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The potential hair growth-promoting activity of rice bran supercritical CO2 extract (RB-SCE) and major components of RB-SCE, linoleic acid, policosanol, γ-oryzanol, and γ-tocotrienol, were evaluated with the histological morphology and mRNA expression levels of cell growth factors using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in C57BL/6 mice. RB-SCE showed hair growth-promoting potential to a similar extent as 3% minoxidil, showing that the hair follicles were induced to be in the anagen stage. The numbers of the hair follicles were significantly increased. In addition, mRNA expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) were also significantly increased and that of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) decreased in RB-SCE-treated groups. Among the major components of RB-SCE, linoleic acid and γ-oryzanol induced the formation of hair follicles according to examination of histological morphology and mRNA expression levels of cell growth factors. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that RB-SCE, particularly linoleic acid and γ-oryzanol, promotes hair growth and suggests RB-SCE can be applied as hair loss treatment.

The narrow duplicated internal auditory canal (IAC) is a very rare malformation, and there is no report about the narrow triplicated IAC in the literature. It has been believed to be associated with congenital sensorineural hearing loss and to be a result of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve or the cochlear branch. We present 2 cases of unilateral narrow duplicated IAC and 1 case of unilateral narrow triplicated IAC with ipsilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The separated, accessory bony canals delineated on high-resolution computed tomography do not mean the presence of nerve fibers. In previously presented cases and in our case, the separated small canals were vacant and without a cochlear nerve fiber. We present new common radiological findings as follows: the bony canal to the cochlea is very thin and the connection with the modiolus of the cochlea is interrupted in narrow separated IAC.

Copyrights © 2012 The Korean Society of Radiology Purpose: To analyze and compare the thin section CT findings of first and re-treatment nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary disease. Materials and Methods: Between January 2005 and April 2010, 121 patients with positive sputum culture for NTM were recruited. We included only 32 patients underwent high resolution chest CT and were confirmed by American Thoracic Society criteria NTM pulmonary infection (first treatment 15, re-treatment 17 patients). CT images of 32 patients were reviewed retrospectively. We evaluated the frequency and laterality of the followings; nodule, increased density, bronchial change, parenchymal change. Results: The significantly frequent CT findings of the re-treatment NTM group were well defined nodules (retreatment-82.4%, first treatment-33.3%, p = 0.00), consolidations (retreatment-88.2%, first treatment-53.3%, p = 0.03), bronchial changes (bronchiectasis; retreatment-100%, first treatment-66.6%, p = 0.01, bronchial narrowing; retreatment-23.5%, first treatment-0%, p = 0.04 and mucoid impaction; retreatment-58.8%, first treatment-20.0%, p = 0.03) and atelectasis with bronchiectasis (retreatment-88.2%, first treatment-26.7%, p = 0.00). However, most of the evaluated thin-section CT findings, such as centrilobular and ill-defined nodules, lobular, segmental and subpleural consolidations, ground glass attenuation, bronchial wall thickening, cavities, pleural lesions, fibrotic band, emphysema and laterality of lesions, have not shown significant differences between first treatment and the re-treatment group. Conclusion: Thin section CT findings of well defined nodules, consolidations, bronchial changes (bronchiectasis, bronchial narrowing and mucoid impaction) and atelectasis with bronchiectasis are highly suggestive of re-treatment NTM pulmonary disease. Index terms Lung Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Multidetector Computed Tomography High Resolution CT Findings of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: Comparison between the First Treatment and the Re-Treatment Group 비결핵 항산균 폐질환의 고해상도 전산화단층촬영 소견: 초치료군과 재치료군의 비교

We present a case of developmental venous anomaly associated with arteriovenous fistula supplied by a single arterial feeder adjacent to a large acute intracerebral hemorrhage. The arteriovenous fistula was successfully obliterated by superselective embolization while completely preserving the developmental venous anomaly. Two similar cases, including superselective angiographic findings, have been reported in the literature; however, we describe herein superselective angiographic findings in more detail and demonstrate the arteriovenous shunt more clearly than the previous reports. In addition, a literature review was performed to discuss the association of a developmental venous anomaly with vascular lesions.

Intramedullary spinal cord abscess (ISCA) is a rare infection of the central nervous system. We describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, including the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings, of ISCA in a 78-year-old man. The initial conventional MRI of the thoracic spine demonstrated a subtle enhancing nodule accompanied by significant edema. On the follow-up MRI after seven days, the nodule appeared as a ring-enhancing nodule. The non-enhancing central portion of the nodule appeared hyperintense on DWI with a decreased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value on the ADC map. We performed myelotomy and surgical drainage, and thick, yellowish pus was drained.

A schwannoma of the aryepiglottic fold is an uncommon benign tumor. We report a rare case of a laryngeal schwannoma. The clinical, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging findings are presented. The tumor was located at the both aryepiglottic folds of the larynx. The CT scan revealed a well defined, delayed, heterogenously, target-like enhancing mass extending from the right aryepiglottic fold to the left aryepiglottic fold. The tumor was removed completely by laryngomicroscopic surgery (LMS). The diagnosis and treatment of this tumor are also discussed.

A bronchopleural fistula (BPF) following a pulmonary resection is relatively rare; however, it has high morbidity and mortality rates, despite advancements in treatment. Treatment options for a BPF include surgical procedures, conservative therapy, medical therapy, and in particular, the use of a bronchoscopy and different glues, coils, and sealants. This paper discusses a case of the treatment of a postoperative BPF, which is not identified on the bronchoscope, using a platinum vascular occlusion coil (microcoil) and N-butly-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) under fluoroscopic guidance. We hereby assert that such an approach as a combination might be an improvement to the minimally-invasive treatment methods currently in use.

Cases of bronchial artery aneurysms (BAAs) are rare; to the best of our knowledge, only 50 cases have been reported in the literature to date. BAAs require optimal treatment due to the possibility of life-threatening hemorrhaging if the aneurysm was to rupture. BAAs are usually treated by surgical resection of the aneurysmal artery. However, when the patient is unstable due to massive or recurrent hemoptysis, a bronchial artery embolization is a useful alternative treatment method. We report a case of a giant mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm that was treated by coil embolization.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a rare disorder that is characterized by recurrent chronic skin infections and the formation of sinus tracts and considerable scaring. A 37-yearold man presented with a hard posterior neck mass. Multiple pus-producing sinuses were detected in the skin covering the mass. MRI demonstrated an ill-defined, soft tissue mass with multiple variable sized cystic lesions. The soft tissue mass measured 12 ×10×4 cm in the subcutaneous fat layer, it contained multifocal cystic lesions that revealed higher signal intensity on both the T1- and T2-weighted images, as compared with the adjacent neck muscles. The mass was not enhanced on the post-contrast T1 weighted images. Some of the cystic lesions extended to the skin. The mass was removed surgically and confirmed to be hidradenitis suppurativa.