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Summary: Purpose: To learn the prevalence of epilepsy in Silivri, a western town of Turkey, a randomized door-to-door survey was conducted using a standard questionnaire. The method of the study was adopted from the suggestions of the World Health Organization (WHO) for prevalence studies in developing countries, and the criteria were derived from Guidelines for Epidemiologic. Studies on Epilepsy proposed by the Commission on Epidemiology and Prognosis, the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 1993. Methods: From June I to October 1, 1994, 4,803 people out of a total population of 70,394 were surveyed. The questionnaire, which was administered by practitioners and intern doctors, consisted of 15 questions, with a sensitivity of 99.9% and a specificity of 76%. After the survey, neurologists examined all of the 415 people suspected of having epilepsy and classified the seizures of the active cases. Results: Of the 415 suspected cases, 49 people (24 women, 25 men) were determined as having epilepsy on the assessment day of October 1. 1994. The crude point prevalence of active epilepsy was 10.2 of 1,000 for the region. The prevalence of active epilepsy among women was 10.01 of 1,000 and among men was 10.39 of 1,000. Of the 49 cases, 40.8% had generalized seizures, 53.1% had partial onset seizures, and 6.1% could not be classified. Only 7.7% of the cases with partial onset seizures were defined as probable symptomatic cases. Conclusions: Onset of the disease peaked at the first decade of life. On the assessment day, 44.9% of those with epilepsy were receiving treatment, and 65.1% had visited religious figures at the onset or during the course of the disease, a figure that reveals the high prevalence of mystical beliefs about the disease in the study area.

Objectives: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still effective all over the world. Compared to adults, data on pediatric patients are limited. In this study, we aimed to retrospectively examine the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of pediatric patients who were followed up with the diagnosis of COVID-19 in the first 3 months of the pandemic in our hospital. Methods: A total of 190 patients, aged 1 month–18 years, who were followed up with a definite/probable diagnosis of COVID-19, who were treated in the Pediatric Infection Clinic, were included in the study. The demographic features, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings of the patients were retrospectively analyzed from their electronic medical records. Results: Eighty (42.1%) of the patients were laboratory confirmed (Polymerase chain reaction positive in nasopharyngeal swab). Mean age was 72 (2–216 months) and 102 (53.7%) patients were female. Family contact history was present in 115 (60.5%) patients. The patients were classified as asymptomatic (5.8%), mild (73.2%), moderate (18.4%), and severe/critical (2.6%) according to the severity of the disease. The most common symptoms were cough (71.1%) and fever (51.1%). Hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination was the most commonly used agent. Conclusion: In our study, in which we examined the pediatric COVID-19 patients, most of the patients had a mild clinical course, but there were applications with different clinical pictures such as acute appendicitis. Therefore, COVID-19 infection, which is still very unknown, will continue to surprise us with both changing treatment protocols and clinical presentations such as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

To investigate the medium-term outcomes of the patients who underwent revision total knee arthroplasty, and to come to a conclusion regarding the efficacy of the method by comparing these with literature data. 34 knees of 33 patients who underwent revision knee arthroplasty operation between January 2008 and January 2012 and were sufficiently followed-up were included into this study. Single-stage revision knee arthroplasty was performed for 25 knees for aseptic reasons, and two-stage revision knee arthroplasty was performed for 9 knees for septic reasons. For all patients, alpha, beta, gamma, sigma and total valgus angles were measured in pre-and post-operative anteroposterior (AP) X-rays and lateral X-rays based on American Knee Society radiological assessment form. For all patients, pre-and post-operative American Knee Society knee score and functional score was assessed. As laboratory work-up, all patients’ pre-and post-operative erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, white blood cells values were compared. The patients’ mean knee score and functional score was detected to be 34.7 (4-57) and 33.5 (5-55), respectively, and to be 78.2 (62-90) and 73.8 (50-90) after revision. In pre-operative assessments performed based on Knee Society radiographic assessment form, mean alpha angle was found to be 95.3 (77-103), mean beta angle to be 84.8 (71-100), mean gamma angle to be 5.8 (0-30), mean sigma angle to be 83.3 (49-97), and mean total valgus angle to be 0.1 (-13-12). In post-operative assessments, mean alpha angle was found to be 94.7 (90-99), mean beta angle to be 88.4 (84-92), mean gamma angle to be 3.7 (0-10), mean sigma angle to be 88.1 (85-92), and mean total valgus angle to be 3.1 (-1-8). We think that when revision knee arthroplasty operation is performed for proper indication and according to the surgical technique, it is a highly effective and preferable method in decreasing the pain severity and improving the life quality of the patients. © 2018, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.

PubMed ID: 27923282, The aim of the study was to compare ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels, both original and corrected, in healthy pregnancies and pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia. Maternal and cord blood samples from study (n = 16) and control (n = 17) groups were collected at the time of delivery. IMA levels were given in absorbance units (ABSU). IMA levels, both original and corrected, were compared between study and control groups. No significant difference was found between maternal and cord blood IMA levels between the study and control groups [1.0 (0.3–3.5) vs 1.2 (0.2–1.4) ABSU, p =.053 and 1.0 (0.1–2.2) vs 0.9 (0.4–3.6) ABSU, p =.382, respectively]. The results were similar for maternal IMA levels, after correction of IMA levels [1.1 (0.3–5.1) vs 1.2 (0.2–1.6) ABSU, p =.292]. IMA is a novel marker for ischaemia, without precise conclusions about its value in preeclampsia. An absolute correction formula, considering all possible intervening factors, is required for more accurate results. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Background: Endovenous thermal ablation of the small saphenous vein carries a risk for sural nerve injury. Ablation above mid-calf level is recommended to avoid it. However, this strategy could not eradicate this complication. We present our results of consecutive 30 small saphenous vein thermal ablations which are performed after ultrasonographic identification of the sural nerve. Methods: We studied 26 consecutive subjects with a total of 30 limbs. Ablation was performed proximal to the risk point by a 1470-nm diode laser. Patients were asked to attend follow-up outpatient controls at 7 days, 30 days, and 180 days postoperatively. Rate of identification of the sural nerve by ultrasonography, safety of the mid-calf level as a puncture site and postoperative sural nerve damage were assessed. Results: The sural nerve identification was achieved by ultrasonography in all patients except for one. Mid-calf level as a puncture site was not safe in three (10%) extremities. None of the patients showed any evidence suggesting postoperative sural nerve damage. Conclusion: Choosing the puncture site according to the risk point may be more reasonable than general mid-calf level which is being used.

PubMed ID: 25384244, The purpose of this study was to investigate whether levels of fetal hypoxia markers, S100 and ischaemia modified albumin (IMA) change in cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This case-control study included 15 intrauterine growth restricted fetuses and 20 age-matched controls. During delivery of the fetuses, cord blood and maternal blood S100 and IMA levels were studied. The fetal weight and umbilical cord pH values of IUGR fetuses were significantly lower than the control group. The mean maternal and umbilical cord blood values of S100 and IMA were similar in the two groups. IMA levels in cord blood of the IUGR group were significantly higher than maternal levels, whereas umbilical and maternal levels of IMA did not differ among control cases. In cases without brain sparing effect in Doppler ultrasonography, umbilical cord S100 and IMA levels do not change significantly in IUGR when compared with appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) fetuses. © 2015 Informa UK, Ltd.

WOS: 000326738400006, PubMed ID: 23452156, AimThe purpose of this study was to analyze histologically the effect of ozone therapy in combination with autogenous bone graft on bone healing in rat calvaria. MethodsCritical size defects were created in calvaria of 27 male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into three groups of nine animals each: autogenous bone graft group (n=9); autogenous bone graft with ozone therapy group (80%, 30s 3d for 2wk, n=9); non-treatment (control) group (n=9). Animals were killed after 8wk. Histomorphometric assessments, using image analysis software, and histological analyses were performed. Primary outcome was total bone area. Secondary outcomes (osteoblast number, new bone formation) were also measured. ResultsHistomorphometrically, the total bone area in the autogenous bone graft with ozone therapy group (9.32.2) were significantly higher than that of the autogenous bone graft group (5.1 +/- 1.8) (p

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of cervical rotations on flow velocity and volumes of vertebral arteries in healthy individuals and patients with cervical spondylosis and vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Twenty-eight patients with degenerative changes in the cervical spine (group 1), 24 patients with clinically proven vertebrobasilar insufficiency (group 2), and 20 healthy individuals (group 3) were evaluated. Significant difference was found in flow velocities of both vertebral arteries during neutral, 30-degree, 60-degree, and maximum rotations between groups 1 to 3 and groups 2 to 3. No significant difference was observed in flow velocities and volumes of the vertebral artery between groups 1 and 2. This occurrence might be explained by the fact that both groups have been affected not only by atherosclerotic changes but also by external pressure due to degenerative changes in the cervical spine.

WOS: 000387768300031, beta-Lactams are pharmacologically important compounds because of their various biological uses, including antibiotic and so on. beta-Lactams were synthesized from benzylidene-inden derivatives and acetoxyacetyl chloride. The inhibitory effect of these compounds was examined for human carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I, and II) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The results reveal that beta-lactams are inhibitors of hCA I, II and AChE. The Ki values of beta-lactams (2a-k) were 0.44-6.29 nM against hCA I, 0.93-8.34 nM against hCA II, and 0.25-1.13 nM against AChE. Our findings indicate that beta-lactams (2a-k) inhibit both carbonic anhydrases (CA) isoenzymes and AChE at low nanomolar concentrations., Sakarya University [BAPK-2012-02-04-031], We gratefully acknowledge the partial financial support for this research project from Sakarya University BAPK-2012-02-04-031.

WOS: 000207895000006, PubMed ID: 19413547, Objective: Gingival recession is a common manifestation of periodontal disease, but is also associated with several risk factors. In this study, we investigated prevalence of gingival recession and assessed various risk indicators in a university dental hospital in Turkey. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 831 persons (537 females, 294 males). Gingival recession, dental plaque, calculus, tobacco consumption, toothbrushing frequency, traumatic toothbrushing and high frenum were assessed. Gingival recession scored as present whenever the free gingival margin was apical to the cemento-enamel junction and root surface was exposed. Results: Overall, the prevalence of gingival recession was 78.2%. The gingival recession for buccal surfaces measured approximately between 1 and 2 mm was 17.4%. The number of gingival recession site of male subjects was significantly higher than that of the female ones (P < 0.05). The dental calculus and plaque levels of mandibular teeth were significantly higher than those of the maxillary teeth (P < 0.05). The multiple regression analyses showed that age, smoking duration, traumatic toothbrushing and high frenum are significant contributors to gingival recession. Conclusions: Periodontal condition is very high in this population. High level of gingival recession in this population is significantly associated with a high level of dental plaque and calculus, male gender, smoking duration, toothbrushing frequency, traumatic toothbrushing and high frenum.

Pseudoaneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas of renal arteries are rare clinical lesions. Invasive renal procedures may lead to pseudoaneurysm or arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). We report two pseudoaneurysms and arteriovenous fistula cases that were treated by transcatheter embolization with metallic coils. The first case is left main renal artery pseudoaneurysm after nephrectomy in a patient with a solid renal tumor. The second case is right main renal artery AVF with giant pseudoaneurysm after both gunshot injury and nephrectomy. On the basis of color Doppler sonography and computed tomography (CT) findings, cases were diagnosed as pseudoaneurysm after nefrectomy. Contrast-enhanced CT scans showed a hyperdense area within the hematoma consistent with pseudoaneurysm. Endovascular treatment with coil embolization succeeds to total occlusion in renal artery pseudoaneurysm. Delayed hemorrhage related to postnephrectomy may be life-threatening conditions because of diagnostic difficulties. AVF and pseudoaneurysm can be treated safely and successfully by transcatheter arterial embolization. © 2007 Am Soc Emergency Radiol.