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Aim This study was undertaken to discover the socioeconomic impact of breast cancer on young women in Ghana. Methods A qualitative exploratory and descriptive design was used to recruit 12 young women from the University of Ghana hospital, 37 Military hospital and Ridge hospital. Individual interviews were conducted face to face and data transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis. Results Three themes emerged: perceptions and beliefs; economic concerns; and secrecy. Participants perceived that breast cancer was a test of faith, a spiritual disease that is contagious and disgraceful. Mostly, participants stopped work to cater for themselves, and as a result, they encountered financial challenges. Their challenges were compounded with conscious efforts to keep diagnosis secret to avoid being stigmatized. Conclusion Young women living with breast cancer need support physically, economically and socially from healthcare providers, their families and the society at large.

Background Young women diagnosed with breast cancer face challenges that interfere with their entire life with psychological and physical effects. Method We employed a qualitative exploratory descriptive design, and recruited twelve participants through purposive and snowball sampling methods to conduct 12 face to face individual interviews. A reputable review board in Ghana; Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, gave ethical clearance for data collection. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic content analysis. Results Three themes emerged from the data; physical effects of breast cancer, effects of treatment on body image, and emotional effects of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. The negative effects of treatment incapacitated most of the women and limited their activities of daily living. Some experienced severe bodily weakness and stayed indoors for days. Most participants felt they looked unattractive because they have had a mastectomy done, and used pieces of rags and handkerchiefs as breast prostheses. Those who had hair loss through chemotherapy used different kinds of wigs to cover their baldness. Almost all the participants cried, felt depressed, and became emotionally unstable when they were told their diagnosis. Some denied their diagnoses and displaced their anger on healthcare personnel. A few of them felt they had brought disgrace to their families because breast cancer is perceived, a disgraceful disease. Conclusion Young women diagnosed with breast cancer require psychological interventions and physical support from healthcare personnel and their families.

Background COVID-19 has impacted negatively on people physically, psychologically, spiritually, and socioeconomically worldwide. Nurses’ ability to prepare towards case management is imperative because the potential of one coming across the virus at the hospital is inevitable. This study intended to explore and describe nurses’ perspectives on preparation towards fighting COVID 19 in Ghana. Methods: A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was adopted. Nine major health facilities designated for COVID-19 treatment centres in four regions in Ghana were involved in the study. A semi structured interview guide was used to interview twenty-nine nurses via telephone based on data saturation. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Ghana. Result: data yielded two major themes and four subthemes. The two main themes were 1. Health facilities’ preparation of nurses towards COVID-19, with its subthemes; targeted training, and selection of experienced staff. 2. Nurses’ individual preparedness towards COVID-19 with the subthemes; information sourcing and sharing. Nurses in Ghana prepared for combating COVID-19 by going through training on infection prevention and control, and case management using demonstrations and simulations. Experienced nurses in Ghana volunteered to be at the frontline managing cases. Continuous updates on the virus and its management through information tracking sharing played a key role. Conclusion: Nurses in Ghana need to have more specialty training targeted at diseases of public health importance. Key words: Nurse; preparedness; covid-19.

Aim: This study sought to identify ways of coping with breast cancer diagnosis and its treatment challenges among young Ghanaian women living in the Accra metropolis. Methodology: The study used an exploratory descriptive qualitative approach to recruit twelve participants aged 28–45 years through purposive and snowball sampling methods from three hospitals in the Accra metropolis. Participants were interviewed using a face to face approach and interviews were audio recorded with participants’ permission. Verbatim transcription was done and data were analyzed using content analysis procedures. Findings: Participants believed God is the ultimate healer. They prayed and read the Bible. Some believed God could replace their breasts, they voided sinful acts and used religious artefacts such as the Rosary, special oil prepared by pastors, pictures of pastors. They obtained physical and emotional support from their families, partners and significant others. They compared themselves with others who had worse health challenges such as those with end-stage breast cancers who were on admission and those who have died. Participants also listened to music, read storybooks, took a walk in flower gardens to cope with breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Conclusions: Young women living with breast cancer rely more on God and support from their families, friends and the church in coping with their condition. These young women need to be attended to by multidisciplinary healthcare team the clinical psychologist and a spiritual leader to enable meet their physical, psychosocial and spiritual needs. Keywords: Breast cancer, Coping, Ghana, Spirituality, Social support, Young women