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1. Interim 2017/18 influenza seasonal vaccine effectiveness: combined results from five European studies

Author

Rondy, M, Kissling, E, Emborg, Hd, Gherasim, A, Pebody, R, Trebbien, R, Pozo, F, Larrauri, A, Mcmenamin, J, Valenciano, M, Kaic, B, Kurecic Filipovic, S, Visekruna-Vucina, V, Pem Novosel, I, Lovric, Z, Petrović, G, Krause, Tg, Fischer, Tk, Lina, B, Falchi, Antonella, Vilcu, Am, Souty, C, Blanchon, T, van der Werf, S, Enouf, V, Behillil, S, Valette, M, Bernard-Stoecklin, S, Lévy-Bruhl, D, Launay, O, Loulergue, P, Lenzi, N, Lesieur, Z, L'Honneur, As, Galtier, F, Agostini, C, Serrand, C, Merle, C, Foulongne, V, Vanhems, P, Lainé, F, Lagathu, G, Carrat, F, Buda, S, Preuss, U, Prahm, K, Schweiger, B, Wedde, M, Heider, A, Martin, M, Biere, B, Duerrwald, R, Domegan, L, Coughlan, L, O’Donnell, J, Joyce, M, Collins, C, Dunford, L, Martin Moran, Josè Manuel, Tuite, G, Duffy, M, Connell, J, de Gascun, C, Rizzo, C, Bella, A, Alfonsi, V, Castrucci, Mr, Puzelli, S, Pagani, E, Ghisetti, V, Pariani, E, Baldanti, F, Palù, G, D'Agaro, P, Ansaldi, F, Affanni, P, Rossolini, Gm, Camilloni, B, Bagnarelli, P, Sanguinetti, M, Atripaldi, L, Chironna, M, Serra, C, Vitale, F, Germinario, C, Orsi, A, Manini, I, Montomoli, E, Napoli, C, Orsi, Gb, Casado, I, Castilla, J, Fernandino, L, Martínez-Baz, I, Ezpeleta, G, Navascués, A, Pérez-García, A, Aguinaga, A, Ezpeleta, C, Meijer, A, van den Brink, S, van der Hoek, W, Goderski, G, Wijsman, L, Bagheri, M, Dijkstra, F, de Lange, M, Marzec, T, Overduin, P, Teirlinck, A, Wentink, E, Donker, G, Marbus, S, van Gageldonk- Lafeber, R, Schneeberger, P, van Oosterheert JJ, Schweitzer, V, Groeneveld, G, Nunes, B, RIBEIRO MACHADO, CARLOS AUGUSTO, Rodrigues, Ap, DIAZ GOMEZ, MARIA VANESSA, Kislaya, I, Guiomar, R, Pechirra, P, Cristóvão, P, Costa, I, Panarra, A, Côrte-Real, R, Poças, J, João Peres, M, García Comas, L, Marisquerena, Mei, Galán, Jc, Folgueira, D, Gonzalez Carril, F, Sancho Martínez, R, Cilla, G, García Cenoz, M, Quiñones Rubio, C, Martinez Ochoa, E, Blasco, M, Gimenez Duran, J, Vanrell, Jm, Reina, J, Castrillejo, D, Gherasim, Am, Delgado, C, Oliva, J, Casas, I, García, M, Latorre, M, Milagro Beamonte AM, Martinez Sapiñ, A, Oribe Amores, M, Aizpurúa, A, Montes, Marco, Zakikhany, K, Brytting, M, Wiman, Å, Carnahan, A, Warburton, F, Djennad, A, Ellis, J, Andrews, N, Marques, D, Cottrell, S, Reynolds, Alexander, Gunson, R, Galiano, M, Lackenby, A, Robertson, C, O’Doherty, M, Sinnathamby, M, Yonova, I, Moore, C, Sartaj, M, de Lusignan, S, Zambon, M, Moren, A, Penttinen, P., Unión Europea, EpiConcept [Paris], Statens Serum Institut [Copenhagen], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Rondy M., Kissling E., Emborg H.-D., Gherasim A., Pebody R., Trebbien R., Pozo F., Larrauri A., McMenamin J., Valenciano M., Kaic B., Filipovic S.K., Visekruna-Vucina V., Novosel I.P., Lovric Z., Petrovic G., Krause T.G., Fische T.K., Lina B., Falchi A., Vilcu A.-M., Souty C., Blanchon T., van der Werf S., Enouf V., Behillil S., Valette M., Bernard-Stoecklin S., Levy-Bruhl D., Launay O., Loulergue P., Lenzi N., Lesieur Z., L'Honneur A.-S., Galtier F., Agostini C., Serrand C., Merle C., Foulongne V., Vanhems P., Laine F., Lagathu G., Carrat F., Buda S., Preuss U., Prahm K., Schweiger B., Wedde M., Heider A., Martin M., Biere B., Duerrwald R., Domegan L., Coughlan L., O'Donnell J., Joyce M., Collins C., Dunford L., Moran J., Tuite G., Duffy M., Connell J., de Gascun C., Rizzo C., Bella A., Alfonsi V., Castrucci M.R., Puzelli S., Pagani E., Ghisetti V., Pariani E., Baldanti F., Palu G., D'Agaro P., Ansaldi F., Affanni P., Rossolini G.M., Camilloni B., Bagnarelli P., Sanguinetti M., Atripaldi L., Chironna M., Serra C., Vitale F., Germinario C., Orsi A., Manini I., Montomoli E., Napoli C., Orsi G.B., Casado I., Castilla J., Fernandino L., Martinez-Baz I., Ezpeleta G., Navascues A., Perez-Garcia A., Aguinaga A., Ezpeleta C., Meijer A., van den Brink S., van der Hoek W., Goderski G., Wijsman L., Bagheri M., Dijkstra F., de Lange M., Marzec T., Overduin P., Teirlinck A., Wentink E., Donker G., Marbus S., van Gageldonk-Lafeber R., Schneeberger P., van Oosterheert J.J., Schweitzer V., Groeneveld G., Nunes B., Machado A., Rodrigues A.P., Gomez V., Kislaya I., Guiomar R., Pechirra P., Cristovao P., Costa I., Panarra A., Corte-Real R., Pocas J., Peres M.J., Comas L.G., Marisquerena M.E.I., Galan J.C., Folgueira M.D., Carril F.G., Martinez R.S., Cilla G., Cenoz M.G., Rubio C.Q., Ochoa E.M., Blasco M., Duran J.G., Vanrell J.M., Reina J., Castrillejo D., Gherasim A.M., Delgado C., Oliva J., Casas I., Garcia M., Latorre M., Beamonte A.M.M., Sapina A.M., Amores M.O., Aizpurua A., Montes M., Zakikhany K., Brytting M., Wiman A., Carnahan A., Warburton F., Djennad A., Ellis J., Andrews N., Marques D., Cottrell S., Reynolds A., Gunson R., Galiano M., Lackenby A., Robertson C., O'Doherty M., Sinnathamby M., Yonova I., Moore C., Sartaj M., de Lusignan S., Zambon M., Moren A., Penttinen P., Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Marc, Rondy, Esther, Kissling, Hanne-Dorthe, Emborg, Alin, Gherasim, Richard, Pebody, Ramona, Trebbien, Francisco, Pozo, Amparo, Larrauri, Jim, Mcmenamin, Marta, Valenciano, D'Agaro, Pierlanfranco, De Lusignan, S, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier )-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, viruses, Influenza B viru, influenza, influenza vaccine effectiveness, influenza vaccination, case control study, multicentre study, Europe, Europe, case control study, influenza, influenza vaccination, influenza vaccine effectiveness, multicentre study, 0302 clinical medicine, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Interim, Pandemic, Influenza A Virus, 030212 general & internal medicine, QA, Influenza vaccine effectiveness, Child, media_common, Vaccine Effectiveness, Vaccination, virus diseases, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Influenza Vaccines, Child, Preschool, H3N2 Subtype, Female, Seasons, Influenza Vaccine, Rapid Communication, Human, Adult, RM, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Influenza vaccine, 030106 microbiology, Case control study, Multicentre study, European studies, Settore MED/07 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Influenza, Human, medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, Humans, H1N1 Subtype, Vacina Antigripal, European Union, European union, Preschool, Pandemics, Aged, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Cuidados de Saúde, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Influenza a, influenza vaccine effectivene, Newborn, Influenza, respiratory tract diseases, Influenza vaccination, Influenza B virus, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Determinantes da Saúde e da Doença, [SDV.IMM.VAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Vaccinology
Abstract

Between September 2017 and February 2018, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B viruses (mainly B/Yamagata, not included in 2017/18 trivalent vaccines) co-circulated in Europe. Interim results from five European studies indicate that, in all age groups, 2017/18 influenza vaccine effectiveness was 25 to 52% against any influenza, 55 to 68% against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, -42 to 7% against influenza A(H3N2) and 36 to 54% against influenza B. 2017/18 influenza vaccine should be promoted where influenza still circulates. Funding: The five studies have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 634446 to conduct the study in individuals aged 65 years or more. ECDC has contributed to fund some study sites of the EU-PC study under the Framework contract No ECDC/2014/026 for the individuals aged less than 65 years. All study teams are very grateful to all patients, general practitioners, paediatricians, hospital teams, laboratory teams, regional epidemiologists who have contributed to the studies. We acknowledge the authors, originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GISAID’s EpiFlu Database used for this study. All submitters of data may be contacted directly via the GISAID website www.gisaid.org Sí

Published
2018

2. Twenty-nine Cases of Enterovirus-D68-associated Acute Flaccid Myelitis in Europe 2016: A Case Series and Epidemiologic Overview

Author

Knoester, Marjolein, Helfferich, J, Poelman, Randy, Van Leer-Buter, Coretta, Brouwer, OF, Niesters, Hubert G.M., Aberle, SW, Popow-Kraupp, T, Nikolaeva-Glomb, L, Rainetova, P, Midgley, Sofie, Fischer, T.K., Simonlatser, G, Savolainen-Kopra, Carita, Lina, Bruno, Shuffenecker, I, Kossorotoff, M, Antona, D, Eis-Hübinger, Anna M., Buderus, S, Panning, Marcus, Nowotny, Marlene, Kiechle, L, Böttcher, S, Takács, Monika, Farkas, Árpád, Love, A, Baldanti, Fausto, Piralla, Antonio, Capobianchi, Maria R, Valli, Mats, Esposito, S, Pariani, E, Binda, S, Neuteboom, R, Pas, Suzan D., Benschop, Kimberley, Meijer, A, Nordbø, SA, Hafström, Maria, Dudman, Susanne Gjeruldsen, Pfeiffer, H, Guiomar, R, Palminha, P, Costa, I, Dias, Assembayev, Tecu, C, Cherciu, CM, Lazarevic, Ivana, Filipovic-Vignjevic, S, Berginc, Natasa, Marguello, MG, Cabrerizo, Maria, Garcia-Iniguez, JP, Perez-Castro, S, Rodrigo, CP, Antón, Annie, Rabella, N, Dyrdak, Robert, Albert, J, Kramer, R.B.G., Stacpoole, S, Thomas, R, O'Flaherty, N, Drew, RA, Templeton, K, McDougall, Craig, Eunson, Paul, Chinchankar, N, Shetty, J, Moore, Catherine, and Williams, C

Subjects
Male, Baclofen, PARALYSIS, viruses, OUTBREAK, Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e Applicata, Respiratory System, ENTEROVIRUS D68 INFECTION, CHILDREN, medicine.disease_cause, Pediatrics, Original Studies, Disease Outbreaks, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, EV-D68, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, UPPER RESPIRATORY-TRACT, AUGUST, Enterovirus D, Human, enterovirus, Respiratory disease, virus diseases, Neuromuscular Diseases, Middle Aged, Perinatology and Child Health, Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, Europe, medicine.anatomical_structure, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Muscle Hypotonia, Respiratory virus, Female, Rhinovirus, NEUROLOGICAL ILLNESS, laboratory surveillance, Adult, Microbiology (medical), Adolescent, Picornaviridae, Enterovirus D, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, myelitis, 030225 pediatrics, Enterovirus Infections, Humans, IDENTIFICATION, business.industry, Infant, enterovirus D68, CLUSTER, medicine.disease, Virology, Acute flaccid myelitis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Central Nervous System Viral Diseases, Deglutition Disorders, business, Enterovirus D68, Respiratory tract
Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Background: Enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) is a respiratory virus within the genus Enterovirus and the family of Picornaviridae. Genetically, it is closely related to rhinovirus that replicates in the respiratory tract and causes respiratory disease. Since 2014, EV-D68 has been associated with the neurologic syndrome of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Methods: In October 2016, questionnaires were sent out to a European network including 66 virologists and clinicians, to develop an inventory of EV-D68–associated AFM cases in Europe. Clinical and virologic information of case patients was requested. In addition, epidemiologic information on EV testing was collected for the period between March and October 2016. Results: Twenty-nine cases of EV-D68–associated AFM were identified, from 12 different European countries. Five originated from France, 5 from Scotland and 3 each from Sweden, Norway and Spain. Twenty-six were children (median age 3.8 years), 3 were adults. EV-D68 was detected in respiratory materials (n = 27), feces (n = 8) and/or cerebrospinal fluid (n = 2). Common clinical features were asymmetric flaccid limb weakness, cranial nerve deficits and bulbar symptoms. On magnetic resonance imaging, typical findings were hyperintensity of the central cord and/or brainstem; low motor amplitudes with normal conduction velocities were seen on electromyography. Full clinical recovery was rare (n = 3), and 2 patients died. The epidemiologic data from 16 European laboratories showed that of all EV-D68–positive samples, 99% was detected in a respiratory specimen. Conclusions: For 2016, 29 EV-D68–related AFM cases were identified in mostly Western Europe. This is likely an underestimation, because case identification is dependent on awareness among clinicians, adequate viral diagnostics on respiratory samples and the capability of laboratories to type EVs.

Published
2019

3. Age-specific differences in influenza virus type and subtype distribution in the 2012/2013 season in 12 European countries

Author

Beauté, J, Zucs, P, Korsun, N, Bragstad, K, Enouf, V, Kossyvakis, A, Griškevičius, A, Olinger, C M, Meijer, A, Guiomar, R, Prosenc, K, Staroňová, E, Delgado-Sanz, Concepcion, Brytting, M, Broberg, E, European Influenza Surveillance Network, Conde-San Román, Patricia, Jimenez-Jorge, Silvia, and Casas Flecha, Inmaculada

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Orthomyxoviridae, Distribution (economics), surveillance system, Virus, Seasonal influenza, influenza (seasonal), respiratory infections, Young Adult, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, Young adult, Child, Surveillance system, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Surveillance, biology, business.industry, Age Factors, Infant, Newborn, Respiratory infections, virus diseases, Infant, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, Age specific, Virology, Original Papers, Influenza, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Virus type, Child, Preschool, surveillance, Female, Influenza (seasonal), business, Demography
Abstract

SUMMARYThe epidemiology of seasonal influenza is influenced by age. During the influenza season, the European Influenza Surveillance Network (EISN) reports weekly virological and syndromic surveillance data [mostly influenza-like illness (ILI)] based on national networks of sentinel primary-care providers. Aggregated numbers by age group are available for ILI, but not linked to the virological data. At the end of the influenza season 2012/2013, all EISN laboratories were invited to submit a subset of their virological data for this season, including information on age. The analysis by age group suggests that the overall distribution of circulating (sub)types may mask substantial differences between age groups. Thus, in cases aged 5–14 years, 75% tested positive for influenza B virus whereas all other age groups had an even distribution of influenza A and B viruses. This means that the intepretation of syndromic surveillance data without age group-specific virological data may be misleading. Surveillance at the European level would benefit from the reporting of age-specific influenza data.

Published
2015

4. Laboratory capability and surveillance testing for middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the who European region, June 2013

Author

Pereyaslov, D., Rosin, P., Palm, D., Zeller, H., Gross, D., Brown, C. S., Struelens, M. J., Robo, A., Hatibi, I. H., Alis, J. C., Sargsyan, S., Gurbanov, S., Gribkova, N., Ranst, M., Ieven, G., Patteet, S., Tomic, S., Korsun, N., Drazenovic, V., Pieridou-Bagkatzouni, D., Jirincova, H., Havlickova, M., Fomsgaard, A., Rae, K., Lappalainen, M., Ikonen, N., Lina, B., Sylvie van der WERF, Manuguerra, J. -C, Machablishvili, A., Eickmann, M., Wolff, T., Dobler, G., Schmidt-Chanasit, J., Drosten, C., Papa, A., Mentis, A. F., Kis, Z., Löve, A., Coughlan, S., Mandelboim, M., Capobianchi, M. R., Landini, M. P., Baldanti, F., Palu, G., Ghisetti, V., Donatelli, I., Nusupbayeva, G., Tokhtabakiyeva, Z., Kasymbekova, K., Storozenko, J., Erne, S., Griskevicius, A., Opp, M., Barbara, C., Vratnica, Z., Reusken, C., Dudman, S. G., Hungnes, O., Pancer, K., Guiomar, R., Eder, V., Lupulescu, E., Yatsyshina, S., Pisareva, M., Buzitskaya, Z., Sergeev, A., Nedeljković, J., Staroňová, E., Županc, T. A., Petrovec, M., Korva, M., Prosenc, K., Casas, I., Gaines, H., Cherpillod, P., Zakirova, N., Bosevska, G., Altas, B., Ciblak, M., Mironenko, A., Dykhanovska, T., Demchyshyna, I., Bermingham, A., Rakhimov, R., Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [Stockholm, Sweden] (ECDC), Experts of the MERS-CoV Working Group Members of this working group who provided survey data: Albania: Alma Robo, Iris Hasibra (Hatibi), Institute of Public Health, Tirana Andorra: Josep Casals Alis, Ministry of Health, Welfare and Labour, Andorra la Vella Armenia: Shushan Sargsyan, Virology Laboratory, Centre for Diseases Control and Prevention, Yerevan Austria: Stephan Aberle, Department of Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Azerbaijan: Sadraddin Gurbanov, National Virology Laboratory, National Anti-Plague Station, Baku Belarus: Natalia Gribkova, Laboratory for Influenza and Influenza-like Diseases, Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk Belgium: Marc Van Ranst, Greet Ieven and Sophie Patteet, National Reference Centre of Respiratory Viruses, University Hospital Leuven and UZA Antwerpen, Antwerpen Bosnia and Herzegovina: Stanka Tomic, Microbiology Department, Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka Bulgaria: Neli Korsun, National Laboratory 'Influenza and ARD', Department of Virology, National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia Croatia: Vladimir Drazenovic, National Influenza Centre, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb Cyprus: Despo Pieridou-Bagkatzouni, Microbiology Department, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia Czech Republic: Helena Jirincova, Martina Havlickova, National Reference Laboratory for Influenza, National Institute for Public Health, Prague Denmark: Anders Fomsgaard, Virus Research and Development Laboratory, Department Microbiology Diagnostic and Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen Estonia: Külli Rae, Laboratory of Communicable Diseases, Health Board, Tallinn Finland: Maija Lappalainen, Department of Virology and Immunology, Helsinki University Hospital, Laboratory Services (HUSLAB) and Niina Ikonen, Virology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki France: Bruno Lina, Centre National de Référence des Virus Influenza – HCL, Lyon and Sylvie van der Werf, Unit of Molecular Genetics of RNA viruses, Institut Pasteur and Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Cellule d’Intervention Biologique d’Urgence (CIBU), Institut Pasteur, Paris Georgia: Ann Machablishvili, National Influenza Centre, National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi Germany: Markus Eickmann, Institut für Virologie der Philipps-Universität in Marburg and Thorsten Wolff, Div of Influenza and other Respiratory viruses, Robert Koch-Institut, and Dr. Gerhard Dobler, Bundeswehr Instittue of Microbiology, and Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit, WHOCC for Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research at Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, and Christian Drosten, Virology Institute, Bonn Greece: Anna Papa, National Reference Laboratory for Arboviruses and Hemorrhagic Fever viruses, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki and Andreas F. Mentis, National Influenza Reference Laboratory of Southern Greece/Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens Hungary: Zoltan Kis, Department for Respiratory Viruses / National Biosafety Laboratory, B. Johan National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest Iceland: Arthur Löve, Department of Virology, Landspitali- National University Hospital, Reykjavik Ireland: Suzie Coughlan, National Virus Reference Laboratory/University College Dublin, Dublin Israel: Michal Mandelboim, Central Virology Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer Italy: Maria R. Capobianchi, Laboratory of Virology/National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, and Maria Paola Landini, Regional Center for Emerging Infections (CRREM)/ Unit of Clinical Microbiology, St. Orsola General Hospital, Bologna, and Fausto Baldanti, Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, and Giorgio Palu, Microbiology and Virology/Padova University Hospital, and Valeria Ghisetti, Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Torino, and Isabella Donatelli, National Influenza Centre, Instituto Superiore di Sanita, Kazakhstan: Gaukhar Nusupbayeva, Zarina Tokhtabakiyeva, National Reference Laboratory on Control of Viral Infections, Scientifical-Practical Center of Sanitary and Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring, Almaty Kyrgyzstan: Kaliya Kasymbekova, Centre of Molecular-Genetic and Microbiological Investigations, Department of State Sanitary Epidemiological Surveillance, Bishkek Latvia: Jelena Storozenko, Riga East University Hospital, Latvian Centre of Infectious Diseases, National Microbiology Reference Laboratory, Riga Liechtenstein: Sabine Erne, Office of Public Health, Country Administration of Principality of Liechtenstein Lithuania: Algirdas Griskevicius, National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory, Vilnius Luxembourg: Matthias Opp, Laboratoire National de Santé, Luxembourg Malta: Christopher Barbara, Pathology Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida Montenegro: Zoran Vratnica, Centre for Medical Microbiology, Public Health Institute of Montenegro, Podgorica Netherlands: Chantal Reusken, Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Screening, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven Norway: Susanne Gjeruldsen Dudman and Olav Hungnes, Department of Virology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo Poland: Katarzyna Pancer, National Institute of Public Health- National Institute of Hygiene, Department of Virology, Warsaw Portugal: Raquel Guiomar, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute of Health, Lisboa Republic of Moldova: Veronica Eder, Laboratory of Viral Respiratory Infections, National Center for Public Health, Chisinau Romania: Emilia Lupulescu, Laboratory for Respiratory Viruses/ NIRDMI Cantacuzino, Bucharest Russian Federation: Svetlana Yatsyshina, Reference Centre for Infection Agents, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology (CRIE), Rospotrebnadzor, Moscow, and Maria Pisareva and Zhanna Buzitskaya, Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Research Institute of Influenza, St Petersburg, and Alexander Sergeev, State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Novosibirsk Serbia: Jasminka Nedeljković, Respiratory Department, Torlak Institute of Immunology and Virology, Belgrade Slovakia: Edita Staroňová, National Influenza Center/Public Health Authority, Bratislava Slovenia: Tatjana Avšič Županc, Miroslav Petrovec, Miša Korva, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, and Katarina Prosenc, Laboratory for Virology, National Public Health Institute Slovenia, Ljubljana Spain: Inmaculada Casas, Influenza National Reference Laboratory, National Influenza Center-Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid and Ramon Cisterna Clinical microbiology and infection control, Hospital Basurto Bilbao Spain Sweden: Hans Gaines, Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control, Stockholm Switzerland: Pascal Cherpillod, National Reference Centre for Emerging Viral Infections, Laboratory of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva Tajikistan: Niginamo Zakirova, Virology Laboratory, State Sanitary-Epidemiological Surveillance, Dushanbe The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: Golubinka Bosevska, Laboratory for Virology and Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Public Health, Skopje Turkey: Basak Altas, National Influenza Centre, Virology Reference and Research Laboratory, Public Health Institutions of Turkey, Ankara, and Meral Ciblak, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul Turkmenistan: Central Reference Laboratory, Sanitary Epidemiologic Service, Ashgabat Ukraine: Alla Mironenko, National Influenza Centre, L.V.Gromashevsky Institute of Epidemiology & Infectious diseases NAMS, and Tetiana Dykhanovska and Iryna Demchyshyna, Centre of influenza and ARVI, Central Sanitary and Epidemiological Station, Kiev United Kingdom: Alison Bermingham, Respiratory Virus Unit, Virus Reference Department, Public Health England, London Uzbekistan: Ravshan Rakhimov, National Influenza Centre, Institute of Virology, Tashkent., and We thank the ECDC National Microbiology Focal Points in EU/EEA countries, focal points from laboratories of the EuroFlu and ENIVD networks for coordinating data collection and for dedicated and rapid responses to the surveys.

Subjects
Epidemiology, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SARS (Disease), MERS (Disease), medicine.disease_cause, World Health Organization, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, World health, Viral genetics, Coronavirus infections -- Laboratory manuals, Environmental protection, Virology, Environmental health, medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, Humans, European Union, European union, Coronavirus, media_common, Middle East, business.industry, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Reference Standards, European region, Health Surveys, Diseases -- Causes and theories of causation, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, RNA, Viral, Disease prevention, business, Coronavirus Infections, Laboratories, Sentinel Surveillance, Sequence Analysis
Abstract

Since September 2012, over 90 cases of respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus, now named Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), have been reported in the Middle East and Europe. To ascertain the capabilities and testing experience of national reference laboratories across the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region to detect this virus, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the WHO Regional Office for Europe conducted a joint survey in November 2012 and a follow-up survey in June 2013. In 2013, 29 of 52 responding WHO European Region countries and 24 of 31 countries of the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) had laboratory capabilities to detect and confirm MERS-CoV cases, compared with 22 of 46 and 18 of 30 countries, respectively, in 2012. By June 2013, more than 2,300 patients had been tested in 23 countries in the WHO European Region with nine laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases. These data indicate that the Region has developed significant capability to detect this emerging virus in accordance with WHO and ECDC guidance. However, not all countries had developed capabilities, and the needs to do so should be addressed. This includes enhancing collaborations between countries to ensure diagnostic capabilities for surveillance of MERS-CoV infections across the European Region., peer-reviewed

Published
2014

5. Different transmission patterns in the early stages of the influenza A(H1N1) v pandemic: A comparative analysis of 12 European countries

Author

Flasche, S, Hens, N, Boelle, Py, Mossong, J, van Ballegooijen WM, Nunes, B, Rizzo, C, Popovici, F, Santa-Olalla, P, Hruba, F, Parmakova, K, Baguelin, M, van Hoek AJ, Desenclos, Jc, Bernillon, P, Camara, Al, Wallinga, J, Asikainen, T, White, Pj, Edmunds, Wj, Arias, P, Avdicova, M, Bella, A, Bermingham, A, Carreira, M, Catarino, J, Cucuiu, R, Declich, S, Dias, C, Donker, T, Even, J, Fonteneau, L, Furtado, C, Gastellu-Etchegorry, M, Guiomar, R, Gutierrez, I, Hahne, Sj, van der Hoek, W, van den Kerkhof, H, Kremer, J, Koopmans, M, Kurchatova, A, Leon, L, van der Lubben MI, Ontanon, Sd, Meijer, A, Nogueira, P, Opp, M, Paixao, E, Pebody, R, Pistol, A, Van Ranst, M, Robesyn, E, Rota, Mc, Reichert, P, Salmaso, S, van der Sande MA, Schutte, M, Moros, Mjs, van Steenbergen, J, Vaux, S, and Weicherding, P

Subjects
Male, Extinction probability, Epidemiology, medicine.disease_cause, Disease Outbreaks, law.invention, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, law, Pandemic, Influenza A virus, Swine-origin influenza A H1N1 virus, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Holidays, 0303 health sciences, Schools, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Regression analysis, Middle Aged, humanities, 3. Good health, Statistical models, Europe, Transmission (mechanics), Infectious Diseases, Regression Analysis, Seasons, Adult, Adolescent, Doenças Evitáveis pela Vacinação, Microbiology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Age Distribution, Mixing patterns, Virology, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, Epidemiologia, Social Behavior, Weather, Pandemics, 030304 developmental biology, Absolute humidity, Extinction, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Seasonality, Estados de Saúde e de Doença, medicine.disease, Parasitology, business, Demography
Abstract

Following the emergence of a novel strain of influenza A(H1N1) in Mexico and the United States in April 2009, its epidemiology in Europe during the summer was limited to sporadic and localised outbreaks. Only the United Kingdom experienced widespread transmission declining with school holidays in late July. Using statistical modelling where applicable we explored the following causes that could explain this surprising difference in transmission dynamics: extinction by chance, differences in the susceptibility profile, age distribution of the imported cases, differences in contact patterns, mitigation strategies, school holidays and weather patterns. No single factor was able to explain the differences sufficiently. Hence an additive mixed model was used to model the country-specific weekly estimates of the effective reproductive number using the extinction probability, school holidays and weather patterns as explanatory variables. The average extinction probability, its trend and the trend in absolute humidity were found to be significantly negatively correlated with the effective reproduction number - although they could only explain about 3% of the variability in the model. By comparing the initial epidemiology of influenza A (H1N1) across different European countries, our analysis was able to uncover a possible role for the timing of importations (extinction probability), mixing patterns and the absolute humidity as underlying factors. However, much uncertainty remains. With better information on the role of these epidemiological factors, the control of influenza could be improved. UK Medical Research Council for Centre funding;European PCRD 7 (Flumodcont); Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT), project number 060081 and by the IAP research network nr P6/03 of the Belgian Government (Belgian Science Policy)

Published
2011

6. Summer decapod crustacean larval communities along the eastern Spanish Mediterranean coast.

Author

Marta Carreton, Guiomar Rotllant, Diego Castejón, Nixon Bahamón, and Joan B Company

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Decapod crustaceans are a diverse group englobing several species of commercial and ecological interest. In the Mediterranean Sea, decapod crustacean fisheries are among the most profitable, although in many cases their early life stages are poorly known. In this study, we tackle the composition and diversity patterns of the decapod larval communities along the eastern Spanish Mediterranean coast. Zooplankton sampling was carried out in surface waters at 101 stations from July 20th to August 31st 2016, over bottom depths between 90 and 1840 m. All shrimp larvae were identified to the lowest possible taxonomical level, and larvae from Anomura, Achelata and Brachyura were left at infraorder level. No larvae of Astacidea or Polychelida were found. The total zooplankton volume was estimated. A total of 20,022 decapod crustacean larvae were identified, focusing on shrimp taxa (suborder Dendrobranchiata and infraorder Caridea). Both zooplankton volume and decapod larval density values were higher in the northern part of the studied area, cut by deep submarine canyons. After assessing the diversity parameters of the decapod larval community, we present the summer mesoscale larval distribution of several species of commercial interest such as the caramote prawn (Penaeus kerathurus) or the deep-water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris). The northern submarine canyons are dominated by the presence of Penaeoidea, being the deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus the dominant species in the community in this area, while the Sergestoidea are more abundant in the southern zone. This is the largest-scale study on decapod larvae mesoscale distribution in the Mediterranean Sea.

Published
2022
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7. Modeled buoyancy of eggs and larvae of the deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus (Crustacea: Decapoda) in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea.

Author

Morane Clavel-Henry, Jordi Solé, Trond Kristiansen, Nixon Bahamon, Guiomar Rotllant, and Joan B Company

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Information on the buoyancy of eggs and larvae from deep-sea species is rare but necessary for explaining the position of non-swimming larvae in the water column. Due to embryonic morphology and ecology diversities, egg buoyancy has important variations within one species and among other ones. Nevertheless, it has hardly been explored if this buoyancy variability can be a strategy for deep-sea larvae to optimize their transport beyond their spawning areas. In the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, protozoea and mysis larvae of the commercial deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus were recently found in upper layers, but to present, earlier stages like eggs and nauplii have not been collected. Using a Lagrangian transport model and larval characteristics, we evaluate the buoyancy and hydrodynamic effects on the transport of A. antennatus' larvae in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. The transport models suggested that 75% of buoyant eggs released between 500 and 800 m depth (i.e., known spawning area), reached the upper water layers (0-75 m depth). Then, according to the modeled larval drifts, three spawning regions were defined in the studied area: 1) the northern part, along a continental margin crossed by large submarine canyons; 2) the central part, with two circular circulation structures (i.e., eddies); and 3) the southern part, with currents flowing through a channel. The number of larvae in the most upper layer (0-5 m depth) was higher if the larval transport model accounted for the ascent of eggs and nauplii (81%) instead of eggs reaching the surface before hatching (50%). The larvae reaching the most water upper layer (0-5 m depth) had higher rates of dispersal than the ones transported below the surface layer (deeper than 5 m depth). The results of larval dispersal simulations have implications for the understanding of A. antennatus larval ecology and for management decisions related to the shrimp fisheries in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea.

Published
2020
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8. Morphological identification and molecular confirmation of the deep-sea blue and red shrimp Aristeus antennatus larvae

Author

Marta Carreton, Joan B. Company, Laia Planella, Sandra Heras, José-Luis García-Marín, Melania Agulló, Morane Clavel-Henry, Guiomar Rotllant, Antonina dos Santos, and María Inés Roldán

Subjects
Aristeus antennatus, Molecular identification, SEM, Blue and red shrimp, Larvae, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The early life stages of the blue and red shrimp Aristeus antennatus (Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata: Penaeoidea: Aristeidae) were described by Heldt in 1955 based on plankton samples, larval rearing and assumptions of species habitat. Even with adequate keys, identification of its first larval stages remained a difficult task due to the lack of specific morphological characters which would differentiate them from other Penaeoidea species. Larvae of Aristeus antennatus were collected in the continental slope off the Spanish Mediterranean coast in August 2016 with a neuston net and preserved in ethanol 96%. DNA from the larvae was extracted and the molecular markers Cytochrome Oxidase I and 16S rDNA were sequenced and compared to that of adults with the objective of confirming the previous morphological description. Then, we present additional information to the morphological description of Aristeus antennatus larval stages through scanning electron microscopy and molecular analysis. This represents the first documented occurrence of Aristeus antennatus larvae off the Catalan coast and sets the grounds for further work on larval ecology and population connectivity of the species, which is an important contribution to a more sustainable fishery.

Published
2019
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9. Identification, Characterization, and Diel Pattern of Expression of Canonical Clock Genes in Nephrops norvegicus (Crustacea: Decapoda) Eyestalk.

Author

Valerio Sbragaglia, Francesco Lamanna, Audrey M Mat, Guiomar Rotllant, Silvia Joly, Valerio Ketmaier, Horacio O de la Iglesia, and Jacopo Aguzzi

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, is a burrowing decapod with a rhythmic burrow emergence (24 h) governed by the circadian system. It is an important resource for European fisheries and its behavior deeply affects its availability. The current knowledge of Nephrops circadian biology is phenomenological as it is currently the case for almost all crustaceans. In attempt to elucidate the putative molecular mechanisms underlying circadian gene regulation in Nephrops, we used a transcriptomics approach on cDNA extracted from the eyestalk, a structure playing a crucial role in controlling behavior of decapods. We studied 14 male lobsters under 12-12 light-darkness blue light cycle. We used the Hiseq 2000 Illumina platform to sequence two eyestalk libraries (under light and darkness conditions) obtaining about 90 millions 100-bp paired-end reads. Trinity was used for the de novo reconstruction of transcriptomes; the size at which half of all assembled bases reside in contigs (N50) was equal to 1796 (light) and 2055 (darkness). We found a list of candidate clock genes and focused our attention on canonical ones: timeless, period, clock and bmal1. The cloning of assembled fragments validated Trinity outputs. The putative Nephrops clock genes showed high levels of identity (blastx on NCBI) with known crustacean clock gene homologs such as Eurydice pulchra (period: 47%, timeless: 59%, bmal1: 79%) and Macrobrachium rosenbergii (clock: 100%). We also found a vertebrate-like cryptochrome 2. RT-qPCR showed that only timeless had a robust diel pattern of expression. Our data are in accordance with the current knowledge of the crustacean circadian clock, reinforcing the idea that the molecular clockwork of this group shows some differences with the established model in Drosophila melanogaster.

Published
2015
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