198 results on '"Lu, Yi"'
Search Results
2. Association between Rainfall and Stroke Admissions: Based on Distributional Lag Nonlinear Modeling
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ZENG Fanyan, YANG Xuezhi, LIU Xingyu, MO Jiali, LIU Zuting, LU Yi, YI Yingping, KUANG Jie
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stroke ,rainfall ,risk factors ,distributional lag nonlinear model ,hospital admissions ,climates and diseases ,jiangxi province ,Medicine - Abstract
Background Stroke is a chronic condition that seriously impairs human health. The correlation between rainfall and onset of stroke remains unclear. Objective To analyze the correlation between rainfall and stroke admissions in Nanchang City, and to provide scientific references for developing a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy for stroke. Methods Stroke admission data from Nanchang City (2015-2019) from the digital-related group (DRG) system of the Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission Information Center were collected. In addition, atmospheric pollutant data from the national urban air quality real-time release platform and meteorological data from the Nanchang meteorological base station were collected. Basic characteristics of stroke admission patients, air pollutants, and meteorological factors were analyzed. Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to identify the correlation of case number of stroke admissions with air pollutants and atmospheric factors. Distributional lag nonlinear model was used to explore the linkage between rainfall and stroke admissions. Stratified analysis was conducted based on gender and age (
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- 2024
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3. Application of the steroid profiling detecting by LC-MS/MS in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism
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GAO Yin-jie, XIE Shao-wei, LIU Shi-ying, LU Yi, ZHANG Fang, QIU Ling, TONG An-li
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primary aldosteronism ,liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ,steroid hormone spectrum ,18-oxocortisol ,18-hydroxycortisol ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective To explore the characteristics of steroid hormone spectrum in patients with primary aldoste- ronism (PA) and to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol. Methods Fifty-nine PA patients including 41 cases of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 18 cases of idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA)and 42 essential hypertension (EH) patients as control group diagnosed in Department of Endocrinology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2020 to November 2021 were enrolled in this study. The basic information and clinical characteristics of patients were collected and 8 kinds of steroid hormones,including mineral corticoids (pregnenolone,progesterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, 18-OH-corticoster-one) and aldosterone, and metabolites 18-oxocortisol as well as 18-hydroxycortisol were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).The differences of steroid hormone level from different groups were compared and their diagnostic efficacy was evaluated. Results The average level of progesterone in APA group was higher than that in EH group (P<0.05). The average level of 11-deoxycorticosterone in APA and IHA group was higher than that in EH group (both P<0.001). The average level of 18-OH-corticosterone in APA group was higher than that in EH group (P<0.001). The average level of aldosterone in APA and IHA group were higher than that in EH group(P<0.01). The average level of 18-oxocortisol in APA group was higher than that in IHA group and higher than that in EH group (all P<0.05). The average level of 18-hydroxycortisol in APA group was higher than that in EH group (P<0.001). As for the diagnostic efficiency of 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol differentiating PA from EH, when the cut-off value of 18-oxocortisol was 0.06 ng/mL, the sensitivity reached 74.6% with specificity as 88.1%; when the cut-off value of 18-hydroxycortisol was 1.44 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 71.2% and the specificity was 69.0%. As for the diagnostic efficiency of 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol recognizing APA, when the cut-off value of 18-oxocortisol was 0.11 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 73.2% and the specificity was 95.2%; when the cut-off value of 18-hydroxycortisol was 1.77 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 68.3% and the specificity was 78.6%. Conclusions The level of various steroid hormone precursors and metabolites in PA patients is significantly higher than those in EH patients. The detection of steroid hormone profiling by LC-MS/MS plays an important role in the diagnosis and typing of PA. In particular, 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol show unique advantages in the recognition of APA.
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- 2022
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4. Serotype Distribution, Virulence Determinants and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated from Young Infants
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Zhengjiang Jin, Juan Li, Haijian Zhou, Zhenhui Wang, Lu Yi, Nian Liu, Jiaxi Du, Chien-Yi Chang, and Wenjing Ji
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Group B Streptococcus ,serotype ,surface protein ,virulence determinants ,antibiotic resistance ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is the most common cause of serious infections in the first 3 months of life worldwide. The pathogenicity of GBS is closely related to serotypes, surface proteins and virulence factors, and the distribution of them may vary temporally and geographically. However, data related to GBS surface proteins and virulence determinants in China are very few. The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic characteristics of clinical GBS isolates from infected infants. Methods: We recovered GBS isolates from infected infants younger than 3 months during 2017–2021 at Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province in China. We assessed the GBS serotypes, surface proteins, virulence determinants and antibiotic resistance genes distribution, by Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole-genome sequencing analysis. Results: Among 97 isolates (81 EOD and 16 LOD), 5 serotypes were detected. Serotype III was the most represented (49.5%), followed by type Ib (20.6%). The isolates belonged to 17 different sequence types (STs) that grouped into the 8 clonal complexes (CCs). The most frequently identified ST was ST17 (23.7%). The most predominant surface protein of alpha-protein-like (alp) family (one of the protein components of the GBS surface antigen, resistant to trypsin) present was Rib (41.2%), which was mainly detected in serotype III. The srr1, which encodes Srr1 protein, was identified in 54.6% of isolates. The hvgA encoding for hypervirulent GBS adhesin can be detected in all 24 serotype III GBS. Among the pilus islands genes, 50% and 58.8% of the isolates were positive for pi-1 and pi-2a genes, respectively. The presence of pi-2b was mainly associated with serotype III/CC17 strains; 56.7% of isolates carried tetM, tetO/tetL, ermB antibiotic resistant genes. Among all the virulence genes detected, the cfb-cylE-lmb-pavA pattern was the main virulence gene profile (81.4%), mainly in serotype III/CC17. Conclusions: The whole genomic sequencing data revealed the high variation in surface proteins, determining virulence and antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates from 97 GBS infected infants. These data provide insightful characteristics of genetic features of GBS. Constant epidemiological surveillance is warranted to provide information on the GBS pathogenic dynamics and antibiotic resistance profiles in the surveyed areas for improving therapeutic outcomes.
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- 2022
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5. Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in the elderly: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
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Li Jiahao, Lu Yi-fan, and Li Jiajin
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Subgroup analysis ,Review Article ,Type 2 diabetes ,law.invention ,Insulin resistance ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,education ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Resistance training ,Insulin sensitivity ,medicine.disease ,Older adults ,Meta-analysis ,GV557-1198.995 ,business ,Sports - Abstract
Background/Objectives: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of resistance training in older adults on insulin sensitivity. Methods: Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO were searched from inception to April 2021. We integrated randomized controlled trials published in English, and participants were non-athletic and aged ≥60 years. The outcome of interest was the change in insulin sensitivity, derived from the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Results: 12 RCTs were included in this meta-analysis comparing resistance training (n = 232) with control (n = 209). Resistance exercise significantly reduced HOMA-IR level (d = −0.25, 95% CI, −0.43 to −0.06; P
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- 2021
6. The FOXM1/RNF26/p57 axis regulates the cell cycle to promote the aggressiveness of bladder cancer
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Wei Li, Wei Xiong, Kun Ye, Haixin Yu, Lu Yi, Haohui Wang, and Xin Jin
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Cancer Research ,Prognostic factor ,Bioinformatics analysis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunology ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Models, Biological ,Article ,Targeted therapy ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 ,Cell Proliferation ,Bladder cancer ,QH573-671 ,business.industry ,Cell Cycle ,Forkhead Box Protein M1 ,Cell Biology ,Oncogenes ,Cell cycle ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Neoplasm Proteins ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Molecular mechanism ,FOXM1 ,Cancer research ,Disease Progression ,business ,Cytology ,Protein Binding ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most lethal cancers in the world. Despite the continuous development of medical technologies and therapeutic strategies, the overall survival rate of bladder cancer has not changed significantly. Targeted therapy is a new promising method for bladder cancer treatment. Thus, an in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of bladder cancer is urgently needed to identify novel therapeutic candidates for bladder cancer. Here, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that RNF26 was one of the risk factors for bladder cancer. Then, we showed that RNF26 is abnormally upregulated in bladder cancer cells and tissues and that higher RNF26 expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor for bladder cancer. Moreover, we found that RNF26 promotes bladder cancer progression. In addition, we showed that RNF26 expression is promoted by FOXM1 at the transcriptional level through MuvB complex. The upregulated RNF26 in turn degrades p57 (CDKN1C) to regulate the cell cycle process. Collectively, we uncovered a novel FOXM1/RNF26/p57 axis that modulates the cell cycle process and enhances the progression of bladder cancer. Thus, the FOXM1/RNF26/p57 signaling axis could be a candidate target for the treatment of bladder cancer.
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- 2021
7. Tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism: a link between the gut and brain for depression in inflammatory bowel disease
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Li Ming Chen, Yan Huang, Di Wang, Huan Gan Wu, Chun Hui Bao, Lu Yi Wu, Yu Wu, Shi Hua Liang, and Hui Rong Liu
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,Immunology ,Population ,Review ,Disease ,Gastroenterology ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,IDO ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Brain-Gut Axis ,medicine ,The brain-gut axis ,Animals ,Humans ,Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase ,education ,RC346-429 ,Kynurenine ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Inflammation ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Depression ,General Neuroscience ,Tryptophan ,Quinolinic Acid ,Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Ulcerative colitis ,digestive system diseases ,Diarrhea ,Neurology ,chemistry ,Quality of Life ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Signal Transduction ,Quinolinic acid - Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which mainly includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a group of chronic bowel diseases that are characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools. IBD is strongly associated with depression, and its patients have a higher incidence of depression than the general population. Depression also adversely affects the quality of life and disease prognosis of patients with IBD. The tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway degrades more than 90% of tryptophan (TRP) throughout the body, with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the key metabolic enzyme, being activated in the inflammatory environment. A series of metabolites of the pathway are neurologically active, among which kynerunic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) are molecules of great interest in recent studies on the mechanisms of inflammation-induced depression. In this review, the relationship between depression in IBD and the tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway is overviewed in the light of recent publications.
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- 2021
8. Ferroptosis-related Genes for Overall Survival Prediction in Patients with Colorectal Cancer can be Inhibited by Gallic acid
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Hezhen Wu, Yanfang Yang, Peili Tang, Zongchao Hong, Xueyun Duan, Bo Liu, Ying Zhang, Chong Yuan, Chongwang Ran, and Lu Yi
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Necrosis ,Colorectal cancer ,Gallic acid ,Cell ,Biology ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Overall survival ,Animals ,Humans ,Ferroptosis ,Protein Interaction Maps ,Natural product ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Cell Biology ,HCT116 Cells ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Molecular Docking Simulation ,Gene expression profiling ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Case-Control Studies ,Cancer research ,Colitis, Ulcerative ,Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ,medicine.symptom ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,Developmental Biology ,Research Paper - Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most deadly malignant tumors, which seriously threatens human health. Ferroptosis, a new type of iron-dependent cell regulatory necrosis. Inducing ferroptosis of tumor cells is regarded as a potential treatment strategy. However, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in CRC remains to be further elucidated. Gallic acid, widely used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food fields, is a dietary supplement with potential prescription significance. In this study, the mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of CRC patients were downloaded from public databases. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to evaluate the expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes. In addition, bioinformatics analysis showed the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in CRC. Molecular docking predicts the binding status of gallic acid and ferroptosis-related genes. The experiment confirmed the correctness of the predicted results. Our results show that in the TCGA cohort, 30 ferroptosis-related genes are differentially expressed between CRC and adjacent normal tissues. Among them, eight differentially expressed genes are related to overall survival. Gallic acid can bind to ferroptosis-related targets and regulate the expression of corresponding proteins, and ferroptosis inhibitors reversed the experimental results. In summary, eight new ferroptosis-related genes can be used to predict the prognosis of CRC. Gallic acid can improve CRC by regulating ferroptosis.
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- 2021
9. The Expression and Role of microRNA-133a in Plasma of Patients with Kawasaki Disease
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Pengzhu Li, Lihua Huang, Ying Li, Lu Yi, Jiping Wu, Yeping Luo, Zuocheng Yang, Min Kong, Zhixiang Wu, Zhijuan Kang, and Meng Yu
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0301 basic medicine ,Immunology ,Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,microRNA ,Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ,medicine ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Child ,3' Untranslated Regions ,Microrna 133a ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Cadherins ,medicine.disease ,MicroRNAs ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Etiology ,Kawasaki disease ,business ,Systemic vasculitis - Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD)), also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS), is an autoimmune and systemic vasculitis syndrome. Its etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. microRNAs (miRNA), a novel class of small non-coding RNAs, regulate the expression of multiple protein-encoding genes at the post-transcriptional level. We intend to study the change of miRNA-133a in the plasma of patients with KD, explore the role of miRNA-133a on HUVEC and define the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction in KD. miRNA-133a expression and the mRNA and protein expression of protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP2CA) were assessed by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. The PPP2CA mRNA 3'UTR was predicted to be the potential target of miRNA-133a by using the miRNA databases and verified by the luciferase assay. The plasmids of miRNA-133a mimics and inhibitors were transfected into HUVEC cells. The plasma soluble vascular endothelial cadherin (sVE-cadherin, the excised extracellular part of VE-cadherin) levels were investigated by ELISA. The results suggested that miRNA-133a was increased by 3.8 times in the acute KD group and by 2.7 times in the convalescent KD group compared with the control group (both
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- 2021
10. Insect visual sensitivity to long wavelengths enhances colour contrast of insects against vegetation
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Lu-Yi Wang, Devi Stuart-Fox, Geoff Walker, Nicholas W. Roberts, and Amanda M. Franklin
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Multidisciplinary ,Victoria ,Ecology ,genetic structures ,Pigmentation ,Science ,Evolutionary ecology ,Models, Biological ,Article ,eye diseases ,Coleoptera ,Medicine ,Animals ,Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate ,Herbivory ,sense organs ,Color Perception ,Ecosystem - Abstract
The sensitivity of animal photoreceptors to different wavelengths of light strongly influence the perceived visual contrast of objects in the environment. Outside of the human visual wavelength range, ultraviolet sensitivity in many species provides important and behaviourally relevant visual contrast between objects. However, at the opposite end of the spectrum, the potential advantage of red sensitivity remains unclear. We investigated the potential benefit of long wavelength sensitivity by modelling the visual contrast of a wide range of jewel beetle colours against flowers and leaves of their host plants to hypothetical insect visual systems. We find that the presence of a long wavelength sensitive photoreceptor increases estimated colour contrast, particularly of beetles against leaves. Moreover, under our model parameters, a trichromatic visual system with ultraviolet (λmax = 355 nm), short (λmax = 445 nm) and long (λmax = 600 nm) wavelength photoreceptors performed as well as a tetrachromatic visual system, which had an additional medium wavelength photoreceptor (λmax = 530 nm). When we varied λmax for the long wavelength sensitive receptor in a tetrachromatic system, contrast values between beetles, flowers and leaves were all enhanced with increasing λmax from 580 nm to at least 640 nm. These results suggest a potential advantage of red sensitivity in visual discrimination of insect colours against vegetation and highlight the potential adaptive value of long wavelength sensitivity in insects.
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- 2022
11. Longitudinal Dynamics of the Neutralizing Antibody Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection
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Ailong Huang, Haijun Deng, Jie Hu, Quanxin Long, Changlong He, Guiji Zhang, Juan Chen, Qingzhu Gao, Lu-Yi Huang, Jieli Hu, Kai Wang, and Ni Tang
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,biology ,business.industry ,Stem cell factor ,medicine.disease_cause ,Immunoglobulin G ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Titer ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Infectious Diseases ,Interquartile range ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Antibody ,Neutralizing antibody ,business ,Coronavirus - Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no licensed vaccine or specific antiviral agents for therapy. Little is known about the longitudinal dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in patients with COVID-19. Methods Blood samples (n = 173) were collected from 30 patients with COVID-19 over a 3-month period after symptom onset and analyzed for SARS-CoV-2–specific NAbs using the lentiviral pseudotype assay, coincident with the levels of IgG and proinflammatory cytokines. Results SARS-CoV-2–specific NAb titers were low for the first 7–10 days after symptom onset and increased after 2–3 weeks. The median peak time for NAbs was 33 days (interquartile range [IQR], 24–59 days) after symptom onset. NAb titers in 93.3% (28/30) of the patients declined gradually over the 3-month study period, with a median decrease of 34.8% (IQR, 19.6–42.4%). NAb titers increased over time in parallel with the rise in immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels, correlating well at week 3 (r = 0.41, P < .05). The NAb titers also demonstrated a significant positive correlation with levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines, including stem cell factor (SCF), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Conclusions These data provide useful information regarding dynamic changes in NAbs in patients with COVID-19 during the acute and convalescent phases.
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- 2020
12. Using Artificial Intelligence to Detect COVID-19 and Community-acquired Pneumonia Based on Pulmonary CT: Evaluation of the Diagnostic Accuracy
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Lixin Qin, Qi-Zhong Xu, Qi Song, Zhenghan Fang, Xin Wang, Jun Xia, Junjie Bai, Lu Yi, Xisheng Fang, Bin Kong, Daliang Liu, Juan Xia, Guisheng Wang, Youbing Yin, Lin Li, Shiqin Zhang, Kunlin Cao, and Zeguo Xu
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Adult ,Male ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Thoracic Imaging ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Betacoronavirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,COVID-19 Testing ,Deep Learning ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,0302 clinical medicine ,Community-acquired pneumonia ,Artificial Intelligence ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Pandemics ,Letter to the Editor ,Original Research ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Receiver operating characteristic ,Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Coronavirus ,Community-Acquired Infections ,Pneumonia ,ROC Curve ,Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ,Female ,Tomography ,Differential diagnosis ,Coronavirus Infections ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,Nuclear medicine - Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has widely spread all over the world since the beginning of 2020. It is desirable to develop automatic and accurate detection of COVID-19 using chest CT. Purpose To develop a fully automatic framework to detect COVID-19 using chest CT and evaluate its performance. Materials and Methods In this retrospective and multicenter study, a deep learning model, the COVID-19 detection neural network (COVNet), was developed to extract visual features from volumetric chest CT scans for the detection of COVID-19. CT scans of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and other non-pneumonia abnormalities were included to test the robustness of the model. The datasets were collected from six hospitals between August 2016 and February 2020. Diagnostic performance was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity. Results The collected dataset consisted of 4352 chest CT scans from 3322 patients. The average patient age (±standard deviation) was 49 years ± 15, and there were slightly more men than women (1838 vs 1484, respectively; P = .29). The per-scan sensitivity and specificity for detecting COVID-19 in the independent test set was 90% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 83%, 94%; 114 of 127 scans) and 96% (95% CI: 93%, 98%; 294 of 307 scans), respectively, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.96 (P < .001). The per-scan sensitivity and specificity for detecting CAP in the independent test set was 87% (152 of 175 scans) and 92% (239 of 259 scans), respectively, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.97). Conclusion A deep learning model can accurately detect coronavirus 2019 and differentiate it from community-acquired pneumonia and other lung conditions. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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- 2020
13. Flexible and stretchable polymer optical fibers for chronic brain and vagus nerve optogenetic stimulations in free-behaving animals
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Cheng Zhong, Lu Yi, Pan Suwan, Jianyu Huang, Yan Mengying, Liping Wang, Cao Yi, and Sun Chongyang
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QH301-705.5 ,Polymers ,Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Flexible optical fibers ,Mice, Transgenic ,Stimulation ,Plant Science ,Optogenetics ,Biology ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Mice ,Structural Biology ,medicine ,Animals ,Premovement neuronal activity ,Biology (General) ,Optical Fibers ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Brain ,Anxiety-like behavior ,Vagus Nerve ,Cell Biology ,Vagus nerve ,Brain stimulation ,Primary motor cortex ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Vagus nerve stimulation ,Neuroscience ,Research Article ,Developmental Biology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background Although electrical stimulation of the peripheral and central nervous systems has attracted much attention owing to its potential therapeutic effects on neuropsychiatric diseases, its non-cell-type-specific activation characteristics may hinder its wide clinical application. Unlike electrical methodologies, optogenetics has more recently been applied as a cell-specific approach for precise modulation of neural functions in vivo, for instance on the vagus nerve. The commonly used implantable optical waveguides are silica optical fibers, which for brain optogenetic stimulation (BOS) are usually fixed on the skull bone. However, due to the huge mismatch of mechanical properties between the stiff optical implants and deformable vagal tissues, vagus nerve optogenetic stimulation (VNOS) in free-behaving animals continues to be a great challenge. Results To resolve this issue, we developed a simplified method for the fabrication of flexible and stretchable polymer optical fibers (POFs), which show significantly improved characteristics for in vivo optogenetic applications, specifically a low Young’s modulus, high stretchability, improved biocompatibility, and long-term stability. We implanted the POFs into the primary motor cortex of C57 mice after the expression of CaMKIIα-ChR2-mCherry detected frequency-dependent neuronal activity and the behavioral changes during light delivery. The viability of POFs as implantable waveguides for VNOS was verified by the increased firing rate of the fast-spiking GABAergic interneurons recorded in the left vagus nerve of VGAT-ChR2 transgenic mice. Furthermore, VNOS was carried out in free-moving rodents via chronically implanted POFs, and an inhibitory influence on the cardiac system and an anxiolytic effect on behaviors was shown. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of the use of POFs in chronic optogenetic modulations in both of the central and peripheral nervous systems, providing new information for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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- 2021
14. Deep Learning Plus Three-Dimensional Printing in the Management of Giant (>15 cm) Sporadic Renal Angiomyolipoma: An Initial Report
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Yunliang Gao, Yuanyuan Tang, Da Ren, Shunhua Cheng, Yinhuai Wang, Lu Yi, and Shuang Peng
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kidney ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Angiomyolipoma ,partial nephrectomy ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Renal function ,Subgroup analysis ,medicine.artery ,giant ,medicine ,three-dimensional printing ,Renal artery ,RC254-282 ,Original Research ,Kidney ,business.industry ,Medical record ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,deep learning ,medicine.disease ,Nephrectomy ,angiomyolipoma ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,business ,Renal angiomyolipoma - Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and effectivity of deep learning (DL) plus three-dimensional (3D) printing in the management of giant sporadic renal angiomyolipoma (RAML).MethodsThe medical records of patients with giant (>15 cm) RAML were retrospectively reviewed from January 2011 to December 2020. 3D visualized and printed kidney models were performed by DL algorithms and 3D printing technology, respectively. Patient demographics and intra- and postoperative outcomes were compared between those with 3D-assisted surgery (3D group) or routine ones (control group).ResultsAmong 372 sporadic RAML patients, 31 with giant ones were eligible for analysis. The median age was 40.6 (18–70) years old, and the median tumor size was 18.2 (15–28) cm. Seventeen of 31 (54.8%) had a surgical kidney removal. Overall, 11 underwent 3D-assisted surgeries and 20 underwent routine ones. A significant higher success rate of partial nephrectomy (PN) was noted in the 3D group (72.7% vs. 30.0%). Patients in the 3D group presented a lower reduction in renal function but experienced a longer operation time, a greater estimated blood loss, and a higher postoperative morbidity. Subgroup analysis was conducted between patients undergoing PN with or without 3D assistance. Despite no significant difference, patients with 3D-assisted PN had a slightly larger tumor size and higher nephrectomy score, possibly contributing to a relatively higher rate of complications. However, 3D-assisted PN lead to a shorter warm ischemia time and a lower renal function loss without significant difference. Another subgroup analysis between patients under 3D-assisted PN or 3D-assisted RN showed no statistically significant difference. However, the nearness of tumor to the second branch of renal artery was relatively shorter in 3D-assisted PN subgroup than that in 3D-assisted RN subgroup, and the difference between them was close to significant.Conclusions3D visualized and printed kidney models appear to be additional tools to assist operational management and avoid a high rate of kidney removal for giant sporadic RAMLs.
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- 2021
15. MYO5B-associated diseases: Novel liver-related variants and genotype-phenotype correlation
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Yong-Feng Yang, Hong-Mei Xu, Wen-Xian Ouyang, Yi-Ling Qiu, Jing Zhu, Xin-Bao Xie, Qinghe Xing, Lu Yi, Jian-She Wang, Shuang-Jie Li, and Li Wang
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Genetics ,Hepatology ,Myosin Heavy Chains ,Myosin Type V ,Disease ,Cholestasis, Intrahepatic ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Phenotype ,Frameshift mutation ,Exon ,Cholestasis ,Liver ,Mucolipidoses ,Genotype ,Mutation ,medicine ,Missense mutation ,Humans ,splice ,Genetic Association Studies - Abstract
Background & aims Biallelic pathogenic variants in MYO5B cause microvillus inclusion disease (MVID), or familial intrahepatic cholestasis (FIC). The reported FIC patients are scarce and so the genotype-phenotype correlation has not been fully characterised. This study aimed to report more MYO5B-associated FIC patients and correlate genotypes to phenotypes in more detail. Methods The phenotype and genetic data of 12 newly diagnosed MYO5B-associated (including 11 FIC) patients, as well as 118 previously reported patients with available genotypes, were summarised. Only patients with biallelic MYO5B variants were enrolled. Nonsense, frameshift, canonical splice sites, initiation codon loss, and single exon or multiexon deletion were defined as null MYO5B variants. Results Phenotypically, 50 were isolated MVID, 47 involved both liver and intestine (combined), and 33 were isolated FIC (9 persistent, 15 recurrent, 3 transient, and 6 un-sub-classified) patients. The severity of intestinal manifestation was positively correlated to an increased number of null variants (ρ = 0.299, P = .001). All FIC patients carried at least one non-null variant, and the severity of cholestasis was correlated to the presence of a null variant (ρ = 0.420, P = .029). The proportion of FIC patients (16/29, 55%) harbouring missense/in-frame variants affecting the non-motor regions of MYO5B was significantly higher than that of MVID (3/25, 12%, P = .001) and combined patients (3/31, 10%, P = .000). 10 of the 29 FIC patients harboured missense/in-frame variants at the IQ motifs comparing to none in the 56 MVID and combined patients (P = .000). Conclusions The phenotype of MYO5B deficiency was associated with MYO5B genotypes, the nullity or the domain affected.
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- 2021
16. Crohn’s Disease Treated by Chinese Medicine
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Siyi Lv, Xiaomei Wang, Lu-Yi Wu, Mei Li, and Huangan Wu
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Crohn's disease ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSTORAGEANDRETRIEVAL ,Traditional Chinese medicine ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business ,GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries) ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease with variable clinical symptoms, it can affect the whole gastrointestinal tract from the oral cavity to the anus and lead to lower quality of life and greater social and economicloss. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history and is unique characteristic by the theory of overall concept and treatment based on syndrome differentiation, it should be an important part of world medicine. This chapter introduces the research advance of Crohn’s disease in TCM, including its name, location, etiology and pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation, therapeutic criteria, treatment methods and other contents. The mechanism of TCM treatment of Crohn’s disease remains to be further studied.
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- 2021
17. Theoretical modeling and chatter prediction for the whirling process of airfoil blades with consideration of asymmetric FRF and material removal
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Riliang Liu, Xin-Feng Liu, Lu-Yi Han, and Jiaming Feng
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Airfoil ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Frequency response ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Propeller ,Stiffness ,Material removal ,Natural frequency ,02 engineering and technology ,Structural engineering ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Computer Science Applications ,Vibration ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Modal ,Machining ,Control and Systems Engineering ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Software - Abstract
Invented decades ago, whirling is a machining process primarily employed for producing helical surfaces. In view of its cost-effectiveness, this paper proposes to adapt the whirling process for manufacturing airfoil blades. Considering that chatter often occurs during the whirling process due to the low stiffness of blade workpiece, which impairs the machining quality, theoretical issues in relation to chatter and its prediction for the blade whirling process are investigated. Firstly, the principle of blade whirling is briefly introduced and vibration components in the cutter-workpiece system are analyzed in order to identify the characteristics of blade whirling and establish a reasonable dynamic model. Then, a theoretical model for stability prediction in blade whirling is presented and verified, which fully considers the geometric immersion of the whirling cutter and the dynamic parameters of the workpiece system. In order to ensure accuracy of the prediction results, non-symmetric frequency response function (FRF) matrices are adopted in modeling the system and identifying the modal parameters. After that, the effect of material removal on machining stability is examined. Since a large proportion of material is to be removed, the whirling operation is divided into several steps for exploration. The results show that the material removal changes the natural frequency and modal shape of the system which causes the variation of the limit on cutting depth. Finally, the proposed approach is verified with a scaled propeller blade being machined as a case study.
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- 2019
18. The role of radical prostatectomy and definitive external beam radiotherapy in combined treatment for high-risk prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Xu Cheng, Zhi-Hui Wang, Yinhuai Wang, Jia-Wen Chen, Lei Yi, Yijian Li, Lu Yi, Mou Peng, Zhichao Huang, and Wen-Zhi Luo
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Oncology ,Male ,Risk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,high risk ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,survival ,Disease-Free Survival ,law.invention ,Androgen deprivation therapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,External beam radiotherapy ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Prostatectomy ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Radiotherapy ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Androgen Antagonists ,General Medicine ,Publication bias ,prostatectomy ,prostatic neoplasms ,radiotherapy ,Prostate-Specific Antigen ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,medicine.disease ,Survival Rate ,Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ,Meta-analysis ,Original Article ,Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ,Neoplasm Grading ,business - Abstract
The first-line treatment options for high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) are definitive external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with or without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radical prostatectomy (RP) with or without adjuvant therapies. However, few randomized trials have compared the survival outcomes of these two treatments. To systematically evaluate the survival outcomes of high-risk PCa patients treated with EBRT- or RP-based therapy, a comprehensive and up-to-date meta-analysis was performed. A systematic online search was conducted for randomized or observational studies that investigated biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and/or overall survival (OS), in relation to the use of RP or EBRT in patients with high-risk PCa. The summary hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated under the random effects models. We identified heterogeneity between studies using Q tests and measured it using I2 statistics. We evaluated publication bias using funnel plots and Egger's regression asymmetry tests. Seventeen studies (including one randomized controlled trial [RCT]) of low risk of bias were selected and up to 9504 patients were pooled. When comparing EBRT-based treatment with RP-based treatment, the pooled HRs for bRFS, CSS, and OS were 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24–0.67), 1.36 (95% CI: 0.94–1.97), and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.18–1.62), respectively. Better OS for RP-based treatment and better bRFS for EBRT-based treatment have been identified, and there was no significant difference in CSS between the two treatments. RP-based treatment is recommended for high-risk PCa patients who value long-term survival, and EBRT-based treatment might be a promising alternative for elderly patients.
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- 2019
19. Potential of Gd-EOB-DTPA as an imaging biomarker for liver injury estimation after radiation therapy
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Shuanghu Yuan, Lei Xing, Xue Jiang, Shusen Zheng, Yu Kuang, Xiao-Li Sun, Jinming Yu, and Lu-Yi Bu
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Gadolinium DTPA ,Male ,Imaging biomarker ,medicine.drug_class ,Bilirubin ,Gadolinium ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Contrast Media ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Radiation Dosage ,Multimodal Imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Liver Function Tests ,Predictive Value of Tests ,medicine ,Humans ,Distribution (pharmacology) ,Radiation Injuries ,Aged ,Liver injury ,Radiotherapy ,Hepatology ,Bile acid ,business.industry ,Liver Diseases ,Liver Neoplasms ,Gastroenterology ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Radiation therapy ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Liver function ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,Nuclear medicine - Abstract
Hepatic radiation injury severely restricts irradiation treatment for liver carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical application of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI) in the assessment of liver function after external radiation therapy and to determine the relationship between focal liver reaction (FLR) and liver function.A total of 47 patients with liver malignancies who underwent external beam radiation therapy were enrolled. EOB-MRI was performed on each patient at approximately one month post-radiotherapy. The hepatobiliary (HPB) phase images from EOB-MRI were fused with the planning CT images, and the isodose lines from the patients' treatment plans were overlaid onto the fused images. The correlation of the EOB-MR image intensity distribution with the isodose lines was studied. We also compared liver function in patients between pre-treatment and post-treatment.Decreased uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA, which was manifested by well-demarcated focal hypointensity of the liver parenchyma or FLR to high-dose radiation, was observed in the irradiated areas of 38 patients. The radiotherapy isodose line of decreased uptake area of Gd-EOB-DTPA was 30-46 Gy. The median corresponding dose curve of FLR was 34.4 Gy. Nine patients showed the absence of decreased uptake area of Gd-EOB-DTPA in the irradiated areas. Compared to the 38 patients with the presence of decreased uptake area of Gd-EOB-DTPA, 9 patients with the absence of decreased uptake area of Gd-EOB-DTPA showed significant higher levels of total bile acid, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein (P 0.05). There were no significant differences in alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase or albumin levels between the two groups (P 0.05).Visible uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA by the liver parenchyma was significantly associated with liver function parameters. EOB-MRI can be a valuable imaging biomarker for the assessment of liver parenchyma function outside of radiation area.
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- 2019
20. Aberrant DNA methylation of synaptophysin is involved in adrenal cortisol-producing adenoma
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Feng Wu, Xiao Lin, Rong-Rong Cui, En Zhou, Fuxingzi Li, Ling-Qing Yuan, Ting Zhu, Jia-Yu Zhong, Lu Yi, and Feng Xu
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Cortisol secretion ,Adult ,Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adenoma ,Hydrocortisone ,Synaptophysin ,Biology ,Dioxygenases ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Internal medicine ,adrenal cortisol-producing adenoma ,Cell Line, Tumor ,microRNA ,medicine ,Humans ,heterocyclic compounds ,DNA methylation ,Cell Biology ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Hedgehog signaling pathway ,Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms ,Up-Regulation ,MicroRNAs ,Endocrinology ,Gene Knockdown Techniques ,Adrenocortical Adenoma ,Gene Targeting ,biology.protein ,cardiovascular system ,Female ,Signal transduction ,Research Paper ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Cortisol-producing adenoma (CPA) is the main cause of Adrenal Cushing syndrome. However, its molecular mechanism is not fully understood. Previous study revealed Synaptophysin (SYP) is ubiquitously expressed in adrenocortical tumors, but its function in CPA still need to be discovered. In the present study we determine the molecular mechanism involved in SYP dysregulation in CPA and how SYP affects the secretion of cortisol in CPA. Our results showed that aberrant DNA methylation of SYP is involved in CPA progress. Using a miRNA microarray and qRT-PCR, we found decreased expression of miR-27a-5p in CPA compared with normal adrenal tissue. Moreover, the expression of TET3, the target gene of miR-27a-5p, increased in CPA compared with normal adrenal tissue. Knock-down of TET3 resulted in hypermethylation of SYP which reducing the expression level of SYP in H295R cells. The miR-27a-5p-TET3-SYP signalling pathway may regulate proliferation and cortisol secretion in H295R cells and, thus, play a key role in CPA development.
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- 2019
21. Reveals of candidate active ingredients in Justicia and its anti-thrombotic action of mechanism based on network pharmacology approach and experimental validation
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Ting Zhang, Ying Zhang, Hezhen Wu, Lu Yi, Yunfeng Yao, Yanfang Yang, Zongchao Hong, Bo Liu, and Zhou-Tao Xie
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Blood Platelets ,Male ,rac1 GTP-Binding Protein ,ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B ,Molecular biology ,Computer science ,Science ,Mechanism based ,Drug development ,Computational biology ,Lignans ,Article ,Mice ,Fibrinolytic Agents ,Interaction network ,Justicia ,Network pharmacology ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,Protein Interaction Maps ,KEGG ,Inhibitory effect ,Cells, Cultured ,Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 ,Active ingredient ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Multidisciplinary ,Drug discovery ,Mechanism (biology) ,Dioxolanes ,Experimental validation ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ,Chemokine CXCL12 ,Computational biology and bioinformatics ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ,Medicine - Abstract
Thrombotic diseases seriously threaten human life. Justicia, as a common Chinese medicine, is usually used for anti-inflammatory treatment, and further studies have found that it has an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. Therefore, it can be inferred that Justicia can be used as a therapeutic drug for thrombosis. This work aims to reveal the pharmacological mechanism of the anti-thrombotic effect of Justicia through network pharmacology combined with wet experimental verification. During the analysis, 461 compound targets were predicted from various databases and 881 thrombus-related targets were collected. Then, herb-compound-target network and protein–protein interaction network of disease and prediction targets were constructed and cluster analysis was applied to further explore the connection between the targets. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway (KEGG) enrichment were used to further determine the association between target proteins and diseases. Finally, the expression of hub target proteins of the core component and the anti-thrombotic effect of Justicia’s core compounds were verified by experiments. In conclusion, the core bioactive components, especially justicidin D, can reduce thrombosis by regulating F2, MMP9, CXCL12, MET, RAC1, PDE5A, and ABCB1. The combination of network pharmacology and the experimental research strategies proposed in this paper provides a comprehensive method for systematically exploring the therapeutic mechanism of multi-component medicine.
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- 2021
22. Gut Microbiome Alterations In Ulcerative Colitis And After Moxibustion Intervention
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Huirong Liu, Xiaomei Wang, Qin Qi, Lu-Yi Wu, Yanan Liu, Huangan Wu, Zhan Cao, Lin-Shuang Zhang, and Siyi Lv
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Intervention (counseling) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Moxibustion ,business ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Ulcerative colitis ,Gut microbiome - Abstract
Background: Recent studies have shown that the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is closely related to the gut microbiota. Moxibustion, a common treatment in traditional Chinese medicine, is the burning of the herb moxa over acupuncture points. Moxibustion has been used to improve the inflammation and gastrointestinal dysfunctions in gastrointestinal disorders such as UC. In this study, we investigated whether moxibustion could improve the gut microbial dysbiosis induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS).Methods: Twenty-five male rats were randomly assigned into five groups: normal (NG), UC model (UC), moxibustion (UC+MOX), mesalazine (UC+MES), and normal rats with moxibustion (NG+MOX). The UC rat model was established by administering DSS solution. The rats in the UC+MOX and NG+MOX groups were treated with moxibustion at Tianshu (bilateral, ST25) points once daily for 7 consecutive days, and the UC+MES group rats were treated with mesalazine once daily for 7 consecutive days. After intervention, gut microbiota profiling was conducted by metagenomic high throughput sequencing technology. The gut microbiota composition, diversity and function were analyzed and compared using metagenomics methodologies.Results: The most abundant phyla of five groups were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Moxibustion treatment increased abundance levels of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Ascomycota, Synergistetes and decreased abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria. At the genus level, the abundance of Bacteroides, Bacteroides_bacterium_M7, Prevotella, Bacteroidales_bacterium_H2, were increased and Bacteroides_bacterium_H3, Parabacteroides, Porphyromonas, Alistipes, Parasutterella were decreased in the UC group in comparsion with those in the NG group. Moxibustion increased the abundance of Bacteroides and Bacteroides_bacterium_H3 and decreased Bacteroides_bacterium_M7, Prevotella, Bacteroidales_bacterium_H2. In addition, compare with the NG group, genes involved in certain metabolic pathways, such as energy production and conversion, amino acid transport and metabolism, nucleotide transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, replication, recombination and repair, were under-represented in the UC group, and these changes in the metabolic pathways could be reversed by moxibustion treatment and mesalazine treatment.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that moxibustion treatment may protect the host from mucosal inflammation by modulating the intestinal microbiota community.
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- 2021
23. Integrated Analysis of a Competing Endogenous RNA Network Reveals a Prognostic lncRNA Signature in Bladder Cancer
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Xu Cheng, Yinhuai Wang, Wei Xiong, Lu Yi, and Mou Peng
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0301 basic medicine ,ceRNA network ,Cancer Research ,Computational biology ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,nomogram ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Expression pattern ,microRNA ,medicine ,RC254-282 ,Original Research ,Bladder cancer ,MiRTarBase ,Competing endogenous RNA ,lncRNA signature ,RNA ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Nomogram ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,bladder cancer ,prognosis ,Carcinogenesis - Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to regulate mRNA expression through sponging microRNA in tumorigenesis and progression. However, following the discovery of new RNA interaction, the differentially expressed RNAs and ceRNA regulatory network are required to update. Our study comprehensively analyzed the differentially expressed RNA and corresponding ceRNA network and thus constructed a potentially predictive tool for prognosis. “DESeq2” was used to perform differential expression analysis. Two hundred and six differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, 222 DE miRNAs, and 2,463 DE mRNAs were found in this study. The lncRNA-mRNA interactions in the miRcode database and the miRNA-mRNA interactions in the starBase, miRcode, and mirTarBase databases were searched, and a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network with 186 nodes and 836 interactions was subsequently constructed. Aberrant expression patterns of lncRNA NR2F1-AS1 and lncRNA AC010168.2 were evaluated in two datasets (GSE89006, GSE31684), and real-time polymerase chain reaction was also performed to validate the expression pattern. Furthermore, we found that these two lncRNAs were independent prognostic biomarkers to generate a prognostic lncRNA signature by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. According to the lncRNA signature, patients in the high-risk group were associated with a poor prognosis and validated by an external dataset. A novel genomic-clinicopathologic nomogram to improve prognosis prediction of bladder cancer was further plotted and calibrated. Our study deepens the understanding of the regulatory ceRNA network and provides an easy-to-do genomic-clinicopathological nomogram to predict the prognosis in patients with bladder cancer.
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- 2021
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24. Epigenetic Regulation of Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Macrophage in Chronic Liver Inflammation
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Fangzhou Jiao, Maohua Pei, Yao Wang, Chunxia Shi, Jin Guo, Wei Deng, Qian Chen, Luwen Wang, Lu-Yi Zhang, Pan Cao, and Zuojiong Gong
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0301 basic medicine ,Physiology ,Inflammation ,Review ,macrophage ,liver ,epigenetic regulation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Liver disease ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physiology (medical) ,medicine ,QP1-981 ,Macrophage ,Epigenetics ,Pathological ,hepatic stellate cell ,Liver injury ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Hepatic stellate cell activation ,030104 developmental biology ,inflammation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatic stellate cell ,Cancer research ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Chronic liver inflammation is a complex pathological process under different stress conditions, and the roles of stellate cells and macrophages in chronic liver inflammation have been widely reported. Moderate liver inflammation can protect the liver from damage and facilitate the recovery of liver injury. However, an inflammatory response that is too intense can result in massive death of hepatocytes, which leads to irreversible damage to the liver parenchyma. Epigenetic regulation plays a key part in liver inflammation. This study reviews the regulation of epigenetics on stellate cells and macrophages to explore the new mechanisms of epigenetics on liver inflammation and provide new ideas for the treatment of liver disease.
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- 2021
25. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase improved erectile dysfunction in rats with type 1 diabetes
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Jiaqi Kang, Lu Yi, Li Liu, Kang Liu, Kechong Zhou, Shangren Wang, Xiao Wang, Yuxuan Song, and Xiaoqiang Liu
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urology ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Nitric Oxide ,medicine.disease_cause ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Erectile Dysfunction ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Animals ,Risk factor ,Type 1 diabetes ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,biology ,business.industry ,Penile Erection ,General Medicine ,Streptozotocin ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Nitric oxide synthase ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Erectile dysfunction ,biology.protein ,business ,Oxidative stress ,Penis ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), which is closely related to microvascular dysfunction, is a risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). Furthermore, the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is associated with systemic vascular dysfunction in rats with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of iNOS in diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction (DMED). First, we developed a type 1 DM rat model using streptozotocin and selected those that developed DMED. Then, we injected these rats with the 1400W, an iNOS inhibitor, for 10 weeks and subsequently assessed their ED. Lastly, we performed various molecular studies and histopathological analyses of penile tissues collected from these rats after the experiments. Through the histopathological studies, we also found that the treatment restored the ratios of the smooth muscle to collagen fibres, delayed the development of microvascular injury and alleviated the oxidative stress caused by hyperglycaemia. Based on these results, we confirmed that upregulation of iNOS leads to microvascular dysfunction in patients with ED. Overall, we found that inhibition of iNOS displayed beneficial effects in the treatment of ED, suggesting that its mechanism should be further explored.
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- 2021
26. Genetic Spectrum and Clinical Characteristics of 3β-hydroxy-Δ5-C27-steroid Oxidoreductase (HSD3B7) Deficiency in China
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Kenneth D.R. Setchell, Ling-Juan Fang, Jing-Yu Gong, Jian-She Wang, Ying Gong, Yinghua Sun, James E. Heubi, Xin-Bao Xie, Lu Yi, Ping Zhang, and Zhao Jing
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Cirrhosis ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Renal lesions ,Liver transplantation ,Gastroenterology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Liver disease ,Cholestasis ,Chenodeoxycholic acid ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Coagulopathy ,Bile acid synthesis ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Neonatal cholestasis ,HSD3B7 ,3β-hydroxy-Δ5-C27-steroid oxidoreductase deficiency ,Genetics (clinical) ,Genetic spectrum ,Bile acid ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,chemistry ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background Biallelic variants in HSD3B7 cause 3β-hydroxy-Δ5-C27-steroid oxidoreductase (HSD3B7) deficiency, a life-threatening but treatable liver disease. The goal of this study was to obtain detailed information on the correlation between the genotype and phenotype of HSD3B7 deficiency and to report on responses to primary bile acid therapy. Methods The medical records of a cohort of 39 unrelated patients with genetically and biochemically confirmed HSD3B7 deficiency were examined to determine whether there exist genotype-phenotype relationships in this bile acid synthesis disorder. Results In all, 34 of the 44 variants identified in HSD3B7 were novel. A total of 32 patients presented early with neonatal cholestasis, and 7 presented after 1-year of age with liver failure (n = 1), liver cirrhosis (n = 3), cholestasis (n = 1), renal cysts and abnormal liver biochemistries (n = 1), and coagulopathy from vitamin K1 deficiency and abnormal liver biochemistries (n = 1). Renal lesions, including renal cysts, renal stones, calcium deposition and renal enlargement were observed in 10 of 35 patients. Thirty-three patients were treated with oral chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) resulting in normalization of liver biochemistries in 24, while 2 showed a significant clinical improvement, and 7 underwent liver transplantation or died. Remarkably, renal lesions in 6 patients resolved after CDCA treatment, or liver transplantation. There were no significant correlations between genotype and clinical outcomes. Conclusions In what is the largest cohort of patients with HSD3B7 deficiency thus far studied, renal lesions were a notable clinical feature of HSD3B7 deficiency and these were resolved with suppression of atypical bile acids by oral CDCA administration.
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- 2021
27. RRM2 Regulates Sensitivity to Sunitinib and PD-1 Blockade in Renal Cancer by Stabilizing ANXA1 and Activating the AKT Pathway
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Haixin Yu, Xin Jin, Lu Yi, Liang Zhu, Bin Zhang, and Wei Xiong
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Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase ,renal cell carcinomas ,General Chemical Engineering ,Science ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Gene mutation ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) ,Cell Line ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,ANXA1 ,tyrosine kinase inhibitors ,medicine ,Sunitinib ,Humans ,General Materials Science ,neoplasms ,Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Research Articles ,Annexin A1 ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Immune checkpoint ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Kidney Neoplasms ,Vascular endothelial growth factor ,Clear cell renal cell carcinoma ,chemistry ,Tumor progression ,PD‐1 blockade ,RRM2 ,Cancer research ,business ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,medicine.drug ,Signal Transduction ,Research Article - Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant tumor of the kidneys. Approximately 70% of RCC cases are clear cell renal cell carcinoma with von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) gene mutation and activation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting VEGF have emerged as promising agents for RCC treatment. Apart from primary resistance, acquired resistance to TKIs after initial tumor regression is common in RCC. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibition, including PD‐1/PD‐L1 blockade, alone or in combination with TKIs has improved the overall survival of patients with RCC. Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) has been reported in many types of cancer and has been implicated in tumor progression. However, the role of RRM2 in TKIs resistance in RCC remains unclear. In this study, the authors have demonstrated that RRM2 is upregulated in sunitinib‐resistant RCC cells and patient tissues. They also find that RRM2 stabilizes ANXA1 and activates the AKT pathway independent of its ribonucleotide reductase activity, promoting sunitinib resistance in RCC. Moreover, RRM2 regulated antitumor immune responses, and knockdown of RRM2 enhance the anti‐tumor efficiency of PD‐1 blockade in renal cancer. Collectively, these results suggest that aberrantly expressed RRM2 may be a promising therapeutic target for RCC., RRM2 overexpression plays a key role in sunitinib resistance in patients with renal cell carcinoma and that RRM2 competes with UBE3A to prevent ANXA1 degradation. The up‐regulated ANXA1 activates AKT signaling pathway to regulate the sensitivity to sunitinib and PD‐1 blockade in renal cancer cells.
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- 2021
28. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives as Multifunctional Agents against Alzheimer's Disease
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Mei Xie, Guo-Peng Liang, Lu-Yi Zhou, Si-Xian Fang, Wei Li, Yi-Ping Chen, Ren-Xian Tan, Jia-Qiang Wu, Xiaoqin Wang, and Yu-Hao Wen
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Chalcone ,Cell Survival ,Scopolamine ,Bioengineering ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,Fibril ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Protein Aggregates ,Chalcones ,Alzheimer Disease ,medicine ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,Memory impairment ,Animals ,Humans ,Chelation ,Cytotoxicity ,Molecular Biology ,Cell damage ,Memory Disorders ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Peptide Fragments ,Neuroprotective Agents ,chemistry ,Design synthesis ,Drug Design ,Molecular Medicine ,Copper - Abstract
Fifteen chalcone derivatives 3a-3o were synthesized, and evaluated as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease. In vitro studies revealed that these compounds inhibited self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation effectively ranged from 45.9-94.5 % at 20 μM, and acted as potential antioxidants. Their structure-activity relationships were summarized. In particular, (2E)-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (3g) exhibited an excellent inhibitory activity of 94.5 % at 20 μM, and it could disassemble the self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation fibrils with ratio of 57.1 % at 20 μM concentration. In addition, compound 3g displayed good chelating ability for Cu2+ , and could effectively inhibit and disaggregate Cu2+ -induced Aβ aggregation. Moreover, compound 3g exerted low cytotoxicity, significantly reversed Aβ1-42 -induced SH-SY5Y cell damage. More importantly, compound 3g remarkably ameliorated scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. In summary, all the results revealed compound 3g was a potential multifunctional agent for AD therapy.
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- 2021
29. Gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1 deficiency promotes CHK2 O-GlcNAcylation and hepatocellular carcinoma growth upon glucose deprivation
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Dongmei Gou, Lei Chang, Rui Liu, Jie Xia, Ke Yao, Bohong Wang, Haijun Deng, Wanjun Zhang, Ni Tang, Kai Wang, Qingzhu Gao, Lu-Yi Huang, Xuanming Pan, Jin Xiang, Zeping Hu, Lin Tuo, Ailong Huang, Chang Chen, and Li Liang
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Acylation ,Mice, Nude ,medicine.disease_cause ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,PCK1 ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Uridine triphosphate ,Mice, Knockout ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Chemistry ,Cell growth ,Liver Neoplasms ,Gluconeogenesis ,Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,General Medicine ,Uridine ,Checkpoint Kinase 2 ,Glucose ,HEK293 Cells ,Tumor progression ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) ,Carcinogenesis ,Research Article - Abstract
Although cancer cells are frequently faced with a nutrient- and oxygen-poor microenvironment, elevated hexosamine-biosynthesis pathway (HBP) activity and protein O-GlcNAcylation (a nutrient sensor) contribute to rapid growth of tumor and are emerging hallmarks of cancer. Inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation could be a promising anticancer strategy. The gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little is known about the potential role of PCK1 in enhanced HBP activity and HCC carcinogenesis under glucose-limited conditions. In this study, PCK1 knockout markedly enhanced the global O-GlcNAcylation levels under low-glucose conditions. Mechanistically, metabolic reprogramming in PCK1-loss hepatoma cells led to oxaloacetate accumulation and increased de novo uridine triphosphate synthesis contributing to uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) biosynthesis. Meanwhile, deletion of PCK1 also resulted in AMPK-GFAT1 axis inactivation, promoting UDP-GlcNAc synthesis for elevated O-GlcNAcylation. Notably, lower expression of PCK1 promoted CHK2 threonine 378 O-GlcNAcylation, counteracting its stability and dimer formation, increasing CHK2-dependent Rb phosphorylation and HCC cell proliferation. Moreover, aminooxyacetic acid hemihydrochloride and 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine blocked HBP-mediated O-GlcNAcylation and suppressed tumor progression in liver-specific Pck1-knockout mice. We reveal a link between PCK1 depletion and hyper-O-GlcNAcylation that underlies HCC oncogenesis and suggest therapeutic targets for HCC that act by inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation.
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- 2021
30. Frontier progress of the combination of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Wei, Lai, Wang, Zeyu, Jing, Niancai, Lu, Yi, Yang, Jili, Xiao, Hongyu, Guo, Huanyu, Sun, Shoukun, Li, Mingjing, Zhao, Daqing, Li, Xiangyan, Qi, Wenxiu, and Zhang, Yue
- Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of antineoplastic agents ,MEDICINE ,ONLINE information services ,ADJUVANT chemotherapy ,HERBAL medicine ,INTEGRATIVE medicine ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDICAL technology ,APOPTOSIS ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,MEDLINE ,CHINESE medicine ,HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma ,IMMUNOTHERAPY ,DRUG resistance in cancer cells ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, accounting for 90% of primary liver cancer) was the sixth most common cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer death in 2020. The number of new HCC patients in China accounted for nearly half of that in the world. HCC was of occult and complex onset, with poor prognosis. Clinically, at least 15% of patients with HCC had strong side effects of interventional therapy (IT) and have poor sensitivity to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a multi-target adjuvant therapy, had been shown to play an active anti-tumor role in many previous studies. This review systematically summarized the role of TCM combined with clinically commonly used drugs for the treatment of HCC (including mitomycin C, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, sorafenib, etc.) in the past basic research, and summarized the efficacy of TCM combined with surgery, IT and conventional therapy (CT) in clinical research. It was found that TCM, as an adjuvant treatment, played many roles in the treatment of HCC, including enhancing the tumor inhibition, reducing toxic and side effects, improving chemosensitivity and prolonging survival time of patients. This review summarized the advantages of integrated traditional Chinese and modern medicine in the treatment of HCC and provides a theoretical basis for clinical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Single-cell immune profiling reveals distinct immune response in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients
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Hai-Bin Wang, Ka-Li Zhu, Yu-Ling Wang, Li Li, Huixia Gao, Xiao-Ming Cui, Guo-Lin Wang, Jing-Fang Fan, Lu-Yi Tian, Sheng-Bo Zhang, Huanwei Zheng, Li-Jun Duan, Lin Yao, Yue You, Erhei Dai, Xiang-Na Zhao, Mai-Juan Ma, and Jian-Hua Lu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,Adolescent ,QH301-705.5 ,Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ,Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Asymptomatic ,Article ,Transcriptome ,Immune system ,Genetics ,Medicine ,Humans ,Lymphocytes ,Biology (General) ,Receptor ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,T-cell receptor ,breakpoint cluster region ,COVID-19 ,Middle Aged ,Immunology ,Carrier State ,Infectious diseases ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Single-Cell Analysis ,business ,Infection ,CD8 - Abstract
While some individuals infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) present mild-to-severe disease, many SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals are asymptomatic. We sought to identify the distinction of immune response between asymptomatic and moderate patients. We performed single-cell transcriptome and T-cell/B-cell receptor (TCR/BCR) sequencing in 37 longitudinal collected peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from asymptomatic, moderate, and severe patients with healthy controls. Asymptomatic patients displayed increased CD56briCD16− natural killer (NK) cells and upregulation of interferon-gamma in effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells. They showed more robust TCR clonal expansion, especially in effector CD4+ T cells, but lack strong BCR clonal expansion compared to moderate patients. Moreover, asymptomatic patients have lower interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression in general but large interpatient variability, whereas moderate patients showed various magnitude and temporal dynamics of the ISGs expression across multiple cell populations but lower than a patient with severe disease. Our data provide evidence of different immune signatures to SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic infections.
- Published
- 2021
32. Continuity of Genetic Risk for Aggressive Behavior Across the Life-Course
- Author
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van der Laan, Camiel M., Morosoli-García, José J., van de Weijer, Steve G.A., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Ip, Hill F., Krapohl, Eva M.L., Brikell, Isabell, Sánchez-Mora, Cristina, Nolte, Ilja M., Pourcain, Beate St, Bolhuis, Koen, Palviainen, Teemu, Zafarmand, Hadi, Gordon, Scott, Zayats, Tetyana, Aliev, Fazil, Jiang, Chang, Wang, Carol A., Saunders, Gretchen, Karhunen, Ville, Hammerschlag, Anke R., Adkins, Daniel E., Border, Richard, Peterson, Roseann E., Prinz, Joseph A., Thiering, Elisabeth, Seppälä, Ilkka, Vilor-Tejedor, Natàlia, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Day, Felix R., Allegrini, Andrea G., Rimfeld, Kaili, Chen, Qi, Lu, Yi, Martin, Joanna, Artigas, María Soler, Rovira, Paula, Bosch, Rosa, Español, Gemma, Neumann, Alexander, Middeldorp, Christel, Verhulst, Frank C., Amin, Najaf, Uitterlinden, André G., Perry, John R.B., Heinrich, Joachim, Tiemeier, Henning, Bartels, Meike, Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Clinical Genetics, Internal Medicine, Ophthalmology, Epidemiology, Public Health, Adult Psychiatry, Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Methodology, AR&D - Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Graduate School, Child Psychiatry, ANS - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, ANS - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Public and occupational health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Biological Psychology, Criminology, APH - Mental Health, APH - Personalized Medicine, Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials, and Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE)
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multifactorial Inheritance ,Adolescent ,0608 Zoology ,Development ,Young Adult ,Life-course ,Risk Factors ,Polygenic score ,Genetics ,medicine ,ACTION Consortium ,Humans ,Genetic risk ,Child ,Genetics (clinical) ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Aged ,Netherlands ,Original Research ,Genetics & Heredity ,Aggression ,Public health ,Australia ,Aggressive behavior ,Middle Aged ,Rolling weights ,Early life ,Health psychology ,1701 Psychology ,Life course approach ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,1109 Neurosciences ,Demography - Abstract
We test whether genetic influences that explain individual differences in aggression in early life also explain individual differences across the life-course. In two cohorts from The Netherlands (N = 13,471) and Australia (N = 5628), polygenic scores (PGSs) were computed based on a genome-wide meta-analysis of childhood/adolescence aggression. In a novel analytic approach, we ran a mixed effects model for each age (Netherlands: 12–70 years, Australia: 16–73 years), with observations at the focus age weighted as 1, and decaying weights for ages further away. We call this approach a ‘rolling weights’ model. In The Netherlands, the estimated effect of the PGS was relatively similar from age 12 to age 41, and decreased from age 41–70. In Australia, there was a peak in the effect of the PGS around age 40 years. These results are a first indication from a molecular genetics perspective that genetic influences on aggressive behavior that are expressed in childhood continue to play a role later in life. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10519-021-10076-6.
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- 2021
33. Hypocretin in median raphe nucleus modulates footshock stimuli-induced REM sleep alteration
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Fang-Chia Chang, Pei-Lu Yi, Yun Lo, and Yi-Tse Hsiao
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Median raphe nucleus ,medicine.drug_class ,Hypocretin ,Hypothalamus ,Neuropeptide ,Sleep, REM ,lcsh:Medicine ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Orexin Receptors ,Stress, Physiological ,mental disorders ,Medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,Wakefulness ,lcsh:Science ,Microinjection ,Brain Mapping ,Orexins ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Neuropeptides ,fungi ,lcsh:R ,Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Eye movement ,Fear ,Receptor antagonist ,Sleep in non-human animals ,Rats ,030104 developmental biology ,nervous system ,Hypothalamic Area, Lateral ,Raphe Nuclei ,lcsh:Q ,REM sleep ,business ,Sleep ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,psychological phenomena and processes - Abstract
Stress is one of major factors that cause sleep problems. Hypocretin represents a stress-related neuropeptide and is well known in maintaining physiological wakefulness. The hypocretinergic neurons originate in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and transmit to several brain regions, including the median raphe nuclei (MRNs). The MRNs modulate both fear responses and sleep-wake activity; however, it remains unclear whether stress alters the levels of hypocretin to regulate MRNs and consequently disrupt sleep. In this paper, we employed the inescapable footshock stimuli (IFS) as a stressor and hypothesized that the IFS-induced sleep disruption is mediated by increased hypocretins in the MRNs. Our results demonstrate that the concentrations of hypocretin in the hypothalamus increased after IFS. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was reduced after footshock, and microinjection of non-selective hypocretin receptor antagonist TCS-1102 into the MRNs blocked the IFS-induced decrease of REM sleep. Furthermore, administration of hypocretins into the MRNs mimicked the IFS-induced REM sleep reduction. These results conclude that the increased levels of hypocretins in the MRNs mediate the IFS-induced REM sleep reduction.
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- 2019
34. Wide-Awake Hand Surgery in Two Centers in China
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Shu Guo Xing, Jin Bo Tang, Lu Yi, Ke Tong Gong, and Jian Hua Xu
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030222 orthopedics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tourniquet ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Hand surgery ,030230 surgery ,Infection rate ,Tumor excision ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Emergency surgery ,Fracture fixation ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery ,Local anesthesia ,business - Abstract
This article summarizes the application of local anesthesia no tourniquet in 2 hand surgery centers in China, Nantong and Tianjin, where more than 12,000 patients were operated on with the new approach. This approach achieves excellent anesthetic and vasoconstrictive effects. In Nantong, surgeons performed fracture fixation, soft tissue tumor excision, and flap transfer in the hand with this approach. In Tianjin, surgeons applied it to cases of hand trauma emergency surgery. The authors' experience shows that this approach to hand surgery is safe, economical, and patient friendly, with no increase in infection rate.
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- 2019
35. Designing a nanoparticle-containing polymeric substrate for detecting cancer cells by computer simulations
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Yu-qiang Ma, Lu-yi Huang, You-sheng Yu, Xiang Lu, and Hong-ming Ding
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Models, Molecular ,Polymers ,Nanoparticle ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Ligands ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Diffusion ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,General Materials Science ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Cell Membrane ,Dissipative particle dynamics ,Substrate (chemistry) ,Cancer ,Biological Transport ,Polymer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Ligand (biochemistry) ,medicine.disease ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Cancer cell ,Nanoparticles ,0210 nano-technology ,Layer (electronics) ,Software - Abstract
Efficient and accurate detection of cancer cells (from normal cells) is of great importance in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this work, we design a new type of polymeric substrate containing nanoparticles for detecting cancers by the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation. It is found that the cancer cells and the normal cells can be indeed distinguished since the uptake number of nanoparticles from the substrate is different. The competition between the nanoparticle-cell specific interaction and nanoparticle-polymer non-specific interaction is the main factor for different uptake behaviors. Moreover, the dynamics of the nanoparticle diffusion in the polymer layer also plays an important role in the detection. To improve the detection accuracy, we further investigate the effect of the polymer type and density as well as the ligand type on the detection, and find that there may exist an optimal parameter to maximize the difference between cancer cells and normal cells. The present study may provide useful insights into the design of functionalized substrate-based nanodevices in biomedicine.
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- 2019
36. Etiology related irritable bowel syndrome animal models
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Chunhui Bao, Huirong Liu, Min Zhao, Lu-Yi Wu, Zhi-Jun Weng, Fang Zhang, Cili Zhou, Huan-Zhen Wu, and Ling Yang
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0301 basic medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Etiology ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Irritable bowel syndrome - Published
- 2018
37. Energy Storage and Dissipation of Human Periodontal Ligament during Mastication Movement
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Lu Yi, Dandan Pei, Xiaoyi Hu, Changxiong Jin, and Shaobao Liu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Occlusal trauma ,Materials science ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Dissipation ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,Viscoelasticity ,Biomaterials ,Stress (mechanics) ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,stomatognathic system ,medicine ,Periodontal fiber ,Energy transformation ,0210 nano-technology ,Mastication ,Dental alveolus ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
As a layer of soft fibrous tissue, the periodontal ligament (PDL) protects against mechanical shock when transmitting mastication force from tooth to its surrounding alveolar bone. Currently, no quantitative method is available to estimate the shock resistance ability of the PDL. To solve this problem, in the present study we developed a finite element (FE) model of the tooth-PDL-bone complex and analyzed the energy storage and dissipation during the mastication movements. Displacement and Mises stress of tooth-PDL-bone complex show that the PDL is able to protect the alveolar bone from mechanical shock by shielding the transfer of deformation and stress. During mastication, the energy of the PDL is stored up to ∼161.5 J/mm3 at the period of loading and dissipated about one-tenth of the stored energy when unloading. The energy storage is displacement-dependent but time-independent because of the hyperelasticity of PDL. However, the energy dissipation is time- and displacement-dependent because of the viscoelasticity of PDL. The present study helps to understand the periodontal potential and the origin of dental diseases such as tooth concussion and occlusal trauma from the view of energy conversion.
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- 2018
38. Resveratrol protects against oxidative stress by activating the Keap-1/Nrf2 antioxidant defense system in obese-asthmatic rats
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Shan‑Shan Jin, Xiao‑Nan Li, Li‑Xin Xu, Hong Ji, Lu‑Yi Ma, and Yuan‑Hua Qin
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0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Very low-density lipoprotein ,resveratrol ,medicine.disease_cause ,Superoxide dismutase ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,High-density lipoprotein ,Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,oxidative stress ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Triglyceride ,biology ,obese ,business.industry ,Cholesterol ,Glutathione peroxidase ,General Medicine ,Glutathione ,Articles ,kelch-like ECH associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ,respiratory system ,asthma ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,business ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the anti-obesity-asthmatic effects of resveratrol (RSV) in a rat model of obese-asthma. Rat models of obesity and asthma were established using a high-fat diet and the administration of ovalbumin, respectively. Rats were divided into 7 different groups: A normal control, a normal obese, a normal asthma, a normal obese + asthma, a RSV obese, a RSV asthma and a RSV obese + asthma group. Body weight, Lee index, body fat and lung histopathological changes were evaluated. Serum lipid levels were evaluated using calorimetric methods. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Cellular antioxidant enzyme activities were measured using commercial kits. Levels of kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap-1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was examined using western blot analysis. The results indicated that obese and asthma rat models were successfully established. It was also demonstrated that RSV decreased fasting blood glucose in obese, asthmatic and obese-asthmatic rats. RSV altered serum lipid levels; it significantly increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and significantly decreased serum triglyceride, serum total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein levels, compared with untreated obese, asthmatic and obese-asthmatic rats (P
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- 2018
39. USP24-GSDMB complex promotes bladder cancer proliferation via activation of the STAT3 pathway
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Jiannan Ren, Wei Xiong, Ming Xiao, Bin Yan, Haiqing He, Liang Zhu, Zhaohui Zhong, Bin Zhang, Dong Zi, Xin Jin, Lu Yi, and Xiaokun Zhao
- Subjects
Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins ,STAT3 Transcription Factor ,Cell ,Mice, Nude ,USP24 ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,STAT3 ,Annexin ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,MTT assay ,RNA, Messenger ,Phosphorylation ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Cell Proliferation ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,Bladder cancer ,biology ,business.industry ,Pyroptosis ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Immunohistochemistry ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Up-Regulation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,bladder cancer ,GSDMB ,Signal transduction ,business ,Ubiquitin Thiolesterase ,Developmental Biology ,Signal Transduction ,Research Paper - Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer is the fourth and tenth most common malignancy in men and women worldwide, respectively. One of the main reasons for the unsatisfactory therapeutic control of bladder cancer is that the molecular biological mechanism of bladder cancer is complex. Gasdermin B (GSDMB) is one member of the gasdermin family and participates in the regulation of cell pyroptosis. The role of GSDMB in bladder cancer has not been studied to date. Methods: TCGA database was used to exam the clinical relevance of GSDMB. Functional assays such as MTT assay, Celigo fluorescent cell-counting assay, Annexin V-APC assay and xenografts were used to evaluate the biological role of GSDMB in bladder cancer. Mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation were used to detect the protein interaction between GSDMB and STAT3, or GSDMB and USP24. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to study the relationship between USP24, GSDMB and STAT3. Results: In this study, bioinformatics analysis indicated that the mRNA expression level of GSDMB in bladder cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues. Then, we showed that GSDMB promoted bladder cancer progression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GSDMB interacted with STAT3 to increase the phosphorylation of STAT3 and modulate the glucose metabolism and promote tumor growth in bladder cancer cells. Besides, we also showed that USP24 stabilized GSDMB to activate STAT3 signaling, which was blocked by the USP24 inhibitor. Conclusions: We suggested that aberrantly up-regulated GSDMB was responsible for enhancing the growth and invasion ability of bladder cancer cells. Then, we showed that GSDMB could bind to STAT3 and activate STAT3 signaling in bladder cancer. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that USP24 interacted with GSDMB and prevented GSDMB from degradation in bladder cancer cells. Therefore, the USP24/GSDMB/STAT3 axis may be a new targetable signaling pathway for bladder cancer treatment.
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- 2020
40. Identification of bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids as SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors from a library of natural products in vitro
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Kai Wang, Jie Hu, Chenjian Gu, Lu-Yi Huang, Changlong He, Guiji Zhang, Ailong Huang, Wei Xu, Youhua Xie, and Ni Tang
- Subjects
medicine.drug_class ,viruses ,virus diseases ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virology ,In vitro ,Viral vector ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,medicine ,Cepharanthine ,Vero cell ,Antiviral drug ,Coronavirus ,Hernandezine ,Cytopathic effect - Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a major public health issue. To screen for antiviral drugs for COVID-19 treatment, we constructed a SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) pseudovirus system using an HIV-1-based lentiviral vector with a luciferase reporter gene to screen 188 small potential antiviral compounds. Using this system, we identified nine compounds, specifically, bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, that potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus entry, with EC50 values of 0.1–10 μM. Mechanistic studies showed that these compounds, reported as calcium channel blockers (CCBs), inhibited Ca2+-mediated membrane fusion and consequently suppressed coronavirus entry. These candidate drugs showed broad-spectrum efficacy against the entry of several coronavirus pseudotypes (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 [S-D614, S-G614, N501Y.V1 and N501Y.V2]) in different cell lines (293T, Calu-3, and A549). Antiviral tests using native SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells confirmed that four of the drugs (SC9/cepharanthine, SC161/hernandezine, SC171, and SC185/neferine) reduced cytopathic effect and supernatant viral RNA load. Among them, cepharanthine showed the strongest anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Collectively, this study offers new lead compounds for coronavirus antiviral drug discovery.
- Published
- 2020
41. Lipidomics characterization of the mechanism of Cynomorium songaricum polysaccharide on treating type 2 diabetes
- Author
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Jia-Yi Zheng, Gui-Zhong Xin, Lin Chen, Lu-Yi Wang, and Zi-Qi Shi
- Subjects
Male ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Type 2 diabetes ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Polysaccharides ,parasitic diseases ,Lipidomics ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Pancreas ,Chromatography ,Cynomorium ,Chemistry ,Mechanism (biology) ,Plant Extracts ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Metabolism ,medicine.disease ,Lipid Metabolism ,Lipids ,0104 chemical sciences ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Metabolic pathway ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Blood sugar regulation ,Sphingomyelin - Abstract
Although Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. polysaccharide (CSP) has been examined for its effects on glucose regulation, its underlying mechanism is still unclear. To address this issue, a MS-based lipidomics strategy was developed to gain a system-level understanding of the mechanism of CSP on improving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). UPLC-QTOF/MS and multivariate statistical tools were used to identify the alteration of serum metabolites associated with T2DM and responses to CSP treatment. As a result, 35 potential biomarkers were found and identified in serum, amongst which 26 metabolites were regulated to normal like levels after the administration of CSP. By analyzing the metabolic pathways, glycerophospholipid metabolism was suggested to be closely involved. These results indicated that the intake of CSP exhibited promising anti-diabetic activity, largely due to the regulation of phospholipid metabolism, including phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatydylcholines, phosphtatidylethanolamines and sphingomyelins.
- Published
- 2020
42. Identification of mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA Competing Endogenous RNA Network in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Using Bioinformatics Analysis
- Author
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Haohui Wang, Lu Yi, Wei Li, and Senlin Ye
- Subjects
Messenger RNA ,Text mining ,Bioinformatics analysis ,Competing endogenous RNA ,business.industry ,microRNA ,medicine ,Adrenocortical carcinoma ,Identification (biology) ,Computational biology ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,business - Abstract
Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor originating from the adrenal cortex. However, there are no effective therapies to treat patients with ACC. LncRNA participates in a variety of biological processes of cancers. We constructed ceRNA network and identify key competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) using bioinformatic processing tools. Methods: Firstly, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by analyzing GSE12368 and GSE19750 datasets. SangerBox was used to generate volcano maps. DAVID database was used for functional enrichment analysis. STRING database was used to conduct Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and hub genes were identified by Cytoscape plug-in CytoHubba. UCSC database was used to construct hierarchical clustering of hub genes. Upstream miRNAs of mRNAs were predicted by miRTarBase and upstream lncRNAs of miRNA by miRNet. Expression analysis for lncRNAs were performed via GEPIA. Prognostic analysis for genes, miRNAs and lncRNAs were performed via cBioPortal, OncomiR and GEPIA, respectively. Results: In this study, 49 and 276 upregulated and downregulated significant DEGs were identified. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that they were significantly enriched in cancer-associated pathways. According to node degree, the top 10 upregulated genes and downregulated genes were classfied as hub genes. However, only 9 hub genes were defined as key genes because alteration was significantly associated with worse prognosis and all the 9 key genes were upregulated hub genes. Then, 15 miRNAs were predicted to target the 7 out of 9 key genes. But only 4 miRNAs were defined as key miRNAs because alteration significantly influenced prognosis in cancer. 185 lncRNAs were predicted to potentially interaction with the 4 miRNAs. Only 3 lncRNAs(XIST, HOXA11-AS and TMPO-AS1) were up-regulated and only 1 lncRNA (HOXA11-AS ) indicated alteration was significantly associated with worse prognosis in adrenocortical carcinoma. HOXA11-AS were finally identified as key lncRNA. Finally, RRM2-miR-24-3p/let-7a-5p-HOXA11-AS, CDK1/MCM4-miR-24-3P-HOXA11-AS competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) sub-networks were constructed in adrenocortical carcinoma. Conclution:This study has constructed RRM2-miR-24-3p/let-7a-5p-HOXA11-AS, CDK1/MCM4-miR-24-3p-HOXA11-AS competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) sub-networks. Our results suggested that these sub-networks might be potential therapeutic targets or prognostic biomarkers in ACC.
- Published
- 2020
43. NSUN5 is Upregulated and Positively Correlated with Translation in Human Cancers: A Bioinformatics-based Study
- Author
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Xiao-wen Zhang, Ji-meng Zhao, Yan Huang, Qin Qi, Shan-shan Li, Hui-rong Liu, Rui Zhong, Wu Huangan, and Lu-yi Wu
- Subjects
Downregulation and upregulation ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Translation (biology) ,Computational biology ,business - Abstract
The role of RNA m5C (5-methylcytosine) and RNA m5C methyltransferases (RCMTs, including NSUN1, NSUN2, NSUN3, NSUN4, NSUN5, NSUN6, NSUN7 and TRDMT1) in human cancers remains largely unknown. In this study, GEPIA2 was used to compare the expression of RCMTs in human cancers and that in associated normal tissues, and to analyze the prognosis value of NSUN5 expression. UALCAN was used to compare the methylation level of NSUN5 promoter in human cancers and that in associated normal tissues. LinkedOmics was used perform BPs (biological processes), CCs (cellular components), MFs (molecular functions) and KEGG pathways analyses of NSUN5-correlated genes in each cancer one by one. We found that six RCMTs (NSUN1-NSUN5 and TRDMT1), especially NSUN5, were generally upregulated in human cancers, that the hypomethylation of NSUN5 promoter may be responsible for its upregulation, and that overexpressed NSUN5 predicted poorer prognosis and was positively correlated with translation in human cancers. The function of NSUN5 in human cancers and its mechanism need to be validated by biological experiments.
- Published
- 2020
44. Clinical Characterization of Mismatch Repair Gene-Deficient Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
- Author
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Haohui Wang, Yinhuai Wang, Yuanwei Li, Kancheng He, Jin Li, Mou Peng, Shusuan Jiang, Lu Yi, Rong-Rong Cui, and Senlin Ye
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,medicine.medical_treatment ,MLH1 ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,Androgen deprivation therapy ,cell-free DNA ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,PMS2 ,Medicine ,castration-resistant prostate cancer ,novel hormone therapy ,Original Research ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,mismatch repair deficiency ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,digestive system diseases ,MSH6 ,030104 developmental biology ,Docetaxel ,MSH2 ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,next-generation sequencing ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) prostate cancer is rare and has not been well studied. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characterization of dMMR metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. The MMR genes include MLH1, MLH3, MSH2, MSH6, PMS1, PMS2, and EPCAM, and were analyzed by targeted sequencing of plasma cell-free DNA samples. A total of 109 mCRPC patients were identified, including 50 patients with MMR alterations (pathogenic alterations, n = 7; alterations of unknown significance, n = 43) and 59 patients with wild-type MMR. For the seven patients with pathogenic MMR alterations, the median age at diagnosis was 63.5 years, and 42.9% had a Gleason score ≥8. The median time from androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) initiation to CRPC was 24 months. Compared with the wild-type MMR subgroup, patients with MMR alterations, pathogenic MMR alterations, or MMR alterations of unknown significance showed higher rates of hotspot missense mutations or copy number amplifications in the AR gene (24/50 vs. 10/59, P = 7.8 × 10-4; 7/7 vs. 10/59, P = 2.5 × 10-5; 17/43 vs. 10/59, P = 0.013). The presence of any MMR alterations was associated with an inferior response to abiraterone [median progression-free survival (PFS): 5.0 vs. 10.9 months, P = 0.022]. Shorter PFS times were observed in both the pathogenic MMR alteration subgroup (median PFS: 5 months) and the MMR alterations of unknown significance subgroup (median PFS: 5.3 months), compared with the PFS of those with wild-type MMR genes (median PFS: 10.9 months, P = 0.052). There was no statistically significant difference in response to docetaxel chemotherapy between the MMR alterations of unknown significance and the wild-type MMR subgroups (median PFS: 8.2 vs. 8.1 months, P = 0.23). Our results demonstrate that dMMR mCRPC patients have an equivalent response to standard ADT and taxane-based chemotherapy treatments compared with wild-type MMR patients. Patients with both pathogenic and unknown significance alterations of MMR genes had poorer responses to abiraterone therapy.
- Published
- 2020
45. Effects of N 6 ‐(4‐hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside in stress‐induced insomnia in rodents
- Author
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Chung-Jen Tsai, Chun-Ying Fang, Pei-Lu Yi, Fang-Chia Chang, and Shuo-Bin Jou
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemistry ,medicine.drug_class ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Antagonist ,General Medicine ,Adenosinergic ,Non-rapid eye movement sleep ,Adenosine ,Hypnotic ,Preoptic area ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,030228 respiratory system ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,GABAergic ,Microinjection ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Adenosine exhibits a somnogenic effect; however, there is no adenosinergic hypnotic because of cardiovascular effects. This study investigated whether N6-(4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside (T1-11), extracted from Gastrodia elata, produces somnogenic effects in rodents. We determined the involvement of adenosine 2A receptors (A2ARs) in GABAergic neurons of the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO) and the cardiovascular effects. Change of cage bedding is employed as a stressor to induce insomnia in rodents, and electroencephalograms and electromyograms were used to acquire and analyse sleep-wake activity. We found that intracerebroventricular administration of T1-11 before a dark period increased non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep during a dark period, and T1-11-induced sleep increases were blocked by the A2AR antagonist, SCH58261, in naive rats. Oral administration of T1-11 increased NREM sleep during both dark and light periods. Microinjection of the A2AR antagonist, SCH58261, into the VLPO blocked sleep effects of T1-11. In addition to the somnogenic effect in naive mice, T1-11 suppressed the stress-induced insomnia and this suppressive effect was blocked by SCH58261. C-fos expression in GABAergic neurons of VLPO was increased after administration of T1-11 in Gad2-Cre::Ai14 mice, suggesting the activation of GABAergic neurons in the VLPO. T1-11 exhibited no effects on heart rate and the low frequency/high frequency ratio of heart rate variability. We concluded that T1-11 elicited somnogenic effects and effectively ameliorated acute stress-induced insomnia. The somnogenic effect is mediated by A2ARs to activate GABAergic neurons in the VLPO. This adenosine analogue could be a potential hypnotic because of no sympathetic and parasympathetic effects on the cardiovascular system.
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- 2020
46. Deep Brain Stimulation Increases Seizure Threshold by Altering REM Sleep and Delta Powers During NREM Sleep
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Hsin-Tzu Tseng, Yi-Tse Hsiao, Pei-Lu Yi, and Fang-Chia Chang
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0301 basic medicine ,Deep brain stimulation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Electroencephalography ,Non-rapid eye movement sleep ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,anterior nucleus of thalamus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epilepsy ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Ictal ,Circadian rhythm ,Pentylenetetrazol ,delta powers during NREM sleep ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Original Research ,Seizure threshold ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,PTZ kindling ,medicine.disease ,nervous system diseases ,deep brain stimulation ,030104 developmental biology ,Neurology ,nervous system ,Anesthesia ,epilepsy ,Neurology (clinical) ,REM sleep ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
We previously demonstrated that seizure occurrences at different zeitgeber times alter sleep and circadian rhythm differently. On the other hand, the synchronized delta wave of electroencephalogram (EEG) during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep facilitates seizure, while the desynchronized EEG of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep suppresses it. We also elucidated that unilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of thalamus (ANT) suppresses seizure recurrence. In the present study, we intraperitoneally injected pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, 40 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days (PTZ kindling) to induce spontaneous seizure in rats, and a 30-min (delivered 10 min before each PTZ injection) or a 3-h DBS of unilateral ANT (delivered 1 h before each PTZ injection) was applied to suppress seizure. The frequency of DBS stimulation was 200 Hz and the electrical current consisted of biphasic square pulses with 50-μA intensity, 100-μs pulse width, and 4.1-ms stimulation interval. Our results found that PTZ-induced spontaneous seizure did not cause a significant change in the quantity of NREM sleep but suppressed the amount of REM sleep. Unilateral ANT DBS prolonged the onset latency of ictal seizure, decreased the spontaneous seizure duration, and increased the survival rate but did not change the amplitude of epileptiform EEGs during ictal period. Unilateral ANT DBS did not significantly alter NREM sleep but increased the amount of REM sleep. An analysis of the spectrograms of fast Fourier transform indicated that the intensities of all frequencies were enhanced during the PTZ-induced ictal period and the subsequent spontaneous seizure. Thirty minutes of unilateral ANT DBS suppressed the augmentation of low-frequency (
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- 2020
47. Longitudinal dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
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Guiji Zhang, Qingzhu Gao, Lu-Yi Huang, Juan Chen, Jie-Li Hu, Jie Hu, Haijun Deng, Quanxin Long, Changlong He, Kai Wang, Ailong Huang, and Ni Tang
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,biology ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Immunization, Passive ,COVID-19 ,serological immune response ,Antibody level ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Titer ,AcademicSubjects/MED00290 ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Major Article ,Medicine ,Humans ,neutralizing antibodies ,Symptom onset ,Antibody ,business ,Neutralizing antibody ,Coronavirus Infections ,COVID-19 Serotherapy ,longitudinal dynamics - Abstract
BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no licensed vaccine or specific antiviral agents for therapy. Little is known about the longitudinal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in COVID-19 patients.MethodsBlood samples (n=173) were collected from 30 COVID-19 patients over a 3-month period after symptom onset and analyzed for SARS-CoV-2-specific NAbs, using the lentiviral pseudotype assay, coincident with the levels of IgG and proinflammatory cytokines.ResultsSARS-CoV-2-specific NAb titers were low for the first 7-10 d after symtom onset and increased after 2-3 weeks. The median peak time for NAbs was 33 d (IQR 24-59 d) after symptom onset. NAb titers in 93.3% (28/30) of the patients declined gradually over the 3-month study period, with a median decrease of 34.8% (IQR 19.6-42.4%). NAb titers increased over time in parallel with the rise in IgG antibody levels, correlating well at week 3 (r = 0.41, p < 0.05). The NAb titers also demonstrated a significant positive correlation with levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines, including SCF, TRAIL, and M-CSF.ConclusionsThese data provide useful information regarding dynamic changes in NAbs in COVID-19 patients during the acute and convalescent phases.
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- 2020
48. The bioactive ingredients in Actinidia chinensis Planch. Inhibit liver cancer by inducing apoptosis
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Chongwang Ran, Peili Tang, Lu Yi, Xueyun Duan, Ju Huang, Hezhen Wu, Yanfang Yang, and Zongchao Hong
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Cell Survival ,Actinidia ,Apoptosis ,Caspase 3 ,Biology ,Pharmacology ,Caspase 8 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Humans ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,Caspase-9 ,Plant Extracts ,Liver Neoplasms ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Astragalin ,Signal transduction ,Liver cancer ,Drugs, Chinese Herbal ,Phytotherapy - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Actinidia chinensis Planch. (ACP) is a common traditional Chinese medicine, which is mostly used for cancer treatment clinically. Liver cancer is a refractory tumor with a high incidence. Although ACP has been reported in the treatment of liver cancer, its possible mechanism of action is little known. Aim of study The aim of this paper was to investigate the active components of ACP in the treatment of liver cancer and the related mechanisms by a network pharmacology approach. Methods The active components of ACP and the corresponding targets were obtained from multiple databases. Cytoscape software and STRING database were used to build the "herb-component-target (H-C-T)" network and protein–protein interactions (PPI) network. The key components and targets were further predicted by the Cytohubba plug-in in Cytoscape. Then, experiments were carried out on HepG2 cell line and Huh7 cell line to verify the effects and related mechanisms of the key compounds in ACP. Results 28 active components in ACP and 1299 related targets were screened out according to two indicators, oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-likeness (DL). The key compounds predicted include rutinum, astragalin, and L-epicatechin, and the main signaling pathways focus on apoptosis. Astragalin, a key compound in ACP, could inhibit the expression of Bcl-2, up-regulate the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 8, and cleaved caspase 9, and regulate the apoptosis signaling pathway to inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cells to play a therapeutic role in anti-liver cancer. Conclusions These results suggest that ACP can alleviate the progression of liver cancer through the mechanisms predicted by network pharmacology, and provide a basis for the further understanding of the application of ACP in anti-cancer.
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- 2021
49. Age-of-onset information helps identify 76 genetic variants associated with allergic disease
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Ferreira, Manuel A R, Vonk, Judith M., Baurecht, Hansjörg, Marenholz, Ingo, Tian, Chao, Hoffman, Joshua D., Helmer, Quinta, Tillander, Annika, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Lu, Yi, Grosche, Sarah, Ruschendorf, Franz, Granell, Raquel, Brumpton, Ben Michael, Fritsche, Lars, Bhatta, Laxmi, Gabrielsen, Maiken Elvestad, Nielsen, Jonas Bille, Zhou, Wei, Hveem, Kristian, Langhammer, Arnulf, Holmen, Oddgeir, Løset, Mari, Abecasis, Goncalo, Willer, Cristen J., Emami, Nima C., Cavazos, Taylor B., Witte, John S., Szwajda, Agnieszka, 23andMe Research Team,, collaborators of SHARE study,, Hinds, David A., Hubner, Norbert, Weidinger, Stephan, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Jorgenson, Eric, Karlsson, Robert, Paternoster, Lavinia, Boomsma, Dorret I., Almqvist, Catarina, Lee, Young-Ae, Koppelman, Gerard H., Esparza-Gordillo, Jorge, Hummel, Oliver, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Willemsen, Gonneke, Rodríguez, Elke, Hotze, Melanie, Franke, Andre, Matheson, Melanie C., Dharmage, Shyamali Chandrika, Arnold, Andreas, Homuth, Georg, Schmidt, Carsten O, Thompson, Philip J., Martin, Nicholas G, Duffy, David L., Novak, Natalija, Schulz, Holger, Karrasch, Stefan, Gieger, Christian, Strauch, Konstantin, Melles, Ronald B, Bouzigon, Emmanuelle, Biological Psychology, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, and Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC)
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HAY-FEVER ,Male ,Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) ,Cancer Research ,Allergy ,Pulmonology ,Epidemiology ,Eczema ,Genome-wide association study ,Disease ,QH426-470 ,collaborators of the SHARE study ,0302 clinical medicine ,Allergies ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,ATOPIC-DERMATITIS ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Biologiska vetenskaper ,Aetiology ,Age of Onset ,Child ,Lung ,Genetics (clinical) ,Rhinitis ,0303 health sciences ,Allergic Diseases ,Single Nucleotide ,Genomics ,PKC-THETA ,Middle Aged ,Biological Sciences ,ALSPAC ,II RECEPTOR ,Hay fever ,Female ,Research Article ,Allergic Rhinitis ,Adult ,SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI ,Adolescent ,Immunology ,Food Allergies ,Late onset ,Dermatology ,Biology ,23andMe Research Team ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,Allergic ,CD200 RECEPTOR ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Clinical Research ,medicine ,Genome-Wide Association Studies ,Genetics ,Humans ,GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ,Polymorphism ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,Asthma ,Aged ,Seasonal ,Prevention ,Inflammatory and immune system ,Human Genome ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Computational Biology ,Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ,Human Genetics ,Rhinology ,medicine.disease ,Genome Analysis ,RISK LOCI ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases ,Genetic Loci ,Medical Risk Factors ,Expression quantitative trait loci ,Genetics of Disease ,T-CELLS ,Nasal Diseases ,Clinical Immunology ,Age of onset ,Clinical Medicine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Developmental Biology ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Risk factors that contribute to inter-individual differences in the age-of-onset of allergic diseases are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify genetic risk variants associated with the age at which symptoms of allergic disease first develop, considering information from asthma, hay fever and eczema. Self-reported age-of-onset information was available for 117,130 genotyped individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank study. For each individual, we identified the earliest age at which asthma, hay fever and/or eczema was first diagnosed and performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of this combined age-of-onset phenotype. We identified 50 variants with a significant independent association (P, Author summary So far, genetic studies of allergic disease have investigated the presence of the disease rather than the age at which the first allergic symptoms develop. We aimed to identify genetic risk variants associated with the age at which symptoms of allergic disease first develop, considering information from asthma, hay fever and eczema by examining 117,130 genotyped individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank study. We identified 50 variants with a significant independent association (P
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- 2020
50. A Peptide-Based Magnetic Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay for Serological Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019
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Yong Lin, Deqiang Wang, Wen-Guang Tian, Juan Chen, Yao-kai Chen, Xiao-li Zhang, Kai Fan, Kun Wang, Jing Wang, Haijun Deng, Quanxin Long, Yuan Hu, Yanmeng Chen, Ji-Hua Ren, Ni Tang, Jiang-Lin Xiang, Guicheng Wu, Jie Wei, Dao-Xin Wang, Chun-Yang Gan, Changlong He, Xue-Fei Cai, Liu Ping, Zhijie Li, Lu-Yi Huang, Ailong Huang, Pu Liao, Hong-xin Du, Bei-zhong Liu, Jie Li Hu, A-mei Chen, Qingzhu Gao, Fachun Zhou, and Peng Hu
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Antibodies, Viral ,Immunoglobulin G ,Serology ,law.invention ,Immunoenzyme Techniques ,COVID-19 Testing ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Polymerase chain reaction ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Middle Aged ,chemiluminescence immunoassay ,AcademicSubjects/MED00290 ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,Antibody ,Coronavirus Infections ,Adult ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Betacoronavirus ,Viral Proteins ,03 medical and health sciences ,Major Article ,medicine ,Humans ,Serologic Tests ,AcademicSubjects/MED00860 ,Pandemics ,Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Serological Test ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,medicine.disease ,Pneumonia ,030104 developmental biology ,Immunoglobulin M ,Immunoassay ,Luminescent Measurements ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Peptides ,business - Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel β-coronavirus, causes severe pneumonia and has spread throughout the globe rapidly. The disease associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To date, real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the only test able to confirm this infection. However, the accuracy of RT-PCR depends on several factors; variations in these factors might significantly lower the sensitivity of detection. Methods In this study, we developed a peptide-based luminescent immunoassay that detected immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM. The assay cutoff value was determined by evaluating the sera from healthy and infected patients for pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2. Results To evaluate assay performance, we detected IgG and IgM in the sera from confirmed patients. The positive rate of IgG and IgM was 71.4% and 57.2%, respectively. Conclusions Therefore, combining our immunoassay with real-time RT-PCR might enhance the diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19.
- Published
- 2020
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