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It appears that there is validity in categorizing gastric carcinoma into two histologic types, intestinal and diffuse. The local host tissue response in 92.5% of cases of the intestinal type of gastric carcinoma was of an exudative nature. Diffuse gastric carcinoma in 70% of cases incited a dense productive fibrosis. Pools of mucin and large number of 'signet-ring' cells were mostly encountered in the intestinal type of carcinoma. Applying Dukes' parameters the tumour was found to be more than three times more invasive in cases of diffuse carcinoma. The prognostic bearing of the two histologic types, different host tissue response, behaviour of the tumour in terms of mucous production and local extension are discussed and it is suggested that diffuse gastric carcinoma carries a worse prognosis than the intestinal type. Study of a larger series of cases and longer follow-up with controlled treatment is essential to confirm this assessment.

A clinico-pathological study of six cases of vascular hamartoma (hœmangioma) of skeletal muscles is presented. The literature on the subject is reviewed, and the importance of the clinical differentiation of these lesions from malignant soft-tissue neoplasms is stressed.

The pathogenicity of 2 strains of Candida viswanathii has been tested in laboratory animals. One strain of the fungus, isolated from cerebrospinal fluid, caused lesions in the lungs of a rabbit and in the kidney of a mouse when inoculated intravenously and appears to be pathogenic. In the case of the second strain the limited evidence available suggests that it is non-pathogenic.

Two cases of carcinoma and renal tuberculosis occurring in the same kidney, a rare association, are reported. The tuberculous process was apparently overshadowed by the more obvious coexistent tumour, and detected as an incidental finding. A possible explanation for the extremely rare association of carcinoma and renal tuberculosis is discussed.

Eight cases of adenocystic carcinoma of the uterine cervix, a rare histologic variant, are presented, with a brief review of 41 cases previously reported in the literature. They represent only 0.27% of 3254 cervical carcinomas that we encountered between 1962 and 1977. In all eight cases, there was early parametrial involvement, and the majority behaved aggressively. All eight patients were multiparas, and six of them were postmenopausal. Interestingly, including this series, 15 of 49 reported cases of this entity have been from India.

Mycosis fungoides as a disorder of reticulo-endothelial system occurs in the eczematous or psoriatic stage, progresses to infiltrated plaque stage and finally to tumorous form with or without systemic spread. The head and neck is rarely involved. A case is presented in which the disease process started as a tumor (d'emblee type) and remained localized in the head and neck region without a generalized spread. The tumorous lesion rapidly increased in size and involved deeper tissues of the neck to cause infranuclear facial palsy and medial bulging of the tonsil' it also extended in the superior mediastinum casuing pressure on the trachea and the esophagus. The patient died of respiratory failure.

The clinical features of the giant cell tumor of the sphenoid bone have been discussed and a case report has been added to the fourteen cases reported in the literature. Such cases may first report to an ophthalmologist, an otolaryngologist, a neurologist, or an internist. They should consider this condition in a patient who complains of headache, ocular symptoms such as diplopia, and diminution of vision progressing to complete blindness. The presence of multiple cranial nerve palsies involving II, III, IV, V, and VI nerves in various combinations and the sellar erosion in the lateral x-ray of the skull are quite suggestive of this tumor which should be confirmed by biopsy. The telecobalt therapy appears to give the best results.

A patient was admitted to hospital in a state of collapse with a history of uncontrolled melcena and hcematemesis for three days. Autopsy revealed primary diffuse malignant lymphoma of the duodenum as its cause. The condition is considered worthy of record on account of its extreme rarity

Benign tumours of the epididymis, which are very rare, are variously regarded as adenomas, mesotheliomas and lymphangiomas, but an alternative opinion considers them to be of Mullerian vestigial origin. Their malignant counterparts are extremely rare, and this case is probably the second authentic instance to be reported in the English literature. Complete excision of the mass with wide resection of the cord followed by prophylactic local deep X-ray therapy has provided total relief to the patient over the year which has elapsed since these measures were undertaken.

Summary A subcutaneous filarial nodule in the breast of a female due to an adult filarial worm or worms is reported from Mangalore, India. Since Wuchereria bancrofti is endemic in this area, the parasite is regarded as probably being of this species. Pathologically the worms excited severe endolymphangitis and perilymphangitis. The cells comprising the exudate around the dead and degenerated worms (or portions thereof) were predominantly polymorphs with stray giant cells, while those around worms with better-preserved morphology (presumably alive) were numerous eosinophils, mononuclears and lymphocytes. The probable significance of this cellular variation is briefly discussed. It is stressed that filarial nodule should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of obscure subcutaneous nodules, particularly in areas endemic or hyperendemic for filariasis. Local itching seems important in these cases.

Superficial spread of invasive carcinoma cervix over the endometrial surface is extremely rare and may follow radiation therapy (3, 5). Ferenczy et al. (1) have reported an instance of carcinoma in situ of ecto cervix spreading on the endometrial surface via the endo-cervical canal. This paper reports another in situ lesion of the cervix showing superficial endometrial spread.

Carcinomatous changes in ectopia vesicae occur at an early age and in 95% instances it is adenocarcinoma. Epidermoid carcinoma of exstrophied bladder is extremely rare. It is usually of low-grade malignancy and it seldom, if ever, metastasises (Riches, 1951).