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Introduction: The extent of neuromeningeal cryptococcosis (NMC) has increased since the advent of HIV/AIDS. It has non-specific clinical signs but marked by high mortality. Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the NMC in sub-Saharan Africa. Materials and Methods: We have conducted a literature reviewed on the NMC in sub-Saharan Africa from the publications available on the basis of national and international data with keywords such as “Cryptococcus, Epidemiology, Symptoms, Outcomes and Mortality” and their equivalent in French in July 2011. All publications from 1990 to 2010 with 202 references were analyzed. The following results are the means of different studied variables. Results: We selected in final 43 publications dealing with the NMC which 24 involved 17 countries in Africa. The average age was 36 years old. The average prevalence was 3.41% and the average incidence was 10.48% (range 6.90% to 12%). The most common signs were fever (75%), headaches (62.50%) and impaired consciousness. Meningeal signs were present in 49% of cases. The mean CD4 count was 44.8cells/mm3. The India ink and latex agglutination tests were the most sensitive. The average time before the consultation and the hospital stay was almost identical to 27.71 days. The average death rate was 45.90%. Fluconazole has been the most commonly used molecule. Conclusion: The epidemiological indicators of NMC varied more depending on the region of sub-Saharan Africa. Early and effective taking care of patients to reduce diagnostic delay and heavy mortality remains the challenges.

L’AVC est un veritable probleme de sante publique. Il represente la premiere cause de mortalite hospitaliere et la premiere cause du handicap permanent dans le monde. Objectifs : etudier la mortalite hospitaliere a la phase aigue de l’AVC chez le diabetique Methodes : Il s’agissait d’une etude prospective, portant sur une cohorte de 42 patients AVC avec une hyperglycemie (>= 1,5 g/l) a l’admission de 1er janvier a 31 decembre 2005, au CHU de Lome. Resultats : Nous avons collige 402 patients AVC dont 42 avaient une hyperglycemie a l’admission. L’âge moyen a ete de 52,5 ans. Les AVC ischemiques representaient 85,7%. Le principal motif d’admission etait le syndrome focal deficitaire. Le diabete de type II dans 75% et l’HTA dans 78,6% ont ete les facteurs de risque majeurs. Le handicap physique post AVC a ete plus lourd chez le diabetique. Le taux de mortalite etait de 21,4% contre 17,5% chez les non diabetiques a la periode d’etude. Conclusion : La mise en place de mesures durables de prevention primaire des AVC par le depistage des facteurs de risque au sein de la population serait un gage pour la reduction de la morbidite et de la mortalite dues aux AVC. Mots cles : AVC, diabete, mortalite, Togo Stroke is a real health public problem. It represents a first cause of hospital death and the first permanent acquired handicap cause in the world. Objective: to study the acute stroke hospital morbidity and mortality in diabetic patient. Method: It was a transversal study in 42 patients with high blood sugar (glycemia >= 1,5g/) among 402 stroke patients hospitalized from January 1st to December 31st, 2005, in Lome, Togo. Results: forty two patients were check up in neurological emergency unit with high blood sugar. Their average age was 52,5 years. Occlusive stroke were predominant with 85,7%. Focal deficit was the main reason of admission. Diabetes type II was found in 75% and high blood pressure in 78,6% as the principal stroke risk factor. The mortality rate was 21,4% against 17,5% in non diabetic. The after stroke handicap was higher in diabetic than non diabetic patients. Conclusion: The stroke primary prevention by large and active screening risk factor such as diabetes can help to diminish the handicap and death among population. Keys words: Stroke, diabetes, mortality, Togo.

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of permanent disability acquired in the world. Aim: To study the epidemiological indices, risk factors and outcome of stroke. Subjects and Methods: It was a prospective study to collect epidemiological data, clinical presentation and outcome of stroke patients in 28 public and private health facilities in our largest health region. It had covered the period from January to December 2013. Results: A total of 43,558 inpatients were enrolled. Among them, 986 patients had a stroke which frequency was 2.26 %. The incidence rate has been estimated to 79.58/ 100,000 inhabitants/year. Male subjects were observed in 50.8% and 49.2% of females. The mean age was 59 ± 13.2 years. Concerning the stroke subtype, ischemic stroke was found with 54.9% and 45.1% of hemorrhagic including 10.8 % of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The traditional main risk factors were hypertension (87.3 %) and diabetes (17.5 %). The mean time of admission was 55 ± 20.75 hours. The average time before beginning first care was 56 ± 20.74 hours. Only 44% of patients had received first aids within 24 hours. The average length of stay was 17 ± 8.5 days. The mean modified Rankin scale score at the exit time was 2.3 ± 0.8. At discharge, 58.9% of patient had partial motor deficits and 27.5% of them died. Conclusion: A good knowledge of risk factors and early signs of stroke by the population will reduce stroke mortality and its functional sequel. All these lacks of assessment increase the delay in the management of patient and lead to permanent deficits.