Author: "Kostadinova A" / Topic: medicine - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Acute Kidney Injury and Acute Renal Failure in Coronaviral Infection

Author: Nikolova M., Angelova I., Kotseva V., Kostadinova A., Genov D., Vutova C., Koleva N., Todorov J., Chupetlovska K., Penkov M., Ananiev J., Milenova V., and Kundurdzhiev A.
Subjects: coronarirus, acute renal failure, acute kidney injury, minimal-change nephropathy, tubule- interstitial nephritis, renal biopsy, Medicine
Abstract: In December 2019 a newly described single-stranded coronavirus, later named SARS-CoV-2, started its expansion around the world and subsequently caused a global pandemic, affecting the lives of millions of people worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 can bind multiple receptors on different cells and thus invade many target organs, including the respiratory and gastrointestinal mucous membranes, lungs, central nervous system, heart, etc. This virus can affect the kidney tissue both directly and as a consequence of other organ involvement or of the treatment administered, causing acute kidney injury and leaving long term squeals that worsen the prognosis. We describe three patients with acute kidney injury and subsequent acute renal failure at the background of coronaviral infection.
Published: 2022
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2. Role of Serum Uromodulin in the Early Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease

Author: Genov D., Kundurdgiev A., Ivanova I., Nikolova M., Pencheva V., Hristova M., Koleva N., Kostadinova A., and Vutova Ts.
Subjects: serum uromodulin, chronic kidney disease, biomarker, serum creatinine, cystatin c, Medicine
Abstract: Background: The diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is usually delayed, when significant functional renal impairment has already occurred. The diagnosis is complex and clinical and laboratory investigations play a crucial role. There are well-established markers of CKD – serum creatinine and cystatin C. However, the search for new reliable biomarkers that aid in the assessment of kidney function and predict the evolution of the disease is still in progress.
Published: 2021
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3. Serum Copper and Zinc in a Representative Sample of Bulgarian Population

Author: Ivanova I., Atanasova B., Kostadinova A., Bocheva Y., and Tzatchev K.
Subjects: copper, zinc, trace elements, alzheimer’s disease, Medicine
Abstract: Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are essential for life. Body Cu and Zn content depends on variety of factors - age, gender, and diet, type of drinking water, geographical location and genetic predisposition. Copper status becomes even more relevant not only in rare genetic disorders such as Wilson disease but in diseases such as cardiovascular ones, impaired glucose tolerance and neuro-degenerative and tumor diseases. The study aimed to examine the distribution of serum Cu and Zn in a representative group of the Bulgarian population and to describe factors which influence metal content. It also aimed to describe the link between serum Cu levels and the frequency of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Bulgarians. Cu and Zn in serum were measured in 379 individuals (172 males and 207 females) from 5 different regions in Bulgaria by flame atomic absorption using AAnalyst 400, Perkin Elmer. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS, 19. Median and inert-quartile range (IQR) for blood Cu were 15.89 (13.87-7.89) μmol/L and for Zn - 13.00 (11.7-14.68) μmol/L in the examined group. Higher Cu levels in females than in males were found (p < 0.001). Decrease of Zn with aging was established (p > 0.05). Significant difference (p < 0.05) was found in serum Cu between young people (< 30 year old) and adults over 61 year old. Statistically significant difference in Cu and Zn was observed (p < 0.05) in respect of residences. Difference without significance was measured between serum lipids and serum Cu (p = 0.541) and Zn (p = 0.741).
Published: 2016
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4. Serum and Urine Copper – Contamination and Stability

Author: Dimitrova Ivanova I., Atanasova B., Dragneva S., Vladimirova L., Krastev Z., Kostadinova A., Ivanova A., and Tzatchev K.
Subjects: cu, atomic absorption, pre-analytical phase, contamination, stability, dpenicillamine, Medicine
Abstract: Pre-analytical factors of variation need to be carefully considered and investigated in efforts to harmonize all aspects of the total testing process. This study aimed to evaluate contamination and stability in copper (Cu) analysis of serum and urine by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and to compare the stability of urine Cu in controls and in D-penicillamine (D-PA) administration. Cu was measured by AAnalyst 400, Perkin Elmer, USA. Blood was collected in BD Vacutainer®SSTTM II Advance tubes and BD Vacutainer® Trace Element tubes. Sterile polyethylene and polypropylene vessels for collection, transportation, storage and preliminary preparation of samples were used in urinalysis. Stability in serum and 24 h urine was evaluated in two temperature regimens: 15-25°C and 2-8°C, for particular time of storage. No significant differences (p = 0.20) in Cu concentration was found between the two types of tested tubes with patient`s sera. The stability of the samples (serum and urine) was better at refrigeration temperature. In urine the stability was better in D-PA administration.Standardization of Cu analysis could be achieved by assessing the aspects of pre-analytical factors of variations.
Published: 2015
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5. Nephrotic syndrome after treatment with D-penicillamine in a patient with Wilson’s disease

Author: Kostadinova Anna D., Mihaylov Marian Y., Ivanova Irena D., and Robeva Rayna T.
Subjects: wilson’s disease, d-penicillamine, urinary copper excretion, Medicine
Abstract: Wilson’s disease is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder of copper balance leading to accumulation of copper mainly in liver and brain result from absent or reduced function of copper-transporting P-type ATPase. Copper is an essential trace element but in Wilson’s disease it accumulate to the point of toxicity. D-penicillamine is a classic drug for treatment of Wilson’s disease. Its major effect is to promote the urinary copper excretion. The use of D-penicillamine in the therapy of Wilson’s disease is known to be complicated by the development of various glomerular diseases. In this report we describe the development of nephrotic syndrome after 2 years treatment with D-penicillamine in a 31-year-old male undergoing treatment for Wilson’s disease, with a prompt regression at the discontinuation of the drug. We present this case to draw attention to the rare complication as nephrotic syndrome in patients with Wilson’s disease under D-penicillamine treatment and possible underlying causes. It is strongly necessary the therapy and clinical condition of patients with Wilson’s disease to be monitoring regularly - we recommended monthly.
Published: 2014
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6. Digital pathology with artificial intelligence analysis provides insight to the efficacy of anti-fibrotic compounds in human 3D MASH model

Author: Radina Kostadinova, Simon Ströbel, Li Chen, Katia Fiaschetti‑Egli, Jana Gadient, Agnieszka Pawlowska, Louis Petitjean, Manuela Bieri, Eva Thoma, and Mathieu Petitjean
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe liver disease characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis. The development of MASH therapies has been hindered by the lack of human translational models and limitations of analysis techniques for fibrosis. The MASH three-dimensional (3D) InSight™ human liver microtissue (hLiMT) model recapitulates pathophysiological features of the disease. We established an algorithm for automated phenotypic quantification of fibrosis of Sirius Red stained histology sections of MASH hLiMTs model using a digital pathology quantitative single-fiber artificial intelligence (AI) FibroNest™ image analysis platform. The FibroNest™ algorithm for MASH hLiMTs was validated using anti-fibrotic reference compounds with different therapeutic modalities-ALK5i and anti-TGF-β antibody. The phenotypic quantification of fibrosis demonstrated that both reference compounds decreased the deposition of fibrillated collagens in alignment with effects on the secretion of pro-collagen type I/III, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 and pro-fibrotic gene expression. In contrast, clinical compounds, Firsocostat and Selonsertib, alone and in combination showed strong anti-fibrotic effects on the deposition of collagen fibers, however less pronounced on the secretion of pro-fibrotic biomarkers. In summary, the phenotypic quantification of fibrosis of MASH hLiMTs combined with secretion of pro-fibrotic biomarkers and transcriptomics represents a promising drug discovery tool for assessing anti-fibrotic compounds.
Published: 2024
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7. Anti-inflammatory and in vitro antioxidant activities of Satureja montana dry extract

Author: Natalia Vilmosh, Maria Georgieva-Kotetarova, Ilin Kandilarov, Hristina Zlatanova-Tenisheva, Mariana Murdjeva, Veselina Kirina, Stela Dimitrova, Mariana Katsarova, Petko Denev, and Ivanka Kostadinova
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Introduction: Many chronic somatic and psychiatric diseases are associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which have detrimental effects on human health. Aim: To investigate the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo immunomodulatory activities of Satureja montana dry extract. Material and methods: The in vitro antioxidant activity of Satureja montana dry extract was assessed using ORAC, HORAC, and electrochemical methods. Immunomodulatory activity was evaluated in acute and chronic stress models by measuring the serum levels of cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in a cohort of 112 male 8-week-old Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into 7 groups for each of both stress models and then subjected to ELISA analysis (14 groups with 8 rats in each group). The rodents were gavaged with a dry extract of Satureja montana (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg), rosmarinic acid (15 mg/kg), and carvacrol (500 mg/kg) for 14 days and 60 days, respectively. Results: We demonstrated that, for all employed in vitro methods, the dried extract of Satureja montana exhibited considerable antioxidant activity. Satureja montana did not significantly lower serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, or IL-1β in either stress model as compared to the positive saline control group. On the other hand, in the acute stress model, a dose of 250 mg/kg of Satureja montana significantly decreased IL-6 in comparison to carvacrol and significantly reduced TNF-α and IL-6 in comparison to rosmarinic acid. Conclusion: Although Satureja montana dry extract has significant antioxidant activity in vitro, its influence on systemic inflammation is still unknown. Future research will look into how it affects serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Published: 2024
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8. Cannabidiol improves memory and decreases IL-1β serum levels in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation

Author: Maria Georgieva-Kotetarova, Ilin Kandilarov, Natalia Vilmosh, Hristina Zlatanova, Nikolay Yanchev, Delian Delev, Tihomir Dermendzhiev, Marianna Murdjeva, Ivanka Kostadinova, and Ilia Kostadinov
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Aim: Memory improving and anti-inflammatory properties of cannabidiol (CBD) were investigated in an experimental model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, LPS control, LPS + CBD 5 mg/kg bw, and LPS + CBD 10 mg/kg bw. Animals were treated with CBD 14 days before LPS administration and throughout the experiment. Step-through passive avoidance task, Y-maze, and novel object recognition test (NORT) were used to assess the memory functions. The following parameters were recorded: latency time, spontaneous alternations percentage (SA%) and recognition index (RI). IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β serum levels were measured to evaluate the immunomodulatory properties of CBD. Results: LPS led to significant decrease of the recorded parameters in all memory tasks. This demonstrated the memory-impairing effect of LPS-induced inflammation. In the Y-maze and NORT tests, both doses of CBD increased SA% and RI, respectively. Significant difference was found in comparison with the LPS controls. Rats from the CBD treated groups showed increased latency in the step-through passive avoidance task. In the short-term memory test, both CBD doses significantly increased this parameter when compared with both control groups (p
Published: 2023
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9. Composition and chronic toxicity of dry methanol-aqueous extract of wild-growing Satureja montana

Author: Natalia Vilmosh, Maria Georgieva-Kotetarova, Stela Dimitrova, Maria Zgureva, Pepa K. Atanassova, Petar I. Hrischev, and Ivanka Kostadinova
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Introduction: Satureja montana is a wild growing medicinal plant, part of the Lamiaceae family. This herb is well known as a source of phenolic compounds, which can vary in a broad range depending on different factors and exert many pharmacological activities. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the composition and chronic toxicity of dry extract of Satureja montana. Material and methods: The composition was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatographic system with diode-array detector. To establish the chronic toxicity of dry extract of Satureja montana we used 40 eight-week-old male Wistar rats, treated orally with saline, olive oil (control groups), Satureja montana at a dose of 500 mg/kg bw, carvacrol – 500 mg/kg bw, and rosmarinic acid – 15 mg/kg bw. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and blood samples and organs for histological examination were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using IBM SPSS 19.0. Results: Rosmarinic acid and small quantities of carvacrol were found in the dry extract of Satureja montana. Full blood count and the biochemical parameters ASAT, ALAT, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and ionized Ca were in the reference values for 17+ weeks old male Wistar rats. The histological samples showed no signs of organ toxicity. Conclusions: The main ingredient in the dry extract of Satureja montana is rosmarinic acid. The extract is not toxic after 90-days oral administration.
Published: 2023
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10. How Sensitive and Specific are Rapid Antigen Tests for SARS-CoV-2 – The Experience of One of the Biggest Bulgarian Hospitals

Author: Niyazi D., Todorova T., Stoykova Zh., Kostadinova Ts., Bozhkova M., and Stoeva T.
Subjects: covid-19, sensitivity, specificity, point-of-care systems, Medicine
Abstract: Rapid point-of-care tests that detect antigens specific for SARS-CoV-2 are less expensive and faster than the standard molecular methods. However, their accuracy varies widely between tests, populations and settings. We decided to assess the diagnostic precision of antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2 in a real-life hospital environment. In a cohort of 2677 hospitalized patients, we found a sensitivity of 60.2% (95% CI 57.1%-63.4%) and a specificity of 98.1% (95% CI 97.4%-98.7%) for the antigen tests when compared to RT-PCR. The accuracy of antigen testing could be acceptable in a hospital setting, especially when the result is consistent with the clinical and epidemiological context. When there is discordance between the antigen test result and the patient’s symptoms, a confirmation with molecular methods is needed.
Published: 2023
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11. Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection among Hemodialysis Patients from Southern Bulgaria

Author: Ani Kevorkyan, Elitsa Golkocheva-Markova, Ralitsa Raycheva, Vanya Rangelova, Radka Komitova, Mariya Atanasova, Valeri Tzekov, Tanya Kostadinova, and Tsvetelina Chardakova
Subjects: HEV prevalence, hemodialysis patients, predictors for seropositivity, Medicine
Abstract: Viral hepatitis B and C are widely recognized problems in hemodialysis (HD) patients. There have been increasing reports of the importance of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) in recent years, but the worldwide data on the seroprevalence of HEV among them are conflicting. The aim of the present study was to assess the seroprevalence of HEV in HD patients and to analyze the predictors of seropositivity. This study was conducted in 2020 in the central part of southern Bulgaria. A total of 225 patients were enrolled. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of anti-HEV IgM/IgG was used. All patients were tested for the presence of HEV RNA. Anti-HEV IgM alone and anti-HEV IgG alone were found in 6 (2.7%) and 14 (6.2%) patients, respectively, and in 4 (1.8%) patients, they were found simultaneously. All patients were HEV RNA-negative. The overall HEV seroprevalence was 10.7% (24/225). The binominal logistic regression analysis of available predictors confirmed the role of vascular access and a duration of dialysis treatment over 5 years as predictors significantly associated with increased risk for HEV, and the consumption of bottled water with lower levels of HEV IgG seroprevalence among hemodialysis patients. The accumulated data are the basis for comparative analysis in subsequent trials in the same dialysis centers and for enhancing the range of screening markers used in this particular patient group.
Published: 2023
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12. Role of Serum Uromodulin in the Early Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease

Author: I. Ivanova, N. Koleva, Ts. Vutova, Ventsislava Pencheva, Diyan Genov, M. Hristova, M. Nikolova, A. Kostadinova, and A. Kundurdgiev
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Tamm–Horsfall protein, biology, business.industry, 030232 urology & nephrology, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, urologic and male genital diseases, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, serum creatinine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, cystatin c, biology.protein, Medicine, biomarker, business, serum uromodulin, chronic kidney disease, Kidney disease
Abstract: Background: The diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is usually delayed, when significant functional renal impairment has already occurred. The diagnosis is complex and clinical and laboratory investigations play a crucial role. There are well-established markers of CKD – serum creatinine and cystatin C. However, the search for new reliable biomarkers that aid in the assessment of kidney function and predict the evolution of the disease is still in progress. Objective: To investigate the role of serum uromodulin (sUmod) as a marker for early diagnosis of renal impairment in patients with CKD. Materials and Methods: We investigated 70 patients, 28 male and 42 female, mean age 56.53 ± 11.753, with CKD in a prospective observational study. All patients were admitted to the Clinic of Nephrology at the “St. Ivan Rilski” University Hospital between April and November 2019. After obtaining written informed consent, laboratory blood and urine tests, abdominal ultrasound and sUmod investigations were performed in all patients. Results: Plasma uromodulin levels showed decrease with the increasing of the severity of renal impairment. sUmod displayed inverse correlation with serum creatinine (r = -0.467, p < 0.0001), cystatin C (r = -0.430, p < 0.0001) and urea (r = -0.495, p < 0.0001) and a positive correlation with eGFR (r = 0.628, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The results of our study show that sUmod levels significantly correlate with all established laboratory parameters used for the evaluation of renal impairment. It can be used as a potential early biomarker for CKD diagnosis.
Published: 2021

13. The Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Evaluating the Efficacy of Radiofrequency Ablation in Metastatic and Primary Liver Tumors: Preliminary Results

Author: Stoyan Handzhiev, Irena Dimitrova Kostadinova, and Gabriela Mateva
Subjects: PET-CT, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Radiofrequency ablation, Ultrasound, Computed tomography, law.invention, Positron emission tomography, law, Partial response, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Fdg pet ct, Radiology, business, Complete response
Abstract: Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate the role of 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for evaluating the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in primary and metastatic liver tumors compared with contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination (CEUS) and to find its place in overall staging and the follow-up diagnostic algorithm. Methods PET/CT examinations were performed 2 months after RFA for 20 patients with a total of 34 liver lesions. CEUS was performed within 10 days after PET/CT, and the results were compared. Seven patients were staged with PET/CT and the others with a contrast-enhanced CT. Results A total of 48 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations were performed. We observed complete response in 8 patients (40%), 2 patients (10%) had stable disease, one (5%) had partial response, and 9 patients (45%) had progression (including 2 cases with extrahepatic involvement). Compared with CEUS, there was a mismatch in 3 cases. Five patients underwent additional RFA for 7 lesions. Conclusion According to our preliminary data, PET/CT may be a valuable method, with comparable or eventually even better sensitivity than CEUS, for early evaluation of the efficacy of RFA for the treatment of metastatic and primary liver lesions and planning of future treatment. PET/CT might be recommended as a staging method before undergoing RFA of liver lesions for determining the local extent of the disease in the liver in combination with CEUS with an advantage in visualization of extrahepatic involvement. However, more patients need to be investigated in order to demonstrate and confirm the obtained results with certainty.
Published: 2021
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14. International Impact of COVID-19 on the Diagnosis of Heart Disease

Author: Einstein, A. J., Shaw, L. J., Hirschfeld, C., Williams, M. C., Villines, T. C., Better, N., Vitola, J. V., Cerci, R., Dorbala, S., Raggi, P., Choi, A. D., Lu, B., Sinitsyn, V., Sergienko, V., Kudo, T., Norgaard, B. L., Maurovich-Horvat, P., Campisi, R., Milan, E., Louw, L., Allam, A. H., Bhatia, M., Malkovskiy, E., Goebel, B., Cohen, Y., Randazzo, M., Narula, J., Pascual, T. N. B., Pynda, Y., Dondi, M., Gerd Hinterleitner, Paez D., Yao, Lu, Olga, Morozova, Zhuoran, Xu, Juan, Lopez-Mattei, Purvi, Parwani, Mohammad Nawaz Nasery, Artan, Goda, Ervina, Shirka, Rabie, Benlabgaa, Salah, Bouyoucef, Abdelkader, Medjahedi, Qais, Nailli, Mariela, Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria Del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo, Arroñada, Andrea, Astesiano, Alfredo, Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo, Benteo, Juan, Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul, Cabrejas, Jorge, Cachero, Alejandro, Canderoli, Silvia, Carames, Patrícia, Carrascosa, Ricardo, Castro, Oscar, Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos, Collaud, Claudia, Cortes, Javier, Courtis, Daniel, Cragnolino, Mariana, Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando, Dettori, Alejandro, Deviggiano, Laura, Dragonetti, Mario, Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge, Ensinas, Fernando, Faccio, Adolfo, Facello, Diego, Garofalo, Ricardo, Geronazzo, Natalia, Gonza, Lucas, Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor, Hasbani, Melina, Huerin, Victor, Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves, A López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra, Marquez, Osvaldo, Masoli, Edgardo, Mastrovito, Matias, Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal, Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana, Molteni, Marcos, Montecinos, Eduardo, Noguera, Carlos, Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo, Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro, Radzinschi, Gustavo, Raimondi, Marcela, Redruello, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico, Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia, Solari, Bruno, Strada, Sonia, Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria Del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan, Wolcan, Susana, Zeffiro, Mari, Sakanyan, Scott, Beuzeville, Raef, Boktor, Patrick, Butler, Jennifer, Calcott, Loretta, Carr, Virgil, Chan, Charles, Chao, Woon, Chong, Mark, Dobson, D'Arne, Downie, Girish, Dwivedi, Barry, Elison, Jean, Engela, Roslyn, Francis, Anand, Gaikwad, Ashok Gangasandra Basavaraj, Bruce, Goodwin, Robert, Greenough, Christian, Hamilton-Craig, Victar, Hsieh, Subodh, Joshi, Karin, Lederer, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Lee, John, Magnussen, Nghi, Mai, Gordon, Mander, Fiona, Murton, Dee, Nandurkar, Johanne, Neill, Edward, O'Rourke, Patricia, O'Sullivan, George, Pandos, Kunthi, Pathmaraj, Alexander, Pitman, Rohan, Poulter, Manuja, Premaratne, David, Prior, Lloyd, Ridley, Natalie, Rutherford, Hamid, Salehi, Connor, Saunders, Luke, Scarlett, Sujith, Seneviratne, Deepa, Shetty, Ganesh, Shrestha, Jonathan, Shulman, Vijay, Solanki, Tony, Stanton, Murch, Stuart, Michael, Stubbs, Ian, Swainson, Kim, Taubman, Andrew, Taylor, Paul, Thomas, Steven, Unger, Anthony, Upton, Shankar, Vamadevan, William Van Gaal, Johan, Verjans, Demetrius, Voutnis, Victor, Wayne, Peter, Wilson, David, Wong, Kirby, Wong, John, Younger, Gudrun, Feuchtner, Siroos, Mirzaei, Konrad, Weiss, Natallia, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Olivier, Gheysens, Filip, Homans, Rodrigo, Moreno-Reyes, Agnès, Pasquet, Veronique, Roelants, Caroline, M Van De Heyning, Raúl Araujo Ríos, Valentina, Soldat-Stankovic, Sinisa, Stankovic, Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto, Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana, Andrade, Carlos, Anselmi, Roberta, Araújo, Guilherme, Azevedo, Sabbrina, Bezerra, Rodrigo, Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone, Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara, Carreira, Bruno, Castro, Tien, Chang, Fernando Cunali Jr, Roberto, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda, Erthal, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno, Ghini, Luiz, Goncalves, Ilan, Gottlieb, Marcelo, Hadlich, Vinícius, Kameoka, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado, E Silva, Tiago, Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio, Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania, Naue, Danilo, Naves, Roberto, Nolasco, Cesar, Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo, Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim, Pinto, Priscila, Possetti, Mayra, Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo, Rocha, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Rodrigues, Leila, Romantini, Adelina, Sanches, Sara, Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo, Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago, Senra, Afonso, Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano, Siqueira, Paola, Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo, Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge, Torreao, Rafael, Torres, Marly, Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia, Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto, Waltrick, Marcello, Zapparoli, Hamid, Naseer, Marina, Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena, Kostadinova, Youdaline, Theng, Gad, Abikhzer, Rene, Barette, Benjamin, Chow, Dominique, Dabreo, Matthias, Friedrich, Ria, Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris, Johnson, Marla, Kiess, Jonathon, Leipsic, Eugene, Leung, Robert, Miller, Anastasia, Oikonomou, Stephan, Probst, Idan, Roifman, Gary, Small, Vikas, Tandon, Adwait, Trivedi, James, White, Katherine, Zukotynski, Jose, Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen, Concha, Pablo, Hidalgo, Cesar, Lovera, Teresa, Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas, Pedro, Abad, Harold, Arturo, Sandra, Ayala, Luis, Benitez, Alberto, Cadena, Carlos, Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon, Gomez, Claudia, T Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia, Jaimes, Juan Luis Londoño Blair, Luz, Pabon, Mauricio, Pineda, Juan Carlos Rojas, Diego, Ruiz, Manuel Valencia Escobar, Andres, Vasquez, Damiana, Vergel, Alejandro, Zuluaga, Isabel Berrocal Gamboa, Gabriel, Castro, Ulises, González, Ana, Baric, Tonci, Batinic, Maja, Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Mladen, Jukic, Petar, Medakovic, Viktor, Persic, Marina, Prpic, Ante, Punda, Juan Felipe Batista, Juan Manuel Gómez Lauchy, Yamile Marcos Gutierrez, Rayner, Menéndez, Amalia, Peix, Luis, Rochela, Christoforos, Panagidis, Ioannis, Petrou, Vaclav, Engelmann, Milan, Kaminek, Vladimír, Kincl, Otto, Lang, Milan, Simanek, Jawdat, Abdulla, Morten, Bøttcher, Mette, Christensen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Philip, Hasbak, Søren, Hess, Paw, Holdgaard, Allan, Johansen, Kasper, Kyhl, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Rolf, Steffensen, Anders, Thomassen, Zerahn, Bo, Alfredo, Perez, Giovanni Alejandro Escorza Velez, Mayra Sanchez Velez, Islam Shawky Abdel Aziz, Mahasen, Abougabal, Taghreed, Ahmed, Ahmed, Asfour, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Hassan, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Sameh, Kaffas, Ahmed, Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Ahmad, Mansy, Hany, Maurice, Sherif, Nabil, Mahmoud, Shaaban, Ana Camila Flores, Anne, Poksi, Juhani, Knuuti, Velipekka, Kokkonen, Martti, Larikka, Valtteri, Uusitalo, Matthieu, Bailly, Samuel, Burg, Jean-François, Deux, Vincent, Habouzit, Fabien, Hyafil, Olivier, Lairez, Franck, Proffit, Hamza, Regaieg, Laure, Sarda-Mantel, Vania, Tacher, Roman, P Schneider, 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Ahmed Tawakol, Dustin, Thomas, Randall, Thompson, Tara, Torbet, Desiree, Trinidad, Shawn, Ullery, Samuel, Unzek, Seth, Uretsky, Srikanth, Vallurupalli, Vikas, Verma, Alfonso, Waller, Ellen, Wang, Parker, Ward, Gaby, Weissman, George, Wesbey, Kelly, White, David, Winchester, David, Wolinsky, Sandra, Yost, Michael, Zgaljardic, Omar, Alonso, Mario, Beretta, Rodolfo, Ferrando, Miguel, Kapitan, Fernando, Mut, Omoa, Djuraev, Gulnora, Rozikhodjaeva, Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, Xuan Canh Nguyen, Einstein, A. J., Shaw, L. J., Hirschfeld, C., Williams, M. C., Villines, T. C., Better, N., Vitola, J. V., Cerci, R., Dorbala, S., Raggi, P., Choi, A. D., Lu, B., Sinitsyn, V., Sergienko, V., Kudo, T., Norgaard, B. L., Maurovich-Horvat, P., Campisi, R., Milan, E., Louw, L., Allam, A. H., Bhatia, M., Malkovskiy, E., Goebel, B., Cohen, Y., Randazzo, M., Narula, J., Pascual, T. N. B., Pynda, Y., Dondi, M., Paez, D., Cuocolo, A., Einstein, A, Shaw, L, Hirschfeld, C, Williams, M, Villines, T, Better, N, Vitola, J, Cerci, R, Dorbala, S, Raggi, P, Choi, A, Lu, B, Sinitsyn, V, Sergienko, V, Kudo, T, Norgaard, B, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Campisi, R, Milan, E, Louw, L, Allam, A, Bhatia, M, Malkovskiy, E, Goebel, B, Cohen, Y, Randazzo, M, Narula, J, Pascual, T, Pynda, Y, Dondi, M, Paez, D, Pacella, S, and Erba, P
Subjects: INCAPS COVID Investigators Group, Heart disease, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular, coronavirus, global health, IAEA, Disease, Telehealth, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiovascular, 0302 clinical medicine, cardiovascular disease, cardiac testing, COVID-19, diagnostic techniques, cardiovascular, health care surveys, heart diseases, humans, international agencies, Pandemic, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, COVID-19 Heart Disease, Cause of death, STATEMENT, Heart Disease, International Agencie, Public Health and Health Services, Biomedical Imaging, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Clinical Research, medicine, Humans, Personal protective equipment, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, business.industry, International Agencies, medicine.disease, the, coronaviru, Diagnostic Techniques, Good Health and Well Being, Clinical research, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Health Care Survey, Health Care Surveys, Emergency medicine, Global Health, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected diagnosis and treatment of noncommunicable diseases. Its effects on delivery of diagnostic care for cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of death worldwide, have not been quantified. OBJECTIVES The study sought to assess COVID-19`s impact on global cardiovascular diagnostic procedural volumes and safety practices. METHODS The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey assessing alterations in cardiovascular procedure volumes and safety practices resulting from COVID-19. Noninvasive and invasive cardiac testing volumes were obtained from participating sites for March and April 2020 and compared with those from March 2019. Availability of personal protective equipment and pandemic-related testing practice changes were ascertained. RESULTS Surveys were submitted from 909 inpatient and outpatient centers performing cardiac diagnostic procedures, in 108 countries. Procedure volumes decreased 42% from March 2019 to March 2020, and 64% from March 2019 to April 2020. Transthoradc echocardiography decreased by 59%, transesophageat echocardiography 76%, and stress tests 78%, which varied between stress modalities. Coronary angiography (invasive or computed tomography) decreased 55% (p < 0.001 for each procedure). hi multivariable regression, significantly greater reduction in procedures occurred for centers in countries with lower gross domestic product. Location in a low-income and lower-middle-income country was associated with an additional 22% reduction in cardiac procedures and less availability of personal protective equipment and teteheatth. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 was associated with a significant and abrupt reduction in cardiovascular diagnostic testing across the globe, especially affecting the world's economically challenged. Further study of cardiovascular outcomes and COVID-19-related changes in care delivery is warranted. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
Published: 2021
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15. Impact of COVID-19 on Cardiovascular Testing in the United States Versus the Rest of the World

Author: Hirschfeld, Cole B., Shaw, Leslee J., Williams, Michelle C., Lahey, Ryan, Villines, Todd C., Dorbala, Sharmila, Choi, Andrew D., Shah, Nishant R., Bluemke, David A., Berman, Daniel S., Blankstein, Ron, Ferencik, Maros, Narula, Jagat, Winchester, David, Malkovskiy, Eli, Goebel, Benjamin, Randazzo, Michael J., Lopez-Mattei, Juan, Parwani, Purvi, Vitola, Joao V., Cerci, Rodrigo J., Better, Nathan, Raggi, Paolo, Lu, Bin, Sergienko, Vladimir, Sinitsyn, Valentin, Kudo, Takashi, Nørgaard, Bjarne Linde, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Cohen, Yosef A., Pascual, Thomas N. B., Pynda, Yaroslav, Dondi, Maurizio, Paez, Diana, Einstein, Andrew J., Cerci, Rodrigo, Hinterleitner, Gerd, Lu, Yao, Morozova, Olga, Xu, Zhuoran, Cohen, Yosef, Randazzo, Michael, Choi, Andrew, Nasery, Mohammad Nawaz, Goda, Artan, Shirka, Ervina, Benlabgaa, Rabie, Bouyoucef, Salah, Medjahedi, Abdelkader, Nailli, Qais, Agolti, Mariela, Aguero, Roberto Nicolas, Alak, Maria del Carmen, Alberguina, Lucia Graciela, Arroñada, Guillermo, Astesiano, Andrea, Astesiano, Alfredo, Norton, Carolina Bas, Benteo, Pablo, Blanco, Juan, Bonelli, Juan Manuel, Bustos, Jose Javier, Cabrejas, Raul, Cachero, Jorge, Campisi, Roxana, Canderoli, Alejandro, Carames, Silvia, Carrascosa, Patrícia, Castro, Ricardo, Cendoya, Oscar, Cognigni, Luciano Martin, Collaud, Carlos, Cortes, Claudia, Courtis, Javier, Cragnolino, Daniel, Daicz, Mariana, De La Vega, Alejandro, De Maria, Silvia Teresa, Del Riego, Horacio, Dettori, Fernando, Deviggiano, Alejandro, Dragonetti, Laura, Embon, Mario, Enriquez, Ruben Emilio, Ensinas, Jorge, Faccio, Fernando, Facello, Adolfo, Garofalo, Diego, Geronazzo, Ricardo, Gonza, Natalia, Gutierrez, Lucas, Guzzo, Miguel Angel, Hasbani, Victor, Huerin, Melina, Jäger, Victor, Lewkowicz, Julio Manuel, Nieves A López De Munaín, Maria, Lotti, Jose Maria, Marquez, Alejandra, Masoli, Osvaldo, Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio, Mastrovito, Edgardo, Mayoraz, Matias, Melado, Graciela Eva, Mele, Anibal, Merani, Maria Fernanda, Meretta, Alejandro Horacio, Molteni, Susana, Montecinos, Marcos, Noguera, Eduardo, Novoa, Carlos, Sueldo, Claudio Pereyra, Ascani, Sebastian Perez, Pollono, Pablo, Pujol, Maria Paula, Radzinschi, Alejandro, Raimondi, Gustavo, Redruello, Marcela, Rodríguez, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Romero, Romina Lorena, Acuña, Arturo Romero, Rovaletti, Federico, San Miguel, Lucas, Solari, Lucrecia, Strada, Bruno, Traverso, Sonia, Traverzo, Sonia Simona, Espeche, Maria del Huerto Velazquez, Weihmuller, Juan Sebastian, Wolcan, Juan, Zeffiro, Susana, Sakanyan, Mari, Beuzeville, Scott, Boktor, Raef, Butler, Patrick, Calcott, Jennifer, Carr, Loretta, Chan, Virgil, Chao, Charles, Chong, Woon, Dobson, Mark, Downie, D'Arne, Dwivedi, Girish, Elison, Barry, Engela, Jean, Francis, Roslyn, Gaikwad, Anand, Basavaraj, Ashok Gangasandra, Goodwin, Bruce, Greenough, Robert, Hamilton-Craig, Christian, Hsieh, Victar, Joshi, Subodh, Lederer, Karin, Lee, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Magnussen, John, Mai, Nghi, Mander, Gordon, Murton, Fiona, Nandurkar, Dee, Neill, Johanne, O'Rourke, Edward, O'Sullivan, Patricia, Pandos, George, Pathmaraj, Kunthi, Pitman, Alexander, Poulter, Rohan, Premaratne, Manuja, Prior, David, Ridley, Lloyd, Rutherford, Natalie, Salehi, Hamid, Saunders, Connor, Scarlett, Luke, Seneviratne, Sujith, Shetty, Deepa, Shrestha, Ganesh, Shulman, Jonathan, Solanki, Vijay, Stanton, Tony, Stuart, Murch, Stubbs, Michael, Swainson, Ian, Taubman, Kim, Taylor, Andrew, Thomas, Paul, Unger, Steven, Upton, Anthony, Vamadevan, Shankar, Van Gaal, William, Verjans, Johan, Voutnis, Demetrius, Wayne, Victor, Wilson, Peter, Wong, David, Wong, Kirby, Younger, John, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Mirzaei, Siroos, Weiss, Konrad, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Natallia, Gheysens, Olivier, Homans, Filip, Moreno-Reyes, Rodrigo, Pasquet, Agnès, Roelants, Veronique, Van De Heyning, Caroline M., Ríos, Raúl Araujo, Soldat-Stankovic, Valentina, Stankovic, Sinisa, Albernaz Siqueira, Maria Helena, Almeida, Augusto, Alves Togni, Paulo Henrique, Andrade, Jose Henrique, Andrade, Luciana, Anselmi, Carlos, Araújo, Roberta, Azevedo, Guilherme, Bezerra, Sabbrina, Biancardi, Rodrigo, Grossman, Gabriel Blacher, Brandão, Simone, Pianta, Diego Bromfman, Carreira, Lara, Castro, Bruno, Chang, Tien, Cunali, Fernando, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Roberto, de Amorim Fernandes, Fernando, De Lorenzo, Andrea, De Macedo Filho, Robson, Erthal, Fernanda, Fernandes, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, De Souza, Thiago Ferreira, Alves, Wilson Furlan, Ghini, Bruno, Goncalves, Luiz, Gottlieb, Ilan, Hadlich, Marcelo, Kameoka, Vinícius, Lima, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lopes, Rafael Willain, Machado e Silva, Ricardo, Magalhães, Tiago, Silva, Fábio Martins, Mastrocola, Luiz Eduardo, Medeiros, Fábio, Meneghetti, José Claudio, Naue, Vania, Naves, Danilo, Nolasco, Roberto, Nomura, Cesar, Oliveira, Joao Bruno, Paixao, Eduardo, De Carvalho, Filipe Penna, Pinto, Ibraim, Possetti, Priscila, Quinta, Mayra, Nogueira Ramos, Rodrigo Rizzo, Rocha, Ricardo, Rodrigues, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Romantini, Leila, Sanches, Adelina, Santana, Sara, Sara da Silva, Leonardo, Schvartzman, Paulo, Matushita, Cristina Sebastião, Senra, Tiago, Shiozaki, Afonso, Menezes de Siqueira, Maria Eduarda, Siqueira, Cristiano, Smanio, Paola, Soares, Carlos Eduardo, Junior, José Soares, Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer, Spiro, Bernardo, Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco, Torreao, Jorge, Torres, Rafael, Uellendahl, Marly, Monte, Guilherme Urpia, Veríssimo, Otávia, Cabeda, Estevan Vieira, Pedras, Felipe Villela, Waltrick, Roberto, Zapparoli, Marcello, Naseer, Hamid, Garcheva-Tsacheva, Marina, Kostadinova, Irena, Theng, Youdaline, Abikhzer, Gad, Barette, Rene, Chow, Benjamin, Dabreo, Dominique, Friedrich, Matthias, Garg, Ria, Hafez, Mohammed Nassoh, Johnson, Chris, Kiess, Marla, Leipsic, Jonathon, Leung, Eugene, Miller, Robert, Oikonomou, Anastasia, Probst, Stephan, Roifman, Idan, Small, Gary, Tandon, Vikas, Trivedi, Adwait, White, James, Zukotynski, Katherine, Canessa, Jose, Muñoz, Gabriel Castro, Concha, Carmen, Hidalgo, Pablo, Lovera, Cesar, Massardo, Teresa, Vargas, Luis Salazar, Abad, Pedro, Arturo, Harold, Ayala, Sandra, Benitez, Luis, Cadena, Alberto, Caicedo, Carlos, Moncayo, Antonio Calderón, Gomez, Sharon, Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia T., Jaimes, Claudia, Londoño, Juan, Londoño Blair, Juan Luis, Pabon, Luz, Pineda, Mauricio, Rojas, Juan Carlos, Ruiz, Diego, Escobar, Manuel Valencia, Vasquez, Andres, Vergel, Damiana, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Gamboa, Isabel Berrocal, Castro, Gabriel, González, Ulises, Baric, Ana, Batinic, Tonci, Franceschi, Maja, Paar, Maja Hrabak, Jukic, Mladen, Medakovic, Petar, Persic, Viktor, Prpic, Marina, Punda, Ante, Batista, Juan Felipe, Gómez Lauchy, Juan Manuel, Gutierrez, Yamile Marcos, Menéndez, Rayner, Peix, Amalia, Rochela, Luis, Panagidis, Christoforos, Petrou, Ioannis, Engelmann, Vaclav, Kaminek, Milan, Kincl, Vladimír, Lang, Otto, Simanek, Milan, Abdulla, Jawdat, Bøttcher, Morten, Christensen, Mette, Gormsen, Lars Christian, Hasbak, Philip, Hess, Søren, Holdgaard, Paw, Johansen, Allan, Kyhl, Kasper, Norgaard, Bjarne Linde, Øvrehus, Kristian Altern, Rønnow Sand, Niels Peter, Steffensen, Rolf, Thomassen, Anders, Zerahn, Bo, Perez, Alfredo, Escorza Velez, Giovanni Alejandro, Velez, Mayra Sanchez, Abdel Aziz, Islam Shawky, Abougabal, Mahasen, Ahmed, Taghreed, Allam, Adel, Asfour, Ahmed, Hassan, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Ibrahim, Ahmed, Kaffas, Sameh, Kandeel, Ahmed, Ali, Mohamed Mandour, Mansy, Ahmad, Maurice, Hany, Nabil, Sherif, Shaaban, Mahmoud, Flores, Ana Camila, Poksi, Anne, Knuuti, Juhani, Kokkonen, Velipekka, Larikka, Martti, Uusitalo, Valtteri, Bailly, Matthieu, Burg, Samuel, Deux, Jean-François, Habouzit, Vincent, Hyafil, Fabien, Lairez, Olivier, Proffit, Franck, Regaieg, Hamza, Sarda-Mantel, Laure, Tacher, Vania, Schneider, Roman P., Ayetey, Harold, Angelidis, George, Archontaki, Aikaterini, Chatziioannou, Sofia, Datseris, Ioannis, Fragkaki, Christina, Georgoulias, Panagiotis, Koukouraki, Sophia, Koutelou, Maria, Kyrozi, Eleni, Repasos, Evangelos, Stavrou, Petros, Valsamaki, Pipitsa, Gonzalez, Carla, Gutierrez, Goleat, Maldonado, Alejandro, Buga, Klara, Garai, Ildiko, Schmidt, Erzsébet, Szilveszter, Balint, Várady, Edit, Banthia, Nilesh, Bhagat, Jinendra Kumar, Bhargava, Rishi, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatia, Mona, Choudhury, Partha, Chowdekar, Vijay Sai, Irodi, Aparna, Jain, Shashank, Joseph, Elizabeth, Kumar, Sukriti, Girijanandan Mahapatra, Prof Dr, Mitra, Deepanjan, Mittal, Bhagwant Rai, Ozair, Ahmad, Patel, Chetan, Patel, Tapan, Patel, Ravi, Patel, Shivani, Saxena, Sudhir, Sengupta, Shantanu, Singh, Santosh, Singh, Bhanupriya, Sood, Ashwani, Verma, Atul, Affandi, Erwin, Alam Edison, Padma Savenadia, Gunawan, Gani, Hapkido, Habusari, Hidayat, Basuki, Huda, Aulia, Mukti, Anggoro Praja, Prawiro, Djoko, Soeriadi, Erwin Affandi, Syawaluddin, Hilman, Albadr, Amjed, Assadi, Majid, Emami, Farshad, Houshmand, Golnaz, Maleki, Majid, Rostami, Maryam Tajik, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zaid, Eed Abu, Agranovich, Svetlana, Arnson, Yoav, Bar-Shalom, Rachel, Frenkel, Alex, Knafo, Galit, Lugassi, Rachel, Maor Moalem, Israel Shlomo, Mor, Maya, Muskal, Noam, Ranser, Sara, Shalev, Aryeh, Albano, Domenico, Alongi, Pierpaolo, Arnone, Gaspare, Bagatin, Elisa, Baldari, Sergio, Bauckneht, Matteo, Bertelli, Paolo, Bianco, Francesco, Bonfiglioli, Rachele, Boni, Roberto, Bruno, Andrea, Bruno, Isabella, Busnardo, Elena, Califaretti, Elena, Camoni, Luca, Carnevale, Aldo, Casoni, Roberta, Cavallo, Armando Ugo, Cavenaghi, Giorgio, Chierichetti, Franca, Chiocchi, Marcello, Cittanti, Corrado, Colletta, Mauro, Conti, Umberto, Cossu, Alberto, Cuocolo, Alberto, Cuzzocrea, Marco, De Rimini, Maria Luisa, De Vincentis, Giuseppe, Del Giudice, Eleonora, Del Torto, Alberico, Della Tommasina, Veronica, Durmo, Rexhep, Erba, Paola Anna, Evangelista, Laura, Faletti, Riccardo, Faragasso, Evelina, Farsad, Mohsen, Ferro, Paola, Florimonte, Luigia, Frantellizzi, Viviana, Fringuelli, Fabio Massimo, Gatti, Marco, Gaudiano, Angela, Gimelli, Alessia, Giubbini, Raffaele, Giuffrida, Francesca, Ialuna, Salvatore, Laudicella, Riccardo, Leccisotti, Lucia, Leva, Lucia, Liga, Riccardo, Liguori, Carlo, Longo, Giampiero, Maffione, Margherita, Mancini, Maria Elisabetta, Marcassa, Claudio, Milan, Elisa, Nardi, Barbara, Pacella, Sara, Pepe, Giovanna, Pontone, Gianluca, Pulizzi, Sabina, Quartuccio, Natale, Rampin, Lucia, Ricci, Fabrizio, Rossini, Pierluigi, Rubini, Giuseppe, Russo, Vincenzo, Sacchetti, Gian Mauro, Sambuceti, Gianmario, Scarano, Massimo, Sciagrà, Roberto, Sperandio, Massimiliano, Stefanelli, Antonella, Ventroni, Guido, Zoboli, Stefania, Baugh, Dainia, Chambers, Duane, Madu, Ernest, Nunura, Felix, Asano, Hiroshi, Chimura, Chimura Misato, Fujimoto, Shinichiro, Fujisue, Koichiro, Fukunaga, Tomohisa, Fukushima, Yoshimitsu, Fukuyama, Kae, Hashimoto, Jun, Ichikawa, Yasutaka, Iguchi, Nobuo, Imai, Masamichi, Inaki, Anri, Ishimura, Hayato, Isobe, Satoshi, Kadokami, Toshiaki, Kato, Takao, Kumita, Shinichiro, Maruno, Hirotaka, Mataki, Hiroyuki, Miyagawa, Masao, Morimoto, Ryota, Moroi, Masao, Nagamachi, Shigeki, Nakajima, Kenichi, Nakata, Tomoaki, Nakazato, Ryo, Nanasato, Mamoru, Naya, Masanao, Norikane, Takashi, Ohta, Yasutoshi, Okayama, Satoshi, Okizaki, Atsutaka, Otomi, Yoichi, Otsuka, Hideki, Saito, Masaki, Sakata, Sakata Yasushi, Sarai, Masayoshi, Sato, Daisuke, Shiraishi, Shinya, Suwa, Yoshinobu, Takanami, Kentaro, Takehana, Kazuya, Taki, Junichi, Tamaki, Nagara, Taniguchi, Yasuyo, Teragawa, Hiroki, Tomizawa, Nobuo, Tsujita, Kenichi, Umeji, Kyoko, Wakabayashi, Yasushi, Yamada, Shinichiro, Yamazaki, Shinya, Yoneyama, Tatsuya, Rawashdeh, Mohammad, Batyrkhanov, Daultai, Dautov, Tairkhan, Makhdomi, Khalid, Ombati, Kevin, Alkandari, Faridah, Garashi, Masoud, Coie, Tchoyoson Lim, Rajvong, Sonexay, Kalinin, Artem, Kalnina, Marika, Haidar, Mohamad, Komiagiene, Renata, Kviecinskiene, Giedre, Mataciunas, Mindaugas, Vajauskas, Donatas, Picard, Christian, Karim, Noor Khairiah A., Reichmuth, Luise, Samuel, Anthony, Allarakha, Mohammad Aaftaab, Naojee, Ambedhkar Shantaram, Alexanderson-Rosas, Erick, Barragan, Erika, González-Montecinos, Alejandro Becerril, Cabada, Manuel, Rodriguez, Daniel Calderon, Carvajal-Juarez, Isabel, Cortés, Violeta, Cortés, Filiberto, De La Peña, Erasmo, Gama-Moreno, Manlio, González, Luis, Ramírez, Nelsy Gonzalez, Jiménez-Santos, Moisés, Matos, Luis, Monroy, Edgar, Morelos, Martha, Ornelas, Mario, Ortga Ramirez, Jose Alberto, Preciado-Anaya, Andrés, Preciado-Gutiérrez, Óscar Ulises, Barragan, Adriana Puente, Rosales Uvera, Sandra Graciela, Sandoval, Sigelinda, Tomas, Miguel Santaularia, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Siu, Silvia, Vallejo, Enrique, Valles, Mario, Faraggi, Marc, Sereegotov, Erdenechimeg, Ilic, Srdja, Ben-Rais, Nozha, Alaoui, Nadia Ismaili, Taleb, Sara, Myo, Khin Pa, Thu, Phyo Si, Ghimire, Ram Kumar, Rajbanshi, Bijoy, Barneveld, Peter, Glaudemans, Andor, Habets, Jesse, Koopmans, Klaas Pieter, Manders, Jeroen, Pool, Stefan, Scholte, Arthur, Scholtens, Asbjørn, Slart, Riemer, Thimister, Paul, Van Asperen, Erik-Jan, Veltman, Niels, Verschure, Derk, Wagenaar, Nils, Edmond, John, Ellis, Chris, Johnson, Kerryanne, Keenan, Ross, Hua, Shaw, Occleshaw, Christopher, Sasse, Alexander, To, Andrew, Van Pelt, Niels, Young, Calum, Cuadra, Teresa, Roque Vanegas, Hector Bladimir, Soli, Idrissa Adamou, Issoufou, Djibrillou Moussa, Ayodele, Tolulope, Madu, Chibuzo, Onimode, Yetunde, Efros-Monsen, Elen, Forsdahl, Signe Helene, Hildre Dimmen, Jenni-Mari, Jørgensen, Arve, Krohn, Isabel, Løvhaugen, Pål, Bråten, Anders Tjellaug, Al Dhuhli, Humoud, Al Kindi, Faiza, Al-Bulushi, Naeema, Jawa, Zabah, Tag, Naima, Afzal, Muhammad Shehzad, Fatima, Shazia, Younis, Muhammad Numair, Riaz, Musab, Saadullah, Mohammad, Herrera, Yariela, Lenturut-Katal, Dora, Vázquez, Manuel Castillo, Ortellado, José, Akhter, Afroza, Cao, Dianbo, Cheung, Stephen, Dai, Xu, Gong, Lianggeng, Han, Dan, Hou, Yang, Li, Caiying, Li, Tao, Li, Dong, Li, Sijin, Liu, Jinkang, Liu, Hui, Ng, Ming Yen, Sun, Kai, Tang, Gongshun, Wang, Jian, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhao-Qian, Wang, Yining, Wang, Yifan, Wu, Jiang, Wu, Zhifang, Xia, Liming, Xiao, Jiangxi, Xu, Lei, Yang, Youyou, Yin, Wu, Yu, Jianqun, Yuan, Li, Zhang, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Zhang, Yong-Gao, Zhang, Xiaoli, Zhu, Li, Alfaro, Ana, Abrihan, Paz, Barroso, Asela, Cruz, Eric, Gomez, Marie Rhiamar, Magboo, Vincent Peter, Medina, John Michael, Obaldo, Jerry, Pastrana, Davidson, Pawhay, Christian Michael, Quinon, Alvin, Tang, Jeanelle Margareth, Tecson, Bettina, Uson, Kristine Joy, Uy, Mila, Kostkiewicz, Magdalena, Kunikowska, Jolanta, Bettencourt, Nuno, Cantinho, Guilhermina, Ferreira, Antonio, Syed, Ghulam, Arnous, Samer, Atyani, Said, Byrne, Angela, Gleeson, Tadhg, Kerins, David, Meehan, Conor, Murphy, David, Murphy, Mark, Murray, John, O'Brien, Julie, Bang, Ji-In, Bom, Henry, Cho, Sang-Geon, Hong, Chae Moon, Jang, Su Jin, Jeong, Yong Hyu, Kang, Won Jun, Kim, Ji-Young, Lee, Jaetae, Namgung, Chang Kyeong, So, Young, Won, Kyoung Sook, Majstorov, Venjamin, Vavlukis, Marija, Salobir, Barbara Gužic, Štalc, Monika, Benedek, Theodora, Benedek, Imre, Mititelu, Raluca, Stan, Claudiu Adrian, Ansheles, Alexey, Dariy, Olga, Drozdova, Olga, Gagarina, Nina, Gulyaev, Vsevolod Milyevich, Itskovich, Irina, Karalkin, Anatoly, Kokov, Alexander, Migunova, Ekaterina, Pospelov, Viktor, Ryzhkova, Daria, Saifullina, Guzaliya, Sazonova, Svetlana, Shurupova, Irina, Trifonova, Tatjana, Ussov, Wladimir Yurievich, Vakhromeeva, Margarita, Valiullina, Nailya, Zavadovsky, Konstantin, Zhuravlev, Kirill, Alasnag, Mirvat, Okarvi, Subhani, Saranovic, Dragana Sobic, Keng, Felix, Jason See, Jia Hao, Sekar, Ramkumar, Yew, Min Sen, Vondrak, Andrej, Bejai, Shereen, Bennie, George, Bester, Ria, Engelbrecht, Gerrit, Evbuomwan, Osayande, Gongxeka, Harlem, Vuuren, Magritha Jv, Kaplan, Mitchell, Khushica, Purbhoo, Lakhi, Hoosen, Louw, Lizette, Malan, Nico, Milos, Katarina, Modiselle, Moshe, More, Stuart, Naidoo, Mathava, Scholtz, Leonie, Vangu, Mboyo, Aguadé-Bruix, Santiago, Blanco, Isabel, Cabrera, Antonio, Camarero, Alicia, Casáns-Tormo, Irene, Cuellar-Calabria, Hug, Flotats, Albert, Fuentes Cañamero, Maria Eugenia, García, María Elia, Jimenez-Heffernan, Amelia, Leta, Rubén, Diaz, Javier Lopez, Lumbreras, Luis, Marquez-Cabeza, Juan Javier, Martin, Francisco, Martinez de Alegria, Anxo, Medina, Francisco, Canal, Maria Pedrera, Peiro, Virginia, Pubul-Nuñez, Virginia, Rayo Madrid, Juan Ignacio, Rey, Cristina Rodríguez, Perez, Ricardo Ruano, Ruiz, Joaquín, Hernández, Gertrudis Sabatel, Sevilla, Ana, Zeidán, Nahla, Nanayakkara, Damayanthi, Udugama, Chandraguptha, Simonsson, Magnus, Alkadhi, Hatem, Buechel, Ronny Ralf, Burger, Peter, Ceriani, Luca, De Boeck, Bart, Gräni, Christoph, Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Alix, Kamani, Christel H., Kawel-Boehm, Nadine, Manka, Robert, Prior, John O., Rominger, Axel, Vallée, Jean-Paul, Khiewvan, Benjapa, Premprabha, Teerapon, Thientunyakit, Tanyaluck, Sellem, Ali, Kir, Kemal Metin, Sayman, Haluk, Sebikali, Mugisha Julius, Muyinda, Zerida, Kmetyuk, Yaroslav, Korol, Pavlo, Mykhalchenko, Olena, Pliatsek, Volodymyr, Satyr, Maryna, Albalooshi, Batool, Ahmed Hassan, Mohamed Ismail, Anderson, Jill, Bedi, Punit, Biggans, Thomas, Bularga, Anda, Bull, Russell, Burgul, Rajesh, Carpenter, John-Paul, Coles, Duncan, Cusack, David, Deshpande, Aparna, Dougan, John, Fairbairn, Timothy, Farrugia, Alexia, Gopalan, Deepa, Gummow, Alistair, Ramkumar, Prasad Guntur, Hamilton, Mark, Harbinson, Mark, Hartley, Thomas, Hudson, Benjamin, Joshi, Nikhil, Kay, Michael, Kelion, Andrew, Khokhar, Azhar, Kitt, Jamie, Lee, Ken, Low, Chen, Mak, Sze Mun, Marousa, Ntouskou, Martin, Jon, Mcalindon, Elisa, Menezes, Leon, Morgan-Hughes, Gareth, Moss, Alastair, Murray, Anthony, Nicol, Edward, Patel, Dilip, Peebles, Charles, Pugliese, Francesca, Luis Rodrigues, Jonathan Carl, Rofe, Christopher, Sabharwal, Nikant, Schofield, Rebecca, Semple, Thomas, Sharma, Naveen, Strouhal, Peter, Subedi, Deepak, Topping, William, Tweed, Katharine, Weir-Mccall, Jonathan, Abbara, Suhny, Abbasi, Taimur, Abbott, Brian, Abohashem, Shady, Abramson, Sandra, Al-Abboud, Tarek, Al-Mallah, Mouaz, Almousalli, Omar, Ananthasubramaniam, Karthikeyan, Kumar, Mohan Ashok, Askew, Jeffrey, Attanasio, Lea, Balmer-Swain, Mallory, Bayer, Richard R., Bernheim, Adam, Bhatti, Sabha, Bieging, Erik, Bloom, Stephen, Blue, Sean, Bluemke, David, Borges, Andressa, Branch, Kelley, Bravo, Paco, Brothers, Jessica, Budoff, Matthew, Bullock-Palmer, Renée, Burandt, Angela, Burke, Floyd W., Bush, Kelvin, Candela, Candace, Capasso, Elizabeth, 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George Kinzfogl, Kircher, Jacqueline, Kirkbride, Rachael, Kontos, Michael, Kottam, Anupama, Krepp, Joseph, Layer, Jay, Lee, Steven H., Leppo, Jeffrey, Lesser, John, Leung, Steve, Lewin, Howard, Litmanovich, Diana, Liu, Yiyan, Magurany, Kathleen, Markowitz, Jeremy, Marn, Amanda, Matis, Stephen E., Mckenna, Michael, Mcrae, Tony, Mendoza, Fernando, Merhige, Michael, Min, David, Moffitt, Chanan, Moncher, Karen, Moore, Warren, Morayati, Shamil, Morris, Michael, Mossa-Basha, Mahmud, Mrsic, Zorana, Murthy, Venkatesh, Nagpal, Prashant, Napier, Kyle, Nelson, Katarina, Nijjar, Prabhjot, Osman, Medhat, Passen, Edward, Patel, Amit, Patil, Pravin, Paul, Ryan, Phillips, Lawrence, Polsani, Venkateshwar, Poludasu, Rajaram, Pomerantz, Brian, Porter, Thomas, Prentice, Ryan, Pursnani, Amit, Rabbat, Mark, Ramamurti, Suresh, Rich, Florence, Luna, Hiram Rivera, Robinson, Austin, Robles, Kim, Rodríguez, Cesar, Rorie, Mark, Rumberger, John, Russell, Raymond, Sabra, Philip, Sadler, Diego, Schemmer, Mary, Schoepf, U. Joseph, Shah, Samir, Shah, Nishant, Shanbhag, Sujata, Sharma, Gaurav, Shayani, Steven, Shirani, Jamshid, Shivaram, Pushpa, Sigman, Steven, Simon, Mitch, Slim, Ahmad, Smith, David, Smith, Alexandra, Soman, Prem, Sood, Aditya, Srichai-Parsia, Monvadi Barbara, Streeter, James, T, Albert, Tawakol, Ahmed, Thomas, Dustin, Thompson, Randall, Torbet, Tara, Trinidad, Desiree, Ullery, Shawn, Unzek, Samuel, Uretsky, Seth, Vallurupalli, Srikanth, Verma, Vikas, Waller, Alfonso, Wang, Ellen, Ward, Parker, Weissman, Gaby, Wesbey, George, White, Kelly, Wolinsky, David, Yost, Sandra, Zgaljardic, Michael, Alonso, Omar, Beretta, Mario, Ferrando, Rodolfo, Kapitan, Miguel, Mut, Fernando, Djuraev, Omoa, Rozikhodjaeva, Gulnora, Le Ngoc, Ha, Mai, Son Hong, Nguyen, Xuan Canh, Hirschfeld, Cole B., Shaw, Leslee J., Williams, Michelle C., Lahey, Ryan, Villines, Todd C., Dorbala, Sharmila, Choi, Andrew D., Shah, Nishant R., Bluemke, David A., Berman, Daniel S., Blankstein, Ron, Ferencik, Maro, Narula, Jagat, Winchester, David, Malkovskiy, Eli, Goebel, Benjamin, Randazzo, Michael J., Lopez-Mattei, Juan, Parwani, Purvi, Vitola, Joao V., Cerci, Rodrigo J., Better, Nathan, Raggi, Paolo, Lu, Bin, Sergienko, Vladimir, Sinitsyn, Valentin, Kudo, Takashi, Nørgaard, Bjarne Linde, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Cohen, Yosef A., Pascual, Thomas N. B., Pynda, Yaroslav, Dondi, Maurizio, Paez, Diana, Einstein, Andrew J., Cerci, Rodrigo, Hinterleitner, Gerd, Lu, Yao, Morozova, Olga, Xu, Zhuoran, Cohen, Yosef, Randazzo, Michael, Choi, Andrew, Nasery, Mohammad Nawaz, Goda, Artan, Shirka, Ervina, Benlabgaa, Rabie, Bouyoucef, Salah, Medjahedi, Abdelkader, Nailli, Qai, Agolti, Mariela, Aguero, Roberto Nicola, Alak, Maria del Carmen, Alberguina, Lucia Graciela, Arroñada, Guillermo, Astesiano, Andrea, Astesiano, Alfredo, Norton, Carolina Ba, Benteo, Pablo, Blanco, Juan, Bonelli, Juan Manuel, Bustos, Jose Javier, Cabrejas, Raul, Cachero, Jorge, Campisi, Roxana, Canderoli, Alejandro, Carames, Silvia, Carrascosa, Patrícia, Castro, Ricardo, Cendoya, Oscar, Cognigni, Luciano Martin, Collaud, Carlo, Cortes, Claudia, Courtis, Javier, Cragnolino, Daniel, Daicz, Mariana, De La Vega, Alejandro, De Maria, Silvia Teresa, Del Riego, Horacio, Dettori, Fernando, Deviggiano, Alejandro, Dragonetti, Laura, Embon, Mario, Enriquez, Ruben Emilio, Ensinas, Jorge, Faccio, Fernando, Facello, Adolfo, Garofalo, Diego, Geronazzo, Ricardo, Gonza, Natalia, Gutierrez, Luca, Guzzo, Miguel Angel, Hasbani, Victor, Huerin, Melina, Jäger, Victor, Lewkowicz, Julio Manuel, Nieves A López De Munaín, Maria, Lotti, Jose Maria, Marquez, Alejandra, Masoli, Osvaldo, Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio, Mastrovito, Edgardo, Mayoraz, Matia, Melado, Graciela Eva, Mele, Anibal, Merani, Maria Fernanda, Meretta, Alejandro Horacio, Molteni, Susana, Montecinos, Marco, Noguera, Eduardo, Novoa, Carlo, Sueldo, Claudio Pereyra, Ascani, Sebastian Perez, Pollono, Pablo, Pujol, Maria Paula, Radzinschi, Alejandro, Raimondi, Gustavo, Redruello, Marcela, Rodríguez, Marina, Rodríguez, Matía, Romero, Romina Lorena, Acuña, Arturo Romero, Rovaletti, Federico, San Miguel, Luca, Solari, Lucrecia, Strada, Bruno, Traverso, Sonia, Traverzo, Sonia Simona, Espeche, Maria del Huerto Velazquez, Weihmuller, Juan Sebastian, Wolcan, Juan, Zeffiro, Susana, Sakanyan, Mari, Beuzeville, Scott, Boktor, Raef, Butler, Patrick, Calcott, Jennifer, Carr, Loretta, Chan, Virgil, Chao, Charle, Chong, Woon, Dobson, Mark, Downie, D'Arne, Dwivedi, Girish, Elison, Barry, Engela, Jean, Francis, Roslyn, Gaikwad, Anand, Basavaraj, Ashok Gangasandra, Goodwin, Bruce, Greenough, Robert, Hamilton-Craig, Christian, Hsieh, Victar, Joshi, Subodh, Lederer, Karin, Lee, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Magnussen, John, Mai, Nghi, Mander, Gordon, Murton, Fiona, Nandurkar, Dee, Neill, Johanne, O'Rourke, Edward, O'Sullivan, Patricia, Pandos, George, Pathmaraj, Kunthi, Pitman, Alexander, Poulter, Rohan, Premaratne, Manuja, Prior, David, Ridley, Lloyd, Rutherford, Natalie, Salehi, Hamid, Saunders, Connor, Scarlett, Luke, Seneviratne, Sujith, Shetty, Deepa, Shrestha, Ganesh, Shulman, Jonathan, Solanki, Vijay, Stanton, Tony, Stuart, Murch, Stubbs, Michael, Swainson, Ian, Taubman, Kim, Taylor, Andrew, Thomas, Paul, Unger, Steven, Upton, Anthony, Vamadevan, Shankar, Van Gaal, William, Verjans, Johan, Voutnis, Demetriu, Wayne, Victor, Wilson, Peter, Wong, David, Wong, Kirby, Younger, John, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Mirzaei, Siroo, Weiss, Konrad, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Natallia, Gheysens, Olivier, Homans, Filip, Moreno-Reyes, Rodrigo, Pasquet, Agnè, Roelants, Veronique, Van De Heyning, Caroline M., Ríos, Raúl Araujo, Soldat-Stankovic, Valentina, Stankovic, Sinisa, Albernaz Siqueira, Maria Helena, Almeida, Augusto, Alves Togni, Paulo Henrique, Andrade, Jose Henrique, Andrade, Luciana, Anselmi, Carlo, Araújo, Roberta, Azevedo, Guilherme, Bezerra, Sabbrina, Biancardi, Rodrigo, Grossman, Gabriel Blacher, Brandão, Simone, Pianta, Diego Bromfman, Carreira, Lara, Castro, Bruno, Chang, Tien, Cunali, Fernando, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Roberto, de Amorim Fernandes, Fernando, De Lorenzo, Andrea, De Macedo Filho, Robson, Erthal, Fernanda, Fernandes, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, De Souza, Thiago Ferreira, Alves, Wilson Furlan, Ghini, Bruno, Goncalves, Luiz, Gottlieb, Ilan, Hadlich, Marcelo, Kameoka, Viníciu, Lima, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lopes, Rafael Willain, Machado e Silva, Ricardo, Magalhães, Tiago, Silva, Fábio Martin, Mastrocola, Luiz Eduardo, Medeiros, Fábio, Meneghetti, José Claudio, Naue, Vania, Naves, Danilo, Nolasco, Roberto, Nomura, Cesar, Oliveira, Joao Bruno, Paixao, Eduardo, De Carvalho, Filipe Penna, Pinto, Ibraim, Possetti, Priscila, Quinta, Mayra, Nogueira Ramos, Rodrigo Rizzo, Rocha, Ricardo, Rodrigues, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlo, Romantini, Leila, Sanches, Adelina, Santana, Sara, Sara da Silva, Leonardo, Schvartzman, Paulo, Matushita, Cristina Sebastião, Senra, Tiago, Shiozaki, Afonso, Menezes de Siqueira, Maria Eduarda, Siqueira, Cristiano, Smanio, Paola, Soares, Carlos Eduardo, Junior, José Soare, Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer, Spiro, Bernardo, Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco, Torreao, Jorge, Torres, Rafael, Uellendahl, Marly, Monte, Guilherme Urpia, Veríssimo, Otávia, Cabeda, Estevan Vieira, Pedras, Felipe Villela, Waltrick, Roberto, Zapparoli, Marcello, Naseer, Hamid, Garcheva-Tsacheva, Marina, Kostadinova, Irena, Theng, Youdaline, Abikhzer, Gad, Barette, Rene, Chow, Benjamin, Dabreo, Dominique, Friedrich, Matthia, Garg, Ria, Hafez, Mohammed Nassoh, Johnson, Chri, Kiess, Marla, Leipsic, Jonathon, Leung, Eugene, Miller, Robert, Oikonomou, Anastasia, Probst, Stephan, Roifman, Idan, Small, Gary, Tandon, Vika, Trivedi, Adwait, White, Jame, Zukotynski, Katherine, Canessa, Jose, Muñoz, Gabriel Castro, Concha, Carmen, Hidalgo, Pablo, Lovera, Cesar, Massardo, Teresa, Vargas, Luis Salazar, Abad, Pedro, Arturo, Harold, Ayala, Sandra, Benitez, Lui, Cadena, Alberto, Caicedo, Carlo, Moncayo, Antonio Calderón, Gomez, Sharon, Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia T., Jaimes, Claudia, Londoño, Juan, Londoño Blair, Juan Lui, Pabon, Luz, Pineda, Mauricio, Rojas, Juan Carlo, Ruiz, Diego, Escobar, Manuel Valencia, Vasquez, Andre, Vergel, Damiana, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Gamboa, Isabel Berrocal, Castro, Gabriel, González, Ulise, Baric, Ana, Batinic, Tonci, Franceschi, Maja, Paar, Maja Hrabak, Jukic, Mladen, Medakovic, Petar, Persic, Viktor, Prpic, Marina, Punda, Ante, Batista, Juan Felipe, Gómez Lauchy, Juan Manuel, Gutierrez, Yamile Marco, Menéndez, Rayner, Peix, Amalia, Rochela, Lui, Panagidis, Christoforo, Petrou, Ioanni, Engelmann, Vaclav, Kaminek, Milan, Kincl, Vladimír, Lang, Otto, Simanek, Milan, Abdulla, Jawdat, Bøttcher, Morten, Christensen, Mette, Gormsen, Lars Christian, Hasbak, Philip, Hess, Søren, Holdgaard, Paw, Johansen, Allan, Kyhl, Kasper, Norgaard, Bjarne Linde, Øvrehus, Kristian Altern, Rønnow Sand, Niels Peter, Steffensen, Rolf, Thomassen, Ander, Zerahn, Bo, Perez, Alfredo, Escorza Velez, Giovanni Alejandro, Velez, Mayra Sanchez, Abdel Aziz, Islam Shawky, Abougabal, Mahasen, Ahmed, Taghreed, Allam, Adel, Asfour, Ahmed, Hassan, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Ibrahim, Ahmed, Kaffas, Sameh, Kandeel, Ahmed, Ali, Mohamed Mandour, Mansy, Ahmad, Maurice, Hany, Nabil, Sherif, Shaaban, Mahmoud, Flores, Ana Camila, Poksi, Anne, Knuuti, Juhani, Kokkonen, Velipekka, Larikka, Martti, Uusitalo, Valtteri, Bailly, Matthieu, Burg, Samuel, Deux, Jean-Françoi, Habouzit, Vincent, Hyafil, Fabien, Lairez, Olivier, Proffit, Franck, Regaieg, Hamza, Sarda-Mantel, Laure, Tacher, Vania, Schneider, Roman P., Ayetey, Harold, Angelidis, George, Archontaki, Aikaterini, Chatziioannou, Sofia, Datseris, Ioanni, Fragkaki, Christina, Georgoulias, Panagioti, Koukouraki, Sophia, Koutelou, Maria, Kyrozi, Eleni, Repasos, Evangelo, Stavrou, Petro, Valsamaki, Pipitsa, Gonzalez, Carla, Gutierrez, Goleat, Maldonado, Alejandro, Buga, Klara, Garai, Ildiko, Schmidt, Erzsébet, Szilveszter, Balint, Várady, Edit, Banthia, Nilesh, Bhagat, Jinendra Kumar, Bhargava, Rishi, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatia, Mona, Choudhury, Partha, Chowdekar, Vijay Sai, Irodi, Aparna, Jain, Shashank, Joseph, Elizabeth, Kumar, Sukriti, Girijanandan Mahapatra, Prof Dr, Mitra, Deepanjan, Mittal, Bhagwant Rai, Ozair, Ahmad, Patel, Chetan, Patel, Tapan, Patel, Ravi, Patel, Shivani, Saxena, Sudhir, Sengupta, Shantanu, Singh, Santosh, Singh, Bhanupriya, Sood, Ashwani, Verma, Atul, Affandi, Erwin, Alam, Edison, Padma, Savenadia, Gunawan, Gani, Hapkido, Habusari, Hidayat, Basuki, Huda, Aulia, Mukti, Anggoro Praja, Prawiro, Djoko, Soeriadi, Erwin Affandi, Syawaluddin, Hilman, Albadr, Amjed, Assadi, Majid, Emami, Farshad, Houshmand, Golnaz, Maleki, Majid, Rostami, Maryam Tajik, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zaid, Eed Abu, Agranovich, Svetlana, Arnson, Yoav, Bar-Shalom, Rachel, Frenkel, Alex, Knafo, Galit, Lugassi, Rachel, Maor Moalem, Israel Shlomo, Mor, Maya, Muskal, Noam, Ranser, Sara, Shalev, Aryeh, Albano, Domenico, Alongi, Pierpaolo, Arnone, Gaspare, Bagatin, Elisa, Baldari, Sergio, Bauckneht, Matteo, Bertelli, Paolo, Bianco, Francesco, Bonfiglioli, Rachele, Boni, Roberto, Bruno, Andrea, Bruno, Isabella, Busnardo, Elena, Califaretti, Elena, Camoni, Luca, Carnevale, Aldo, Casoni, Roberta, Cavallo, Armando Ugo, Cavenaghi, Giorgio, Chierichetti, Franca, Chiocchi, Marcello, Cittanti, Corrado, Colletta, Mauro, Conti, Umberto, Cossu, Alberto, Cuocolo, Alberto, Cuzzocrea, Marco, De Rimini, Maria Luisa, De Vincentis, Giuseppe, Del Giudice, Eleonora, Del Torto, Alberico, Della Tommasina, Veronica, Durmo, Rexhep, Erba, Paola Anna, Evangelista, Laura, Faletti, Riccardo, Faragasso, Evelina, Farsad, Mohsen, Ferro, Paola, Florimonte, Luigia, Frantellizzi, Viviana, Fringuelli, Fabio Massimo, Gatti, Marco, Gaudiano, Angela, Gimelli, Alessia, Giubbini, Raffaele, Giuffrida, Francesca, Ialuna, Salvatore, Laudicella, Riccardo, Leccisotti, Lucia, Leva, Lucia, Liga, Riccardo, Liguori, Carlo, Longo, Giampiero, Maffione, Margherita, Mancini, Maria Elisabetta, Marcassa, Claudio, Milan, Elisa, Nardi, Barbara, Pacella, Sara, Pepe, Giovanna, Pontone, Gianluca, Pulizzi, Sabina, Quartuccio, Natale, Rampin, Lucia, Ricci, Fabrizio, Rossini, Pierluigi, Rubini, Giuseppe, Russo, Vincenzo, Sacchetti, Gian Mauro, Sambuceti, Gianmario, Scarano, Massimo, Sciagrà, Roberto, Sperandio, Massimiliano, Stefanelli, Antonella, Ventroni, Guido, Zoboli, Stefania, Baugh, Dainia, Chambers, Duane, Madu, Ernest, Nunura, Felix, Asano, Hiroshi, Chimura, Chimura Misato, Fujimoto, Shinichiro, Fujisue, Koichiro, Fukunaga, Tomohisa, Fukushima, Yoshimitsu, Fukuyama, Kae, Hashimoto, Jun, Ichikawa, Yasutaka, Iguchi, Nobuo, Imai, Masamichi, Inaki, Anri, Ishimura, Hayato, Isobe, Satoshi, Kadokami, Toshiaki, Kato, Takao, Kumita, Shinichiro, Maruno, Hirotaka, Mataki, Hiroyuki, Miyagawa, Masao, Morimoto, Ryota, Moroi, Masao, Nagamachi, Shigeki, Nakajima, Kenichi, Nakata, Tomoaki, Nakazato, Ryo, Nanasato, Mamoru, Naya, Masanao, Norikane, Takashi, Ohta, Yasutoshi, Okayama, Satoshi, Okizaki, Atsutaka, Otomi, Yoichi, Otsuka, Hideki, Saito, Masaki, Sakata, Sakata Yasushi, Sarai, Masayoshi, Sato, Daisuke, Shiraishi, Shinya, Suwa, Yoshinobu, Takanami, Kentaro, Takehana, Kazuya, Taki, Junichi, Tamaki, Nagara, Taniguchi, Yasuyo, Teragawa, Hiroki, Tomizawa, Nobuo, Tsujita, Kenichi, Umeji, Kyoko, Wakabayashi, Yasushi, Yamada, Shinichiro, Yamazaki, Shinya, Yoneyama, Tatsuya, Rawashdeh, Mohammad, Batyrkhanov, Daultai, Dautov, Tairkhan, Makhdomi, Khalid, Ombati, Kevin, Alkandari, Faridah, Garashi, Masoud, Coie, Tchoyoson Lim, Rajvong, Sonexay, Kalinin, Artem, Kalnina, Marika, Haidar, Mohamad, Komiagiene, Renata, Kviecinskiene, Giedre, Mataciunas, Mindauga, Vajauskas, Donata, Picard, Christian, Karim, Noor Khairiah A., Reichmuth, Luise, Samuel, Anthony, Allarakha, Mohammad Aaftaab, Naojee, Ambedhkar Shantaram, Alexanderson-Rosas, Erick, Barragan, Erika, González-Montecinos, Alejandro Becerril, Cabada, Manuel, Rodriguez, Daniel Calderon, Carvajal-Juarez, Isabel, Cortés, Violeta, Cortés, Filiberto, De La Peña, Erasmo, Gama-Moreno, Manlio, González, Lui, Ramírez, Nelsy Gonzalez, Jiménez-Santos, Moisé, Matos, Lui, Monroy, Edgar, Morelos, Martha, Ornelas, Mario, Ortga Ramirez, Jose Alberto, Preciado-Anaya, André, Preciado-Gutiérrez, Óscar Ulise, Barragan, Adriana Puente, Rosales Uvera, Sandra Graciela, Sandoval, Sigelinda, Tomas, Miguel Santaularia, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Siu, Silvia, Vallejo, Enrique, Valles, Mario, Faraggi, Marc, Sereegotov, Erdenechimeg, Ilic, Srdja, Ben-Rais, Nozha, Alaoui, Nadia Ismaili, Taleb, Sara, Myo, Khin Pa, Thu, Phyo Si, Ghimire, Ram Kumar, Rajbanshi, Bijoy, Barneveld, Peter, Glaudemans, Andor, Habets, Jesse, Koopmans, Klaas Pieter, Manders, Jeroen, Pool, Stefan, Scholte, Arthur, Scholtens, Asbjørn, Slart, Riemer, Thimister, Paul, Van Asperen, Erik-Jan, Veltman, Niel, Verschure, Derk, Wagenaar, Nil, Edmond, John, Ellis, Chri, Johnson, Kerryanne, Keenan, Ro, Hua, Shaw, Occleshaw, Christopher, Sasse, Alexander, To, Andrew, Van Pelt, Niel, Young, Calum, Cuadra, Teresa, Roque Vanegas, Hector Bladimir, Soli, Idrissa Adamou, Issoufou, Djibrillou Moussa, Ayodele, Tolulope, Madu, Chibuzo, Onimode, Yetunde, Efros-Monsen, Elen, Forsdahl, Signe Helene, Hildre Dimmen, Jenni-Mari, Jørgensen, Arve, Krohn, Isabel, Løvhaugen, Pål, Bråten, Anders Tjellaug, Al Dhuhli, Humoud, Al Kindi, Faiza, Al-Bulushi, Naeema, Jawa, Zabah, Tag, Naima, Afzal, Muhammad Shehzad, Fatima, Shazia, Younis, Muhammad Numair, Riaz, Musab, Saadullah, Mohammad, Herrera, Yariela, Lenturut-Katal, Dora, Vázquez, Manuel Castillo, Ortellado, José, Akhter, Afroza, Cao, Dianbo, Cheung, Stephen, Dai, Xu, Gong, Lianggeng, Han, Dan, Hou, Yang, Li, Caiying, Li, Tao, Li, Dong, Li, Sijin, Liu, Jinkang, Liu, Hui, Ng, Ming Yen, Sun, Kai, Tang, Gongshun, Wang, Jian, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhao-Qian, Wang, Yining, Wang, Yifan, Wu, Jiang, Wu, Zhifang, Xia, Liming, Xiao, Jiangxi, Xu, Lei, Yang, Youyou, Yin, Wu, Yu, Jianqun, Yuan, Li, Zhang, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Zhang, Yong-Gao, Zhang, Xiaoli, Zhu, Li, Alfaro, Ana, Abrihan, Paz, Barroso, Asela, Cruz, Eric, Gomez, Marie Rhiamar, Magboo, Vincent Peter, Medina, John Michael, Obaldo, Jerry, Pastrana, Davidson, Pawhay, Christian Michael, Quinon, Alvin, Tang, Jeanelle Margareth, Tecson, Bettina, Uson, Kristine Joy, Uy, Mila, Kostkiewicz, Magdalena, Kunikowska, Jolanta, Bettencourt, Nuno, Cantinho, Guilhermina, Ferreira, Antonio, Syed, Ghulam, Arnous, Samer, Atyani, Said, Byrne, Angela, Gleeson, Tadhg, Kerins, David, Meehan, Conor, Murphy, David, Murphy, Mark, Murray, John, O'Brien, Julie, Bang, Ji-In, Bom, Henry, Cho, Sang-Geon, Hong, Chae Moon, Jang, Su Jin, Jeong, Yong Hyu, Kang, Won Jun, Kim, Ji-Young, Lee, Jaetae, Namgung, Chang Kyeong, So, Young, Won, Kyoung Sook, Majstorov, Venjamin, Vavlukis, Marija, Salobir, Barbara Gužic, Štalc, Monika, Benedek, Theodora, Benedek, Imre, Mititelu, Raluca, Stan, Claudiu Adrian, Ansheles, Alexey, Dariy, Olga, Drozdova, Olga, Gagarina, Nina, Gulyaev, Vsevolod Milyevich, Itskovich, Irina, Karalkin, Anatoly, Kokov, Alexander, Migunova, Ekaterina, Pospelov, Viktor, Ryzhkova, Daria, Saifullina, Guzaliya, Sazonova, Svetlana, Shurupova, Irina, Trifonova, Tatjana, Ussov, Wladimir Yurievich, Vakhromeeva, Margarita, Valiullina, Nailya, Zavadovsky, Konstantin, Zhuravlev, Kirill, Alasnag, Mirvat, Okarvi, Subhani, Saranovic, Dragana Sobic, Keng, Felix, Jason See, Jia Hao, Sekar, Ramkumar, Yew, Min Sen, Vondrak, Andrej, Bejai, Shereen, Bennie, George, Bester, Ria, Engelbrecht, Gerrit, Evbuomwan, Osayande, Gongxeka, Harlem, Vuuren, Magritha Jv, Kaplan, Mitchell, Khushica, Purbhoo, Lakhi, Hoosen, Louw, Lizette, Malan, Nico, Milos, Katarina, Modiselle, Moshe, More, Stuart, Naidoo, Mathava, Scholtz, Leonie, Vangu, Mboyo, Aguadé-Bruix, Santiago, Blanco, Isabel, Cabrera, Antonio, Camarero, Alicia, Casáns-Tormo, Irene, Cuellar-Calabria, Hug, Flotats, Albert, Fuentes Cañamero, Maria Eugenia, García, María Elia, Jimenez-Heffernan, Amelia, Leta, Rubén, Diaz, Javier Lopez, Lumbreras, Lui, Marquez-Cabeza, Juan Javier, Martin, Francisco, Martinez de Alegria, Anxo, Medina, Francisco, Canal, Maria Pedrera, Peiro, Virginia, Pubul-Nuñez, Virginia, Rayo Madrid, Juan Ignacio, Rey, Cristina Rodríguez, Perez, Ricardo Ruano, Ruiz, Joaquín, Hernández, Gertrudis Sabatel, Sevilla, Ana, Zeidán, Nahla, Nanayakkara, Damayanthi, Udugama, Chandraguptha, Simonsson, Magnu, Alkadhi, Hatem, Buechel, Ronny Ralf, Burger, Peter, Ceriani, Luca, De Boeck, Bart, Gräni, Christoph, Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Alix, Kamani, Christel H., Kawel-Boehm, Nadine, Manka, Robert, Prior, John O., Rominger, Axel, Vallée, Jean-Paul, Khiewvan, Benjapa, Premprabha, Teerapon, Thientunyakit, Tanyaluck, Sellem, Ali, Kir, Kemal Metin, Sayman, Haluk, Sebikali, Mugisha Juliu, Muyinda, Zerida, Kmetyuk, Yaroslav, Korol, Pavlo, Mykhalchenko, Olena, Pliatsek, Volodymyr, Satyr, Maryna, Albalooshi, Batool, Ahmed Hassan, Mohamed Ismail, Anderson, Jill, Bedi, Punit, Biggans, Thoma, Bularga, Anda, Bull, Russell, Burgul, Rajesh, Carpenter, John-Paul, Coles, Duncan, Cusack, David, Deshpande, Aparna, Dougan, John, Fairbairn, Timothy, Farrugia, Alexia, Gopalan, Deepa, Gummow, Alistair, Ramkumar, Prasad Guntur, Hamilton, Mark, Harbinson, Mark, Hartley, Thoma, Hudson, Benjamin, Joshi, Nikhil, Kay, Michael, Kelion, Andrew, Khokhar, Azhar, Kitt, Jamie, Lee, Ken, Low, Chen, Mak, Sze Mun, Marousa, Ntouskou, Martin, Jon, Mcalindon, Elisa, Menezes, Leon, Morgan-Hughes, Gareth, Moss, Alastair, Murray, Anthony, Nicol, Edward, Patel, Dilip, Peebles, Charle, Pugliese, Francesca, Luis Rodrigues, Jonathan Carl, Rofe, Christopher, Sabharwal, Nikant, Schofield, Rebecca, Semple, Thoma, Sharma, Naveen, Strouhal, Peter, Subedi, Deepak, Topping, William, Tweed, Katharine, Weir-Mccall, Jonathan, Abbara, Suhny, Abbasi, Taimur, Abbott, Brian, Abohashem, Shady, Abramson, Sandra, Al-Abboud, Tarek, Al-Mallah, Mouaz, Almousalli, Omar, Ananthasubramaniam, Karthikeyan, Kumar, Mohan Ashok, Askew, Jeffrey, Attanasio, Lea, Balmer-Swain, Mallory, Bayer, Richard R., Bernheim, Adam, Bhatti, Sabha, Bieging, Erik, Bloom, Stephen, Blue, Sean, Bluemke, David, Borges, Andressa, Branch, Kelley, Bravo, Paco, Brothers, Jessica, Budoff, Matthew, Bullock-Palmer, Renée, Burandt, Angela, Burke, Floyd W., Bush, Kelvin, Candela, Candace, Capasso, Elizabeth, Cavalcante, Joao, Chang, Donald, Chatterjee, Saurav, Chatzizisis, Yianni, Cheezum, Michael, Chen, Tiffany, Chen, Jennifer, Chen, Marcu, Clarcq, Jame, Cordero, Ayreen, Crim, Matthew, Danciu, Sorin, Decter, Bruce, Dhruva, Nimish, Doherty, Neil, Doukky, Rami, Dunbar, Anjori, Duvall, William, Edwards, Rachael, Esquitin, Kerry, Farah, Husam, Fentanes, Emilio, Fisher, Daniel, Fitzpatrick, Daniel, Foster, Cameron, Fuisz, Tony, Gannon, Michael, Gastner, Lori, Gerson, Myron, Ghoshhajra, Brian, Goldberg, Alan, Goldner, Brian, Gonzalez, Jorge, Gore, Rosco, Gracia-López, Sandra, Hage, Fadi, Haider, Agha, Haider, Sofia, Hamirani, Yasmin, Hassen, Karen, Hatfield, Mallory, Hawkins, Carolyn, Hawthorne, Katie, Heath, Nichola, Hendel, Robert, Hernandez, Phillip, Hill, Gregory, Horgan, Stephen, Huffman, Jeff, Hurwitz, Lynne, Iskandrian, Ami, Janardhanan, Rajesh, Jellis, Christine, Jerome, Scott, Kalra, Dinesh, Kaviratne, Summanther, Kay, Fernando, Kelly, Faith, Khalique, Omar, Kinkhabwala, Mona, Iii, George Kinzfogl, Kircher, Jacqueline, Kirkbride, Rachael, Kontos, Michael, Kottam, Anupama, Krepp, Joseph, Layer, Jay, Lee, Steven H., Leppo, Jeffrey, Lesser, John, Leung, Steve, Lewin, Howard, Litmanovich, Diana, Liu, Yiyan, Magurany, Kathleen, Markowitz, Jeremy, Marn, Amanda, Matis, Stephen E., Mckenna, Michael, Mcrae, Tony, Mendoza, Fernando, Merhige, Michael, Min, David, Moffitt, Chanan, Moncher, Karen, Moore, Warren, Morayati, Shamil, Morris, Michael, Mossa-Basha, Mahmud, Mrsic, Zorana, Murthy, Venkatesh, Nagpal, Prashant, Napier, Kyle, Nelson, Katarina, Nijjar, Prabhjot, Osman, Medhat, Passen, Edward, Patel, Amit, Patil, Pravin, Paul, Ryan, Phillips, Lawrence, Polsani, Venkateshwar, Poludasu, Rajaram, Pomerantz, Brian, Porter, Thoma, Prentice, Ryan, Pursnani, Amit, Rabbat, Mark, Ramamurti, Suresh, Rich, Florence, Luna, Hiram Rivera, Robinson, Austin, Robles, Kim, Rodríguez, Cesar, Rorie, Mark, Rumberger, John, Russell, Raymond, Sabra, Philip, Sadler, Diego, Schemmer, Mary, Schoepf, U. Joseph, Shah, Samir, Shah, Nishant, Shanbhag, Sujata, Sharma, Gaurav, Shayani, Steven, Shirani, Jamshid, Shivaram, Pushpa, Sigman, Steven, Simon, Mitch, Slim, Ahmad, Smith, David, Smith, Alexandra, Soman, Prem, Sood, Aditya, Srichai-Parsia, Monvadi Barbara, Streeter, Jame, T, Albert, Tawakol, Ahmed, Thomas, Dustin, Thompson, Randall, Torbet, Tara, Trinidad, Desiree, Ullery, Shawn, Unzek, Samuel, Uretsky, Seth, Vallurupalli, Srikanth, Verma, Vika, Waller, Alfonso, Wang, Ellen, Ward, Parker, Weissman, Gaby, Wesbey, George, White, Kelly, Wolinsky, David, Yost, Sandra, Zgaljardic, Michael, Alonso, Omar, Beretta, Mario, Ferrando, Rodolfo, Kapitan, Miguel, Mut, Fernando, Djuraev, Omoa, Rozikhodjaeva, Gulnora, Le Ngoc, Ha, Mai, Son Hong, Nguyen, Xuan Canh, Hirschfeld, C, Shaw, L, Williams, M, Lahey, R, Villines, T, Dorbala, S, Choi, A, Shah, N, Bluemke, D, Berman, D, Blankstein, R, Ferencik, M, Narula, J, Winchester, D, Malkovskiy, E, Goebel, B, Randazzo, M, Lopez-Mattei, J, Parwani, P, Vitola, J, Cerci, R, Better, N, Raggi, P, Lu, B, Sergienko, V, Sinitsyn, V, Kudo, T, Nørgaard, B, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Cohen, Y, Pascual, T, Pynda, Y, Dondi, M, Paez, D, Einstein, A, and Erba, P
Subjects: Aging, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Clinical Sciences, coronavirus, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, COVID-19 Testing, Cardiovascular procedures, Predictive Value of Tests, cardiovascular disease, Clinical Research, Environmental health, INCAPS-COVID Investigators Group, Pandemic, Volume reduction, Medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, cardiovascular imaging, diagnostic cardiovascular procedure, Pandemics, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Prevention, COVID-19, Health Services, United States/epidemiology, United States, Invasive coronary angiography, coronaviru, Heart Disease, Good Health and Well Being, MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Predictive value of tests, HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Early phase, business
Abstract: Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-U.S. institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection.
Published: 2021
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16. LONG-TERM AZITHROMYCIN TREATMENT IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Author: Vanya Kostadinova, Yordan Radkov, Temenuga Stoeva, and Darina Miteva
Subjects: azithromycin, lcsh:R5-920, medicine.medical_specialty, Bronchiectasis, bronchiectasis, business.industry, Pulmonary disease, Azithromycin, medicine.disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Term (time), lcsh:RK1-715, exacerbations, lcsh:Dentistry, Internal medicine, medicine, lcsh:Medicine (General), business, General Dentistry, medicine.drug
Abstract: Purpose: To assess the efficacy of Azithromycin on exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and history of two or more flare-ups in the last 12 months and to study the influence of concomitant bronchiectasis on its effect. Material/Methods: We prospectively observed 60 COPD patients with frequent exacerbations and predominantly severe disease (mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] – 44%). Addition of six-month intermittent Azithromycin (500 mg three times weekly) to standard therapy was compared to standard therapy only in respect to exacerbation frequency and time to first exacerbation. Results: Azithromycin, in comparison to standard therapy, led to a higher reduction of exacerbation frequency (-1.47 vs -0.87 events per patient-year) but did not affect hospitalization frequency (-0.57 vs. -0.53 events per patient-year). The time to first exacerbation was longer in the macrolide group (233 days) than in the control group (125 days) (P=0.011). Bronchiectasis did not influence the effect of tested macrolide on exacerbations. No significant effect on lung function, symptoms, quality of life, physical capacity and sputum and throat swab microbiology was found. Conclusions: Azithromycin reduced the frequency of exacerbations and delayed the time to first exacerbation. The effect was independent on the presence of bronchiectasis.
Published: 2020
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17. VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS ASSOCIATED ASEPTIC MENINGITIS IN AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENT

Author: Zhivka Stoykova, Tsvetelina Kostadinova, and Radka Argirova
Subjects: lcsh:R5-920, integumentary system, business.industry, viruses, Varicella zoster virus, Aseptic meningitis, virus diseases, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, vzv, Virology, eye diseases, lcsh:RK1-715, aseptic meningitis, lcsh:Dentistry, Medicine, vzv-dna in csf, business, lcsh:Medicine (General), General Dentistry, vzv reactivation
Abstract: Background: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a widespread herpes virus that causes chickenpox after primary infection. Later the virus remains persistent in the sensory nerve ganglia, and it can be reactivated with the manifestation of herpes zoster most often. But reactivation of VZV can manifest as infection of the CNS (central nervous system) even in an immunocompetent host. The detection of VZV Ab by ELISA and VZV-DNA in cerebrospinal fluid by PCR has improved the laboratory conformation of that condition in an immunocompetent host with discreet exanthema. Materials and Methods: Two serum samples and three CSF samples of a patient with aseptic meningitis were tested by ELISA and PCR. Interpretation: This clinical case demonstrates that VZV may be considered in all cases of aseptic meningitis even in immunocompetent individuals without the typical rash. In cases under VZV associated meningitis suspicion, the first detection marker to be positive is VZV-DNA and later anti-VZV IgG in CSF.
Published: 2020

18. Hepatocellular carcinoma – clinicopathological characteristics, survival, and expression of various histologic molecular markers

Author: Gordana Petrushevska, Viktorija Chaloska Ivanova, Vesna Janevska, Dafina Nikolova, Slavica Kostadinova Kunovska, Nikola Orovcanec, Rubens Jovanovik, and Magdalena Dimitrova
Subjects: P53 overexpression, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, molecular markers, lcsh:Medicine, survival, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Vascular invasion, Tumour tissue, Cyclin D1, Antigens, CD, Liver tissue, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Neoplasm, Humans, In patient, beta Catenin, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, lcsh:R, General Medicine, hepatocellular carcinoma, medicine.disease, Cadherins, Prognosis, Immunohistochemistry, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, business, clinicopathological features
Abstract: The aim of this study was to make a clinical characterisation of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and to investigate the expression of a set of molecular markers in patients from the Republic of North Macedonia. We analysed 60 patients for clinicopathologic factors, and we investigated tumour tissue and surrounding liver tissue for immunoexpression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, cyclin D1, and p53. Infection with hepatitis virus B and C (p < 0.001), tumour dimension (p < 0.001), vascular invasion (p < 0.002), and tumour differentiation (p < 0.021) significantly influenced the survival of the patients. E-cadherin and β-catenin expression reduction and cyclin D1 and p53 overexpression were significantly higher in the tumour than in the non-tumour tissue (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p = 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). No significant correlation was found between clinicopathological characteristics and the analysed molecules nor between the molecules themselves. The immunoexpression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, cyclin D1, and p53 was not related to the tumour aggressiveness and prognosis. However, their significantly higher expression in HCC tissue compared to that in non-tumour tissue indicate their important role in hepatocarcinogenesis. The clinicopathological characteristics of the neoplasm remain highly predictive factors for the survival of the patients.
Published: 2020

19. Protective effects of losartan on some type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced complications in Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Author: Alexander Stoynev, Petar Grozdanov, Nedelina Kostadinova, Daniela Pechlivanova, Jeny Mitreva-Staleva, and Ekaterina Krumova
Subjects: Nociception, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Diet, High-Fat, Biochemistry, Losartan, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Memory, Corticosterone, Rats, Inbred SHR, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Insulin Secretion, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, Angiotensin II receptor type 1, biology, business.industry, Brain, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, medicine.disease, Streptozotocin, Rats, Insulin receptor, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, Exploratory Behavior, biology.protein, Neurology (clinical), Insulin Resistance, business, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is characterized by resistance of insulin receptors and/or inadequate insulin secretion resulting in metabolic and structural complications including vascular diseases, arterial hypertension and different behavioral alterations. We aimed to study the effects of the antihypertensive angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist losartan on the T2DM-induced changes of exploratory behavior, anxiety, nociception and short term memory in normotensive Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The experimental model of T2DM induced by a combination of high fat diet and streptozotocin, decreased exploratory activity and increased the level of carbonylated proteins in selected brain structures in both strains; as well it increased corticosterone level, pain threshold, anxiety-like behavior, and decline short term memory only in SHRs. Losartan treatment alleviated some of the T2DM- induced metabolic complications, abolished the T2DM-induced hypo activity, and normalized the corticosterone level, carbonylated proteins in brain, nociception and memory. Losartan did not exert effect on the anxiety behavior in both strains. We showed that T2DM exerted more pronounced negative effects on the rats with comorbid hypertension as compared to normotensive rats. Overall effects on the studied behavioral parameters are related to decreased exploration of the new environment, increased anxiety-like behavior, and decline in short-term memory. The systemic sub-chronic treatment with an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist losartan ameliorated most of these complications.
Published: 2020
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20. TI-6AL-4V alloy and β-tricalcium phosphate-based systems for in vitro study of mesenchymal stem cell functions at implant–tissue interface

Author: Milena Mourdjeva, Plamen Kinov, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Milena Kostadinova, Ivan Bochev, and Boris Antonov
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Materials science, Bone-Implant Interface, proliferation, lcsh:Biotechnology, medicine.medical_treatment, bone– implant interface, education, ti-6al-4v alloy, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, medicine, In vitro study, Ti 6al 4v, 030304 developmental biology, mesenchymal stem cells, 0303 health sciences, β tricalcium phosphate, Mesenchymal stem cell, differentiation, Surgical procedures, β-tricalcium phosphate, Arthroplasty, humanities, Implant, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Hip replacement is one of the most effective surgical procedures in medicine. Despite the fact that the clinical results of arthroplasty are usually excellent, some implants loosen with time and require revision. To help resolve this problem, research has focused on providing conditions that have a positive biological effect on bone building elements, resulting in a fast, seamless proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) into osteoblasts. That is why developing an in vitro model for studying MSC functions at the implant–tissue contact zone is essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the proliferation and differentiation capacity of human bone-marrow derived MSC in contact with medical implant-grade Ti-6Al-4V alloy and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Human MSC were isolated from bone marrow aspirates obtained from the femoral canal during hip replacement surgeries and seeded on Ti-6Al-4V alloy squared specimens and β-TCP granules. The results indicate that MSC were able to effectively adhere to both biomaterial surfaces and, at the same time, retain their proliferative and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation potential. We suggest that both Ti-6Al-4V alloy and β-TCP surfaces provide suitable conditions for the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow MSC and can be used as in vitro models to explore MSC functions at the bone–implant interface.
Published: 2020
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21. Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit the growth of prostate carcinoma cells in a long-term cultivation

Author: Plamen Kinov, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Milena Kostadinova, Milena Mourdjeva, and Boris Antonov
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, mesenchymal stem cells, 0303 health sciences, proliferation, viability, lcsh:Biotechnology, tumor cells, Mesenchymal stem cell, apoptosis, Tumor cells, Inflammation, Prostate carcinoma, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Tumor formation, 03 medical and health sciences, Apoptosis, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Cancer research, medicine, medicine.symptom, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migrate to sites of inflammation and tumor formation in the body. In this way, MSCs become activated and release a plethora of growth factors and cytokines that are involved in the regulation and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. The effect of MSCs on tumor cells is bipolar by nature and the data on this interaction is quite contradictory. The purpose of this work is to investigate the interaction between MSCs of different origin (bone marrow, adipose tissue) and PC-3 tumor cell line derived from prostate cancer in a long-term (9 days) cultivation. Our study assessed the proliferation, vitality and apoptosis of PC-3 tumor cells exposed to MSCs’ contact and products. As a result, we observed a significant growth inhibitory effect on PC-3 cells due to cell-to-cell contact with MSCs. Furthermore, tumor cells also showed contact-mediated increase in apoptosis levels. In addition, bone marrow-derived MSCs had a stronger effect on the PC-3 cell line compared to adipose tissue-derived MSCs.
Published: 2020
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22. Impact of COVID-19 on the imaging diagnosis of cardiac disease in Europe

Author: Williams M. C., Shaw L., Hirschfeld C. B., Maurovich-Horvat P., Norgaard B. L., Pontone G., Jimenez-Heffernan A., Sinitsyn V., Sergienko V., Ansheles A., Bax J. J., Buechel R., Milan E., Slart R. H. J. A., Nicol E., Bucciarelli-Ducci C., Pynda Y., Better N., Cerci R., Dorbala S., Raggi P., Villines T. C., Vitola J., Malkovskiy E., Goebel B., Cohen Y., Randazzo M., Pascual T. N. B., Dondi M., Paez D., Einstein A. J., Nasery M. N., Goda A., Shirka E., Benlabgaa R., Bouyoucef S., Medjahedi A., Nailli Q., Agolti M., Aguero R. N., Del Carmen Alak M., Alberguina L. G., Arronada G., Astesiano A., Norton C. B., Benteo P., Blanco J., Bonelli J. M., Bustos J. J., Cabrejas R., Cachero J., Campisi R., Canderoli A., Carames S., Carrascosa P., Castro R., Cendoya O., Cognigni L. M., Collaud C., Cortes C., Courtis J., Cragnolino D., Daicz M., De La Vega A., De Maria S. T., Del Riego H., Dettori F., Deviggiano A., Dragonetti L., Embon M., Enriquez R. E., Ensinas J., Faccio F., Facello A., Garofalo D., Geronazzo R., Gonza N., Gutierrez L., Guzzo M. A., Hasbani V., Huerin M., Jager V., Lewkowicz J. M., De Munain M. N. A. L., Lotti J. M., Marquez A., Masoli O., Masoli O. H., Mastrovito E., Mayoraz M., Melado G. E., Mele A., Merani M. F., Meretta A. H., Molteni S., Montecinos M., Noguera E., Novoa C., Sueldo C. P., Ascani S. P., Pollono P., Pujol M. P., Radzinschi A., Raimondi G., Redruello M., Rodriguez M., Romero R. L., Acuna A. R., Rovaletti F., Miguel L. S., Solari L., Strada B., Traverso S., Traverzo S. S., Del Huerto Velazquez Espeche M., Weihmuller J. S., Wolcan J., Zeffiro S., Sakanyan M., Beuzeville S., Boktor R., Butler P., Calcott J., Carr L., Chan V., Chao C., Chong W., Dobson M., Downie D., Dwivedi G., Elison B., Engela J., Francis R., Gaikwad A., Basavaraj A. G., Goodwin B., Greenough R., Hamilton-Craig C., Hsieh V., Joshi S., Lederer K., Lee K., Lee J., Magnussen J., Mai N., Mander G., Murton F., Nandurkar D., Neill J., O'Rourke E., O'Sullivan P., Pandos G., Pathmaraj K., Pitman A., Poulter R., Premaratne M., Prior D., Ridley L., Rutherford N., Salehi H., Saunders C., Scarlett L., Seneviratne S., Shetty D., Shrestha G., Shulman J., Solanki V., Stanton T., Stuart M., Stubbs M., Swainson I., Taubman K., Taylor A., Thomas P., Unger S., Upton A., Vamadevan S., Van Gaal W., Verjans J., Voutnis D., Wayne V., Wilson P., Wong D., Wong K., Younger J., Feuchtner G., Mirzaei S., Weiss K., Maroz-Vadalazhskaya N., Gheysens O., Homans F., Moreno-Reyes R., Pasquet A., Roelants V., Van De Heyning C. M., Rios R. A., Soldat-Stankovic V., Stankovic S., Siqueira M. H. A., Almeida A., Togni P. H. A., Andrade J. H., Andrade L., Anselmi C., Araujo R., Azevedo G., Bezerra S., Biancardi R., Grossman G. B., Brandao S., Pianta D. B., Carreira L., Castro B., Chang T., Cunali F., Cury R., Dantas R., De Amorim Fernandes F., De Lorenzo A., De MacEdo Filho R., Erthal F., Fernandes F., Fernandes J., De Souza T. F., Alves W. F., Ghini B., Goncalves L., Gottlieb I., Hadlich M., Kameoka V., Lima R., Lima A., Lopes R. W., E Silva R. M., Magalhaes T., Silva F. M., Mastrocola L. E., Medeiros F., Meneghetti J. C., Naue V., Naves D., Nolasco R., Nomura C., Oliveira J. B., Paixao E., De Carvalho F. P., Pinto I., Possetti P., Quinta M., Ramos R. R. N., Rocha R., Rodrigues A., Rodrigues C., Romantini L., Sanches A., Santana S., Da Silva L. S., Schvartzman P., Matushita C. S., Senra T., Shiozaki A., De Siqueira M. E. M., Siqueira C., Smanio P., Soares C. E., Soares J., Bittencourt M. S., Spiro B., Mesquita C. T., Torreao J., Torres R., Uellendahl M., Monte G. U., Verissimo O., Cabeda E. V., Pedras F. V., Waltrick R., Zapparoli M., Naseer H., Garcheva-Tsacheva M., Kostadinova I., Theng Y., Abikhzer G., Barette R., Chow B., Dabreo D., Friedrich M., Garg R., Hafez M. N., Johnson C., Kiess M., Leipsic J., Leung E., Miller R., Oikonomou A., Probst S., Roifman I., Small G., Tandon V., Trivedi A., White J., Zukotynski K., Canessa J., Munoz G. C., Concha C., Hidalgo P., Lovera C., Massardo T., Vargas L. S., Abad P., Arturo H., Ayala S., Benitez L., Cadena A., Caicedo C., Moncayo A. C., Gomez S., Villamil C. T. G., Jaimes C., Londono J., Blair J. L. L., Pabon L., Pineda M., Rojas J. C., Ruiz D., Escobar M. V., Vasquez A., Vergel D., Zuluaga A., Gamboa I. B., Castro G., Gonzalez U., Baric A., Batinic T., Franceschi M., Hrabak M., Jukic M., Medakovic P., Persic V., Prpic M., Punda A., Batista J. F., Lauchy J. M. G., Gutierrez Y. M., Menendez R., Peix A., Rochela L., Panagidis C., Petrou I., Engelmann V., Kaminek M., Kincl V., Lang O., Simanek M., Abdulla J., Bottcher M., Christensen M., Gormsen L. C., Hasbak P., Hess S., Holdgaard P., Johansen A., Kyhl K., Ovrehus K. A., Sand N. P. R., Steffensen R., Thomassen A., Zerahn B., Perez A., Velez G. A. E., Velez M. S., Aziz I. S. A., Abougabal M., Ahmed T., Allam A., Asfour A., Hassan M., Hassan A., Ibrahim A., Kaffas S., Kandeel A., Ali M. M., Mansy A., Maurice H., Nabil S., Shaaban M., Flores A. C., Poksi A., Knuuti J., Kokkonen V., Larikka M., Uusitalo V., Bailly M., Burg S., Deux J. -F., Habouzit V., Hyafil F., Lairez O., Proffit F., Regaieg H., Sarda-Mantel L., Tacher V., Schneider R. P., Ayetey H., Angelidis G., Archontaki A., Chatziioannou S., Datseris I., Fragkaki C., Georgoulias P., Koukouraki S., Koutelou M., Kyrozi E., Repasos E., Stavrou P., Valsamaki P., Gonzalez C., Gutierrez G., Maldonado A., Buga K., Garai I., Schmidt E., Szilveszter B., Varady E., Banthia N., Bhagat J. K., Bhargava R., Bhat V., Bhatia M., Choudhury P., Chowdekar V. S., Irodi A., Jain S., Joseph E., Kumar S., Mahapatra G., Mitra D., Mittal B. R., Ozair A., Patel C., Patel T., Patel R., Patel S., Saxena S., Sengupta S., Singh S., Singh B., Sood A., Verma A., Affandi E., Alam P. S., Edison E., Gunawan G., Hapkido H., Hidayat B., Huda A., Mukti A. P., Prawiro D., Soeriadi E. A., Syawaluddin H., Albadr A., Assadi M., Emami F., Houshmand G., Maleki M., Rostami M. T., Zakavi S. R., Zaid E. A., Agranovich S., Arnson Y., Bar-Shalom R., Frenkel A., Knafo G., Lugassi R., Moalem I. S. M., Mor M., Muskal N., Ranser S., Shalev A., Albano D., Alongi P., Arnone G., Bagatin E., Baldari S., Bauckneht M., Bertelli P., Bianco F., Bonfiglioli R., Boni R., Bruno A., Bruno I., Busnardo E., Califaretti E., Camoni L., Carnevale A., Casoni R., Cavallo A. U., Cavenaghi G., Chierichetti F., Chiocchi M., Cittanti C., Colletta M., Conti U., Cossu A., Cuocolo A., Cuzzocrea M., De Rimini M. L., De Vincentis G., Del Giudice E., Del Torto A., Della Tommasina V., Durmo R., Erba P. A., Evangelista L., Faletti R., Faragasso E., Farsad M., Ferro P., Florimonte L., Frantellizzi V., Fringuelli F. M., Gatti M., Gaudiano A., Gimelli A., Giubbini R., Giuffrida F., Ialuna S., Laudicella R., Leccisotti L., Leva L., Liga R., Liguori C., Longo G., Maffione M., Mancini M. E., Marcassa C., Nardi B., Pacella S., Pepe G., Pulizzi S., Quartuccio N., Rampin L., Ricci F., Rossini P., Rubini G., Russo V., Sacchetti G. M., Sambuceti G., Scarano M., Sciagra R., Sperandio M., Stefanelli A., Ventroni G., Zoboli S., Baugh D., Chambers D., Madu E., Nunura F., Asano H., Chimura C. M., Fujimoto S., Fujisue K., Fukunaga T., Fukushima Y., Fukuyama K., Hashimoto J., Ichikawa Y., Iguchi N., Imai M., Inaki A., Ishimura H., Isobe S., Kadokami T., Kato T., Kudo T., Kumita S., Maruno H., Mataki H., Miyagawa M., Morimoto R., Moroi M., Nagamachi S., Nakajima K., Nakata T., Nakazato R., Nanasato M., Naya M., Norikane T., Ohta Y., Okayama S., Okizaki A., Otomi Y., Otsuka H., Saito M., Sakata S. Y., Sarai M., Sato D., Shiraishi S., Suwa Y., Takanami K., Takehana K., Taki J., Tamaki N., Taniguchi Y., Teragawa H., Tomizawa N., Tsujita K., Umeji K., Wakabayashi Y., Yamada S., Yamazaki S., Yoneyama T., Rawashdeh M., Batyrkhanov D., Dautov T., Makhdomi K., Ombati K., Alkandari F., Garashi M., Coie T. 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Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)
Subjects: INCAPS COVID Investigators Group, cardiac imaging techniques, Settore MED/11 - Malattie dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare, Practice Patterns, Disease, Cardiovascular, coronary artery disease, COVID-19, Cardiac Imaging Techniques, Cardiologists, Europe, Health Care Surveys, Healthcare Disparities, Heart Diseases, Humans, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Predictive Value of Tests, Gross domestic product, Human health, cardiovascular disease, Pandemic, Medicine, cardiovascular imaging, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Interna medicina, cardiac imaging technique, Predictive value of tests, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Infektologija, cardiac disease, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Independent predictor, cardiac imaging, NO, Imaging diagnosis, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Internal Medicine, Physicians', business.industry, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Infectology, RC666-701, HOSPITALIZATIONS, business, Health Care Delivery, Economics and Global Health Care, Demography
Abstract: ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac diagnostic testing and practice and to assess its impact in different regions in Europe.MethodsThe online survey organised by the International Atomic Energy Agency Division of Human Health collected information on changes in cardiac imaging procedural volumes between March 2019 and March/April 2020. Data were collected from 909 centres in 108 countries.ResultsCentres in Northern and Southern Europe were more likely to cancel all outpatient activities compared with Western and Eastern Europe. There was a greater reduction in total procedure volumes in Europe compared with the rest of the world in March 2020 (45% vs 41%, p=0.003), with a more marked reduction in Southern Europe (58%), but by April 2020 this was similar in Europe and the rest of the world (69% vs 63%, p=0.261). Regional variations were apparent between imaging modalities, but the largest reductions were in Southern Europe for nearly all modalities. In March 2020, location in Southern Europe was the only independent predictor of the reduction in procedure volume. However, in April 2020, lower gross domestic product and higher COVID-19 deaths were the only independent predictors.ConclusionThe first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on care of patients with cardiac disease, with substantial regional variations in Europe. This has potential long-term implications for patients and plans are required to enable the diagnosis of non-COVID-19 conditions during the ongoing pandemic.
Published: 2021
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23. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Testing in Asia

Author: Takashi Kudo, Ryan Lahey, Cole B. Hirschfeld, Michelle C. Williams, Bin Lu, Mirvat Alasnag, Mona Bhatia, Hee-Seung Henry Bom, Tairkhan Dautov, Reza Fazel, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Felix Y.J. Keng, Ronen Rubinshtein, Nathan Better, Rodrigo Julio Cerci, Sharmila Dorbala, Paolo Raggi, Leslee J. Shaw, Todd C. Villines, João V. Vitola, Andrew D. Choi, Eli Malkovskiy, Benjamin Goebel, Yosef A. Cohen, Michael Randazzo, Thomas N.B. Pascual, Yaroslav Pynda, Maurizio Dondi, Diana Paez, Andrew J. Einstein, Rodrigo Cerci, Joao V. Vitola, Gerd Hinterleitner, Yao Lu, Olga Morozova, Zhuoran Xu, Yosef Cohen, Andrew Choi, Juan Lopez-Mattei, Purvi Parwani, Mohammad Nawaz Nasery, Artan Goda, Ervina Shirka, Rabie Benlabgaa, Salah Bouyoucef, Abdelkader Medjahedi, Qais Nailli, Mariela Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo Arroñada, Andrea Astesiano, Alfredo Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo Benteo, Juan Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul Cabrejas, Jorge Cachero, Roxana Campisi, Alejandro Canderoli, Silvia Carames, Patrícia Carrascosa, Ricardo Castro, Oscar Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos Collaud, Claudia Cortes, Javier Courtis, Daniel Cragnolino, Mariana Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando Dettori, Alejandro Deviggiano, Laura Dragonetti, Mario Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge Ensinas, Fernando Faccio, Adolfo Facello, Diego Garofalo, Ricardo Geronazzo, Natalia Gonza, Lucas Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor Hasbani, Melina Huerin, Victor Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves A. López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra Marquez, Osvaldo Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio Masoli, Edgardo Mastrovito, Matias Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana Molteni, Marcos Montecinos, Eduardo Noguera, Carlos Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro Radzinschi, Gustavo Raimondi, Marcela Redruello, Marina Rodríguez, Matías Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia Solari, Bruno Strada, Sonia Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan Wolcan, Susana Zeffiro, Mari Sakanyan, Scott Beuzeville, Raef Boktor, Patrick Butler, Jennifer Calcott, Loretta Carr, Virgil Chan, Charles Chao, Woon Chong, Mark Dobson, D'Arne Downie, Girish Dwivedi, Barry Elison, Jean Engela, Roslyn Francis, Anand Gaikwad, Ashok Gangasandra Basavaraj, Bruce Goodwin, Robert Greenough, Christian Hamilton-Craig, Victar Hsieh, Subodh Joshi, Karin Lederer, Kenneth Lee, Joseph Lee, John Magnussen, Nghi Mai, Gordon Mander, Fiona Murton, Dee Nandurkar, Johanne Neill, Edward O'Rourke, Patricia O'Sullivan, George Pandos, Kunthi Pathmaraj, Alexander Pitman, Rohan Poulter, Manuja Premaratne, David Prior, Lloyd Ridley, Natalie Rutherford, Hamid Salehi, Connor Saunders, Luke Scarlett, Sujith Seneviratne, Deepa Shetty, Ganesh Shrestha, Jonathan Shulman, Vijay Solanki, Tony Stanton, Murch Stuart, Michael Stubbs, Ian Swainson, Kim Taubman, Andrew Taylor, Paul Thomas, Steven Unger, Anthony Upton, Shankar Vamadevan, William Van Gaal, Johan Verjans, Demetrius Voutnis, Victor Wayne, Peter Wilson, David Wong, Kirby Wong, John Younger, Gudrun Feuchtner, Siroos Mirzaei, Konrad Weiss, Natallia Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Olivier Gheysens, Filip Homans, Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes, Agnès Pasquet, Veronique Roelants, Caroline M. Van De Heyning, Raúl Araujo Ríos, Valentina Soldat-Stankovic, Sinisa Stankovic, Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana Andrade, Carlos Anselmi, Roberta Araújo, Guilherme Azevedo, Sabbrina Bezerra, Rodrigo Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara Carreira, Bruno Castro, Tien Chang, Fernando Cunali, Roberto Cury, Roberto Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda Erthal, Fabio Fernandes, Juliano Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno Ghini, Luiz Goncalves, Ilan Gottlieb, Marcelo Hadlich, Vinícius Kameoka, Ronaldo Lima, Adna Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado e Silva, Tiago Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania Naue, Danilo Naves, Roberto Nolasco, Cesar Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim Pinto, Priscila Possetti, Mayra Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo Rocha, Alfredo Rodrigues, Carlos Rodrigues, Leila Romantini, Adelina Sanches, Sara Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago Senra, Afonso Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano Siqueira, Paola Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge Torreao, Rafael Torres, Marly Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto Waltrick, Marcello Zapparoli, Hamid Naseer, Marina Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena Kostadinova, Youdaline Theng, Gad Abikhzer, Rene Barette, Benjamin Chow, Dominique Dabreo, Matthias Friedrich, Ria Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris Johnson, Marla Kiess, Jonathon Leipsic, Eugene Leung, Robert Miller, Anastasia Oikonomou, Stephan Probst, Idan Roifman, Gary Small, Vikas Tandon, Adwait Trivedi, James White, Katherine Zukotynski, Jose Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen Concha, Pablo Hidalgo, Cesar Lovera, Teresa Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas, Pedro Abad, Harold Arturo, Sandra Ayala, Luis Benitez, Alberto Cadena, Carlos Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon Gomez, Claudia T. 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Karim, Luise Reichmuth, Anthony Samuel, Mohammad Aaftaab Allarakha, Ambedhkar Shantaram Naojee, Erick Alexanderson-Rosas, Erika Barragan, Alejandro Becerril González-Montecinos, Manuel Cabada, Daniel Calderon Rodriguez, Isabel Carvajal-Juarez, Violeta Cortés, Filiberto Cortés, Erasmo De La Peña, Manlio Gama-Moreno, Luis González, Nelsy Gonzalez Ramírez, Moisés Jiménez-Santos, Luis Matos, Edgar Monroy, Martha Morelos, Mario Ornelas, Jose Alberto Ortga Ramirez, Andrés Preciado-Anaya, Óscar Ulises Preciado-Gutiérrez, Adriana Puente Barragan, Sandra Graciela Rosales Uvera, Sigelinda Sandoval, Miguel Santaularia Tomas, Lilia M. 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Bayer, Adam Bernheim, Sabha Bhatti, Erik Bieging, Ron Blankstein, Stephen Bloom, Sean Blue, David Bluemke, Andressa Borges, Kelley Branch, Paco Bravo, Jessica Brothers, Matthew Budoff, Renée Bullock-Palmer, Angela Burandt, Floyd W. Burke, Kelvin Bush, Candace Candela, Elizabeth Capasso, Joao Cavalcante, Donald Chang, Saurav Chatterjee, Yiannis Chatzizisis, Michael Cheezum, Tiffany Chen, Jennifer Chen, Marcus Chen, James Clarcq, Ayreen Cordero, Matthew Crim, Sorin Danciu, Bruce Decter, Nimish Dhruva, Neil Doherty, Rami Doukky, Anjori Dunbar, William Duvall, Rachael Edwards, Kerry Esquitin, Husam Farah, Emilio Fentanes, Maros Ferencik, Daniel Fisher, Daniel Fitzpatrick, Cameron Foster, Tony Fuisz, Michael Gannon, Lori Gastner, Myron Gerson, Brian Ghoshhajra, Alan Goldberg, Brian Goldner, Jorge Gonzalez, Rosco Gore, Sandra Gracia-López, Fadi Hage, Agha Haider, Sofia Haider, Yasmin Hamirani, Karen Hassen, Mallory Hatfield, Carolyn Hawkins, Katie Hawthorne, Nicholas Heath, Robert Hendel, Phillip Hernandez, Gregory Hill, Stephen Horgan, Jeff Huffman, Lynne Hurwitz, Ami Iskandrian, Rajesh Janardhanan, Christine Jellis, Scott Jerome, Dinesh Kalra, Summanther Kaviratne, Fernando Kay, Faith Kelly, Omar Khalique, Mona Kinkhabwala, George Kinzfogl Iii, Jacqueline Kircher, Rachael Kirkbride, Michael Kontos, Anupama Kottam, Joseph Krepp, Jay Layer, Steven H. Lee, Jeffrey Leppo, John Lesser, Steve Leung, Howard Lewin, Diana Litmanovich, Yiyan Liu, Kathleen Magurany, Jeremy Markowitz, Amanda Marn, Stephen E. Matis, Michael Mckenna, Tony Mcrae, Fernando Mendoza, Michael Merhige, David Min, Chanan Moffitt, Karen Moncher, Warren Moore, Shamil Morayati, Michael Morris, Mahmud Mossa-Basha, Zorana Mrsic, Venkatesh Murthy, Prashant Nagpal, Kyle Napier, Katarina Nelson, Prabhjot Nijjar, Medhat Osman, Edward Passen, Amit Patel, Pravin Patil, Ryan Paul, Lawrence Phillips, Venkateshwar Polsani, Rajaram Poludasu, Brian Pomerantz, Thomas Porter, Ryan Prentice, Amit Pursnani, Mark Rabbat, Suresh Ramamurti, Florence Rich, Hiram Rivera Luna, Austin Robinson, Kim Robles, Cesar Rodríguez, Mark Rorie, John Rumberger, Raymond Russell, Philip Sabra, Diego Sadler, Mary Schemmer, U. Joseph Schoepf, Samir Shah, Nishant Shah, Sujata Shanbhag, Gaurav Sharma, Steven Shayani, Jamshid Shirani, Pushpa Shivaram, Steven Sigman, Mitch Simon, Ahmad Slim, David Smith, Alexandra Smith, Prem Soman, Aditya Sood, Monvadi Barbara Srichai-Parsia, James Streeter, Albert T, Ahmed Tawakol, Dustin Thomas, Randall Thompson, Tara Torbet, Desiree Trinidad, Shawn Ullery, Samuel Unzek, Seth Uretsky, Srikanth Vallurupalli, Vikas Verma, Alfonso Waller, Ellen Wang, Parker Ward, Gaby Weissman, George Wesbey, Kelly White, David Winchester, David Wolinsky, Sandra Yost, Michael Zgaljardic, Omar Alonso, Mario Beretta, Rodolfo Ferrando, Miguel Kapitan, Fernando Mut, Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva, Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, Xuan Canh Nguyen, Kudo, T, Lahey, R, Hirschfeld, C, Williams, M, Lu, B, Alasnag, M, Bhatia, M, Henry Bom, H, Dautov, T, Fazel, R, Karthikeyan, G, Keng, F, Rubinshtein, R, Better, N, Cerci, R, Dorbala, S, Raggi, P, Shaw, L, Villines, T, Vitola, J, Choi, A, Malkovskiy, E, 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Schmidt, E, Szilveszter, B, Várady, E, Banthia, N, Bhagat, J, Bhargava, R, Bhat, V, Choudhury, P, Chowdekar, V, Irodi, A, Jain, S, Joseph, E, Kumar, S, Girijanandan Mahapatra, P, Mitra, D, Mittal, B, Ozair, A, Patel, C, Patel, T, Patel, R, Patel, S, Saxena, S, Sengupta, S, Singh, S, Singh, B, Sood, A, Verma, A, Affandi, E, Alam, P, Edison, E, Gunawan, G, Hapkido, H, Hidayat, B, Huda, A, Mukti, A, Prawiro, D, Soeriadi, E, Syawaluddin, H, Albadr, A, Assadi, M, Emami, F, Houshmand, G, Maleki, M, Rostami, M, Zakavi, S, Zaid, E, Agranovich, S, Arnson, Y, Bar-Shalom, R, Frenkel, A, Knafo, G, Lugassi, R, Maor Moalem, I, Mor, M, Muskal, N, Ranser, S, Shalev, A, Albano, D, Alongi, P, Arnone, G, Bagatin, E, Baldari, S, Bauckneht, M, Bertelli, P, Bianco, F, Bonfiglioli, R, Boni, R, Bruno, A, Bruno, I, Busnardo, E, Califaretti, E, Camoni, L, Carnevale, A, Casoni, R, Cavallo, A, Cavenaghi, G, Chierichetti, F, Chiocchi, M, Cittanti, C, Colletta, M, Conti, U, Cossu, A, Cuocolo, A, Cuzzocrea, M, De Rimini, M, De Vincentis, G, Del Giudice, E, Del Torto, A, Della Tommasina, V, Durmo, R, Erba, P, Evangelista, L, Faletti, R, Faragasso, E, Farsad, M, Ferro, P, Florimonte, L, Frantellizzi, V, Fringuelli, F, Gatti, M, Gaudiano, A, Gimelli, A, Giubbini, R, Giuffrida, F, Ialuna, S, Laudicella, R, Leccisotti, L, Leva, L, Liga, R, Liguori, C, Longo, G, Maffione, M, Mancini, M, Marcassa, C, Milan, E, Nardi, B, Pacella, S, Pepe, G, Pontone, G, Pulizzi, S, Quartuccio, N, Rampin, L, Ricci, F, Rossini, P, Rubini, G, Russo, V, Sacchetti, G, Sambuceti, G, Scarano, M, Sciagrà, R, Sperandio, M, Stefanelli, A, Ventroni, G, Zoboli, S, Baugh, D, Chambers, D, Madu, E, Nunura, F, Asano, H, Chimura, C, Fujimoto, S, Fujisue, K, Fukunaga, T, Fukushima, Y, Fukuyama, K, Hashimoto, J, Ichikawa, Y, Iguchi, N, Imai, M, Inaki, A, Ishimura, H, Isobe, S, Kadokami, T, Kato, T, Kumita, S, Maruno, H, Mataki, H, Miyagawa, M, Morimoto, R, Moroi, M, Nagamachi, S, Nakajima, K, Nakata, T, Nakazato, R, Nanasato, M, Naya, M, Norikane, T, Ohta, Y, Okayama, S, Okizaki, A, Otomi, Y, Otsuka, H, Saito, M, Sakata, S, Sarai, M, Sato, D, Shiraishi, S, Suwa, Y, Takanami, K, Takehana, K, Taki, J, Tamaki, N, Taniguchi, Y, Teragawa, H, Tomizawa, N, Tsujita, K, Umeji, K, Wakabayashi, Y, Yamada, S, Yamazaki, S, Yoneyama, T, Rawashdeh, M, Batyrkhanov, D, Makhdomi, K, Ombati, K, Alkandari, F, Garashi, M, Coie, T, Rajvong, S, Kalinin, A, Kalnina, M, Haidar, M, Komiagiene, R, Kviecinskiene, G, Mataciunas, M, Vajauskas, D, Picard, C, Karim, N, Reichmuth, L, Samuel, A, Allarakha, M, Naojee, A, Alexanderson-Rosas, E, Barragan, E, González-Montecinos, A, Cabada, M, Rodriguez, D, Carvajal-Juarez, I, Cortés, V, Cortés, F, De La Peña, E, Gama-Moreno, M, González, L, Ramírez, N, Jiménez-Santos, M, Matos, L, Monroy, E, Morelos, M, Ornelas, M, Ortga Ramirez, J, Preciado-Anaya, A, Preciado-Gutiérrez, Ó, Barragan, A, Rosales Uvera, S, Sandoval, S, Tomas, M, Sierra-Galan, L, Siu, S, Vallejo, E, Valles, M, Faraggi, M, Sereegotov, E, Ilic, S, Ben-Rais, N, Alaoui, N, Taleb, S, Pa Myo, K, Thu, P, Ghimire, R, Rajbanshi, B, Barneveld, P, Glaudemans, A, Habets, J, Koopmans, K, Manders, J, Pool, S, Scholte, A, Scholtens, A, Slart, R, Thimister, P, Van Asperen, E, Veltman, N, Verschure, D, Wagenaar, N, Edmond, J, Ellis, C, Johnson, K, Keenan, R, Kueh, S, Occleshaw, C, Sasse, A, To, A, Van Pelt, N, Young, C, Cuadra, T, Roque Vanegas, H, Soli, I, Issoufou, D, Ayodele, T, Madu, C, Onimode, Y, Efros-Monsen, E, Forsdahl, S, Hildre Dimmen, J, Jørgensen, A, Krohn, I, Løvhaugen, P, Bråten, A, Al Dhuhli, H, Al Kindi, F, Al-Bulushi, N, Jawa, Z, Tag, N, Afzal, M, Fatima, S, Younis, M, Riaz, M, Saadullah, M, Herrera, Y, Lenturut-Katal, D, Vázquez, M, Ortellado, J, Akhter, A, Cao, D, Cheung, S, Dai, X, Gong, L, Han, D, Hou, Y, Li, C, Li, T, Li, D, Li, S, Liu, J, Liu, H, Ng, M, Sun, K, Tang, G, Wang, J, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wang, Y, Wu, J, Wu, Z, Xia, L, Xiao, J, Xu, L, Yang, Y, Yin, W, Yu, J, Yuan, L, Zhang, T, Zhang, L, Zhang, Y, Zhang, X, Zhu, L, Alfaro, A, Abrihan, P, Barroso, A, Cruz, E, Gomez, M, Magboo, V, Medina, J, Obaldo, J, Pastrana, D, Pawhay, C, Quinon, A, Tang, J, Tecson, B, Uson, K, Uy, M, Kostkiewicz, M, Kunikowska, J, Bettencourt, N, Cantinho, G, Ferreira, A, Syed, G, Arnous, S, Atyani, S, Byrne, A, Gleeson, T, Kerins, D, Meehan, C, Murphy, D, Murphy, M, Murray, J, O'Brien, J, Bang, J, Bom, H, Cho, S, Hong, C, Jang, S, Jeong, Y, Kang, W, Kim, J, Namgung, C, So, Y, Won, K, Majstorov, V, Vavlukis, M, Salobir, B, Štalc, M, Benedek, T, Benedek, I, Mititelu, R, Stan, C, Ansheles, A, Dariy, O, Drozdova, O, Gagarina, N, Gulyaev, V, Itskovich, I, Karalkin, A, Kokov, A, Migunova, E, Pospelov, V, Ryzhkova, D, Saifullina, G, Sazonova, S, Sergienko, V, Shurupova, I, Trifonova, T, Ussov, W, Vakhromeeva, M, Valiullina, N, Zavadovsky, K, Zhuravlev, K, Okarvi, S, Saranovic, D, Jason See, J, Sekar, R, Yew, M, Vondrak, A, Bejai, S, Bennie, G, Bester, R, Engelbrecht, G, Evbuomwan, O, Gongxeka, H, Vuuren, M, Kaplan, M, Khushica, P, Lakhi, H, Louw, L, Malan, N, Milos, K, Modiselle, M, More, S, Naidoo, M, Scholtz, L, Vangu, M, Aguadé-Bruix, S, Blanco, I, Cabrera, A, Camarero, A, Casáns-Tormo, I, Cuellar-Calabria, H, Flotats, A, Fuentes Cañamero, M, García, M, Jimenez-Heffernan, A, Leta, R, Diaz, J, Lumbreras, L, Marquez-Cabeza, J, Martin, F, Martinez de Alegria, A, Medina, F, Canal, M, Peiro, V, Pubul-Nuñez, V, Rayo Madrid, J, Rey, C, Perez, R, Ruiz, J, Hernández, G, Sevilla, A, Zeidán, N, Nanayakkara, D, Udugama, C, Simonsson, M, Alkadhi, H, Buechel, R, Burger, P, Ceriani, L, De Boeck, B, Gräni, C, Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, A, Kamani, C, Kawel-Boehm, N, Manka, R, Prior, J, Rominger, A, Vallée, J, Khiewvan, B, Premprabha, T, Thientunyakit, T, Sellem, A, Kir, K, Sayman, H, Sebikali, M, Muyinda, Z, Kmetyuk, Y, Korol, P, Mykhalchenko, O, Pliatsek, V, Satyr, M, Albalooshi, B, Ahmed Hassan, M, Anderson, J, Bedi, P, Biggans, T, Bularga, A, Bull, R, Burgul, R, Carpenter, J, Coles, D, Cusack, D, Deshpande, A, Dougan, J, Fairbairn, T, Farrugia, A, Gopalan, D, Gummow, A, Ramkumar, P, Hamilton, M, Harbinson, M, Hartley, T, Hudson, B, Joshi, N, Kay, M, Kelion, A, Khokhar, A, Kitt, J, Low, C, Mak, S, Marousa, N, Martin, J, Mcalindon, E, Menezes, L, Morgan-Hughes, G, Moss, A, Murray, A, Nicol, E, Patel, D, Peebles, C, Pugliese, F, Luis Rodrigues, J, Rofe, C, Sabharwal, N, Schofield, R, Semple, T, Sharma, N, Strouhal, P, Subedi, D, Topping, W, Tweed, K, Weir-Mccall, J, Abbara, S, Abbasi, T, Abbott, B, Abohashem, S, Abramson, S, Al-Abboud, T, Al-Mallah, M, Almousalli, O, Ananthasubramaniam, K, Kumar, M, Askew, J, Attanasio, L, Balmer-Swain, M, Bayer, R, Bernheim, A, Bhatti, S, Bieging, E, Blankstein, R, Bloom, S, Blue, S, Bluemke, D, Borges, A, Branch, K, Bravo, P, Brothers, J, Budoff, M, Bullock-Palmer, R, Burandt, A, Burke, F, Bush, K, Candela, C, Capasso, E, Cavalcante, J, Chang, D, Chatterjee, S, Chatzizisis, Y, Cheezum, M, Chen, T, Chen, J, Chen, M, Clarcq, J, Cordero, A, Crim, M, Danciu, S, Decter, B, Dhruva, N, Doherty, N, Doukky, R, Dunbar, A, Duvall, W, Edwards, R, Esquitin, K, Farah, H, Fentanes, E, Ferencik, M, Fisher, D, Fitzpatrick, D, Foster, C, Fuisz, T, Gannon, M, Gastner, L, Gerson, M, Ghoshhajra, B, Goldberg, A, Goldner, B, Gonzalez, J, Gore, R, Gracia-López, S, Hage, F, Haider, A, Haider, S, Hamirani, Y, Hassen, K, Hatfield, M, Hawkins, C, Hawthorne, K, Heath, N, Hendel, R, Hernandez, P, Hill, G, Horgan, S, Huffman, J, Hurwitz, L, Iskandrian, A, Janardhanan, R, Jellis, C, Jerome, S, Kalra, D, Kaviratne, S, Kay, F, Kelly, F, Khalique, O, Kinkhabwala, M, Iii, G, Kircher, J, Kirkbride, R, Kontos, M, Kottam, A, Krepp, J, Layer, J, Lee, S, Leppo, J, Lesser, J, Leung, S, Lewin, H, Litmanovich, D, Liu, Y, Magurany, K, Markowitz, J, Marn, A, Matis, S, Mckenna, M, Mcrae, T, Mendoza, F, Merhige, M, Min, D, Moffitt, C, Moncher, K, Moore, W, Morayati, S, Morris, M, Mossa-Basha, M, Mrsic, Z, Murthy, V, Nagpal, P, Napier, K, Nelson, K, Nijjar, P, Osman, M, Passen, E, Patel, A, Patil, P, Paul, R, Phillips, L, Polsani, V, Poludasu, R, Pomerantz, B, Porter, T, Prentice, R, Pursnani, A, Rabbat, M, Ramamurti, S, Rich, F, Luna, H, Robinson, A, Robles, K, Rodríguez, C, Rorie, M, Rumberger, J, Russell, R, Sabra, P, Sadler, D, Schemmer, M, Schoepf, U, Shah, S, Shah, N, Shanbhag, S, Sharma, G, Shayani, S, Shirani, J, Shivaram, P, Sigman, S, Simon, M, Slim, A, Smith, D, Smith, A, Soman, P, Srichai-Parsia, M, Streeter, J, T, A, Tawakol, A, Thomas, D, Thompson, R, Torbet, T, Trinidad, D, Ullery, S, Unzek, S, Uretsky, S, Vallurupalli, S, Verma, V, Waller, A, Wang, E, Ward, P, Weissman, G, Wesbey, G, White, K, Winchester, D, Wolinsky, D, Yost, S, Zgaljardic, M, Alonso, O, Beretta, M, Ferrando, R, Kapitan, M, Mut, F, Djuraev, O, Rozikhodjaeva, G, Le Ngoc, H, Mai, S, and Nguyen, X
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Heart disease, business.industry, cardiac testing, coronavirus, COVID-19, global health, Disease, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, coronaviru, cardiovascular disease, RC666-701, Emergency medicine, Pandemic, medicine, Global health, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, business, Coronavirus
Abstract: Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected management of cardiovascular disease around the world. The effect of the pandemic on volume of cardiovascular diagnostic procedures is not known. Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diagnostic procedures and safety practices in Asia. Methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey to assess changes in cardiovascular procedure volume and safety practices caused by COVID-19. Testing volumes were reported for March 2020 and April 2020 and were compared to those from March 2019. Data from 180 centers across 33 Asian countries were grouped into 4 subregions for comparison. Results: Procedure volumes decreased by 47% from March 2019 to March 2020, showing recovery from March 2020 to April 2020 in Eastern Asia, particularly in China. The majority of centers cancelled outpatient activities and increased time per study. Practice changes included implementing physical distancing and restricting visitors. Although COVID testing was not commonly performed, it was conducted in one-third of facilities in Eastern Asia. The most severe reductions in procedure volumes were observed in lower-income countries, where volumes decreased 81% from March 2019 to April 2020. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic in Asia caused significant reductions in cardiovascular diagnostic procedures, particularly in low-income countries. Further studies on effects of COVID-19 on cardiovascular outcomes and changes in care delivery are warranted.
Published: 2021

24. A 3D primary human cell-based in vitro model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis for efficacy testing of clinical drug candidates

Author: Thomas Hofstetter, Manuela Bieri, Donna Busler, Katia Fiaschetti-Egli, Simon Ströbel, Radina Kostadinova, Katarzyna Sanchez, Eva C. Thoma, Agnieszka Pawlowska, Jana Rupp, and Sue Grepper
Subjects: Kupffer Cells, Science, Diseases, Inflammation, In Vitro Techniques, Pharmacology, Article, Transcriptome, Liver disease, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Fibrosis, medicine, Humans, Cell Culture Techniques, Three Dimensional, Multidisciplinary, Drug discovery, Disease model, business.industry, Gene Expression Profiling, Endothelial Cells, Lipid metabolism, medicine.disease, Coculture Techniques, Gene Expression Regulation, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Drug screening, Hepatocytes, Hepatic stellate cell, Medicine, Steatohepatitis, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive and severe liver disease, characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation, and downstream fibrosis. Despite its increasing prevalence, there is no approved treatment yet available for patients. This has been at least partially due to the lack of predictive preclinical models for studying this complex disease. Here, we present a 3D in vitro microtissue model that uses spheroidal, scaffold free co-culture of primary human hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, liver endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells. Upon exposure to defined and clinically relevant lipotoxic and inflammatory stimuli, these microtissues develop key pathophysiological features of NASH within 10 days, including an increase of intracellular triglyceride content and lipids, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, fibrosis was evident through release of procollagen type I, and increased deposition of extracellular collagen fibers. Whole transcriptome analysis revealed changes in the regulation of pathways associated with NASH, such as lipid metabolism, inflammation and collagen processing. Importantly, treatment with anti-NASH drug candidates (Selonsertib and Firsocostat) decreased the measured specific disease parameter, in accordance with clinical observations. These drug treatments also significantly changed the gene expression patterns of the microtissues, thus providing mechanisms of action and revealing therapeutic potential. In summary, this human NASH model represents a promising drug discovery tool for understanding the underlying complex mechanisms in NASH, evaluating efficacy of anti-NASH drug candidates and identifying new approaches for therapeutic interventions.
Published: 2021
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25. 1036 The prognostic role of beta-catenin in patients with advanced stage serous ovarian cancer

Author: R Jovanovic, Petrushevska G, I Aluloski, S Kostadinova-Kunovska, V Jovanovska, and M Tanturovski
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Beta-catenin, endocrine system diseases, biology, business.industry, Advanced stage, Disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Serous fluid, Internal medicine, medicine, Serous ovarian cancer, biology.protein, Immunohistochemistry, In patient, Stage (cooking), business
Abstract: Introduction/Background* Serous ovarian cancer is the most common sub-type of epithelial ovarian cancer and is the leading cause of cancer-related death among gynecologic cancer patients. Beta-catenin plays a vital role in the genesis of certain types of cancers. Its implications in the survival and prognosis of patients with serous ovarian cancer is not yet fully understood. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between beta-catenin expression, as well as certain other clinical and pathohistological characteristics of serous ovarian cancers, with the overall patient survival in advanced stage cases. Methodology We conducted immunohistochemical analysis in tumor specimens from 40 patients to determine the expression of beta-catenin. We analyzed the relationship between beta-catenin expression and the FIGO disease stage and the tumor grade. We used Kaplan-Meier statistics to analyze the prognosis. Result(s)* We detected increased expression of beta-catenin in patients with FIGO Stage III or IV (p=0.0003). We did not detect a statistically significant association between beta-catenin expression and tumor grade (p=0.817). The positive expression of beta-catenin was associated with shorter average survival (p=0.034). There was no statistically significant relationship between beta-catenin expression and other pathohistological tumor features. Conclusion* Beta-catenin expression is associated with poorer prognosis in patients with serous ovarian cancer.
Published: 2021
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26. An increased occurrence of viral hepatitis A during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author: Tsvetelina Kostadinova, Zhivka Stoykova, and Tatina T. Todorova
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, General Immunology and Microbiology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Hepatitis, Viral, Human, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Virology, Infectious Diseases, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, sense organs, Viral hepatitis, business, Pandemics
Abstract: To the Editor,The still ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has remarkably changed human behaviour but also the distribution of known viral diseases. In a study from Finland recently published in the present...
Published: 2021

27. High Red Cell Distribution Width and Low Absolute Lymphocyte Count Associate With Subsequent Mortality in HCV Infection

Author: Alyssa Lange, Taissa Bej, Carey L. Shive, Surya Gopal, Yngve Falck-Ytter, Anita Moreland, Perica Davitkov, Lenche Kostadinova, Donald D. Anthony, Sofi Damjanovska, Sadeer G. Al-Kindi, David A. Zidar, Corrine Kowal, and Brigid Wilson
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Immunology, Red cell, Gastroenterology, Liver disease, Internal medicine, Risk of mortality, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Rheumatoid arthritis, Molecular Biology, Framingham Risk Score, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Red blood cell distribution width, medicine.disease, Infectious Diseases, inflammation, Anisocytosis, Lymphocyte, business, Transient elastography, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Research Article
Abstract: Background: Hepatitis-C virus (HCV) chronic infection can lead to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), end-stage liver disease, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality. Transient Elastography (TE) is used to non-invasively assess fibrosis. Whether immune monitoring provides additive prognostic value is not established. Increased red-cell distribution width (RDW) and decreased absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) predict mortality in those without liver disease. Whether these relationships remain during HCV infection is unknown. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort of 1,715 single-site VA Liver Clinic patients receiving Transient Elastography (TE) 2014-2019 to evaluate HCV-associated liver damage were evaluated for RDW and ALC in relation to traditional parameters of cardiovascular risk, liver health, development of HCC, and mortality. Results: The cohort was 97% male, 55% African American, 26% with diabetes mellitus, 67% with hypertension, and 66% with tobacco use. After TE, 3% were subsequently diagnosed with HCC, and 12% (n=208) died. Most deaths (n=189) were due to non-liver causes. The TE score associated with prevalent CVD positively correlated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) 10-Year Risk Score, age, RDW, and negatively correlated with ALC. Patients with anisocytosis (RDW above 14%) or lymphopenia (ALC level under 1.2x109/L) had greater subsequent all-cause mortality, even after adjusting for age, TE score, and comorbidities. TE score, and to a modest degree RDW, were associated with subsequent liver-associated mortality, while TE score, RDW, and ALC were each independently associated with non-liver cause of death. Conclusion: Widely available mortality calculators generally require multiple pieces of clinical information. RDW and ALC, parameters collected on a single laboratory test that is commonly performed, prior to HCV therapy may be pragmatic markers of long-term risk of mortality.
Published: 2021

28. Balkan Vegetation Database (BVD) – updated information and current status

Author: Rossen Tzonev, Borislav Grigorov, Kalina Pachedzieva, Media Gumus, Koycho Koev, Georgi Gogushev, Plamen Glogov, Ivan Minkov, Veronika Kalníková, Mariyana Lyubenova, Rayna Natcheva, Alexandar Tashev, Alexandra Alexandrova, Chavdar Gussev, Nikolay Nikolov, Gana Gecheva, Tijana Ilić, Momchil Nazarov, Kiril Vassilev, Beloslava Genova, Antonina Vitkova, Petar Zhelev, Eva Filipova, Georgi Tinchev, Stephan M. Hennekens, Sofia Kostadinova, Hristo Pedashenko, Anna Gavrilova, Ermin Mašić, Marius Dimitrov, Stoyan Stoyanov, Steffen Boch, Anna Ganeva, Nadezhda Apostolova-Stoyanova, Senka Barudanović, Stoyan Georgiev, Georgi Georgiev, Vladimir Vulchev, Ina Aneva, Todor Karakiev, Ivaylo Nikolov, Illona Knolova, Armin Macanović, Assen Assenov, Nikolay Velev, Veselin V. Shivarov, and Katerina Mincheva
Subjects: lcsh:GE1-350, Vegetation, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Balkan vegetation, Vegetation classification, Balkan Peninsula, Balkan vegetation, conservation, TURBOVEG, vegetation plot, vegetation classification, Balkan Peninsula, Conservation, Vegetation plot, Geography, medicine, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, TURBOVEG, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Current (fluid), medicine.symptom, Vegetation (pathology), Cartography, Vegetatie, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract: The Balkan Vegetation Database (BVD; GIVD ID: EU-00-019) is a regional database, which was established in 2014. It comprises phytosociological relevés covering various vegetation types from nine countries of the Balkan Peninsula (Albania – 153 relevés, Bosnia and Herzegovina – 1715, Bulgaria – 12,282, Greece – 465, Croatia – 69, Kosovo – 493, Montenegro – 440, North Macedonia – 13 and Serbia – 2677). Currently, it contains 18,306 relevés (compared to 9.580 in 2016), and most of them (82.8%) are geo-referenced. The database includes both digitized relevés from the literature (65.6%) and unpublished data (34.5%). Plot size is available for 84.7% of all relevés. During the last four years some “header data information” was improved e.g. elevation (now available for 83.4% of all relevés), aspect (67.7%), slope (66%), total cover of vegetation (54.3%), cover of tree, shrub, herb, bryophyte and lichen layers (27.1%, 20.1%, 40.2%, 11.5% and 2.1%), respectively. Data access is either semi-restricted (65.6%) or restricted (34.4%). Most relevés (84.6%) are classified to syntaxa of different levels. The database has been used for numerous studies with various objectives from floristic, vegetation and habitat-related topics, to macroecological studies at the local, regional, national, continental and global levels. During the last four years, BVD data were requested from 111 different projects via the EVA and sPlot databases.
Published: 2020
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29. Effect of Original Peptide Derivatives of Galantamine on Passive Avoidance in Mice

Author: D. Tsekova, Ivanka I. Kostadinova, V. V. Rozhanets, Lyubomir T. Vezenkov, and Nikolai Danchev
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Scopolamine, Peptide, Pharmacology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Alzheimer Disease, Memory, Avoidance Learning, medicine, Galantamine, Animals, Learning, Memory impairment, chemistry.chemical_classification, Memory Disorders, Behavior, Animal, business.industry, General Medicine, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Passive avoidance, Peptides, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: The effect of original peptide derivatives of galantamine on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice was assessed using the passive avoidance test over 12 days. It was found that some galantamine derivatives administered in a dose of 1/20LD50 improved the memory in experimental mice, especially on days 5-12 of the experiment.
Published: 2020
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30. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C co-infections among people with HIV-1 in Bulgaria: 2010–2015

Author: Anna Gancheva, Mariyana Stoycheva, Marina Alexandrova, Tatiana Tcherveniakova, Nina Yancheva, Tencho Tenev, Ivaylo Elenkov, Ivailo Alexiev, Tsetsa Doychinova, Elitsa Golkocheva-Markova, Reneta Dimitrova, Lora Nikolova, Maria Nikolova, Lilia Pekova, Asya Kostadinova, Andon Timchev, and Dimitar Strashimirov
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, business.industry, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), virus diseases, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Virology, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Co infection
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among individuals with HIV/AIDS in Bulgaria diagnosed between 2010 and 2015. Materials & methods: A total of 1158 individuals were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS during the study period. Different transmission groups were tested with ELISA and real-time PCR for HBV and HCV markers. Results: Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antiboby were found in 9.3 and 23.2% of the tested. HBV DNA and HCV RNA has been found in 47.4 and 69.6%. Hepatitis B and C co-infections were predominant in multiple risk behavior groups, including people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, prisoners and Roma individuals. Conclusion: HIV prevalence in Bulgaria is low but the rates of hepatitis B and C co-infections among these patients fall within the upper range reported in Europe.
Published: 2019
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31. Mammary Adenocarcinoma with Widespread Metastasis in a Lion (Panthera Leo)

Author: Vesna Levajkovic Trajkov, Slavica Kostadinova Kunovska, Jordanco Milosevski, Monika Dovenska, Ivica Gjurovski, and Trpe Ristoski
Subjects: mammary gland, lion, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, lcsh:Veterinary medicine, General Veterinary, biology, 040301 veterinary sciences, business.industry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, carcinoma, Mammary adenocarcinoma, medicine.disease, Metastasis, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.animal, medicine, Carcinoma, lcsh:SF600-1100, Histopathology, Panthera, business
Abstract: A 15 year old female African lion ( Panthera leo ) was necropsied after its sudden death. The necropsy showed a mammary gland lesion measuring 10 cm in diameter and numerous white nodules with variable size in the liver, spleen, uterus, lungs and the heart. The histopathological examination showed that the neoplastic formation in the mammary region was a simple tubular carcinoma with metastases on the other organs. Upon immunohistochemical examination, the neoplastic cells expressed cytokeratins while the stroma of the tumour expressed vimentin. The proliferation index Ki-67 was moderate. Based on the macroscopic, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the neoplasia was diagnosed as a simple tubular mammary carcinoma.
Published: 2019
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32. A Rare Case of Soft Tissue Erdheim Chester Disease: Diagnostic Dilemma and Management

Author: Zlate Stojanoski, Slavica Kostadinova-Kunovska, Gordana Petrushevska, Borche Georgievski, Sanja Trajkova, Irina Panovska-Stavridis, M Ivanovski, Aleksandra Pivkova-Veljanovska, Angelika Karadzova-Stojanoska, and Rubens Jovanovic
Subjects: PET-CT, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, CD68, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, Soft tissue, Case Report, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Histiocytosis, BRAF mutation, Methylprednisolone, Erdheim–Chester disease, Skin biopsy, Diagnosis, medicine, Interferon, Radiology, business, Erdheim Chester Disease, Interferon alfa, medicine.drug
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Erdheim Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of non-Langerhans histiocytosis that still presents a diagnostic and clinical dilemma. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a rare case of ECD, young 31 male with atypical localisation and soft tissue presentation and no bone involvement. He started clinical investigations due to subcutaneous tumour mass in the lumbar spine that caused severe back pain. Skin biopsy revealed ECD with Immunohistochemistry CD68+, CD10+, CD11c+, vimentin+, S100A4+. Activating BRAFV600E mutation was positive from the tumour tissue. The patient was referred to the haematology department. PET CT was performed for initial disease staging. Treatment was started with corticosteroids (methylprednisolone 0.5 mg/kg per day), and after 7 days, a significant clinical improvement was noticed in terms of pain disappearance with no need for pain killers. After two weeks, treatment with interferon Alfa (IFN-α) was started in a dose of 3 million units 3 times per week. After 4 months of interim treatment PET, CT revealed a significant reduction of the tumour mass. Therapy with IFN-α was continued, and the patient is still clinically in good condition. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that shortening the time of diagnosis of ECD is essential in treatment outcome of this disease. Still, large studies have to confirm the best treatment of this rare condition.
Published: 2019

33. DISTRIBUTION OF EPSTEIN - BARR VIRUS AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE AND CHILDREN UP TO 1 YEAR IN THE VARNA REGION

Author: Gabriela Tsankova, Neli Ermenlieva, Tsvetelina Kostadinova, Zhivka Stoykova, Denitsa Tsaneva, and Liliya Ivanova
Subjects: lcsh:R5-920, business.industry, Distribution (economics), Reproductive age, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Epstein–Barr virus, lcsh:RK1-715, anti-VCA IgМ, lcsh:Dentistry, reproductive age, medicine, Epstein-Barr virus, lcsh:Medicine (General), business, General Dentistry, anti-VCA IgG, Demography
Abstract: Purpose: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is widespread in the human population and is the major cause of infectious mononucleosis. Also, the virus is associated with the development of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The evidence of its role in neonatal pathology is contradictory and not well known. The aim of this study is to evaluate the EBV serostatus of women of reproductive age in the Varna region (2010-2016) to determine the risk of intrauterine and early postnatal EBV infection. Materials/Methods: We analyzed the results of a total of 1126 women of reproductive age and 360 children up to 1 year tested for anti-VCA IgM (viral capsid antigen) and anti-VCA IgG. An indirect ELISA of Euroimmun – Germany was used. Results: The proportion of positive anti-VCA IgG women in the reproductive age (76.8%; 95% CI: 74.2 %-79.3%) correlates with that of children up to 6 months - 68.0% (95% CI: 62.1% -73.6%), Pearson's = 8.395, p = 0.004. Conclusion: We found high anti-VCA IgG seropositivity among women of reproductive age, which reduces the risk of infection during pregnancy and intrauterine infection of the fetus, respectively. The presence of seronegative women (around 6.0%) and of women with serological evidence of primary infection or reactivation (17%) assumes a group of babies at risk of early infection. Despite the little evidence of virus involvement in neonatal pathology, contamination should be considered and sought after excluding the most common infectious agents.
Published: 2019
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34. Interleukin-10-1082A/G polymorphism is associated with renal parenchymal damage in congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract

Author: Spaska Stanilova, Lyuba Miteva, and Emilya Stambolova Kostadinova
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Biopsy, Urinary system, DNA Mutational Analysis, 030232 urology & nephrology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Kidney, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Genotype, Parenchyma, Genetic predisposition, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, Child, Genotyping, Genetic Association Studies, Parenchymal Tissue, Vesico-Ureteral Reflux, business.industry, Infant, General Medicine, Interleukin-10, Interleukin 10, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, Nephrology, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Urogenital Abnormalities, Female, business
Abstract: AIM The aim of the study was to investigate whether the functional IL10-1082A/G polymorphism exert a role in congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in children. Also, the serum IL-10 and its association with genotype and renal parenchymal damage in CAKUT were explored. METHODS In the current case-control study, 134 paediatric cases of CAKUT and 382 unrelated controls were included. The genotyping of IL10-1082A/G polymorphism was performed by amplification refractory mutation system-PCR and IL-10 serum level was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Although, the genotype and allelic frequencies of IL10-1082 A/G polymorphism in cases and controls were similar (χ2 = 0.459; P = 0.79 and χ2 = 0.426; P = 0.51, respectively), significant different genotype distribution between patients with or without parenchymal damage/reduction was observed (χ2 = 6.9; P = 0.032). The GG-genotype was more frequent in cases with renal parenchymal damage/reduction compared to patients with preserved parenchyma (22% vs. 9%; OR = 2.987; 95% CI = 0.979-9.468; P = 0.031). On the contrary, the heterozygous genotype was less frequent among cases with parenchymal damage/reduction compared to cases with preserved parenchyma (39% vs. 59%; OR = 0.453; 95% CI = 0.214-0.958; P = 0.024). Additionally, the serum IL-10 was significantly higher in CAKUT patients compared to age-sex-matched controls (median 11.98; IQR: 7.14-31.6 vs. 5.92; IQR: 4.68-14.8; P = 0.0057). Among carriers of GG-genotype significantly higher IL-10 level was detected in cases with parenchymal damage/reduction, than cases with preserved parenchyma (P = 0.028). CONCLUSION Our results suggested that the functional -1082A/G polymorphism in IL10 is associated with risk of renal parenchymal damage/reduction rather than genetic predisposition to CAKUT. Additionally, our study supposes that immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 might have a significant role in CAKUT.
Published: 2019
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35. ANALYSIS OF INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS CLINICAL CASES IN VARNA REGION (2010-2016)

Author: Tatina T. Todorova, Denitsa Tsaneva, Liliya Ivanova, Zhivka Stoykova, and Tsvetelina Kostadinova
Subjects: lcsh:R5-920, Mononucleosis, business.industry, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Virology, Epstein–Barr virus, lcsh:RK1-715, anti-VCA IgM/IgG, lcsh:Dentistry, medicine, Epstein-Barr virus, ELISA, Infectious mononucleosis, lcsh:Medicine (General), business, General Dentistry
Abstract: Purpose: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an acute and self-limiting lymphoproliferative disease, and according to literature data in 90% of cases is associated with primary Epstein-Barr (EBV) viral infection. However, the mononucleosis-like syndrome is also caused by a number of other pathogens such as HHV-6, CMV, HIV, adenoviruses, etc., which makes the laboratory diagnosis necessary to identify the etiology of the disease. We compared clinical with serological IM data and defined serological profiles requiring further laboratory investigation. Materials/ Methods: We investigated 746 patients with clinical symptoms for IM who had been tested in a virological laboratory at the „St.Marina“ University Hospital in the period 2010-2016, 57.6% (95% CI: 54.0% -61.2%, n = 430) were men. The average age of the subjects was 9.56 years (SD ± 8.26), lower in the boys. We used an indirect ELISA to detect anti-VCA IgM/IgG (Euroimmun, Germany). Conclusion: The serological markers used in our laboratories (anti-VCA IgM/IgG) in combination with symptoms and other laboratory results are in most cases sufficient to confirm primary EBV infection, but there are cases where additional studies are needed to accurately determine the stage of the infection. Serological profiles requiring ongoing studies are the isolated anti-VCA IgM and anti-VCA IgG models.
Published: 2019
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36. Novel composite biosorbent from Bacillus cereus for heavy metals removal from aqueous solutions

Author: Sonia Kostadinova, Gergana Kirova, Zdravka Velkova, Kostadinka Todorova, Margarita Stoytcheva, and Velizar Gochev
Subjects: Aqueous solution, biology, Chemistry, lcsh:Biotechnology, fungi, Composite number, bacillus cereus, Bacillus cereus, Biosorption, Biomass, Heavy metals, immobilized biosorbents, biology.organism_classification, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Bentonite, medicine, bacteria, heavy metals, Biotechnology, Activated carbon, medicine.drug, Nuclear chemistry, biosorption
Abstract: Waste biomass from Bacillus cereus immobilized in sodium alginate and co-immobilized with activated carbon or with bentonite into alginate gel was studied for Pb(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) removal from aqueous solutions. The composite biosorbent consisting of waste B. cereus biomass co-immobilized with activated carbon into alginate beads was selected as the most prospective for heavy metals removal. Immobilization increased both the removal capacity and the mechanical strength of the biosorbent. Major process parameters were optimized and maximum removal efficiency of 92.13% was reached for Pb(II) ions at pH 5.0, biosorbent dosage 2 g/L, temperature 25 °C, agitation speed 120 rpm for 120 min.
Published: 2019

37. Reduction of cardiac imaging tests during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Italy. Findings from the IAEA Non-invasive Cardiology Protocol Survey on COVID-19 (INCAPS COVID)

Author: Dondi, M., Milan, E., Pontone, G., Hirschfeld, C. B., Williams, M., Shaw, L. J., Pynda, Y., Raggi, P., Cerci, R., Vitola, J., Better, N., Villines, T. C., Dorbala, S., Pascual, T. N. B., Giubbini, R., Einstein, A. J., Paez, D., Italy: Domenico Albano, Pierpaolo, Alongi, Gaspare, Arnone, Elisa, Bagatin, Sergio, Baldari, Matteo, Bauckneht, Paolo, Bertelli, Francesco, Bianco, Rachele, Bonfiglioli, Roberto, Boni, Andrea, Bruno, Isabella, Bruno, Elena, Busnardo, Elena, Califaretti, Luca, Camoni, Aldo, Carnevale, Roberta, Casoni, Armando Ugo Cavallo, Giorgio, Cavenaghi, Franca, Chierichetti, Marcello, Chiocchi, Corrado, Cittanti, Mauro, Colletta, Umberto, Conti, Alberto, Cossu, Alberto, Cuocolo, Marco, Cuzzocrea, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Giuseppe De Vincentis, Eleonora Del Giudice, Alberico Del Torto, Veronica Della Tommasina, Rexhep, Durmo, Paola Anna Erba, Laura, Evangelista, Riccardo, Faletti, Evelina, Faragasso, Mohsen, Farsad, Paola, Ferro, Luigia, Florimonte, Viviana, Frantellizzi, Fabio Massimo Fringuelli, Marco, Gatti, Angela, Gaudiano, Alessia, Gimelli, Raffaele, Giubbini, Francesca, Giuffrida, Salvatore, Ialuna, Riccardo, Laudicella, Lucia, Leccisotti, Lucia, Leva, Liga, Riccardo, Carlo, Liguori, Giampiero, Longo, Margherita, Maffione, Maria Elisabetta Mancini, Claudio, Marcassa, Elisa, Milan, Barbara, Nardi, Sara, Pacella, Giovanna, Pepe, Gianluca, Pontone, Sabina, Pulizzi, Natale, Quartuccio, Lucia, Rampin, Fabrizio, Ricci, Pierluigi, Rossini, Giuseppe, Rubini, Vincenzo, Russo, Gian Mauro Sacchetti, Gianmario, Sambuceti, Massimo, Scarano, Roberto, Sciagrà, Massimiliano, Sperandio, Antonella, Stefanelli, Guido, Ventroni, Stefania Zoboli Members from Rest of the World (alphabetically by country and last name) Afghanistan: Mohammad Nawaz Nasery Albania: Artan Goda, Ervina Shirka Algeria: Rabie Benlabgaa, Salah, Bouyoucef, Abdelkader, Medjahedi, Qais Nailli Argentina: Mariela Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo, Arroñada, Andrea, Astesiano, Alfredo, Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo, Benteo, Juan, Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul, Cabrejas, Jorge, Cachero, Roxana, Campisi, Alejandro, Canderoli, Silvia, Carames, Patrícia, Carrascosa, Ricardo, Castro, Oscar, Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos, Collaud, Claudia, Cortes, Javier, Courtis, Daniel, Cragnolino, Mariana, Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando, Dettori, Alejandro, Deviggiano, Laura, Dragonetti, Mario, Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge, Ensinas, Fernando, Faccio, Adolfo, Facello, Diego, Garofalo, Ricardo, Geronazzo, Natalia, Gonza, Lucas, Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor, Hasbani, Melina, Huerin, Victor, Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves, A López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra, Marquez, Osvaldo, Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio Masoli, Edgardo, Mastrovito, Matias, Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal, Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana, Molteni, Marcos, Montecinos, Eduardo, Noguera, Carlos, Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo, Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro, Radzinschi, Gustavo, Raimondi, Marcela, Redruello, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico, Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia, Solari, Bruno, Strada, Sonia, Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan, Wolcan, Susana Zeffiro Armenia: Mari Sakanyan Australia: Scott Beuzeville, Raef, Boktor, Patrick, Butler, Jennifer, Calcott, Loretta, Carr, Virgil, Chan, Charles, Chao, Woon, Chong, Mark, Dobson, D'Arne, Downie, Girish, Dwivedi, Barry, Elison, Jean, Engela, Roslyn, Francis, Anand, Gaikwad, Ashok Gangasandra Basavaraj, Bruce, Goodwin, Robert, Greenough, Christian, Hamilton-Craig, Victar, Hsieh, Subodh, Joshi, Karin, Lederer, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Lee, John, Magnussen, Nghi, Mai, Gordon, Mander, Fiona, Murton, Dee, Nandurkar, Johanne, Neill, Edward, O'Rourke, Patricia, O'Sullivan, George, Pandos, Kunthi, Pathmaraj, Alexander, Pitman, Rohan, Poulter, Manuja, Premaratne, David, Prior, Lloyd, Ridley, Natalie, Rutherford, Hamid, Salehi, Connor, Saunders, Luke, Scarlett, Sujith, Seneviratne, Deepa, Shetty, Ganesh, Shrestha, Jonathan, Shulman, Vijay, Solanki, Tony, Stanton, Murch, Stuart, Michael, Stubbs, Ian, Swainson, Kim, Taubman, Andrew, Taylor, Paul, Thomas, Steven, Unger, Anthony, Upton, Shankar, Vamadevan, William Van Gaal, Johan, Verjans, Demetrius, Voutnis, Victor, Wayne, Peter, Wilson, David, Wong, Kirby, Wong, John Younger Austria: Gudrun Feuchtner, Siroos, Mirzaei, Konrad Weiss Belarus: Natallia Maroz-Vadalazhskaya Belgium: Olivier Gheysens, Filip, Homans, Rodrigo, Moreno-Reyes, Agnès, Pasquet, Veronique, Roelants, Van De Heyning Bolivia: Raúl Araujo Ríos Bosnia - Herzegovina: Valentina Soldat-Stankovic, Caroline M., Sinisa Stankovic Brazil: Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto, Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana, Andrade, Carlos, Anselmi, Roberta, Araújo, Guilherme, Azevedo, Sabbrina, Bezerra, Rodrigo, Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone, Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara, Carreira, Bruno, Castro, Tien, Chang, Fernando Cunali, Jr., Roberto, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda, Erthal, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno, Ghini, Luiz, Goncalves, Ilan, Gottlieb, Marcelo, Hadlich, Vinícius, Kameoka, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado, e Silva, Tiago, Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio, Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania, Naue, Danilo, Naves, Roberto, Nolasco, Cesar, Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo, Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim, Pinto, Priscila, Possetti, Mayra, Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo, Rocha, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Rodrigues, Leila, Romantini, Adelina, Sanches, Sara, Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo, Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago, Senra, Afonso, Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano, Siqueira, Paola, Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo, Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge, Torreao, Rafael, Torres, Marly, Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia, Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto, Waltrick, Marcello Zapparoli Brunei Darussalam: Hamid Naseer Bulgaria: Marina Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena Kostadinova Cambodia: Youdaline Theng Canada: Gad Abikhzer, Rene, Barette, Benjamin, Chow, Dominique, Dabreo, Matthias, Friedrich, Ria, Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris, Johnson, Marla, Kiess, Jonathon, Leipsic, Eugene, Leung, Robert, Miller, Anastasia, Oikonomou, Stephan, Probst, Idan, Roifman, Gary, Small, Vikas, Tandon, Adwait, Trivedi, James, White, Katherine Zukotynski Chile: Jose Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen, Concha, Pablo, Hidalgo, Cesar, Lovera, Teresa, Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas Colombia: Pedro Abad, Harold, Arturo, Sandra, Ayala, Luis, Benitez, Alberto, Cadena, Carlos, Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon, Gomez, Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia T., Claudia, Jaimes, Juan, Londoño, Juan Luis Londoño Blair, Luz, Pabon, Mauricio, Pineda, Juan Carlos Rojas, Diego, Ruiz, Manuel Valencia Escobar, Andres, Vasquez, Damiana, Vergel, Alejandro Zuluaga Costa Rica: Isabel Berrocal Gamboa, Gabriel, Castro, Ulises, González, Croatia: Ana Baric, Tonci, Batinic, Maja, Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Mladen, Jukic, Petar, Medakovic, Viktor, Persic, Marina, Prpic, Ante Punda Cuba: Juan Felipe Batista, Juan Manuel Gómez Lauchy, Yamile Marcos Gutierrez, Rayner, Menéndez, Amalia, Peix, Luis Rochela Cyprus: Christoforos Panagidis, Ioannis Petrou Czech Republic: Vaclav Engelmann, Milan, Kaminek, Vladimír, Kincl, Otto, Lang, Milan Simanek Denmark: Jawdat Abdulla, Morten, Bøttcher, Mette, Christensen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Philip, Hasbak, Søren, Hess, Paw, Holdgaard, Allan, Johansen, Kasper, Kyhl, Bjarne Linde Norgaard, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Rolf, Steffensen, Anders, Thomassen, Bo Zerahn Dominican Republic: Alfredo Perez Ecuador: Giovanni Alejandro Escorza Velez, Mayra Sanchez Velez Egypt: Islam Shawky Abdel Aziz, Mahasen, Abougabal, Taghreed, Ahmed, Adel, Allam, Ahmed, Asfour, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Hassan, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Sameh, Kaffas, Ahmed, Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Ahmad, Mansy, Hany, Maurice, Sherif, Nabil, Mahmoud Shaaban El Salvador: Ana Camila Flores Estonia: Anne Poksi Finland: Juhani Knuuti, Velipekka, Kokkonen, Martti, Larikka, Valtteri Uusitalo France: Matthieu Bailly, Samuel, Burg, Jean-François, Deux, Vincent, Habouzit, Fabien, Hyafil, Olivier, Lairez, Franck, Proffit, Hamza, Regaieg, Laure, Sarda-Mantel, Schneider Ghana: Harold Ayetey Greece: George Angelidis, Vania Tacher Germany: Roman P., Aikaterini, Archontaki, Sofia, Chatziioannou, Ioannis, Datseris, Christina, Fragkaki, Panagiotis, Georgoulias, Sophia, Koukouraki, Maria, Koutelou, Eleni, Kyrozi, Evangelos, Repasos, Petros, Stavrou, Pipitsa Valsamaki Guatemala: Carla Gonzalez, Goleat Gutierrez Honduras: Alejandro Maldonado Hungary: Klara Buga, Ildiko, Garai, Pál, Maurovich-Horvat, Erzsébet, Schmidt, Balint, Szilveszter, Edit Várady India: Nilesh Banthia, Jinendra Kumar Bhagat, Rishi, Bhargava, Vivek, Bhat, Mona, Bhatia, Partha, Choudhury, Vijay Sai Chowdekar, Aparna, Irodi, Shashank, Jain, Elizabeth, Joseph, Sukriti, Kumar, Prof Dr Girijanandan Mahapatra, Deepanjan, Mitra, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Ahmad, Ozair, Chetan, Patel, Tapan, Patel, Ravi, Patel, Shivani, Patel, Sudhir, Saxena, Shantanu, Sengupta, Santosh, Singh, Bhanupriya, Singh, Ashwani, Sood, Atul Verma Indonesia: Erwin Affandi, Padma Savenadia Alam, Edison, Edison, Gani, Gunawan, Habusari, Hapkido, Basuki, Hidayat, Aulia, Huda, Anggoro Praja Mukti, Djoko, Prawiro, Erwin Affandi Soeriadi, Hilman Syawaluddin Iraq: Amjed Albadr Islamic Republic of Iran: Majid Assadi, Farshad, Emami, Golnaz, Houshmand, Majid, Maleki, Maryam Tajik Rostami, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi Israel: Eed Abu Zaid, Svetlana, Agranovich, Yoav, Arnson, Rachel, Bar-Shalom, Alex, Frenkel, Galit, Knafo, Rachel, Lugassi, Israel Shlomo Maor Moalem, Maya, Mor, Noam, Muskal, Sara, Ranser, Aryeh Shalev Jamaica: Dainia Baugh, Duane, Chambers, Ernest, Madu, Felix Nunura Japan: Hiroshi Asano, Chimura Misato Chimura, Shinichiro, Fujimoto, Koichiro, Fujisue, Tomohisa, Fukunaga, Yoshimitsu, Fukushima, Kae, Fukuyama, Jun, Hashimoto, Yasutaka, Ichikawa, Nobuo, Iguchi, Masamichi, Imai, Anri, Inaki, Hayato, Ishimura, Satoshi, Isobe, Toshiaki, Kadokami, Takao, Kato, Takashi, Kudo, Shinichiro, Kumita, Hirotaka, Maruno, Hiroyuki, Mataki, Masao, Miyagawa, Ryota, Morimoto, Masao, Moroi, Shigeki, Nagamachi, Kenichi, Nakajima, Tomoaki, Nakata, Ryo, Nakazato, Mamoru, Nanasato, Masanao, Naya, Takashi, Norikane, Yasutoshi, Ohta, Satoshi, Okayama, Atsutaka, Okizaki, Yoichi, Otomi, Hideki, Otsuka, Masaki, Saito, Sakata Yasushi Sakata, Masayoshi, Sarai, Daisuke, Sato, Shinya, Shiraishi, Yoshinobu, Suwa, Kentaro, Takanami, Kazuya, Takehana, Junichi, Taki, Nagara, Tamaki, Yasuyo, Taniguchi, Hiroki, Teragawa, Nobuo, Tomizawa, Kenichi, Tsujita, Kyoko, Umeji, Yasushi, Wakabayashi, Shinichiro, Yamada, Shinya, Yamazaki, Tatsuya Yoneyama Jordan: Mohammad Rawashdeh Kazakhstan: Daultai Batyrkhanov, Tairkhan Dautov Kenya: Khalid Makhdomi, Kevin Ombati Kuwait: Faridah Alkandari, Masoud Garashi Lao People's Democratic Republic: Tchoyoson Lim Coie, Sonexay Rajvong Latvia: Artem Kalinin, Marika Kalnina Lebanon: Mohamad Haidar Lithuania: Renata Komiagiene, Giedre, Kviecinskiene, Mindaugas, Mataciunas, Karim Malta: Luise Reichmuth, Donatas Vajauskas Luxembourg: Christian Picard Malaysia: Noor Khairiah A., Anthony Samuel Mauritius: Mohammad Aaftaab Allarakha, Ambedhkar Shantaram Naojee Mexico: Erick Alexanderson-Rosas, Erika, Barragan, Alejandro Becerril González-Montecinos, Manuel, Cabada, Daniel Calderon Rodriguez, Isabel, Carvajal-Juarez, Violeta, Cortés, Filiberto, Cortés, Erasmo De La Peña, Manlio, Gama-Moreno, Luis, González, Nelsy Gonzalez Ramírez, Moisés, Jiménez-Santos, Luis, Matos, Edgar, Monroy, Martha, Morelos, Mario, Ornelas, Jose Alberto Ortga Ramirez, Andrés, Preciado-Anaya, Óscar Ulises Preciado-Gutiérrez, Adriana Puente Barragan, Sandra Graciela Rosales Uvera, Sigelinda, Sandoval, Miguel Santaularia Tomas, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Silvia, Siu, Enrique, Vallejo, Mario Valles Monaco: Marc Faraggi Mongolia: Erdenechimeg Sereegotov Montenegro: Srdja Ilic Morocco: Nozha Ben-Rais, Nadia Ismaili Alaoui, Sara Taleb Myanmar: Khin Pa Pa Myo, Phyo Si Thu Nepal: Ram Kumar Ghimire, Bijoy Rajbanshi Netherlands: Peter Barneveld, Andor, Glaudemans, Jesse, Habets, Klaas Pieter Koopmans, Jeroen, Manders, Stefan, Pool, Arthur, Scholte, Asbjørn, Scholtens, Riemer, Slart, Paul, Thimister, Erik-Jan Van Asperen, Niels, Veltman, Derk, Verschure, Nils Wagenaar New Zealand: John Edmond, Chris, Ellis, Kerryanne, Johnson, Ross, Keenan, Shaw Hua (Anthony) Kueh, Christopher, Occleshaw, Alexander, Sasse, Andrew, To, Niels Van Pelt, Calum Young Nicaragua: Teresa Cuadra, Hector Bladimir Roque Vanegas Niger: Idrissa Adamou Soli, Djibrillou Moussa Issoufou Nigeria: Tolulope Ayodele, Chibuzo, Madu, Yetunde Onimode Norway: Elen Efros-Monsen, Signe Helene Forsdahl, Jenni-Mari Hildre Dimmen, Arve, Jørgensen, Isabel, Krohn, Pål, Løvhaugen, Anders Tjellaug Bråten Oman: Humoud Al Dhuhli, Faiza Al Kindi, Naeema, Al-Bulushi, Zabah, Jawa, Naima Tag Pakistan: Muhammad Shehzad Afzal, Shazia, Fatima, Muhammad Numair Younis, Musab, Riaz, Mohammad Saadullah Panama: Yariela Herrera Papua New Guinea: Dora Lenturut-Katal Paraguay: Manuel Castillo Vázquez, José Ortellado People's Republic of Bangladesh: Afroza Akhter People's Republic of China: Dianbo Cao, Stephen, Cheung, Dai, Xu, Lianggeng, Gong, Dan, Han, Yang, Hou, Caiying, Li, Tao, Li, Dong, Li, Sijin, Li, Jinkang, Liu, Hui, Liu, Bin, Lu, Ming Yen Ng, Kai, Sun, Gongshun, Tang, Jian, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhao-Qian, Wang, Yining, Wang, Yifan, Wang, Jiang, Wu, Zhifang, Wu, Liming, Xia, Jiangxi, Xiao, Lei, Xu, Youyou, Yang, Yin, Wu, Jianqun, Yu, Yuan, Li, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Zhang, Yong-Gao, Zhang, Xiaoli, Zhang, Li Zhu Peru: Ana Alfaro Philippines: Paz Abrihan, Asela, Barroso, Eric, Cruz, Marie Rhiamar Gomez, Vincent Peter Magboo, John Michael Medina, Jerry, Obaldo, Davidson, Pastrana, Christian Michael Pawhay, Alvin, Quinon, Jeanelle Margareth Tang, Bettina, Tecson, Kristine Joy Uson, Mila Uy Poland: Magdalena Kostkiewicz, Jolanta Kunikowska Portugal: Nuno Bettencourt, Guilhermina, Cantinho, Antonio Ferreira Qatar: Ghulam Syed Republic of Ireland: Samer Arnous, Said, Atyani, Angela, Byrne, Tadhg, Gleeson, David, Kerins, Conor, Meehan, David, Murphy, Mark, Murphy, John, Murray, Julie O'Brien Republic of Korea: Ji-In Bang, Henry, Bom, Sang-Geon, Cho, Chae Moon Hong, Su Jin Jang, Yong Hyu Jeong, Won Jun Kang, Ji-Young, Kim, Jaetae, Lee, Chang Kyeong Namgung, Young, So, Kyoung Sook Won Republic of North Macedonia: Venjamin Majstorov, Marija Vavlukis Republic of Slovenia: Barbara Gužic Salobir, Monika Štalc Romania: Theodora Benedek, Imre, Benedek, Raluca, Mititelu, Claudiu Adrian Stan Russian Federation: Alexey Ansheles, Olga, Dariy, Olga, Drozdova, Nina, Gagarina, Vsevolod Milyevich Gulyaev, Irina, Itskovich, Anatoly, Karalkin, Alexander, Kokov, Ekaterina, Migunova, Viktor, Pospelov, Daria, Ryzhkova, Guzaliya, Saifullina, Svetlana, Sazonova, Vladimir, Sergienko, Irina, Shurupova, Tatjana, Trifonova, Wladimir Yurievich Ussov, Margarita, Vakhromeeva, Nailya, Valiullina, Konstantin, Zavadovsky, Kirill Zhuravlev Saudi Arabia: Mirvat Alasnag, Subhani Okarvi Serbia: Dragana Sobic Saranovic Singapore: Felix Keng, Jia Hao Jason See, Ramkumar, Sekar, Min Sen Yew Slovak Republic: Andrej Vondrak South Africa: Shereen Bejai, George, Bennie, Ria, Bester, Gerrit, Engelbrecht, Osayande, Evbuomwan, Harlem, Gongxeka, Magritha Jv Vuuren, Mitchell, Kaplan, Purbhoo, Khushica, Hoosen, Lakhi, Lizette, Louw, Nico, Malan, Katarina, Milos, Moshe, Modiselle, Stuart, More, Mathava, Naidoo, Leonie, Scholtz, Mboyo Vangu Spain: Santiago Aguadé-Bruix, Isabel, Blanco, Antonio, Cabrera, Alicia, Camarero, Irene, Casáns-Tormo, Hug, Cuellar-Calabria, Albert, Flotats, Maria Eugenia Fuentes Cañamero, María Elia García, Amelia, Jimenez-Heffernan, Rubén, Leta, Javier Lopez Diaz, Luis, Lumbreras, Juan Javier Marquez-Cabeza, Francisco, Martin, Anxo Martinez de Alegria, Francisco, Medina, Maria Pedrera Canal, Virginia, Peiro, Virginia, Pubul-Nuñez, Juan Ignacio Rayo Madrid, Cristina Rodríguez Rey, Ricardo Ruano Perez, Joaquín, Ruiz, Gertrudis Sabatel Hernández, Ana, Sevilla, Nahla Zeidán Sri Lanka: Damayanthi Nanayakkara, Chandraguptha Udugama Sweden: Magnus Simonsson Switzerland: Hatem Alkadhi, Ronny Ralf Buechel, Peter, Burger, Luca, Ceriani, Bart De Boeck, Christoph, Gräni, Alix Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Kamani, Christel H., Nadine, Kawel-Boehm, Robert, Manka, Prior, John O., Axel, Rominger, Jean-Paul Vallée Thailand: Benjapa Khiewvan, Teerapon, Premprabha, Tanyaluck Thientunyakit Tunisia: Ali Sellem Turkey: Kemal Metin Kir, Haluk Sayman Uganda: Mugisha Julius Sebikali, Zerida Muyinda Ukraine: Yaroslav Kmetyuk, Pavlo, Korol, Olena, Mykhalchenko, Volodymyr, Pliatsek, Maryna Satyr United Arab Emirates: Batool Albalooshi, Mohamed Ismail Ahmed Hassan United Kingdom: Jill Anderson, Punit, Bedi, Thomas, Biggans, Anda, Bularga, Russell, Bull, Rajesh, Burgul, John-Paul, Carpenter, Duncan, Coles, David, Cusack, Aparna, Deshpande, John, Dougan, Timothy, Fairbairn, Alexia, Farrugia, Deepa, Gopalan, Alistair, Gummow, Prasad Guntur Ramkumar, Mark, Hamilton, Mark, Harbinson, Thomas, Hartley, Benjamin, Hudson, Nikhil, Joshi, Michael, Kay, Andrew, Kelion, Azhar, Khokhar, Jamie, Kitt, Ken, Lee, Chen, Low, Sze Mun Mak, Ntouskou, Marousa, Jon, Martin, Elisa, Mcalindon, Leon, Menezes, Gareth, Morgan-Hughes, Alastair, Moss, Anthony, Murray, Edward, Nicol, Dilip, Patel, Charles, Peebles, Francesca, Pugliese, Jonathan Carl Luis Rodrigues, Christopher, Rofe, Nikant, Sabharwal, Rebecca, Schofield, Thomas, Semple, Naveen, Sharma, Peter, Strouhal, Deepak, Subedi, William, Topping, Katharine, Tweed, Jonathan Weir-Mccall United States of America: Suhny Abbara, Taimur, Abbasi, Brian, Abbott, Shady, Abohashem, Sandra, Abramson, Tarek, Al-Abboud, Mouaz, Al-Mallah, Omar, Almousalli, Karthikeyan, Ananthasubramaniam, Mohan Ashok Kumar, Jeffrey, Askew, Lea, Attanasio, Mallory, Balmer-Swain, Bayer, Richard R., Adam, Bernheim, Sabha, Bhatti, Erik, Bieging, Ron, Blankstein, Stephen, Bloom, Sean, Blue, David, Bluemke, Andressa, Borges, Kelley, Branch, Paco, Bravo, Jessica, Brothers, Matthew, Budoff, Renée, Bullock-Palmer, Angela, Burandt, Burke, Floyd W., Kelvin, Bush, Candace, Candela, Elizabeth, Capasso, Joao, Cavalcante, Donald, Chang, Saurav, Chatterjee, Yiannis, Chatzizisis, Michael, Cheezum, Tiffany, Chen, Jennifer, Chen, Marcus, Chen, Andrew, Choi, James, Clarcq, Ayreen, Cordero, Matthew, Crim, Sorin, Danciu, Bruce, Decter, Nimish, Dhruva, Neil, Doherty, Rami, Doukky, Anjori, Dunbar, William, Duvall, Rachael, Edwards, Kerry, Esquitin, Husam, Farah, Emilio, Fentanes, Maros, Ferencik, Daniel, Fisher, Daniel, Fitzpatrick, Cameron, Foster, Tony, Fuisz, Michael, Gannon, Lori, Gastner, Myron, Gerson, Brian, Ghoshhajra, Alan, Goldberg, Brian, Goldner, Jorge, Gonzalez, Rosco, Gore, Sandra, Gracia-López, Fadi, Hage, Agha, Haider, Sofia, Haider, Yasmin, Hamirani, Karen, Hassen, Mallory, Hatfield, Carolyn, Hawkins, Katie, Hawthorne, Nicholas, Heath, Robert, Hendel, Phillip, Hernandez, Gregory, Hill, Stephen, Horgan, Jeff, Huffman, Lynne, Hurwitz, Ami, Iskandrian, Rajesh, Janardhanan, Christine, Jellis, Scott, Jerome, Dinesh, Kalra, Summanther, Kaviratne, Fernando, Kay, Faith, Kelly, Omar, Khalique, Mona, Kinkhabwala, George Kinzfogl Iii, Jacqueline, Kircher, Rachael, Kirkbride, Michael, Kontos, Anupama, Kottam, Joseph, Krepp, Jay, Layer, Steven, H Lee, Jeffrey, Leppo, John, Lesser, Steve, Leung, Howard, Lewin, Diana, Litmanovich, Yiyan, Liu, Juan, Lopez-Mattei, Kathleen, Magurany, Jeremy, Markowitz, Amanda, Marn, Stephen, E Matis, Michael, Mckenna, Tony, Mcrae, Fernando, Mendoza, Michael, Merhige, David, Min, Chanan, Moffitt, Karen, Moncher, Warren, Moore, Shamil, Morayati, Michael, Morris, Mahmud, Mossa-Basha, Zorana, Mrsic, Venkatesh, Murthy, Prashant, Nagpal, Kyle, Napier, Jagat, Narula, Katarina, Nelson, Prabhjot, Nijjar, Medhat, Osman, Purvi, Parwani, Edward, Passen, Amit, Patel, Pravin, Patil, Ryan, Paul, Lawrence, Phillips, Venkateshwar, Polsani, Rajaram, Poludasu, Brian, Pomerantz, Thomas, Porter, Ryan, Prentice, Amit, Pursnani, Mark, Rabbat, Suresh, Ramamurti, Florence, Rich, Hiram Rivera Luna, Austin, Robinson, Kim, Robles, Cesar, Rodríguez, Mark, Rorie, John, Rumberger, Raymond, Russell, Philip, Sabra, Diego, Sadler, Mary, Schemmer, Joseph Schoepf, U., Samir, Shah, Nishant, Shah, Sujata, Shanbhag, Gaurav, Sharma, Steven, Shayani, Jamshid, Shirani, Pushpa, Shivaram, Steven, Sigman, Mitch, Simon, Ahmad, Slim, David, Smith, Alexandra, Smith, Prem, Soman, Aditya, Sood, Monvadi Barbara Srichai-Parsia, James, Streeter, Albert, T, Ahmed, Tawakol, Dustin, Thomas, Randall, Thompson, Tara, Torbet, Desiree, Trinidad, Shawn, Ullery, Samuel, Unzek, Seth, Uretsky, Srikanth, Vallurupalli, Vikas, Verma, Alfonso, Waller, Ellen, Wang, Parker, Ward, Gaby, Weissman, George, Wesbey, Kelly, White, David, Winchester, David, Wolinsky, Sandra, Yost, Michael Zgaljardic Uruguay: Omar Alonso, Mario, Beretta, Rodolfo, Ferrando, Miguel, Kapitan, Fernando Mut Uzbekistan: Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva Vietnam: Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, and Xuan Canh Nguyen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cardiology, Settore MED/11 - Malattie dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare, COVID-19, Cardiac imaging, Cardiovascular disease, Article, cardiac imaging, Healthcare delivery, cardiovascular disease, Intensive care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health care, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, Pandemics, Protocol (science), business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Non invasive, Italy, humans, pandemics, surveys and questionnaires, cardiology, Emergency medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Background: In early 2020, COVID-19 massively hit Italy, earlier and harder than any other European country. This caused a series of strict containment measures, aimed at blocking the spread of the pandemic. Healthcare delivery was also affected when resources were diverted towards care of COVID-19 patients, including intensive care wards. Aim of the study: The aim is assessing the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac imaging in Italy, compare to the Rest of Europe (RoE) and the World (RoW). Methods: A global survey was conducted in May–June 2020 worldwide, through a questionnaire distributed online. The survey covered three periods: March and April 2020, and March 2019. Data from 52 Italian centres, a subset of the 909 participating centres from 108 countries, were analyzed. Results: In Italy, volumes decreased by 67% in March 2020, compared to March 2019, as opposed to a significantly lower decrease (p < 0.001) in RoE and RoW (41% and 40%, respectively). A further decrease from March 2020 to April 2020 summed up to 76% for the North, 77% for the Centre and 86% for the South. When compared to the RoE and RoW, this further decrease from March 2020 to April 2020 in Italy was significantly less (p = 0.005), most likely reflecting the earlier effects of the containment measures in Italy, taken earlier than anywhere else in the West. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic massively hit Italy and caused a disruption of healthcare services, including cardiac imaging studies. This raises concern about the medium- and long-term consequences for the high number of patients who were denied timely diagnoses and the subsequent lifesaving therapies and procedures.
Published: 2021
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38. Signet ring cell carcinoma of rectum metastasizing to synchronous renal cell carcinoma: a case report

Author: Blagica Krsteska, Boro Ilievski, Aleksandar Eftimov, Slavica Kostadinova-Kunovska, Bujar Osmani, Rubens Jovanovic, and Dragan Hadzi-Mancev
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Tumor to tumor metastasis, Colorectal cancer, lcsh:Medicine, Rectum, Malignancy, Metastasis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Signet ring cell carcinoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Case report, medicine, Humans, Carcinoma, Renal Cell, Aged, Rectal Neoplasms, Signet ring cell, business.industry, lcsh:R, Cancer, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Kidney Neoplasms, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Rectal, business, Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell
Abstract: Background Rectal signet ring cell carcinoma is a rare type of colorectal adenocarcinoma characterized by an aggressive biological behavior and poor prognosis. The co-occurrence of colorectal carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has found in many hundreds of patients, many of whom also have additional malignancies. Cancer to cancer metastasis is rare and an uncommon phenomenon in malignancy, especially at the time of initial diagnosis, suggesting a genetic susceptibility. Case presentation We present the case of a 66-year-old Macedonian man with synchronous rectal signet ring cell carcinoma and RCC with tumor to tumor metastasis feature. He underwent a left nephrectomy and anterior rectal resection after complaining of constipation for 3–4 months and the appearance of synchronous tumors on the imaging studies. Morphology and immunohistochemical analysis of specimens from the RCC revealed signet ring cells identical to the rectal signet ring cell carcinoma. The next-generation sequencing study revealed mutations in TP53 and ERBB2, and microsatellite stable signet ring cell carcinoma was determined by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing. Conclusions Cancer to cancer metastasis, although rare, needs to be considered in synchronous tumors. RCC, when diagnosed in multiple synchronous tumors, should be examined carefully. The paucity of reported cases indicates the need for advanced research in imaging methods for metastasis and new therapeutic approaches.
Published: 2021
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39. Biochemical Studies on a Novel Potent Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor with Dualsite Binding for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Author: Irena Philipova, Ivanka I. Kostadinova, Vessela Vitcheva, Rumiana Simeonova, Irini Doytchinova, Nikolai Danchev, Georgi Stavrakov, and Iva Valkova
Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, medicine.drug_class, Chemistry, medicine, Disease, Pharmacology
Published: 2021
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40. Modelling of Molecular Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation during the Oxidative Stress: Effect of Palmitoyl-oxovaleroyl-phosphatidylcholine

Author: Miglena I. Angelova, Victoria Vitkova, Ralitsa Veleva, Dayana Benkova, Galya Staneva, Vesela Yordanova, Rusina Hazarosova, and Aneliya Kostadinova
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, Membrane, Chemistry, Phosphatidylcholine, medicine, Biophysics, medicine.disease_cause, Oxidative stress, Domain formation
Published: 2021
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41. Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of the Origin and Transmission Dynamics of the HIV-1 CRF01_AE Sub-Epidemic in Bulgaria

Author: Lyubomira Grigorova, Anna Gancheva, Aleksandra Partsuneva, Carole Seguin-Devaux, William M. Switzer, Ellsworth M. Campbell, Sergey Knyazev, Nina Yancheva, Ivailo Alexiev, Ivaylo Elenkov, Reneta Dimitrova, Yi Pan, and Asya Kostadinova
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Genotype, lcsh:QR1-502, HIV Infections, molecular epidemiology, Article, lcsh:Microbiology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Public health surveillance, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), prevention, law, Virology, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Public Health Surveillance, 030212 general & internal medicine, Bulgaria, Phylogeny, Aged, Recombination, Genetic, drug resistance, Molecular epidemiology, Phylogenetic tree, Outbreak, Genetic Variation, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, circulating recombinant forms, Phylogeography, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Viral phylodynamics, Geography, Transmission (mechanics), transmission dynamics, HIV-1, Female, transmission clusters, Reassortant Viruses, Demography
Abstract: HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE is the second most predominant strain in Bulgaria, yet little is known about the molecular epidemiology of its origin and transmissibility. We used a phylodynamics approach to better understand this sub-epidemic by analyzing 270 HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences collected from persons diagnosed with HIV/AIDS between 1995 and 2019. Using network analyses at a 1.5% genetic distance threshold (d), we found a large 154-member outbreak cluster composed mostly of persons who inject drugs (PWID) that were predominantly men. At d = 0.5%, which was used to identify more recent transmission, the large cluster dissociated into three clusters of 18, 12, and 7 members, respectively, five dyads, and 107 singletons. Phylogenetic analysis of the Bulgarian sequences with publicly available global sequences showed that CRF01_AE likely originated from multiple Asian countries, with Vietnam as the likely source of the outbreak cluster between 1988 and 1990. Our findings indicate that CRF01_AE was introduced into Bulgaria multiple times since 1988, and infections then rapidly spread among PWID locally with bridging to other risk groups and countries. CRF01_AE continues to spread in Bulgaria as evidenced by the more recent large clusters identified at d = 0.5%, highlighting the importance of public health prevention efforts in the PWID communities.
Published: 2021
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42. Radiation-induced Mucositis in Patients with Oropharyngeal Cancer Treated with Moderate Acceleration of Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy and Simultaneous Integrated Boost Concomitant with Weekly Cisplatin

Author: Lenche Kostadinova, Snezana Smickoska, Petar Chakalaroski, Danilo Nonkuloski, Gjusen Selim, and Marina Stoleska
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Chemotherapy, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Cancer, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Discontinuation, Radiation therapy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, mucositis, Oropharyngeal Carcinoma, Concomitant, medicine, Mucositis, cancer, 030212 general & internal medicine, Radiology, Oral mucosa, IMRT, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced mucositis is one of the limiting factors during radiotherapy, disturbing the quality of life and in some cases leading to discontinuation of therapy. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) represents advanced form of radiotherapy technique in treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma enabling precision cancer targeting with reducing dose to healthy normal tissues. AIM: The aim of this study was to present maximum grade and duration of a maximum grade of radiation-induced acute mucositis, influence of total volume of oral mucosa, and volumes of oral mucosa which are encompassed by radiation volume of 54 Gy and 66 Gy on the expression of grade of acute mucositis and influence of primary origin of tumor on encompassing with radiation volumes in patients treated with moderate acceleration of IMRT-SIB concomitant weekly cycle of chemotherapy with cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Planned research included 30 patients with oropharyngeal cancer who received their treatment at the University Clinic of Radiotherapy and Oncology in Skopje with moderate acceleration of IMRT-SIB and weekly concomitant cisplatin. Assessment of radiation-induced acute mucositis was performed according to the acute radiation morbidity scoring criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. RESULTS: Maximum grade of acute reaction was confluent mucositis with strong pain and was manifested in 27 patients (90%) with maximum time of duration of 28 days (range 7–28) and median duration of 18 days (range 7–28). Patients, in whom the primary origin of tumor was base of the tongue, a statistically significant difference (p = 0.04) was found for volume of oral mucosa encompassed with PTV66, compared to other localizations of primary oropharyngeal origin. Statistically non-significant difference was found between volume of total oral mucosa and volumes of oral mucosa which are encompassed with radiation volume of 54 Gy and 66 Gy and expression of grade of acute mucositis in the 5th and 6th weeks of radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: According to these results, recommendations are delineation of oral mucosa as critical structure and implementation of IMRT-SIB to achieve reduction of grade of acute mucositis.
Published: 2021

43. Impact of COVID-19 on Diagnostic Cardiac Procedural Volume in Oceania: The IAEA Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocol Survey on COVID-19 (INCAPS COVID)

Author: O'Sullivan, P., Younger, J., Van Pelt, N., O'Malley, S., Lenturut-Katal, D., Hirschfeld, C. B., Vitola, J. V., Cerci, R., Williams, M. C., Shaw, L. J., Raggi, P., Villines, T. C., Dorbala, S., Choi, A. D., Cohen, Y., Goebel, B., Malkovskiy, E., Randazzo, M., Pascual, T. N. B., Pynda, Y., Dondi, M., Paez, D., Einstein, A. J., Better, N., Afghanistan: Mohammad Nawaz Nasery Albania: Artan Goda, Ervina Shirka Algeria: Rabie Benlabgaa, Salah, Bouyoucef, Abdelkader, Medjahedi, Qais Nailli Argentina: Mariela Agolti, Roberto Nicolas Aguero, Maria del Carmen Alak, Lucia Graciela Alberguina, Guillermo, Arroñada, Andrea, Astesiano, Alfredo, Astesiano, Carolina Bas Norton, Pablo, Benteo, Juan, Blanco, Juan Manuel Bonelli, Jose Javier Bustos, Raul, Cabrejas, Jorge, Cachero, Roxana, Campisi, Alejandro, Canderoli, Silvia, Carames, Patrícia, Carrascosa, Ricardo, Castro, Oscar, Cendoya, Luciano Martin Cognigni, Carlos, Collaud, Claudia, Cortes, Javier, Courtis, Daniel, Cragnolino, Mariana, Daicz, Alejandro De La Vega, Silvia Teresa De Maria, Horacio Del Riego, Fernando, Dettori, Alejandro, Deviggiano, Laura, Dragonetti, Mario, Embon, Ruben Emilio Enriquez, Jorge, Ensinas, Fernando, Faccio, Adolfo, Facello, Diego, Garofalo, Ricardo, Geronazzo, Natalia, Gonza, Lucas, Gutierrez, Miguel Angel Guzzo, Victor, Hasbani, Melina, Huerin, Victor, Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Maria Nieves, A López De Munaín, Jose Maria Lotti, Alejandra, Marquez, Osvaldo, Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio Masoli, Edgardo, Mastrovito, Matias, Mayoraz, Graciela Eva Melado, Anibal, Mele, Maria Fernanda Merani, Alejandro Horacio Meretta, Susana, Molteni, Marcos, Montecinos, Eduardo, Noguera, Carlos, Novoa, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Sebastian Perez Ascani, Pablo, Pollono, Maria Paula Pujol, Alejandro, Radzinschi, Gustavo, Raimondi, Marcela, Redruello, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Rodríguez, Romina Lorena Romero, Arturo Romero Acuña, Federico, Rovaletti, Lucas San Miguel, Lucrecia, Solari, Bruno, Strada, Sonia, Traverso, Sonia Simona Traverzo, Maria del Huerto Velazquez Espeche, Juan Sebastian Weihmuller, Juan, Wolcan, Susana Zeffiro Armenia: Mari Sakanyan Australia: Scott Beuzeville, Raef, Boktor, Patrick, Butler, Jennifer, Calcott, Loretta, Carr, Virgil, Chan, Charles, Chao, Woon, Chong, Mark, Dobson, D'Arne, Downie, Girish, Dwivedi, Barry, Elison, Jean, Engela, Roslyn, Francis, Anand, Gaikwad, Ashok Gangasandra Basavaraj, Bruce, Goodwin, Robert, Greenough, Christian, Hamilton-Craig, Victar, Hsieh, Subodh, Joshi, Karin, Lederer, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Lee, John, Magnussen, Nghi, Mai, Gordon, Mander, Fiona, Murton, Dee, Nandurkar, Johanne, Neill, Edward, O'Rourke, Patricia, O'Sullivan, George, Pandos, Kunthi, Pathmaraj, Alexander, Pitman, Rohan, Poulter, Manuja, Premaratne, David, Prior, Lloyd, Ridley, Natalie, Rutherford, Hamid, Salehi, Connor, Saunders, Luke, Scarlett, Sujith, Seneviratne, Deepa, Shetty, Ganesh, Shrestha, Jonathan, Shulman, Vijay, Solanki, Tony, Stanton, Murch, Stuart, Michael, Stubbs, Ian, Swainson, Kim, Taubman, Andrew, Taylor, Paul, Thomas, Steven, Unger, Anthony, Upton, Shankar, Vamadevan, William Van Gaal, Johan, Verjans, Demetrius, Voutnis, Victor, Wayne, Peter, Wilson, David, Wong, Kirby, Wong, John Younger Austria: Gudrun Feuchtner, Siroos, Mirzaei, Konrad Weiss Belarus: Natallia Maroz-Vadalazhskaya Belgium: Olivier Gheysens, Filip, Homans, Rodrigo, Moreno-Reyes, Agnès, Pasquet, Veronique, Roelants, Van De Heyning Bolivia: Raúl Araujo Ríos Bosnia - Herzegovina: Valentina Soldat-Stankovic, Caroline M., Sinisa Stankovic Brazil: Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Augusto, Almeida, Paulo Henrique Alves Togni, Jose Henrique Andrade, Luciana, Andrade, Carlos, Anselmi, Roberta, Araújo, Guilherme, Azevedo, Sabbrina, Bezerra, Rodrigo, Biancardi, Gabriel Blacher Grossman, Simone, Brandão, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Lara, Carreira, Bruno, Castro, Tien, Chang, Fernando Cunali, Jr., Roberto, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea De Lorenzo, Robson De Macedo Filho, Fernanda, Erthal, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira De Souza, Wilson Furlan Alves, Bruno, Ghini, Luiz, Goncalves, Ilan, Gottlieb, Marcelo, Hadlich, Vinícius, Kameoka, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lima, Rafael Willain Lopes, Ricardo Machado, e Silva, Tiago, Magalhães, Fábio Martins Silva, Luiz Eduardo Mastrocola, Fábio, Medeiros, José Claudio Meneghetti, Vania, Naue, Danilo, Naves, Roberto, Nolasco, Cesar, Nomura, Joao Bruno Oliveira, Eduardo, Paixao, Filipe Penna De Carvalho, Ibraim, Pinto, Priscila, Possetti, Mayra, Quinta, Rodrigo Rizzo Nogueira Ramos, Ricardo, Rocha, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Rodrigues, Leila, Romantini, Adelina, Sanches, Sara, Santana, Leonardo Sara da Silva, Paulo, Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago, Senra, Afonso, Shiozaki, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Cristiano, Siqueira, Paola, Smanio, Carlos Eduardo Soares, José Soares Junior, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Bernardo, Spiro, Cláudio Tinoco Mesquita, Jorge, Torreao, Rafael, Torres, Marly, Uellendahl, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Otávia, Veríssimo, Estevan Vieira Cabeda, Felipe Villela Pedras, Roberto, Waltrick, Marcello Zapparoli Brunei Darussalam: Hamid Naseer Bulgaria: Marina Garcheva-Tsacheva, Irena Kostadinova Cambodia: Youdaline Theng Canada: Gad Abikhzer, Rene, Barette, Benjamin, Chow, Dominique, Dabreo, Matthias, Friedrich, Ria, Garg, Mohammed Nassoh Hafez, Chris, Johnson, Marla, Kiess, Jonathon, Leipsic, Eugene, Leung, Robert, Miller, Anastasia, Oikonomou, Stephan, Probst, Idan, Roifman, Gary, Small, Vikas, Tandon, Adwait, Trivedi, James, White, Katherine Zukotynski Chile: Jose Canessa, Gabriel Castro Muñoz, Carmen, Concha, Pablo, Hidalgo, Cesar, Lovera, Teresa, Massardo, Luis Salazar Vargas Colombia: Pedro Abad, Harold, Arturo, Sandra, Ayala, Luis, Benitez, Alberto, Cadena, Carlos, Caicedo, Antonio Calderón Moncayo, Sharon, Gomez, Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia T., Claudia, Jaimes, Juan, Londoño, Juan Luis Londoño Blair, Luz, Pabon, Mauricio, Pineda, Juan Carlos Rojas, Diego, Ruiz, Manuel Valencia Escobar, Andres, Vasquez, Damiana, Vergel, Alejandro Zuluaga Costa Rica: Isabel Berrocal Gamboa, Gabriel, Castro, Ulises, González, Croatia: Ana Baric, Tonci, Batinic, Maja, Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Mladen, Jukic, Petar, Medakovic, Viktor, Persic, Marina, Prpic, Ante Punda Cuba: Juan Felipe Batista, Juan Manuel Gómez Lauchy, Yamile Marcos Gutierrez, Rayner, Menéndez, Amalia, Peix, Luis Rochela Cyprus: Christoforos Panagidis, Ioannis Petrou Czech Republic: Vaclav Engelmann, Milan, Kaminek, Vladimír, Kincl, Otto, Lang, Milan Simanek Denmark: Jawdat Abdulla, Morten, Bøttcher, Mette, Christensen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Philip, Hasbak, Søren, Hess, Paw, Holdgaard, Allan, Johansen, Kasper, Kyhl, Bjarne Linde Norgaard, Kristian Altern Øvrehus, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Rolf, Steffensen, Anders, Thomassen, Bo Zerahn Dominican Republic: Alfredo Perez Ecuador: Giovanni Alejandro Escorza Velez, Mayra Sanchez Velez Egypt: Islam Shawky Abdel Aziz, Mahasen, Abougabal, Taghreed, Ahmed, Adel, Allam, Ahmed, Asfour, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Hassan, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Sameh, Kaffas, Ahmed, Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Ahmad, Mansy, Hany, Maurice, Sherif, Nabil, Mahmoud Shaaban El Salvador: Ana Camila Flores Estonia: Anne Poksi Finland: Juhani Knuuti, Velipekka, Kokkonen, Martti, Larikka, Valtteri Uusitalo France: Matthieu Bailly, Samuel, Burg, Jean-François, Deux, Vincent, Habouzit, Fabien, Hyafil, Olivier, Lairez, Franck, Proffit, Hamza, Regaieg, Laure, Sarda-Mantel, Schneider Ghana: Harold Ayetey Greece: George Angelidis, Vania Tacher Germany: Roman P., Aikaterini, Archontaki, Sofia, Chatziioannou, Ioannis, Datseris, Christina, Fragkaki, Panagiotis, Georgoulias, Sophia, Koukouraki, Maria, Koutelou, Eleni, Kyrozi, Evangelos, Repasos, Petros, Stavrou, Pipitsa Valsamaki Guatemala: Carla Gonzalez, Goleat Gutierrez Honduras: Alejandro Maldonado Hungary: Klara Buga, Ildiko, Garai, Pál, Maurovich-Horvat, Erzsébet, Schmidt, Balint, Szilveszter, Edit Várady India: Nilesh Banthia, Jinendra Kumar Bhagat, Rishi, Bhargava, Vivek, Bhat, Mona, Bhatia, Partha, Choudhury, Vijay Sai Chowdekar, Aparna, Irodi, Shashank, Jain, Elizabeth, Joseph, Sukriti, Kumar, Prof Dr Girijanandan Mahapatra, Deepanjan, Mitra, Bhagwant Rai Mittal, Ahmad, Ozair, Chetan, Patel, Tapan, Patel, Ravi, Patel, Shivani, Patel, Sudhir, Saxena, Shantanu, Sengupta, Santosh, Singh, Bhanupriya, Singh, Ashwani, Sood, Atul Verma Indonesia: Erwin Affandi, Padma Savenadia Alam, Edison, Edison, Gani, Gunawan, Habusari, Hapkido, Basuki, Hidayat, Aulia, Huda, Anggoro Praja Mukti, Djoko, Prawiro, Erwin Affandi Soeriadi, Hilman Syawaluddin Iraq: Amjed Albadr Islamic Republic of Iran: Majid Assadi, Farshad, Emami, Golnaz, Houshmand, Majid, Maleki, Maryam Tajik Rostami, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi Israel: Eed Abu Zaid, Svetlana, Agranovich, Yoav, Arnson, Rachel, Bar-Shalom, Alex, Frenkel, Galit, Knafo, Rachel, Lugassi, Israel Shlomo Maor Moalem, Maya, Mor, Noam, Muskal, Sara, Ranser, Aryeh Shalev Italy: Domenico Albano, Pierpaolo, Alongi, Gaspare, Arnone, Elisa, Bagatin, Sergio, Baldari, Matteo, Bauckneht, Paolo, Bertelli, Francesco, Bianco, Rachele, Bonfiglioli, Roberto, Boni, Andrea, Bruno, Isabella, Bruno, Elena, Busnardo, Elena, Califaretti, Luca, Camoni, Aldo, Carnevale, Roberta, Casoni, Armando Ugo Cavallo, Giorgio, Cavenaghi, Franca, Chierichetti, Marcello, Chiocchi, Corrado, Cittanti, Mauro, Colletta, Umberto, Conti, Alberto, Cossu, Alberto, Cuocolo, Marco, Cuzzocrea, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Giuseppe De Vincentis, Eleonora Del Giudice, Alberico Del Torto, Veronica Della Tommasina, Rexhep, Durmo, Erba, PAOLA ANNA, Laura, Evangelista, Riccardo, Faletti, Evelina, Faragasso, Mohsen, Farsad, Paola, Ferro, Luigia, Florimonte, Viviana, Frantellizzi, Fabio Massimo Fringuelli, Marco, Gatti, Angela, Gaudiano, Alessia, Gimelli, Raffaele, Giubbini, Francesca, Giuffrida, Salvatore, Ialuna, Riccardo, Laudicella, Lucia, Leccisotti, Lucia, Leva, Liga, Riccardo, Carlo, Liguori, Giampiero, Longo, Margherita, Maffione, Maria Elisabetta Mancini, Claudio, Marcassa, Elisa, Milan, Barbara, Nardi, Sara, Pacella, Giovanna, Pepe, Gianluca, Pontone, Sabina, Pulizzi, Natale, Quartuccio, Lucia, Rampin, Fabrizio, Ricci, Pierluigi, Rossini, Giuseppe, Rubini, Vincenzo, Russo, Gian Mauro Sacchetti, Gianmario, Sambuceti, Massimo, Scarano, Roberto, Sciagrà, Massimiliano, Sperandio, Antonella, Stefanelli, Guido, Ventroni, Stefania Zoboli Jamaica: Dainia Baugh, Duane, Chambers, Ernest, Madu, Felix Nunura Japan: Hiroshi Asano, Chimura Misato Chimura, Shinichiro, Fujimoto, Koichiro, Fujisue, Tomohisa, Fukunaga, Yoshimitsu, Fukushima, Kae, Fukuyama, Jun, Hashimoto, Yasutaka, Ichikawa, Nobuo, Iguchi, Masamichi, Imai, Anri, Inaki, Hayato, Ishimura, Satoshi, Isobe, Toshiaki, Kadokami, Takao, Kato, Takashi, Kudo, Shinichiro, Kumita, Hirotaka, Maruno, Hiroyuki, Mataki, Masao, Miyagawa, Ryota, Morimoto, Masao, Moroi, Shigeki, Nagamachi, Kenichi, Nakajima, Tomoaki, Nakata, Ryo, Nakazato, Mamoru, Nanasato, Masanao, Naya, Takashi, Norikane, Yasutoshi, Ohta, Satoshi, Okayama, Atsutaka, Okizaki, Yoichi, Otomi, Hideki, Otsuka, Masaki, Saito, Sakata Yasushi Sakata, Masayoshi, Sarai, Daisuke, Sato, Shinya, Shiraishi, Yoshinobu, Suwa, Kentaro, Takanami, Kazuya, Takehana, Junichi, Taki, Nagara, Tamaki, Yasuyo, Taniguchi, Hiroki, Teragawa, Nobuo, Tomizawa, Kenichi, Tsujita, Kyoko, Umeji, Yasushi, Wakabayashi, Shinichiro, Yamada, Shinya, Yamazaki, Tatsuya Yoneyama Jordan: Mohammad Rawashdeh Kazakhstan: Daultai Batyrkhanov, Tairkhan Dautov Kenya: Khalid Makhdomi, Kevin Ombati Kuwait: Faridah Alkandari, Masoud Garashi Lao People's Democratic Republic: Tchoyoson Lim Coie, Sonexay Rajvong Latvia: Artem Kalinin, Marika Kalnina Lebanon: Mohamad Haidar Lithuania: Renata Komiagiene, Giedre, Kviecinskiene, Mindaugas, Mataciunas, Karim Malta: Luise Reichmuth, Donatas Vajauskas Luxembourg: Christian Picard Malaysia: Noor Khairiah A., Anthony Samuel Mauritius: Mohammad Aaftaab Allarakha, Ambedhkar Shantaram Naojee Mexico: Erick Alexanderson-Rosas, Erika, Barragan, Alejandro Becerril González-Montecinos, Manuel, Cabada, Daniel Calderon Rodriguez, Isabel, Carvajal-Juarez, Violeta, Cortés, Filiberto, Cortés, Erasmo De La Peña, Manlio, Gama-Moreno, Luis, González, Nelsy Gonzalez Ramírez, Moisés, Jiménez-Santos, Luis, Matos, Edgar, Monroy, Martha, Morelos, Mario, Ornelas, Jose Alberto Ortga Ramirez, Andrés, Preciado-Anaya, Óscar Ulises Preciado-Gutiérrez, Adriana Puente Barragan, Sandra Graciela Rosales Uvera, Sigelinda, Sandoval, Miguel Santaularia Tomas, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Silvia, Siu, Enrique, Vallejo, Mario Valles Monaco: Marc Faraggi Mongolia: Erdenechimeg Sereegotov Montenegro: Srdja Ilic Morocco: Nozha Ben-Rais, Nadia Ismaili Alaoui, Sara Taleb Myanmar: Khin Pa Pa Myo, Phyo Si Thu Nepal: Ram Kumar Ghimire, Bijoy Rajbanshi Netherlands: Peter Barneveld, Andor, Glaudemans, Jesse, Habets, Klaas Pieter Koopmans, Jeroen, Manders, Stefan, Pool, Arthur, Scholte, Asbjørn, Scholtens, Riemer, Slart, Paul, Thimister, Erik-Jan Van Asperen, Niels, Veltman, Derk, Verschure, Nils Wagenaar New Zealand: John Edmond, Chris, Ellis, Kerryanne, Johnson, Ross, Keenan, Shaw Hua (Anthony) Kueh, Christopher, Occleshaw, Alexander, Sasse, Andrew, To, Niels Van Pelt, Calum Young Nicaragua: Teresa Cuadra, Hector Bladimir Roque Vanegas Niger: Idrissa Adamou Soli, Djibrillou Moussa Issoufou Nigeria: Tolulope Ayodele, Chibuzo, Madu, Yetunde Onimode Norway: Elen Efros-Monsen, Signe Helene Forsdahl, Jenni-Mari Hildre Dimmen, Arve, Jørgensen, Isabel, Krohn, Pål, Løvhaugen, Anders Tjellaug Bråten Oman: Humoud Al Dhuhli, Faiza Al Kindi, Naeema, Al-Bulushi, Zabah, Jawa, Naima Tag Pakistan: Muhammad Shehzad Afzal, Shazia, Fatima, Muhammad Numair Younis, Musab, Riaz, Mohammad Saadullah Panama: Yariela Herrera Papua New Guinea: Dora Lenturut-Katal Paraguay: Manuel Castillo Vázquez, José Ortellado People's Republic of Bangladesh: Afroza Akhter People's Republic of China: Dianbo Cao, Stephen, Cheung, Dai, Xu, Lianggeng, Gong, Dan, Han, Yang, Hou, Caiying, Li, Tao, Li, Dong, Li, Sijin, Li, Jinkang, Liu, Hui, Liu, Bin, Lu, Ming Yen Ng, Kai, Sun, Gongshun, Tang, Jian, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhao-Qian, Wang, Yining, Wang, Yifan, Wang, Jiang, Wu, Zhifang, Wu, Liming, Xia, Jiangxi, Xiao, Lei, Xu, Youyou, Yang, Yin, Wu, Jianqun, Yu, Yuan, Li, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Zhang, Yong-Gao, Zhang, Xiaoli, Zhang, Li Zhu Peru: Ana Alfaro Philippines: Paz Abrihan, Asela, Barroso, Eric, Cruz, Marie Rhiamar Gomez, Vincent Peter Magboo, John Michael Medina, Jerry, Obaldo, Davidson, Pastrana, Christian Michael Pawhay, Alvin, Quinon, Jeanelle Margareth Tang, Bettina, Tecson, Kristine Joy Uson, Mila Uy Poland: Magdalena Kostkiewicz, Jolanta Kunikowska Portugal: Nuno Bettencourt, Guilhermina, Cantinho, Antonio Ferreira Qatar: Ghulam Syed Republic of Ireland: Samer Arnous, Said, Atyani, Angela, Byrne, Tadhg, Gleeson, David, Kerins, Conor, Meehan, David, Murphy, Mark, Murphy, John, Murray, Julie O'Brien Republic of Korea: Ji-In Bang, Henry, Bom, Sang-Geon, Cho, Chae Moon Hong, Su Jin Jang, Yong Hyu Jeong, Won Jun Kang, Ji-Young, Kim, Jaetae, Lee, Chang Kyeong Namgung, Young, So, Kyoung Sook Won Republic of North Macedonia: Venjamin Majstorov, Marija Vavlukis Republic of Slovenia: Barbara Gužic Salobir, Monika Štalc Romania: Theodora Benedek, Imre, Benedek, Raluca, Mititelu, Claudiu Adrian Stan Russian Federation: Alexey Ansheles, Olga, Dariy, Olga, Drozdova, Nina, Gagarina, Vsevolod Milyevich Gulyaev, Irina, Itskovich, Anatoly, Karalkin, Alexander, Kokov, Ekaterina, Migunova, Viktor, Pospelov, Daria, Ryzhkova, Guzaliya, Saifullina, Svetlana, Sazonova, Vladimir, Sergienko, Irina, Shurupova, Tatjana, Trifonova, Wladimir Yurievich Ussov, Margarita, Vakhromeeva, Nailya, Valiullina, Konstantin, Zavadovsky, Kirill Zhuravlev Saudi Arabia: Mirvat Alasnag, Subhani Okarvi Serbia: Dragana Sobic Saranovic Singapore: Felix Keng, Jia Hao Jason See, Ramkumar, Sekar, Min Sen Yew Slovak Republic: Andrej Vondrak South Africa: Shereen Bejai, George, Bennie, Ria, Bester, Gerrit, Engelbrecht, Osayande, Evbuomwan, Harlem, Gongxeka, Magritha Jv Vuuren, Mitchell, Kaplan, Purbhoo, Khushica, Hoosen, Lakhi, Lizette, Louw, Nico, Malan, Katarina, Milos, Moshe, Modiselle, Stuart, More, Mathava, Naidoo, Leonie, Scholtz, Mboyo Vangu Spain: Santiago Aguadé-Bruix, Isabel, Blanco, Antonio, Cabrera, Alicia, Camarero, Irene, Casáns-Tormo, Hug, Cuellar-Calabria, Albert, Flotats, Maria Eugenia Fuentes Cañamero, María Elia García, Amelia, Jimenez-Heffernan, Rubén, Leta, Javier Lopez Diaz, Luis, Lumbreras, Juan Javier Marquez-Cabeza, Francisco, Martin, Anxo Martinez de Alegria, Francisco, Medina, Maria Pedrera Canal, Virginia, Peiro, Virginia, Pubul-Nuñez, Juan Ignacio Rayo Madrid, Cristina Rodríguez Rey, Ricardo Ruano Perez, Joaquín, Ruiz, Gertrudis Sabatel Hernández, Ana, Sevilla, Nahla Zeidán Sri Lanka: Damayanthi Nanayakkara, Chandraguptha Udugama Sweden: Magnus Simonsson Switzerland: Hatem Alkadhi, Ronny Ralf Buechel, Peter, Burger, Luca, Ceriani, Bart De Boeck, Christoph, Gräni, Alix Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Kamani, Christel H., Nadine, Kawel-Boehm, Robert, Manka, Prior, John O., Axel, Rominger, Jean-Paul Vallée Thailand: Benjapa Khiewvan, Teerapon, Premprabha, Tanyaluck Thientunyakit Tunisia: Ali Sellem Turkey: Kemal Metin Kir, Haluk Sayman Uganda: Mugisha Julius Sebikali, Zerida Muyinda Ukraine: Yaroslav Kmetyuk, Pavlo, Korol, Olena, Mykhalchenko, Volodymyr, Pliatsek, Maryna Satyr United Arab Emirates: Batool Albalooshi, Mohamed Ismail Ahmed Hassan United Kingdom: Jill Anderson, Punit, Bedi, Thomas, Biggans, Anda, Bularga, Russell, Bull, Rajesh, Burgul, John-Paul, Carpenter, Duncan, Coles, David, Cusack, Aparna, Deshpande, John, Dougan, Timothy, Fairbairn, Alexia, Farrugia, Deepa, Gopalan, Alistair, Gummow, Prasad Guntur Ramkumar, Mark, Hamilton, Mark, Harbinson, Thomas, Hartley, Benjamin, Hudson, Nikhil, Joshi, Michael, Kay, Andrew, Kelion, Azhar, Khokhar, Jamie, Kitt, Ken, Lee, Chen, Low, Sze Mun Mak, Ntouskou, Marousa, Jon, Martin, Elisa, Mcalindon, Leon, Menezes, Gareth, Morgan-Hughes, Alastair, Moss, Anthony, Murray, Edward, Nicol, Dilip, Patel, Charles, Peebles, Francesca, Pugliese, Jonathan Carl Luis Rodrigues, Christopher, Rofe, Nikant, Sabharwal, Rebecca, Schofield, Thomas, Semple, Naveen, Sharma, Peter, Strouhal, Deepak, Subedi, William, Topping, Katharine, Tweed, Jonathan Weir-Mccall United States of America: Suhny Abbara, Taimur, Abbasi, Brian, Abbott, Shady, Abohashem, Sandra, Abramson, Tarek, Al-Abboud, Mouaz, Al-Mallah, Omar, Almousalli, Karthikeyan, Ananthasubramaniam, Mohan Ashok Kumar, Jeffrey, Askew, Lea, Attanasio, Mallory, Balmer-Swain, Bayer, Richard R., Adam, Bernheim, Sabha, Bhatti, Erik, Bieging, Ron, Blankstein, Stephen, Bloom, Sean, Blue, David, Bluemke, Andressa, Borges, Kelley, Branch, Paco, Bravo, Jessica, Brothers, Matthew, Budoff, Renée, Bullock-Palmer, Angela, Burandt, Burke, Floyd W., Kelvin, Bush, Candace, Candela, Elizabeth, Capasso, Joao, Cavalcante, Donald, Chang, Saurav, Chatterjee, Yiannis, Chatzizisis, Michael, Cheezum, Tiffany, Chen, Jennifer, Chen, Marcus, Chen, Andrew, Choi, James, Clarcq, Ayreen, Cordero, Matthew, Crim, Sorin, Danciu, Bruce, Decter, Nimish, Dhruva, Neil, Doherty, Rami, Doukky, Anjori, Dunbar, William, Duvall, Rachael, Edwards, Kerry, Esquitin, Husam, Farah, Emilio, Fentanes, Maros, Ferencik, Daniel, Fisher, Daniel, Fitzpatrick, Cameron, Foster, Tony, Fuisz, Michael, Gannon, Lori, Gastner, Myron, Gerson, Brian, Ghoshhajra, Alan, Goldberg, Brian, Goldner, Jorge, Gonzalez, Rosco, Gore, Sandra, Gracia-López, Fadi, Hage, Agha, Haider, Sofia, Haider, Yasmin, Hamirani, Karen, Hassen, Mallory, Hatfield, Carolyn, Hawkins, Katie, Hawthorne, Nicholas, Heath, Robert, Hendel, Phillip, Hernandez, Gregory, Hill, Stephen, Horgan, Jeff, Huffman, Lynne, Hurwitz, Ami, Iskandrian, Rajesh, Janardhanan, Christine, Jellis, Scott, Jerome, Dinesh, Kalra, Summanther, Kaviratne, Fernando, Kay, Faith, Kelly, Omar, Khalique, Mona, Kinkhabwala, George Kinzfogl Iii, Jacqueline, Kircher, Rachael, Kirkbride, Michael, Kontos, Anupama, Kottam, Joseph, Krepp, Jay, Layer, Steven, H Lee, Jeffrey, Leppo, John, Lesser, Steve, Leung, Howard, Lewin, Diana, Litmanovich, Yiyan, Liu, Juan, Lopez-Mattei, Kathleen, Magurany, Jeremy, Markowitz, Amanda, Marn, Stephen, E Matis, Michael, Mckenna, Tony, Mcrae, Fernando, Mendoza, Michael, Merhige, David, Min, Chanan, Moffitt, Karen, Moncher, Warren, Moore, Shamil, Morayati, Michael, Morris, Mahmud, Mossa-Basha, Zorana, Mrsic, Venkatesh, Murthy, Prashant, Nagpal, Kyle, Napier, Jagat, Narula, Katarina, Nelson, Prabhjot, Nijjar, Medhat, Osman, Purvi, Parwani, Edward, Passen, Amit, Patel, Pravin, Patil, Ryan, Paul, Lawrence, Phillips, Venkateshwar, Polsani, Rajaram, Poludasu, Brian, Pomerantz, Thomas, Porter, Ryan, Prentice, Amit, Pursnani, Mark, Rabbat, Suresh, Ramamurti, Florence, Rich, Hiram Rivera Luna, Austin, Robinson, Kim, Robles, Cesar, Rodríguez, Mark, Rorie, John, Rumberger, Raymond, Russell, Philip, Sabra, Diego, Sadler, Mary, Schemmer, Joseph Schoepf, U., Samir, Shah, Nishant, Shah, Sujata, Shanbhag, Gaurav, Sharma, Steven, Shayani, Jamshid, Shirani, Pushpa, Shivaram, Steven, Sigman, Mitch, Simon, Ahmad, Slim, David, Smith, Alexandra, Smith, Prem, Soman, Aditya, Sood, Monvadi Barbara Srichai-Parsia, James, Streeter, Albert, T, Ahmed, Tawakol, Dustin, Thomas, Randall, Thompson, Tara, Torbet, Desiree, Trinidad, Shawn, Ullery, Samuel, Unzek, Seth, Uretsky, Srikanth, Vallurupalli, Vikas, Verma, Alfonso, Waller, Ellen, Wang, Parker, Ward, Gaby, Weissman, George, Wesbey, Kelly, White, David, Winchester, David, Wolinsky, Sandra, Yost, Michael Zgaljardic Uruguay: Omar Alonso, Mario, Beretta, Rodolfo, Ferrando, Miguel, Kapitan, Fernando Mut Uzbekistan: Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva Vietnam: Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, and Xuan Canh Nguyen
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cardiology, coronavirus, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Transoesophageal echocardiography, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Health care, Stress Echocardiography, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, cardiac investigations, Pandemics, Cardiac imaging, Retrospective Studies, Cardiac investigations, Coronavirus, COVID-19, medicine.diagnostic_test, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Non invasive, cardiac imaging, humans, pandemics, retrospective studies, tomography, x-ray computed, cardiology, Positron emission tomography, Original Article, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Cardiac Diagnostic Procedure
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The INCAPS COVID Oceania study aimed to assess the impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac procedure volume provided in the Oceania region. METHODS: A retrospective survey was performed comparing procedure volumes within March 2019 (pre-COVID-19) with April 2020 (during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic). Sixty-three (63) health care facilities within Oceania that perform cardiac diagnostic procedures were surveyed, including a mixture of metropolitan and regional, hospital and outpatient, public and private sites, and 846 facilities outside of Oceania. The percentage change in procedure volume was measured between March 2019 and April 2020, compared by test type and by facility. RESULTS: In Oceania, the total cardiac diagnostic procedure volume was reduced by 52.2% from March 2019 to April 2020, compared to a reduction of 75.9% seen in the rest of the world (p
Published: 2021
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44. Steatosis as risk factor for drug-induced liver injury (DILI)

Author: A. Wolf, W. Moritz, B. Filippi, A. Pajak, R. Kostadinova, and K. Sanchez
Subjects: Liver injury, Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, General Medicine, Toxicology, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Internal medicine, medicine, Steatosis, Risk factor, business, media_common
Published: 2021
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45. Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Anti-Cancer Therapies

Author: Milena Mourdjeva, Milena Kostadinova, Milena Mourdjeva, and Milena Kostadinova
Subjects: Stromal cell, tumor cells, Population, Medicine (miscellaneous), exosomes, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, Metastasis, Extracellular Vesicles, Stroma, Neoplasms, medicine, genetic modification, Animals, Humans, education, Cell Engineering, education.field_of_study, Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, business.industry, Mesenchymal stem cell, apoptosis, Cancer, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Microvesicles, cell cycle arrest, Cancer cell, Cancer research, business
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are localized throughout the adult body as a small population in the stroma of the tissue concerned. In injury, tissue damage, or tumor formation, they are activated and leave their niche to migrate to the site of injury, where they release a plethora of growth factors, cytokines, and other bioactive molecules. With the accumulation of data about the interaction between MSCs and tumor cells, the dualistic role of MSCs remains unclear. However, a large number of studies have demonstrated the natural anti-tumor properties inherent in MSCs, so this is the basis for intensive research for new methods using MSCs as a tool to suppress cancer cell development. This review focuses specifically on advanced approaches in modifying MSCs to become a powerful, precision- targeted tool for killing cancer cells, but not normal healthy cells. Suppression of tumor growth by MSCs can be accomplished by inducing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest, suppressing tumor angiogenesis, or blocking mechanisms mediating metastasis. In addition, the chemosensitivity of cancer cells may be increased so that the dose of the chemotherapeutic agent used could be significantly reduced.
Published: 2019

46. Neuroprotective effect of newly synthesized 4-aminopyridine derivatives on cuprizone-induced demyelination in mice-a behavioral and immunohistochemical study

Author: Boycho Landzhov, Nikolai Danchev, Lyubomir T. Vezenkov, Ivanka I. Kostadinova, and Lyubomir Marinov
Subjects: Male, Clinical Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Corpus callosum, Biochemistry, Neuroprotection, Cuprizone, Mice, medicine, Animals, In patient, Latency (engineering), 4-Aminopyridine, Behavior, Animal, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Organic Chemistry, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, Neuroprotective Agents, Passive avoidance, business, medicine.drug, Demyelinating Diseases
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of newly synthesized derivatives of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on cuprizone-induced model of brain demyelination in mice. 4-AP is already approved for the treatment of walking difficulties in patients with multiple sclerosis. The model of demyelination was carried out by the administration of cuprizone to the drinking water of the experimental mice. Besides cuprizone, 4-AP derivatives and 4-AP were administered to the groups in order to assess their protective effect on the demyelination. We used immunohistochemistry for visualization of changes in corpus callosum. Memory storage processes were also assessed with the passive avoidance test on the last two days of the experiment. The experimental mice treated with compounds 4b and 4c increased significantly their latency time on the second day in comparison to the control group which indicated an improved memory process. The number of mature oligodendrocytes in the groups treated with compounds 4b, 4c and 4-AP is closer to those in the control group. The results of our studies showed that the newly synthesized compounds 4b and 4c reverse the effect of cuprizone. These groups also showed increased latency time in the passive avoidance test in comparison to the control group.
Published: 2020

47. Dislocation of the Testes Into the Hip Joint From High-Energy Blunt Trauma

Author: Klemen Lovšin, Tomaž Smrkolj, Marko Lovšin, and Viktorija Kostadinova
Subjects: Orthodontics, High energy, business.industry, Blunt trauma, Medicine, General Medicine, Dislocation, business, Joint (geology)
Published: 2020

48. Primary prevention of cervical cancer in Bulgaria

Author: S K Ivanova, S Georgieva, M Kamburova, I Y Stoilova, S D Kostadinov, G N Atanasova, and P S Kostadinova
Subjects: Oncology, Cervical cancer, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Primary prevention, Internal medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine, business, medicine.disease
Abstract: Background The incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer in Bulgaria are higher than in most European Union countries, with an upward trend in the last three decades. Bulgaria is one of the 98 countries that, since 2012, has implemented a nationally funded national program for the primary prevention of cervical cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate how this program is implemented in Bulgaria and why it is ineffective in our country. Methods A documentary study and a direct individual survey were conducted among 161 GPs from the Pleven region. The questions concern the attitudes of GPs to carry out immunoprophylaxis and the causes of low coverage. Results The immunization coverage with a complete scheme of three intakes in 2013 was 23.83% and in 2014 - 19.6%. In 2015, it switched to a two-dose regimen and its scope dropped sharply below 10% in this and subsequent years. The survey found that 17% of GPs felt that vaccination was unnecessary. 26% have not immunized any of their patients and 32% have covered less than 10%. Only 22% of GPs report that they are actively seeking out patients. The main reasons for the low coverage that respondents include are: rejection by parents (74%) due to fear of complications (41%), do not believe in the benefit of the vaccine (19%), and consider the vaccines to be harmful (10%); poor awareness (43%); negative information on the Internet and media (38%). Conclusions It is too early to take into account the effect of Cervical Cancer Immunoprophylaxis, conducted in Bulgaria, but the low coverage of those subject is alarming. It is necessary to undertake active health education activities among the population and additional training of GPs. Key messages Bulgaria has introduced a national program for primary prevention of cervical cancer, funded by the country. There is a very low coverage of subordinates due to insufficient awareness of the population, negative attitudes and insufficient commitment of GPs to implement the program.
Published: 2020
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49. Effect of 4-Amino-pyridine and Newly Synthesized Original 4-Aminopyridine Derivatives on Cuprizoneinduced Demyelination of Corpus Callosum in Mice

Author: Boycho Landzhov, Lyubomir T. Vezenkov, Ivanka I. Kostadinova, Nikolay Danchev, and Alexander Oskar
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemistry, Stereochemistry, Pyridine, 4-Aminopyridine, medicine, Corpus callosum, medicine.drug
Published: 2020
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50. Mapping the global evidence on nutrition transition: a scoping review protocol

Author: Krasimira Aleksandrova, Jessica Emily Singh, Todorka Kostadinova, Klara Dokova, Natalya Usheva, and Anne-Kathrin Illner
Subjects: Knowledge management, hypertension, Population level, Adult population, Global Health, Nutrition transition, Medicine, Humans, coronary heart disease, Research question, Protocol (science), Nutrition and Metabolism, nutrition and dietetics, business.industry, general diabetes, diabetes and endocrinology, Stakeholder, Nutritional Requirements, General Medicine, Grey literature, cardiology, business, Inclusion (education), Systematic Reviews as Topic
Abstract: IntroductionNutrition transition has emerged as an important concept in health research used to describe shifts in dietary consumption and energy expenditure that coincide with economic, demographic and epidemiological changes at a population level. Better understanding of the shifts in dietary patterns across populations and their drivers could possibly hold the key to prevention of diet-related disease risk. An increasing number of studies have reported on nutrition transition in populations around the world, however, global evidence has not been summarised.ObjectiveThis scoping review is aimed to identify, explore and map the literature on nutrition transition with a specific focus on dietary changes in populations across the world. The review would allow better clarification around the concept of nutrition transition, classification of published studies and provide a framework for further research.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be designed based on the methodology by Arksey and O’Malley, refined by Levac et al. and developed in conjunction with guidance on conducting systematic scoping reviews by Peters et al. The main research question addressed by the scoping review will be: ‘What is the evidence on nutrition transition defined based on dietary changes reported in general adult population across the world?’ Electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science), grey literature sources and the reference lists of key studies will be searched to identify studies appropriate for inclusion in the review. Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion. Data will be abstracted into tables and logically organised according to items addressed in the specific research questions.Ethics and disseminationDissemination of results will be sought through a peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and stakeholder meetings. The data used are from publicly available secondary sources, so no ethical review would be required for this study.
Published: 2020

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