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As the emerging and noninvasive biomarkers, exosomes play an important role in cancer screening, cancer-related immune response, and the physiological process. The sensitive, specific, and efficient detection of cancer cell-derived exosomes is of significance for early cancer diagnosis of patients. This work developed a novel dual-signal and intrinsic self-calibration aptasensor of exosomes based on a functional hybrid thin-film platform. This platform was constructed via facile assembly of black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) and ferrocene (Fc)-doped metal-organic frameworks (ZIF-67) on indium tin oxide (ITO) slice, followed by combining methylene blue (MB)-labeled single- strand DNA aptamer on ITO slice. The resultant aptamer-BPNSs/Fc/ZIF-67/ITO platform had dual redox-signal responses of MB (labeled on aptamer) and Fc (doped into ZIF-67). In the presence of specific cancer cell-derived exosomes, the redox current of MB regularly reduced and that of Fc (as reference) hardly changed. An intrinsic self-calibration aptasensor was achieved and enabled sensitive detection of exosomes, showing a limit of detection down to 100 particles mL-1. The aptasensor with a capability of precise protein capture can efficiently determine specific cancer cell-derived exosomes in practical human serum and plasma samples from healthy individuals and breast cancer patients. In light of excellent performances, this aptasensor can be expanded to multiple biomarkers from cell line exosomes and is beneficial for exploring advanced techniques for high-performance detection of exosomes derived from different types of cancer cells. This work promotes the development of current techniques for early cancer screening and clinical diagnosis.

In recent years, there are ever-increasing scientific researches about zero-dimensional (0D) sulfur nanomaterials, focusing on sulfur nanoparticles, sulfur quantum dots and various nanosulfur-containing functional materials. After surface modifications and further modifications with different components, the products exhibit multiple structures, excellent functions and promising applications. This present review systematically summarizes various synthetic methods, modification strategies and versatile applications of 0D sulfur nanomaterials. The first section introduces various synthetic methods, including hydrothermal, solvothermal, green synthesis, microemulsion, electrochemical, mechanochemical synthesis, chemical vapor deposition and the synthesis on various substrates. The second section highlights different modification strategies, mainly involving surface modifications, composite systems, core/shell structures, porous structures, thin films, nanohybrids and assembly systems. The third section discusses versatile application fields, referring to energy storage and conversion, photo/electro-catalysis, optical and electrochemical sensing, bio-imaging, biomedicine therapy, antifungal and antibacterial activities, separation and preconcentration, positive effects on plant growth. Meanwhile, this review rationally comments the current advances, challenges and perspectives in forthcoming studies through discussing state-of-the-art related studies on 0D sulfur nanomaterials. Considering rapid development in the promising research direction and the lack of an all-around review currently, this opportune and comprehensive review is attractive for researchers in multiple scientific disciplines, including chemistry, material science, engineering, biology and medicine. This review will promote the development of 0D nanomaterials and the rational exploration of new low-dimensional functional nanomaterials and derivatives toward promising applications.

Objective:Treatment of Demodex infestations is often inadequate and associated with low effective rate. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of an ornidazole-based sequential therapy for mites folliculitis treatment.Methods:Two-hundred patients with mites folliculitis were sequentially treated

Objectives To assess the association between UA level and the prevalence, severity, plaque characteristics and calcium score (CACS) of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with suspected coronary artery disease undergoing 256-detector coronary computed tomography, and further assess in sex. Methods A total of 1116 individuals with suspected CAD without known CAD were successful enrolled. The individuals were stratified into four groups according to their serum UA quartile in total, male and female, respectively. The baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of all population were collected, the prevalence, severity, characteristics and CACS of plaque were analysed by CCTA. The association the quartile of UA with the prevalence, severity, characteristics and CACS of plaque were assessed in total, male and female. The univariable and multivariable logistic regression were employ to find the association UA with significant stenosis, multivessel disease, high CACS and plaque characteristics in total, male and female. Results In the study, 50.7% were men, the mean age was 58.05 ± 10.69 years. With increase in quartiles UA, the prevalence of any plaque in total and female significantly increased (Total: 56.8% vs 62.0% vs 70.0% vs 73.0%, p 10, increasing quartiles of UA were significantly associated with CACS > 10 in both total (30.6% vs 32.5% vs 41.7% vs 44.5%, p = 0.001) and female (22.1% vs 24.1% vs 31.2% vs 41.0%, p = 0.002). As the UA increases in female, the proportion of mixed plaques increased significantly (21.7% vs 22.7% vs 24.5% vs 30.5%, p = 0.022). After adjustment, UA was the significant predictor of significant stenosis (OR:1.004, 95% CI (1.001-1.007), P = 0.011), multivessel disease (OR:1.003, 95% CI (1.001-1.006), P Conclusions UA was the significant predictor of significant stenosis, multivessel disease and mixed plaque in female; UA was only the strongest risk factor for mixed plaque in total. however, UA was not a real independent risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis in male. The level of UA was significantly associated with coronary atherosclerosis of female but not male.

Objectives To examine whether Pitavastatin Preconditioning could effectively reduce ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and the underlying mechanisms involved. Methods Ligated the anterior descending coronary artery for 30 minutes and then loosen the ligation for 1 hour to establish ischaemia/reperfusion model in mice. A potent 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, pitavastatin was given to the mice as a single dose (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) by gavage 1 hour before reperfusion. Animals were divided into 5 groups (control group, ischaemia group, ischaemia/reperfusion group, pitavastatin 5mg groups and pitavastain 10 mg group). Extravasated Evans blue dye measured by spectrophotometry 30 minutes after reperfusion to assess ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced vascular leakage. We introduced in vivo cryotechnique (IVCT), which immediately cryofixes beating heart tissue of living mice in situ , to measure the heart microvascular reperfusion situation. Results Pitavastatin Preconditioning prevented IRI-induced vascular leakage and improve microvascular blood reflow, decreased the LDH, CK-MB, CRP and immflammatory factors expression (P Conclusions Our results demonstrated that Pitavastatin Preconditioning reduces Myocardium ischaemia/reperfusion injury through Microvascular protection: preventing microvascular endothelial cells dysfunction and improving Cx43 expression.

Objectives To analyse the relationship between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio on admission and cardiovascular events in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 387 patients who underwent urgent PCI with STEMI were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to their median LDL-C/HDL-C ratio on admission: low LDL-C/HDL-C group (LDL-C /HDL-C ratio ≤ 2.50 mmol/L, n = 225) and high LDL-C/HDL-C group (LDL-C /HDL-C ratio > 2.50 mmol/L, n = 162). In the two groups, incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and readmission for cardiovascular events was collected during follow-up. MACE was defined as cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, revascularisation, and stroke. Results The median duration of follow-up was 399.20 ± 61.68 days. The incidences of stroke and MACE were higher significantly in high LDL-C/HDL-C group than in low LDL-C/HDL-C group (stroke: 5.7% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.040; MACE: 13.2% vs. 6.3%, P = 0.021). After adjusting various confounders, the incidences of stroke and MACE significantly correlated with LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (hazard ratio (HR) = 9.048, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.026–79.792, P = 0.047; HR = 2.975, 95% CI: 1.004–8.819, P = 0.049, respectively); the incidence of readmission for cardiovascular events significantly correlated with LDL-C (HR = 8.055, 95% CI: 1.605–39.326, P = 0.01). Conclusions The study suggested that the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio on admission had an impact on cardiovascular events, and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was a more useful predictor of cardiovascular events than the individual levels of LDL-C and HDL-C in patients with STEMI undergo urgent PCI.

Objective To compare the differences of onset time in old people and middle-youth people with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods From January 2000 and May 2010, 1024 patients with STEMI were investigated for the exact onset time of symptoms. They were classified as the middle-youth group ( Results The peaks of onset of STEMI in middle-youth group were observed in October and February, On Friday, Saturday and Wednesday, at 10:00 and 22:00. And the peaks in the old group were observed in October, January and March, on Friday, Sunday and Monday, at 06:00 and 02:00. The incidences of STEMI in the old group were significant higher than in the middle-youth group in March (11.89%), on Sunday (15.97%) and Monday (17.42%), at 06:00 (6.35%) and 02:00 (5.74%) (p Conclusion The discipline of onset timing with STEMI in old people was significantly different than that in the middle -youth people. The onset time of old people had high rate occurrence in seasonal shifts, interchanging of working day with non-working day and in the early morning. The results suggest that the discipline of onset timing with STEMI changes with age.

Background Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-induced myocardial damage is a major cause of late cardiovascular events. Treatment with atorvastatin before PCI can reduce myocardial damage during the peri-PCI period. Objectives: To compare the safety and myocardial effects of different atorvastatin loading doses and dosing frequency before PCI in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients. Methods 80 NSTE-ACS patients were randomly divided into four groups (20 patients/group). The control group was given 40 mg atorvastatin each night. The three loading dose groups were treated as in the control group, but were given 80 mg atorvastatin 12 h before PCI (low-load group) in combination with 40 mg atorvastatin 2–4 h before PCI (mid-load group) or 60 mg atorvastatin 2–4 h before PCI (high-load group). All patients underwent PCI within 48–72 h of admission, and received 40 mg atorvastatin for at least 1 month after PCI. Changes in myocardial markers and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were analysed. Patients were followed-up for 30 days to monitor the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Results No deaths or revascularisations were recorded. The incidences of MACE differed significantly between the four groups (40%, 25%, 10% and 0%, respectively, p Conclusion This study shows that short-term atorvastatin loading before PCI was well tolerated had beneficial myocardial effects in patients with NSTE-ACS.