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The present work was conducted with an aim to analyze various sexual behavior attributes for Cholistani service bulls (n = 10) being reared for AI at Semen Production Unit, Karaniwala, Bahawalpur, Pakistan and their relationship with serum testosterone levels.Bulls were divided into two equal groups (n=5 per group) viz. young(2-3 years of age) and adult (4-8 years of age).The exposure tests for assessment of sexual behavior and scoring were performed during semen collection. A total of 40 blood samples, (04 samples per animal;were 20 samples per group)were aseptically collected and used for assessment of serum testosterone concentration through automated immunoanalyser.Amongst the studied behavioral attributes,‘reaction during approach’, ‘sexual interest’ and ‘ejaculate response’ were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in adults as compared to their young counterparts.Adults had a significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher testosterone concentration (6.59 ± 0.3ng/mL) as compared to their youngcounterparts (5.34 ± 0.3ng/mL).A positive correlation between serum testosterone concentration and sexual behavior score was noticed both for young and adult bulls, though statistically non-significant (P ≥ 0.05). It is concluded thatthere is a significant difference in sexual behavior attributes and serum testosterone levels of young and adult Cholistani service bulls. This is a first attempt to analyze sexual behavioral attributes of young and adult Cholistani breeding bulls. A time-lined study need to be devised for this breed in future in order to ascertain age of puberty and allied endocrine patterns.

Serum lipid profile, hormones and liver enzymes were studied to determine the health status in moulted layers supplemented with protein, probiotics and symbiotics. Four equal groups (n = 50 each) as control (CONT; CP16% diet), high protein (HP; CP18% diet), symbiotic (SYM; CP16% diet, symbiotic @ 85 mg/L orally) and probiotic (PRO; CP16% diet, probiotic @ 85 mg/L orally) were studied. Fifteen birds were slaughtered at 5%, peak and end of post-moult production periods from each group to collect blood. A two-factorial completely randomized design along with the DMR test was applied. The serum was analysed to determine various parameters by commercially available kits. The LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C; mg/dL) and cortisol (µg/dL) concentration in HP, SYM and PRO and thyroxin (T4; µg/dL) in PRO and SYM were significantly reduced as compared to CONT. Triiodothyronine (T3; ng/mL) concentration in HP, SYM, PRO; HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C; mg/dL) in HP and AST (U/L) concentration in PRO were significantly increased (P ≤ .05) as compared to CONT. The decrease (P ≤ .01) in LDL-C and cortisol levels and increase in HDL-C level indicate the reducing effect of these supplementations on stress, whereas an increase in T3 in supplemented birds (HP and PRO) signifies its metabolic boosting impact in post-moult laying hens.

Background/aim: To assess the therapeutic effects of naloxone and yohimbine on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a rabbit model in terms of body weight and endocrinological parameters (luteinizing hormone, insulin, and estradiol). Materials and methods: A total of 50 adult, reproductively mature female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were divided into five groups (n = 10/group). In the control group PCOS was not induced (negative control group), whereas in the remaining four groups (n = 40) PCOS was induced with a single i.m. injection of testosterone daily and were designated as follows: positive control, naloxone-treated (NalT), yohimbine-treated (YohT), and naloxone+yohimbine-treated (NalYT) groups. Results: A steadily ascending trend was noted in all of the studied parameters in the PCOS-induced group as compared to the negative control group. All the parameters showed a descending trend in the NalT group as compared to the positive control. Regarding the YohT and NalYT groups, all parameters showed a descending trend as compared to the positive control group except for estradiol. Conclusion: Naloxone therapy either alone or combined with yohimbine improves a wide range of the clinical manifestations of PCOS. Furthermore, we suggest this therapy as an alternative to the conventional therapy with insulin-lowering agents in vogue.

This reported study is of Pakistan's indigenous Cholistani cattle breed, a native of the Cholistan desert where it has been reported as having high production potential for nomadic herders. The aim of the present study was to assess haematochemical profile of adult Cholistani service bulls (n = 16), being reared at the Semen Production Unit Karaniwala, Bahawalpur, Cholistan desert, Pakistan, during various seasons as an indicator of their health status. Keeping in view the prevailing climatic conditions of the study area, four seasons of three months duration each were defined as (i) cool dry winter (November, December, January) (ii) temperate spring (February, March, April) (iii) hot dry summer (May, June, July) and (iv) hot humid summer (August, September, October). Blood specimens were collected fortnightly during the study period for haematochemical analyses (automated). The present study revealed that Cholistani service bulls have a tendency to maintain most of their haematochemical parameter...

The present study was conducted with the objective of evaluating Cholistani service bulls on the basis of their postthaw sperm parameters and fertilizing potential through artificial insemination under the prevailing local climate. Semen from each experimental bull (n = 6) was collected at weekly intervals over a 12-month period, frozen, thawed, and evaluated for postthaw sperm parameters. Fertility rate of postthaw samples was determined by inseminating 1200 Cholistani cows in 2 trials: Trial 1 had 600 cows with 100 inseminations per bull to assess the effect of individual bulls and Trial 2 had 600 inseminations with 150 insemination doses frozen per season to assess effect of seasons. The results revealed a significant effect (P < 0.05) of bulls and seasons on all the postthaw semen parameters studied. The overall fertility rate recorded in the present study was 69.7% (837/1200), being 68.5% (411/600) and 71.0% (426/600) in the first and second trials, respectively. The highest fertility rate of 75.3% (113/600) was noticed in the hot dry summer and the lowest of 67.3% (101/600) in the hot wet summer (67.3%). However, differences in fertility rate within bulls and within seasons were statistically nonsignificant (P > 0.05).