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International audience; Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic ESKAPE pathogen that produces two lectins, LecA and LecB, as part of its large arsenal of virulence factors. Both carbohydrate-binding proteins are central to the initial and later persistent infection processes, i.e. bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. The biofilm matrix is a major resistance determinant and protects the bacteria against external threats such as the host immune system or antibiotic treatment. Therefore, the development of drugs against the P. aeruginosa biofilm is of particular interest to restore efficacy of antimicrobials. Carbohydrate-based inhibitors for LecA and LecB were previously shown to efficiently reduce biofilm formations. Here, we report a new approach for inhibiting LecA with synthetic molecules bridging the established carbohydrate-binding site and a central cavity located between two LecA protomers of the lectin tetramer. Inspired by in silico design, we synthesized various galactosidic LecA inhibitors with aromatic moities targeting this central pocket. These compounds reached low micromolar affinities, validated in different biophysical assays. Finally, X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the interactions of this compound class with LecA. This new mode of action paves the way to a novel route towards inhibition of P. aeruginosa biofilms.

Water contamination by discharge of untreated or poorly treated wastewater into water bodies is a current issue that may cause harm to humans. Water quality assessment targets general parameters, which often misleads to underestimation of their implication in the environment. Acute and genotoxicity assays using Daphnia magna is a reliable tool for testing deleterious effects of wastewater exposure. This paper aimed at evaluating acute ecotoxicity as well as genotoxicity of a biological treatment system composed by an anaerobic bioreactor (AR), algal turf scrubber (ATS), followed by two downflow constructed wetlands (CW). The university's wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) composed by an equalization tank (ET), an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), followed by an aerobic bioreactor (AB) was also assessed for acute and genotoxicity. Our results showed the acute ecotoxicity ranged from moderately to extremely toxic, and from nontoxic to moderately toxic for ET and AB. For AR, most samples were moderately toxic. The outflow from ATS and CW's tanks completely eliminated acute toxicity and genotoxicity evidencing that the proposed system combining ATS and vertical CWs is suitable for treating sanitary wastewater.

Because of the antimicrobial resistance crisis, lectins are considered novel drug targets. Pseudomonas aeruginosa utilizes LecA and LecB in the infection process. Inhibition of both lectins with carbohydrate‐derived molecules can reduce biofilm formation to restore antimicrobial susceptibility. Here, we focused on non‐carbohydrate inhibitors for LecA to explore new avenues for lectin inhibition. From a screening cascade we obtained one experimentally confirmed hit, a catechol, belonging to the well‐known PAINS compounds. Rigorous analyses validated electron‐deficient catechols as millimolar LecA inhibitors. The first co‐crystal structure of a non‐carbohydrate inhibitor in complex with a bacterial lectin clearly demonstrates the catechol mimicking the binding of natural glycosides with LecA. Importantly, catechol 3 is the first non‐carbohydrate lectin ligand that binds bacterial and mammalian calcium(II)‐binding lectins, giving rise to this fundamentally new class of glycomimetics., A screening yields the first non‐carbohydrate small molecules mimicking the interaction of carbohydrates in the binding sites of bacterial lectins. The catechols, known as PAINS, were carefully validated in numerous biophysical assays. A crystal structure in complex with Pseudomonas aeruginosa LecA and NMR analyses with mammalian C‐type lectin Langerin prove the catechol moiety as a general replacement motif for carbohydrates in calcium(II)‐binding lectins.

Main Objective: To describe the role of nurses in the care provided to pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS, with the purpose of recognizing the importance of this professional in the care provided to this clientele, in order to seek support for a better quality of life and treatment adherence decreasing the possibility of vertical transmission.

Objective: To investigate the association between nutritional status and quality of life in patients under hemodialysis from a kidney transplantation center in Fortaleza, Ceara waiting for kidney transplantation. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study carried out from August to October 2018, in which the patients' nutritional status and quality of life were evaluated using the Brazilian version of the SF-36 questionnaire. A total of 52 patients from a kidney transplantation center belonging to a public university hospital participated. Results: It was observed that most patients were eutrophic according to the body mass index (59.6%), arm circumference (48.1%), and arm muscle circumference (75.0%) parameters; however, based on the tricipital skin-fold measurement, 59.6% of the sample was malnourished. Regarding the quality of life dimensions, the "physical role functioning" and "general health perceptions" had the worst scores, but a significant association with female gender (p = 0.046) and body mass index (p=0.010), respectively. The “physical functioning” dimension, on the other hand, was significantly associated with male gender (p=0.045). Conclusion: Compromise was observed in some quality of life dimensions, and the findings suggest a relationship between quality of life and sex and nutritional status. Patients under hemodialysis deserve special attention as they present several physical, social, and emotional weaknesses that can compromise important nutritional aspects and quality of life before and after transplantation, affecting the treatment of the disease. Thus, the importance of periodic nutritional diagnosis and quality of life assessment is emphasized.

Toxoplasma gondii and Cystoisopora spp. are coccidian protozoa and compulsory intracellular parasites. These parasites present an enteric cycle phase, wild and domestic felines are definitive hosts capable of eliminating non-sporulated oocysts by faeces. Furthermore, they share the same transmission path, through the ingestion of infectious oocysts or the ingestion of cysts present on tissues. Most cat infections occur subclinically. Commonly, clinical and severe disease develops more often in kittens and immunocompromised animals. The present paper reports a case of coinfection of T. gondii and Cystoisospora spp in a feline of approximately 20 days old, weighing 260 grams, assisted at the Veterinary Hospital - UEM. The patient presented acute signs of limited mobility, remaining only in sternal position, cervical ventroflexion, dyspnea, lethargy and anorexia. T. gondii was identified through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test using a blood sample, whereas the co-analysis by flotation in saturated saline solution (Willis technique) was able to verify the presence of oocysts of Cystoisospora spp. After negative result from PCR test using stool sample, the presence of Cystoisospora spp. was confirmed, differentiating it from oocysts of T. gondii. The treatment based on sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim was able to control the infection and decrease disease symptoms, proving to be effective and showing significant clinical improvement within 3 days after starting the treatment.

Resumo OBJETIVO: relatar a experiência denominada vigi@dengue realizada no município de Natal-RN, Brasil, em out/2015-maio/2016. MÉTODOS: os indicadores entomológicos foram obtidos a partir das armadilhas de oviposição, e os indicadores epidemiológicos, das notificações no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan-dengue) on-line, da busca ativa de casos e detecção de RNA viral (RTq-PCR) em artrópodes e amostras de soro humano; definiram-se níveis de risco baseados nesses indicadores, estabelecendo-se categorias de intervenções para cada nível. RESULTADOS: identificação precoce do surgimento de epidemia em três áreas da cidade, com orientação do trabalho de campo para áreas mais vulneráveis; Natal-RN apresentou índice de positividade de ovitrampas (IPO) de 40% e índice de densidade de ovos (IDO) de 51 ovos∕ovitrampa; identificou-se cocirculação dos arbovírus CHIKV, DENV-1 e DENV-3 em Natal-RN. CONCLUSÃO: a estratégia identificou precocemente o surgimento de epidemias localizadas; foi útil à orientação das medidas de controle para as áreas de maior risco.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: An increasingly popular modality is futsal; with increased popularity, the number of adolescents practicing such sport is also increasing and, as consequence, related injuries are also increasing, becoming object of interest of healthcare professionals. This study aimed at comparing signs and symptoms in adolescents practicing and not practicing futsal, to suggest positivity for patellar chondromalacia. METHODS: To detect patellar chondromalacia, history and physical evaluation (Perkin, lateral patellar shift, Waldron, patellar apprehension and Clarke's signal) were performed. RESULTS: Participated in the study 88 individuals, being 44 futsal practitioners and 44 non-practitioners. In the practitioners group, 54.5% have reported knee pain versus 34.1% of non-practitioners. The crossing of clinical signs with pain has shown statistically significant values: Perkin test (p=0.030), Waldron test (p=0.030) for practitioners and Perkin (p=0.002), lateral patellar shift (p=0.020) and Clarke's signal (p=0.014) for non-practitioners. CONCLUSION: This study has shown more positivity of clinical tests for patellar chondromalacia in non-practitioners of futsal, however practitioners had lower frequency of positivity, except for Clarke's signal. In addition, pain was more frequent in the practitioners group. RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Uma das modalidades em ascensão mundial é o futsal; com aumento na popularidade, o número de adolescentes que praticam o esporte tem aumentado e como consequência as lesões de sua prática também têm crescido, tornando-se objeto de interesse de profissionais da área da saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar sinais e sintomas presentes em adolescentes não praticantes e praticantes de futsal, para sugerir a positividade nos testes para condromalácia patelar. MÉTODOS: Foram realizados anamnese e exame físico (Perkin, deslocamento lateral da patela, Waldron, apreensão patelar e sinal de Clarke) para detecção de condromalácia patelar. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 88 indivíduos sendo 44 praticantes de futsal e 44 não praticantes. No grupo dos praticantes 54,5% relataram sentir dor no joelho, versus 34,1% dos não praticantes. O cruzamento dos testes clínicos com a dor mostrou valores estatisticamente significantes: teste de Perkin (p=0,030) teste de Waldron (p=0,030) nos praticantes e nos não praticantes Perkin (p=0,002), deslocamento lateral da patela (p=0,020) e sinal de Clarke (p=0,014). CONCLUSÃO: Esse estudo mostrou maior frequência de positividade de testes clínicos para condromalácia patelar em não praticantes de futsal, entretanto, os praticantes apresentaram menor frequência de positividade, exceto no sinal de Clarke. Além disso, a presença de dor apresentou maior frequência para o grupo de praticantes.

Introdução: O estado nutricional e o tempo de jejum pré e pós-cirúrgico impactam na morbimortalidade de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas. No Brasil, o tempo de jejum prolongado e a elevada prevalência de desnutrição são comuns nos hospitais terciários. Objetivo: Realizar levantamento do tempo de jejum médio praticado em hospital terciário e avaliar o impacto do jejum pré e pós-cirúrgico e do estado nutricional nas complicações gastrointestinais imediatas e no tempo de hospitalização em pacientes cirúrgicos. Material e métodos: Estudo prospectivo, realizado no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, em Fortaleza. Foram avaliados 173 indivíduos submetidos a cirurgias eletivas de médio e grande porte entre agosto de 2016 a janeiro de 2017. Foram coletadas medidas antropométricas, hemograma e informações como tempo de jejum pré e pós-cirúrgico, permanência hospitalar e complicações gastrointestinais. As análises de correlação e associação foram realizadas no Software SPSS®, com nível de significância fixado em p< 0,05. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes (71,1%) foi submetida à cirurgia de porte II (grande porte). Houve correlação negativa entre tempo de permanência hospitalar e índice de massa corporal [r= -0,223; p= 0,003], circunferência braquial [r= -0,335; p< 0,001], dobra cutânea tricipital [r= -0,320; p< 0,001], área muscular do braço corrigida [r= -0,253; p= 0,001], contagem total de linfócitos [r= -0,223; p= 0,008], hemoglobina [r= -0,243; p= 0,004] e relação linfócito/monócito [r= -0,308; p< 0,001]. Adicionalmente, houve correlação positiva entre tempo de permanência hospitalar com o tempo de jejum pós-cirúrgico [r= 0,456; p< 0,001]. Ausência de complicações gastrointestinais foi associada a valores de triagem (Nutritional Risk Screenin-2002) < 3 (p= 0,034) e entre menor tempo de jejum pós-cirúrgico (p= 0,033). Conclusão: Pacientes desnutridos, com maior risco nutricional e os que se submeteram a um tempo de jejum pós-cirúrgico elevado apresentaram maior tempo de permanência hospitalar e maior incidência de complicações gastrointestinais.

O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC), é uma das principais causas de internações e mortalidade no Brasil, dimensionando a sua magnitude como problema de saúde pública. A maior parte dos sobreviventes do AVC permanecem com alguma sequela, seja ela de ordem física, comunicacionais, funcionais, sensitivas, mentais ou emocionais. Para minimizar estes danos decorrentes do AVC é necessário que essa população tenha acesso à serviços de reabilitação, com tratamento de forma integral. O presente artigo tem como objetivo, analisar dados dos sistemas de informações online do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, para avaliar o perfil dos portadores de AVC e qual o seu grau de limitação. Como resultados, foi identificado que, no Brasil, este acidente ocorre em ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de adultos jovens ou envelhecimento, pouca escolaridade e na cor branca e parda. O acesso ao processo de reabilitação demonstra-se deficiente, prejudicando o quadro funcional do usuário. A interdisciplinaridade deverá ser desenvolvida a partir da verdadeira cooperação entre os saberes, isso requer que o trabalho em saúde seja por meio de práticas integradas, levando em consideração o contexto em que o indivíduo está inserido.

Objective To evaluate the nutritional risk factors in patients eligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted with patients recruited from an hematology outpatient clinic. Study variables included demographic and clinical data, patient-generated global subjective assessment findings, anthropometric indicators, food intake and oxidative stress levels. The level of significance was set at 5% (p

Botulinum toxin type A is one of the most used products in mitigation of wrinkles and expression lines by promoting muscle paralysis. Because of their hydrophilic and high molecular mass, this active has low permeability through the skin. Thus, to exert its action as rejuvenation agent, botulinum toxin needs to be applied through intramuscular injections, causing pain and discomfort to the patient. An alternative to minimize this problem is encapsulation of the neuropeptide in nanocarriers that can easily cross the skin barrier. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the feasibility of encapsulation of botulinum toxin A in polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes. It was possible to demonstrate the formation of nanoparticles and liposomes loaded with botulinum toxin A. It was observed that liposomes containing botulinum toxin had an effect on neurotransmitters most effective in tests in vitro. The results demonstrate that it is possible to encapsulate botulinum toxin type A in liposome form without altering its biological action. Key words: Botulinum toxin type A, liposomes, nanoparticles.

Summary: Interleukin-38 (IL-38) is a cytokine of the IL-1 family with a role in chronic inflammation. However, its main cellular targets and receptors remain obscure. IL-38 is highly expressed in the skin and downregulated in psoriasis patients. We report an investigation in cellular targets of IL-38 during the progression of imiquimod-induced psoriasis. In this model, IL-38 knockout (IL-38 KO) mice show delayed disease resolution with exacerbated IL-17-mediated inflammation, which is reversed by the administration of mature IL-38 or γδ T cell-receptor-blocking antibodies. Mechanistically, X-linked IL-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 (IL1RAPL1) is upregulated upon γδ T cell activation to feedforward-amplify IL-17 production and is required for IL-38 to suppress γδ T cell IL-17 production. Accordingly, psoriatic IL1RAPL1 KO mice show reduced inflammation and IL-17 production by γδ T cells. Our findings indicate a role for IL-38 in the regulation of γδ T cell activation through IL1RAPL1, with consequences for auto-inflammatory disease. : Han et al. report that genetic depletion of IL-38 in mice delays the resolution of imiquimod-induced psoriasis by increasing the production of the inflammatory cytokine IL-17A by skin-infiltrating T cells. Depleting these T cells or the receptor that is targeted by IL-38 reduces psoriatic skin inflammation. Keywords: IL-38, IL1RAPL1, IL-17, γδ T cells, psoriasis, inflammation

INTRODUCTION: Female sex workers (FSWs) are considered a bridge for transmission of pathogens from high-risk to general populations. We assessed the epidemiological status of syphilis in FSWs along the Pará highway system. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-two FSWs were interviewed and samples were analyzed using rapid qualitative tests and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The prevalence of syphilis was high (36.94%). The high rate of prostitution, use of illicit drugs, and search for financial resources increased Treponema pallidum transmission through unprotected sex. CONCLUSIONS: Several characteristics of FSWs were identified, which reinforce the need for measures guaranteeing their health and protection.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tramadol on tear production, intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD) in healthy dogs. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive 4mg kg-1 (n=11) and 6mg kg-1 (n=11) of tramadol hydrochloride intramuscularly. Tear production (Schirmer tear test, STT-1), IOP (applanation tonometry) and the PD (electronic pachymetry) were assessed before, 30 and 60 minutes after administration of tramadol. Data were compared by analysis of variance for repeated measures (P

Interleukin-38 (IL-38) is a cytokine of the IL-1 family with a role in chronic inflammation. However, its main cellular targets and receptor(s) remain obscure. IL-38 is highly expressed in the skin and downregulated in psoriasis patients. Therefore, we investigated cellular targets of IL-38 during the progression of imiquimod-induced psoriasis. In this model, IL-38-knockout (IL-38 KO) mice showed delayed disease resolution due to exacerbated IL-17-mediated inflammation, which was reversed by administration of mature IL-38. Mechanistically, IL-38 antagonized X-linked interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 (IL1RAPL1), which was upregulated upon γδ T cell activation to feed-forward amplify IL-17 production. Heightened activation of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells was also observed in IL-38 KO oncogene-driven mammary carcinoma, accompanied by attenuated tumor growth. Our findings, which are supported by clinical data, highlight the connection between auto-inflammation and anti-tumor immunity and indicate IL-38 as a potential therapeutic target under these conditions.

ObjectiveThe recent guidelines on management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) advise pharmacological thromboprophylaxis (PTP) after aneurysm obliteration. However, no study has addressed the safety of PTP in the aSAH population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the safety of early PTP after aSAH.MethodsRetrospective cohort of aSAH patients admitted between January 2012 and June 2013 in a single high-volume aSAH center. Traumatic SAH and perimesencephalic hemorrhage patients were excluded. Patients were grouped according to PTP timing: early PTP group (PTP within 24 hours of aneurysm treatment), and delayed PTP group (PTP started > 24 hours).ResultsA total of 174 SAH patients (mean age 56.3±12.5 years) were admitted during the study period. Thirty-nine patients (22%) did not receive PTP, whereas 135 patients (78%) received PTP after aneurysm treatment or negative angiography. Among the patients who received PTP, 65 (48%) had an external ventricular drain. Twenty-eight patients (21%) received early PTP, and 107 (79%) received delayed PTP. No patient in the early treatment group and three patients in the delayed PTP group developed an intracerebral hemorrhagic complication. Two required neurosurgical intervention and one died. These three patients were on concomitant PTP and dual antiplatelet therapy.ConclusionsThe initiation of PTP within 24 hours may be safe after the treatment of a ruptured aneurysm or in angiogram-negative SAH patients with diffuse aneurysmal hemorrhage pattern. We suggest caution with concomitant use of PTP and dual antiplatelet agents, because it possibly increases the risk for intracerebral hemorrhage.

International audience; The receptors tyrosine kinases (RTKs) for the colony stimulating factor-1, CSF-1R, and for the stem cell factor, SCFR or KIT, are important mediators of signal transduction. The abnormal function of these receptors, promoted by gain-of-function mutations, leads to their constitutive activation, associated with cancer or other proliferative diseases. A secondary effect of the mutations is the alteration of receptors' sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, compromising effectiveness of these molecules in clinical treatment. In particular, the mutation V560G in KIT increases its sensitivity to Imatinib, while the D816V in KIT, and D802V in CSF-1R, triggers resistance to the drug. We analyzed the Imatinib binding affinity to the native and mutated KIT (mutations V560G, S628N and D816V) and CSF-1R (mutation D802V) by using molecular dynamics simulations and energy calculations of Imatinib•target complexes. Further, we evaluated the sensitivity of the studied KIT receptors to Imatinib by measuring the inhibition of KIT phosphorylation. Our study showed that (i) the binding free energy of Imatinib to the targets is highly correlated with their experimentally measured sensitivity; (ii) the electrostatic interactions are a decisive factor affecting the binding energy; (iii) the most deleterious impact to the Imatinib sensitivity is promoted by D802V (CSF-1R) and D816V (KIT) mutations; (iv) the role of the juxtamembrane region, JMR, in the imatinib binding is accessory. These findings contribute to a better description of the mutation-induced effects alternating the targets sensitivity to Imatinib.

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias utilizadas na educação em saúde com os adolescentes. Método: revisão integrativa nas bases de dados ADOLEC, SCIELO e LILACS, por meio dos descritores adolescente, educação em saúde e ensino. A busca foi realizada no mês de junho de 2013, e foram encontrados 296 artigos. A amostra final foi composta por 18 artigos. Resultados: Para caracterização dos estudos selecionados foi utilizado um instrumento específico de coleta de dados validado. Os resultados foram apresentados de forma descritiva, em três etapas. A primeira constituiu da descrição dos dados de identificação das publicações. Na segunda foram avaliadas as características metodológicas. E, na terceira etapa, para organização do conteúdo, optou-se pela análise qualitativa, sistematizando esse conteúdo em três categorias temáticas. Conclusão: A identificação e a interpretação dos estudos selecionados possibilitou construir uma visão panorâmica sobre as estratégias utilizadas na educação em saúde com adolescentes. Descritores: Educação em saúde, adolescente, enfermagem.

Atta bisphaerica (Forel) is a leaf-cutting ant that specializes on grass and causes productivity losses in sugar cane fields and pastures. Three phorid species, Apocephalus attophilus (Borgmeier), Myrmosicarius grandicornis (Borgmeier) and Eibesfeldtphora bragancai (Brown), have been found parasitizing A. bisphaerica workers. These parasitoids can reduce plant material transported into the nests and ant traffic on the trails. Therefore, phorid flies have been considered potential biological control agents for leaf-cutting ants. Here, we evaluated which parasitoid species attack the leaf-cutting ant A. bisphaerica in pasture areas of a Brazilian Savannah-Atlantic Forest ecotone, parasitism rate, effect of host size, sexual dimorphism and sex ratio of the emerged parasitoids. Four nests of A. bisphaerica were selected in pasture areas from August 2016 to August 2017, with 400 workers collected from each colony monthly. A total of 23,714 A. bisphaerica workers were collected during the study, of which 236 (0.99%) were parasitized by phorid parasitoids. Apocephalus attophilus, E. bragancai and M. grandicornis parasitized 217, 17 and 2 ants, respectively. The higher parasitism rate was found in the hottest/rainy season of the year. Non-parasitized ants survived longer than those parasitized by A. attophilus. The larval and pupal periods of this parasitoid were 2.2 ± 0.8 and 16 ± 1.4 days, respectively, and the number of pupae per parasitized ant ranged from 1 to 7. The number of A. attophilus pupae per host increased with the host head size. Likewise, the size of the adult parasitoids also increased according to the host ant. Apocephalus attophilus females were larger than males and the sex ratio (male: female) did not differ from 1: 1. Our results showed that A. attophilus would be a potential biocontrol agent of leaf-cutting ants because it produces multiple larvae per host, allowing a great production of parasitoids with short developmental time and kills the host ant faster than other phorids.

A violência colabora para o desenvolvimento de agravos à saúde física e mental. Este estudo de caráter descritivo tem como objetivo verificar a prevalência dos transtornos psíquicos associados à violência em usuários do serviço de psicologia num município da Grande São Paulo. Utilizando os dados estatísticos do serviço de psicologia, extraiu-se uma amostra de 83 sujeitos, caracterizada quanto ao tipo de violência sofrida, queixa emocional, região de origem. Os achados revelaram que 34,93% eram vítimas de violência, mulheres com média de idade de 34 anos, com predomínio da violência física em 44,82% dos casos. Houve certa coerência entre a associação de violência física com transtornos de humor, e de violência sexual com transtornos fóbicos ansiosos. Os dados revelam que a violência causa prejuízos importantes à saúde mental, reforçando a tese de que a violência é um problema de saúde pública que só pode ser resolvido por meio da intersetorialidade.

Introduction : Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) is a treatment modality for oncology and hematological diseases genetically inherited or acquired. The morbidities and mortalities related to HSCT are evident in its different phases, such as the Graft Versus Host Disease especially on dry eye syndrome, one of the most complication of chronic phase, characterized as a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface. Several treatments may be directed to the dry eye and the consequences caused by it during the HSCT post-period. Objective : To reveal the treatments for dry eye in patients after HSCT period. Method : This is a literature integrative review performed by the SCOPUS databases, National Library of Medicine (PubMed); Web of Science and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Heath Literature (CINAHL). Results : Of the 1,551 articles identified, there were 21 in the final sample. Regarding the treatments addressed, the most often used was found the cyclosporine 0.05%, followed by allogeneic and autologous drops. Conclusion : There was no consensus identified as the best type of treatment for these patients. However, it is known that depend mainly on clinical features of chronic graft-versus-host eye on the post-transplantation situation.

Introdução: O malondialdeído (MDA) é um biomarcador importante na detecção do estresse oxidativo em amostras biológicas. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre os níveis séricos de marcadores de estresse oxidativo, o estadiamento e terapia no câncer colorretal e compará-los com indivíduos saudáveis. Método: A amostra foi composta por 40 pacientes com câncer colorretal, recebendo radioterapia e realizando ou não quimioterapia, e 80 indivíduos saudáveis, recrutados em uma clínica especializada em Oncologia, no período de janeiro a junho de 2013. O estresse oxidativo foi analisado através da peroxida..o lipídica, que foi baseada nas espécies reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Os resultados foram calculados de acordo com curva-padrão feita com malondialdeído. O estadiamento do câncer colorretal foi obtido dos prontuários dos pacientes. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas por meio dos testes exato de Fisher e Mann-Whitney, sendo o valor de p0,05). Conclusão: As concentra..es séricas de malondialdeído foram superiores no grupo câncer em relação ao grupo sem câncer. Além disso, os níveis elevados de malondialdeído foram associados positivamente ao grau de estadiamento do tumor.

Objective: The research proposes a study about the supply of anti-HIV services in primary health care in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in gynecology clinics. The objective of this study is to analyze the aspects involved in the expansion of access to HIV/AIDS diagnosis at the Primary Care Gynecology services in Rio de Janeiro. Methods: Descriptive qualitative study. Data was obtained through a semi-structured interview. For the analysis of qualitative data, we chose to use the Collective Subject Discourse. Results: In the field of gynecology, the supply of anti-HIV testing remains very limited, and in most cases happens on the occasion of prenatal care. Conclusion: In general,people do not feel vulnerable to HIV, and think they do not have risk behaviors, often because they are unaware of the form of disease transmission.

The colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) and the stem cell factor receptor KIT, type III receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), are important mediators of signal transduction. The normal functions of these receptors can be compromised by gain-of-function mutations associated with different physiopatological impacts. Whereas KIT D816V/H mutation is a well-characterized oncogenic event and principal cause of systemic mastocytosis, the homologous CSF-1R D802V has not been identified in human cancers. The KIT D816V oncogenic mutation triggers resistance to the RTK inhibitor Imatinib used as first line treatment against chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal tumors. CSF-1R is also sensitive to Imatinib and this sensitivity is altered by mutation D802V. Previous in silico characterization of the D816V mutation in KIT evidenced that the mutation caused a structure reorganization of the juxtamembrane region (JMR) and facilitated its departure from the kinase domain (KD). In this study, we showed that the equivalent CSF-1R D802V mutation does not promote such structural effects on the JMR despite of a reduction on some key H-bonds interactions controlling the JMR binding to the KD. In addition, this mutation disrupts the allosteric communication between two essential regulatory fragments of the receptors, the JMR and the A-loop. Nevertheless, the mutation-induced shift towards an active conformation observed in KIT D816V is not observed in CSF-1R D802V. The distinct impact of equivalent mutation in two homologous RTKs could be associated with the sequence difference between both receptors in the native form, particularly in the JMR region. A local mutation-induced perturbation on the A-loop structure observed in both receptors indicates the stabilization of an inactive non-inhibited form, which Imatinib cannot bind.

Alcoholism is a public health issue requiring important intervention from nurses providing systemized care. The objective was to identify the nursing diagnosis ineffective self - health management among alcohol ics. This descriptive, cross - sectional study was performed at a hospital located in Pernambuco state. The sample consisted of 46 patients. Data collection was performed by means of structured interviews using an instrument containing information about the referred nursing diagnosis. The diagnosis Ineffective Self - Health management was identified in 28.3% of the alcoholic patients. A relationship was observed between this phenomenon and the following characteristics: Daily life choices ineffective to achieve health goals, Expression of a wish to manage the disease and Failure in reducing risk factors . The findings suggest there is a need to restructure nursing care according o these characteristics. O Alcoolismo é um problema de saúde pública que exige importante atuação do enfermeiro na prestação de cuidados sistematizados. Objetivou - se identificar o diagnóstico de enfermagem Autocontrole Ineficaz da Saúde em alcoolistas. Trata - se de um estudo descri tivo, tipo transversal, desenvolvido em um hospital localizado no interior do estado de Pernambuco. A amostra foi de 46 pacientes. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista estruturada com a utilização de um instrumento com informações sobre o diagnóstico de enfermagem em estudo. Identificou - se o Autocontrole Ineficaz da Saúde em 28,3% dos pacientes alcoolistas. Esse fenômeno apresentou relação com as características Escolhas na vida diária ineficazes para atingir as metas de saúde, Expressão de desejo de controlar a doença e Falha em agir para reduzir fatores de risco . Os achados sugerem a necessidade da reestruturação do cuidado de enfermagem de acordo com essas características. El alcoholismo es un problema de salud pública que exige importante actuación del enfermero en la prestación de cuidados sistematizados. Se objetivó identificar el diagnóstico de enfermería Gestión ineficaz de la pro pia salud en alcohólicos. Estudio descriptivo, de tipo transversal, desarrollado en hospital ubicado en el interior del estado de Pernambuco. La muestra fue de 46 pacientes. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante entrevista estructurada, utilizando instrum ento con informaciones sobre el diagnóstico de enfermería en estudio. Se identificó Gestión ineficaz de la propia salud en 28,3% de los pacientes alcohólicos. Tal fenómeno presentó relación con las características En su vida diaria hace elecciones ineficac es para alcanzar objetivos de salud, Verbaliza deseos de manejar la enfermedad y Fracaso al emprender acciones para reducir los factores de riesgo. Los hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de reestructurar el cuidado de enfermería de acuerdo a tales característ icas. Descriptores: Alcoholismo; Procesos de Enfermería; Diagnóstico de Enfermería; Cooperación del Paciente.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the progression of lesions in different stages of osteoarthritis (OA) experimental by radiography (RX), computed tomography (CT), macroscopic and histopathology, linking these different diagnostic methods, helped to provide information that helps the best time for the therapeutic approach. Four experimental periods were delineated at 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after induction of OA, known as PI, PII, PIII and PIV, respectively, each with six animals. We evaluated the five compartments of the femorotibial joint: medial femoral condyle (MFC), lateral femoral condyle (LFC), medial tibial plateau (MTP), lateral tibial plateau (LTP) and femoral trochlea (FT). Therefore we established an index by compartment (IC) and by adding such an index was estimated joint femorotibial (IFT). It was observed that the CFM was the compartment with the highest IC also differed significantly (p0.05) between the PI and PII, however contrary fact occurred between the PII and PIII (p 0.05) between the PI and PII. In the variation of the average interval between periods, there was a higher value between the PIII PIV and for the other intervals of time periods (PI, PII, and PIII-PII). However, these intervals showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Through the RX, CT, macroscopic and histopathological findings, we found similar patterns among individuals within the same period demonstrating a gradual progression of the disease. These results show that between 3 and 6 weeks progression of the lesion is slower and probably also can be reversed in comparison to other ranges where proved further progression between 9 and 12 weeks after induction of trauma OA. These results may provide a better therapeutic approach aimed at reversing the lesions in early stages of OA. We conclude that the interconnection of the four diagnostic methods individually classified into scores, which were unified in both indices in the evaluation by the femorotibial joint compartment and may represent a diagnostic condition closer to the true condition of the injury and its progression.

The objective of this study was to classify samples of tablets containing dipyrone, caffeine and orphenadrine using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometric techniques. The data set had 300 spectra of samples from three tablets per batch and four different manufacturers. The pre-processing was accomplished by Savitzky-Golay algorithm with the first derivative, window with 17 points and second-order polynomial. The tablet classification was performed using chemometric models based on principal component analysis (PCA), soft independent modeling of class analogies (SIMCA), genetic algorithm- (GA-LDA) and successive projection algorithm-linear discriminant analysis (SPA-LDA). For PCA analysis, clusters were observed for each group of tablets. The SIMCA model was built using 15 and 30 spectral measures for the training set of similar drugs and reference drugs, respectively. The GA-LDA model used 12 variables, whereas SPA-LDA selected only two wavelengths, 1572 and 1933 nm. The methodology allowed a quick and non-destructive classification of the tablets and without the need for conventional analytical determinations. O objetivo deste estudo foi classificar amostras de comprimidos contendo dipirona, cafeína e orfenadrina usando espectroscopia no infravermelho próximo e técnicas quimiométricas. O conjunto de dados foi de 300 espectros de amostras de três comprimidos por lote e quatro diferentes produtores. O pré-processamento foi realizado pelo algoritmo Savitzky-Golay com primeira derivada, janela de 17 pontos e polinômio de segunda ordem. A classificação dos comprimidos foi conduzida usando modelos quimiométricas baseados na análise de componentes principais (PCA), modelagem independente flexível por analogias de classes (SIMCA), algoritmo genético- (GA-LDA) e algoritmo das projeções sucessivas-análise discriminante linear (SPA-LDA). Pela análise PCA, observou-se agrupamentos para cada conjunto de comprimidos. Para o modelo SIMCA, utilizou-se 15 e 30 medidas espectrais para o conjunto de treinamento dos medicamentos similares e de referência, respectivamente. Para o modelo GA-LDA, utilizou-se 12 variáveis, enquanto que o modelo SPA-LDA selecionou somente dois comprimentos de onda, 1572 e 1933 nm. Os modelos classificaram corretamente todas as amostras. A metodologia permitiu uma classificação rápida e não destrutiva das amostras e sem necessidade de determinações analíticas convencionais.