Fragoso M., Guimaraes J., Pinto B., Ribeiro J., Angel M., Fialho G., Guerrero M., Campos Costa F., Cardoso D., Cardoso V., Alves M., Estalagem I., Louro T., Marques C., Martelo R., Morgado M., Canotilho R., Correia A.M., Martins P., Peyroteo M., Gomes J., Monteiro R., Romano M., Alves D.M., Peixoto R., Quintela C., Jervis M.J., Melo D., Pacheco A., Paixao V., Pedro V., Pimenta J., Pimenta de Castro J., Rocha A., Beuran M., Ciubotaru C., Diaconescu B., Hostiuc S., Negoi I., Stoica B., NA N.A., Anokhin E., Kuznetsov G., Oganezov G., Paramzin F., Romanova E., Rutkovskii V., Shushval M., Zabiyaka M., Dzhumabaev K., Ivanov V., Mamedli Z., Achkasov S., Balkarov A., Nabiev E., Nagudov M., Rybakov E., Saifutdinova K., Sushkov O., Joseph L., Ndayishimiye I., Faustin N., Mutabazi A.Z., Mvukiyehe J.P., Nsengimana V.J.P., Uwakunda C., Abbas M.M., Akeel N., Aljiffry M., Awaji K., Farsi A., Jamjoum G., Khoja A., Maghrabi A., Malibary N., Nassif M., Saleem A., Sultan A., Tashkandi W., Tashkandi H., Trabulsi N., Ba M.B., Diallo A.C., Ndong A., Cuk V., Jankovic U., Koh S.Z., Koh F., Lee K.C., Lee K.Y., Lee S., Leong W.Q., Lui S.A., Prakash P., Grosek J., Norcic G., Tomazic A., Fitchat N., Jaich R., Wineberg D., Koto M.Z., Baiocchi D., Clarke D., Steenkamp C.J., Bannister S., Boutall A., Chinnery G., Coccia A., Dell A., Karjiker P., Kloppers C., Loxton N., Mabogoane T., Malherbe F., Panieri E., Rayamajhi S., van Wyngaard T., Warden C., Madiba T.E., Pillay N., Brooks S., Kruger C., Van Der Merwe L.H., Gool F., Kariem M., Bougard H., Kariem N., Noor F., Pillay R., Steynfaardt L., Gonzalez Gonzalez L., Marin Santos J.M., Martin-Borregon P., Martinez Caballero J., Nevado Garcia C., Rodriguez Fraga P., De Castro Parga G., Fernandez Veiga M.P., Garrido Lopez L., Infante Pino H., Lages Cal I., Lopez Otero M., Nogueira Sixto M., Paniagua Garcia Senorans M., Rodriguez Fernandez L., Ruano Poblador A., Rufo Crespo E., Sanchez-Santos R., Vigorita V., Alonso Batanero E., Asnel D., Cifrian Canales I., Contreras Saiz E., De Santiago Alvarez I., Diaz Vico T., Fernandez Arias S., Fernandez Martinez D., Garcia Bernardo C., Garcia Florez L.J., Garcia Gutierrez C., Garcia Munar M., Marquez Zorrilla Molina C.A., Merayo M., Michi Campos J.L., Moreno Gijon M., Otero-Diez J.L., Rodicio Miravalles J.L., Solar-Garcia L., Suarez Sanchez A., Truan N., Alejandre Villalobos C., Caballero Diaz Y., Jimenez M., Montesdeoca D., Navarro-Sanchez A., Vega V., Beltran de Heredia J., Gomez Z., Jezieniecki C., Legido Moran A.P., Montes-Manrique M., Rodriguez-Lopez M., Ruiz Soriano M., Trujillo Diaz J., Vazquez Fernandez A., Argudo N., Pera M., Torrent Jansa L., Garcia Dominguez M., Goded I., Roldon Golet M., Talal El-Abur I., Utrilla Fornals A., Zambrana Campos V., Aguilar Martinez M.D.M., Bosch M., Garcia-Catala L., Sanchez-Guillen L., Artigau E., Gomez Romeu N., Julia Bergkvist D., Espina Perez B., Morato O., Olona C., Dieguez B., Forero-Torres A., Losada M., Gomez-Abril S., Gonzalvez P., Martinez R., Navarro Martinez S., Paya-Llorente C., Perez Rubio A., Santarrufina Martinez S., Sebastian Tomas J.C., Trullenque Juan R., Gegundez Simon A., Mate P., Prieto-Nieto M.I., Rubio-Perez I., Urbieta A., Vicario Bravo M., Abello D., Frasson M., Garcia-Granero A., Abad Gurumeta A., Abad-Motos A., Lucena-de Pablo E., Nozal B., Ripolles-Melchor J., Salvachua R., Ferrero E., Garcia-Sancho Tellez L., Picardo A.L., Rojo Lopez J.A., Zorrilla Matilla L.P., Cagigas Fernandez C., Castanedo Bezanilla S., Estevez Tesouro J., Fernandez-Diaz M.J., Garcia Cardo J., Gomez Ruiz M., Gonzalez-Tolaretxipi E., Jimeno Fraile J., Poch C., Rodriguez-Aguirre M., Troche Pesqueira N., Trugeda-Carrera M.S., de la Torre J., Blanco-Colino R., Espin-Basany E., Espinosa-Bravo M., Morales Comas C., Reyes Afonso E., Rivero Deniz J., Siso Raber C., Verdaguer Tremolosa M., Chandrasinghe P., Kumarage S., Wijekoon Arachchilage N., Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel A., A. Adam M., Blomme N., Thorell A., Wogensen F., Alga A., Ansarei D., Celebioglu F., Heinius G., Nigard L., Pieniowski E., Ahlqvist S., Bjorklund I., Franberg A., Hakansson M., Adamo K., Franklin O., Sund M., Wiberg R., Andersson Y., Chabok A., Nikberg M., Kugelberg A., Canonica C., Christoforidis D., Fasolini F., Gaffuri P., Giuliani M., Meani F., Popeskou S.G., Pozza S., Wandschneider W., Peterer L., Widmer L.W., Zimmermann B., Bakoleas P., Chanousi I., Charalampidou L., Grochola L.F., Heid F., Ntaoulas S., Outos M., Peros G., Podolska-Skoczek H., Reinisch K.B., Zielasek C., Demartines N., Gilgien J., Kefleyesus A., St-Amour P., Toussaint A., Alhimyar M., Alsaid B., Alyafi A., Alkhaledi A., Kouz B., Omarain A., Al-Sabbagh Y., Alkhatib H., Sara S., Alhaj A., Danial A., Kadoura L., Maa Albared S., Monawar Y., Nahas L., Abd B., Saad A., Wakkaf H., Bouzaiene H., Ghalleb M., Akaydin E., Akbaba A.C., Atakul O., Baltaci E., Besli S., Burgu G., Cenal U., de Muijnck C., Demirkaya H.C., Dogruoz A., Gezer Z.I., Gundogdu Y., Kara M., Korkmaz H.K., Kurtoglu G.K., Ozben V., Ozmen B.B., Pektas A.M., Sel E.K., Yenidunya N., Bengur F.B., Oral B.M., Yozgatli T.K., Abdullayev S., Gunes M.E., Sahbaz N.A., Banaz T., Kargici K., Kuyumcu O.F., Yanikoglu E., Yesilsancak M., Yilmaz D., Aktas M.K., Rencuzogullari A., Isik A., Leventoglu S., Yalcinkaya A., Yuksel O., Kalayci M.U., Kara Y., Sarici I.S., Akin A., Alemdag G.N., Arslan E., Baki B.E., Bodur M.S., Calik A., Candas Altinbas B., Cihanyurdu I., Erkul O., Gul B., Guner A., Kose B., Semiz A., Sevim S., Tayar S., Tomas K., Tufek O.Y., Turkyilmaz S., Ulusahin M., Usta A., Yildirim R., Guler S.A., Tatar O.C., Varol E., Kirimtay B., Uysal M., Yildiz A., Kose E., Ciftci A.B., Colak E., Eraslan H., Kucuk G.O., Yemez K., Lule H., Bienfait M., Bua E., Okalany N., Basarab M., Bielosludtsev O., Kolhanova K., Perepelytsia K., Romanukha K., Savenkov D., Siryi S., Tereshchenko M., Viacheslav N., Volovetskyi A., Kebkalo A., Tryliskyy Y., Tyselskiy V., Bruce E., Chow B.L., Iddles E., McGuckin S., Newall N., Ramsay G., Sharma P., Stewart C., Wong J., Badran A., Bath M., Belais F., Butt E., Joshi K., Kapur M., Shaw M., Townson A., Williams C.Y.K., Gray T., Greig R., Husain M., Murray E., Mustafa A., Asif A., Gokul A., Shah M., Akitikori M.T., Charalabopoulos A., Davidson S., McNally S., Rupani S., Juma F., Mills S.C., Muirhead L., Sellars K., Walsh U., Warren O., Chambers A., Hunt R., Boyce S., Cornwall H., Tol I., Argyriou E.O., Eardley N., Povey M., Aithie J.M.S., Irfan A., McGuigan M.-C., Starr R., Warren C.R., Archibald J., Kirby G., Kisyov I., Khoo C.K., Lee R., Photiou D., Davis R., Prasad U., Yang P.Z., Bird J., Leung E., Summerour V., Currow C., Kiam J., Tan G.J.S., Muthusami A., Pegba-Otemolu I., Urbonas T., Nunoo-Mensah J., Smolskas E., Boddy A., Gravante G., Hunter D., Andrew D., Koh A., Thompson A., Adams L., Clements H.A., De Silva K., Ekpete O., Haque S., Henderson S., Ibrahim B., Jayasinghe T., Livie J., Mailley K., Nair G., Tan D., Baggaley C., Dawidziuk A., Szyszka B., Barter C., Gandhi N., Hassell K., Hitchin S., Kelsall J., Nagy E., Nessa A., Whisker L., Yanni F., Ali M., Arora D., Hediwattege S., Kumarasinghe N., Rathore M., Tennakoon A., Ali Ahmad S.M., Bajomo O., Nadira F., Celentano V., Griffiths E., Karri R.S., Mak J.K.C., Pipe M., Bhatti M.I., Rabie M., Boyle C., Hamilton D., Mihuna A., Ng J.C.K., Nicholson G., Oliwa A., Pearson R., Rose A., Yong S.Q., Boereboom C., Hanna M., Walter C., Greensmith T.S., Mitchell R., Monaghan E., Crawford J., Moug S., Blackwell J., Boyd-Carson H., Herrod P., Al-Allaf O., Beattie M., Bullock C., Burman S., Clark G., Flamey N., Flannery O., Harding A., Kodiatt B., Lawday S., Mahapatra S., Mukundu Nagesh N., Ng M., Rye D., Yoong A., Clark L., Deans C., Edirisooriya M., Carrington E.V., Wong T.L.E., Yusuf B., Chamberlain C., Duke K., Kmiotek E., Botes A., Condie N., Schrire T., Shah R., Thomas-Jones I., Yates C., Anthony N., Matthews E., Sahnan K., Tankel J., Tucker S., Winter Beatty J., Ziprin P., Duggan W., Kantartzi A., Sridhar S., Khaw R.A., Srivastava P., Underwood C., Alves do Canto Brum H., Chopra S., Davis L., Hughes R., Tulley J., Alberts J., Athisayaraj T., Olugbemi M., Ahmad K., Chan C., Chapman G., Fleming H., Fox B., Grewar J., Hulse K., Rutherford D., Sinead M., Speake D., Vaughan-Shaw P.G., Christodoulides N., Kudhail S., Welch M., Husaini S.M., Lambracos S., Anyanwu C., Suresh R., Thomas J.S., Gleeson E., Platoff R., Saif A., Enumah Z., Etchill E., Gabre-Kidan A., Bernstein M., Carrano F.M., Connors J., Lynn P., Melis M., Newman E., Foster D.S., Perrone K., Titan A., Ahmad S., Bafford A.C.M.D., Dal Molin M., Hanna N., Zafar S.N., Hemmila M., Napolitano L., Wong J.J., Chandler J., Wood L., Wren S., Ottesen T., You L., Yu K., Arcienega Yanez M.D.P., Ferreira Fernandes M., Gonzalez D., Cubas S., Gonzalez M.C., Zubiaurre V., Demolin R., Giroff N., Sciuto P., Campos M., Rodriguez Cantera G., Deepika G., Simuchimba E., Bulaya A., Chibuye C., Chirengendure B., Kabale M.-R., Kabongo K., Munthali J., Mweso O., Pikiti F., Otieno J., Lai L.T., Blackman B., Subramaniam S., Karim R., Kok N., Lee Y.D., Ali S., Sinha A., Corrigan R., Barnes N., Wong F., Dennis G., Jedamzik J., Phillips E., Piette W., Van hentenryck M., Koco H., Lawani S., Kassa M.W., Santos Bezerra T., Gribnev P., Dimitrov D., Krastev P., Oum S., Bonghaseh D.T., Al Farsi M., Alsharqawi N., Acevedo V., Castillo Barbosa A.C., Giron F., Leon Rodriguez J.P., Kucan D., Rosko D., Barsic N., Zupan D., Hegazi A., Truncikova V., Fryba V., Mohamed M., Nagi A., Rashad Temerik A., Elshawy M.E., Mahmoud M.I., Anwar M., Rageh T., Elmokadem A., Gaballa K., Teppo S., Pengerma P., Ballouhey Q., Bergeat D., Weyl A., Hain E., Gyedu A., Yenli E., Osei-Poku D., Rompou V.-A., Zoikas A., Gaitanidis A., Koukis G., Perivoliotis K., Tavlas P., Galanos-Demiris K., Zografos G., Karavokyros I., Xanthopoulou G., Iordanidou E., Ayau F., Garcia A., Damjan P., Wason D., B L A., Rangganata E., Kamath P., O'Connor D.B., Pinto M., Perrone F., Tropeano F.P., Troilo F., Bossi D., Scala D., Pulitano L., Carella M., Pietrabissa A., Gori A., Giraudo G., De Simone V., Russo A.A., Braccio B., Al-Taher R., Athamneh S., Parker A., Sawiee A., Kattia A., Tababa O., Shaeeb Z., Syminas V., Jurgaitis J., Damuleviciene G., Svagzdys S., Razafimanjato N.N.M., Chieng Loo L., Tiong I.C., Wan Muhmad W.F., Vijeyan H., Li Ying T., Grech G., Arrangoiz R., Jimenez Ley V.B., Arizpe D., Lagunes Lara E., Castro Lopez E.V., Eaazim J., Gordinou de Gouberville M., Bastiaenen V., Rottier S., Nahab F., Ji M.Y., Seyoji M., Nwachukwu C., Emeghara O., Muhammed S.E., Idowu A., Sowemimo O., Ogundoyin O., Akande O., Lott A., Nadeem M., Laghari A.A., Loya A., Mushtaq H., Abdullah M.T., Abuhilal B., Atawneh M., Hamdan H., Alhabil B., Srour A., Mousa I., Da Silva Medina L., Bartosiak K., Ferreira P., Francisco V., Lemos R., Frutuoso L., Fernandes S., Fonseca T., Pereira J., Rachadell J., Torre A., Madeira Martins F., Carvalho A.C., Rodrigues Ferreira J., Ribeiro da Silva B., Devesa H., Vieira A., Monica I., Amaro M., Sousa D., Reia M., Louro J., Martins A., Dominguez J., Santos I., Freitas Oliveira N.M., Pereira J.C., Silva-Vaz P., Freire L., Escrevente R., Negoita V.M., Shakhmatov D., Nezerwa Y., Radulovic R., Obery G., Viljoen F., Mendes T., Suarez A., Moncada E., Fernandez-Hevia M., Curtis Martinez C., Gil Garcia J.M., Gonzalez Zunzarren M., Idris T., Eklov K., Grahn O., Amin L., Blomqvist M., Ajani C., Kraus R., Seeger N., Willemin M., Rayya F., Ayash M., Msouti R., Kannas I., Abazid E., Esper A., Slim S., Kavcar A.S., Aytac E., Dural A.C., Ilker A., Eray I.C., Kurnaz E., Altiner S., Tepe M.D., Sahin C., Savli E., Innocent A., Babirye L., Diachenko A., Hordoskiy V., Curry H., Chau C.Y.C., Robertson H., Lennon H., Loi L., Kirkham E., McCann C., Watts D., Gurung B., Wilson M., Tribedi T., Garofalo E., Zahra B., MacDonald S., Daniels I., Ng N., Khosla S., Olivier J., Yue 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M., Galea, J., Gascon Perai, K., Gatt, R., Kelman, L., Micallef, E., Nwolu, F., Sammut, K., Thompson, J., Warwicker, S., Zammit, M., Cordera, F., Cruz Gonzalez, E., Sanchez-Garcia, J., Barbosa Camacho, F. J., Barrera Lopez, F. J., Zuloaga Fernandez del Valle, C. J., Acosta, E., Gonzalez Espinoza, I. R., Moreno, P., Cortes-Flores, A. O., Fuentes Orozco, C., Gonzalez Ojeda, A., Corro Diaz Gonzalez, S., Martinez, L., Mosqueda Amador, B., Novoa, A., Olazo Espejo, D. A., Jimenez, A., Lopez Rosales, F., Vanoye, E. G., Garcia Gonzalez, L. A., Miranda-Ackerman, R. C., Solano-Genesta, M., Alvarez-Cano, A., Romero-Garza, H. H., Medina-Franco, H., Mejia-Fernandez, L., Salgado-Nesme, N., Vergara-Fernandez, O., Gutierrez-Mota, G. M., Hernandez Vera, F. X., Llantada Lopez, A., Morgan Villela, G., Ramirez Padilla, F. D. J., Tapia Marin, W., Martinez Maldonado, M., Sanchez Suarez, R., Troche, J. M., Benyaiche, C., Outani, O., Amine, S., Benkabbou, A., Majbar, A. M., Mohsine, R., Rafik, A., Oung, T., Tin, M. M., Plarre, P., Alberga, A., Sluiter, N., Tuynman, J., Blok, R., Comert, D., Hompes, R., Kalff, M., Stellingwerf, M. E., Tanis, P., van Berge Henegouwen, M., van Praag, E. M., Wisselink, D., Gerhards, M., Lopes Cardozo, J., Westerduin, E., de Jonge, J., van Geloven, A., van Schilt, K., den Boer, F., Stoots, S., Vlek, S., Adams, J., Al-Busaidi, I. S., Budd, G., Choi, S. I., Chu, M. J. J., Ganugapati, A., Mckinstry, L., Pascoe, R., Richards, S., Rosser, K., Stevenson, A., White, R., Farik, S., Kwun, J., Murad, A., Cowan, S., Hall, T., Hayton, M., Malam Sani, L., Oumarou Garba, S., Amadou Magagi, I., Habou, O., Aliyu, H., Daniyan, M., Sholadoye, T. T., Abdullahi, L., Anyanwu, L. -J., Mohammad Mohammad, A., Muhammad, A. B., Sheshe, A. A., Suleiman, I., Adesina, A., Awolowo, A., Onuoha, C., Salami, O., Taiwo, O., Taiwo, A., Kache, S., Makama, J. G., Sale, D., Abiola, O., Ajao, A., Ajiboye, A., Etonyeaku, A., Olaogun, J., Adebanjo, A., Adesanya, O., Afolayan, M. O., Balogun, O., Makanjuola, A., Nwokocha, S., Ojewola, R. W., Olajide, T. O., Aderounmu, A., Adesunkanmi, A. -R., Agbakwuru, A., Akeem Aderogba, A., Alatise, O. I., Arowolo, O., Lawal, O., Mohammed, T., Ndegbu, C., Olasehinde, O., Wuraola, F., Akinkuolie, A., Mosanya, A., Ayandipo, O., Elemile, P., Lawal, T. A., Ali SANI, S., Garba, S., Hauwa SANI, R., Olori, S., Onyebuashi, H., Umoke, I., Adenuga, A., Adeyeye, A., Habeeb, O., Lawal, B., Nasir, A., Aahlin, E. K., Kjonas, D., Myrseth, E., Abbasy, J., Alvi, A., Saleem, O., Afzal, A., Nazir, A., Farooq, M., Liaqat, A., Naqi, S. A., Raza, A., Sarfraz, M., Sarwar, M., Banglani, M., Munir, A., Sehrish, R., Ayub, B., Sayyed, R., Altaf, A., Ayub, S., Saeed, K., Syed, B., Akbar, S. A., Anwer, A. W., Khan, R. N., Khan, A. I., Khattak, S., Mohtasham, S., Parvaiz, M. A., Syed, A. A., Ansari, A. B., Shahzad, N., Khaliq, T., Rashid, I., Waqar, S. H., Abu Al-saleem, H., Abu Alqumboz, A., Alqadi, M., Amro, A., Assa, R., Awesat, E., Ayyad, R., Hammad, M., Haymony, A., Hijazi, B., Hmeidat, B., Lahaseh, R., Qawasmi, A., Rajabi, A., Shehada, M., Shkokani, S., Yaghi, Y., Yaghi, N., Alzohour, M., Farid, M., Habes, Y. M., Juba, W., Nubani, Y., Rabee, A., Sa'Deh, M., Abed, S., Al basos, I., Alswerki, M., Ashour, D., Awad, I., Diab, S., El Jamassi, A., El-Kahlout, S., Elhout, S., Hajjaj, A. N. K., Hasanain, D., Nabil hajjaj, B., Obaid, M., Saikaly, E., Salhi, A., Al-Tammam, H., Almasri, M., Baniowda, M., Beshtawi, D., Horoub, A., Misk, R., Mohammad, B., Qasrawi, R., Sholi, T., Abu-Nimeh, S., Abu-srour, A., Abukhalaf, S. A., Adawi, S., Alsalameh, B., Ayesh, K., Elqadi, M., Hammouri, A., Karim Mustafa, F., Marzouqa, N., Melhem, S., Miqdad, D., Mohamad, B., Rawhi, M., Abu Ahammala, A. B., Abu Ataya, A., Abu Jayyab, I., Al-Shwaikh, S., Alagha, O., Alasttal, M., Awadallah, H., Elblbessy, M., Fares, J., Jarbou, A., Mahfouz, I., Albahnasawi, M. A., Abo mahadi, A., Abuelhatal, H., Abuelqomboz, A., Almoqayyad, A., Alwali, A., Balaawi, R., Hamouda, M., Humeid, M., Jedyan, A., Mahmoud Abu hamam, T., Matar, G., Salem, A. L., Samra, T., Shaheen, N., Shihada, K., A. Nemer, A., Abu Al Amrain, M., Abu Alamrain, A., Abu Jamie, N., Abu-Rous, M. R., Alfarra, N., Altaweel, M., Alwhaidi, N., Hamed, R., Saqqa, B., Shaheen, A., Aljaber, D., Aljaberi, L., Alwaheidi, M., Jawaada, A., Khaldi, H., Qahoush, R., Qari, J., Saadeh, R., Salim, A., Yacoub, A., Abbas, A., Abu shua'ib, R., Abu Zainah, B., Abusirrees, M., Babaa, B., Barhoush, O., Belal qadomi, A., Daraghmeh, L., Haji, R., Khatatbeh, A., Khatib, L., Qarariah, S., Quzmar, Y., Safadi, K., Salameh, R., Hassan, M., Herzallah, S., Massad, L., Nazzal, A., Nazzal, R., Escobar, D., Machain V, G. M., Rodriguez Gonzalez, A., Chachaima Mar, J. E., Chinchihualpa Paredes, N. O., Cuba, V., Lopez, W., Niquen Jimenez, M. M., Sanchez Bartra, N. A., Sapallanay Ojeda, O., Sequeiros, D., Toscano Pacheco, A., Vergara, M., Abarca, S., Alcorta, R., Borda-Luque, G., Eusebio Zegarra, I. E., Lujan Lopez, C., Marrufo, M., Mogrovejo, C., Nomura, A., Rodriguez Angeles, Y., Vidal Meza, M. R., Zavala, G., Castillo Arrascue, J. N., Hidrogo Cabrera, J. C., Larrea vera, J. J. M., Osorio, M., Ylatoma Diaz, E. A., Fontanilla, M. A., Fuentes, J. R., Salazar, A. L., Dominguez, G., Lopez, M. P., Macalindong, S., Onglao, M. A., Ramirez, A., Sacdalan, M. D., Tampo, M. M., Uy, G. L., Mangahas, J., Yabut, K., Canete, J. P., Cansana, B. E., Castro, E. J., Lipana, M. K., Roxas, M. F., Zara, V. 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I., Veiga, D., Azevedo, J., Cardoso Louro, H., Leite, M., Bairos Menezes, M., Gama, B., Brito, D., Cruz Martins, M. C., Graca e Magalhaes, A., Longras, A. C., Lourenco, R., Matos, D., Castro, L., Policarpo, F., Romano, J., Monteiro, C., Pinto, D., Duarte, M., Fortuna Martins, S., Oliveira, M., Galvao, D., Martins, L., Silva, A., Taranu, V., Vieira, B., Neves, J., Oliveira, S., Ribeiro, H., Cinza, M., Felix, R., Machado, A., Oliveira, J., Patricio, J., Pedroso de Lima, R., Pereira, M., Rocha Melo, M., Velez, C., Abreu da Silva, A., Claro, M., Costa Santos, D., Ferreira, A., Capote, H., Rosado, D., Tare, F., Nogueira, O., Angelo, M., Baiao, J. M., Guimaraes, A., Marques, J., Nico Albano, M., Silva, M., Valente da Costa, A., Vieira Caroco, T., Almeida Braga, S., Capunge, I., Fragoso, M., Guimaraes, J., Pinto, B., Ribeiro, J., Angel, M., Fialho, G., Guerrero, M., Campos Costa, F., Cardoso, D., Cardoso, V., Alves, M., Estalagem, I., Louro, T., Marques, C., Martelo, R., Morgado, M., Canotilho, R., Correia, A. M., Martins, P., Peyroteo, M., Gomes, J., Monteiro, R., Romano, M., Alves, D. M., Peixoto, R., Quintela, C., Jervis, M. J., Melo, D., Pacheco, A., Paixao, V., Pedro, V., Pimenta, J., Pimenta de Castro, J., Rocha, A., Beuran, M., Ciubotaru, C., Diaconescu, B., Hostiuc, S., Negoi, I., Stoica, B., Na, N. A., Anokhin, E., Kuznetsov, G., Oganezov, G., Paramzin, F., Romanova, E., Rutkovskii, V., Shushval, M., Zabiyaka, M., Dzhumabaev, K., Ivanov, V., Mamedli, Z., Achkasov, S., Balkarov, A., Nabiev, E., Nagudov, M., Rybakov, E., Saifutdinova, K., Sushkov, O., Joseph, L., Ndayishimiye, I., Faustin, N., Mutabazi, A. Z., Mvukiyehe, J. P., Nsengimana, V. J. P., Uwakunda, C., Abbas, M. M., Akeel, N., Aljiffry, M., Awaji, K., Farsi, A., Jamjoum, G., Khoja, A., Maghrabi, A., Malibary, N., Nassif, M., Saleem, A., Sultan, A., Tashkandi, W., Tashkandi, H., Trabulsi, N., Ba, M. B., Diallo, A. C., Ndong, A., Cuk, V., Jankovic, U., Koh, S. Z., Koh, F., Lee, K. C., Lee, K. Y., Lee, S., Leong, W. Q., Lui, S. A., Prakash, P., Grosek, J., Norcic, G., Tomazic, A., Fitchat, N., Jaich, R., Wineberg, D., Koto, M. Z., Baiocchi, D., Clarke, D., Steenkamp, C. J., Bannister, S., Boutall, A., Chinnery, G., Coccia, A., Dell, A., Karjiker, P., Kloppers, C., Loxton, N., Mabogoane, T., Malherbe, F., Panieri, E., Rayamajhi, S., van Wyngaard, T., Warden, C., Madiba, T. E., Pillay, N., Brooks, S., Kruger, C., Van Der Merwe, L. H., Gool, F., Kariem, M., Bougard, H., Kariem, N., Noor, F., Pillay, R., Steynfaardt, L., Gonzalez Gonzalez, L., Marin Santos, J. M., Martin-Borregon, P., Martinez Caballero, J., Nevado Garcia, C., Rodriguez Fraga, P., De Castro Parga, G., Fernandez Veiga, M. P., Garrido Lopez, L., Infante Pino, H., Lages Cal, I., Lopez Otero, M., Nogueira Sixto, M., Paniagua Garcia Senorans, M., Rodriguez Fernandez, L., Ruano Poblador, A., Rufo Crespo, E., Sanchez-Santos, R., Vigorita, V., Alonso Batanero, E., Asnel, D., Cifrian Canales, I., Contreras Saiz, E., De Santiago Alvarez, I., Diaz Vico, T., Fernandez Arias, S., Fernandez Martinez, D., Garcia Bernardo, C., Garcia Florez, L. J., Garcia Gutierrez, C., Garcia Munar, M., Marquez Zorrilla Molina, C. A., Merayo, M., Michi Campos, J. L., Moreno Gijon, M., Otero-Diez, J. L., Rodicio Miravalles, J. L., Solar-Garcia, L., Suarez Sanchez, A., Truan, N., Alejandre Villalobos, C., Caballero Diaz, Y., Jimenez, M., Montesdeoca, D., Navarro-Sanchez, A., Vega, V., Beltran de Heredia, J., Gomez, Z., Jezieniecki, C., Legido Moran, A. 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P., Cagigas Fernandez, C., Castanedo Bezanilla, S., Estevez Tesouro, J., Fernandez-Diaz, M. J., Garcia Cardo, J., Gomez Ruiz, M., Gonzalez-Tolaretxipi, E., Jimeno Fraile, J., Poch, C., Rodriguez-Aguirre, M., Troche Pesqueira, N., Trugeda-Carrera, M. S., de la Torre, J., Blanco-Colino, R., Espin-Basany, E., Espinosa-Bravo, M., Morales Comas, C., Reyes Afonso, E., Rivero Deniz, J., Siso Raber, C., Verdaguer Tremolosa, M., Chandrasinghe, P., Kumarage, S., Wijekoon Arachchilage, N., Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel, A., A. Adam, M., Blomme, N., Thorell, A., Wogensen, F., Alga, A., Ansarei, D., Celebioglu, F., Heinius, G., Nigard, L., Pieniowski, E., Ahlqvist, S., Bjorklund, I., Franberg, A., Hakansson, M., Adamo, K., Franklin, O., Sund, M., Wiberg, R., Andersson, Y., Chabok, A., Nikberg, M., Kugelberg, A., Canonica, C., Christoforidis, D., Fasolini, F., Gaffuri, P., Giuliani, M., Meani, F., Popeskou, S. G., Pozza, S., Wandschneider, W., Peterer, L., Widmer, L. 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K., Rencuzogullari, A., Isik, A., Leventoglu, S., Yalcinkaya, A., Yuksel, O., Kalayci, M. U., Kara, Y., Sarici, I. S., Akin, A., Alemdag, G. N., Arslan, E., Baki, B. E., Bodur, M. S., Calik, A., Candas Altinbas, B., Cihanyurdu, I., Erkul, O., Gul, B., Guner, A., Kose, B., Semiz, A., Sevim, S., Tayar, S., Tomas, K., Tufek, O. Y., Turkyilmaz, S., Ulusahin, M., Usta, A., Yildirim, R., Guler, S. A., Tatar, O. C., Varol, E., Kirimtay, B., Uysal, M., Yildiz, A., Kose, E., Ciftci, A. B., Colak, E., Eraslan, H., Kucuk, G. O., Yemez, K., Lule, H., Bienfait, M., Bua, E., Okalany, N., Basarab, M., Bielosludtsev, O., Kolhanova, K., Perepelytsia, K., Romanukha, K., Savenkov, D., Siryi, S., Tereshchenko, M., Viacheslav, N., Volovetskyi, A., Kebkalo, A., Tryliskyy, Y., Tyselskiy, V., Bruce, E., Chow, B. L., Iddles, E., Mcguckin, S., Newall, N., Ramsay, G., Sharma, P., Stewart, C., Wong, J., Badran, A., Bath, M., Belais, F., Butt, E., Joshi, K., Kapur, M., Shaw, M., Townson, A., Williams, C. Y. K., Gray, T., Greig, R., Husain, M., Murray, E., Mustafa, A., Asif, A., Gokul, A., Shah, M., Akitikori, M. T., Charalabopoulos, A., Davidson, S., Mcnally, S., Rupani, S., Juma, F., Mills, S. C., Muirhead, L., Sellars, K., Walsh, U., Warren, O., Chambers, A., Hunt, R., Boyce, S., Cornwall, H., Tol, I., Argyriou, E. O., Eardley, N., Povey, M., Aithie, J. M. S., Irfan, A., Mcguigan, M. -C., Starr, R., Warren, C. R., Archibald, J., Kirby, G., Kisyov, I., Khoo, C. K., Lee, R., Photiou, D., Davis, R., Prasad, U., Yang, P. Z., Bird, J., Leung, E., Summerour, V., Currow, C., Kiam, J., Tan, G. J. S., Muthusami, A., Pegba-Otemolu, I., Urbonas, T., Nunoo-Mensah, J., Smolskas, E., Boddy, A., Gravante, G., Hunter, D., Andrew, D., Koh, A., Thompson, A., Adams, L., Clements, H. 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Korkolis, Dimitrios, Gkiokas, Georgios, Pantiora, Eirini, Theodosopoulos, Theodosios, Ioannidis, Argyrios, Konstantinidis, Konstantinos, Konstantinidou, Sofia, Machairas, Nikolaos, Paspala, Anna, Prodromidou, Anastasia, Chouliaras, Christos, Papadopoulos, Konstantinos, Baloyiannis, Ioannis, Mamaloudis, Ioannis, Tzovaras, George, Akrida, Ioanna, Argentou, Maria-Ioanna, Germanos, Stylianos, Iliopoulos, Evangelos, Maroulis, Ioannis, Skroubis, George, Theofanis, George, Chatzakis, Christos, Ioannidis, Orestis, Loutzidou, Lydia, Karathanasis, Panagiotis, Michalopoulos, Nikolaos, Theodoropoulos, Charalampos, Theodorou, Dimitrios, Triantafyllou, Tania, Garoufalia, Zoe, Hasemaki, Natasha, Kontos, Michalis, Kouraklis, Gregory, Kykalos, Stylianos, Liakakos, Theodore, Mpaili, Eustratia, Papalampros, Alexandros, Schizas, Dimitrios, Syllaios, Athanasios, Tampaki, Ekaterini Christina, Tsimpoukelis, Antonios, Antonopoulou, Maria Ioanna, Deskou, Eirini, Manatakis, Dimitrios K, Papageorgiou, Dimitrios, Zoulamoglou, Menelaos, Anthoulakis, Christos, Margaritis, Michalis, Nikoloudis, Nikolaos, Campo, Veronica, Ceballos, André, Flores, Mario-Andrés, Giron, Waleska, Ko, Donghyun, Martinez, Gabriel, Rivera Lara, Verónica, Rueda, Nataly, Sanchez, Andres, Tejeda Garrido, Jorge Carlos Guillermo, Alvarez Rivera, Alvaro Eduardo, Bamaca Ixcajoc, Elvis Benjamin, Barreda Zelaya, Lilian Elizabeth, Chacòn-Herrera, Patricia, Corea Ruiz, Ligia Margarita, Echeverria-Davila, Guillermo, Garcia, Mario, García, Danilo, Gutiérrez Mayen, Edgar Fernando, José, Noriega, Mazariegos, Nery, Méndez, Diego, Paniagua Espinoza, Michael, Bardos, David, Benke, Marton, Illes, Kristof, Kokas, Balint András, Szabó, Réka, Appukuttan, Akhila, Asok, Anjitha, D K, Vijaykumar, Malik, Kapil, Ravishankaran, Praveen, Tapkire, Ritesh, Moorthy, Guru, Abraham, Joyner, Muthuvel, Ramesh, Alapatt, John, Kattepur, Abhay, Pareekutty, Nizamudheen, Garod, Mebanshanbor, Harris, Caleb, Wanniang, Cliff, Gupta, Ashish, Nehra, Deepak, Parshad, 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Tanna, Varghese, Shriya, Alherz, Mohammad, Ather, Muaaz, Bajilan, Mohammad, Graziadei, Vivien, Pilkington, Isobel, Quidwai, Omar, Ridgway, Paul, Shiwani, Haaris, Tahir, Abd Al-Rahman, Blunnie, Eimear, Burke, Daniel, Kennedy, Niall, Macdonagh, Kate, O'Neill, Maeve, Rooney, Siobhan, Falco, Giuseppe, Ferrari, Guglielmo, Mele, Simone, Nita, Gabriela Elisa, Ugoletti, Lara, Zizzo, Maurizio, Confalonieri, Gianmaria, Pesenti, Giovanni, Tagliabue, Fulvio, Baronio, Gianluca, Ongaro, Deborah, Pata, Giacomo, Compagnoni, Bruno, Salvadori, Renato, Taglietti, Lucio, D'Alessandro, Nicola, Di Lascio, Pierpaolo, Pascale, Giovanni, Bortolasi, Luca, Campagnaro, Tommaso, Carlini, Massimo, Lisi, Giorgio, Lombardi, Davide, Pedrazzani, Corrado, Spoletini, Domenico, Turri, Giulia, Violi, Paola, Altomare, Donato Francesco, Aquilino, Fabrizio, Musa, Nicola, Papagni, Vincenzo, Picciariello, Arcangelo, Vincenti, Leonardo, Andreotti, Dario, Occhionorelli, Savino, Tondo, Matteo, Basso, Stefano Maria Massimiliano, Cirelli, Riccardo, Maino, Marco Enrico Mario, Piozzi, Guglielmo Niccolò, Picone, Emanuele, Scaramuzzo, Rosa, Sinibaldi, Giovanni, Amendola, Alfonso, Anastasio, Lorenzo, Bucci, Luigi, Caruso, Emanuele, Castaldi, Antonio, Di Maso, Sara, Dinuzzi, Vincenza Paola, Esposito, Giovanni, Gaudiello, Maria, Giglio, Mariano Cesare, Greco, Paola Antonella, Luglio, Gaetano, Manfreda, Andrea, Marra, Ester, Mastella, Federica, Pagano, Gianluca, Peltrini, Roberto, Pepe, Vincenzo, Sacco, Michele, Sollazzo, Viviana, Spiezio, Giovanni, Cianchetti, Ettore, Menduni, Nunzia, Carvello, Michele Maria, Di Candido, Francesca, Spinelli, Antonino, Corsi, Fabio, Sorrentino, Luca, Marino, Fabio, Asti, Emanuele Luigi Giuseppe, Bonavina, Luigi, Rausa, Emanuele, Asta, Martina, Belli, Andrea, Bianco, Francesco, Cervone, Carmela, Delrio, Paolo, Falato, Armando, Fares Bucci, Andrea, Guarino, Rita, Pace, Ugo, Rega, Daniela, De Luca, Emilia, Gallo, Gaetano, Sammarco, Giuseppe, Sena, Giuseppe, Vescio, Giuseppina, Santandrea, 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Miqdad, Dima, Mohamad, Balqees, Rawhi, Mhammed, Abu Ahammala, Ayman B, Abu Ataya, Ahmed, Abu Jayyab, Israa, Al-Shwaikh, Samar, Alagha, Othman, Alasttal, Mohammed, Awadallah, Haneen, Elblbessy, Mahmood, Fares, Jehad, Jarbou, Akram, Mahfouz, Ibtisam, Albahnasawi, Moath A, Abo Mahadi, Asmaa', Abuelhatal, Hasan, Abuelqomboz, Ayham, Almoqayyad, Abdelrahman, Alwali, Abdallah, Balaawi, Reem, Hamouda, Mahmoud, Humeid, Mohammed, Jedyan, Abdullah, Mahmoud Abu Hamam, Tasneem, Matar, Ghadeer, Salem, Ali, Samra, Tahani, Shaheen, Nureddin, Shihada, Karam, A Nemer, Ayoob, Abu Al Amrain, Mahmoud, Abu Alamrain, Abdulwhhab, Abu Jamie, Najlaa, Abu-Rous, Mohammed R, Alfarra, Nada, AlTaweel, Mohammed, Alwhaidi, Noor, Hamed, Ramadan, Saqqa, Bader, Shaheen, Ahmad, Aljaber, Dana, Aljaberi, Loay, Alwaheidi, Malak, Jawaada, Assef, Khaldi, Hani, Qahoush, Rami, Qari, Jalil, Saadeh, Rana, Salim, Ahlam, Yacoub, Aseel, Abbas, Abbas, Abu Shua Ib, Rana, Abu Zainah, Baraa, AbuSirrees, Mahmoud, Babaa, Basheer, Barhoush, 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Willemin, Melissa, Rayya, Fadi, Ayash, Mohammad, Msouti, Raneem, Kannas, Israa, Abazid, Eias, Esper, Asil, Slim, Skander, Kavcar, Akil Serdar, Aytac, Erman, Dural, Ahmet Cem, Ilker, Ayse, Eray, Ismail Cem, Kurnaz, Eray, Altiner, Saygin, Tepe, Mustafa Deniz, Sahin, Can, Savli, Evrim, Innocent, Aryon, Babirye, Lilian, Diachenko, Andrii, Hordoskiy, Vladislav, Curry, Heather, Chau, Charlene Yat Che, Robertson, Harry, Mahmoud, Arin, Lennon, Hannah, Loi, Lynette, Kirkham, Emily, McCann, Cameron, Watts, Daniel, Gurung, Binay, Wilson, Michael, Tribedi, Thomas, Garofalo, Eleonora, Zahra, Baryab, MacDonald, Scott, Daniels, Ian, Ng, Nathan, Khosla, Shivun, Olivier, James, Yue, Sum Yu Pansy, Suresh, Gayathri, Wellington, Jack, Lorejo, Emmanuel, Mossaad, Mafdi, Crutcher, Madison, Alimi, Marjan, Baiu, Ioana, Abdou, Hossam, Conway, Alison, Peck, Connor, Perdomo Perez, Mauro Andres, Zulu, Stanley, Nakazwe, Mildred, Burger, Sule, Davies, Justine, Donaldson, Rachel, Ede, Chikwendu, Garden, O James, Lesetedi, Chiapo, Mabedi, Charles, Magill, Laura, Makinde Alakaloko, Felix, Makupe, Alex, Monahan, Mark, Mulira, Soloman, Muller, Elmi, Musowoyo, Jospeh, Olory-Togbe, Jean Léon, Roberts, Tracey, Smith, Martin, Tayler, Viki, Windsor, John, Yepez, Raul, Sundar, Sudha, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Verjee, Azmina, Chen, José, Daya, Leonid, El Aroussi, Nouhaila, Farina, Valeria, Gnintedeme Olivier, Tchianze, Gonzales Nacarino, Mauricio, Hammani, Aamr, Honjo, Sarah, Jacobs, Rebecca, Kimura, Hitomi, Nkoronko, Mugisha, Oscullo Yepez, Jasson Javier, Pin Hung, Wei, Raj, Ankit, Romani Pozo, Alina, Rommaneh, Muna, Sassamela Fabiano, Samuel Chimbioputo, Shiroma Gago, Camila Milagros, Srinivas, Abhishekh, Sung, Chia-Yen, Tai, Aswan, Valle Aranda, Yener Cristyell, Venturini, Sara, and Wilguens Lartigue, Jean
Subjects: Pediatrics, Colorectal cancer, IMPACT, Disease, Colorectal Neoplasm, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cancer, surgery, postoperative mortality, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, General Medicine, DISEASES, Income, cancer surgery, Colorectal Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasm, Cohort study, Human, Adult, Developed Countrie, medicine.medical_specialty, Global surgery, General surgery, International multicentre study, Cancer surgery, Breast Neoplasms, Department of Error, NO, Developing Countrie, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Stomach Neoplasms, medicine, Humans, Developing Countries, Neoplasm Staging, business.industry, Developed Countries, Odds ratio, CARE, medicine.disease, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, Prospective Studie, Postoperative Complication, business
Abstract: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Background: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit.
Published: 2021
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11. Imaging correlates of serum enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) positivity in patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis: results from 521 patients

Author: Prabhakaran Vasudevan, Grace Rebekah, Douglas A. Drevets, Josephin Manoj, Ellen Jackson, Subashini Thamizhmaran, Anupriya Thanigachalam, Betcy Evangeline Pamela, Vedantam Rajshekhar, Hélène Carabin, and Ranjith K Moorthy
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, Neurocysticercosis, Antibodies, Helminth, Lesion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Edema, Parenchyma, medicine, Animals, Humans, Univariate analysis, Granuloma, biology, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Cysticercus, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Blot, Infectious Diseases, Multivariate Analysis, biology.protein, Original Article, Parasitology, Antibody, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background The presence of perilesional edema among patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis (pNCC) of various lesion subtypes has not been correlated with results of serum enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot (EITB) for cysticercal antibodies. Methods In total, 521 patients with pNCC were classified into solitary cysticercus granuloma (SCG), multiple lesions, at least one of which was an enhancing granuloma (GMNCC), solitary calcified cysticercal lesion (SCC) and multiple calcified cysticercal lesions (CMNCC). The proportion of EITB positivity among each lesion subtype and its association with perilesional edema were determined. Results There were significantly higher positive EITB results in patients with GMNCC (90/111, 81.1%) compared with other lesion types. Perilesional edema was associated with positive EITB in patients with CMNCC. On univariate analysis, perilesional edema and GMNCC were associated with EITB positivity. On multivariate analysis, only GMNCC (OR 7.5; 95% CI 3.5 to 16.2) was significantly associated with EITB positivity. Conclusions In patients with pNCC, the presence of perilesional edema is associated with a higher probability of a positive EITB result in patients with CMNCC, suggesting a synchronicity in the mechanisms associated with formation of perilesional edema and the antibody response in this subtype. In patients with enhancing granulomas, edema is not an independent predictor of a positive EITB, suggesting that the enhancement itself is associated with a strong antibody response.
Published: 2021
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12. ST6GalNAc‐I promotes lung cancer metastasis by altering MUC5AC sialylation

Author: Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Rohitesh Gupta, Subodh M. Lele, Sanchita Rauth, Saravanakumar Marimuthu, Mohd W. Nasser, Rahat Jahan, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Kavita Mallya, Raghupathy Vengoji, Sanjib Chaudhary, Pranita Atri, Surinder K. Batra, Ravi Salgia, Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu, Apar Kishor Ganti, Joseph Carmicheal, Lynette M. Smith, Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata, Naveenkumar Perumal, Sukhwinder Kaur, and Satyanarayana Rachagani
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Glycosylation, Lung Neoplasms, integrin β4, Mucin 5AC, Metastasis, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, RC254-282, Research Articles, chemistry.chemical_classification, FAK, Mucin, Liver Neoplasms, Colocalization, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Cell migration, General Medicine, medicine.disease, MUC5AC, ST6GalNAc‐I, N-Acetylneuraminic Acid, Sialyltransferases, Sialic acid, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, lung cancer metastasis, Molecular Medicine, Ectopic expression, Glycoprotein, Research Article
Abstract: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with the development of metastasis are poorly understood. Understanding the biology of LC metastasis is critical to unveil the molecular mechanisms for designing targeted therapies. We developed two genetically engineered LC mouse models KrasG12D/+; Trp53R172H/+; Ad‐Cre (KPA) and KrasG12D/+; Ad‐Cre (KA). Survival analysis showed significantly (P = 0.0049) shorter survival in KPA tumor‐bearing mice as compared to KA, suggesting the aggressiveness of the model. Our transcriptomic data showed high expression of N‐acetylgalactosaminide alpha‐2, 6‐sialyltransferase 1 (St6galnac‐I) in KPA compared to KA tumors. ST6GalNAc‐I is an O‐glycosyltransferase, which catalyzes the addition of sialic acid to the initiating GalNAc residues forming sialyl Tn (STn) on glycoproteins, such as mucins. Ectopic expression of species‐specific p53 mutants in the syngeneic mouse and human LC cells led to increased cell migration and high expression of ST6GalNAc‐I, STn, and MUC5AC. Immunoprecipitation of MUC5AC in the ectopically expressing p53R175H cells exhibited higher affinity toward STn. In addition, ST6GalNAc‐I knockout (KO) cells also showed decreased migration, possibly due to reduced glycosylation of MUC5AC as observed by low STn on the glycoprotein. Interestingly, ST6GalNAc‐I KO cells injected mice developed less liver metastasis (P = 0.01) compared to controls, while colocalization of MUC5AC and STn was observed in the liver metastatic tissues of control mice. Collectively, our findings support the hypothesis that mutant p53R175H mediates ST6GalNAc‐I expression, leading to the sialyation of MUC5AC, and thus contribute to LC liver metastasis., In the presence of mutant p53R175H, ST6GalNAc‐I mediates MUC5AC sialylation that increases the aggressiveness of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). MUC5AC sialylation is required for integrin β4 interaction that induces angiogenesis and liver metastasis. Hence, targeting the ST6GalNAc‐I/MUC5AC could prevent LUAD metastasis.
Published: 2021

13. Global Retinoblastoma Treatment Outcomes

Author: Ekaterina Semenova, Kalle Nummi, Olga V Yugay, Carol P. S. Lam, Suganeswari Ganesan, Adriana Fandiño, Guillermo Chantada, Tero Kivelä, Elisa Carreras, Michala Burges, Phillipa Sharwood, V.G. Polyakov, Paula Schaiquevich, Vera Adobea Essuman, Quah Boon Long, Vera Yarovaya, Brenda L. Gallie, Rachel C. Brenna, Jaume Català, Paul T. Finger, Elena Kotova, Ashwin Mallipatna, Junyang Zhao, Winnie W. Y. Lau, Genoveva Correa-Llano, Tatiana L Ushakova, Ankit Singh Tomar, Jason C. S. Yam, Lorna Renner, Yacoub A. Yousef, Jonathan W. Kim, Elizabeth Esparza-Aguiar, Andrey A. Yarovoy, Vikas Khetan, Matthew W. Wilson, Sonia Moorthy, Marco A. Ramirez-Ortiz, and Chengyue Zhang
Subjects: Retinoblastoma, business.industry, Measures of national income and output, Treatment outcome, Outcome measures, Patient survival, World population, medicine.disease, Treatment failure, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, medicine, business, Demography, Cancer staging
Abstract: Purpose To compare metastasis-related mortality, local treatment failure, and globe salvage after retinoblastoma in countries with different national income levels. Design International, multicenter, registry-based retrospective case series. Participants Two thousand one hundred ninety patients, 18 ophthalmic oncology centers, and 13 countries on 6 continents. Methods Multicenter registry-based data were pooled from retinoblastoma patients enrolled between January 2001 and December 2013. Adequate data to allow American Joint Committee on Cancer staging, eighth edition, and analysis for the main outcome measures were available for 2085 patients. Each country was classified by national income level, as defined by the 2017 United Nations World Population Prospects, and included high-income countries (HICs), upper middle-income countries (UMICs), and lower middle-income countries (LMICs). Patient survival was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to determine associations between national income and treatment outcomes. Main Outcome Measures Metastasis-related mortality and local treatment failure (defined as use of secondary enucleation or external beam radiation therapy). Results Most (60%) study patients resided in UMICs and LMICs. The global median age at diagnosis was 17.0 months and higher in UMICs (20.0 months) and LMICs (20.0 months) than HICs (14.0 months; P Conclusions This international, multicenter, registry-based analysis of retinoblastoma management revealed that lower national income levels were associated with significantly higher rates of metastasis-related mortality, local treatment failure, and lower globe salvage.
Published: 2021
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14. Occlusive Retinal Vasculitis Following Intravitreal Drug Delivery

Author: Emmett T. Cunningham, Manfred Zierhut, Ramana S. Moorthy, and Andre J. Witkin
Subjects: Retinal Vasculitis, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, medicine.medical_specialty, Retinal vasculitis, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, MEDLINE, Retinal Hemorrhage, Cataract surgery, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, 0302 clinical medicine, Intravitreal Injections, Drug delivery, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Fluorescein Angiography, business
Abstract: Intravitreal (IVT) drug delivery now surpasses cataract surgery as the most commonly performed ophthalmic procedure worldwide. In 2020, nearly 23 million IVT injections were given globally,1 with m...
Published: 2021
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15. Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBLs) Producing Enterobacteriaceae Family from Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Patients

Author: Devipalanisamy Devipalanisamy, Moorthy Marimuthu, and Sivapriya Olaganathan
Subjects: biology, business.industry, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Cephalosporin, General Medicine, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Enterobacteriaceae, Microbiology, Antibiotic resistance, Clavulanic acid, medicine, Beta-lactamase, Agar diffusion test, Klebsiella pneumonia, business, Urinary tract infection (UTI), medicine.drug
Abstract: Background: Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBLs) are betalactamase capable of conferring bacterial resistance to the first, second and third-generation Cephalosporin’s but these are inhibited by lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid. The ESBLs are typically plasmidmediated enzymes, mostly produced by E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia Enterobacteriaceae family. ESBLs enzymes were discovered in Germany in 1983 from Klebsiella pneumonia. ESBL-producing gram negative bacteria have been responsible for numerous outbreaks of infection throughout the several counties and region challenging infection control issues. Different phenotypic test for ESBL detection have been developed, which are easy to use and cost effective. Materials and Methods: In this study, 10 Urine samples were collected from Government Hospital, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu. Collected clinical samples were isolated and identified by standard microbiological method. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the disc-diffusion method. The preliminary phenotypic detection of ESBLs was carried out by combination disc-diffusion test (CDDT) Performed using Kirby- bauer disc diffusion method on muller hinton agar. Results: Totally 10 clinical samples were collected and investigated Among 7 clinical samples of positive of Urinary tract infection (UTI), 20 micro-organisms belonging to 3 genus were isolated. Of the patients, 7 were female and 3 were male. E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were most prevalent species. E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were multidrug-resistant (resistance to five or more antibiotics) among the isolates. Of the isolated in Uro pathogens such as E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were ESBLs positive. Conclusion: Based on the results, E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia predominated in the samples, giving the maximum frequency of ESBLs producing followed by E. coli (70%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (30%) from the combined disk diffusion method. Herbal medicine should be perform for UTI patients to prevent the spread of more. Only limited therapeutically options for ESBL-PE.
Published: 2021
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16. Mucins reprogram stemness, metabolism and promote chemoresistance during cancer progression

Author: Saravanakumar Marimuthu, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Chunmeng Zhang, Koelina Ganguly, Sanchita Rauth, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, and Surinder K. Batra
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Population, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cancer stem cell, Neoplasms, medicine, Animals, Humans, Epithelial–mesenchymal transition, Neoplasm Metastasis, education, education.field_of_study, Mucin, Mucins, Cancer, Cellular Reprogramming, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Tumor progression, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer cell, Disease Progression, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Cancer research, Carcinogenesis, Signal Transduction
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins dysregulated in aggressive cancers. The role of mucins in disease progression, tumor proliferation, and chemotherapy resistance has been studied extensively. MAIN BODY: This article provides a comprehensive review of mucin’s function as a physical barrier and the implication of mucin overexpression in impeded drug delivery to solid tumors. Mucins regulate the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells via several canonical and non-canonical oncogenic signaling pathways. Furthermore, mucins play an extensive role in enriching and maintaining the cancer stem cell (CSC) population, thereby sustaining the self-renewing and chemoresistant cellular pool in the bulk tumor. It has recently been demonstrated that mucins regulate the metabolic reprogramming during oncogenesis and cancer progression, which account for tumor cell survival, proliferation, and drug-resistance. CONCLUSION: This review article focuses on delineating mucin’s role in oncogenic signaling and aberrant regulation of gene expressions, culminating in CSC maintenance, metabolic rewiring, and development of chemoresistance, tumor progression, and metastasis.
Published: 2021
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17. Role of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Clinically Suspected Cholesteatoma Cases

Author: Sandya Chirukandath Jayasankaran, Nazreen Abbass Ayyaril, Srikanth Moorthy, and Unnikrishnan K Menon
Subjects: High-resolution computed tomography, medicine.diagnostic_test, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Cholesteatoma, Gold standard (test), medicine.disease, Lesion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, McNemar's test, Otorhinolaryngology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Temporal bone, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Medicine, Effective diffusion coefficient, Surgery, medicine.symptom, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, business, Nuclear medicine
Abstract: To analyze the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of middle ear and mastoid lesions in Diffusion weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) to arrive at a probable demarcating value to differentiate cholesteatoma from non-cholesteatomatous lesions. Accurate anatomic localization of the lesion was also done using High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) temporal bone. The study cohort consisted of 30 patients who had undergone HRCT, DW-MRI and surgical intervention in clinically suspected cholesteatomatous lesions during the period August 2018 to August 2020.Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy values of HRCT and MRI in relation to intraoperative findings and histopathological findings (gold standard) were calculated and compared using the 2-sided McNemar’s Chi Square test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to predict the cut off value of ADC to differentiate between cholesteatoma and non cholesteatomatous lesions. Total patients were 30 out of which 15 were histopathologically proven cholesteatoma. MR DWI showed 100% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and 90% accuracy in diagnosing cholesteatoma compared to HPE. The probable cut off value of ADC in differentiating cholesteatoma from non-cholesteatomatous lesions was found to be
Published: 2021
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18. Transient Blindness after Endovascular Parent Artery Occlusion to Treat Giant Aneurysm of Internal Carotid Artery: a Case Report

Author: Aswin Padmanabhan, Ranjit Moorthy, Shyamkumar N. Keshava, and Munawwar Ahmed
Subjects: Transient blindness, medicine.medical_specialty, Aneurysm, business.industry, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Internal carotid artery, business, medicine.disease, Parent artery occlusion
Published: 2021
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19. SARS-CoV-2, Uncontrolled Diabetes and Corticosteroids—An Unholy Trinity in Invasive Fungal Infections of the Maxillofacial Region? A Retrospective, Multi-centric Analysis

Author: Rohith Gaikwad, Deepak Haldipur, K. K. Tripathi, Preeti G. Kale, P. Subramanya Rao, Aditya Moorthy, Shreya Krishna, Krishnamurthy Bonanthaya, and Raghuraj Hegde
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Aspergillosis, Rhino-cerebro-orbital, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Mucormycosis, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Diabetes, 030206 dentistry, medicine.disease, Otorhinolaryngology, Cohort, Clinical Paper, Oral and maxillofacial surgery, Corticosteroid, Surgery, Oral Surgery, Covid-19, business
Abstract: Objectives Collate and analyse data of maxillofacial/rhino-cerebro-orbital fungal infections reported during the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, with the aim of investigating the common contributing factors leading to such infections and of highlighting the significance of this surge seen in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Method This retrospective observational multi-centric study analysed patient data collected from clinicians belonging to different specialties in Bangalore, India. The data included the presentation and management of patients presenting with aggressive maxillofacial and rhino-cerebro-orbital fungal infections and explored the relationship between SARS-CoV-2, corticosteroid administration and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Results All 18 patients were Covid positive. Sixteen of the 18 patients received steroids for Covid treatment and 16 patients were diabetic (of whom 15 patients who were diabetics received steroids for Covid-19 treatment). Loss of vision was noted in 12 of the 18 patients and 7 of them underwent orbital exenteration. The fungi noted was mucormycosis in 16 patients, aspergillosis in 1 patient and a mixed fungal infection in 1 patient. Eleven of the patients survived, 6 died and 1 was lost to follow-up. There was a significantly higher incidence of diabetes (p = 0.03) amongst these cohort of patients who were Covid-19 positive with mucormycosis. A significantly higher number (p = 0.0013) of patients were administered steroids at some point during the treatment. Conclusion Despite the limited sample size, it is evident that there is a significant increase in the incidence of angioinvasive maxillofacial fungal infections in diabetic patients treated for SARS-CoV-2 with a strong association with corticosteroid administration.
Published: 2021
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20. Sagittal Radiographic Parameters of the Spine in Three Physiological Postures Characterized Using a Slot Scanner and Their Potential Implications on Spinal Weight-Bearing Properties

Author: Hwee Weng Dennis Hey, Yong Hong Tan, Khin Yee Sammy Loh, Hee-Kit Wong, Vikaesh Moorthy, Eugene Tze Chun Lau, Gabriel Liu, Kimberly-Anne Tan, and Nathaniel Li-Wen Ng
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Interbody fusion, Lordosis, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Weight-bearing, Lumbar, Functional spinal unit, Load-bearing, medicine, Deformity, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Orthodontics, business.industry, lcsh:R, Cage placement, medicine.disease, Low back pain, Sagittal plane, Intervertebral disk, Lumbar spine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Clinical Study, Surgery, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Study Design: Prospective radiographic comparative study.Purpose: To compare and understand the load-bearing properties of each functional spinal unit (FSU) using three commonly assumed, physiological, spinal postures, namely, the flexed (slump sitting), erect (standing) and extended (backward bending) postures. Overview of Literature: Sagittal spinal alignment is posture-dependent and influences the load-bearing properties of the spine. The routine placement of intervertebral cages “as anterior as possible” to correct deformity may compromise the load-bearing capabilities of the spine, leading to complications.Methods: We recruited young patients with nonspecific low back pain for
Published: 2021
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21. Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in the Assessment of Acute Cerebrovascular Accident

Author: Srinivasan Radhakrishnan, Krishnaswamy Madhavan, Sudish Gadde, and Swathy Moorthy
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Creatine, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Troponin I, Medicine, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Stroke, ck-mb, biology, creatine kinase, business.industry, General Neuroscience, cardiac enzymes, Brain natriuretic peptide, medicine.disease, stroke, Troponin, chemistry, troponin i, biology.protein, Cardiology, Biomarker (medicine), Original Article, Cardiac enzymes, Creatine kinase, Neurology (clinical), cerebrovascular accident, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) has for long been a global burden in terms of its morbidity and mortality. Serum levels of cardiac enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) component, troponin T, and brain natriuretic peptide have been found to be elevated among the patients with stroke and also serve to prognosticate these patients. The serum levels of these enzymes correlate directly to the severity of stroke in these patients. Objective Elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents are not uncommon despite the patients not having any cardiac problems. We aimed to identify the occurrence of elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute stroke and their correlation with the severity of stroke. Materials and Methods Our study included 100 patients of acute stroke with no previous history of cardiac ailments. Serum levels of troponin I and CK-MB were analyzed among these patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method within the first 2 hours of admission. Patients outcome during the hospital stay were analyzed. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke score (NIHS score) and the modified Rankin Score (mRS). The cardiac enzyme levels were correlated with these scores. Results Twenty-eight percent of patients had elevated troponin I, while 72% patients had normal levels with the mean values of 10.36 to 106.54 ng/mL and 0.00 to 0.02 ng/mL, respectively. CK-MB levels were found elevated among 14% patients and normal among 86% patients with mean values of 5.8 to 124.36 and 0.0 to 4.3 ng/mL, respectively. Among the six patients who succumbed to death, three patients had increased troponin I and four had elevated CK-MB. NIHS scores of 21.0357±6.79 and 105.277±5.564 were seen in patients with elevated and normal troponin I, whereas NIHS scores of 20.4285±8.658 and 11.8721±9.273 were seen among patients with increased and normal CK-MB, respectively. The mRS scores were 4.3214±0.367, 2.4305±1.374, 4.2143±1.412, and 2.756±1.749 ng/mL among the patients with elevated and normal troponin I and CK-MB, respectively. Conclusion The mean values of cardiac enzymes troponin I and CK-MB were higher among patients with higher scores of NIHS and mRS. Among them, troponin I was very significant and it may serve as an early biomarker for the severity of stroke and hint on early cardiac evaluation among these patients.
Published: 2021
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22. Acute respiratory distress syndrome and COVID-19 in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus

Author: Daniel B. Horton, Sunanda Gaur, L. Nandini Moorthy, Emily Negroponte, Simone Sukhdeo, Amisha Malhotra, and Hariprem Rajasekhar
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, ARDS, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Antiviral Agents, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Tocilizumab, Rheumatology, Internal medicine, medicine, Coagulopathy, Humans, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Enoxaparin, Glucocorticoids, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Anakinra, Respiratory distress, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, COVID-19, Hydroxychloroquine, medicine.disease, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Methylprednisolone, chemistry, Child, Preschool, Disease Progression, Cytokines, Lymphocytopenia, Cytokine Release Syndrome, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract: We report a case of COVID-19 in a pediatric patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), who presented with respiratory distress marked by increased work of breathing and low oxygen saturation. Lab tests confirmed COVID-19, and showed lymphocytopenia and elevated markers of inflammation and coagulopathy. Chest X-ray showed bilateral mid-lung opacities, and the patient required intubation early in his disease course. Imaging and clinical findings were consistent with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with inflammation. The patient was treated with different combinations of antivirals (hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir), cytokine inhibitors (anakinra and tocilizumab), glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone), and an anticoagulant (enoxaparin). Inflammatory markers decreased before clinical improvement in lung aeration. This case highlights the potential for pediatric patients with SLE to present with COVID-19 similar to the clinical presentation described in adults.
Published: 2021
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23. Early- and long-term surgical outcomes in 109 children with lipomyelomeningocele

Author: Shabari Girishan, Tarang K Vora, Ranjith K Moorthy, and Vedantam Rajshekhar
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Neurological function, General Medicine, Partial resection, Lipoma, medicine.disease, Asymptomatic, Radical excision, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Normal neurological function, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Neurology (clinical), Neurosurgery, Significant risk, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: To determine the functional outcomes and risk factors for outcomes following surgery for lipomyelomeningocele (LMMC). Data from 109 children with LMMC who underwent surgery from January 2008 to December 2017 were retrospectively studied to evaluate functional outcomes and possible risk factors for early- (at discharge from hospital or within 1 month of surgery) and long-term outcomes after surgery. There were 53 boys and 56 girls with median age of 36 months (IQR 12-90 months; range, 4 months to 18 years) at surgery. At presentation, neurological function was normal (asymptomatic group) in 28 (25.7%) children while there was neurological dysfunction (symptomatic group) in 81 (74.3%). Near total or radical excision of lipoma was done in 71 (65.1%) children. Six (5.8%) children had deterioration of neurological function in the post-operative period with recovery of function in three of them. There were no statistically significant risk factors for early outcomes. At a mean follow-up of 62.5 months (IQR 35–82 months; range, 12–146 months), 21 (27.6%) of the 76 symptomatic group children (including 59.3% with incomplete bladder dysfunction) showed improvement, 52 (68.4%) remained the same, while 3 (4%) deteriorated. In 31 children (symptomatic group) who developed symptoms after 1 year of age, early surgery after development of symptoms was associated with better chances of recovery (p = 0.0008). In the asymptomatic group, 23 (88.5%) had normal neurological function at mean follow-up of 57.5 months (IQR 30–77 months; range, 12–141 months) and 3 (11.5%) had neurological deterioration. The mean time to late deterioration (re-tethering) from surgery was 51.3 months (IQR 24–75 months; range, 24–84 months). Presence of syrinx on initial MRI (p = 0.008) and partial resection of the lipoma (p = 0.02) were independent risk factors for delayed deterioration. Radical resection of LMMC probably helps in preserving neurological function in > 90% of children at long-term follow-up. Fifty-five percent of children > 2 years of age with incomplete bladder dysfunction regained normal function following surgery. In children who develop symptoms after birth, early surgical intervention can reverse the neurological deficits.
Published: 2021
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24. Prediction of Parkinson’s Disease Using Improved Radial Basis Function Neural Network

Author: P. Pabitha and Rajalakshmi Shenbaga Moorthy
Subjects: Biomaterials, Parkinson's disease, Mechanics of Materials, Computer science, Radial basis function neural, Modeling and Simulation, medicine, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, medicine.disease, Neuroscience, Computer Science Applications
Published: 2021
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25. Secretory Mucin 5AC Promotes Neoplastic Progression by Augmenting KLF4-Mediated Pancreatic Cancer Cell Stemness

Author: Shiv Ram Krishn, Ramesh Pothuraju, Koelina Ganguly, Sudhua Ayala, Sukhwinder Kaur, Christopher M. Evans, Satyanarayana Rachagani, Sushil Kumar, Sanchita Rauth, Ashu Shah, Jesse L. Cox, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Rahat Jahan, Pranita Atri, Palanisamy Nallasamy, Surinder K. Batra, and Lynette M. Smith
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Population, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors, Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Apoptosis, Mucin 5AC, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, digestive system, Article, Kruppel-Like Factor 4, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cancer stem cell, Pancreatic cancer, Biomarkers, Tumor, Tumor Cells, Cultured, medicine, Animals, Humans, education, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Knockout, education.field_of_study, Mucin, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Pancreatic Neoplasms, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, KLF4, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer cell, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Cancer research, Female, sense organs, Carcinogenesis, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal
Abstract: Secreted mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is the most abundantly overexpressed member of the mucin family during early pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia stage I (PanIN-I) of pancreatic cancer. To comprehend the contribution of Muc5ac in pancreatic cancer pathology, we genetically ablated it in an autochthonous murine model (KrasG12D; Pdx-1cre, KC), which mirrors the early stages of pancreatic cancer development. Neoplastic onset and the PanIN lesion progression were significantly delayed in Muc5ac knockout (KrasG12D; Pdx-1 cre; Muc5ac−/−, KCM) animals with a 50% reduction in PanIN-2 and 70% reduction in PanIN-3 lesions compared with KC at 50 weeks of age. High-throughput RNA-sequencing analysis from pancreatic tissues of KCM animals revealed a significant decrease in cancer stem cell (CSC) markers Aldh1a1, Klf4, EpCAM, and CD133. Furthermore, the silencing of MUC5AC in human pancreatic cancer cells reduced their tumorigenic propensity, as indicated by a significant decline in tumor formation frequency by limiting dilution assay upon subcutaneous administration. The contribution of MUC5AC in CSC maintenance was corroborated by a significant decrease in tumor burden upon orthotopic implantation of MUC5AC-depleted pancreatic cancer cells. Mechanistically, MUC5AC potentiated oncogenic signaling through integrin αvβ5, pSrc (Y416), and pSTAT3 (Y705). Phosphorylated STAT3, in turn, upregulated Klf4 expression, thereby enriching the self-renewing CSC population. A strong positive correlation of Muc5ac with Klf4 and pSTAT3 in the PanIN lesions of KC mouse pancreas reinforces the crucial involvement of MUC5AC in bolstering the CSC-associated tumorigenic properties of Kras-induced metaplastic cells, which leads to pancreatic cancer onset and progression. Significance: This study elucidates that de novo expression of MUC5AC promotes cancer cell stemness during Kras-driven pancreatic tumorigenesis and can be targeted for development of a novel therapeutic regimen.
Published: 2021
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26. Bariatric Surgical Services Within a Pandemic Can Continue Safely: the Initial Experience of a UK Centre of Excellence

Author: Krishna Moorthy, Sanjay Purkayastha, Saira Hameed, Alexander D. Miras, Ahmed R. Ahmed, Trisha Tan, Sherif Hakky, Patricia Ortega, Sami Mansour, Osama Moussa, Jonathan Cousins, Harvinder Chahal, Christos Tsironis, and Sara Flod
Subjects: Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, media_common.quotation_subject, Bariatric Surgery, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, Obesity, Morbid, Bariatrics, Excellence, Pandemic, Humans, Medicine, Surgery, Medical emergency, business, Letter to the Editor, Pandemics, media_common
Published: 2021
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27. The role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in hyperoxic lung injury

Author: Rachel Stading, Krithika Lingappan, Xanthi I. Couroucli, and Bhagavatula Moorthy
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Supplemental oxygen, Acute respiratory distress, Hyperoxia, Lung injury, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Gastroenterology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, In patient, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Pharmacology, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, biology, business.industry, fungi, Infant, Newborn, food and beverages, Cytochrome P450, Lung Injury, General Medicine, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Oxidative Stress, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Cyp enzymes, business, Infant, Premature, Oxidative stress
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Hyperoxic lung injury is a condition that can occur in patients in need of supplemental oxygen, such as premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play critical roles in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds. AREAS COVERED: Through their complex pathways, some subfamilies of these enzymes may contribute to or protect against hyperoxic lung injury. Oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is most likely a major contributor of hyperoxic lung injury. CYP1A enzymes have been shown to protect against hyperoxic lung injury while CYP1B enzymes seem to contribute to it. CYP2J2 enzymes help protect against hyperoxic lung injury by triggering EET production, thereby, increasing antioxidant enzymes. The metabolism of arachidonic acid to ω-terminal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETEs) by CYP4A and CYP4F enzymes could impact hyperoxic lung injury via the vasodilating effects of 20-HETE. CYP2E1 and CYP2A enzymes may contribute to the oxidative stress in the lungs caused by ethanol- and nicotine-metabolism, respectively. EXPERT OPINION: Overall, the CYP enzymes, depending upon the isoform, play a contributory or protective role in hyperoxic lung injury, and are, therefore, ideal candidates for developing drugs that can treat oxygen-mediated lung injury.
Published: 2020
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28. Selective inhibition of stemness through EGFR/FOXA2/SOX9 axis reduces pancreatic cancer metastasis

Author: Amar B. Singh, Quan P. Ly, Subodh M. Lele, Sanchita Rauth, Kavita Mallya, Maneesh Jain, Mokenge P. Malafa, Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata, Rama Krishna Nimmakayala, Raghupathy Vengoji, Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu, Garima Kaushik, Surinder K. Batra, Palanisamy Nallasamy, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Jason M. Foster, Satyanarayana Rachagani, and Lynette M. Smith
Subjects: pancreatic cancer stem cells, 0301 basic medicine, MAPK/ERK pathway, Cancer Research, EGFR, Afatinib, Biology, Deoxycytidine, Article, Metastasis, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, pancreatic cancer metastasis, Cancer stem cell, Cell Line, Tumor, Pancreatic cancer, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Neoplasm Metastasis, Molecular Biology, therapy, Cancer, SOX9 Transcription Factor, medicine.disease, Gemcitabine, ErbB Receptors, Pancreatic Neoplasms, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-beta, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Cancer research, Stem cell, medicine.drug
Abstract: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is difficult to defeat due to mechanism (s) driving metastasis and drug resistance. Cancer stemness is a major challenging phenomenon associated with PC metastasis and limiting therapy efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the pre-clinical and clinical significance of eradicating pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSC) and its components using a pan-EGFR inhibitor afatinib in combination with gemcitabine. Afatinib in combination with gemcitabine significantly reduced KrasG12D/+; Pdx-1 Cre (KC) (P
Published: 2020
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29. The Impact of Prehabilitation on Post-operative Outcomes in Oesophageal Cancer Surgery: a Propensity Score Matched Comparison

Author: George B. Hanna, Venetia Wynter-Blyth, Laura J. Halliday, Krishna Moorthy, and Emre Doganay
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal Neoplasms, Prehabilitation, Exercise therapy, Preoperative care, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Postoperative Period, 030212 general & internal medicine, Post operative, Propensity Score, Science & Technology, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, business.industry, Oesophageal cancer, Incidence (epidemiology), Gastroenterology, Preoperative Exercise, Cancer, 1103 Clinical Sciences, medicine.disease, Pneumonia, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Propensity score matching, Original Article, Surgery, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Cancer surgery
Abstract: Background Patients undergoing oesophageal cancer surgery are often frail with a high risk of post-operative complications. Prehabilitation has been shown to reduce post-operative complications in specific patient populations but evidence in oesophageal cancer patients is inconclusive. Methods Between January 2016 and April 2019, all patients with resectable oesophageal cancer who underwent curative treatment at a specialist tertiary centre participated in a personalised, home-based, multimodal prehabilitation programme. Post-operative complications and hospital stay in this group were compared to a control sample. Propensity score matching was used to control for differences in baseline characteristics. Results Seventy-two patients who completed prehabilitation and 39 control patients were studied; following propensity score matching, there were 38 subjects in each group. In comparison to matched controls, patients in the prehabilitation group had a lower incidence of post-operative pneumonia (prehabilitation = 26%; control = 66%; p = 0.001) and a shorter length of stay (prehabilitation = median 10 days, IQR 8–17 days; control = median 13 days, IQR 11–20 days; p = 0.018). On multivariate regression analysis, participation in prehabilitation was associated with a 77% lower incidence of post-operative pneumonia (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.55 p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of overall complications or severe complications. Conclusion Prehabilitation was associated with a lower incidence of post-operative pneumonia and shorter hospital length of stay following oesophagectomy. This model of home based, personalised, and supervised prehabilitation is effective and relevant to centralised cancer services.
Published: 2020
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30. Endoscopic tumour morphology impacts survival in adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus

Author: Simon L. Parsons, Monika Tripathi, Vijayendran Sujendran, E. Fidziukiewicz, Jim Davies, Ula Mahadeva, Annalise Katz-Summercorn, Neil A. Shepherd, A. Northrop, Simon Tavaré, James A. Gossage, Richard Berrisford, S Lishman, Michael F. Scott, Shaun R. Preston, W. Fickling, Andrew Hindmarsh, Jesper Lagergren, Juliane Perner, Peter Safranek, Hugh Barr, Grant Sanders, Francesca D. Ciccarelli, Xiaodun Li, D. Khoo, Paw Edwards, Helen G. Coleman, Timothy J. Underwood, Christopher J. Peters, D. Loureda, Ayesha Noorani, Laszlo Igali, Maria Secrier, Bhaskar Kumar, Ahmad Miremadi, Irshad Soomro, Wais Habib, Andrew Davies, George B. Hanna, Izhar Bagwan, Matthew D. Eldridge, Andy G. Lynch, S Suortamo, Rehan Haidry, Fuju Chang, Ginny Devonshire, John H. Saunders, Nick Carroll, Michael P. Lewis, Sonia Puig, Stephen J. Hayes, Charles Crichton, Olga Tucker, Sharmila Sothi, Christopher C.W. Hughes, Andrew D Beggs, R. de la Rue, J Zylstra, J. R. O'Neill, Vicki Save, Yeng Ang, Robert C. Walker, E Cheong, Krishna Moorthy, Laurence Lovat, Vicky Goh, Richard J E Skipworth, Richard C. Turkington, S Oakes, Gianmarco Contino, Sriganesh Jammula, R Bott, M O'Donovan, O Old, B Grace, Ricardo McEwen, C Harden, Barbara Nutzinger, Philippe Taniere, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Ben E. Byrne, Shalini Malhotra, Nicola Grehan, Damian T. McManus, Anna M. Grabowska, Andrew D. Sharrocks, Sujath Abbas, William R. C. Knight, Shona MacRae, Philip Kaye, and Ted R. Hupp
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Constriction, Pathologic, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Adenocarcinoma, 030230 surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Polyps, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Endoscopy, Digestive System, Pathological, Ulcer, Neoadjuvant therapy, Survival analysis, Neoplasm Staging, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Hazard ratio, Margins of Excision, Cancer, General Medicine, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Confidence interval, Tumor Burden, Esophagectomy, Survival Rate, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Multivariate Analysis, Surgery, Esophagogastric Junction, Lymph Nodes, Radiology, Neoplasm Grading, business
Abstract: Prognostication in oesophageal cancer on the basis of preoperative variables is challenging. Many of the accepted predictors of survival are only derived after surgical treatment and may be influenced by neoadjuvant therapy. This study aims to explore the relationship between pre-treatment endoscopic tumour morphology and postoperative survival.Patients with endoscopic descriptions of tumours were identified from the prospectively managed databases including the OCCAMS database. Tumours were classified as exophytic, ulcerating or stenosing. Kaplan Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to determine hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals.262 patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma undergoing potentially curative resection were pooled from St Thomas' Hospital (161) and the OCCAMS database (101). There were 70 ulcerating, 114 exophytic and 78 stenosing oesophageal adenocarcinomas. Initial tumour staging was similar across all groups (T3/4 tumours 71.4%, 70.2%, 74.4%). Median survival was 55 months, 51 months and 36 months respectively (p 0.001). Rates of lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.0176), pathological nodal status (P = 0.0195) and pathological T stage (P = 0.0007) increased from ulcerating to exophytic to stenosing lesions. Resection margin positivity was 21.4% in ulcerating tumours compared to 54% in stenosing tumours (p 0.001). When compared to stenosing lesions, exophytic and ulcerating lesions demonstrated a significant survival advantage on multivariable analysis (HR 0.56 95% CI 0.31-0.93, HR 0.42 95% CI 0.21-0.82).This study demonstrates that endoscopic morphology may be an important pre-treatment prognostic factor in oesophageal cancer. Ulcerating, exophytic and stenosing tumours may represent different pathological processes and tumour biology.
Published: 2020
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31. Molecular identification and structural detection of anti-cancer compound from marine Streptomyces akiyoshiensis GRG 6 (KY457710) against MCF-7 breast cancer cells

Author: Shine Kadaikunnan, Natesan Manoharan, A. Antony Joseph Velanganni, Naiyf S. Alharbi, Jamal M. Khaled, Govindan Rajivgandhi, Moorthy Rajesh Kannan, Wen-Jun Li, Govindan Ramachandran, Jia-Ling Li, and Ling-Zi Yin
Subjects: Cytotoxicity assay, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Thin layer chromatography, 01 natural sciences, Stain, Actinomycetes, Fluorescence microscope, medicine, lcsh:Science (General), Cytotoxicity, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, Chromatography, Chemistry, Cancer, Preparative HPLC, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, medicine.disease, MCF-7, Nuclear damages, Cancer cell, Breast cancer cells, 0210 nano-technology, Streptomyces akiyoshiensis, Morphological damages, lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract: The current study was concentrated to detection of anti-cancer compound from marine Streptomyces akiyoshiensis GRG 6 (KY457710) against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The partial purification of TLC was moved three different active spots. Among the spots, the third spot of the extract was shown excellent anti-cancer properties against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The available anti-cancer compounds present in the partially purified extract was confirmed by GC–MS data interpretation. Three fractions of the compounds were purified by preparative HPLC and their respective spectrum was confirmed by analytical HPLC. Active anti-cancer fraction was separately purified by preparative HPLC and the cytotoxicity result was shown with 100 µg/mL concentration. The anti-cancer compound of pyrrolo [1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3 was detected by LC-MS analysis after interpretation with GC–MS data. Further, the morphological damages and increased proliferation with more death cells of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3 treated MCF-7 were observed by phase contrast and fluorescence microscope techniques. Finally, the nuclear condensation and increased necrotic cells of the pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3 treated MCF-7 cells was clearly identified by fluorescence microscope techniques using Hoechst 33,342 stain. Therefore, our result was prove, the pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3 rich Streptomyces akiyoshiensis GRG 6 (KY457710) as a potential anti-cancer agent against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Published: 2020
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32. Hypertrophied Right Inferior Phrenic Artery in Cirrhotic Patients without Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Interesting Observation on 256 Slice Multidetector Computed Tomography

Author: Srikanth Moorthy, NK Prabhu, Chinmay Kulkarni, P. K. Nazar, and Sreekumar Karumathil Pullara
Subjects: lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, Cirrhosis, lcsh:R895-920, Diaphragmatic breathing, multidetector computed tomography, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, celiac artery, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, chemoembolization, business.industry, Vascular disease, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, Retrospective cohort study, Blood flow, medicine.disease, inferior phrenic artery, aorta, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Portal hypertension, business, Nuclear medicine
Abstract: Aim To evaluate whether right inferior phrenic artery (RIPA) is a source of extrahepatic arterial supply to the liver in cirrhotic patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using 256 slice computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective study. A total of 262 consecutive cirrhotic patients (male:female–172:90; mean age 56.45 ± 12.96 years) without HCC and hepatic vascular invasion, and who underwent technically successful multiphase CT, were included in the study. Additionally, 280 noncirrhotic patients (male:female–169:111; mean age 54.56 ± 14.21 years) who underwent abdominal multiphase CT scans for indications other than liver disease and did not have focal liver lesions or hepatic vascular disease were included as a control group. The RIPA and left inferior phrenic artery (LIPA) diameters were measured at the level of the ascending segment of IPA located anterior to the diaphragmatic crus. The relationship between RIPA diameters and Child–Pugh score was assessed. Results The cirrhotic patient group and control group were matched for age (p = 0.11) and gender (p = 0.20). The mean diameter of RIPA in the cirrhotic group (1.93 ± 0.4 mm) was significantly higher than in the control group (1.50 ± 0.5 mm), p < 0.001. The mean diameter of LIPA in the cirrhotic group (1.34 ± 0.5 mm) was not significantly higher than in the control group (1.30 ± 0.5 mm), p = 0.32. We found a statistically linear and moderate degree relationship between RIPA diameter values and Child–Pugh scores (p = 0.002, r = 0.593). Conclusion RIPA is hypertrophied in patients with cirrhosis without HCC. It may be an important contributor to the blood flow to the liver in cirrhotic patients even without HCC, especially with portal hypertension.
Published: 2020
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33. A Multicenter, International Collaborative Study for American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging of Retinoblastoma

Author: Andrey A. Yarovoy, Jason C. S. Yam, Tero Kivelä, Brenda L. Gallie, Jonathan W. Kim, Ekaterina Semenova, Guillermo Chantada, Genoveva Correa-Llano, Adriana Fandiño, Matthew W. Wilson, Suganeswari Ganesan, Ashwin Mallipatna, Jaume Català, Sonia Moorthy, Elisa Carreras, Olga V Yugay, Ankit Singh Tomar, Junyang Zhao, Marco A. Ramirez-Ortiz, Tatiana L Ushakova, Michala Burges, Vikas Khetan, Vera Adobea Essuman, Chengyue Zhang, Winnie W. Y. Lau, V.G. Polyakov, Yacoub A. Yousef, Paula Schaiquevich, Kalle Nummi, Carol P. S. Lam, Phillipa Sharwood, Rachel C. Brenna, Paul T. Finger, Elena Kotova, Quah Boon Long, Vera Yarovaya, Lorna Renner, and Elizabeth Esparza-Aguiar
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Chemotherapy, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Retinoblastoma, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Enucleation, Cancer, medicine.disease, Intraocular Retinoblastoma, eye diseases, Treatment failure, 3. Good health, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, 0302 clinical medicine, Treatment success, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, medicine, sense organs, business, 030304 developmental biology, Cancer staging
Abstract: Purpose To evaluate the ability of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition to predict local tumor control and globe salvage for children with retinoblastoma (RB). Design International, multicenter, registry-based retrospective case series. Participants A total of 2854 eyes of 2097 patients from 18 ophthalmic oncology centers from 13 countries over 6 continents. Methods International, multicenter, registry-based data were pooled from patients enrolled between January 2001 and December 2013. All RB eyes with adequate records to allow tumor staging by the AJCC 8th edition criteria and follow-up to ascertain treatment outcomes were included. Main Outcome Measures Globe-salvage rates were estimated by AJCC clinical (cTNMH) categories and tumor laterality. Local treatment failure was defined as use of enucleation or external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), with or without plaque brachytherapy or intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC). Results Unilateral RB occurred in 1340 eyes (47%). Among the 2854 eyes, tumor categories were cT1 to cT4 in 696 eyes (24%), 1334 eyes (47%), 802 eyes (28%), and 22 eyes (1%), respectively. Of these, 1275 eyes (45%) were salvaged, and 1179 eyes (41%) and 400 eyes (14%) underwent primary and secondary enucleation, respectively. The 2- and 5-year Kaplan–Meier cumulative globe-salvage rates without the use of EBRT by cTNMH categories were 97% and 96% for category cT1a tumors, 94% and 88% for cT1b tumors, 68% and 60% for cT2a tumors, 66% and 57% for cT2b tumors, and 32% and 25% for cT3 tumors, respectively. Risk of local treatment failure increased with increasing cT category (P Conclusions Multicenter, international, internet-based data sharing validated the 8th edition AJCC RB staging to predict globe-salvage in a large, heterogeneous, real-world patient population with RB.
Published: 2020
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34. A Multicenter, International Collaborative Study for American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging of Retinoblastoma

Author: Kalle Nummi, Carol P. S. Lam, Phillipa Sharwood, Tero Kivelä, Brenda L. Gallie, Adriana Fandiño, Quah Boon Long, Vera Yarovaya, Guillermo Chantada, Sonia Moorthy, Jason C. S. Yam, Tatiana L Ushakova, Jaume Català, Matthew W. Wilson, Marco A. Ramirez-Ortiz, Winnie W. Y. Lau, Lorna Renner, Junyang Zhao, Ashwin Mallipatna, Chengyue Zhang, Ankit Singh Tomar, Vikas Khetan, V.G. Polyakov, Vera Adobea Essuman, Elizabeth Esparza-Aguiar, Suganeswari Ganesan, Jonathan W. Kim, Olga V Yugay, Genoveva Correa-Llano, Andrey A. Yarovoy, Paula Schaiquevich, Paul T. Finger, Elena Kotova, and Yacoub A. Yousef
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Trilateral retinoblastoma, business.industry, Mortality rate, Enucleation, Cancer, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Metastasis, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Medicine, business, Pathological, 030304 developmental biology, Cancer staging
Abstract: Purpose To evaluate the ability of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Cancer Staging Manual to estimate metastatic and mortality rates for children with retinoblastoma (RB). Design International, multicenter, registry-based retrospective case series. Participants A total of 2190 patients from 18 ophthalmic oncology centers from 13 countries over 6 continents. Methods Patient-specific data fields for RB were designed and selected by subcommittee. All patients with RB with adequate records to allow tumor staging by the AJCC criteria and follow-up for metastatic disease were studied. Main Outcome Measures Metastasis-related 5- and 10-year survival data after initial tumor staging were estimated with the Kaplan–Meier method depending on AJCC clinical (cTNM) and pathological (pTNM) tumor, node, metastasis category and age, tumor laterality, and presence of heritable trait. Results Of 2190 patients, the records of 2085 patients (95.2%) with 2905 eyes were complete. The median age at diagnosis was 17.0 months. A total of 1260 patients (65.4%) had unilateral RB. Among the 2085 patients, tumor categories were cT1a in 55 (2.6%), cT1b in 168 (8.1%), cT2a in 197 (9.4%), cT2b in 812 (38.9%), cT3 in 835 (40.0%), and cT4 in 18 (0.9%). Of these, 1397 eyes in 1353 patients (48.1%) were treated with enucleation. A total of 109 patients (5.2%) developed metastases and died. The median time (n = 92) from diagnosis to metastasis was 9.50 months. The 5-year Kaplan–Meier cumulative survival estimates by clinical tumor categories were 100% for category cT1a, 98% (95% confidence interval [CI], 97–99) for cT1b and cT2a, 96% (95% CI, 95–97) for cT2b, 89% (95% CI, 88–90) for cT3 tumors, and 45% (95% CI, 31–59) for cT4 tumors. Risk of metastasis increased with increasing cT (and pT) category (P Conclusions Multicenter, international, internet-based data sharing facilitated analysis of the 8th edition AJCC RB Staging System for metastasis-related mortality and offered a proof of concept yielding quantitative, predictive estimates per category in a large, real-life, heterogeneous patient population with RB.
Published: 2020
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35. Assessment of regional aerosol radiative effects under the SWAAMI campaign – Part 2: Clear-sky direct shortwave radiative forcing using multi-year assimilated data over the Indian subcontinent

Author: H. S. Pathak, S. K. Satheesh, K. K. Moorthy, and R. S. Nanjundiah
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, Radiative forcing, Seasonality, Monsoon, Atmospheric sciences, medicine.disease, 01 natural sciences, Arid, lcsh:QC1-999, Aerosol, lcsh:Chemistry, Radiative flux, lcsh:QD1-999, Radiative transfer, medicine, Environmental science, Shortwave, lcsh:Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Clear-sky, direct shortwave aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) has been estimated over the Indian region, for the first time employing multi-year (2009–2013) gridded, assimilated aerosol products, as an important part of the South West Asian Aerosol Monsoon Interactions (SWAAMI) which is a joint Indo-UK research field campaign focused at understanding the variabilities in atmospheric aerosols and their interactions with the Indian summer monsoon. The aerosol datasets have been constructed following statistical assimilation of concurrent data from a dense network of ground-based observatories and multi-satellite products, as described in Part 1 of this two-part paper. The ARF, thus estimated, is assessed for its superiority or otherwise over other ARF estimates based on satellite-retrieved aerosol products, over the Indian region, by comparing the radiative fluxes (upward) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) estimated using assimilated and satellite products with spatiotemporally matched radiative flux values provided by CERES (Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System) single-scan footprint (SSF) product. This clearly demonstrated improved accuracy of the forcing estimates using the assimilated vis-à-vis satellite-based aerosol datasets at regional, subregional and seasonal scales. The regional distribution of diurnally averaged ARF estimates has revealed (a) significant differences from similar estimates made using currently available satellite data, not only in terms of magnitude but also the sign of TOA forcing; (b) the largest magnitudes of surface cooling and atmospheric warming over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and arid regions from north-western India; and (c) negative TOA forcing over most parts of the Indian region, except for three subregions – the IGP, north-western India and eastern parts of peninsular India where the TOA forcing changes to positive during pre-monsoon season. Aerosol-induced atmospheric warming rates, estimated using the assimilated data, demonstrate substantial spatial heterogeneities (∼0.2 to 2.0 K d−1) over the study domain with the IGP demonstrating relatively stronger atmospheric heating rates (∼0.6 to 2.0 K d−1). There exists a strong seasonality as well, with atmospheric warming being highest during pre-monsoon and lowest during winter seasons. It is to be noted that the present ARF estimates demonstrate substantially smaller uncertainties than their satellite counterparts, which is a natural consequence of reduced uncertainties in assimilated vis-à-vis satellite aerosol properties. The results demonstrate the potential application of the assimilated datasets and ARF estimates for improving accuracies of climate impact assessments at regional and subregional scales.
Published: 2020

36. Oxygen-mediated lung injury in mice lacking the gene for NRF2: Rescue with the cytochrome P4501A-inducer, beta-naphthoflavone (BNF), and differential sex-specific effects

Author: Danielle A. Callaway, Bhagavatula Moorthy, Weiwu Jiang, Lihua Wang, and Krithika Lingappan
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, ARDS, NF-E2-Related Factor 2, Inflammation, Hyperoxia, Lung injury, beta-Naphthoflavone, digestive system, environment and public health, Biochemistry, Article, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1, medicine, Animals, Humans, Lung, biology, business.industry, CYP1A2, Cytochrome P450, Lung Injury, respiratory system, Pulmonary edema, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oxygen, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, biology.protein, Female, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) leads to progressive lung injury, which significantly impacts patient morbidity and mortality but may differ clinically between the sexes. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A enzymes are protective against hyperoxic lung injury and may contribute to sex-dependent pathology. NRF2 is a critical transcriptional regulator of antioxidants and loss of NRF2 leads to severe hyperoxic lung injury and mortality in mice. NRF2 deficiencies and polymorphisms have been observed in patients with pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe asthma. No prior studies have evaluated whether there are sex-specific differences in oxygen-mediated lung injury in Nrf2(−/−) mice and there are few rescue studies. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that hyperoxia induces greater lung injury and inflammation in Nrf2(−/−) mice compared to wild type (WT) that differs between sexes, and that this phenotype will be rescued by the administration of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A inducer beta-naphthoflavone (BNF). DESIGN/METHODS: Male and female 8–10-week-old WT or Nrf2(−/−) C57BL/6 mice were pre-treated with BNF (40 mg/kg) or corn oil control and exposed to hyperoxia (95% O(2)) for 68 hours. Survival, pulmonary edema, neutrophil recruitment, and lung injury scores were evaluated. Gene expression of phase II detoxification enzymes, pulmonary cytokines, and Cyp1a1/2 was quantified. CYP1A1/2 protein expression and catalytic activities were also measured. RESULTS: Hyperoxia exposure greatly reduced survival in Nrf2(−/−) mice, particularly in females. BNF treatment improved survival by 182.8% in Nrf2(−/−) females and by 41.4% in Nrf2(−/−) males as well as in WT females by 85.7%. Females had greater pulmonary edema as measured by lung weight to body weight ratios but was attenuated in all groups except Nrf2(−/−) females by BNF. Neutrophils doubled in Nrf2(−/−) lungs compared to WT in hyperoxia but were decreased in BNF-treated females of both genotypes. Pulmonary cytokine gene expression including Il-6 and Tnf-α increased in hyperoxia especially in Nrf2(−/−) mice and was unaffected by BNF. Pulmonary and hepatic Nqo1 gene expression w-as decreased in Nrf2(−/−) mice and was largely unaffected by BNF; however pulmonary Ho-1 did not vary significantly between the genotypes and was decreased in WT animals treated with BNF. Activities and protein expression of pulmonary and hepatic CYP1A1/2 were induced via BNF across all groups. Although hepatic Cyp1a2 gene expression was higher in Nrf2(−/−) males, the catalytic activity was higher in Nrf2(−/−) females. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperoxia augmented lung injury in Nrf2(−/−) mice, and pre-treatment with BNF was protective against mortality and injury, eliminating the sex-dependent survival difference in both genotypes. Our results support the hypothesis that NRF2 protects mice against lung injury, and the fact that BNF rescues the lung injury phenotype in Nrf2(−/−) mice suggests that augmented CYP1A expression by BNF may contribute to the beneficial effects. Further studies could lead to the development of BNF and other flavonoids for the prevention/treatment of hyperoxic lung injury, particularly in vulnerable patients with relative NRF2 deficiency, regardless of sex.
Published: 2020
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37. Impact of Secukinumab on Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis: Current Perspectives

Author: Arumugam Moorthy, Hasan Tahir, and Antoni Chan
Subjects: 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, medicine.medical_specialty, Work productivity, Ankylosing spondylitis, Younger age, business.industry, Signs and symptoms, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Quality of life, Internal medicine, medicine, In patient, Secukinumab, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Abstract: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic rheumatic disease involving inflammation of the joints and spine, which carries a substantial, life-long burden for the patient. Secukinumab is a fully human anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody, approved in the USA and EU for the treatment of AS. In this narrative review, we searched PubMed with the aim of consolidating the recent literature regarding the impact of secukinumab on patient-reported outcomes in patients with AS. A large clinical trial program has demonstrated the efficacy of secukinumab in relieving the signs and symptoms of AS. Most importantly from a patient perspective, secukinumab has produced improvements in a range of patient-reported outcomes (PROs), including pain, fatigue, quality of life and work productivity, as well as composite measures including patient-reported elements, such as the Bath indices and Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) response criteria. Benefits to patients were rapid, and sustained in the long term (up to 5 years). The positive effect of secukinumab was seen regardless of whether patients had previously been treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapies. Greater improvements in PROs were associated with patients being anti-TNF-naive, of a younger age, with shorter disease duration and higher objective measures of inflammation at baseline. The available real-world evidence suggests that the effects of secukinumab on PROs in clinical practice are consistent with those seen in clinical trials, and evidence in a real-world setting continues to be collected.
Published: 2020
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38. Potential role of drug metabolizing enzymes in chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity and hepatotoxicity

Author: Junqing Huang, Cathryn Wang, Gabriel Tao, Ming Hu, Bhagavatula Moorthy, Song Gao, and Romi Ghose
Subjects: Drug, Gastrointestinal Diseases, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, Antineoplastic Agents, Inflammation, Pharmacology, Toxicology, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, Humans, Medicine, Adverse effect, media_common, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Cancer, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Drug metabolizing enzymes, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Toxicity, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, medicine.symptom, business, Drug metabolism, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Introduction Toxicity of chemotherapy drugs is the leading cause of poor therapeutic outcome in many cancer patients. Gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity and hepatotoxicity are among the most common side effects of current chemotherapies. Emerging studies indicate that many chemotherapy-induced toxicities are driven by drug metabolism, but very few reviews summarize the role of drug metabolism in chemotherapy-induced GI toxicity and hepatotoxicity. In this review, we highlighted the importance of drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in chemotherapy toxicity. Areas covered Our review demonstrated that altered activity of DMEs play important role in chemotherapy-induced GI toxicity and hepatotoxicity. Besides direct changes in catalytic activities, the transcription of DMEs is also affected by inflammation, cell-signaling pathways, and/or by drugs in cancer patients due to the disease etiology. Expert opinion More studies should focus on how DMEs are altered during chemotherapy treatment, and how such changes affect the metabolism of chemotherapy drug itself. This mutual interaction between chemotherapies and DMEs can lead to excessive exposure of parent drug or toxic metabolites which ultimately cause GI adverse effect.
Published: 2020
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39. Epidermal Neurite Density in Skin Biopsies From Patients With Juvenile Fibromyalgia

Author: Shan Chen, Daniel B. Horton, Hang Lee, L. Nandini Moorthy, Ian Farquhar, Heather M. Downs, Alexis Boneparth, and Anne Louise Oaklander
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Fibromyalgia, Adolescent, Biopsy, Immunology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Internal medicine, Skin surface, Neurites, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Juvenile, Clinical significance, Child, Skin, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Dysautonomia, medicine.disease, Skin biopsy, Chronic Pain, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: ObjectiveFibromyalgia (FM) is defined by idiopathic, chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain. In adults with FM, a metaanalysis of lower-leg skin biopsy demonstrated 45% pooled prevalence of abnormally low epidermal neurite density (END). END < 5th centile of the normal distribution is the consensus diagnostic threshold for small-fiber neuropathy. However, the clinical significance of END findings in FM is unknown. Here, we examine the prevalence of small-fiber pathology in juvenile FM, which has not been studied previously.MethodsWe screened 21 patients aged 13–20 years with FM diagnosed by pediatric rheumatologists. Fifteen meeting the American College of Rheumatology criteria (modified for juvenile FM) underwent lower-leg measurements of END and completed validated questionnaires assessing pain, functional disability, and dysautonomia symptoms. The primary outcome was proportion of FM patients with END < 5th centile of age/sex/race-based laboratory norms. Cases were systematically matched by ethnicity, race, sex, and age to a group of previously biopsied healthy adolescents with selection blinded to biopsy results. All 23 controls matching demographic criteria were included.ResultsAmong biopsied juvenile FM patients, 53% (8/15) had END < 5th centile vs 4% (1/23) of healthy controls (P < 0.001). Mean patient END was 273/mm2 skin surface (95% CI 198–389) vs 413/mm2 (95% CI 359–467, P < 0.001). As expected, patients with FM reported more functional disability, dysautonomia, and pain than healthy controls.ConclusionAbnormal END reduction is common in adolescents with FM, with similar prevalence in adults with FM. More studies are needed to fully characterize the significance of low END in FM and to elucidate the clinical implications of these findings.
Published: 2020
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40. Long-term outcomes of patients with primary or residual vestibular schwannoma treated with LINAC-based stereotactic radiosurgery: a single-centre experience

Author: Jebakarunya Reddy, Sunitha Susan Varghese, Bijesh Yadav, Ranjith K Moorthy, Harshad Arvind Vanjare, Patricia Sebastian, Krishna Prabhu, and Subhashini John
Subjects: Vestibular system, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Schwannoma, medicine.disease, Radiosurgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Single centre, 0302 clinical medicine, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Long term outcomes, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Aim:Vestibular schwannomas (VS) are benign slow-growing tumours treated either with microsurgery or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or both. The aim of this study was to correlate the outcome factors—tumour control and adverse factors—facial nerve function and hearing loss with patient and treatment factors.Materials and methods:A retrospective review of the records of 98 patients with 99 VS treated from June 2007 to June 2014, all patients receiving Linear Accelerator (LINAC)-based SRS.Results:Median follow-up period was 5·6 years (range: 1–12 years). The response to treatment was stable disease in 37 (37·4%), regression in 46 (46·5%), asymptomatic minimal progression in 9 (9·1%) and symptomatic progression in 5 (5%) and unknown in 2 (2%) patients. There was no evidence of SRS induced tissue damage on magnetic resonance scans for any. Hearing preservation rate after SRS was 92%. The patients who developed worsening of facial function were predominantly in the cohort that had prior surgery.Findings:SRS is an effective modality to treat VS lesser than 3 cm in size. Tumour control rate was 95% with a median follow-up period of 5·6 years. The complication rates were 8% each for facial function worsening and worsening of hearing. Prior surgery was a statistically significant factor that affected facial nerve function deterioration.
Published: 2020
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41. Imaging of Tropical Chronic Pancreatitis—A Unique Clinico-Radiological Entity

Author: Resmi Sekhar, Chinmay Kulkarni, Ramiah Rajesh Kannan, NK Prabhu, Srikanth Moorthy, and Sreekumar Karumathil Pullara
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Internal medicine, Younger age, Pancreatic malignancy, tropical pancreatitis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, pancreatic malignancy, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, magnetic resonance imaging, lcsh:RC799-869, lcsh:RC31-1245, business.industry, computed tomography, medicine.disease, Review article, chronic calcific pancreatitis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Radiological weapon, Pancreatitis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, mutation, business
Abstract: Tropical chronic pancreatitis (TCP) is a unique juvenile nonalcoholic form of chronic pancreatitis prevalent in tropical developing countries. TCP is characterized by the younger age of onset, rapid progression, higher prevalence of diabetes and pancreatic calculi, and greater propensity to develop pancreatic malignancy. Identifying the distinct imaging features is critical for the diagnosis of TCP. Awareness of this condition will not only enable the radiologist to recognize it early but also help in better management. In this article, we review the etiopathogenesis, distinct imaging features, and complications of TCP.
Published: 2020
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42. R248W Mutations in p53 Gene are Rare Among Indian Patients with Head-and-Neck Cancer

Author: Ashna Gauthaman and Anbalagan Moorthy
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, Head and neck cancer, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, genomic DNA, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, biology.protein, Medicine, Personalized medicine, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, business, Carcinogenesis, Gene, Polymerase
Abstract: Cancer is one of the curses to humankind, decades of research in eradicating the disease from the society is proven difficult. Close interaction between clinicians and scientists helps us to translate clinical observations into molecular mechanism of the disease. The Cancer Genome Atlas data suggest that genetic alterations in p53 gene play a crucial role in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumorigenesis. Understanding p53 aberrations and their impact on other cellular activities can help with the design of new, more effective therapeutic strategy that target p53 mutation-bearing HNSCC, thereby producing a personalized medicine approach for the disease.In an effort to identify the role of R248W mutation of p53 gene in HNSCC patients of Indian origin, tumor samples were collected from 55 patients (n = 55), and polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was used to screen for the mutation using genomic DNA isolated from the tumors.The results reveal that except for one patient (heterozygous), all the patients were negative for the mutation.These results suggest that p53 R248W mutations are less prevalent in HNSCC Indian patients.
Published: 2020
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43. Valuation of air pollution externalities: comparative assessment of economic damage and emission reduction under COVID-19 lockdown

Author: Kavya Musugu, Ankit Gupta, Hemant Bherwani, Moorthy M Nair, Atya Kapley, Rakesh Kumar, and Sneha Gautam
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Chronic bronchitis, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Air pollution, Disease, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Article, Environmental health, Pandemic, Medicine, Mortality, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Exposure assessment, COPD, business.industry, COVID – 19, Economy, Per capita income, medicine.disease, Pollution, Coronavirus, Externalities, business, Externality
Abstract: Air pollution (AP) is one of the major causes of health risks as it leads to widespread morbidity and mortality each year. Its environmental impacts include acid rains, reduced visibility, but more importantly and significantly, it affects human health. The price tag of not managing AP is seen in the rise of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, and respiratory ailments like asthma and chronic bronchitis. But as the world battles the corona pandemic, COVID-19 lockdown has abruptly halted human activity, leading to a significant reduction in AP levels. The effect of this reduction is captured by reduced cases of morbidity and mortality associated with air pollution. The current study aims to monetarily quantify the decline in health impacts due to reduced AP levels under lockdown scenario, as against business as usual, for four cities—Delhi, London, Paris, and Wuhan. The exposure assessment with respect to pollutants like particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), NO2, and SO2 are evaluated. Value of statistical life (VSL), cost of illness (CoI), and per capita income (PCI) for disability-adjusted life years (DALY) are used to monetize the health impacts for the year 2019 and 2020, considering the respective period of COVID-19 lockdown of four cities. The preventive benefits related to reduced AP due to lockdown is evaluated in comparison to economic damage sustained by these four cities. This helps in understanding the magnitude of actual damage and brings out a more holistic picture of the damages related to lockdown.
Published: 2020
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44. Measurement of cervical spinal canal diameter by radiographs to study the degree of cervical spinal canal stenosis in an Indian population; Predictive value of Torgs ratio to assess cervical spinal canal stenosis

Author: Peter Ericson Lingamdenne, N L N Moorthy, D Krishna Chaitanya Reddy, and Seema Madan
Subjects: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, medicine.medical_specialty, Strategy and Management, Radiography, Pharmaceutical Science, Cervical spinal canal, Asymptomatic, 03 medical and health sciences, Myelopathy, 0302 clinical medicine, Drug Discovery, Cervical spinal canal stenosis, medicine, Spinal canal, Marketing, Pharmacology, 030222 orthopedics, business.industry, Cervical spinal stenosis, medicine.disease, Stenosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Introduction: Cervical myelopathy a debilitating degenerative condition occurs due to cervical spinal canal stenosis, the incidence of which increases significantly with age and is more common above the age of 50 years. Imaging of the spinal canal is an indispensable procedure for evaluation of cervical myelopathy and standard lateral radiographs remain the recommended initial imaging study of choice. The present study was undertaken to measure the cervical spinal canal diameter by lateral radiographs of the cervical spine and to study the degree of cervical spinal canal stenosis in symptomatic patients and asymptomatic cases. The canal body ratio and its reliability to assess cervical spinal canal stenosis and risk of cervical myelopathy was evaluated. Materials and Methods: In this study 200 cases who presented to the radiology department for radiographs of cervical spine, were divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic cases and were grouped age wise. Measurements of the cervical vertebral body and cervical spinal canal were taken. Torg ratio was assessed. The measurements were analyzed statistically and results tabulated. Results: Cervical spinal canal diameter was lower in symptomatic cases as compared to asymptomatic cases across all age groups and the lowest value was measured at C3 level. All the symptomatic cases had Torg ratio of less than 0.82, and that of C3 was lowest. The data analysis showed the sensitivity of the Torg ratio as 100%. 40% of patients above 50 years were symptomatic and had cervical spinal canal stenosis on lateral radiographs. Conclusions: Our results suggest that plain films can estimate the cervical spinal canal midsagittal diameter and be used as a first step examination for the evaluation of cervical spinal stenosis. The importance of canal body ratio in lateral cervical radiographs for determining the stenosis of cervical spinal canal is confirmed. Keywords: Cervical spine, Canal stenosis, Radiographs.
Published: 2020
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45. Prebiotic potential of polyphenols, its effect on gut microbiota and anthropometric/clinical markers: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials

Author: Sabrina Anne Jacob, Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk, Uma Devi Palanisamy, and Mohanambal Moorthy
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Waist, biology, business.industry, Colorectal cancer, Prebiotic, medicine.medical_treatment, Gut flora, Cochrane Library, Anthropometry, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Jadad scale, QR, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Internal medicine, Medicine, business, Food Science, Biotechnology, Bifidobacterium
Abstract: Background Polyphenols have been implicated to have numerous health benefits, and much of these are attributed to the metabolism of phenolic compounds by gut microbiota. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of polyphenol consumption in modulating gut microbiota and anthropometric variables/clinical markers in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Scope and approach We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane library and Web of Science databases from inception to31st July 2019 following the PRIMSA guidelines.RCTs reporting on the effects of polyphenol consumption on gut microbes, and anthropometric variables (body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference)/clinical markers (CVD markers, and colon cancer markers) were included in this review. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool and Jadad scale. Key findings and conclusion Seventeen RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies highlighted significant changes in the microbial profile, while 15 reported significant changes in CVD and colon cancer markers. The univariate correlation data showed a significant correlation between certain genera with clinical markers, specifically TNFα, cholesterol, HDL, CRP, and LPS. In the multivariate analysis, negative correlations were reported between Lactobacillus and TAG, CRP, Bacteroides with TAG, HDL, DBP, and SBP, and Bifidobacterium with cholesterol and CRP. This review supports the notion of polyphenols as prebiotics as significant modulation of intestinal microbes affecting mainly CVD markers were found in most of the RCTs. Further well-structured trials with larger sample size, longer duration, and high-throughput molecular techniques, will provide more conclusive results. Protocol registration number PROSPERO; CRD42017077577
Published: 2020
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46. Vancomycin‐Induced Kidney Injury: Animal Models of Toxicodynamics, Mechanisms of Injury, Human Translation, and Potential Strategies for Prevention

Author: Marc H. Scheetz, Sanja Zepcan, Jiajun Liu, Nathaniel J. Rhodes, Ganesh S. Moorthy, Gwendolyn M Pais, Kevin J. Downes, and Sean N. Avedissian
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Toxicodynamics, 030106 microbiology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pharmacology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Nephrotoxicity, 03 medical and health sciences, Route of administration, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Vancomycin, medicine, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), business.industry, Acute kidney injury, Acute Kidney Injury, medicine.disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Disease Models, Animal, Toxicity, business, Oxidative stress, medicine.drug
Abstract: Vancomycin is a recommended therapy in multiple national guidelines. Despite the common use, there is a poor understanding of the mechanistic drivers and potential modifiers of vancomycin-mediated kidney injury. In this review, historic and contemporary rates of vancomycin-induced kidney injury (VIKI) are described, and toxicodynamic models and mechanisms of toxicity from preclinical studies are reviewed. Aside from known clinical covariates that worsen VIKI, preclinical models have demonstrated that various factors impact VIKI, including dose, route of administration, and thresholds for pharmacokinetic parameters. The degree of acute kidney injury (AKI) is greatest with the intravenous route and higher doses that produce larger maximal concentrations and areas under the concentration curve. Troughs (i.e., minimum concentrations) have less of an impact. Mechanistically, preclinical studies have identified that VIKI is a result of drug accumulation in proximal tubule cells, which triggers cellular oxidative stress and apoptosis. Yet, there are several gaps in the knowledge that may represent viable targets to make vancomycin therapy less toxic. Potential strategies include prolonging infusions and lowering maximal concentrations, administration of antioxidants, administering agents that decrease cellular accumulation, and reformulating vancomycin to alter the renal clearance mechanism. Based on preclinical models and mechanisms of toxicity, we propose potential strategies to lessen VIKI.
Published: 2020
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47. Meeting report: WHO consultation on accelerating Lassa fever vaccine development in endemic countries, Dakar, 10–11 September 2019

Author: Vasee S. Moorthy, Adebola Olayinka, Pete Smith, Diadié Maïga, Pierre Formenty, Kolawole Salami, and Pierre-Stéphane Gsell
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, viruses, 030231 tropical medicine, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Lassa fever, Licensure, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Public health, Product profile, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Vaccine trial, Phase 1 trials, virus diseases, medicine.disease, Infectious Diseases, Family medicine, Molecular Medicine, business, Malaria
Abstract: At the time of writing in 2019, there have been 754 confirmed cases of Lassa fever in Nigeria, 21% of whom have died. Lassa is on the priority pathogen list for WHO’s R&D Blueprint for Action to Prevent Epidemics. In September 2019, WHO convened 67 scientists, regulators, ethicists, public health officials, funders and vaccine developers to discuss the end-to-end clinical development plan for Lassa fever vaccines. The substantial increases in vaccine trial capacity in Africa were reviewed, together with lessons learned from the evaluation of vaccines against HIV, TB, malaria, and Ebola in Africa. Participants agreed on a pathway for Lassa vaccine trial progression, as outlined in WHO’s Lassa fever R&D roadmap and the WHO Lassa fever Target Product Profile. Two Phase 1 trials of Lassa vaccines have already started, and it was agreed that continuing interactions between high income and African regulatory and ethics authorities and WHO will be important in progression towards Phase 2b/3 efficacy trials in Lassa fever endemic areas. There was agreement that, for diseases whose burden is mainly in Africa, it should be the norm that African regulatory authorities are consulted on trial design/progression before first-in-human Phase 1 trials. Phase 2b-3 vaccine trial capacity needs to be in place in high Lassa fever burden areas where efficacy trials will take place. Licensure of one or more Lassa fever vaccines suitable for West African populations is a realistic goal in the next 5 years, with CEPI and WHO aligned on the pathway forward for vaccine development.
Published: 2020
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48. Adherence to Pre-operative Exercise and the Response to Prehabilitation in Oesophageal Cancer Patients

Author: Venetia Wynter-Blyth, John Buckley, Emre Doganay, Laura J. Halliday, Hayley Osborn, and K Moorthy
Subjects: Respiratory complications, medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Prehabilitation, Exercise therapy, Lower risk, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Preoperative Care, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Oesophageal cancer, Gastroenterology, Preoperative Exercise, Cancer, Cardiorespiratory fitness, medicine.disease, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Pre operative, Pneumonia, Physical Fitness, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pre-operative care, Physical therapy, Original Article, Surgery, business
Abstract: Background Prehabilitation is thought to reduce post-operative respiratory complications by optimising fitness before surgery. This prospective, single-centre study aimed to establish the effect of pre-operative exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness in oesophageal cancer patients and characterise the effect of adherence and weekly physical activity on response to prehabilitation. Methods Patients received a personalised, home-based pre-operative exercise programme and self-reported their adherence each week. Cardiorespiratory fitness (pVO2max and O2 pulse) was assessed at diagnosis, following completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and immediately before surgery. Study outcomes included changes in fitness and post-operative pneumonia. Results Sixty-seven patients with oesophageal cancer underwent prehabilitation followed by surgery between January 2016 and December 2018. Fitness was preserved during NAC and then increased prior to surgery (pV02max Δ = +2.6 ml min−1, 95% CI 1.2–4.0 p = 0.001; O2 pulse Δ = +1.4 ml beat−1 95% CI 0.5–2.3 p = 0.001). Patients with higher baseline fitness completed more physical activity. Regression analyses found adherence was associated with improvement in fitness immediately before surgery (p = 0.048), and the amount of physical activity completed was associated with the risk of post-operative pneumonia (p = 0.035). Conclusion Pre-operative exercise can maintain cardiorespiratory fitness during NAC and facilitate an increase in fitness before surgery. Greater exercise volumes were associated with a lower risk of post-operative pneumonia, highlighting the importance progressing exercise programmes throughout prehabilitation. Patients with high baseline fitness completed more physical activity and may require less supervision to reach their exercise goals. Further research is needed to explore stratified approaches to prehabilitation.
Published: 2020
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49. Prevalence of K-ras Codon 12 Mutations in Indian Patients with Head and Neck Cancer

Author: Ashna Gauthaman and Anbalagan Moorthy
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Mutation, Cell division, business.industry, Somatic cell, Clinical Biochemistry, Head and neck cancer, Cancer, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma, stomatognathic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Germline mutation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Cancer research, business, Gene
Abstract: In human tumors, somatic mutation frequently occur in K-ras gene at codon 12, which makes the K-ras protein hyper active leading to uncontrolled signaling for cell division: one of the important hall mark of cancer. In order to correlate mutations in K-ras to cause, response to treatment, disease progression and recurrence of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) the following study was undertaken. By using PCR–RFLP method prevalence of codon 12 in K-ras gene was studied in 56 HNSCC patients. High frequency of K-ras mutation was detected in codon 12 (60.71%). The result of this study helps us in understanding the role of K-ras somatic mutations in HNSCC patients and in designing novel treatment protocols for HNSCC patients.
Published: 2020
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50. Global analysis of human glycosyltransferases reveals novel targets for pancreatic cancer pathogenesis

Author: Seema Chugh, Rama Krishna Nimmakayala, Christopher M. Thompson, Sushil Kumar, Satyanarayana Rachagani, Frank Leon, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Saswati Karmakar, Palanisamy Nallasamy, Rohitesh Gupta, and Dipakkumar R. Prajapati
Subjects: Cancer Research, Glycobiology, Biology, Proteomics, Stem cell marker, N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases, Article, Metastasis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, Pancreatic cancer, medicine, Animals, Humans, Tumour-suppressor proteins, MUC1, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Glycosyltransferases, Correction, medicine.disease, Cell Cycle Gene, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Oncology, Cell culture, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research
Abstract: Background Several reports have shown the role of glycosylation in pancreatic cancer (PC), but a global systematic screening of specific glycosyltransferases (glycoTs) in its progression remains unknown. Methods We demonstrate a rigorous top-down approach using TCGA-based RNA-Seq analysis, multi-step validation using RT-qPCR, immunoblots and immunohistochemistry. We identified six unique glycoTs (B3GNT3, B4GALNT3, FUT3, FUT6, GCNT3 and MGAT3) in PC pathogenesis and studied their function using CRISPR/Cas9-based KD systems. Results Serial metastatic in vitro models using T3M4 and HPAF/CD18, generated in house, exhibited decreases in B3GNT3, FUT3 and GCNT3 expression on increasing metastatic potential. Immunohistochemistry identified clinical significance for GCNT3, B4GALNT3 and MGAT3 in PC. Furthermore, the effects of B3GNT3, FUT3, GCNT3 and MGAT3 were shown on proliferation, migration, EMT and stem cell markers in CD18 cell line. Talniflumate, GCNT3 inhibitor, reduced colony formation and migration in T3M4 and CD18 cells. Moreover, we found that loss of GCNT3 suppresses PC progression and metastasis by downregulating cell cycle genes and β-catenin/MUC4 axis. For GCNT3, proteomics revealed downregulation of MUC5AC, MUC1, MUC5B including many other proteins. Conclusions Collectively, we demonstrate a critical role of O- and N-linked glycoTs in PC progression and delineate the mechanism encompassing the role of GCNT3 in PC.
Published: 2020

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