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INTRODUCTION: Injury is a common health problem globally. Explosions are one of the major causes of injuries. Explosions, about half of which are caused by Improvised Explosive Device (IED), impact on the lives of a considerable number of people. The objective of this study is to analyze individuals injured and survived in the Somalia Medina Hospital as a result of IED explosions between January 1-December 31, 2018. METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using a checklist of 907 patients identified and version 20 SPSS was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The majority of IED victims are between the ages of 21-50 (n = 600, 66.1%), followed by 199 (21.9%) individuals under the age of 20 and 108 (11.9%) over 50. 65.1% (n=590) of the injured are men and 34.9% (n=317) are women. The extremities (n = 580, 63.9%), abdomen (n = 235, 25.9%), head-neck (n = 85, 9.4%), and other body parts (n = 7, 0.8%) were injured by IED blasts. The procedures performed in the hospital were as follows: 520 (57.3 %) patients underwent surgical exploration and 387 (42.7 %) patients received debridement only. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study shows that most injured body part is extremities by IED explosions, and men are the most suffer from this condition. Studies should be done across the country to better understand the extent of the event.

Abstract Three probabilistic methodologies are developed for predicting the long-term creep rupture life of 9–12 wt%Cr ferritic-martensitic steels using their chemical and processing parameters. The framework developed in this research strives to simultaneously make efficient inference along with associated risk, i.e., the uncertainty of estimation. The study highlights the limitations of applying probabilistic machine learning to model creep life and provides suggestions as to how this might be alleviated to make an efficient and accurate model with the evaluation of epistemic uncertainty of each prediction. Based on extensive experimentation, Gaussian Process Regression yielded more accurate inference ( $$Pearson\;correlation\;coefficent> 0.95$$ P e a r s o n c o r r e l a t i o n c o e f f i c e n t > 0.95 for the holdout test set) in addition to meaningful uncertainty estimate (i.e., coverage ranges from 94 to 98% for the test set) as compared to quantile regression and natural gradient boosting algorithm. Furthermore, the possibility of an active learning framework to iteratively explore the material space intelligently was demonstrated by simulating the experimental data collection process. This framework can be subsequently deployed to improve model performance or to explore new alloy domains with minimal experimental effort.

Objective: Atherosclerosis, which starts from early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), is an important cause for increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate whether hypomagnesemia is a marker of increased atherogenic dyslipidemia in patients with CKD with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 0.05). Conclusion: In this study conducted in patients with CKD, there was no relationship between Mg levels and lipid parameters. There is a need for larger, more comprehensive, prospective studies on this issue.

Abstract The class of 9–12% Cr ferritic-martensitic alloys (FMA) and austenitic stainless steels have received considerable attention due to their numerous applications in high temperature power generation industries. To design high strength steels with prolonged service life requires a thorough understanding of the long-term properties, e.g., creep rupture strength, rupture life, etc., as a function of the chemical composition and processing parameters that govern the microstructural characteristics. In this article, the creep rupture strength of both 9–12% Cr FMA and austenitic stainless steel has been parameterized using curated experimental datasets with a gradient boosting machine. The trained model has been cross validated against unseen test data and achieved high predictive performance in terms of correlation coefficient ( $$R^{2} > 0.98 $$ R 2 > 0.98 for 9–12% Cr FMA and $$R^{2} > 0.95 $$ R 2 > 0.95 for austenitic stainless steel) thus bypassing the need for additional comprehensive tensile test campaigns or physical theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the feature importance has been computed using the Shapley value analysis to understand the complex interplay of different features.

INTRODUCTION[|]Spontaneous ascitic fluid infection (SAI) is one of the frequent and important complication of decompensated cirrhosis with high mortality. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a parameter that shows the activity, stimulation and production of platelets. Changes in MPV are important indicators of platelet production, and are also an indicator of the severity of many diseases, such as sepsis, thrombosis, or even respiratory distress syndrome. In our study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between spontaneous ascites infection and mean platelet volume. [¤]METHODS[|]98 cirrhosis patients (42 females, 56 males) with various etiologies were participated to the study. The patients were divided into two groups as SAI positive group including patients with ascitic culture positive and/or ascites polymorphonuclear leukocyte count (PMNL) >250 mm3 and SAI negative group including patients with no bacterial reproduction in their ascites fluid culture and ascites PMNL count 0.05). [¤]DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION[|]Mean platelet volume in patients with spontaneous ascites infection who have developed, decompensated cirrhosis significantly increases. It is possible to use this test which is cheap, non-invasive and fast in the early diagnosis and treatment to follow-up of spontaneous ascites infection.[¤]

Ranunculus (buttercup or mayflower) is an important plant species causing chemical irritation. It is one of the traditional treatment methods usually used for rheumatic disorders in Central Anatolia particularly in spring and summer months. Here we report three cases of burn injury that developed secondary to mayflower use. We are of the opinion that modern medical therapies should be preferred over herbal remedies since the benefits of the latter remains to be proved. [Med-Science 2016; 5(3.000): 838-44]

Atrial fibrillation is the most common rhythm disturbance in general population. We present a 19-year-old man who was admitted to emergency department with progressive weakness, intermittent nausea, vomiting, and palpitations for 1-2 hours. He stated that he had palpitations for the first time. His past history was notable for venlafaxine use for panic disorder. He was diagnosed with AF with rapid ventricular rate and admitted to coronary care unit. Medical cardioversion with amiodarone was attempted and normal sinus rhythm was restored. He had no additional problems during hospital stay and was discharged on anticoagulant therapy (warfarin sodium). Atrial fibrillation should be born in mind in cases presenting to emergency department with palpitations, chest pain, syncope, or weakness in order to provide early diagnosis and treatment for this important disorder causing many complications. [Med-Science 2016; 5(1.000): 275-9]

The Sultanate of Oman has a complex mosaic of livestock species and production systems, but the genetic diversity, demographic history or origins of these Omani animals has not been expensively studied. Goats might constitute one of the most abundant and important domestic livestock species since the Neolithic transition. Here, we examined the genetic diversity, origin, population structure and demographic history of Omani goats. Specifically, we analyzed a 525-bp fragment of the first hypervariable region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region from 69 Omani individuals and compared this fragment with 17 mtDNA sequences from Somalia and Yemen as well as 18 wild goat species and 1,198 previously published goat sequences from neighboring countries. The studied goat breeds show substantial diversity. The haplotype and nucleotide diversities of Omani goats were found equal to 0.983 ± 0.006 and 0.0284 ± 0.014, respectively. The phylogenetic analyses allowed us to classify Omani goats into three mtDNA haplogroups (A, B and G): haplogroup A was found to be predominant and widely distributed and accounted for 80% of all samples, and haplogroups B and G exhibited low frequencies. Phylogenetic comparisons with wild goats revealed that five of the native Omani goat populations originate from Capra aegagrus. Furthermore, most comparisons of pairwise population FST values within and between these five Omani goat breeds as well as between Omani goats and nine populations from nearby countries were not significant. These results suggest strong gene flow among goat populations caused by the extensive transport of goats and the frequent movements of human populations in ancient Arabia. The findings improve our understanding of the migration routes of modern goats from their region of domestication into southeastern Arabia and thereby shed light on human migratory and commercial networks during historical times.

Objectives: Self-assessment, as one type of alternative assessment, with the increased attention to learner-centered curricula, needs analysis, and learner autonomy has gained popularity in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of self-assessment on Javanroodian Foreign Language (Kordestan) Learners’ Oral Performance ability. Methods: The assessment program involved training, practice, videotaping, feedback, assessment and discussion. Twenty English as a foreign language students of foreign language institutes in Javanrood participated in the study. They were divided into experimental and control group, based on the results of English oral performance pre-tests. The research instrument consisted of a self- assessment checklist containing subcategories related to the organization of the presentation, content, linguistic factors (vocabulary use, grammatical rules and pronunciation) and interaction with the audience. It was developed as a result of interviewing participants and their teachers and then adapting results based on the results of reviewing available checklists in the literature. The data was collected by the experimental group members' self-assessments of their 6 oral performances and the teacher's assessment of their performances. Results: The obtained data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods.Results indicated that participating in self- assessment process had positive effect on learners' oral performance ability. Discussion: Results will have implications for policy makers, material designers and developers, teachers and learners. It will also open up the doors of introducing new trends in assessment to teachers and learners.

Aim: Obesity is a major health problem causing major illnesses and diseases. In this study, we aimed to differentiate type 2 diabetic normal, overweight and obese people to investigate the relationship of obesity with C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), an inflammatory identifier. Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 129 patients (64 female, 65 male) with type 2 diabetes mellitus between May 2010 and September 2010. Study consisted of three groups, classified according to body mass; 16 normal weight, 55 overweight and 58 obese patient. Hs-CRP levels were measured by immunoassay chemiluminescence. All data were statistically analyzed. Results: A significant difference in hs-CRP levels was determined between the groups (p

Objectives: In this study, assessed the reliability, validity, and predictive power of a new version of the Reasons for Living Inventory for Adolescents among Iranian Adolescents in the city of Kermanshah. Methods: To examine this study A group of 400(189 males and 211 females) adolescent in high schools of Kermanshah and adolescents that attempt to suicide and cared in Emam Khomeini hospital selected to complete, the RFL–A, Beck Suicide Scale Ideation, Beck Hopelessness Scale and Oxford Happens Inventory (OHI). Additional information about the sample group including diagnosis and suicide status was obtained from their educational and medical records and documents. Results: It was determined that the RFL–A is a valid and reliable measure of adolescent suicide risk potential. Additionally, the RFL–A possesses better predictive power than the Beck Hopelessness Scale. Discussion: The results showed the clinical and research utility of the RFL–A Specially in the work with suicide is included along with suggestions for future research. In addition, we could use this scale for diagnosis, appraisal, therapy and rehabilitation of people who attempt to suicide.

To examine the media response to severe acute respiratory syndrome, we reviewed New Zealand’s major newspaper (261 articles for 3 months). While important accurate health messages were frequently included, some were missed (e.g., handwashing in only 2% of articles). No incorrect information was identified, and health spokespersons were accurately reported.