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The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during cryopreservation of semen alters the sperm motion and mobility characteristics, resulting in poor or failure of conception rate after artificial insemination (AI). Melatonin an antioxidant is able to modulate the effect of ROS and prevents spermatozoa by reducing the oxidative stress during freezing process. Eight ejaculates from eight healthy HF bulls diluted with Tris egg yolk glycerol extender were divided into five equal aliquots. The Computer Assisted Semen Analyser (CASA) results showed no significant difference between the control—post‐ thaw samples and melatonin‐treated samples; however, the velocity of spermatozoa with regard to the VAP, VSL showed highest increase in the 0.25 mM MLT‐treated semen followed by 0.1 mM MLT treated semen except for VCL where velocity increased with increase in the concentration of melatonin. The vigour of spermatozoa regard to BCF, STR and LIN recorded highest increase in the 0.25 mM MLT treated semen followed by 0.1 mM MLT‐treated semen except for the ALH where vigour increased with increase in the concentration of melatonin. The electron micrography images illustrated that the addition of 0.1 mM melatonin protected the plasma membrane and acrosome region and maintained the ultrastructure integrity of the cryopreserved spermatozoa when compared to control group, whereas the electron micrography of spermatozoa treated with 0.2 and 0.25 mM melatonin illustrated highest damage to the plasma and acrosome membrane. Thus concluding that inclusion of melatonin to sperm extender can improve the post‐thaw quality of cryopreserved bull spermatozoa., The production of ROS during cryopreservation of semen alters the sperm motion and mobility characteristics, resulting in poor or failure of conception rate after AI. Melatonin an antioxidant is able to modulate the effect of ROS and prevents spermatozoa by reducing the oxidative stress during freezing process. The electron micrography images illustrated that the addition of 0.1 mM melatonin protected the plasma membrane and acrosome region and maintained the ultrastructure integrity of the cryopreserved spermatozoa indicating inclusion of melatonin to sperm extender can improve the post‐thaw quality of cryopreserved bull spermatozoa

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of two housing systems on haematological parameters in buffaloes. Twelve buffaloes were selected and randomly divided into two equal groups. Animals of group A were housed in shed with net and animals of group B in shed without net. The experiment was conducted for a period of three months. Blood samples were aseptically collected fortnightly and were analysed for haematological studies. The mean values for Hb, TEC, TLC, PCV, MCHC and Neutrophil were 8.49 + 0.52 g/dl, 5.54 ± 1.05 (106/cmm), 27.45 ± 0.44, 31.15 ± 0.66 (%) and 40.99 ± 1.34 (%), respectively, which was nonsignificantly higher than the values of 8.20 ± 0.80 g/dl, 5.22 ± 0.66 (106/cmm), 27.00 ± 0.58 (%), 30.35 ± 0.32 (%) and 39.96 ± 0.66 (%), respectively. Whereas, the values of MCH, lymphocyte, eosinophil and monocyte were 15.26 ± 1.06 (μμg), 55.33 ± 0.44 (%), 2.32 ± 0.45 (%), and 1.69 ± 0.69 (%); respectively, which were non significantly lower than the values of 15.72 ± 0.85 (μμg), 55.56 ± 0.61 (%), 3.19 ± 0.05 (%), and 2.03 ± 0.84 (%), respectively in group A as compared to group B. However, WBC count (13.75 ± 0.56 (103/cmm) were significantly (P