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Objective: Spacer and metered-dose inhaler use is widespread especially among pediatric population. In children, training in medication use is provided both for the family and the child. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether this training is well comprehended and which training method is more effective to achieve that goal. Methods: This study included patients presenting to our outpatient clinic who were in need of spacer and metered-dose inhaler use. The study subjects had an age range of 2-16 years. The patients were randomized into two groups. The first group was trained on metered-dose inhaler use by video demonstration. The second group was trained by applied verbal training. They asked to use spacer and metered-dose inhaler, and they were rated from 0 to 6, as in previous studies. Errors and deficiencies of use were re-explained. They were informed about their scores and were told that they would be rated again in the next follow-up appointment. They were asked again to use spacer and metered-dose inhaler and rated between 0 and 6 at the second-month control visit. Results: The intra-group analysis of the video group showed a significant difference between the first-month and second-month total scores (p

WOS: 000498729900001 Objectives: The study aims to prospectively assess two patient groups receiving standard care and structured training and counseling (STC), in which sleeve gastrectomy (SG) was implemented, in terms of depression, body image, and quality of life. Methods: This pretest-posttest, repeated-measures, randomized control prospective study was carried out between March 2017 and May 2018 using an experimental design. Of the participants who underwent laparoscopic SG, 26 patients (control) received standard care and 25 patients (intervention) received STC starting before the operation and lasting for 6 months after the operation. Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.1 +/- 11.3 years, and 78.4% of them were females and 68.6% were married. The depression scores of the intervention group 6 months after the operation were found to be significantly lower than the control group, whereas the scores of body image and the quality of life were significantly higher (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results supported that the STC program for bariatric surgery was an effective program. Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey [2016-40-02-009] This research was supported by a grant from Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey (Grant No: 2016-40-02-009).

BACKGROUND: Simulation has been associated with positive educational benefits in the training of healthcare professionals. It is unknown whether the use of simulation to supplement patient training for home hemodialysis (HHD) will assist in improving a patient's transition to home. We aim to assess the impact of simulation training on home visits, retraining and technique failure. METHODS: Since February 2013, patients training for HHD are required to dialyze independently in a dedicated training room (innovation room) which simulates a patient's home prior to graduation from the program. We performed a single-center retrospective, observational, cohort study comparing patients who completed training using the innovation room (n = 28) versus historical control (n = 21). The outcome measures were number of home visits, retraining visits and technique failure. RESULTS: Groups were matched for age, gender, race, body mass index and comorbidities. Compared with controls, significantly more cases had a permanent vascular access at the commencement of training (57.1 versus 28.6%, χ(2) P = 0.04). Cases spent a median of 2 days [IQR (1.75)] in the innovation room. Training duration was not statistically different between groups {cases: median 10.0 weeks [IQR (6.0)] versus controls: 11.0 [IQR (4.0)]}. Compared with controls, cases showed a trend towards needing less home visits with no difference in the number of re-training session or technique failure. CONCLUSIONS: Simulation-based teaching in NHHD training is associated with a trend to a reduction in the number of home visits but had no effect on the number of re-training sessions or proportion of patients with technique failure.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and skill of clinical residents in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, northwestern Iran, (as the future specialists), as well as their attitudes on the necessity of patient education, and the practice and responsibility of the residents in this field. Methods: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of a random selection of 380 clinical residents at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were assessed in 2011 through a comprehensive questionnaire about education. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: There was no significant relationship between the two variables of sex and study period and the knowledge variable during the residency. However, there was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and age variables (P, Research and Development in Medical Education; EISSN 2322-2719

Lemon juice has commonly been used by hypertensive patients in order to lower blood pressure (BP) acutely when BP is raised or as an alternative/complementary therapy for expectation of chronic improvement. Grapefruit, a citrus fruit like lemon, causes clinically significant interactions with a variety of drugs including calcium antagonists. The aims of this study were to investigate acute and chronic effects of lemon juice on BP among hypertensive patients. Ninty-eight patients were included in this prospective study. Patients using calcium antagonists were not included in the study. In the acute study group, neither lemon juice nor water affected systolic and diastolic BPs. Blood pressure readings after two weeks of lemon juice were not different when compared to basal measurements. There is little information about drinking lemon juice in hypertensive patients. To our knowledge, acute or chronic effect of lemon juice on BP has not been investigated previously. This study did not show any beneficial effects of lemon juice on elevated BP. Besides, lemon juice has two potential risks for the users; drug interaction and noncompliance to the prescribed treatment. In conclusion, there is no evidence that lemon juice lowers BP at the present time and more studies are needed to investigate the effect of lemon juice on BP and possible interactions between lemon juice and drugs. Physicians should keep in mind that alternative therapies can have risks and train their patients about compliance to the treatment. J. Exp. Clin. Med., 2012; 29:38-41