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OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of water fluoridation on the prevalence and severity of dental caries and fluorosis in individuals aged 17-20 years exposed to fluoride toothpaste. METHODS The study population consisted of 660 students from public schools, residents of areas supplied with fluoridated water (exposed group) or not (not exposed group). Students from both groups had access to fluoride toothpaste throughout life. A questionnaire about socioeconomic demographic aspects, conditions related to access and exposure to fluoridated water, and habits related to oral health was applied. Dental caries was measured by the DMFT index and dental fluorosis by the TF index. The chi-square test, t test, and subsequently logistic regression were applied for data analysis. RESULTS Caries experience (DMFT≠0) was significantly higher in students from areas not exposed to fluoridated water, after adjustments to clinical conditions, demographic socioeconomic profile, and hygiene habits. The DMFT mean (±SD) was significantly higher in students from areas not exposed to fluoridated water than exposed (3.83 [±3.28] and 2.48 [±2.71] respectively). The prevalence of very mild/mild and moderate fluorosis was 41.1% and 21% for students either exposed to fluoridated water or not, respectively. CONCLUSION Exposure to fluoridated water was associated with a lower prevalence and severity of tooth decay, in spite of the use of fluoridated toothpaste. The prevalence of dental fluorosis at all levels was higher in fluoridated areas, however, in both groups, there were few cases with esthetic implications.

BACKGROUND Hypomineralised second primary molar (HSPM) is a developmental enamel defect associated with dental caries. AIM To evaluate the impact of HSPM on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschoolers through hierarchical analysis. DESIGN This population-based cross-sectional study assessed 834 5-year-old preschoolers, in Teresina, Piaui, Brazil, using sociodemographic questionnaires and Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Dental examination was performed by two calibrated examiners (κ ≥ 0.80) for the diagnosis of HSPM (EAPD), dental caries (dmft and pufa indices), and malocclusion (Foster and Hamilton criteria). Analysis of the determinants of OHRQoL was stratified at three levels (P

To determine the prevalence of probable sleep bruxism (SB) in preschoolers and associated factors. A cross-sectional, population-based study was carried out with 862 dyads of parents/preschoolers aged 5 from Teresina, Brazil. Data collection was performed through a questionnaire answered by parents/guardians about socioeconomic, demographic, and health condition data. Each child was examined for diagnosis of probable SB based on the presence of dental wear associated or not with the report of teeth grinding by parents/guardians. The analysis of independent variables was stratified into four levels of determinants: demographic characteristics of the child (distal), characteristics of the family, environmental factors (intermediate), and health conditions (proximal). Descriptive analysis and bivariate and multivariate Poisson’s regression were performed using a hierarchical approach (p < 0.05). The prevalence of probable SB was 36%. In the final adjusted multivariate hierarchical model, a preschooler who was the only child (PR = 1.25; 95%CI = 1.02–1.51), with breathing problems (PR = 1.43; 95%CI = 1.19–1.73), and having parents/guardians with possible sleep bruxism (PR = 1.65; 95%CI = 1.32–2.07) had a higher prevalence of probable SB. The prevalence of probable SB in preschoolers was high and associated with the condition of being an only child, the presence of breathing problems, and having parents/guardians with possible sleep bruxism.

OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional observational study determined the prevalence and factors associated with molar-incisive hypomineralization (MIH) in quilombola children and adolescents in north-eastern Brazil. METHODS The sample consisted of 251 children and adolescents (8 to 14 years old) living in the rural quilombola community Lagoas in Sao Raimundo Nonato, Piaui (census population). Sociodemographic and health-related data were collected from pre-, peri- and post-natal health records and a clinical examination for MIH diagnosis was performed by four previously trained and calibrated examiners. Descriptive data analysis and Poisson regression were performed. The magnitude of the association was determined by adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS The prevalence of MIH was 46.6%. The presence of MIH was associated with gestational diabetes (PR = 2.49, 95% CI 2.08-2.99; p

Background: The ideal root canal filling for endodontic treatment of primary teeth with necrotic pulp must have antimicrobial activity, not cause tooth discoloration or interfere with the eruption of permanent successor teeth. This study aimed to evaluate physiochemical properties of a novel paste (CZ Paste) for endodontic treatment of primary teeth with necrotic pulp and compare its antimicrobial activity to Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Zinc oxide (CTZ) and Zinc Oxide eugenol (ZOE) pastes. Methods: CZ, CTZ and ZOE pastes were homogenized with eugenol at the time of testing. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) tests were performed. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using agar diffusion test (ADT), direct contact test (DCT) and bactericidal effect assessment against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results: FTIR showed that CZ paste has a similar profile to chloramphenicol spectrum and in DSC thermograms it demonstrated a slight change in endothermic transition temperature. In the ADT, CTZ paste and CZ paste presented similar inhibition zone diameters and were higher than ZOE paste (P Key words: Primary tooth, Pulpectomy, Root canal filling materials, Antibiotic paste, Bacteria.

Objective: Use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images to evaluate the dentin thickness of the pulp chamber floor in primary molars . Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted with CBCT images of teeth of children. Primary molars with preserved pulp chamber floor were included. The dentin thickness of the pulp chamber floor in the primary molars was measured linearly in CBCT cross-sections. Data were descriptively analyzed and the Mann-Whitney test was applied (p

Introduction Sugar ingestion is the most important isolated factor related to dental caries. Contact with sugary foods at an early age may represent a risk to the oral health of preschool children. Objective To evaluate the timing of the introduction of sugar in the diet of preschoolers and its association with early childhood caries. Material and method Cross-sectional population-based study with 888 five-year-old preschoolers from public and private schools. Parents answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data, eating habits and oral health. The variables timing of sugar introduction (>1 year and ≤1 year) and dental caries experience were dichotomized and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression (p0.05). The interruption of exclusive breastfeeding and low family income increased the prevalence of preschoolers having early contact with sugar by 32% and 23%, respectively (p 1 ano e ≤1 ano) e experiência de cárie dentária foram dicotomizadas e os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e regressão de Poisson (p 0,05). A interrupção do aleitamento materno exclusivo e a baixa renda familiar aumentaram a prevalência de pré-escolares com contato precoce com açúcar em 32% e 23%, respectivamente (p

Resumo Dentes com defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte (DDE) apresentam porosidades e/ou irregularidades que os tornam suscetíveis a acúmulo de biofilme e predisposição à cárie e doenças periodontais. O objetivo deste artigo é determinar a prevalência de DDE e fatores associados em crianças e adolescentes residentes em comunidade quilombola. A população foi censitária e composta por indivíduos na faixa etária de 3 a 14 anos. Os responsáveis responderam a questionário contendo dados socioeconômicos demográficos e histórico de agravos durante a gravidez e infância. Foi aplicado o Índice DDE modificado. Foram realizadas análise descritiva e regressão de Poisson com variância robusta (p

Background Hypomineralized second primary molar (HSPM) is a developmental enamel defect that represents a caries-risk factor. There are few studies about HSPM epidemiology in representative populations. Aim To determine the prevalence and factors associated with HSPM in pre-schoolers. Design This is a cross-sectional population-based study of 5-year-old pre-schoolers from Teresina, Brazil. The sample was randomly selected and stratified by geographic region of the city, type of school (public and private), and sex of the pre-schoolers (n = 811). Sociodemographic status and pre-, peri-, and post-natal conditions were collected by structured questionnaires. Two calibrated examiners diagnosed HSPM using the criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry for molar-incisor hypomineralization. Severity, colour, location, and extent of lesions were also evaluated. Descriptive analysis of the data and a Poisson regression analysis were performed (P Results The prevalence of HSPM was 14.9. Demarcated opacities (75.6%) and white/cream colour were the most prevalent (71.4%). Pre-term pre-schoolers had 66% (PR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.07-2.58), and those who reported asthma in the first year of life had 69% (PR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.01-2.85) higher prevalence of HSPM. Conclusions Pre-term birth and reported asthma in the first year of life were associated with HSPM. The prevalence of HSPM in pre-schoolers aged 5 years old in Teresina was high.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o impacto da cárie dentária na qualidade de vida de pré-escolares. A população foi constituída por pré-escolares com idade de 5 anos, matriculados em instituições públicas e privadas de Teresina, PI, Brasil. Instrumento de qualidade de vida validado para população brasileira (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory - PedsQL™) foi aplicado para as crianças e responsáveis, além de questionário socioeconômico-demográfico para os responsáveis. No exame dentário o índice ceod foi utilizado para avaliar a experiência de cárie. Das 566 crianças examinadas, 50,2% apresentaram experiência de cárie. Foi observada associação entre experiência de cárie e pior qualidade de vida no domínio de saúde bucal na percepção das crianças (RR= 0,981; IC95% = 0,97-0,99) e dos pais (RR= 0,955; IC95% = 0,94-0,97). De acordo com a percepção das crianças, cárie em dentes posteriores foi associada a pior qualidade de vida no domínio capacidade física (RR= 0,985; IC95% = 0,97-0,99). Concluiu-se que experiência de cárie impactou negativamente na QVRSB (qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal) no domínio saúde bucal da criança de acordo com a percepção das crianças e dos pais. Cárie localizada em molares impactou negativamente na QVRSB no domínio capacidade física segundo a percepção das crianças.

To assess the impact of outpatient dental treatment on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children and their families.This prospective observational study was conducted with children with untreated dental caries, recruited from a public university/the pediatric dentistry clinic of a public university in the northeastern Brazil. Sociodemographic data were collected, a clinical examination was carried out before and after dental treatment, and the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) questionnaire was applied to those responsible for the children, before and after dental treatment. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were used, and the Wilcoxon and Student's t tests were applied (p 0.05).The study included 64 children, of both sexes, aged between 3 and 5 years old. The majority had a dmft index higher than or equal to 6 (60.9%), with a mean value of 7.11 (± 4.11). Sociodemographic conditions such as sex, age, and socioeconomic status had no impact on their OHRQoL (p 0.05). The mean total ECOHIS questionnaire scores and those of its domains decreased after completion of the treatments (p 0.05), except for scores in the self-image and distress domains of the parents (p 0.05). This study reinforces the relevance of adopting oral health policies aimed at the prevention and treatment of ECC.Outpatient dental treatment had a positive impact on the OHRQoL of children and their families.The possibility of evaluating the services provided by the pediatric dentistry clinic.

This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence and severity of dental caries and fluorosis in children and adolescents using fluoridated toothpaste, from areas with and without fluoridated water. Parents of 5-year-old children and 12-year-old adolescents from neighbourhoods that are supplied with and without fluoridated water answered questionnaires for determining socio-economic and demographic characteristics and habits related to oral health. The individuals were examined, and dental caries and fluorosis were measured by dmft/DMFT and TF indexes, respectively. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed (p < 0.05). Of 692 participants, 47.7% were 5-year-olds and 52.3% were 12-year-olds. The mean dmft/DMFT in the 5-year-olds/ 12-year-olds from Exposed and Not Exposed fluoridated water groups was 1.53 (± 2.47) and 3.54 (± 4.10) / 1.53 (± 1.81) and 3.54 (± 3.82), respectively. Children (OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.71-4.75) and adolescents (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.24-3.05), who did not consume fluoridated water, had greater caries experience. Among adolescents, there was an association between fluoridated water and the prevalence of very mild/mild fluorosis (OR = 5.45, 95% CI: 3.23-9.19) and moderate fluorosis (OR = 11.11, 95% CI = 4.43-27.87). Children and adolescents, who consumed fluoridated water, presented lower prevalence and severity of dental caries compared to those who used only fluoridated toothpaste as the source of fluoride. There is an association between water fluoridation and very mild/mild and moderate fluorosis in adolescents. Resumo Este estudo transversal avaliou a prevalência e severidade de cárie dentária e fluorose em crianças de 5 anos e adolescentes de 12 anos usuários de dentifrício fluoretado, em áreas com e sem água fluoretada. Os responsáveis pelas crianças e adolescentes responderam questionários para determinação de características socioeconômicas e demográficas e hábitos relacionados à saúde. Os indivíduos foram examinados e a cárie e a fluorose foram mensuradas pelos índices ceo-d / CPOD e TF, respectivamente. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, bivariadas e de regressão logística (p

Objective: To observe if dental alterations in premolars are associated with the rupture of the follicle bone crypt caused by a periapical lesion in the predecessor molars. Study design: This is a cross-sectional study. Data collection consisted of the analysis of medical records, a socioeconomic questionnaire, and dental clinical examination. Records from patients with a history of a radiographically visible periapical lesion in lower primary molars submitted to pulp therapy or extraction from a university dental clinic were selected. Successor premolars were clinically evaluated for the presence of enamel development defects, shape alterations, and eruption deviations. The descriptive analysis of data was performed, and Fisher’s exact tests, linear trend chi-square, and the Student’s t-test were applied. Results: Forty-eight permanent teeth were from 36 patients were evaluated in this study, and 20 (41.7%) of the 48 examined premolars showed a radiographic image suggestive of the rupture of the bone crypt. Rupture of the follicle bone crypt was not associated with the occurrence of enamel alterations in premolars (p = 0.418). An association between dental alterations and age over six years at the time of intervention was observed (p = 0.043). Conclusion: The presence of enamel alterations of premolars was not associated with the rupture of the follicle bone crypt caused by a periapical lesion in predecessor molars.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with malocclusion in the primary dentition of preschool children in a city of Brazilian Northeast. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 566 five-years-old preschool children who were enrolled in public and private preschools in the city of Teresina, Piaui, Brazil. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire administrated to parents/caregivers and clinical oral examination of the children was performed. Foster and Hamilton Index for primary teeth was used for the diagnosis of malocclusions. Descriptive analysis was carried out and Poisson regression was used to assesses the association with independent variables. Results: The prevalence of malocclusion was 51.2%. The most frequent types were Class II canines (17% and 16.8%), increased overjet (15.2%) and reduced overbite (14%). Anterior crossbite was present in 3.5% of the preschool children evaluated. There was an association between malocclusion and low family income (PR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.01-1.47). Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion in the primary dentition was high and associated with a low family income.

The interradicular region of primary molars is permeated by many foramina, channels and accessories that connect the pulp cavity with the periapical tissues anatomically. Thus, pulp decomposition products or drugs used in endodontic treatment can trigger inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood cell profile of the alveolar region after extraction of primary molars treated with CTZ paste. Forty‐eight primary molars were selected with clinical and radiographic signs of extraction. The sample was divided into three groups with 16 teeth each: Group 1—healthy teeth; Group 2—untreated decayed teeth; and Group 3—teeth treated with CTZ paste. Immediately after the extraction, blood from the interface of the tooth socket was collected and smears were performed for further evaluation. The slides were stained by the Fast Panoptic(®) method and analysed by two previously trained examiners who counted the leucocytes in sets of 100 cells/slide, differentiating them into neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils. The data were analysed statistically by the MANOVA test. The blood samples from Group 2 differed significantly from Group 1 samples for all classes of leucocytes, except basophils, with higher average for lymphocytes (62.56), monocytes (7.81) and eosinophils (2.31). For Group 3, there was a relative difference (P

BACKGROUND The aetiology of molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is multifactorial and may involve genetic and environmental factors. AIM To verify the factors associated with MIH in schoolchildren from 8 to 10 years of age. DESIGN This is a case-control study with a sample consisting of children aged 8 to 10 years, paired by gender and school type, in a ratio of 1:3. The case group included 186 children with MIH and the control included 558 children without MIH. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire and clinical examination. Chi-square, linear-by-linear, Mann-Whitney, and logistic regression tests were conducted. A value of P

O Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART) é uma abordagem contemporâneapara o controle da cárie dentária na qual a remoção do tecido cariado é realizada com instrumentos manuais e o dente restaurado com cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV) de alta viscosidade. Talvez por desconhecimento, muitos profissionais questionam a efetividade da técnica e o fato do procedimento restaurador ser considerado definitivo. Objetivos: (1) Avaliar o conhecimento e a conduta dos cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) que atuam na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) sobre o uso do ART; (2) Capacitar os CD para realizar o ART no âmbito da saúde da família; (3)Avaliar o desempenho clinico de um CIV convencional indicado para ARTem dentes decíduos e (4) Avaliar o alcance da técnica ART na resoluçãodas necessidades restauradoras de pré-escolares. Métodos: Pesquisa foidesenvolvida em duas fases: 1ª Pesquisa transversal com todos os CD dazona urbana de Teresina, Piauí. 2ª. Ensaio clínico controlado realizado empré-escolares de creches municipais. Resultados: 1ª. fase: O conhecimentodos profissionais sobre ART foi mensurado e a maioria apresenta informaçõescorretas. O nível de conhecimento teve associação significativa com a faixa etária (p=0,0005) e tempo de formado (p=0,0112). Os CD foram treinados para execução do ART em seis oficinas teórico-práticas. 2ª. fase: dados enviados para publicação. Conclusões: A maioria dos cirurgiões-dentistas da ESF de Teresina, Piauí possui bom conhecimento e conduta positiva em relação ao ART, mas necessita de aprimoramento com relação à técnica e sua correta indicação.

Introduction: A cross-sectional observational study was performed involving 314 dentists in the city of Teresina, Piaui. Aims: The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the perception of dentists of Teresina, Piaui, in relation to the attitudes of HIV-infected patients. Material and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among dentists of Teresina, Piaui. Positive perception was considered when the answer was “being able” and “not being afraid” to treat HIV-infected patients. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire that was statistically analysed using SPSS software version 20. Results: Most presented positive perception with regard to treating HIV-positive patients. Conclusion: Positive perception can be attributed to the continued education of these professionals. Introducción: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal con 314 dentistas de Teresina, Piauí. Objetivo: Evaluar la percepción de los odontólogos en la atención de pacientes infectados por el VIH. Material y método: Los profesionales respondieron un cuestionario que contiene datos sobre formación profesional, capacidad de atención, medidas de prevención, riesgos laborales y experiencias profesionales con personas infectadas por el VIH. La percepción positiva se consideró cuando la respuesta era "estar en forma" y "no tener miedo" de cuidar a pacientes infectados por el VIH. Para el análisis de los datos se aplicó la prueba Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson, con intervalo de confianza del 95% y nivel de significancia α = 5. Resultados: Se observó percepción positiva en el 54,8% de los profesionales. La mayoría de los dentistas (85%) se declararon capaces de brindar atención, sin embargo, el 41,1% informó tener miedo de atender a pacientes VIH positivos. Los profesionales que se consideraban no aptos para la atención atribuían su incapacidad a una falta de fundamento teórico y práctico durante los estudios de grado y posgrado (82%) o deficientes condiciones laborales (5,1%). Los que cursaron estudios de posgrado mostraron una mejor percepción sobre la atención a los pacientes VIH positivos (ƿ = 0,002). Conclusión: La percepción positiva se puede atribuir a la formación continua de los profesionales. Introdução: Estudo observacional transversal foi realizado com 314 cirurgiões-dentistas de Teresina, Piauí. Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção de cirurgiões-dentistas no atendimento de pacientes infectados pelo HIV. Material e método: Os profissionais responderam ao questionário contendo dados referentes à formação profissional, capacidade para atendimento, medidas de prevenção, riscos ocupacionais e experiências profissionais com indivíduos infectados pelo HIV. Foi considerada percepção positiva quando a resposta era "estar apto" e "não ter receio" de atender pacientes infectado pelo HIV. Para análise dos dados, foi aplicado o teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, com intervalo de confiança de 95% e nível de significância α=5. Resultados: Foi observada percepção positiva em 54,8% dos profissionais. A maioria dos dentistas (85%) declarou-se apta ao atendimento, entretanto, 41,1% relatou ter receio de atender pacientes HIV positivos. Os profissionais que se consideraram inaptos ao atendimento atribuíram a incapacidade à falta de fundamentação teórica e prática durante a graduação e pós-graduação (82%) ou condições de trabalho deficientes (5,1%). Aqueles que cursaram pós-graduação demonstraram melhor percepção quanto ao atendimento de pacientes HIV positivos (ƿ=0,002). Conclusão: Percepção positiva pode ser atribuída à educação continuada dos profissionais.

Background The etiology of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) remains unknown. Studies indicate that it is multifactorial, and that genetic and environmental factors are involved. Research with twins provides important subsidy to investigate the Influence of genetics and environmental factors that act during pregnancy on the etiology of alterations. Aim This cross-sectional study evaluated the agreement of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs and the association with environmental factors. Design The sample consisted of 167 pairs of twins (8–15 years old), 94 monozygotic and 73 dizygotic. The parents answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data and pre-, peri-, and postnatal health. A dental examination was performed by two calibrated examiners (Kappa ≥0.88) for MIH diagnosis, following the criteria proposed by the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry in 2003. Results The prevalence of MIH was 29.3%. There was greater concordance of MIH between monozygotic twins for affected first molars and permanent incisors (P = 0.0012) and pairs of twins assessed (P = 0.0211). The presence of MIH was associated with family income between one and two wages (P = 0.009, prevalence ratio [PR] = 3.82, confidence interval [CI 95%] 1.40–10.44), above two wages (P = 0.007, PR = 4.60, 95% CI: 1.51–14.05), and gestational hemorrhage (P = 0.032, PR = 5.70, 95% CI: 1.16–28.14). Conclusions The greater concordance in the diagnosis of MIH among monozygotic twins indicates a genetic influence, although environmental factors, such as family income and hemorrhage during pregnancy, are also associated with the occurrence of MIH.

Introduction Severe early childhood caries is defined as the presence of any sign of decay in children younger than three years. Objective This retrospective longitudinal observational study investigated caries and fluorosis in children with S-ECC from a city with fluoridated water. Material and method We included children under the age of three years who followed a maternal and child dental care program between the years of 1997 and 2003. The children were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (S-ECC) and group 2 (no caries). Guardians were contacted by telephone or mail. Caregivers completed questionnaire on socio-demographic and behavioral variables. The clinical dental examinations were performed in a dental clinic to assess caries experience and dental fluorosis. Multiple linear regression was used to determine factors associated with DMFT, and multivariate analysis by multiple logistic regression was used to determine the possible independent factors associated with the occurrence of fluorosis. Result The sample consisted of 126 patients aged 8-12 years, of whom 52.4% were male. The presence of S-ECC increased the DMFT by an average of 0.84 (p = 0.02). Both the frequency of tooth brushing and the use of standard toothpaste were protective factors from the development of caries in the permanent dentition (p

Objective To evaluate the knowledge and conduct of dentists of the Public Health System (Family Health Strategy – FHS) regarding Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART). Material and method A census survey was conducted and all FHS dentists from the urban area of the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil were visited in their workplaces and invited to participate in this study. Data collection was carried out between July and October, 2014 through self-administered questionnaires. For statistical analysis the chi-square test with a significance level of 5% and the linear association test were applied. Result One hundred and eighty-three professionals participated in the study (with a response rate of 89.7%), mostly women (71.0%), aged twenty to thirty-nine years (49.2%), with twenty or more years’ experience since graduation (45.9%), working only in the public service (70.5%), and with expertise in the clinical area (44.3%). Most of them believe in ART (82.7%) and 95.8% of them apply it (of those, 58.9% apply it only in public service). The professionals’ individual knowledge of ART was measured and most of them have correct information regarding the treatment. The knowledge level evaluation was significantly associated with age and time since graduation (p

Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with early weaning according to the report of mothers in a Child Friendly Hospital Initiative. Material and Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study with a sample of 252 mother/child binomials, participants in a maternal and childcare program, in a Child Friendly Hospital Initiative in Teresina, Brazil. A semi-structured questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument, administered to the mothers in individual interviews, with questions about socioeconomic conditions, breastfeeding, period, reason and way of weaning; and non-nutritive sucking habits. Early weaning was considered when the supply of breast milk was interrupted before the six months of life. For data analysis, descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed (Pearson's Chi-Square Test and Fisher's Exact Test), with a level of significance of 5%. Results: The prevalence of early weaning was 11.9%. The reasons given for interrupting breastfeeding by the mothers were: 23,% attributions of the mother; 46.% attributions of the infant; 23.3 % organic deficiency of the mother; 6.7% influence of others; and 4.8% of the mothers were still breastfeeding. The finger and/or pacifier sucking habits (p=0.002), and the use of a bottle (p=0.003) were associated with early weaning. A significant association between the total weaning period and the socioeconomic variables was not observed (p>0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of early weaning was low. The main factors were related to “infant attributions”, associated to children with non-nutritive sucking habits, bottle use, first tooth erupted with less than 6 months and whose mothers had formal employment.

Background Developmental enamel defects (DDE) represent one of the prevalent oral problems in childhood; however, few studies have evaluated its impact on quality of life in the children's own perception. Aim To evaluate the DDE impact on quality of life of 5-year-old children. Methods This cross-sectional observational study assessed 566 children aged 5 years old, in Teresina, Piaui, Brazil, according to their self-perceptions. Children answered the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Version 4.0 and Oral Health Scale. The dmft index, modified DDE index and Foster and Hamilton criteria were used to diagnose dental caries, DDE and malocclusion, respectively. A single examiner performed the clinical examination. Descriptive analyses and Poisson regression with robust variance were performed. Results The prevalence of DDE was 33.7%. For children's self-reports, the presence of DDE had a negative association with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL; PR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.15). Enamel hypoplasia had a negative impact on the physical function (PR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.10) and oral health (PR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.11) domains. Diffuse opacity had a negative impact on the social aspect (PR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.18). Conclusions Enamel defects had a negative impact on OHRQoL according to the self-reports of the children.

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) is one of the strategies used to control dental caries; it involves hand instruments for removal of carious tissue, and restorations using high-viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC). The present controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the performance of low-cost GIC indicated for ART in primary teeth, compared with high-viscosity GIC, after one year of follow-up. Two-to six-year-old children with dentin caries lesions on one or two surfaces of anterior and posterior teeth were selected. The children were randomly assigned to 2 groups according to the restorative material used: G1 (control) – Ketac Molar®; G2 (experimental) – Vitro Molar®. Treatments were performed in a school setting, following the guidelines of the ART. A total of 728 restorations were performed in 243 children. Descriptive analysis and Poisson regression were applied, with a significance level of p < 0.05. After 12 months, 559 (76.8%) restorations were re-evaluated. The success rate was evaluated by the prevalence ratio (PR), associated with restorations performed in primary second molars (PR = 1.21; 95%CI = 1.03–1.42), and with small (PR = 1.35; 95%CI = 1.14–1.60) or medium cavities (PR = 1.29; 95%CI = 1.08–1.55), using Ketac Molar® material (PR= 1.07; 95%CI = 1.01–1.15), considering p < 0.05. Small or medium restorations in primary second molars performed with high-viscosity GIC (Ketac Molar®) were more successful than restorations performed with low-cost GIC indicated for ART.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência e a severidade de fluorose dentária em escolares de 11 a 14 anos de idade em Teresina (PI) Brasil, município de clima tropical com água de abastecimento público fluoretada. Estudo do tipo observacional transversal no qual foram avaliadas 571 crianças distribuídas nas redes pública e particular de ensino. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas unidades escolares, após recolhimento do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) e questionário respondido pelos pais referentes às condições socioeconômicas e demográficas e aos hábitos de higiene bucal. O exame dentário foi realizado por um cirurgião-dentista calibrado. O índice aplicado foi o Thylstrup e Fejerskov (TF). A prevalência de fluorose foi de 77,9%, e apenas 12,5% das crianças acometidas apresentaram TF ≥ 3, grau com comprometimento estético. Os pré-molares foram os dentes mais afetados pela fluorose. Dentre os escolares com maior severidade de fluorose, 98,6% dos pertenciam à classe social mais baixa (>B2), 91,5% nasceram e sempre moraram em Teresina, 94,4% consumiam água de abastecimento fluoretada, 76% usaram dentifrício infantil e 64% as mães relataram que engoliam dentifrício. A prevalência de fluorose foi elevada, mas com baixa severidade, em indivíduos expostos à fluoretação desde o nascimento.

RESUMO: Introdução: Bruxismo do sono (BS) é uma atividade muscular repetitiva cuja epidemiologia em adolescentes tem sido pouco estudada. Este estudo observacional transversal objetivou determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao BS em adolescentes. Metodologia: A amostra foi constituída de 594 escolares na faixa etária de 11 a 14 anos de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. Os instrumentos de coleta dos dados foram questionário direcionado aos pais/responsáveis e exame clínico dentário. Para se verificar associação entre BS e variáveis independentes, o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson foi aplicado, bem como análise de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, com resultados expressos em razão de prevalência (RP). Resultados: A prevalência de BS foi de 22,2%. Na análise multivariada foi observada maior prevalência de BS em adolescentes do sexo masculino (RP = 1,41; intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 1,04 - 1,89), com relato de ronco (RP = 1,39; IC95% 1,02 - 1,89) e dificuldades para dormir (RP = 1,92; IC95% 1,38 - 2,66). Conclusão: BS é uma condição frequente em adolescentes, e os fatores associados à sua prevalência foram: sexo masculino, ronco e dificuldades para dormir. ABSTRACT: Introduction: Sleep bruxism (SB) is defined as a repetitive jaw muscle activity whose epidemiology in adolescents has been little studied. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep bruxism and associated factors in adolescents. Methodology: The sample consisted of 594 students aged 11 to 14 years old from Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Self-administered questionnaire was answered by parents/caregivers and dental clinical examination was performed. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to assess the association between SB and independent variables. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was applied, with results expressed in prevalence ratio (PR). Results: The prevalence of SB in adolescents was 22.2%. Multivariate analysis showed a higher prevalence of SB in male gender adolescents (PR = 1.41; 95%CI 1.04 - 1.89), presenting snoring (PR = 1.39; 95%CI 1.02 - 1.89) and difficulty falling asleep (PR = 1.92; 95%CI 1.38 - 2.66). Conclusion: SB is a frequent condition in adolescents, and the factors associated with its prevalence were: male sex, snoring and difficulty falling asleep.

Data about total fluoride intake in children living in a tropical semi-arid climate city is scarce, thus we conducted this study. Fifty-eight children aged two to five years, living in a Brazilian tropical city with optimally fluoridated water were selected. Dietary samples were collected using the duplicate diet method on two non-consecutive days in the children's home toothpaste was determined by subtracting the amount of fluoride recovered after brushing from the amount placed on the toothbrush. The mean total dose (SD) of fluoride intake was 0.043(0.016) mg F·kg-1·d-1, with the major (60.6%) contribution from water. The factors associated with the ingestion of fluoride from toothpaste were fluoride concentration of the toothpaste (p = 0.03) and the use of kids toothpaste (p = 0.02). The findings suggest that children have a low fluoride intake, measured by at-home meals and use of fluoride toothpaste; drinking water is the main source of fluoride ingestion.

Leishmaniasis is considered a serious public health problem in several regions in Brazil and worldwide. This research aimed to perform a histopathological and proteomic study of parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands of BALB/c mice infected by Leishmania (L) infantum chagasi using histological, immunohistochemical and epifluorescence techniques. Twelve isogenic BALB/c male mice, around six- to eight-weeks old, were separated into two groups: the animals of the control group were injected with 0.15 ml of NaCl, while those in the experimental group were inoculated with 5 × 106 amastigote forms of Leishmania (L) infantum chagasi by the ip route. After 50 days, animals were euthanized and major salivary glands were collected to perform histological, immunohistochemical and epifluorescence techniques using anti-Caspase-2, anti-Ki-67 and anti-β-catenin antibodies, respectively. The histological and morphometric evaluation showed clusters of mononuclear inflammatory cells and a higher area and perimeter of the parotid gland. However, none of the salivary glands had morphophysiological impairment. There was no immunoreactivity to the anti-caspase-2 antibody and Ki67 expression in acinar and ductal cells in both groups. According to the immunofluorescence staining, the β-catenin antibodies did not show nuclear expression, suggesting no uncontrolled proliferation. The data obtained in this study showed population and morphological stability of major salivary glands after 50 days post-infection by Leishmania (L) infantum chagasi.

The main sources of fluoride intake by children are fluoridated water and toothpaste. Little has been studied regarding fluoride intake from these sources in regions with tropical climates and high temperatures throughout the year. This study aimed to determine the amount of fluoride ingested from diet and tooth brushing by children who live in a city with a tropical climate. Sixty-seven children from Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, took part in this study. The city's water supply was optimally fluoridated. The duplicate-diet method was used to determine the fluoride intake from diet. The intake of fluoride from dentifrice was determined by subtracting the amount of fluoride placed on the toothbrush and that recovered after brushing. The concentration of fluoride was measured using an ion-specific electrode and is expressed as milligrams/kilogram of body weight/day. The mean (±SD) total amount was 0.071 ± 0.036 mg F/kg body weight/day, and the relative contributions of diet and toothpaste were 0.025 ± 0.010 and 0.046 ± 0.035, respectively. The factors associated with fluoride intake from toothpaste were: use of children's toothpaste (p = 0.003), use of large amounts of toothpaste (p < 0.001), and a high frequency of tooth brushing (p = 0.003). Sixty-four percent of children had an intake of less than 0.07 mg F/kg body weight/day, which is considered the upper limit for an aesthetically tolerable fluorosis risk. The results suggest that the amount of fluoride ingested by most children who live in a Brazilian city with a tropical climate is considered safe in terms of the risk of dental fluorosis.

Objective: This study presents 38 cases of primary molars with necrotic pulps treated with antibiotics-based paste. Case report: The technique consisted of necrotic tissue removal of the pulp chamber, using spoons excavators and low speed drills. Pulp cavity was washed with saline solution and dried with sterile cotton balls. Then an antibiotic paste composed of chloramphenicol, tetracycline, zinc oxide and eugenol – CTZ paste – was inserted at the entrance of root canals. Patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically at different times. The criteria that defined clinical success were the lack of periapical abscess and mobility compatible with chronological age. Radiographic assessments consisted in absence of radiolucency in the region of root bifurcation and pathological bone resorption. Conclusion: There were 100% and 93% of clinical and radiographic success, respectively. The results suggest that the CTZ paste is an optional therapy for pulp of primary molars.

Este estudo transversal avaliou o perfil dos cirurgiões-dentistas (CD) que trabalham na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e a partir deste, refletiu sobre aspectos do desenvolvimento das ações odontológicas na atenção primária em saúde, de municípios de um colegiado do processo de regionalização sanitária do estado do Piauí, Brasil. O estudo abrangeu os dezenove municípios do referido colegiado. No período de agosto a dezembro de 2008, foram aplicados questionários a 111 CD, que aceitaram participar do estudo e trabalhavam no respectivo território. Os dados foram transferidos para o programa Excel®, tabulados e analisados. Os CD avaliados foram predominantemente do gênero feminino, com idade entre 20-39 anos, tempo de formado entre um a cinco anos. Eles possuem, em sua maioria, curso de especialização em área clínica. A maioria faz visitas domiciliares, mas sem a presença da equipe, com baixa periodicidade e raramente reúne-se com esta. Os resultados apontam problemas que provavelmente são encontrados em outras realidades do território nacional. A tendência do CD à não interdisciplinaridade é questão ainda em aberto, quando examinado o papel da odontologia e sua potencialmente inquestionável participação na estratégia saúde da família.

This study evaluated the impact of molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) according to the perceptions of schoolchildren and their parents/caregivers. This cross-sectional study consisted of a sample of 594 schoolchildren between 11 and 14 years of age and their parents/caregivers who answered the questionnaires CPQ11–14ISF:16 and P-CPQ, respectively. The main independent variable of this study was MIH of the schoolchildren. Experience of dental caries, malocclusion, and socioeconomic status were treated as confounding variables. Statistical analysis used descriptive analysis and Poisson regression with robust variance. The prevalence of MIH was 18.9%. The overall P-CPQ score ranged from 0 to 35 (average = 7.26 ± 6.84), and the overall CPQ11-14ISF:16 score ranged from 0 to 47 (average = 11.92 ± 7.98). Severe MIH was associated with a greater negative impact of the “functional limitation” domain (RR = 1.41; 95%CI = 1.01–1.97), according to parents’/caregivers’ perceptions. Severe MIH was associated with a greater negative impact of the “oral symptom” domain (RR = 1.30; 95%CI = 1.06–1.60) and functional limitation domain (RR = 1.42; 95%CI = 1.08–1.86), according to the schoolchildren’s perceptions. Schoolchildren with severe MIH had a greater negative impact on the oral symptom and functional limitation domains than those without MIH. According to parents’/caregivers’ perceptions, schoolchildren with severe MIH had a greater negative impact on the functional limitation domain than those without MIH.

To determine the frequency of Enamel Development Defects (DDE) and associated factors in children and adolescents infected with HIV. A case-control study was conducted in HIV-infected patients (n = 52), aged 3 to 15, and a control group formed by preschool and schoolchildren (n = 104) matched according to gender, age and household income. Data on medical history, neonatal and maternal conditions were obtained. For diagnosis of enamel defects was used modified DDE Index. DDE frequency was 61.5% in the case group and 58.7% in the control group (p = 0.569). Infection of the genitourinary tract and maternal hemorrhage were factors associated with DDE in the case and control groups, respectively. An association was observed between the use of antiretroviral regimens with protease inhibitors or efavirenz and DDE in the permanent dentition. Children and adolescents HIV-infected showed a DDE frequency similar to healthy patients, but factors associated with this condition were different between the groups.

INTRODUÇÃO: Dentre as competências necessárias à formação profissional em Odontologia no Brasil, está aquela destinada à atuação nos serviços de saúde. Nesse processo de formação, a participação em programas de extensão universitária amplia as possibilidades de aprendizado por permitir a vivência entre os ambientes acadêmico e comunitário. OBJETIVO: Determinar o impacto que as informações e ações desenvolvidas em um programa de extensão universitária exerceram na formação profissional de egressos de uma universidade pública. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal descritivo. A população do estudo foi composta por 268 cirurgiões-dentistas, que participaram do projeto de extensão universitária do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Piauí - Programa Preventivo para Gestantes e Bebês, no período de 1997 a 2011. Foi utilizado questionário enviado por e-mail como instrumento de coleta de dados, incluindo perguntas relativas à importância que o programa exerceu na qualificação profissional dos ex-estagiários. RESULTADO: O percentual de resposta foi de 52,6%, ou seja, 141 cirurgiões-dentistas responderam ao questionário. Os resultados apontaram que 98,6% dos sujeitos classificaram o Programa Preventivo para Gestantes e Bebês como ótimo; 91,5% declararam aplicar os conhecimentos adquiridos no projeto em sua rotina profissional; 28,4% implantaram programas semelhantes; 85,8% atendem gestantes em suas rotinas de trabalho e, destes, 19,8% relataram dificuldade nos atendimentos; 69,5% atendem bebês em suas rotinas de trabalho e, destes, 63,3% se sentem capacitados para executar procedimentos clínicos. CONCLUSÃO: As informações e ações desenvolvidas no Programa Preventivo para Gestantes e Bebês apresentaram impacto positivo na qualificação profissional de egressos, contribuindo para que os mesmos atuem com segurança nos atendimentos de gestantes e bebês.

– Fracture of the anterior teeth by trauma is the most frequent type of injury affecting the permanent dentition, especially the maxillary central incisors. When the fragment is not available or its use is not recommended, donated extracted teeth (homogenous bonding) can be used. The aim of this paper is to report the successful 18-year follow up of a maxillary central incisor fracture in which homogenous bonding was performed.

Background : MDM2, P53, P21 WAF1 and pAKT are proteins associated with the balance between cell death and survival. There are many hypotheses regarding the role of these proteins in salivary gland tumours. However, many molecular events that activate or inactivate regulatory genes remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to correlate MDM2, P53, P21 WAF1 and pAKT protein expressions in adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC). Methods : Twenty-two cases of ACC were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and one cell line derived from ACC was analyzed by Western Blotting and immunofluorescence techniques. Results : Strong MDM2 and pAKT, variable P53 and null P21 expressions were found in the cases analyzed, but no statistical correlation was established when comparing MDM2 and pAKT expressions in the 3 different ACC subtypes. The ACC cell line showed intense nuclear and cytoplasmatic MDM2 and pAKT expressions and null P53 and P21 expressions. Conclusions : Results indicate that MDM2 and pAKT are related to the tumorigenesis of ACC, but they might not be directly connected to tumour progression. We also demonstrate that the pAKT pathway is active in ACC and it seems to be activating the MDM2 shuttle from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where it phosphorylates P53 and carries it to the cytoplasm for degradation.

Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em escolares com bruxismo do sono. Estudo observacional transversal desenvolvido com 594 escolares (11-14 anos) do município de Teresina-Piauí. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada através da versão brasileira do questionário CPQ11-14, na forma curta (ISF:16). A presença do bruxismo do sono foi considerada através de relatos dos responsáveis legais. Para análise dos resultados foi utilizado o cálculo de estimativa de chances (Odds Ratio-OR), análise descritiva, teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson, teste de Razão de Verossimilhança e regressão logística múltipla. Foi encontrada associação estatisticamente significativa entre escolares com bruxismo do sono e o escore total do CPQ11-14 (p < 0,001), e com os escores dos domínios limitação funcional (p = 0,033) e bem-estar social (p = 0,020). As variáveis gênero e idade não apresentaram associação com a qualidade de vida. O modelo final de regressão revelou que a presença de bruxismo do sono aumenta a chance de ter maior impacto na qualidade de vida (ORaj = 1,82 (1,54 - 2,10) , IC = 95%). Conclui-se que o bruxismo do sono apresentou impacto negativo na qualidade de vida dos escolares, principalmente nos domínios, limitações funcionais e alterações no bem-estar social. The purpose of this study is to assess quality of life in relation to oral health in schoolchildren with sleep bruxism. It is a transversal observational study of 594 schoolchildren (aged 11–14) of the municipality of Teresina, in the Brazilian State of Piauí. Quality of life was assessed through the Brazilian version of the CPQ11-14 questionnaire, in the short form (ISF:16).The presence of sleep bruxism was assessed from reports by the people legally responsible for the children. The results were analyzed by: calculation of an Odds Ratio (OR) estimate of chances; descriptive analysis; a Pearson Chi-squared test; a Likelihood Ratio test; and multiple logistic regression. A statistically significant association was found between sleep bruxism and the total score on the CPQ11-14 (p < 0.001), and with the scores in two domains: functional limitation (p = 0.033);and social wellbeing (p= 0.020).No association was found between quality of life and the variables gender orage. The final regression model showed that the presence of sleep bruxism increases the chance of having a greater effect on quality of life (ORadj=1.82 (1.54 – 2.10), IC = 95%).It is concluded that sleep bruxism had a negative impact on the quality of life of the schoolchildren, principally in the two domains functional limitations and changes in social wellbeing.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:10:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-08-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Background: Tutored laboratorial activities could be a manner of improving the competency development of students. However, its impact over conventional theoretical classes has not yet been tested. Additionally, different university contexts could influence this issue and should be explored. Objective: To assess the impact of a tutored theoretical-practical training for teaching undergraduate students to detect caries lesions as compared with theoretical teaching activities. The impact of these teaching/learning activities will be assessed in terms of efficacy, cost/benefit, retention of knowledge/acquired competences, and student acceptability. Methods: Sixteen centers (7 centers from Brazil and 9 centers from other countries throughout the world) are involved in the inclusion of subjects for this protocol. A randomized controlled study with parallel groups will be conducted. One group (control) will be exposed to a 60- to 90-minute conventional theoretical class and the other group (test) will be exposed to the same theoretical class and also a 90-minute laboratory class, including exercises and discussions based on the evaluation of a pool of images and extracted teeth. The mentioned outcomes will be evaluated immediately after the teaching activities and also in medium- and long-term analyses. To compare the long-term outcomes, students who enrolled in the university before the participating students will be interviewed for data collection and these data will be used as a control and compared with the trained group. This stage will be a nonrandomized phase of this study, nested in the main study. Appropriate statistical analysis will be performed according to the aims of this study. Variables related to the centers will also be analyzed and used to model adjustment as possible sources of variability among results. Results: This ongoing study is funded by a Brazilian national funding agency (CNPq- 400736/2014-4). We expect that the tutored theoretical-practical training will improve the undergraduate students' performance in the detection of caries lesions and subsequent treatment decisions, mainly in terms of long-term retention of knowledge. Our hypothesis is that tutored theoretical-practical training is a more cost-effective option for teaching undergraduate students to detect caries lesions. Conclusions: If our hypothesis is confirmed, the use of laboratory training in conjunction with theoretical classes could be used as an educational strategy in Cariology to improve the development of undergraduate students' skills in the detection of caries lesions and clinical decision-making. Dental School Pediatric Dentistry Departament University of São Paulo Initiatives for Undergraduate Students' Training in Cariology (IuSTC Group) Multi-Institutional Group Dental School Federal University of Santa Maria Dental School Federal University of Minas Gerais CPO Sao Leopoldo Mandic School of Dentistry University of São Paulo School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Dentistry Federal University of Amazonas Postgraduate Programme in Dentistry Federal University of Piaui School of Dentistry Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul School of Dentistry “Prof Albino Coimbra Filho” Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Graduate Program in Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Facultad de Odontologia Universidad de Guadalajara UNICA Caries Research Unit Research Vice-Rectory Universidad El Bosque Dental Innovation and Translation Centre King's College of London The Dental Health Unit The University of Manchester Carrera de Odontología Universidad Católica Facultad Autonoma de Asunción Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong University of Sheffield Dundee Dental Hospital and School University of Dundee Faculty of Dental Medicine EpiUnit University of Porto School of Public Health University of São Paulo Department of Odontology University of Copenhagen School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (Unesp)

Objetivo: avaliar tendências de busca dos usuários da internet por informações sobre cárie dentária e defeitos de esmalte. Material e Métodos: trata-se de estudo retrospectivo que utilizou a ferramenta Google Trends Search Application como instrumento de busca. Foram utilizados os descritores “dental caries” e “enamel defects” para obtenção de informações no período de janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2015. Os resultados foram expressos pelo índice Search Volume Index. Foram utilizados os testes Kruskal-Wallis e pós-teste de Dunn, com nível de significância de 5%, para a análise dos dados. Resultados: para o termo “dental caries”, os maiores volumes de busca foram observados nos meses de março, abril e maio (62.33 ± 14.73, 63.58 ± 13.19, 63.00 ± 13.24, respectivamente) e os menores, nos meses de julho, agosto e dezembro (44.92 ± 8.82, 46.83 ± 9.94, 40.67 ± 5.55) (p < 0,001). Não foram observadas diferenças no volume de buscas entre meses do ano para o termo “enamel defects” (p = 0,694). Na análise por ano, foram observadas diferenças significativas para cárie dentária (p < 0,001), a partir de 2007 o volume de busca reduziu significativamente quando comparado aos anos anteriores. O mesmo não foi observado para defeitos de esmalte (p = 0,492). Conclusão: houve tendência de diminuição no número de buscas por informações sobre cárie dentária, ao passo que se mantêm constantes as buscas sobre defeitos de esmalte.

INTRODUCTION: Dental fluorosis is a disturbance of high prevalence caused by the ingestion of fluoride ions present mainly in toothpaste. Preventive measures to avoid it are still controversial. Thus, knowing the impact that fluorosis can cause on the population's quality of life it is important for planning public health policies.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of dental fluorosis on the quality of life of children and adolescents.MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 300 subjects aged 8 to 12 years divided into 4 groups: children (8-10 years) and adolescents (10 to 12 years) with and without fluorosis. The diagnosis of fluorosis was performed according to the index Thylstrup and Fejerskov and quality of life was evaluated using Child Perceptions Questionnaire 8-10 and 11-14. The socio-demographic characteristics of the patients were also evaluated. For inclusion in the sample, selected patients should present eight permanent incisors with crowns fully erupted. Patients who had extensive restorations, fractured teeth, other dental enamel defects and who wore braces were excluded.RESULT: Fluorosis was present in 64.7% of the patients analyzed and in most cases (80.3%) was mild or very mild. In children, the average overall score of the questionnaire was 15.9 for the group without fluorosis and 18.3 for the group with fluorosis (p = 0.255). The teenagers' score in the group without fluorosis was 26.1, while the group with fluorosis was 22.7 (p = 0.104).CONCLUSION: Dental fluorosis caused impact on the quality of life of the population analyzed only in the functional domain. INTRODUÇÃO: A fluorose dentária é um distúrbio de alta prevalência decorrente da ingestão de íons fluoretos. Medidas preventivas para evitá-la ainda são controversas. Assim, conhecer o impacto que a fluorose pode causar na qualidade de vida de indivíduos é importante para o planejamento de políticas públicas de saúde.OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da fluorose dentária sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) de crianças e adolescentes.MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 300 indivíduos na faixa etária de 8 a12 anos. O diagnóstico de fluorose foi realizado segundo o índice Thylstrup e Fejerskov e a qualidade de vida foi avaliada utilizando os questionários de Percepção da Criança 8-10 e 11-14. Foram incluídos pacientes com oito incisivos permanentes com coroas totalmente irrompidase excluídos os que apresentavam restaurações extensas, dentes fraturados, outros defeitos do esmalte dentário e os que usavam aparelho ortodôntico fixo. Os dados foram analisados no programa SPSS(r) (versão 18; Chicago, IL) e realizaram-se os teste Qui-quadrado, Fisher e Mann-Whitney. Foram considerados significantes valores de p0,05). Entretanto, apresentaram impacto no domínio limitação funcional (p = 0,039 e 0,013) para crianças e adolescentes respectivamente).CONCLUSÃO: Foi observada associação entre fluorose e qualidade de vida apenas no domínio funcional.

OBJECTIVE: Pediatricians are health professionals who treat the child during the first years of their life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the conduct adopted by pediatricians regarding the oral health of children. METHOD: This was a descriptive cross-sectional observational study with a sample of 100 physicians specialized in pediatrics, working in the public and private sectors. A questionnaire was used for data collection, and the pediatricians were approached in their workplaces. RESULT: Most pediatricians (69%) belong to the female gender, with an average age of 48 years, and work in both the public and private sectors of health and have over 20 years of professional experience. Regarding their level of knowledge on oral health, 59% consider it to be good and 59% said that they had not been approached about this issue during their training in pediatrics. Ninety-two percent routinely examine the oral cavity of the baby; 64% recommend the use of fluoridated toothpaste, and 66.7% direct patients to a dental appointment in the first year of life. Regarding breastfeeding at night, 55.6% do not make the association between breastfeeding and the onset of early childhood caries. Furthermore, 74.7% do not justify the associations between the eruption of the first primary teeth and systemic manifestations, and 93% contraindicate the use of a dummy. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that pediatricians have proactive attitudes with regards to oral health. However, they need more information on the importance of fluoride for the control of dental caries OBJETIVO: Os médicos pediatras são os profissionais de saúde que acompanham a criança ao longo dos primeiros anos de vida. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar condutas adotadas por pediatras em relação à saúde bucal de crianças. MÉTODO Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal descritivo, com amostra constituída por 100 médicos especialistas em pediatria, atuantes em serviços público e privado. Foi utilizado questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados e os pediatras foram abordados em seus locais de trabalho. RESULTADO: A maioria dos pediatras (69%) pertence ao gênero feminino, com idade média de 48 anos, trabalham simultaneamente nos serviços de saúde público e privado, com mais de 20 anos de experiência profissional. Com relação ao nível de conhecimento em relação à saúde bucal, 59% consideraram como bom e 59% afirmaram não ter sido abordado o tema sobre saúde bucal durante a formação em pediatria. Noventa e dois por cento realizam exame da cavidade bucal do bebê como procedimento de rotina; 64% recomendam o uso de dentifrício fluoretado; 66,7% encaminham os pacientes à consulta odontológica no primeiro ano de vida. Com relação à amamentação noturna, 55,6% não fazem associação entre aleitamento materno e a instalação de cárie precoce na infância. Além disso, 74,7% não justificam associações entre irrompimento dos primeiros dentes decíduos e manifestações sistêmicas e 93% contraindicam uso de chupetas. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que os pediatras apresentam atitudes pró-ativas em relação à saúde bucal, apesar de necessitarem de maiores esclarecimentos quanto à importância dos fluoretos no controle da cárie dentária.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC).Methods: It was an observational retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of all patients diagnosed with ECC in the records of an active program of maternal and child care. The control group was composed of an equal number of children, matched for gender and age, who attended the program and did not have ECC. The process of data collection consisted of completing a pre-established schedule to analyse variables related to the mother/caregiver and child.Statisticalanalysis was performed using the chi-squared and odds ratio (OR), with alpha (α) = 0.05.Results: History of caries in the mother (OR=2.61; CI 95%=1.45-4.67) and father (OR=1.72; CI 95%=1.02-2.89) were key determinants in the child being diagnosed with ECC.Conclusions: The risk factors associated with ECC were the following: no oral hygiene acceptance, nocturnal feeding duration of more than 16 months, a daily intake of sugar greater than 4 times a day, a Baume type II maxillary arch, fewer than 3 consultations with the program, and a history of decay in the parents. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os fatores de risco associados à carie precoce da infância (CPI).Metodologia: Foi um estudo observacional retrospectivo caso-controle. O grupo caso consistiu de todos os pacientes diagnosticados com CPI nos registros ativos de um programa odontológico de atenção maternoinfantil. O grupo controle foi composto por um número igual de crianças, pareadas por sexo e idade, que participaram do programa e não tinham CPI. O processo de coleta de dados consistiu no preenchimento de uma ficha pré-estabelecida para analisar as variáveis relacionadas à mãe/cuidador e a criança. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o teste do qui-quadrado e razão de chances (OR), com alfa (α)=0,05.Resultados: A CPI foi associada à história de cárie na mãe (OR=2.61; IC 95%=1.45-4.67) e no pai (OR=1.72; IC 95%=1.02-2.89).Conclusões: Os fatores de risco associados à CPI foram: não aceitação higiene oral, duração da alimentação noturna de mais de 16 meses, ingestão diária de açúcar superior a 4 vezes ao dia, arco superior tipo II de Baume, menos de 3 consultas ao programa, e história de cárie nos pais.

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by a short neck, a low posterior hairline, and limited head movement. Occasionally, patients with KFS may also show signs of deafness, intellectual disability, cardiac malformation, palpebral ptosis, facial nerve paralysis, cleft palate, and scoliosis. Although some researchers have documented this syndrome, scant attention has been paid to craniomaxillofacial manifestations and dental treatment of patients with KFS. The objective of this case report was to describe the planning and execution of dental treatment for a 10-year-old male patient with KFS.