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Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:30:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:32:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1984-29612016000400504.pdf: 3496249 bytes, checksum: 6dbb8a65fc5573f77b0cca7baff6374d (MD5) Neighborhood dogs may act as reservoirs for several zoonotic protozoan infections, particularly in urban areas, thus constituting a potential public health threat. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the exposure of neighborhood dogs to four protozoan pathogens in public areas with high levels of human movement in Curitiba, southern Brazil. Blood samples from 26 neighborhood dogs were screened by means of the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Trypanosoma cruzi and Neospora caninum, and a questionnaire was answered by the respective keeper. A total of 8/26 dogs (30.7%) seroreactive to T. gondii, 3/26 (11.5%) to N. caninum and 2/26 (7.7%) to both were identified. All the samples were seronegative for T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. Pathogen seroreactivity was not associated with the daily human movements or other epidemiological variables investigated (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the low seroprevalence for T. gondii and N. caninum indicated low environmental and food risk for animal infection and the seronegativity for Leishmania spp. and T. cruzi may reflect the absence of these pathogens in urban areas of Curitiba. Moreover, neighborhood dogs may be used as environmental sentinels for the presence of protozoan pathogens and their vectors. Laboratório de Zoonoses e Epidemiologia Molecular Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal do Paraná-UFPR Rede de Defesa e Proteção Animal Departamento de Pesquisa e Conservação da Fauna Secretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva Universidade de São Paulo-USP Núcleo de Pesquisa em Zoonoses-NUPEZO Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP Campus de Botucatu Núcleo de Pesquisa em Zoonoses-NUPEZO Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP Campus de Botucatu

Neighborhood dogs may act as reservoirs and disseminators of vector-borne diseases in urban areas. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to ascertain the health status and the vector-borne pathogens infecting dogs living in public areas with high levels of human movement in the city of Curitiba, southern Brazil. Blood samples from 21 neighborhood dogs that were found in nine of 22 bus stations and two public parks were subjected to a complete blood cell (CBC) count, serum biochemical profiling, a commercial rapid ELISA test and a commercial real-time PCR panel of vector-borne diseases. The CBC count and serum biochemical profiling were within the normal range for dogs and only 1/21 (4.7%) of the dogs was seroreactive for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. The commercial real-time PCR panel showed that 7/21 (33.3%) of the dogs had Mycoplasma haemocanis infection, 9/21 (42.8%) had ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum’ and 4/21 (19.0%) had both. No statistical association between infected by the agents found here and abnormalities in physical examinations, laboratory tests or ectoparasite presence was found (p > 0.05). In conclusion, neighborhood dogs showed low prevalence of vector-borne diseases and satisfactory wellbeing, and dogs can be used as sentinels for disease exposure.Keywords: Borrelia burgdorferi, Community dogs, Hemoplasmas, Sentinel animals, Tick-borne diseases

A leishmaniose e uma importante metazoonose causada por protozoarios do genero Leishmania, com ciclo de vida heteroxenico que envolve hospedeiros invertebrados e vertebrados . A transmissao ocorre durante o repasto sanguineo do flebotomineo infectado em animais domesticos e silvestres e no homem. O cao e caracterizado como reservatorio do protozoario na leishmaniose visceral, ja na leishmaniose tegumentar americana e um hospedeiro erratico que, assim como o homem, se infecta acidentalmente. O cao ainda pode ser considerado um importante sinalizador da presenca do protozoario e dos vetores no ambiente, assinalando assim a importância do diagnostico nestes animais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a soroepidemiologia da Leishmania spp. em caes do Municipio de Telemaco Borba que participaram de um mutirao de castracao. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 191 caes e aplicado um questionario epidemiologico a seus proprietarios. A analise sorologica foi realizada pelas tecnicas Imunofluorescencia Indireta (IFI) e Imunocromatografia rapida (DPP®). A triagem realizada pela IFI revelou 13 (6,81%) animais reagentes, destes nenhum apresentou positividade no teste DPP®, especifico para leishmaniose visceral. A analise estatistica das variaveis presentes no questionario epidemiologico indicou associacao significativa entre a sorologia positiva e presenca de folhas amontoadas/compostagem no quintal (p=0,0498), areas de mata (pracas, bosques, parques) nos arredores da residencia (p=0,0015) e lesoes ulceradas e/ou nodulares de dificil cicatrizacao na pele de animais (p=0,0138). Este estudo revelou que ha anticorpos IgG anti- Leishmania spp. em caes do Municipio de Telemaco Borba, sugerindo a presenca do protozoario e do vetor no ambiente, e que a existencia de folhas amontoadas/compostagem no quintal, areas de mata nos arredores da residencia e lesoes na pele de animais sao fatores associados a infeccao por Leishmania spp. nestes caes.

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and cats of Londrina, Parana. A survey of the results of fecal examinations, the technique of Faust, Willis, Hoffmann and / or direct examination, performed in routine Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, State University of Londrina in the period January 2000 to December 2011 and the Clinical Laboratory Veterinary January 2008 to December 2011. 2668 fecal samples were analyzed, of which 2290 (85.83%) and 378 dogs (14.17%) of cats. Of the total, 851 (37,16%) dogs and 166 (43,91%) feline samples were positive for at least one parasite. Isospora spp. was the most frequent in both species with 8.82% and 11.64% of dogs infected cats. Regarding the form of infection, 740 (86.96%) and 139 dogs (83.73%) cats had single infection, while 111 (13.04%) dogs and 27 (16.27%) cats had multiple infection gastrointestinal parasites. The ocurrence of a significant number of parasites and the close contact between animals and humans demonstrates the need for a more effective control and specific, whereas the reduction of the parasitic load of animals and thus decreases environmental exposure of humans to important zoonosis.