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Aim: To evaluate the initial adhesion and formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm in vitro in the presence of saliva, human colostrum and 3′-sialyllactose. Methods: Human colostrum and salivas we...

This study evaluated how Er,Cr:YSGG laser, associated or not with 5% fluoride varnish, influences the surface roughness and volume loss of bovine root dentin submitted to erosive and/or abrasive wear. One hundred and twenty dentin specimens were divided into the groups: without preventive treatment (WPT), 5% fluoride varnish (FV); Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation (L), and varnish combined with laser (FV + L). The specimens (n = 10) were subdivided into: 1 = erosion (E); 2 = abrasion (A); and 3 = erosion followed by abrasion (E + A). The erosive solution used was a soft-drink (pH = 2.42 at 4ºC) applied in 5-min cycles twice a day for 10d. Abrasive wear involved brushing for 60s with an electric brush (1,600-oscillations/s) at a load of 2.0N. Surface roughness and volume loss were evaluated using a laser scanning confocal microscope. Roughness data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test. For volume loss, the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post-hoc tests were used (α = 5%). The lowest values of roughness were found in the control areas of all subgroups (p > 0.05). In the experimental area, the [(WPT) + (E+A)] subgroup had a significantly higher roughness (5.712 ± 0.163 μm 2 ) than the other subgroups (p < 0.05). The L and (FV + L) groups had statistically similar roughness, regardless of the type of wear. The (FV + L) group had the lowest volume loss, regardless of the type of wear performed: [(FV + L) + (E)] = 7.5%, [(FV + L) + (A) = 7.3%, and [(FV + L) + (E + A)] = 8.1%. The subgroup [(WPT) + (E + A)] had the highest volume loss (52.3%). The proposed treatments were effective in controlling dentin roughness. Laser irradiation can be an effective method to increase root dentin resistance after challenges and limit problems related to non-carious lesions.

The aims of this study were to analyze the presence of Streptococcus mutans (SM)-DNA in cord blood (CB), maternal peripheral blood (PB), and maternal saliva (SA) and compare with data collected in health surveys. Sixty-four healthy women with pregnancies to term and without complications attending for elective cesarean section in the Clinical Hospital of Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo were included. Samples of PB and unstimulated SA were obtained on the day of hospitalization and samples of CB were collected after the delivery section. Samples were investigated using polymerase chain reaction for the presence of SM-DNA using specific primers. The results show over 50% of the sample of PB and CB showed SM-DNA detectable. There was a positive correlation between the SM detection in PB/CB and SA (P

The treatments for dentin hypersensitivity (DH) may change the surface roughness of the root dentin, which can lead to biofilm accumulation, increasing the risk of root caries. The aim was to compare the surface roughness of root dentin after different treatments of DH and the biofilm formation on those surfaces. After initial surface roughness (Sa) assessment, 50 bovine root fragments received the following treatments (n = 10): G 1—no treatment; G2—5% sodium fluoride varnish; G3—professional application of a desensitizing dentifrice; G4—toothbrushing with a desensitizing dentifrice; and G5—diode laser application (908 nm; 1.5 W, 20 s). The Sa was reevaluated after treatments. Afterward, all samples were incubated in a suspension of Streptococcus mutans at 37 °C for 24 h. The colony-forming units (CFU) were counted using a stereoscope, and the results were expressed in CFU/mL. The one-way ANOVA and the Tukey’s tests compared the roughness data and the results obtained on the bacterial adhesion test (α = 5%). G2 (2.3 ± 1.67%) showed similar Sa variation than G1 (0.25 ± 0.41%) and G5 (5.69 ± 0.99%), but different from group G3 (9.05 ± 2.39%). Group 4 showed the highest Sa variation (30.02 ± 3.83%; p

Objective To detect Streptococcus mutans in colostrum and saliva of neonates and compare with its detection in saliva of mothers. Methods Forty-three healthy women, full-term gestations with no complications, submitted to elective Cesarean section, and their newborns were included in the study. Samples were investigated by polymerase chain reaction to detect S. mutans in genetic material from the samples. Results Approximately 16% of colostrum samples showed S. mutans , but not correlated with the presence of the bacteria in both samples of saliva. S. mutans was detected in 49 and 30% of saliva samples of mothers and neonates, respectively. There was a positive correlation in S. mutans detection between types of saliva. The number of maternal samples of saliva with detectable S. mutans was smaller in women receiving dental treatment during pregnancy. Tooth brushing, three times a day, influenced the detection of S. mutans in both the saliva and the colostrum. Conclusion Although maternal saliva may present S. mutans , few samples of colostrum present the bacteria. The presence of bacteria in neonate saliva may be related to contact before birth. Dental treatment and hygiene habits seem to influence the detection of S. mutans in samples of maternal saliva and colostrum.

This in vitro study evaluated the influence of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser, associated or not to desensitizing agents, in the prevention of acid erosion in bovine root dentin. Eighty dentin specimens were selected and divided into eight groups (n = 10): G1: negative control; G2: positive control (5% fluoride varnish-FV); G3: Er,Cr:YSGG laser; G4: FV + laser; G5: 3% potassium oxalate; G6: 3% potassium oxalate + laser; G7: biphasic calcium silicate/phosphate gel (gel); G8: gel + laser. Laser parameters: 0.5 W, 6.25 J/cm2 at 1-mm distance. The erosive drink used was a cola soft-drink (pH = 2.42 at 4 °C), lasting 5 min, twice a day, with 6-h intervals between the challenges, during 14 days. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene’s tests were satisfied. The surface roughness data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. For the wear profile, Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post hoc tests were used. Afterwards, the Spearman correlation test was performed. All statistical tests assumed a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05). G1 presented the highest surface roughness value after the erosive challenge (3.586 μm2 ± 0.205 μm2) and the G7 presented the lowest surface roughness value after the erosive challenge (1.071 μm2 ± 0.180 μm2). For the lost volume, G4 presented the lowest percentage (9.7% ± 0.9%), while G1 had the highest percentage (41.8% ± 2.5%), both with p

Objective To describe e compare the specificity of IgA antibodies against bacteria extract of Klebsiella pneumoniae , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , and Salmonella enteritidis . Methods Colostrum samples were aseptically collected in the first 12 hours after C-section delivery. The specificity of IgA against bacteria extracts was analyzed by the Western blot. Results The findings showed proteins of high molecular weight frequently detectable in the samples. S. aureus was the most frequently found bacterium in the samples (p

The present study compared IgA specificity against oral streptococci in colostrum and saliva samples. Sixty-two mother-and-child pairs were included; samples of colostrum (C) and saliva (MS) were collected from the mothers and saliva samples were collected from babies (BS). The specificity of IgA against Streptococcus mutans and S. mitis were analyzed by western blot. Only 30% of babies’ samples presented IgA reactivity to S. mutans, while 74 and 80% of MS and C, respectively, presented this response. IgA reactivity to S. mutans virulence antigens (Ag I/II, Gtf and GbpB) in positive samples showed differences between samples for Gtf and especially for GbpB (p < 0.05), but responses to Ag I/II were similar (p > 0.05). The positive response of Gtf-reactive IgA was different between C (90%) and MS (58%) samples (p < 0.05), but did not differ from BS (p > 0.05). GbpB was the least detected, with 48 and 26% of C and MS, and only 5% of BS samples presenting reactivity (p > 0.05). Eight percent of MS and C samples presented identical bands to SM in the same time-point. In conclusion, the differences of IgA response found between C and MS can be due to the different ways of stimulation, proliferation and transportation of IgA in those secretions. The colostrum has high levels of IgA against S. mutans virulence antigens, which could affect the installation and accumulation process of S. mutans, mainly by supplying anti-GbpB IgA to the neonate.

Little is known about the ontogeny of the cytokines in saliva of newborn. Previous studies showed that levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in saliva could be influenced by prematurity. So, the aim of this study was to analyze the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 12 (IL-12), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in sample saliva of fullterm (FT) and preterm (PT) neonates at birth (T0) and after 3 months of age (T3). Saliva from 50 infants (25 FT and 25 PT) were collected at T0 and T3 and analyzed by Luminex Corporation (Austin, Texas, United States) multiplex assay. Clinical characteristics and social-economic data were assessed through questionnaires. All cytokines could be detected at birth in levels higher than found in T3. The mean levels and frequency of detection of cytokines were significantly higher in PT than FT at T0 (P0.05). There were a positive association between IL-10 and infection (P0.05) and IL-6 and stress (P0.005). Salivary cytokines were detected within the first hours after birth and their levels decreased after 3 months. The cytokine levels were different between PT and FT children and appear to be influenced by stress situation and/or antigenic microbial challenge. The results confirm the necessity for further studies about the mucosal immune system by using of saliva as a source of diagnostic by identification of biomarkers of the status of the immune.

Early diagnosis of white spot lesions allows non-invasive treatment to be indicated for the remineralization of active lesions. The goal was to report the clinical Protocol for the treatment of white spot lesion of a patient by the technique of resin infiltration, observing whether there is change of color on the white spot of the dental enamel after its treatment. The selected patient was 16 years old with good overall health, who featured white spot lesion of the dental enamel on tooth 13, classified as ICDAS score 2. The tooth was photographed, and its color was evaluated with the spectrophotometer in accordance with the CIELhC system. For comparison purposes, the color of tooth enamel in an area adjacent to the lesion was evaluated. The treatment of the lesion was performed with the resin infiltrate Icon (DMG, Hamburg, Germany), following the manufacturer's instructions. The color of the tooth was re-evaluated after the application of the resin infiltrate. At the end of the procedure, it was observed that the treatment of white spot lesion by resin infiltration technique reached its goal because, in addition to being minimally invasive, it was highly approved by patient and it provided the masking of the white spot lesion on the dental enamel. Keywords: Dental Caries. Dental Enamel. Composite Resins. ResumoO diagnóstico precoce de lesões de mancha branca permite que um tratamento não invasivo seja indicado para a remineralização das lesões ativas. O objetivo foi relatar o protocolo clínico para tratamento de lesão de mancha branca ativa de um paciente pela técnica do infiltrante resinoso, observando se existe alteração de cor da mancha branca do esmalte dental após o seu tratamento. Foi selecionada uma paciente, de 16 anos de idade, com boa saúde geral e que apresentava lesão de mancha branca no esmalte dental do dente 13, classificada pelo escore 2 do ICDAS. O dente foi fotografado e sua cor foi avaliada com o espectrofotômetro de acordo com o sistema CIELhC. Para fins de comparação, foi avaliada a cor do esmalte dental em uma área adjacente à lesão. O tratamento da lesão foi realizado com a resina infiltrante Icon (DMG, Hamburgo, Alemanha), seguindo as recomendações do fabricante. A cor do dente foi reavaliada após a aplicação do infiltrante. Ao final do procedimento, observou-se que o tratamento da lesão de mancha branca pela técnica da resina infiltrante atingiu seu objetivo pois, além de ter sido minimamente invasiva, foi bem avaliada pela paciente e proporcionou o mascaramento da lesão de mancha branca do esmalte dental. Palavras-chave: Cárie Dentária. Esmalte Dentário. Resinas Compostas.

Context: The knowledge of the reasons for the placement of direct restorations makes possible to trace an epidemiological profile of a specific population and to direct the teaching of dentistry to techniques that are commonly used today and will be continued performed in the future. Purpose: The aim of this study was to verify the reasons for placement and replacement of direct restorations in patients treated in the Dental Clinic of the Uberaba University - Brazil. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated 306 restorative procedures carried out on 60 patients. During the treatment planning, a form that contained information about the patient′s gender, tooth number, the classification of restorations, the reasons for placement and replacement of amalgam and tooth-colored restorations, the material that had to be removed and the new material used to fill the cavities was filled for each patient. Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi-square test (α = 0.05). Results: The data showed that most of the patients were female (66.7%). Of all the restorations placed, 60.45% were 1 st -time placements, while 39.55% were replacements. For 1 st -time restorations, the main reason for placement was primary caries (76.76%), followed by non-carious cervical lesions (15.14%). The amalgam restorations were replaced more frequently (67.77%). The primary reason for replacements was the presence of secondary caries (for both previous amalgam (42.68%) and composite (66.67%) restorations (P < 0.05). The resin composite was the most indicated material for the new restorations (98.04%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The main reason for placement of direct restorations was primary caries, while secondary caries was the main reason for replacements. In almost all cases, the material used to fill the cavities was the resin composite.

The use of erbium lasers to prevent caries in enamel has shown positive results. However, it is not known if Er,Cr:YSGG laser can also be used to increase acid resistance of root dentine, which is another dental tissue susceptible to the action of cariogenic bacteria. Objective: To analyze the effects of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser (λ=2.78 μm, 20 Hz) irradiation associated with 2% neutral sodium fluoride (NaF) to prevent root dentin demineralization. Material and Methods: One hundred human root dentin samples were divided into 10 groups (G) and treated as follows: G1: no treatment; G2: NaF; G3: laser (4.64 J/cm2) with water cooling (WC=5.4 mL/min); G4: laser (4.64 J/cm2) without WC; G5: laser (8.92 J/cm2) with WC; G6: laser (8.92 J/cm2) without WC; G7: laser (4.64 J/cm2) with WC and NaF; G8: laser (4.64 J/cm2) without WC and NaF; G9: laser (8.92 J/cm2) with WC and NaF; G10: laser (8.92 J/cm2) without WC and NaF. The NaF gel was applied alone or after 4 min of irradiation. After 14 days of acid challenge, the samples were sectioned and the Knoop microhardness (KHN) test was done at different depths (30, 60, 90 and 120 μm) from the outer dentin surface. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Fisher’s test (α=5%). Results: The results showed that G8 and G10 presented higher KHN than the G1 for the depths of 30 and 60 μm, indicating an increase of the acid resistance of the dentin in up to 35% (p

Summary This research analyzed the influence of bur and erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser caries removal on cavity characteristics and marginal seal of composite resin restorations. One hundred and forty human dental root samples were used. After in vitro root caries induction using Streptococcus mutans, the carious lesions were removed either by a conventional technique using burs (G1=control) or by using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (λ=2.78 μm, 20 Hz, pulse duration≅140 μs, noncontact mode using a 600-μm tip) with the following power outputs: G2: 1.0 W; G3: 1.25 W; G4: 1.5 W; G5: 1.75 W; G6: 2.0 W; G7: 2.25 W; G8: 2.5 W; G9: 2.75 W; G10: 3.0 W; G11: 3.25 W; G12: 3.5 W; G13: 3.75 W; and G14: 4.0 W. Samples in the 14 groups (n=10) were conditioned with Clearfil SE Bond and restored with a flowable composite. They were then thermocycled (1000 cycles) and immersed into a 2% methylene blue solution for microleakage analysis. The data were statistically compared (analysis of variance or Spearman correlation tests; p≤0.05). The lased groups showed significantly greater microleakage indexes, cavity depths, and presence of residual caries than did those of the control group. There was a strong positive correlation between residual caries and microleakage. The results indicate that Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation is not a good alternative to the use of burs for root caries removal since it may cause a significant loss of marginal sealing in composite resin restorations.

The aim was to evaluate the surface roughness and bacterial adhesion on enamel irradiated with high intensity lasers, associated or not to a fluoride varnish. Eighty fragments of bovine enamel were equally divided in 8 groups (n=10). Group 1 was not treated and Group 2 received only a 5% fluoride varnish application. The other groups were irradiated with an Er:Cr:YSGG (8.92 J/cm2), an Nd:YAG (84.9 J/cm2) and a diode laser (199.04 J/cm2), associated or not to a 5% fluoride varnish. The surface roughness was measured before and after treatments. Afterward, all samples were incubated in a suspension of S. mutans at 37 °C for 24 h. The colony-forming units (CFU) were counted by a stereoscope and the results were expressed in CFU/mm2. One-way ANOVA and the Tukey´s test compared the roughness data and the Student´s test compared the results obtained in the bacterial adhesion test (a=5%). The results showed that the irradiated samples without varnish presented the same roughness and the same bacterial adhesion that the non-irradiated samples. However, samples irradiated in the presence of fluoride varnish showed higher surface roughness and higher bacterial adhesion than the non-irradiated samples and those irradiated without varnish. Presence of pigments in the varnish increased the lasers’ action on the enamel surface, which produced ablation in this hard tissue and significantly increased its surface roughness. For this reason, the enamel’s susceptibility to bacterial adhesion was higher when the irradiation of the samples was made in presence of fluoride varnish. Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar a rugosidade superficial e adesão bacteriana no esmalte dental irradiado com lasers de alta intensidade, associados ou não a um verniz fluoretado. Oitenta fragmentos de esmalte foram igualmente divididos em 8 grupos (n= 10). O grupo 1 não recebeu tratamento e o grupo 2 recebeu aplicação de verniz fluoretado a 5%. Os outros grupos foram irradiados com os lasers Er,Cr:YSGG (8,92 J/cm2), Nd:YAG (84,9 J/cm2) e um laser de diodo (199,04 J/cm2), associados ou não ao verniz fluoretado. A rugosidade superficial foi medida antes e após os tratamentos. Depois, todas as amostras foram imersas em suspensão de S. mutans a 37 °C durante 24 h. As unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) foram contadas utilizando uma lupa estereoscópica, e os resultados foram expressos em UFC/mm2. Os resultados de rugosidade foram analisados por ANOVA e pelo teste de Tukey, e a adesão bacteriana foi analisada pelo teste de Student (a=5%). As amostras irradiadas sem verniz apresentaram a mesma rugosidade superficial e a mesma adesão bacteriana que as amostras não irradiadas. No entanto, as amostras irradiadas na presença do verniz fluoretado apresentaram maior rugosidade superficial e aderência bacteriana do que as amostras não irradiadas e daquelas irradiadas sem o verniz. A presença de pigmentos no verniz aumentou a ação dos lasers na superfície do esmalte, promovendo a ablação do tecido duro e aumentando significativamente a sua rugosidade superficial. Por isso, a adesão bacteriana no esmalte foi maior quando a irradiação foi realizada na presença do verniz fluoretado.

O objetivo deste trabalho in vitro foi avaliar a influência de diferentes agentes remineralizantes no tratamento de lesões erosivas em esmalte. Foram confeccionados espécimes de 4mmx4mm e 3 mm de espessura a partir da superfície vestibular de incisivos bovinos (n=10) e divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos. G1=aplicação do dentifrício remineralizante, G2= aplicação do agente potencializador remineralizante, G3= dentifrício remineralizante + agente potencializador remineralizante, G4=aplicação de verniz fluoretado (controle positivo), G5=nenhum tratamento (controle negativo). Os espécimes foram imersos em refrigerante durante um período de 10 dias. A rugosidade superficial foi analisada por meio de microscopia confocal de varredura a laser. Os dados foram analisados quanto à homogeneidade (Levene’s) e normalidade (Kolmogorov- Smirnov). Foram realizados testes paramétricos com análise de variância a dois critérios: fator tempo e fator tratamento, e pós-teste de Tukey para diferenciação das médias. Todos os testes estatísticos tiveram nível de significância de 5% (α=0,05). Os resultados obtidos mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes, demonstrando a redução da rugosidade da superfície do esmalte logo após o primeiro tratamento (G3) e para os demais grupos (G1, G2 e G4) somente após o segundo tratamento. Concluiu-se que a utilização de dentifrício composto por silicato de cálcio e fosfato de sódio influenciou na rugosidade do esmalte erodido do dente bovino.Palavras-chave: Dentifrícios. Erosão Dentária. Esmalte Dentário.Abstract The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of different remineralizing agents in the treatment of enamel erosive lesions. Specimens of 4mmx4mm and 3mm thickness were made from the buccal surface of bovine incisors (n=10) and randomly divided into 4 groups. G1 = application of the remineralizing dentifrice, G2 = application of the remineralizing agent, G3 = remineralizing dentifrice + remineralizing agente, G4 = application of fluoride varnish (positive control), G5 = no treatment Specimens were immersed in refrigerant solution during a period of 10 days. The surface roughness was analyzed by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy. The data were analyzed for homogeneity (Levene's) and normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov). Parametric tests with analysis of variance were performed on two criteria: time factor and treatment factor, and Tukey post-test for differentiation of means. All tests were statistically significant at 5% (α = 0.05). The results showed statistically significant difference, demonstrating the reduction of surface roughness after the first treatment (G3) and the other groups (G1, G2 and G4) only after the second treatment. It was concluded that the use of dentifrice composed of calcium silicate and sodium phosphate influenced the roughness of the eroded tooth enamel of the bovine tooth.Keywords: Dentifrices. Tooth Erosion. Tooth Enamel.

This study aimed to analyze in vitro inhibitory effects of restorative materials containing the antibacterial monomer 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB) on the formation of artificial secondary root caries lesions.Class V cavities (2mmx2mm) were prepared in 75 human root fragments. Specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n=15 fragments per group) and restored as follows: (I) MDPB-free adhesive system+MDPB-free composite (negative control); (II) resin modified glass ionomer (RM-GIC; positive control); (III) MDPB-free adhesive system+MDPB-containing composite (2.83% MDPB); (IV) MDPB-containing adhesive system+MDPB-free composite; (V) MDPB-containing adhesive system+MDPB-containing composite. Artificial secondary root caries lesions were produced by a biological artificial caries challenge. The restored specimens were immersed into a culture medium containing Streptococcus mutans and sucrose for 15 days. Histological slices (80+/-20 microm) of the specimens were used for measuring the mean depths of the artificial lesions produced in both margins of the restorations using polarized light microscopy. Results were expressed in percentage related to the mean depth of the negative control, considered 100%. Data were compared by ANOVA followed by the Tukey's test (por =0.05).The depths of lesions adjacent to cavities filled with RM-GIC (GII; 85.17+/-15.2%) were significantly (p0.01) shallower than those adjacent to restorations with MDPB-free composite (GI; 100.00+/-10.04%), despite the presence of MDPB in the adhesive system (GIV; 101.95+/-21.32%). The depths of lesions adjacent to cavities restored with MDPB-containing composite (GIII; 82.68+/-12.81% and GV; 85.65+/-15.42%), despite the adhesive system used, were similar to those of RM-GIC (GII). Mean lesions depths in these groups decreased from 13% (GV) to 17% (GIII) in relation to the negative control (GI).MDPB-containing composite inhibits the progression of artificial secondary root caries lesions regardless of adhesive systems.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diode laser and a desensitizing dentifrice on dentin permeability. Fifty-two root dentin fragments were obtained (5 × 5mm) and treated with 24% EDTA gel. The samples were divided into 4 groups (n = 13): G1, control (no treatment); G2, diode laser (λ = 908 nm, 1.5 W, continuous mode, 20s); G3, application of abrasive dentifrice for 1 minute (Elmex Sensitive Professional (International Gaba); and G4, application of abrasive dentifrice for 1 minute followed by irradiation with diode laser. Ten samples per group were immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 4h. The specimens were washed, longitudinally sectioned, observed under optical microscopy, photographed and assessed based on the degree of dye leakage. The remaining samples were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The leakage data were subjected to ANOVA test, followed by Tukey’s t-test (α = 5%). Groups 2, 3 and 4 showed less dye penetration than the control group (p < 0.05), but were similar among each other. SEM images showed that dentinal tubules were open in G1, and fused and occluded in G2. Group 3 showed dentinal tubules that were occluded by the metal ions from the toothpaste. G4 presented similar characteristics to G3, and the presence of fused dentin. The diode laser and the dentifrice were effective in reducing dentinal permeability, and the combination of the two treatments did not show better results than either one used alone.

Little is known about the physiological mechanisms related to low-intensity laser therapy (LILT), particularly in acute inflammation and subsequent wound healing. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of LILT on mast cell degranulation. Epulis fissuratum tissues from eight patients were used. One part of the lesion was irradiated with an AsGaAl laser (lambda = 670 nm, 8.0 J/cm(2), 5 mW, 4 min). The other part was not irradiated. Then, the specimens were immediately removed, fixed and examined by light microscopy. The number of mast cells was similar in laser-treated samples when compared with non-irradiated specimens. The degranulation indexes of the mast cells observed in the irradiated samples were significantly higher than those of controls (P0.05). LILT with the parameters used increased the number of degranulated mast cells in oral mucosa.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:41:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1517-74912003000100017.pdf: 199073 bytes, checksum: adda696d6380d52f91b0828462d6dd04 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:41:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1517-74912003000100017.pdf: 199073 bytes, checksum: adda696d6380d52f91b0828462d6dd04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:32:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1517-74912003000100017.pdf: 199073 bytes, checksum: adda696d6380d52f91b0828462d6dd04 (MD5) S1517-74912003000100017.pdf.txt: 24705 bytes, checksum: 3050cbdd1addcec7a2691076fadbd191 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:46:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1517-74912003000100017.pdf: 199073 bytes, checksum: adda696d6380d52f91b0828462d6dd04 (MD5) S1517-74912003000100017.pdf.txt: 24705 bytes, checksum: 3050cbdd1addcec7a2691076fadbd191 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:46:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1517-74912003000100017.pdf: 199073 bytes, checksum: adda696d6380d52f91b0828462d6dd04 (MD5) S1517-74912003000100017.pdf.txt: 24705 bytes, checksum: 3050cbdd1addcec7a2691076fadbd191 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-03-01 O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar a freqüência da infecção por Candida sp. em biópsias de lesões da mucosa bucal, assim como associar a presença de Candida sp. com lesões malignas e lesões com vários graus de displasia. Foram utilizadas 832 biópsias da mucosa bucal, previamente incluídas em parafinas, cujos blocos foram obtidos dos arquivos da Disciplina de Patologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara da UNESP, no período entre 1990-2001. Três cortes seqüenciais foram corados pelo ácido periódico de Schiff (PAS). do total de biópsias 27,2% foram PAS positivas, dessas 83,25% eram provenientes de pacientes do sexo masculino. Houve associação positiva entre infecção com displasia epitelial leve, moderada, severa, carcinoma espinocelular e hiperqueratose (p < 0,05). Não houve associação entre hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória, líquen plano, granuloma piogênico (p < 0,05) com infecções fúngicas. A língua foi o sítio mais acometido por infecções em relação a outros sítios (p < 0,05). A partir dos dados quantitativos, concluiu-se que houve correlação positiva de infecção por fungos, lesões displásicas e carcinoma, sendo mais freqüente no sexo masculino. Estes dados não permitem inferir se o fungo causa displasia epitelial e carcinoma, mas confirmam a maior presença de Candida nessas lesões. Candidosis is the most common fungal infection in the oral cavity, and is usually associated with local and systemic predisposing factors. The ocurrence and relevance of Candidal infection in oral lesions such as liquen planus, leukoplakias and carcinomas are still to be understood. The aim of the present study was to define the frequency of infection by Candida sp. on biopsies of oral mucosal lesions and associate its presence with malignant and dysplastic lesions. Histopathology reports issued between 1990 and 2001 inclusive were reviewed. Three sections of each mucosal biopsy were stained using the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) technique. From the 832 biopsies 27.2% were PAS positive, of which 83.25% were obtained from male patients. There was positive association between fungic infection and mild, moderate and severe epithelial dysplasia, squamous cell carcinoma and hiperqueratosis (p < 0.05). There was no association between fungic infection and inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, lichen planus and pyogenic granuloma (p < 0.05). The frequency of infection in the tongue was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in the other sites. Our results do not show a causal relation between Candida sp. and dysplastic lesions and carcinomas, but do confirm the higher presence of that microrganism in those lesions. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara Disciplina de Patologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara Disciplina de Patologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara

In this study we compared the microleakage of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations following the use of different methods of root caries removal. In vitro root caries were induced in 75 human root dentin samples that were divided in five groups of 15 each according to the method used for caries removal: in group 1 spherical carbide burs at low speed were used, in group 2 a hand-held excavator was used, and in groups 3 to 5 an Er,Cr:YSGG laser was used at 2.25 W, 40.18 J/cm(2) (group 3), 2.50 W, 44.64 J/cm(2) (group 4) and 2.75 W, 49.11 J/cm(2) (group 5). The air/water cooling during irradiation was set to 55%/65% respectively. All cavities were filled with GIC. Five samples from each group were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the other ten samples were thermocycled and submitted to a microleakage test. The data obtained were compared by ANOVA followed by Fisher's test (p≤0.05). Group 4 showed the lowest microleakage index (56.65 6.30; p

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of chlorhexidine on microleakage of composite restorations in class V cavities prepared with a carbide bur (CB) and a erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser. Methods and Materials Cavity preparations were created on the buccal surfaces of 48 bovine incisors using different methods then equally dividing them into four groups. Groups I and II were prepared with a #56 CB in a high speed handpiece while Groups III and IV were prepared with a Er:YAG laser at 350m J/4Hz on enamel and at 80.24 J/cm2 on dentin. The cavity preparations were rinsed with 2% chlorhexidine solution before the application of Clearfill SE Bond system and placement of a Z100 composite resin restoration. After 24 hours, the teeth were polished, thermocycled, and sealed with cosmetic varnish. The samples were then immersed in 2% methylene blue for four hours and sectioned in the buccolingual direction to determine the degree of microleakage. Results After statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis, p Conclusion The use of the chlorhexidine did not interfere with the adhesion process regardless of whether a CB or the Er:YAG laser were used to prepare class V cavities when restored with the tested self-etching adhesive system. Citation Geraldo-Martins VR, Robles FRP, Matos AB. Chlorhexidine's Effect on Sealing Ability of Composite Restorations Following Er:YAG Laser Cavity Preparation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:026-033.