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YKL-40 is a glycoprotein synthesized by several cell types, including macrophages, neutrophils, and endothelial cells. It plays a role in several biological processes, such as tissue remodeling, inflammation, and cell proliferation. Research findings have shown that levels of YKL-40 tend to be higher in individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis. Elevated concentrations of YKL-40 have been associated with detrimental CV outcomes. In general, while the precise function of YKL-40 in CVDs is still under investigation, it is evident that this glycoprotein has significant potential as a biomarker for CVDs. Furthermore, CVD treatment has the potential to specifically target the protein YKL-40.

Objective: This study was performed to examine the association between the SYNTAX II score (SS-II) and no-reflow observed on electrocardiography and examine their use in the evaluation of risk of an in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: A total of 126 consecutive STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) were recruited. The SS-II was derived using angiographic and basic patient clinical features. The difference in the sum of ST-segment elevations measured between before the pPCI and the assessment determined approximately 60 minutes after the pPCI was interpreted as the sum of ST-segment resolution (ΣSTR). MACE is a composite endpoint frequently used in cardiovascular research and usually includes endpoints reflecting safety and effectiveness. ΣSTR

Objective: The ratio of monocytes to high-density lipoprotein (MHR) has recently been recommended as a new prognostic factor in cardiovascular disease. Studies have documented the value of the Selvester QRS score for prediction of prognosis of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, no study has examined the association between the QRS score and MHR in patients with STEMI. The present study analyzed the relationship between MHR and QRS score in patients with STEMI. Methods: A cohort of 99 consecutive patients who experienced STEMI between June and September 2016 was retrospectively evaluated. Serial electrocardiogram, monocyte count, and lipid panel measurements (day 1, day 2, and after discharge) were performed in all patients, and MHR was calculated. The patients were classified into 2 groups based on the median values according to the estimated infarct size: QRS score

The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (transthoracic apical two-chamber stretch) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) ratio is a measure of cardiac function that is used to assess left ventricular systolic function. PASP is typically measured using a catheterization procedure, in which a small tube is inserted into a blood vessel and advanced to the pulmonary artery. A TAPSE/PASP ratio higher than 0.36 mm/mmHg has been shown in several studies to be a good sign of normal or generally well-maintained right ventricular function. It is important to note that the TAPSE/PASP ratio should be interpreted in the context of other clinical findings and should not be used as the sole indicator of cardiac function. A decrease in the TAPSEpulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) ratio (i.e., (RV)-arterial uncoupling), which quantitatively depicts the function of the RV, was detected in patients with heart failure. In pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, TAPSE/PASP is linked to hemodynamics and functional class. In diseases impacting right cardiac function, the TAPSE/PASP may also be beneficial. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate how the TAPSE/PASP impacts how the (RV) functions. We believe that this is the first review on the topic written.

Endothelial cell dysfunction proceeding with increased inflammation and monocyte increase is one of the main causes of vessel injury in CAD. SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1) protein plays an important role in the regulation of cellular physiological mechanisms. SIRT1 has roles in regulating angiogenesis and preventing endothelial dysfunction and reperfusion injury due to ischemia. Suppression of SIRT1 causes monocyte affinity due to endothelial dysfunction. Sirtuins activators are involved in pathologies of many diseases with promising treatments. The objective of this review is to summarize the current progress and future directions of sirtuin protein in the field of CAD.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the severe diseases that may cause significant moral and financial burden on society today. There are many studies in the literature on whether psychiatric disorders may cause CAD or an increase in prevalence after CAD. Although many studies have emphasized the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of depression in CAD patients, clinicians do not attach much attention to depression in daily practice. Several scales have been developed that are comfortable to use to describe anxiety and depression in CAD patients. High depression and anxiety scores predicted by psychological symptom scales following CAD treatment are closely related to treatment success and prognosis of the CAD. We believe that patients with CAD should be followed carefully for the diagnosis of depression and anxiety disorders; since the treatment of them may improve the prognosis of CAD.

Cardiac troponin is the preferred biomarker for the diagnosis of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but many other diseases can be identified with elevated troponin levels in the absence of ACS. The recent development of a high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) assay permits the detection of very low levels of cTnT. The use of hs-cTnT assay has emerged as a tool for identifying high-risk individuals for primary preventive treatment and can detect subclinical injury in asymptomatic patients. Hs-cTnT analyses are generally related to ischemia in the literature. Thus, we made an evaluation of hs-cTnT analysis in non-coronary patients, which may contribute to the literature.

INTRODUCTION[|]To test the hypothesis that multicenter automatic defibrillator implantation trial (MADIT) - implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) scores predict replacement requirement and appropriate shock in a mixed population including both primary and secondary prevention and long-term adverse cardiovascular events.[¤]METHODS[|]The study has a retrospective design. Patients who were implanted with ICD in the cardiology clinic of Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine between 2000 and 2013 were included in the study. For this purpose, 1394 patients who were implanted with a device in our clinic were reviewed. Then, those who were implanted with permanent pacemaker (n=1005), cardiac resynchronization treatment (CRT) (n=45) and CRT-ICD (n=198) were excluded.[¤]RESULTS[|]A total of 146 patients (98 males, 67.1%) with a mean age of 61.1 (+-14.8) years were recruited. The median follow-up time was 21.5 months (mean 30.6+-25.9 months; minimum 4 months, and maximum 120 months). The median MADIT-ICD scores in the patients were 2. MADIT-ICD scores were categorized as low in 15.1%, intermediate in 57.5%, and high score in 27.4% of patients. Accordingly, MADIT-ICD scores (1.29 [1.00–1.68], p=0.050), hemoglobin (0.86 [0.75–0.99], p=0.047), and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) (0.97 [0.94–0.99], p=0.023) were determined as independent predictors of major adverse cardiovascular events in the long-term follow-up of ICD-implanted population.[¤]DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION[|]In this study, we showed that there was an independent association of long-term adverse cardiovascular events with MADIT-ICD score, hemoglobin, and EF in patients implanted with ICD.[¤]