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1. Trends and projection of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of HIV in the Middle East and North Africa (1990–2030)

Author

Zahra Khorrami, Mohammadreza Balooch Hasankhani, Mehrdad Khezri, Ali Jafari-Khounigh, Yones Jahani, and Hamid Sharifi

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Evidence shows a growing trend of the HIV epidemic in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). We aimed to project the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in the region from 1990 to 2019 and assess its trend by 2025, and 2030. We extracted the HIV incidence, mortality, and DALY data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) and UNAIDS databases. The joinpoint regression model was used to examine changes in HIV trends. The trend changes were estimated by average annual percent change (AAPC). In most countries, an increasing trend was observed in HIV incidence, mortality, and DALY. Specifically, the highest growth in the annual incidence rate was related to Egypt (AAPC = 14.4, GBD) and Iran (AAPC = 9.6, UNAIDS). Notably, Qatar (AAPC = − 5.6, GBD), Bahrain (AAPC = − 3.3, GBD), and Somalia (AAPC = − 4.2, UNAIDS) demonstrated a significant reduction in incidence. Regarding mortality rates, Djibouti (AAPC = 24.2, GBD) and Iran (AAPC = 16.2, UNAIDS) exhibited a significant increasing pattern. Furthermore, the estimated increase in incidence by 2030 was most marked in Djibouti (985%) and Iran (174%). Iran (422%) and Egypt (339%) showed a prominent rise in mortality rates. GBD data showed 16 countries had an increasing pattern in DALY in both genders. According to age and period effects, there was a significant upward trend in incidence, mortality rates, and DALY. Findings highlighted the urgent need for improved prevention and treatment services, including expanding access to HIV testing, promoting safe practices, increasing antiretroviral therapy coverage, and supporting targeted interventions for high-risk populations.

Published
2023
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2. Comparison of Quality of Life in Iranian Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Author

Alireza Kalantari, Leila Vali, and Yones Jahani

Subjects
chronic kidney disease, quality of life, peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Patients’ quality of life is affected by chronic diseases, including kidney failure. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are an important renal replacement methods in these patients.Objectives: In this study, the quality of life in Iranian hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients was compared.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April and September 2021 on 84 hemodialysis and 31 peritoneal dialysis patients in a teaching hospital in Kerman, Iran. The data collection tool was the standard KDQOL-SF™ questionnaire. This questionnaire had 78 questions and measured the general and specific aspects of patients' quality of life. Data were compare between two groups by SPSS version 18 statistical software.Results: The mean age of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients was 52.1±18.8 and 56.8±15.6 years, respectively. 54.8% of peritoneal dialysis patients and 61.9% of hemodialysis patients were men. In most dimensions, the score of quality of life of patients treated with peritoneal dialysis was better than other group. The most difference in specific dimensions of quality of life was related to the effect of kidney disease in peritoneal patients (69.97±24.46) and hemodialysis patients (54.46±23.55) (P≤0.05). The most difference in general dimensions of quality of life was related to pain in peritoneal patients (59.52±23.55) and hemodialysis patients (43.46±28.58) (P≤0.05).Conclusion: Considering the better quality of life in peritoneal patients, it is recommended that physicians and nurses encourage patients to use peritoneal dialysis methods.

Published
2023
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3. The Effect of Computer Simulation and Mannequin on Nursing Students’ Perception of Self-efficacy in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Author

Aazam Heidarzadeh, Mansooreh Azizzade forouzi, Majid kazemi, and Yones Jahani

Subjects
computer-based simulation, mannequin-based simulation, perception of self-efficacy, nursing student, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introduction: Resuscitation self-efficacy is defined as a judgment of perceived capability to organize and execute the process of care during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It is believed to be an important factor in teaching vital nursing skills especially cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of mannequin-based simulation and computer-based simulation on nursing students’ perception of self-efficacy in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 64 nursing students who were randomly assigned to computer-based simulation and mannequin-based simulation groups. Data collection tool was a two-part questionnaire including demographic information and the perceived self-efficacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The data were collected before and after two methods of teaching. Data were analyzed using measures of central tendency and dispersion, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests. Results: There was a significant difference in mean score and standard deviation of students’ perception of self-efficacy between mannequin-based group (Z=-5.23,P

Published
2015

4. Investigating the Effectiveness of Self-management Program based on 5A Model on Fatigue and Dyspnea in Patients with Heart Failure

Author

Sakineh Sabzvari, Maryam Hajmohamadi, Yones Jahani, and Zahra Imani Goghary

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Heart failure, Physical therapy, Medicine, In patient, Self management program, business, medicine.disease
Abstract

Background: Some symptoms such as fatigue and dyspnea decrease the quality of life in patients with heart failure. The effectiveness of self-management programs on management chronic conditions was discussed. So, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-management program based on 5A model on fatigue and dyspnea in patients with heart failure.Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 60 patients with heart failure were included. The intervention group underwent self-management program based on 5A model and the control group received routine care. All the enrolled patients were evaluated once at baseline and once after 3 months using fatigue severity and Borg dyspnea scales. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 by descriptive statistics and independent t-test, covariance test, and paired sample t- test. The significance level was set at 0.05.Results: There was no significant difference in the mean scores of fatigue and dyspnea at the beginning of the study between control and intervention groups (p>0.05), but 3 months after intervention a significant difference was found in mean scores of fatigue and dyspnea between two groups, (pConclusion: according to the results of this study, self-management program based on 5A Model can be used to reduce the severity of fatigue and dyspnea as well as improve the quality of life in patients with heart failure. Trial registration number: IRCT20141109019862N8 Trial registration date: 11/Aug/2019First participant enrollment: 30 /Sep/ 2019

Published
2021
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5. Evaluation of Workload and Human Errors in Nurses

Author

Yones Jahani, Naser Hasheminejad, Mahshid Naseri Karimvand, and Ali Faghihi Zarandi

Subjects
NASA-TLX, lcsh:RC963-969, Computer science, medicine, Human error, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, lcsh:Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene, Nurses, Workload, General Medicine, Medical emergency, medicine.disease
Abstract

Background: Identification of human errors and their related factors in nurses dealing with the health of humans is important. Considering that much workload can increase the risk of human error, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between workload and human errors among nurses working in educational hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 145 nurses from educational hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 20. The workload was evaluated using the NASA-TLX questionnaire and human errors with SHERPA technique. The statistical test used was logistic regression model and the statistical significance level was considered

Published
2019

6. Comparison of Effects of Local Anesthesia and Two-Point Acupressure on the Severity of Venipuncture Pain Among Hospitalized 6–12-Year-Old Children

Author

Golnaz Foroogh Ameri, Parisa Shah Mohammadi Pour, Majid Kazemi, and Yones Jahani

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, Administration, Topical, Acupressure, venipuncture, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Topical anesthesia, Double-Blind Method, Phlebotomy, children, Pain assessment, 030225 pediatrics, acupressure, Medicine, Humans, Pain Management, Local anesthesia, pain, 030212 general & internal medicine, Acupuncture Analgesia, Anesthetics, Local, Child, Venipuncture, business.industry, Local anesthetic, Significant difference, General Medicine, lcsh:Other systems of medicine, Pain management, lcsh:RZ201-999, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Complementary and alternative medicine, Anesthesia, Physical therapy, Female, business, topical anesthesia, Anesthesia, Local
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of topical anesthesia and acupressure at the Yintang (Extra 1) and the Laogong (P-8) points on the severity of venipuncture pain among hospitalized 6–12-year-old children. A sample ( n = 120) of 6–12-year-old hospitalized children was recruited from two teaching hospitals located in Rafsanjan, Iran. The children were allocated to the topical anesthesia, acupressure, and control groups. For children in the topical anesthesia and the acupressure groups, eutectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) cream and two-point acupressure were used, respectively, prior to performing venipuncture, whereas children in the control group only received routine prevenipuncture care. The severity of venipuncture pain was evaluated 5 minutes after performing venipuncture by using the Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, and Consolability behavioral pain assessment scale. The findings revealed that pain severity in both experimental groups was significantly lower than that in the control group, whereas there was no significant difference between the experimental groups regarding pain severity. Although acupressure was as effective as topical anesthesia cream in alleviating children's venipuncture pain, nurses are recommending to use acupressure instead of pharmacological pain management agents because of its greater safety, cost-effectiveness, and applicability.

Published
2017

7. The Effectiveness of Combination of Viola odorata L., Rosa damascena Mill. and Coriandrum sativum L. on Quality of Life of Patients with Migraine Headaches: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Author

Mohadese Kamali, Yones Jahani, Rostam Seifadini, Hoda Kamali, Haleh Tajadini, and Mitra Mehrabani

Subjects
Complementary and Manual Therapy, biology, Traditional medicine, business.industry, Coriandrum, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Persian medicine, Viola, Migraine, Headache, SF36, Traditional iranian medicine, Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), Quality of life, Medicine (miscellaneous), lcsh:RA1-1270, biology.organism_classification, Placebo, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Rosa × damascena, Sativum, Complementary and alternative medicine, Medicine, Headaches, medicine.symptom, business, Viola (butterfly)
Abstract

Headache is one of the most common public health problems in the world, which causes patients to see a doctor. Migraine is the second most common cause of headaches after tension headaches. This study is a randomized, double blinded, placebo - controlled clinical trial, using SF36 questionnaire, to evaluate the effect of combination of Viola odorata L., Rosa damascena Mill. and Coriandrum sativum L. on the quality of life, in patients with migraine after 4 weeks. In all domains of the SF36 questionnaire, the scores after intervention in the drug group were significantly higher than the control group after 4 weeks. This study showed that, combination of V. odorata, R. damascena and C. sativum, improves the quality of life of patients with migraine.

Published
2019

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