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Introduction hand injuries are a common emergency mainly caused by domestic accidents or sport injuries. During the COVID-19 pandemic confinement period, with a cut off in transportation as well as in occupational and physical activities, we observed a decrease in medical and elective surgical activities but emergency cases of upper limb and hand surgery increased. Materials and methods we conducted a retrospective epidemiological study to analyze two periods between the same dates in 2019 and 2020, for all the duration of the confinement period. We compared the numbers of consultations in the emergency department, elective surgeries, hand and upper limb emergency cases in our center and urgent limb surgeries in the nearby hospital. Then we compared the mechanisms and severity of injuries and the type of surgery. Results between 2019 and 2020 there was a decrease of consultations in the emergency department in our institution of 52%, a decrease of total elective surgeries of 75%, a decrease in surgeries for urgent peripheral limb injuries of 50%, whereas the hand and upper limb emergency remained stable or even increased by 4% regard to occupational and domestic accidents. There was a significant difference in the mechanism of injury with an increase of domestic accident and a decrease of occupational, road traffic and sport accidents. Severity of the injuries increased, with augmentation of the number of tissues involved and longer expected time of recovery. Conclusion during the confinement period of the COVID-19 pandemic, despite an important reduction of medical activities, the amount and severity of hand emergency cases increased. A specific plan regarding duty shift organization for hand trauma should be maintained regardless of the sanitary situation.

Introduction Facial trauma are an important cause of serious ocular morbidity. In particular domestic trauma are a small part of total. COVID-19 pandemic has been influencing our life in a way never seen before, people need to remain at home due to lockdown restrictions. In this scenario we are seeing an increase in the percentage of domestic facial trauma. In other hand pandemic has influenced the possibility of hospitalization, so daily based procedures increased their importance in global treatment planning. Case presentation A 58 yo man presented to our ward with a foreign body in left eyebrow. Trauma happened during gardening. Clinical discussion The importance of imaging to perform the right procedure has become more important during pandemic to reduce time of hospitalization. Conclusion CT scan and ophtalmology consult have been the guideline to avoid a more invasive treatment which was performed in an outpatient regimen with local anesthesia.

O pneumoencéfalo geralmente é decorrente de lesão traumática craniofacial. Quando é decorrente de lesão penetrante na região da órbita, tem sido considerado raro. O pneumoencéfalo hipertensivo é considerado uma emergência neurocirúrgica. Os autores relatam um caso de pneumoencéfalo hipertensivo em um paciente vitima de acidente doméstico por chave de fenda na região orbitária direita. Foram discutidos a fisiopatologia, o tratamento e o prognóstico.

In an attempt to reach the most rational explanation possible, a complex analysis and evaluation of the pros and cons for spontaneous human combustion, murder, suicide and domestic accident is required for the death in atypical circumstances of an 80-year-old man from a rural area, who had burns on 90% of his body. The analysis of research data from the scene and from the autopsy led us to the most reasonable explanation, that of a domestic accident caused by the accidental ignition of nylon fabric used for clothing. Keywords: spontaneous human combustion, murder, suicide, domestic accidents. Language: en

The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of domestic accidents, describe the factors associated with domestic accidents and assess the medical and economical consequences of domestic accidents. Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a semi-urban area of Tamil Nadu during February 2013. A total of 3947 study participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Study variables included were socio-demography, housing conditions, epidemiological factors, medical and economical consequences of domestic accidents. Means and proportions were calculated. The prevalence of domestic accidents was 12.7%. Out of 500 domestic accidents, falls (54.4%) was the most common type of domestic accident. Females and the respondents in age group of 21-40 years were more commonly affected. About 60% of victims received treatment. Mean duration of hospital stay, mean amount of money spent for treatment and mean number of days away from routine work for falls category were 16 days, US$25 and 8 days, respectively, which are higher than other types of accidents. The burden and impact of domestic accidents was high. Therefore, in order to prevent and control domestic accidents, promotion of house safety measures and creation of awareness among the community using IEC programmes have to be undertaken.

Children are increasingly transported in cars or other modes of road transportation. With this increased travel comes the higher risk of children becoming involved in a vehicle accident as an occupant. Among the injuries included in the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), the head is one of the most frequently injured parts of the body. For a 3-year-old child (3-YOC), the most common injury observed during a road accident is skull fracture. This study proposed to develop a 3-YOC head finite element model (FEM) based on the geometrical three-dimensional reconstruction of two-dimensional slices obtained using X-ray computed tomography scanning geometries. In order to reproduce the skull fracture and brain injury with the head FEM, 13 domestic accident reconstructions involving fall cases of 3-YOC were collected from the paediatric emergency departments of different hospitals. After the numerical reconstructions of these fall cases, some mechanical parameters were extracted and then correlated with the observed injuries.

Carbon monoxide is responsible for a large number of accidental domestic poisoning and deaths throughout the world. Domestic carbon monoxide poisoning is rarely reported in India and remains an under recognized problem. The diagnosis of carbon monoxide poisoning is usually based on autopsy findings, circumstantial evidence and estimation of carboxy-haemoglobin in blood. We report a case of fatal accidental carbon monoxide poisoning in a bathroom where an LPG gas water heater was installed recently. Cherry pink discolouration of the body and organs on autopsy suggested carbon monoxide poisoning. Laboratory analysis of blood by UV visible spectrophotometry revealed presence of dangerous levels of carboxy-haemoglobin. Effective preventive measures can help in bringing down the mortality and morbidity associated with carbon monoxide poisoning.

The accidental aspiration of a foreign body is a frequent domestic accident among children but a rare occurrence in adults. The laryngeal impaction of a coin is an unusual accident; only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Diagnosis is mostly achieved by clinicoradiological examinations. The authors report an uncommon case of laryngeal impaction of a coin in a 21-year-old patient, presenting with dysphonia without dyspnea or stridor. The extraction was performed by endoscopy.

Objective To report the family impact of traumatic brain injury in children. Material/patients and methods Prospective study conducted in the department of physical and rehabilitation medicine of Kassab Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics concerning children followed for traumatic brain injury sequalea. Results Twelve children were included in the study with a mean age of 8.3 years. Brain injury was related to a road accident in 11 children and domestic accident in 1 child. Seven children among 12 studied when the accident occurred, 4 have continued their studies after the trauma but with considerable learning difficulties. We noted conflict related to trauma in 4 families without divorce. Three parents had to interrupt work. Additional financial burdens have been reported in 11 families. The psychobalance of other non-injured children was disrupted in 6 families with school deflection. The extent of the distress felt by the parents was assessed (scored from 1 to 6) with an average of 5.2. No home adaptations have been made and no family has benefited from associative or social assistance. Discussion–conclusion Traumatic brain injury disturbs seriously the child's mental balance and his family. It represents real public health problem.

Objective The life expectancy for SCI has become comparable to that of the general population. This improvement is the result of a follow-codified neuro-urology. The latest recommendations of GENULF constitute the largest part of this monitoring. Objective Make an inventory on the application of these recommendations and analyze failures in the application and the factors associated with these facts. Materials/Patients and methods This was a retrospective descriptive study on patients followed north hospital site Carbet Caribbean and seen from 1 January 2014 to 1 January 2016 as part of a re-hospitalization for functional assessment and neuro-urological annual control as recommended by the GENULF. Data analysis was done with Epi Info. Results The median age of enrolled patients was 47.7 ± 16.1 years. The affected were primarily male sex 81.5% (53/65). Spinal cord injury duration was on average 11.6 + –11.8 years, ranging from 1 to 46 years. They were quadriplegics (66.2%) and paraplegics (33.8%) with ASIA A (67.7%), B (12.3%), C (12.3%) and D (7.5%). The origins of the lesion were: accident of the public highway 41.5%, domestic accident 16.9%, work accident 9.2%, diving accident 7.5% and sports injury 6.1%. Creatinine clearance of 24 h was achieved in all patients and averaged 103.6 + - 32.9 ml/min with 6.2% who had severe renal impairment. All patients had specific exams such as a urine culture, an abdominal radiography, and dynamic urinary function evaluations, while 52.3% had no vesicle ultrasound exam and only 9.2% had made an informed cystoscopy in their file. Discussion/Conclusion This analysis suggests that the weak link in the monitoring of these patients was carrying ultrasound and cystoscopy. It is surprising the fact that ultrasound is not informed on issues that routinely prescribed each year. The appointment is distant, these results certainly reach the treating doctors without that they do not send a copy to the patient's hospital record.

PubMedID: 20032773 Scalding is one of the most painful and devastating burn injuries a child can suffer. Victims are generally scalded by splashed or spilled hot fluids in the home environment. Interestingly, scalding by hot milk is a common cause of burns in rural parts of Turkey. This study aimed to identify the general features of scalding by hot milk, and to make the authorities aware of this problem through educational programs for parents and caregivers.The records of the Council of Forensic Medicine Adana Group Administration and public prosecutor's office were used. Forty-four deaths in children of preschool age (under 6) due to scalding by hot milk during 2001-2005 were analyzed.Scalding with hot milk constituted 1.05% of all medico-legal deaths (4183) during the period considered. Twenty-five (56.81%) of the victims were male while 19 (43.19%) were female. The victims' ages ranged between 18 months and 6 years, with a mean age of 3.03.Scalding by hot milk appears to be an important public health problem, especially in rural areas of Turkey. Educational programs for families and caregivers and implementation of simple safety measures will decrease the prevalence of deaths due to such preventable injuries. Copyright © 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Background: Foreign body removal in children is very common in the daily routine of an otolaryngologist but reports of oronasal foreign bodies and their management are rare. Method: The case note of a 5 year old female child presenting with an oronasal foreign body following a domestic accident was retrieved and studied and followed up. Result: a 5 year old female child with an oronasal foreign body which created an oronasal fistula that was closed with local palatal mucoperiosteal-lined flaps. The patient defaulted following treatment, a common practice by patients in our society. Conclusion: This report highlights the occurrence of this rare condition, its management and the need to put measures in place to prevent domestic accidents especially for those most at risk. Keywords : Oronasal, Foreign body, Fistula, Domestic accident. Nigerian Journal of Medicine Vol. 17 (4) 2008: pp. 459-461

An unusual domestic accident involving concentrated sulphuric acid and affecting seven children ranging between 3 years and 7 years is reported. Three had major burns with one having a 60 per cent mostly full skin thickness burn. This last patient is reported in detail and problems of sulphuric acid burns and their management are discussed.