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Objective: Melatonin has a protective role in adults with cardiovascular disease, but the effects of melatonin in children with cardiac dysfunction are not well understood. This study was designed to explore the variations in melatonin, myeloperoxidase, and caspase‐3 levels in children suffering from heart failure. Methods: Seventy‐two pediatric patients with heart failure and twelve healthy children were enrolled in this study. A modified Ross scoring system was used to evaluate clinical cardiac function. Patients with a score of >2 points were included in the study and were divided into three groups according to severity of heart failure: mild (score: 3–6), moderate (score: 7–9), and severe (score: 10–12). Echocardiographic parameters, laboratory data, and serum levels of melatonin, myeloperoxidase, and caspase‐3 were measured and analyzed in all patients. Results: Compared with patients with mild and moderate heart failure, patients in the severe heart failure group had significantly decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (p 2 pontos foram incluídas no estudo e foram divididos em três grupos de acordo com a gravidade da insuficiência cardíaca: leve (escore: 3‐6), moderada (escore: 7‐9) e grave (escore: 10‐12). Os parâmetros ecocardiográficos, dados laboratoriais e níveis séricos de melatonina, mieloperoxidase e caspase 3 foram medidos e analisados em todos os pacientes. Resultados: Em comparação com os pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca de gravidade leve e moderada, os pacientes no grupo de insuficiência cardíaca grave apresentaram redução significativa da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (p

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-26T19:21:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-03-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-31T13:04:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0001-37652015000100183.pdf: 841248 bytes, checksum: 5c9bd55e6d1101c0044c5e1ab5a476fa (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Nesse estudo, nós avaliamos o efeito da nicotina sobre a oxidação da LDL pelo sistema MPO/H2O2/Cl- e o efeito do HOCl sobre a LDL e alguns de seus componentes, tais como metil linoleato, vitamina E e o aminoácido triptofano. Nicotina, em concentração micromolar, amplia a oxidação do triptofano, livre em solução ou presente na LDL. A nicotina promove a diminuição da formação de dienos conjugados e consumo de oxigênio no sistema metil linoleato/HOCl, e houve evidência que sugere aumento na formação de clorohidrinas. O aumento da oxidação da vitamina E pelo HOCl também foi observada na presença de nicotina. Esses dados mostram que a interação da nicotina e HOCl pode promover alterações bioquímicas significativas na partícula de LDL e alguns de seus componentes envolvidos na patogênese de doenças cardiovasculares e de outras doenças. In this study, the effect of nicotine on the LDL oxidation by the MPO/H2O2/Cl- system and the effect of HOCl on LDL and some of its components, such as methyl linoleate, vitamin E and the amino acid tryptophan were explored. Nicotine, in micromolar concentrations, enhanced the tryptophan oxidation, either present in LDL or free, in solution. Nicotine also decreased the formation of conjugated dienes and oxygen consumption in a methyl linoleate / HOCl system, and there was evidence to suggest an increase in chlorohydrin formation. Acceleration of the vitamin E oxidation by HOCl was also observed in the presence of nicotine. These data show that the interaction of nicotine and HOCl can promote significant biochemical modifications in LDL particle and some of its components involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and other diseases. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química Departamento de Bioquímica e Tecnologia Química Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara UNICENTRO Departamento de Farmácia Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química Departamento de Bioquímica e Tecnologia Química Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara FAPESP: 1999/10229-6

RESUMO: Apreseotamos o caso clínico de um doente de 68 anos de idade, com glomerulonefrite rapidamente progressiva e hemorragia pulmonar, presença de anticorpos anti-citoplasma dos neutrófilos (padrão perinuclear com especificidade anti-mieloperoxidase), e anticorpos anti-cardiolipina. A histologia renal confirmou o diagnóstico de poliarterite microscópica. A propósito deste caso, são feitas algumas considerações sobre a utilidade dos auto-anticorpos no diagnóstico das diferentes formas de vasculite. ABSRTRACT: We present the case report of a 68 year old man with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage, with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic auto-antibodies, perinuclear pattern with myeloperoxidase specifity, and anti-cardiolipin antibodies. Renal histology supported the diagnosis of microscopic polyarteritis. In reference to this case, some considerations regarding the usefullness of autoantibodies in different forms of vasculitis are made. Palavras-chave: Autoanticorpos, Antoantigénios, Endotélio Vascular, Mieloperoxidase, Neutrófilos, Serina proteinase, Vasculites, Key-Words: Autoantibodies, Autoantiges, Endothelium, vascular, Myelope-roxidase, Neutrophils, Serine proteinase, Vasculitis

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T18:59:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:07:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T14:17:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000267750700012.pdf: 583804 bytes, checksum: 754ff9c143ebaed31b1af1cda70d163e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T14:17:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000267750700012.pdf: 583804 bytes, checksum: 754ff9c143ebaed31b1af1cda70d163e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radical species have been implicated in initiating or accompanying many diseases in living organisms; there is thus, a continual need for antioxidants molecules to inactivate ROS/free radicals. Many studies of plants crude extracts have demonstrated free-radical scavenging and antioxidant action. Salacia species have long been used, in several countries, as traditional medicines against certain diseases and for their anti-inflammatory properties. In this Study, Salacia campestris Walp (Hippocrateaceae) root bark ethanol extract (ScEtOH) was assessed for its ability to scavenge free radicals and reactive oxygen species; the results were expressed as percentage inhibition of the active species. ScEtOH was efficient against studied species: DPPH radical (obtained inhibition = 30%), ABTS(center dot+) (IC(50) = 1.8 +/- 0.8 mu g/mL), HOCI (IC(50) = 1.7 +/- 0.1 mu g/mL), O2(center dot-) (obtained inhibition = 32%), and NO(center dot) (obtained inhibition = 18%). Peroxidase activity inhibition was evaluated through the guaiacol oxidation reaction catalyzed by hemin, HRP and. myeloperoxidase (MPO); data showed that ScEtOH at 10 mu g/mL led to 54 and 51% of inhibition, respectively, for the hemin and HRP systems. In the MPO system, ScEtOH promoted a 50% inhibition at 8.9 mu g/mL, whereas quercetin, a powerful MPO inhibitor, inhibited this system at 1.35 mu g/mL. Parana State Univ Ponta Grossa, Univ Lab Clin Anal, Toxicol & Clin Anal Dept, Maringa, Parana, Brazil MidWest Parana State Univ, Dept Pharm, Maringa, Parana, Brazil UNESP, Dept Bioquim & Tecnol Quim, Inst Quim, BR-4800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil UNESP, Clin Anal Dept, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, BR-4800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil UNESP, Dept Organ Chem, Inst Chem, BR-4800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil UNESP, Dept Bioquim & Tecnol Quim, Inst Quim, BR-4800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil UNESP, Clin Anal Dept, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, BR-4800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil UNESP, Dept Organ Chem, Inst Chem, BR-4800900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:22:30Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:28:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-34250335024.pdf: 143784 bytes, checksum: 110944d77675926718477c89f9df7de8 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:22:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-06-19 Nicotine, an oxidizing agent, is certainly one of the most widely used alkaloids in the world. It is, together with its main metabolite, cotinine, responsible for tobacco-dependence. The use of tobacco is closely associated with lung disease, morphological leukocyte modification and generation of oxidant species. The aim of this study was to look for a possible relationship between cotinine, oxidant species generation and oxidative processes. After studying the action of cotinine in some chemical oxidation models and on the enzymatic kinetics of peroxidases (myeloperoxidase and horseradish peroxidase), we concluded that cotinine does not act directly upon H 2O 2, HOCl, taurine chloramines, horseradish peroxidase or myeloperoxidase. UNESP - Sao Paulo State University Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry Department Chemistry Institute, Araraquara-SP UNESP - Sao Paulo State University Clinical Analysis Department School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara-SP UNESP - Sao Paulo State University Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry Department Chemistry Institute, Araraquara-SP UNESP - Sao Paulo State University Clinical Analysis Department School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara-SP

OBJETIVOS: os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a celularidade e os mediadores inflamatórios no lavado nasal (LN) e a extensão de comprometimento da mucosa dos seios paranasais, em atópicos assintomáticos para sinusite. MÉTODOS: foram estudados 48 atópicos com rinite alérgica (RA), 33/48 com asma; 13 crianças não atópicas constituíram o grupo controle. Foram excluídos os casos com sinusite aguda, crônica ou recorrente. A extensão de lesão da mucosa paranasal, avaliada por tomografia computadorizada (TC) coronal dos seios da face (SF), foi graduada por escore padronizado (0-30). Escore maior ou igual a 12 indicava comprometimento extenso da mucosa dos SF. O LN foi obtido para quantificar a celularidade total e diferencial. Uma alíquota do sobrenadante foi usada para dosagem de mediadores inflamatórios: Interleucina-8 (IL-8), Mieloperoxidase (MPO), Proteína catiônica eosinofílica (ECP). A albumina foi usada como marcador de permeabilidade vascular. Estas determinações foram realizadas em amostras do fluido nasal (FN) de todos os atópicos e em 6/13 dos casos-controle. Foram realizados nos 3 grupos hemograma e espirometria. RESULTADOS: o comprometimento da mucosa paranasal foi extenso em 7/33 (21%) dos asmáticos (Grupo I), 2/15 (13%) dos pacientes com RA (Grupo II). No grupo controle (Grupo III) o maior escore de TC foi 7. A contagem total de células e de eosinófilos/ml e a concentração de albumina do FN foram maiores entre asmáticos com escore de TC acima de 12. O nível de IL-8, o número de neutrófilos e de células epiteliais/ml no FN foram semelhantes nos 3 grupos. Os atópicos (n=48) apresentaram uma correlação positiva entre escore de TC, eosinofilia periférica, número de eosinófilos/ml e concentração de ECP no FN. Houve uma associação entre o número de neutrófilos e concentrações de IL-8 e MPO e entre IL-8 e eosinófilos. CONCLUSÕES: em asmáticos assintomáticos para sinusite, o comprometimento extenso da mucosa paranasal está associado à eosinofilia periférica e do lavado nasal e à ativação celular. A infiltração e a ativação de neutrófilos não estavam relacionadas com a maior extensão de lesão da mucosa paranasal. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to evaluate inflammatory cells, the profile of inflammatory mediators in nasal lavage (NL), and the involvement of the paranasal mucosa in atopic infants with no symptoms of sinusitis. METHODS: 48 atopic patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and 33/48 patients with asthma were studied; the control group consisted of 13 nonatopic children. Those individuals with acute, chronic or recurrent sinusitis were excluded. The involvement of the paranasal mucosa was assessed by coronal computed tomography (CT) and graded by a standard protocol (0-30). A CT score greater than or equal to 12 indicated extensive involvement. Nasal lavage was used to quantify total and differential nasal cell counts. An aliquot of the supernatant was used for determining inflammatory mediators: interleukin-8 (IL-8), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). Albumin was used as a marker for increased vascular permeability. These measurements were performed on all of the atopic patients and in 6/13 patients in the control group. The three groups were submitted to spirometry and complete blood cell count. RESULTS: Extensive involvement of the paranasal mucosa was observed in 7/33 (21%) of asthmatic patients (Group I) and 2/15 (13%) of those with allergic rhinitis (Group II). The highest CT score in the control group (Group III) was 7. Total cell and eosinophil count/ml and albumin concentration in nasal fluid were higher in asthmatic patients whose CT score was greater than 12. Interleukin-8 concentration, number of neutrophils and epithelial cells/ml in nasal fluid were similar in the three groups. A positive correlation between CT score, peripheral blood eosinophilia, number of eosinophils/ml and eosinophil cationic protein concentration was found in the nasal fluid of atopic children (n=48). There was an association between number of neutrophils and titers of interleukin-8 and myeloperoxidase, and between interleukin-8 and eosinophil count. CONCLUSIONS: In asthmatic patients with no symptoms of sinusitis, the extensive involvement of the paranasal mucosa is associated with blood and nasal lavage eosinophilia and cellular activation. Neutrophil infiltration and activation were not related to increased involvement of the paranasal mucosa.

Sucralfate enemas present good results in the treatment of colitis, however the mechanism of action of the drug is not yet fully clarified. Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of sucralfate enemas in diversion colitis model. Method: Thirty-six Wistar rats underwent intestinal bypass by end colostomy in the descending colon and distal mucous fistula. The animals were divided into 3 experimental groups according to the daily dose of enemas received containing 0.9% SF, sucralfate enemas or sucralfate enemas 1 g/kg/day or 2 g/kg/day. Each group was divided into two subgroups according to euthanasia to be performed 2–4 weeks after derivation. The tissue grade of inflammation was assessed histologically, and neutrophil infiltration by the tissue expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) identified by immunohistochemistry and quantified by computerized morphometry. Oxidative stress was measured by tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). To compare the results the Student's t test variance was used, and also the variance by ANOVA test, establishing a level of significance of 5% (p