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3 results on '"Lynn Grattan"'

1. Discovery of a Potential Human Serum Biomarker for Chronic Seafood Toxin Exposure Using an SPR Biosensor

Author

Kathi A. Lefebvre, Betsy Jean Yakes, Elizabeth Frame, Preston Kendrick, Sara Shum, Nina Isoherranen, Bridget E. Ferriss, Alison Robertson, Alicia Hendrix, David J. Marcinek, and Lynn Grattan

Subjects
chronic exposure, environmental neurotoxin, serum biomarker, seafood toxin, algal toxin, marine biotoxin, Medicine
Abstract

Domoic acid (DA)-producing harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been present at unprecedented geographic extent and duration in recent years causing an increase in contamination of seafood by this common environmental neurotoxin. The toxin is responsible for the neurotoxic illness, amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), that is characterized by gastro-intestinal distress, seizures, memory loss, and death. Established seafood safety regulatory limits of 20 μg DA/g shellfish have been relatively successful at protecting human seafood consumers from short-term high-level exposures and episodes of acute ASP. Significant concerns, however, remain regarding the potential impact of repetitive low-level or chronic DA exposure for which there are no protections. Here, we report the novel discovery of a DA-specific antibody in the serum of chronically-exposed tribal shellfish harvesters from a region where DA is commonly detected at low levels in razor clams year-round. The toxin was also detected in tribal shellfish consumers’ urine samples confirming systemic DA exposure via consumption of legally-harvested razor clams. The presence of a DA-specific antibody in the serum of human shellfish consumers confirms long-term chronic DA exposure and may be useful as a diagnostic biomarker in a clinical setting. Adverse effects of chronic low-level DA exposure have been previously documented in laboratory animal studies and tribal razor clam consumers, underscoring the potential clinical impact of such a diagnostic biomarker for protecting human health. The discovery of this type of antibody response to chronic DA exposure has broader implications for other environmental neurotoxins of concern.

Published
2019
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2. Use of the North American Adult Reading Test to Estimate Premorbid Intellectual Function in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Author

Karen B. Friend and Lynn Grattan

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Multiple Sclerosis, Physical disability, Psychometrics, media_common.quotation_subject, Intelligence, Audiology, Developmental psychology, Central nervous system disease, medicine, Humans, media_common, Intelligence Tests, medicine.diagnostic_test, Multiple sclerosis, Reproducibility of Results, Cognition, Neuropsychological test, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Test (assessment), Clinical Psychology, Reading, Neurology, Brain Damage, Chronic, Female, Aptitude, Neurology (clinical), Psychology
Abstract

The North American Adult Reading Test (NART-R) has proven to be a valid means of estimating premorbid intellectual function in a variety of neurologic patient samples. The NART-R was administered to a group of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) varying in course and degree of physical disability and healthy controls as part of an extensive neuropsychological battery examining numerous verbal cognitive functions, particularly language. The MS sample demonstrated significantly worse NART-R performance than did controls which could not be explained by differences in estimated premorbid intellectual function. Patients with a chronic-progressive course specifically obtained significantly lower scores than did controls, whereas there were no differences in the scores obtained by patients with chronic-progressive and relapsing-remitting courses or by patients with a relapsing-remitting course and controls. Thus, NART-R performance may not be a valid estimate of baseline IQ for patients with neurologic disorders with suspected language impairment.

Published
1998
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3. Case report: Reversible neuropsychological impairment after severe carbon monoxide poisoning in a child

Author

Lynn Grattan, Paul J. Eslinger, and David Faust

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Carbon monoxide poisoning, Neuropsychology, CO poisoning, medicine.disease, Developmental disorder, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, El Niño, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Animal studies, Psychiatry, Psychology
Abstract

Carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication can cause significant neuropsychological deficits in adults acutely or as delayed sequelae after a symptom‐free period of up to 40 days. However, there are few data available regarding the effects of CO poisoning in children during the same time period. We studied a 10‐year‐old girl who suffered severe CO intoxication over at least 36 hr. Neurobehavioral examination at 2 weeks postonset revealed specific impairments in functions associated with the frontal and parietal areas. Follow‐up examinations throughout the next 4 weeks revealed recovery of all functions to estimated premorbid levels. This recovery was maintained at 6 months and 1 year following the hypoxic episode. The results suggest (a) a multifocal pattern of results similar to that reported in adults and (b) an immediate onset and rapid reversibility of symptoms with no delayed sequelae up to 1 year later, a finding different from that in adults. Together with findings from animal studies, the data (a) raise th...

Published
1988
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