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R mRNA in the mPFC was significantly decreased to 5-Hydroxytryptamine7 (5-HT7) receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) play a critical role in complex cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The mouse model of schizophrenia was established through the neonatal administration of phencyclidine (nPCP). Recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated gene knockdown was used to investigate the role of mPFC 5-HT7 receptor in the schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice. Under baseline conditions in the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT), nPCP produced a significant attentional impairment that was exacerbated when mice were tested under LITI. Premature and perseverative responding in nPCP mice were both increased, thus suggesting deficits in inhibitory response control. The deficits in attentional performance and premature responding of nPCP mice were improved or fully rescued by 5-HT7 receptor downregulation under heavy perceptual load. Downregulation of the 5-HT7 receptor in the mPFC ameliorated spatial working memory and had no effects on nPCP-induced impairments in recognition memory and MA-induced hyperlocomotion. These results suggest that 5-HT7 receptor is involved in the cognitive outcomes of schizophrenia-like symptoms similar to humans. Downregulation of the 5-HT7 receptor in the mPFC exert complex effects in a mouse model of schizophrenia and may be of benefit in treating schizophrenia-related impulsive actions.

Introduction: This study aims to identify the prognostic factors that influence therapeutic modalities for thyroid carcinoma showing thymus-like elements (CASTLE). Materials and Methods: Reported studies with CASTLE patients published between 2004 and 2018 were retrieved from a cross-database literature search. Three patients treated in our institute were also included as one case series. Standardized data collection was performed; data pertaining to clinical stages, treatment regimens, and survival time were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Up to 26 case series of CASTLE were selected, including 51 males and 38 females with a median age of 48 years. Follow-up time ranged from 2 to 362 months and the median survival time was 158.03 months. Lymph node metastasis and tumor invasion of adjacent tissue both showed a significant negative effect on survival (p = 0.001 and 0.013, respectively). Radiotherapy significantly improved survival (p = 0.034), while neck dissection significantly prolonged survival only in patients with extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.043). Conclusions: Extrathyroidal infiltration and nodal metastasis are important factors in cancer outcomes. Radiation therapy appears to be important for better outcomes in CASTLE patients, and neck dissection is recommended for patients with extrathyroidal extension.

Aim: We aimed to investigate risk factors and current treatment effects in male breast cancer patients. Methods: Kaplan–Meier plot, log-rank test, COX model, nomograms and propensity score matching were used. Results: Among stage I–III patients, surgery was associated with better prognosis. In subgroup analysis, performing surgery and no radiation or chemotherapy led to worse prognosis in research group. Among stage IV patients, chemotherapy correlated with better prognosis and radiation led to better breast cancer-specific survival. In addition, brain and liver metastasis correlated with worse prognosis; and lung correlated with worse breast cancer-specific survival. Conclusion: For stage I–III patients, surgery and chemotherapy were recommended. And not applying radiation or chemotherapy could be carefully considered for ER(+) HER-2(-) patients. For stage IV patients, chemotherapy and radiation were commended.

Background As 3D printing technology emerge, there is increasing demand for a more customizable implant in the repair of chest-wall bony defects. This article aims to present a custom design and fabrication method for repairing bony defects of the chest wall following tumour resection, which utilizes three-dimensional (3D) printing and rapid-prototyping technology. Methods A 3D model of the bony defect was generated after acquiring helical CT data. A customized prosthesis was then designed using computer-aided design (CAD) and mirroring technology, and fabricated using titanium-alloy powder. The mechanical properties of the printed prosthesis were investigated using ANSYS software. Results The yield strength of the titanium-alloy prosthesis was 950 ± 14 MPa (mean ± SD), and its ultimate strength was 1005 ± 26 MPa. The 3D finite element analyses revealed that the equivalent stress distribution of each prosthesis was unifrom. The symmetry and reconstruction quality contour of the repaired chest wall was satisfactory. No rejection or infection occurred during the 6-month follow-up period. Conclusion Chest-wall reconstruction with a customized titanium-alloy prosthesis is a reliable technique for repairing bony defects.

Possible thyroiditis was suspected in a 56-year-old man who initially presented sore throat because laboratory examinations revealed decreased serum thyroid hormone and the Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy showed no tracer uptake by the thyroid gland. However, subsequent examination demonstrated that the absence of pertechnetate activity in the thyroid was due to complete replacement of thyroid gland by the metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma, which was unknown at the initial presentation.

Background Esophageal foreign bodies refer to objects that are accidentally or intentionally swallowed, or that are naturally swallowed during medication or eating, temporarily staying in or resting in the esophagus. Esophageal foreign body is one of the common emergency of esophageal surgery, more common in the elderly and children. This paper study clinical features of esophageal foreign body in northwestern China in order to improve the abilities of diagnosis and treatment for the disease. Methods Clinical data of 202 patients admitted in for esophageal foreign body was analyzed retrospectively. The general information of the patients were collected, and the types of foreign bodies, the location, diagnostic methods, methods of taking out and related complications, hospitalization days, et al were analyzed statistically. Results The types of esophageal foreign body included jujube pit (61.8%), animal bones (12.9%) and non-food foreign bodies (24.3%). It mainly occurred in the upper orifice of the esophagus (65.8%). Diagnostic methods were mainly consisted of esophageal angiography (57.9%), chest X-ray (19.8%) and endoscopy (16.4%). Most of the patients (189, 93.6%) were treated with esophagoscopy. Altogether 26 cases presented with complications, and 18 of them were admitted in for jujube pit. Conclusion The main cause of esophageal foreign body is jujube pit. Early diagnose and timely management is essential for the disease. How to guide the population as far as possible to avoid ingesting jujube pit wrongly and reduce the incidence of esophageal foreign body is of practical significance. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.