3 results on '"Rafael A Badell-Grau"'
Search Results
2. Investigating the Prevalence of Reactive Online Searching in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infoveillance Study
- Author
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Jordan P. Cuff, Brendan P Kelly, Rafael A Badell-Grau, Emyr Lloyd-Evans, and Helen Waller-Evans
- Subjects
fake news ,Economic growth ,Internationality ,020205 medical informatics ,coronavirus ,02 engineering and technology ,Global Health ,chloroquine ,COVID-19 Testing ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,Health care ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Per capita ,Global health ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Misinformation ,Health Education ,ibuprofen ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Communication ,lcsh:R858-859.7 ,Public Health ,Coronavirus Infections ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Google Trends ,Public policy ,Health Informatics ,lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,infodemiology ,Infodemiology ,Betacoronavirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Political science ,medicine ,Humans ,Mass Media ,misinformation ,Pandemics ,Internet ,Original Paper ,Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Public health ,COVID-19 ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,business ,Social Media - Abstract
Background The ongoing pandemic has placed an unprecedented strain on global society, health care, governments, and mass media. Public dissemination of government policies, medical interventions, and misinformation has been remarkably rapid and largely unregulated during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in increased misinterpretations, miscommunication, and public panic. Being the first full-scale global pandemic of the digital age, COVID-19 has presented novel challenges pertinent to government advice, the spread of news and misinformation, and the trade-off between the accessibility of science and the premature public use of unproven medical interventions. Objective This study aims to assess the use of internet search terms relating to COVID-19 information and misinformation during the global pandemic, identify which were most used in six affected countries, investigate any temporal trends and the likely propagators of key search terms, and determine any correlation between the per capita cases and deaths with the adoption of these search terms in each of the six countries. Methods This study uses relative search volume data extracted from Google Trends for search terms linked to the COVID-19 pandemic alongside per capita case and mortality data extracted from the European Open Data Portal to identify the temporal dynamics of the spread of news and misinformation during the global pandemic in six affected countries (Australia, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States). A correlation analysis was carried out to ascertain any correlation between the temporal trends of search term use and the rise of per capita mortality and disease cases. Results Of the selected search terms, most were searched immediately following promotion by governments, public figures, or viral circulation of information, but also in relation to the publication of scientific resources, which were sometimes misinterpreted before further dissemination. Strong correlations were identified between the volume of these COVID-19–related search terms (overall mean Spearman rho 0.753, SD 0.158), and per capita mortality (mean per capita deaths Spearman rho 0.690, SD 0.168) and cases (mean per capita cases Spearman rho 0.800, SD 0.112). Conclusions These findings illustrate the increased rate and volume of the public consumption of novel information during a global health care crisis. The positive correlation between mortality and online searching, particularly in countries with lower COVID-19 testing rates, may demonstrate the imperative to safeguard official communications and dispel misinformation in these countries. Online news, government briefings, and social media provide a powerful tool for the dissemination of important information to the public during pandemics, but their misuse and the presentation of misrepresented medical information should be monitored, minimized, and addressed to safeguard public safety. Ultimately, governments, public health authorities, and scientists have a moral imperative to safeguard the truth and maintain an accessible discourse with the public to limit fear.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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3. Detrimental effect of zwitterionic buffers on lysosomal homeostasis in cell lines and iPSC-derived neurons
- Author
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Kimberley M Jones, Nicholas D. Allen, Rafael A Badell-Grau, Jincy Winston, Emily D. Kirkham, Emyr Lloyd-Evans, Helen Waller-Evans, Sophie R Cook, and Brendan P Kelly
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,zwitterionic buffer ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Lysosome ,medicine ,Induced pluripotent stem cell ,HEPES ,iPSC ,Chinese hamster ovary cell ,lysosomal disease ,Autophagy ,General Medicine ,neuron ,Cell biology ,Ca2+ ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Cell culture ,lysosome ,Neuron ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Homeostasis - Abstract
Good’s buffers are commonly used for cell culture and, although developed to have minimal to no biological impact, they cause alterations in cellular processes such as autophagy and lysosomal enzyme activity. Using Chinese hamster ovary cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons, this study explores the effect of zwitterionic buffers, specifically HEPES, on lysosomal volume and Ca2+levels. Certain zwitterionic buffers lead to lysosomal expansion and reduced lysosomal Ca2+. Care should be taken when selecting buffers for growth media to avoid detrimental impacts on lysosomal function.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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