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Objectives: The term TMD refers to a group of disorders characterized by pain in the temporomandibular joint and associated structures. The aim of this study was designed to evaluate prevalence, severity and sex distribution of sign and symptoms of TMD and to evaluate their relation with anxiety and depression among the students. Material and Methods: A total of 1000 university students were enrolled in the study (550 females; 450 males), with ages ranged between 18 and 28 years. Helkimo anamnestic index (Ai) and clinical dysfunction index (Di) were used to determine symptoms and signs respectively. For the association of TMD with anxiety and depression, HAD (Hospital Anxiety and Depression) scale was used. Results showed that prevalence of one or more symptoms of TMD was 27.7%, while the prevalence of one or more signs of TMD was 64.4% which was mild in severity. Mild anamnestic symptoms (AiI) were found in 19.8% and severe symptoms (AiII) were found in 7.6%, while mild clinical sign (DiI), moderate clinical (DiII) and severe clinical sign (DiIII) were found in 49.7%, 12.2% and 2.4% respectively. Statistically there was no gender difference in these two scales. Regarding the association between TMD with anxiety and depression, 206 of the 311 students (66.2%) with TMD symptoms also had signs of anxiety and depression (P < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings confirmed that students had high prevalence of TMD which was significantly associated with anxiety and depression.

Chondrosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that results in abnormal bone and cartilage growth. Although Chondrosarcoma is rare, it is the second most common primary bone malignancy. Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma (MCS) is a rare histological variant of Chondrosarcoma (CS) that accounts for only 1% of all CS and has high predilection for the head and neck region with a peak incidence in 2nd and 3rd decade of life. There is comparable male to female ratio with two thirds of the cases arising from bone and one third from soft tissue. The tumor is unique because of its aggressive growth with a high tendency for late recurrence and delayed metastasis. We present a case of this highly malignant lesion arising from the infratemporal fossa and rapidly involving maxillary tuberosity and mandibular ramus.

We are presenting a case report of heterotopic pregnancy, which is diagnosed during ultrasound examination of a gravid woman, 23 year old, referred from outpatient department. Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare obstetrics phenomenon and carries a significant natural morbidity and mortality due to risk of rupture of the ectopic pregnancy. Clinicians and sonographers may fall into a false sense of security when an intrauterine gestational sac is identified. This results in inadequate inspection of the adnexae and remaining structures during ultrasonography despite a strong initial clinical suspicion of ectopic pregnancy. Hence, a thorough ultrasonographic examination is needed in managing these patients, especially when there is a high suspicion of ectopic pregnancy or in the presence of pelvic free fluid even when an intrauterine pregnancy is identified. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22888 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 64-66

Introduction: Secondary bone grafting of maxilla and residual alveolar clefts at the stage of transitional dentition was first introduced by Boyne and Sands. The aim of this prospective case control study was to clinically and radiologically evaluate the success rate of anterior iliac crest graft in primary alveolar cleft. Methods and Material: In this study we evaluated 10 patients who underwent secondary alveolar bone grafting for various types of cleft palate with autologous iliac crest graft. Type of septum measured radiologically was taken as the outcome measure. Results: Postoperative radiographic evaluation revealed Type I inter alveolar septum in 7 cases (87.5%), with complete unilateral cleft lip, palate and alveolus. Non-eruption of canine occurred in 5 patients (50%). Periodontal Examination revealed presence of pocket formation (less than 4 mm) and Grade II mobility in 2 cases (20%). Conclusions: In conclusion, secondary alveolar bone grafting done during the time of transitional dentition, before the eruption of permanent canine is an excellent treatment modality.