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Background Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to adverse mental health consequences, such as depression, among older adults. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of lower depression scores in older adults living under lockdown. Methods 1,123 older Brazilian adults were cross-sectionally assessed for depression, physical activity (PA), pet ownership (dogs, cats, and birds), ability to make video calls, leaving home during lockdown, and not living alone. The statistical procedures included linear regression and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results After adjusting for age, sex, and race, moderate to vigorous PA (β = −0.014, p < .001), it was found that PA (β = −0.905, p < .001) and dog ownership (β = −0.545, p = .004) were associated with lower depression. No association was observed between depression and other conditions. Conclusions With the likelihood of subsequent COVID-19 waves, remotely delivered PA programs might be a strategy to counteract the negative psychological effects of lockdown on older adults.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative effects of CGs on heart physiology. Twenty-eight Wistar rats were distributed into four groups (n = 7), control group received NaCl 0.9% every 24 h for 21 days; treated groups received respectively 50 μg/kg of digoxin (DIG), ouabain (OUA) and oleandrin (OLE) every 24 h for 21 days. Serial ECGs were performed, as well as serum levels of creatinine kinase (CK), its MB fraction, troponin I (cTnI), calcium (Ca2+) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). Heart tissue was processed for histology, scanning electron microscopy and Western blot analysis for cTnI, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), sodium potassium pump alpha-1 and alpha-2. Ventricle samples were also analyzed for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPX, and CAT). ECGs showed decrease in QT and progressive shortening of QRS. No arrhythmias were observed. No significant differences were associated with CGs treatment and serum levels of CK, CK-MB, and cTnI. Only oleandrin increased LDH levels. Histological analysis showed degenerative changes and only oleandrin promoted moderate focal necrosis of cardiomyocytes. Scanning microscopy also confirmed the greatest effect of oleandrin, with rupture and shortening of cardiac fibers. The expression of troponin I and alpha-1 isoform were not altered, however, the protein levels of BNP and alpha-2 were higher in the groups that received oleandrin and ouabain in relation to the digoxin group. All GCs affected the production of ROS, without causing lipid peroxidation, through the activation of different antioxidant pathways. It is concluded that the administration of digoxin, ouabain, and oleandrin at 50 µg/kg for 21 days caused cardiovascular damage that represent an important limitation into its future use in heart failure and antineoplastic therapy.

Formal and non-formal settings of education are called for action in matter of creating hopeful places for children, since hope is one of the most powerful psychological predictors of succe...

Social skills represent a complex area within human behavior. Children and adolescents who have difficulties in social skills and who are poorly accepted by peers are at risk of developing some negative consequences. For people that have Asperger’s syndrome (AS), social skills are the biggest life challenge. It is, therefore, important to detect AS early in order to help them to fit in society more effectively and achieve their full potential. In this paper, we present a clinical case of a teenage girl diagnosed with AS, that also presented some depressive and anxiety symptoms. We will learn more about the traits of AS, the differences expected between boys and girls with AS, the impact of AS in adolescence, but also the relation between these traits and epilepsy, since she was diagnosed with absence seizures. In the therapeutic process the principles of cognitive behavioral, narrative, and family therapy were applied. Therapy was aimed at psych educating about the AS diagnosis; developing social competencies; developing strategies to cope with stress, anxiety, and aggression; improving self-esteem and enhancing autonomy.

This study examined three sets of psychosocial variables (love styles, perceived social support, and social and emotional loneliness) as predictors of satisfaction with love life among 357 college students from Madeira (57% females). The participants completed four scales, including the Love Attitudes Scale (LAS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Support (MSPSS), the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale (SELSA-S), and the Satisfaction with Love Life Scale (SWLLS). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensionality of the SWLLS among college students in Madeira region. Overall, satisfaction with love life was significantly predicted by indicators of love styles, perceived social support, and social and emotional loneliness, accounting respectively for 51%, 28%, and 60% of the variance being explained. The study provided additional evidence of the importance of love styles, social support and loneliness in satisfaction with love life.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is a biological product often used to promote tissue repair, due to its composition of growth factors. The aim of this study was to compare the viability of platelets on horses and mules and the influence of two different anticoagulants—dextrose citrate (ACD) and sodium citrate (CIT)—while obtaining PRP. Eight horses and eight mules were used, with two replicas each. PRP was obtained after single centrifugation at 133 g for 8 minutes. Blood analysis was performed on hematologic analyzer, and morphology was evaluated through optical microscopy of phase inversion. Platelet concentration on PRP (when compared with total blood samples) was 1.42 times in horses and 2.0 times in mules using ACD, and 1.39 times in horses and 2.69 times in mules using CIT. The protocol was more efficient in concentrating mules' platelets when compared with horses', and CIT was responsible for a larger PRP leukocyte reduction on both equids. CIT was a better anticoagulant for mules' PRP procurement, due to its promotion of higher platelet concentration.

O crescimento da população mundial tem aumentado a demanda por alimentos e exigido a produção alimentícia em grande escala através do emprego de inúmeras práticas agrícolas, como o uso de agrotóxicos na lavoura visando eliminar pragas e garantir a produtividade. Entretanto, as consequências do uso desses produtos e suas repercussões à saúde humana tem sido alvo de discussão no meio acadêmico. Objetivo: identificar os impactos dos agrotóxicos à saúde mental. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo com abordagem descritivo-analítico-reflexiva. Foram selecionados estudos publicados entre os anos de 2011 e 2020, selecionados através dos bancos de dados: National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO). Foram empregados os descritores em língua inglesa e português: Agrotóxico OR Agrochemicals AND Depressão OR Depression AND “Água Potável” OR “Drinking Water” AND/OR Alimentos OR Food. Critérios de inclusão: artigos científicos com Qualis Capes em Saúde Coletiva acima de B3; trabalhos de conclusão de curso a nível de mestrado e doutorado. Resultados: Foram selecionados onze estudos que apontaram uma relação de causa-efeito entre a exposição humana aos agrotóxicos e os prejuízos à saúde mental, como: depressão, declínio cognitivo, ansiedade, fadiga, desequilíbrio emocional. Conclusão: Estudos apontam que o uso de defensivos agrícolas tem afetado a saúde humana. Evidencia-se a importância da conscientização do uso de Equipamento de Proteção Individual (EPI) e descarte correto das embalagens destes produtos. Sugere-se o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que apontem estratégias agrícolas mais sustentáveis em substituição aos pesticidas químicos, como o uso de biopesticidas.

In this study, logistic regression methodology has been used to identify and quantify the relationships between conformation and kinematic traits of young Brazilian Sport Horses on successful free jumps. The young horses ( n =108) aged 22–25; 23–32 and 36–39 months old (age Classes I, II and III) recorded on five attempt jumps in each age Class over a vertical fence that was 0.60, 0.80 and 1.05 m high, respectively. Jumps were recorded by a 100 Hz camera and analyzed by the Simi Reality Motion Systems® software. Traits were selected from a previous principal components analysis and used as independent traits in a logistic regression model. The most important traits for each age Class, from 45 independent traits presented in this study were selected as follows: 17 traits were selected for Class I; 19 for Class II; and 18 traits for Class III. On the logistic regression model to the Class I only the neck angle in the stance horses was significant. The logistic regression models to the Class II and III presented kinematic related traits that were significant, such as: last stride length prior to jumping, take-off distance, forelimb height at jumping, vertical distance between humeroradial and metacarpophalangeal joint, head angle, neck angle, femorotibial angle and vertical distance between the femorotibial and metatarsophalangeal joints. In conclusion, to increase the probability of a young horse jumping successfully, it is necessary to reduce stride length prior to the fence and to increase take-off distance, thus resulting in a higher height of forelimb over the fence and also to present smaller values of head and neck angles when jumping.

This study aimed to assess the degree of contamination of bulk tank milk (BTM) by Staphylococcus spp. and coliform bacteria and to identify major milking practices that help perpetuate them in dairy cattle herds in São Miguel Island. In July 2014, BTM was sampled and a survey concerning local milking practices was conducted on 100 herds. Semi quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction detected coagulase-negative staphylococci, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and other coliform bacteria (Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Serratia marcescens) in 100, 75, 59, and 35 % of BTM, respectively. According to multivariable univariate models, on herds not using hot water for cleaning the milking machine and teat liners, there was at least 3.4 more odds (P

Equine granulocytic anaplasmosis is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a gram negative, obligatory intracellular bacterium, member of Anaplasmataceae family, included in the Rickettsiales order. Little is known about the disease, transmission dynamics, genetic diversity and prevalence in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This work aimed to do a serosurvey using indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) test and evaluation of buffy coat smears, and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as diagnostic methods, to determine the disease situation in horses from two manga-larga marchador breeding farms located in the municipalities of Ataléia e São Vicente de Minas, in Minas Gerais state. It was found that 76% (131/172) of the animals were considered reactive for IFA test, and the total of 12.8% was positive at buffy coat smears analysis. At PCR analysis, it was found 1.94% of the samples positive to the infection. Those samples were sequenced and showed 96% of similarity to A. phagocytophilum from a Ixodes ricinus tick. There is a high frequency of animals with the evidence of contact to A. phagocytophilum on the two evaluated properties in this study, which was proved by positiveness in PCR analysis. New researches must be carried out to better understand the epidemiologic and clinical dynamic of the disease in the state of Minas Gerais. RESUMO: A anaplasmose granulocítica equina é causada por uma bactéria gram-negativa, intracelular obrigatória, membro da família Anaplasmataceae, incluída na ordem Rickettsiales e denominada de Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Pouco se sabe sobre a doença, sua dinâmica de transmissão, diversidade genética e prevalência em Minas Gerais, Brasil. Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar o levantamento sorológico utilizando a reação de imunofluorescência indireta, avaliação direta de capa leucocitária e nested reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) como métodos diagnósticos, a fim de avaliar a situação da doença em dois haras de criação de cavalos manga-larga marchador localizados nas cidades de Ataléia e São Vicente de Minas, no estado de Minas Gerais. Foi encontrada prevalência de 76% (131/172) de animais reativos para a reação de imunofluorescência indireta, quando todos os animais das duas propriedades e das duas coletas foram agrupados, e 12,8% dos animais foram positivos na avaliação da capa leucocitária. A reação de imunofluorescência indireta detectou 1,94% das amostras como positivas para o agente. Essas amostras foram submetidas ao sequenciamento de nucleotídeos, e foi observada similaridade de 96% com A. phagocytophilum proveniente de carrapatos Ixodes ricinus. Existe alta prevalência de animais positivos para a infecção por A. phagocytophilum, o que foi provado pela positividade dos animais à PCR. Novas pesquisas devem ser conduzidas a fim de entender a dinâmica epidemiológica e clínica da doença no estado de Minas Gerais.

EnglishThe aim of this study was to evaluate the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the treatment of myonecrosis induced by Bothrops alternatus venom in rats. Seventy-five male adult Wistar rats were divided into three experimental groups. G1 and G2 were injected in the gastrocnemius muscle with 120μg of B. alternatus venom, while G3 received 200μL of PBS only. Three days after the venom injection, 12 rats from G1 were treated with 5.0 x 106 MSC in PBS, whereas G2 and G3 rats received PBS. Every three days, blood and muscle samples of five animals from each group were taken for serum biochemical and pathological analyses. Histological examinations showed more intense muscle lesions following MSC treatment, characterized by disorganization and loss of muscle fibers, with focal necrosis and inflammatory infiltration by mononuclear cells. In conclusion, the use of MSC for the treatment of local damage caused by inoculation of B. alternatus venom impaired muscle regeneration and interfered in the healing process. Key words: Viperidae envenomation; stem cells; rats; myonecrosis; muscular repair portuguesO objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a utilizacao das celulas tronco mesenquimais (MSC) no tratamento da mionecrose induzida pelo veneno de Bothrops alternatus em ratos. 75 ratos Wistar adultos foram distribuidos em tres grupos experimentais. G1 e G2 receberam 120μg de veneno de B. alternatus, enquanto o G3 recebeu apenas 200μL de PBS. Tres dias apos a administracao do veneno, os ratos do grupo G1 foram tratados com 5.0 x 106 MSC, enquanto G2 e G3 receberam exclusivamente PBS. A cada tres dias, amostras de sangue e tecido muscular foram coletadas de cinco animais de cada grupo para avaliacao bioquimica serica e patologica, respectivamente. A analise histologica revelou lesao muscular mais intensa apos a aplicacao das MSC, caracterizada pela desorganizacao e perdas das fibras musculares, com necrose focal e infiltrado inflamatorio mononuclear. E possivel concluir que a utilizacao das MSC para o tratamento da lesao local causada pela inoculacao do veneno B. alternatus deteriorou a regeneracao muscular e interferiu com o processo de cicatrizacao. Palavras-chave: envenenamento por cobra; celulas tronco; ratos; mionecrose; reparacao muscular

This study focuses on the transition to higher education experienced by Portuguese freshman-year students, displaced and nondisplaced from their parents homes, residents on a peripheral island located in the south of Europe called Madeira island. To understand better how students perceive this transition, we collected their narratives and analyzed them with three instruments of analysis of narratives: Structure, Process and Content narrative manuals. The results were an indicator of the narrative enrichment of the students in this transition period. The findings indicate that there is no significant differences between the two groups of students in terms of narrative elaboration. The two groups scored low on narrative richness: in terms of content, structure and narrative process. This might be explained by the changes and reorganizations that the transition to higher education system implies, causing stress and confusion on students, that evolve into an impoverishment of their narratives about that trans...

This study was carried out to evaluate kinematics traits of young horses during free jumping regarding their success or not. One hundred and eight young Brazilian Sport Horses in five free jumpings attempts were record over a vertical obstacle of 0.60 m, 0.80 and 1.05 m height at 22-25 to 29-32 and 36-39 months of age, respectively. A total of 1.348 jumping attempts were recorded and evaluated. From these, 1.067 jumping were successful (79.1 %) and 281 were failure (20.9 %) (P

Objective: To evaluate the incremental efficacy of a Short Message Service (SMS) combined with a brief video intervention in increasing the effects of a health education intervention for cervical cancer prevention, over and beyond a video-alone intervention, with respect to key determinants of health behaviour change – knowledge, motivation and intention. Methodology: Quasi-experimental study design, comparing three conditions – control group, video intervention group and SMS + video intervention group. Participants were 144 Portuguese female college students allocated into one of the three experimental conditions. The effects of the health education interventions were assessed using a theoretically based multidimensional cancer prevention questionnaire. Data were collected at baseline and post-test. Results: Interventions significantly increased the key predictors of adhesion to cancer preventive behaviours. SMS contributed to increases in the expected directions. Evidence of the superiority in efficacy of the combined intervention (SMS + video) over the video-alone intervention was found for cervical cancer screening. Interventions were not as effective in improving intentions and more complex preventive practices such as sexual behaviour as they were in improving knowledge. Conclusion: Results are encouraging in that cervical cancer prevention knowledge and motivation appear modifiable via a one-session video preventive intervention. If, however, the development of intentions is an important predictor of effective behaviour change, study findings point to the added importance of an SMS-based strategy for improving specific cancer preventive behaviours. Findings reinforce the need for specific and tailored health education interventions according to the various determinants of behaviour change, as well as to the particular target behaviour with respect to cervical cancer prevention.

This study was carried out to estimate the repeatability of kinematics traits associated to the performance of free jumping young horses at three different ages. Free jumpings from 108 young horses were evaluated, resulting in a total of 1067 jumpings. All the animals were assessed at three age classes, at 22–25; 29–32 and 36–39 months of age, with five free jumping at each age classes over 0.60 m, 0.80 m and 1.05 m high a vertical fence, respectively. Eighteen horse׳s anatomical points were highlighted by reflective markers. Jumpings were recorded by a 100-Hz camera and analyzed by the Simi Reality Motion Systems® software. The repeatability ranged from 0.18 to 0.89 at the three age classes. The lowest repeatability value was obtained for the radial-metacarpal angle at 22–25 months of age, as well as, the highest repeatability value was obtained for the coxofemoral angle at 36–39 months of age. In general, the repeatability values were lower at the first age class, with younger animals and the obstacle was lower, and higher repeatability values at the last evaluation, with higher fence and older horses had already twice performed the experimental protocol. The highest repeatability values were obtained for the horse-conformation traits measured at the trunk. Scapulohumeral angle, coxofemoral angle, neck angle and landing distance required fewer jumpings for young horses׳s jumping ability, where other traits, such as last stride length prior to jumping, forelimbs heights at jumping and radial-metacarpal angle, required additional measurements.

This is a psychological clinical case study of a young male, who suffered from paruresis. His problematic narrative is about the fear of not being able to urinate in public toilets or in situations where others may be present or entered in the facility. This problem prevents him from living a normal life and affects his self-confidence. We present a comprehensive cognitive behavioral conceptualization of the problematic narrative and also we reflected on the therapeutic intervention process, its challenges and cognitive strategies. To date, he has progressively adopted more constructive alternative explanations around the problem and is changing the narrative he lives by. Additionally, he has felt more confident, partly due to the fact he can urinate outside the home more often and in different places, yet not all.

Adolescence is a challenging stage due to the multiple and rapid changes that occur. In this paper, we present a clinical case of a teen with anxiety and hypochondriac symptoms. The therapeutic treatment, ongoing, was provided in 16 sessions. The intervention was based on the assumption that health anxiety results from processes that maintain catastrophic interpretations that for itself increases anxiety. The principles of cognitive–behavioral and narrative therapy were applied in the intervention. The therapy involved providing psychoeducation, reducing the excessive focus given to the body, learning and training strategies to cope with anxiety, and constructing a life project. The case study shows the value of using metaphors as tools in the therapeutic process, and when facing life's challenges. Also, it shows the importance of using reading and writing exercises to promote change and adjustment.

The focus of this article is on bibliotherapy and child development. Particular attention is given to collaboration between psychologists and educators. The authors identify and discuss the benefits of bibliotherapy, provide guidelines for practice, and discuss implementation. Cautions, new directions, and particular issues relating to bibliotherapy in Portugal conclude this article.

blocked by gender and birth-weight and randomly allocated to two treatment groups: an interval dose program receiving bimonthly rotations of pyrantel pamoate and ivermectin beginning at two months of age and a daily deworming group receiving oxibendazole at two months of age, daily rations of pyrantel tartrate feed additive throughout the study, and moxidectin treatments at 9.5 and 16.5 months of age. In addition to collecting the performance parameters of monthly body weights and body condition scores, parasitological parameters, including preand posttreatment fecal egg counts (FEC) of Parascaris spp. and strongyle family parasites and calculated gel/paste dewormer efficacies were collected. Data were analyzed using mixed linear modeling. Ascarid and strongyle FECs were not statistically different between groups and were only significantly influenced by foal age; strongyle counts increased throughout the duration of the study and Parascaris spp. counts peaked at 4.5 months of age. Reduced efficacy of ivermectin and moxidectin against strongyles was observed on two farms respectivelywith consistently lowpyrantel pamoate efficacy on all three farms. Ivermectin also exhibited reduced Parascaris spp. efficacy. Monthly body weight converted to average daily gain was not significantly different between groups and was only significantly influenced by age, mirroring the average daily gain reference data for Kentucky Thoroughbreds born in 2013 generated by Kentucky Equine Research. Body condition scores remained in the optimal range (5-6) for the duration of the study and did not differ between groups. This maintenance of optimal performance parameters is likely due to both the excellent immuno-nutritional status of these well-managed horses and the generally low pathogenicity of these gastrointestinal parasites. Both measures of parasitological and performance parameters are useful in evaluating parasite control programs in maintenance of overall equine health.

Respiratory physiotherapy techniques for augmenting normal mucociliary clearance, lung expansion, and cough efficacy have been used for many years to treat patients with respiratory disorders. Inspiratory and expiratory muscle aids are devices and techniques that involve the manual or mechanical application of forces to the body or intermittent pressure changes to the airway to assist inspiratory or expiratory muscle function. In recent years, new technologies and more advanced techniques have been developed to be more comfortable and effective for airway clearance and lung expansion. Airway clearance refers to two separate, but connected, mechanisms: mucociliary clearance and cough efficacy. Mucociliary clearance refers to the escalator mechanism in which the ciliated respiratory epithelial cells beat, propelling a thin layer of mucus in the direction of the airway opening. The function of cough is to clear inhaled foreign materials captured in the mucociliary system, retained secretions, or excessive secretions associated with respiratory infection. Illness and death in patients with ventilatory failure is almost always due to respiratory difficulty that occurs because of a weak cough. Additionally, a weakened cough can further complicate pulmonary infection if the individual cannot adequately clear the increased mucous secretions associated with infection. This review describes comprehensive and practical aspects of respiratory physiotherapy (RPT) interventions in patients under mechanical ventilation. The goal of this chapter is to explore the potential of updated RPT techniques as a complement to noninvasive ventilation to promote a better quality of life in patients with respiratory disorders.

Background: The backstage of research projects is seldom presented to the general audience, in particular, how the research questions emerged, how the team interacted and how the methods and design were decided upon. Aim: In this paper we will recount the story behind an international practice-based research network for personalising health assessment, the joint journey of researchers and therapists from three different countries in creating the Individualised Patient-Progress System (IPPS). Results: We first describe how the idea of the IPPS emerged; then we show how IPPS is being piloted and integrated into clinical practice. Next, we present the views of therapists and researchers who have been part of this project. Conclusions: We discuss some lessons learned from this 14-year collaborative research programme.

Objetivou-se avaliar a morfologia de potros da raça Brasileiro de Hipismo, utilizando análise de imagens digitais e medidas de perímetros corporais para estimativa de índices corporais dos animais. As mensurações lineares e angulares foram obtidas utilizando imagens digitais dos potros com câmera acionada pelo aplicativo Simi Reality Motion Systems®. As medidas foram baseadas em pontos anatômicos realçados com 19 marcadores reflexivos. A análise estatística descritiva dos resultados foi realizada utilizando o programa SAS. Os potros estavam em crescimento, com aumento das medidas lineares de altura na cernelha e na garupa, comprimento do corpo, distância escápulo-metacarpofalângica e nos comprimentos do pescoço, da perna e do antebraço. Os ângulos úmero-radial, metacarpo-falângico, fêmoro-tibial, tíbio-metatarsico aumentaram com a idade, enquanto que os ângulos da cabeça, do pescoço, coxo-femoral, metatarso-falângico, escápulo-solo e coxo-solo foram variáveis entre os momentos de avaliação. Os potros foram classificados em mediolíneos e hipermétricos pelos índices Corporal e Dáctilo-torácico, respectivamente. A avaliação do crescimento dos potros foi possível através da imagem digital. This research aimed to evaluate the morphology of Brasileiro de Hipismo foals using digital image analysis and girth measurements to estimate body indexes of animals. The linear and angular measurements were obtained by digital images of the foals with camera triggered by Simi Reality Motion Systems®. The measures were based on anatomical landmarks highlighted with 19 reflective markers. A descriptive statistical analysis of the results was performed using the SAS program. The foals were growing, with increased linear measurements of height at withers and croup, body length, distance from shoulder-fetlock and neck length, leg length and forearm length. The angles humerus-radial, metacarpal-falangeano, femoro-tibial, tibio-metatarsal increased with age, whiles the angles of the head, neck, coxofemoral, metatarsal-falangeano, shoulder-floor and coxae-floor were variable among the periods. The foals were classified as medium shape and hypermetric by Corporal Index, Dactilo-thoracic Index, respectively. Assessment of growth of the foals was possible through a digital image.

Introduction The study of kinematic patterns of young jumping horses can help to improve selection. This study was carried out to predict free jumping success of young horses using logistic regression to model jumping kinematic variables. Methods 108 untrained young Brazilian Sport Horses of both genders were studied. Reflective skin markers were used to identify anatomical reference points. Five free jumps over a vertical obstacle (with a height of 60, 80 and 105 cm for age classes 22–25, 29–32 and 36–39 months, respectively) were recorded. A 100 Hz camera was used, and images were analyzed using Simi Reality Motion Systems®. Successful (n = 1,030) and unsuccessful (n = 200) jumps were analyzed and the following kinematic variables were preselected by principal components analysis and then used as independent variables: last stride length prior to jumping, jumping velocity, take-off distance, withers displacement at jumping, forelimb height at jumping, vertical distance between scapulohumeral and metacarpophalangeal joints, scapulohumeral, radial-metacarpal, tibiometatarsal and withers-fetlock angles. Results The effects of take-off distance, forelimb height at jumping and jumping velocity on the jumping result were significant (P = 0.0091). An increment of one centimeter in take-off distance and forelimb height led to an increase in the probability of success by 2.6% and 10.6%, respectively. An increase of one meter per second in jumping velocity led to a reduction in the probability of success by 27.8%. Conclusions Jumping success is influenced by take-off distance, jumping velocity and forelimb flexibility. Selection of young horses for superior jumping capacity can be aided by kinematic analysis, which may shorten training time and improve performance. Ethical Animal Research The research was approved by UFMG Ethics Committee on Animal Research: 267/2008. Explicit owner informed consent for participation in this study is not stated. Sources of funding: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG). Competing interests: none.

Objective: This ex vivo study compared coronal and apical microleakage of root canals filled with Resilon/Epiphany (RE) or gutta-percha/Grossman sealer (GP), using either lateral condensation (LC) or System B (SB) technique. Materials and Methods: Specimens in eight experimental groups were obturated using the following materials and techniques: Groups 1 and 3 - GP and LC; groups 2 and 4 - GP and SB; groups 5 and 7 - RE and LC; groups 6 and 8 - RE and SB. Apical and coronal leakages were tested using bacterial methods. For coronal analysis, the number of days required for complete contamination of the root canals was recorded according to observation of the brain heart infusion broth turbidity for 15 weeks. For apical analysis, the teeth were cleaved and the leakage was measured at 30 days. Data were collected for each sample and analyzed statistically with the Chi-square and ANOVA tests. Results: Leakage was found in all groups. The difference between filling materials, obturation techniques, and median time of leakage was not statistically significant for coronal ( P=0.847) and apical ( P=0.5789) leakages. Conclusion: There were no differences between the different filling materials (gutta-percha/Grossman sealer and Resilon/Epiphany) and obturation techniques (lateral condensation and system B technique) in coronal or apical leakages.

This work presents a clinical case, diagnosed with anxiety – panic disorder. The client is under a process of psychotherapy, more precisely cognitive narrative therapy. It s an approach that deals with narrative writing exercises that the client has to perform at home, after the therapy sessions. We discuss how it could be quite useful having a narrative mobile app to write them down. We present here these exercises and discuss how a new app could really engage and motivate even more the therapeutic change of clients doing cognitive narrative therapy. This is an interesting way to match technology and psychotherapy. To clarify what is cognitive narrative therapy and, how an app can be of such use to the work of a narrative therapist, is the main goal of this work. Cognitive narrative therapy advocates that, the more the person is aware of his five senses, his feelings and thoughts and how he can put them into narrative words and metaphors, the more his mind is free to live mentally healthy.