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36 results on '"Frédérique Béna"'

1. A teratocarcinoma-like human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line and four hESC lines reveal potentially oncogenic genomic changes.

Author

Outi Hovatta, Marisa Jaconi, Virpi Töhönen, Frédérique Béna, Stefania Gimelli, Alexis Bosman, Frida Holm, Stefan Wyder, Evgeny M Zdobnov, Olivier Irion, Peter W Andrews, Stylianos E Antonarakis, Marco Zucchelli, Juha Kere, and Anis Feki

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The first Swiss human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line, CH-ES1, has shown features of a malignant cell line. It originated from the only single blastomere that survived cryopreservation of an embryo, and it more closely resembles teratocarcinoma lines than other hESC lines with respect to its abnormal karyotype and its formation of invasive tumors when injected into SCID mice. The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular basis of the oncogenicity of CH-ES1 cells, we looked for abnormal chromosomal copy number (by array Comparative Genomic Hybridization, aCGH) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To see how unique these changes were, we compared these results to data collected from the 2102Ep teratocarcinoma line and four hESC lines (H1, HS293, HS401 and SIVF-02) which displayed normal G-banding result. We identified genomic gains and losses in CH-ES1, including gains in areas containing several oncogenes. These features are similar to those observed in teratocarcinomas, and this explains the high malignancy. The CH-ES1 line was trisomic for chromosomes 1, 9, 12, 17, 19, 20 and X. Also the karyotypically (based on G-banding) normal hESC lines were also found to have several genomic changes that involved genes with known roles in cancer. The largest changes were found in the H1 line at passage number 56, when large 5 Mb duplications in chromosomes 1q32.2 and 22q12.2 were detected, but the losses and gains were seen already at passage 22. These changes found in the other lines highlight the importance of assessing the acquisition of genetic changes by hESCs before their use in regenerative medicine applications. They also point to the possibility that the acquisition of genetic changes by ESCs in culture may be used to explore certain aspects of the mechanisms regulating oncogenesis.

Published
2010
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2. Genetic contributors to risk of schizophrenia in the presence of a 22q11.2 deletion

Author

Richard Duncan, Tao Wang, Carrie E. Bearden, David J. Cutler, Stephen T. Warren, Maria Pontillo, Robert Sean Gallagher, Elemi J. Breetvelt, Tingwei Guo, Nancy J. Butcher, Jennifer G. Mulle, Claudia Ornstein, Claudia Vingerhoets, Clodagh M. Murphy, Ehud Mekori-Domachevsky, Wendy R. Kates, Jacob A. S. Vorstman, Tracy Heung, Joris Vermeesch, Maria Gudbrandsen, Ann Swillen, H. Richard Johnston, Oanh Tran, Marco Armando, Joseph F. Cubells, Raoul Belzeaux, Jeroen Breckpot, Bruno Marino, Tony J. Simon, Harold I. Salmons, Maria Jalbrzikowski, Wanda Fremont, Anna J. Voss, Worrawat Engchuan, Opal Y. Ousley, Stefano Vicari, Jordi Rosell, Sixto García-Miñaur, Declan G. Murphy, Alexander Diacou, Ania Fiksinski, Abraham Weizman, Edward Moss, Stephan Eliez, Miri Carmel, Vandana Shashi, Anne S. Bassett, Ronnie Weinberger, Hayley Moss, Marianne Bernadette van den Bree, Kelly Schoch, Maude Schneider, Linda E. Campbell, Sasja N. Duijff, Eileen Daly, Annick Vogels, Stephen R. Hooper, David Fraguas, Sarah E. Prasad, Chelsea Lowther, Michael John Owen, Frédérique Béna, Gabriela M. Repetto, Eva W.C. Chow, Bernice E. Morrow, Robert J. Sharkus, Celso Arango, Christian R. Marshall, Jasna Raventos-Simic, Jaume Morey-Canyelles, Tiffany Busa, Andrea Jin, James T.R. Walters, Leila Kushan, Wolfram Demaerel, Monica E. Calkins, Jhih Rong Lin, Elaine H. Zackai, Esther D.A. van Duin, Antonio Buzzanca, Corrado Sandini, Kieran C. Murphy, Beverly S. Emanuel, Erik Boot, Maria Niarchou, Nigel Williams, Elfi Vergaelen, Maria Cristina Digilio, Daniele Merico, Karlene Coleman, Gregory A. Costain, Matthew S. Hestand, Peter Holmans, Michael E. Zwick, Michael P. Epstein, Damià H. Suñer, Yingjie Zhao, Marta Unolt, Kathryn McCabe, Aaron M. Holleman, Zhengdong Zhang, Rosemarie Fritsch, Alex V. Kotlar, Elena Michaelovsky, T. Blaine Crowley, Brenna Lilley, Sunny X. Tang, Rens Evers, Ruben C. Gur, Isabelle Cleynen, Flora Tassone, Nicole Philip, Kevin M. Antshel, Koen Devriendt, Antonio F. Pardiñas, Pankaj Chopra, Thomas Monfeuga, Fabio Di Fabio, Therese van Amelsvoort, Aaron Golden, Doron Gothelf, Donna M. McDonald-McGinn, Raquel E. Gur, Daniel E. McGinn, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids), Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Cardiff University, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], University of Toronto, University Medical Center [Utrecht], University of California, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Emory University School of Medicine, University Health Network, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health [Toronto] (CAMH), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Universidad de Chile, Clínica Alemana & Universidad del Desarrollo, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), King‘s College London, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù [Rome, Italie], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital [Tel-Hahsomer, Israel], University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Syracuse University, SUNY Upstate Medical University, State University of New York (SUNY), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone [Marseille], Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Newcastle [Australia] (UoN), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Duke University School of Medicine, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), La Paz University Hospital, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, University of Pennsylvania, University of California (UC), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), University of Newcastle [Callaghan, Australia] (UoN), Caugant, Julien, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, and MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Psychiatrie (9)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], VARIANTS, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Copy-number variation, BRAIN, ddc:616, Genetics, education.field_of_study, PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS, ASSOCIATION, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, Cohort, BEHAVIOR, Adult, DATABASE, Population, COPY-NUMBER VARIATION, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Settore MED/39 - NEUROPSICHIATRIA INFANTILE, mental disorders, DiGeorge Syndrome, Humans, genetics, 22q11deletion syndrome, schizophrenia, education, Molecular Biology, Gene, Microarray analysis techniques, business.industry, MUTATIONS, CONSORTIUM, medicine.disease, Institutional repository, INDIVIDUALS, 030104 developmental biology, Psychotic Disorders, Case-Control Studies, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, genetic factors, Polygenic risk score, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, International 22q11.2DS Brain and Behavior Consortium
Abstract

Schizophrenia occurs in about one in four individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). The aim of this International Brain and Behavior 22q11.2DS Consortium (IBBC) study was to identify genetic factors that contribute to schizophrenia, in addition to the ~20-fold increased risk conveyed by the 22q11.2 deletion. Using whole-genome sequencing data from 519 unrelated individuals with 22q11.2DS, we conducted genome-wide comparisons of common and rare variants between those with schizophrenia and those with no psychotic disorder at age ≥25 years. Available microarray data enabled direct comparison of polygenic risk for schizophrenia between 22q11.2DS and independent population samples with no 22q11.2 deletion, with and without schizophrenia (total n = 35,182). Polygenic risk for schizophrenia within 22q11.2DS was significantly greater for those with schizophrenia (padj = 6.73 × 10−6). Novel reciprocal case–control comparisons between the 22q11.2DS and population-based cohorts showed that polygenic risk score was significantly greater in individuals with psychotic illness, regardless of the presence of the 22q11.2 deletion. Within the 22q11.2DS cohort, results of gene-set analyses showed some support for rare variants affecting synaptic genes. No common or rare variants within the 22q11.2 deletion region were significantly associated with schizophrenia. These findings suggest that in addition to the deletion conferring a greatly increased risk to schizophrenia, the risk is higher when the 22q11.2 deletion and common polygenic risk factors that contribute to schizophrenia in the general population are both present. ispartof: Molecular Psychiatry vol:26 issue:8 pages:1-15 ispartof: location:England status: published

Published
2020
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3. PBX1haploinsufficiency leads to syndromic congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in humans

Author

Françoise Devillard, Marie Bidart, Véronique Satre, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Pauline Le Tanno, Frédérique Béna, Pierre F. Ray, Klaus Dieterich, Ida Vogel, Julie Breton, Maria Antonietta Pisanti, Charles Coutton, Hervé Sartelet, Luisa Mackenroth, Siv Fokstuen, M. C. Digilio, Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher, Alexia Apostolou, Karl Hackmann, C Bosson, Rikke Christensen, Sylvie Odent, Antonio Novelli, Radu Harbuz, Rachel Beddow, Gemma Poke, Laura Bernardini, Sylvie Jaillard, Gaëlle Vieville, and Florence Amblard

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Genetics, Fetus, Pregnancy, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Kidney, Microarray analysis techniques, Urinary system, Genetic counseling, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Journal Article, medicine, Copy-number variation, Haploinsufficiency, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) represent a significant healthcare burden since it is the primary cause of chronic kidney in children. CNVs represent a recurrent molecular cause of CAKUT but the culprit gene remains often elusive. Our study aimed to define the gene responsible for CAKUT in patients with an 1q23.3q24.1 microdeletion.METHODS: We describe eight patients presenting with CAKUT carrying an 1q23.3q24.1 microdeletion as identified by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Clinical features were collected, especially the renal and urinary tract phenotype, and extrarenal features. We characterised PBX1 expression and localisation in fetal and adult kidneys using quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: We defined a 276-kb minimal common region (MCR) that only overlaps with the PBX1 gene. All eight patients presented with syndromic CAKUT. CAKUT were mostly bilateral renal hypoplasia (75%). The most frequent extrarenal symptoms were developmental delay and ear malformations. We demonstrate that PBX1 is strongly expressed in fetal kidneys and brain and expression levels decreased in adult samples. In control fetal kidneys, PBX1 was localised in nuclei of medullary, interstitial and mesenchymal cells, whereas it was present in endothelial cells in adult kidneys.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that PBX1 haploinsufficiency leads to syndromic CAKUT as supported by the Pbx1-null mice model. Correct PBX1 dosage appears to be critical for normal nephrogenesis and seems important for brain development in humans. CMA should be recommended in cases of fetal renal anomalies to improve genetic counselling and pregnancy management.

Published
2017
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4. Heterozygous Chorein Deficiency in Probable Tau-negative Early-onset Alzheimer Disease

Author

Sven Haller, Frédérique Béna, Panteleimon Giannakopoulos, Maciej Jakub Lazarczyk, and Stefania Gimelli

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, business.industry, Early Onset Alzheimer Disease, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Text mining, Medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Gerontology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Published
2016
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5. Refinement of the critical 2p25.3 deletion region: the role of MYT1L in intellectual disability and obesity

Author

Saskia M. Maas, Frédérique Béna, Koenraad Devriendt, Nathalie Marle, Birgitte Bang, Tjitske Kleefstra, Evan E. Eichler, Andy Willaert, Suzanne Vanhauwaert, Marjolein H. Willemsen, Eva Jacobs, Laurence Faivre, Shelagh Joss, Frank Speleman, Paul Coucke, Ernie M.H.F. Bongers, Abeltje M. Polstra, David A. Koolen, Nina De Rocker, Hilde Peeters, Konstantinos Varvagiannis, Thomy de Ravel, Francesca Novara, Julien Thevenon, Filip Roelens, Nele Bockaert, Sabrina Giglio, Alexander Hoischen, Susan Zeesman, Marjolaine Willems, Zeynep Tümer, Orsetta Zuffardi, Björn Menten, Carla Rosenberg, Sarah Vergult, Małgorzata J.M. Nowaczyk, Teacher Education, Clinical sciences, Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Human Genetics, and Paediatric Genetics

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Child, preschool, Obesity/genetics, Transcription Factors/genetics, Other Research Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 0], Gene Expression, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Bioinformatics, Aquatic organisms, Developmental psychology, Intellectual Disability, Gene Duplication, Intellectual disability, medicine, Animals, Humans, Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics, Point Mutation, Obesity, Child, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Chromosome Mapping, Middle Aged, zebrafish, medicine.disease, Intellectual Disability/genetics, facies, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Cohort studies, young adult, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9], Transcription Factors
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext PURPOSE: Submicroscopic deletions of chromosome band 2p25.3 are associated with intellectual disability and/or central obesity. Although MYT1L is believed to be a critical gene responsible for intellectual disability, so far no unequivocal data have confirmed this hypothesis. METHODS: In this study we evaluated a cohort of 22 patients (15 sporadic patients and two families) with a 2p25.3 aberration to further refine the clinical phenotype and to delineate the role of MYT1L in intellectual disability and obesity. In addition, myt1l spatiotemporal expression in zebrafish embryos was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and whole-mount in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Complete MYT1L deletion, intragenic deletion, or duplication was observed in all sporadic patients, in addition to two patients with a de novo point mutation in MYT1L. The familial cases comprise a 6-Mb deletion in a father and his three children and a 5' MYT1L overlapping duplication in a father and his two children. Expression analysis in zebrafish embryos shows specific myt1l expression in the developing brain. CONCLUSION: Our data strongly strengthen the hypothesis that MYT1L is the causal gene for the observed syndromal intellectual disability. Moreover, because 17 patients present with obesity/overweight, haploinsufficiency of MYT1L might predispose to weight problems with childhood onset.Genet Med 17 6, 460-466.

Published
2015
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6. A Case of Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome Associated with a 46,XY Disorder of Sexual Development and Gonadal Dysgenesis

Author

Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Piotr Fichna, Christelle Borel, Serge Nef, Anne Vannier, Stefania Gimelli, Damian M. Janecki, Frédérique Béna, Béatrice Conne, Kamila Kusz-Zamelczyk, Jadwiga Jaruzelska, Pierre Calvel, and Periklis Makrythanasis

Subjects
Male, Embryology, Candidate gene, Developmental Disabilities, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Nonsense mutation, Gonadal dysgenesis, Gene mutation, Biology, Craniofacial Abnormalities, 03 medical and health sciences, Malabsorption Syndromes, Gene duplication, medicine, Humans, ddc:576.5, Genitalia, Gene, Exome sequencing, 030304 developmental biology, Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY, 030305 genetics & heredity, Infant, Newborn, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, Syndrome, medicine.disease, Pedigree, 3. Good health, Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome, Codon, Nonsense, Female, Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein, Follow-Up Studies, Developmental Biology
Abstract

We report the case of a female patient suffering from a 46,XY disorder of sexual development (DSD) with complete gonadal dysgenesis and Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome (WDSTS). The coexistence of these 2 conditions has not yet been reported. Using whole exome sequencing and comparative genome hybridization array, we identified a de novo MLL/KMT2A gene nonsense mutation which explains the WDSTS phenotype. In addition, we discovered novel genetic variants, which could explain the testicular dysgenesis observed in the patient, a maternally inherited 167-kb duplication of DAAM2 and MOCS1 genes and a de novo LRRC33/NRROS gene mutation. These genes, some of which are expressed during mouse gonadal development, could be considered as potentially new candidate genes for DSD.

Published
2015
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7. Heterozygous Deletion of Chorein Exons 70-73 and GNA14 Exons 3-7 in a Brazilian Patient Presenting With Probable Tau-Negative Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease

Author

Armand Savioz, Stefania Gimelli, Frédérique Béna, Panteleimon Giannakopoulos, Maciej Jakub Lazarczyk, and Sven Haller

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Heterozygote, Early Onset Alzheimer Disease, VPS13A, ddc:616.0757, ddc:616.89, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Alzheimer Disease, Medicine, Humans, tau, Genetics, business.industry, β-amyloid, Exons, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, 030104 developmental biology, tau-negative Alzheimer disease, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11, Brief Reports, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Alzheimer's disease, business, Gerontology, chorein, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Brazil
Abstract

Heterozygous Deletion of Chorein Exons 70-73 and GNA14 Exons 3-7 in a Brazilian Patient Presenting With Probable Tau-Negative Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease

Published
2017

8. Down Syndrome: Parental Origin, Recombination, and Maternal Age

Author

Bojana Brajenović-Milić, Frédérique Béna, Ivana Babić Božović, Zorana Grubić, Dinko Pavlinić, Jasenka Wagner, Jadranka Vraneković, Sophie Dahoun, and Vida Čulić

Subjects
Adult, Male, Parents, Down syndrome, Adolescent, Croatia, Population, Inheritance Patterns, Biology, Genetic recombination, Young Adult, Nondisjunction, Genetic, Short Reports, Meiosis, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, genetic recombination, maternal age, meiotic nondisjunction, Risk factor, education, Genetics (clinical), Recombination, Genetic, Genetics, education.field_of_study, Chromosome, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Nondisjunction, Female, Disease Susceptibility, Down Syndrome, Trisomy, Maternal Age
Abstract

The aims of the present study were to assess (1) the parental origin of trisomy 21 and the stage in which nondisjunction occurs and (2) the relationship between altered genetic recombination and maternal age as risk factors for trisomy 21. The study included 102 cases with Down syndrome from the Croatian population. Genotyping analyses were performed by polymerase chain reaction using 11 short tandem repeat markers along chromosome 21q. The vast majority of trisomy 21 was of maternal origin (93%), followed by paternal (5%) and mitotic origin (2%). The frequencies of maternal meiotic I (MI) and meiotic II errors were 86% and 14%, respectively. The highest proportion of cases with zero recombination was observed among those with maternal MI derived trisomy 21. A higher proportion of telomeric exchanges were presented in cases with maternal MI errors and cases with young mothers, although these findings were not statistically significant. The present study is the first report examining parental origin and altered genetic recombination as a risk factor for trisomy 21 in a Croatian population. The results support that trisomy 21 has a universal genetic etiology across different human populations.

Published
2012
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9. A Novel SRY Mutation Leads to Asymmetric SOX9 Activation and Is Responsible for Mixed 46,XY Gonadal Dysgenesis

Author

Yves Morel, Anne-Laure Rougemont, Valerie M. Schwitzgebel, Frédérique Béna, Mirjam Dirlewanger, Jacques Birraux, Philippe Klee, Celine Girardin, Ingrid Plotton, and Sophie Dahoun

Subjects
endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Gonad, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Point mutation, Sexual differentiation in humans, Gonadal dysgenesis, social sciences, SOX9, Biology, Y chromosome, medicine.disease, XY gonadal dysgenesis, Endocrinology, Testis determining factor, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, population characteristics, geographic locations
Abstract

Background: SRY, located on the Y chromosome, is one of the key genes involved in human sex determination. SRY mutations are responsible for 10–15% of all cases of 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis (GD) but are rarely implicated in the pathogenesis of mixed GD. Methods: SRY was analyzed by sequence analysis of DNA extracted from blood leukocytes. SRY activity was evaluated by SOX9 immunostaining, one of the targets of SRY. Results: We report a case of mixed GD due to a novel SRY point mutation in a patient with a 46,XY karyotype, without mosaicism or submicroscopic genomic imbalances. Hormonal studies showed low anti-müllerian hormone and histological examination of the gonads showed a streak gonad on the right side and a left dysgenetic testis, thus permitting the diagnosis of mixed GD. Immunostaining for SOX9, a target of SRY, was positive in nuclei of Sertoli and epididymal cells in the left gonad and negative on the right, thus indicating asymmetric activation of SRY. Conclusion: Mixed GD can result from SRY mutations without mosaicism, neither in peripheral blood, nor within the gonads. The asymmetric effect of the point mutation implies the presence of local factors modulating SRY expression or action.

Published
2012
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10. A 600 kb deletion syndrome at 16p11.2 leads to energy imbalance and neuropsychiatric disorders

Author

Laurent Pasquier, Anne V. Snow, David T. Miller, Louise Harewood, Christina Triantafallou, Timothy P.L. Roberts, Leighton B. Hinkley, Zili Chu, Louis Vallée, Alyss Lian Cavanagh, Evica Rajcan-Separovic, Patricia Blanchet, Fiona Miller, Robin P. Goin-Kochel, Beau Reilly, Bettina Cerban, Vanessa Siffredi, Bridget A. Fernandez, Roger Vaughan, Brianna M. Paul, Fanny Morice-Picard, Elisabeth Flori, Dominique Campion, Gérard Didelot, Anne Philippe, Christa Lese Martin, Srikantan S. Nagarajan, Joris Andrieux, Jacques Puechberty, Marie Pierre Cordier, Jill V. Hunter, Ellen van Binsbergen, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Vivek Swarnakar, Jean Marie Cuisset, Monica Proud, Patrick Callier, Bert B.A. de Vries, Jeffrey I. Berman, Sarah J. Spence, Alexandra Bowe, Wendy K. Chung, Katy Ankenman, Katherine Hines, Sarah E. Gobuty, Philippe Jonveaux, Lisa Blaskey, Alice Goldenberg, Sylvie Jaillard, Alessandra Renieri, Anne M. Maillard, Tracy Luks, Lee Anne Green Snyder, Elliott H. Sherr, Sarah Y. Khan, Fabienne Prieur, Simon A. Zwolinski, Andres Metspalu, Ghislaine Plessis, Jean Chiesa, Rita J. Jeremy, Valérie Malan, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Loyse Hippolyte, Bethanny Smith-Packard, Andrea M. Paal, Bénédicte Duban Bedu, Claudine Rieubland, Jordan Burko, Sylvie Joriot, Philippe Conus, Dominique Bonneau, Benoit Arveiler, Nicole de Leeuw, Allison G. Dempsey, John E. Spiro, Julia Wenegrat, Bertrand Isidor, Cédric Le Caignec, Kyle J. Steinman, Bruno Delobel, Ashlie Llorens, Jacques S. Beckmann, Kelly Johnson, Sean Ackerman, Polina Bukshpun, Silvia Garza, Alexandre Reymond, Damien Sanlaville, Ellen Hanson, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Jacques Thonney, Mari Wakahiro, Juliane Hoyer, Jacqueline Vigneron, Katrin Õunap, Arthur L. Beaudet, Mandy Barker, Nicole Visyak, Sonia Bouquillon, W. Andrew Faucett, Raphael Bernier, Sudha Kilaru Kessler, Audrey Lynn Bibb, Dennis Shaw, R. Frank Kooy, Suzanne M E Lewis, Anna L. Laakman, Nicholas J. Pojman, Hubert Journel, Laura Bernardini, Arianne Stevens, Julia P. Owen, Rebecca Mc Nally Keehn, Stéphanie Selmoni, Sébastien Lebon, Aurélien Macé, Bruno Leheup, Saba Qasmieh, Zoltán Kutalik, Anita Rauch, Yiping Shen, Elysa J. Marco, Nathalie Van der Aa, Carina Ferrari, Noam D. Beckmann, Delphine Héron, Jennifer Tjernage, Benjamin Aaronson, Albert David, Marie Pierre Lemaitre, Muriel Holder, Eve Õiglane-Shlik, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Flore Zufferey, Constance Atwell, Marta Benedetti, Ellen Grant, Jenna Elgin, Patricia Z. Page, Caroline Rooryck, Randy L. Buckner, Qixuan Chen, Laurence Faivre, Sébastien Jacquemont, Kerri P. Nowell, Florence Fellmann, Disciglio Vittoria, Katharina Magdalena Rötzer, Hana Lee, Alastair J. Martin, Marion Greenup, David H. Ledbetter, Katrin Männik, Morgan W. Lasala, Jennifer Gerdts, Hanalore Alupay, Florence Petit, Elizabeth Aylward, Gerald D. Fischbach, Mafalda Mucciolo, Maxwell Cheong, Gabriela Marzano, Frédérique Béna, Danielle Martinet, Timothy J. Moss, Odile Boute, Jennifer Olson, Marco Belfiore, Christina Fagerberg, Corby L. Dale, Robert M. Witwicki, Yolanda L. Evans, Melissa B. Ramocki, Marie-Claude Addor, Christèle Dubourg, Mariken Ruiter, Tuhin K. Sinha, Mieke M. van Haelst, Alan Packer, Kathleen E. McGovern, Christie M. Brewton, Stephen M. Kanne, Richard I. Fisher, Tracey Ward, Sophie Dupuis-Girod, Pratik Mukherjee, Simons VIP Consortium, 16p11.2 European Consortium, Addor, MC., Arveiler, B., Belfiore, M., Bena, F., Bernardini, L., Blanchet, P., Bonneau, D., Boute, O., Callier, P., Campion, D., Chiesa, J., Cordier, MP., Cuisset, JM., David, A., de Leeuw, N., de Vries, B., Didelot, G., Doco-Fenzy, M., Bedu, BD., Dubourg, C., Dupuis-Girod, S., Fagerberg, CR., Faivre, L., Fellmann, F., Fernandez, BA., Fisher, R., Flori, E., Goldenberg, A., Heron, D., Holder, M., Hoyer, J., Isidor, B., Jaillard, S., Jonveaux, P., Joriot, S., Journel, H., Kooy, F., le Caignec, C., Leheup, B., Lemaitre, MP., Lewis, S., Malan, V., Mathieu-Dramard, M., Metspalu, A., Morice-Picard, F., Mucciolo, M., Oiglane-Shlik, E., Ounap, K., Pasquier, L., Petit, F., Philippe, A., Plessis, G., Prieur, F., Puechberty, J., Rajcan-Separovic, E., Rauch, A., Renieri, A., Rieubland, C., Rooryck, C., Rötzer, KM., Ruiter, M., Sanlaville, D., Selmoni, S., Shen, Y., Siffredi, V., Thonney, J., Vallée, L., van Binsbergen, E., Van der Aa, N., van Haelst MM., Vigneron, J., Vincent-Delorme, C., Vittoria, D., Vulto-van Silfhout AT., Witwicki, RM., Zwolinski, SA., Bowe, A., Beaudet, AL., Brewton, CM., Chu, Z., Dempsey, AG., Evans, YL., Garza, S., Kanne, SM., Laakman, AL., Lasala, MW., Llorens, AV., Marzano, G., Moss, TJ., Nowell, KP., Proud, MB., Chen, Q., Vaughan, R., Berman, J., Blaskey, L., Hines, K., Kessler, S., Khan, SY., Qasmieh, S., Bibb, AL., Paal, AM., Page, PZ., Smith-Packard, B., Buckner, R., Burko, J., Cavanagh, AL., Cerban, B., Snow, AV., Snyder, LG., Keehn, RM., Miller, DT., Miller, FK., Olson, JE., Triantafallou, C., Visyak, N., Atwell, C., Benedetti, M., Fischbach, GD., Greenup, M., Packer, A., Bukshpun, P., Cheong, M., Dale, C., Gobuty, SE., Hinkley, L., Jeremy, RJ., Lee, H., Luks, TL., Marco, EJ., Martin, AJ., McGovern, KE., Nagarajan, SS., Owen, J., Paul, BM., Pojman, NJ., Sinha, T., Swarnakar, V., Wakahiro, M., Alupay, H., Aaronson, B., Ackerman, S., Ankenman, K., Elgin, J., Gerdts, J., Johnson, K., Reilly, B., Shaw, D., Stevens, A., Ward, T., Wenegrat, J., Other departments, Service de génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Department of Medical Genetics, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-GHICL, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University-Baylor University, Texas Children's Hospital [Houston, USA], Department of pediatrics, Primary palliative Care Research Group, Community Health Sciences, General Practice Section, University of Edinburgh, Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode (CIG), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Developmental Brain and Behaviour Unit, University of Southampton, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California-Semel Institute, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-Semel Institute, Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and Kooy, Frank

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Developmental Disabilities, Biology, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Order, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Copy-number variation, Clinical genetics, Obesity, Young adult, Child, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/diagnosis, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/genetics, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis, Developmental Disabilities/genetics, Female, Intelligence Tests, Phenotype, Syndrome, 2. Zero hunger, Psychiatry, 0303 health sciences, Intelligence quotient, Neuropsychology, Complex traits, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, 3. Good health, Autism spectrum disorder, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Autism, Medical genetics, Human medicine, Copy-Number Variation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background The recurrent ∼600 kb 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 deletion is among the most frequent known genetic aetiologies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related neurodevelopmental disorders. Objective To define the medical, neuropsychological, and behavioural phenotypes in carriers of this deletion. Methods We collected clinical data on 285 deletion carriers and performed detailed evaluations on 72 carriers and 68 intrafamilial non-carrier controls. Results When compared to intrafamilial controls, full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) is two standard deviations lower in carriers, and there is no difference between carriers referred for neurodevelopmental disorders and carriers identified through cascade family testing. Verbal IQ (mean 74) is lower than non-verbal IQ (mean 83) and a majority of carriers require speech therapy. Over 80% of individuals exhibit psychiatric disorders including ASD, which is present in 15% of the paediatric carriers. Increase in head circumference (HC) during infancy is similar to the HC and brain growth patterns observed in idiopathic ASD. Obesity, a major comorbidity present in 50% of the carriers by the age of 7 years, does not correlate with FSIQ or any behavioural trait. Seizures are present in 24% of carriers and occur independently of other symptoms. Malformations are infrequently found, confirming only a few of the previously reported associations. Conclusions The 16p11.2 deletion impacts in a quantitative and independent manner FSIQ, behaviour and body mass index, possibly through direct influences on neural circuitry. Although non-specific, these features are clinically significant and reproducible. Lastly, this study demonstrates the necessity of studying large patient cohorts ascertained through multiple methods to characterise the clinical consequences of rare variants involved in common diseases.

Published
2012
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11. SHANK3 mutation in consanguineous schizophrenia family in northwest Algeria

Author

Aicha Dahdouh, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Michel Guipponi, Julien Prados, Wafae Adouan, and Frédérique Béna

Subjects
SHANK3 Gene, Genetics, Psychiatry and Mental health, Microarray, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), Mutation (genetic algorithm), medicine, Autism, Genome-wide association study, Consanguinity, Biology, University hospital, medicine.disease
Abstract

IntroductionSeveral studies have asserted the existence of a strong and complex genetic component in the determination of psychotic disorders. GWAS studies conducted over the past decade lead to the identification of only a few low effect associations, calling questioning the hypothesis of “common disease – common variants” for a model involving a large number of rare variants.AimsHere, we studied a multigenerational multiplex family with schizophrenia a high rate of consanguinity, located in the northwest of Algeria. This study aims to identify inherited rare variants of schizophrenia using new genetic technologies.MethodsThis family has received complete clinical (DIGS, DSM-IV criteria), genealogical investigations, CNV analysis using CGH Microarray Kit 244 K (Santa Clara, CA) and WES (by GAIIx Illumina/HiSeq 2000) focused in CNV regions, that were performed in the department of genetics in the university hospital of Geneva.ResultsWe identify 11 affected members by psychotic disorders. The main CNVs analysis results found in a schizophrenic member a Del 22q13.33 affecting SHANK3 gene. WES regarding these regions identified a mutation at position 511178000 in SHANK3 gene in all the selected affected relatives.DiscussionSeveral studies have asserted the association of SHANK3 mutations with schizophrenia and autism disorders. This is the first observation of rs511,178,000 in schizophrenia phenotype.ConclusionIn total, this highly informative family have identified new rare genetic variant of schizophrenia. The search for this mutation in wider control population in would be useful to validate these data.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Published
2017
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12. Array-CGH analysis in a patient with WAGR syndrome and a reciprocal translocation t(2;11) inherited from the normal father with double translocation

Author

Stefania Gimelli, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Maria Teresa Divizia, Frédérique Béna, Lara Bricco, Giorgio Gimelli, Roberto Ravazzolo, and Margherita Lerone

Subjects
Male, Translocation, Genetic/*genetics, WAGR Syndrome/*genetics, WAGR syndrome, Chromosomal translocation, Biology, Translocation, Genetic, Fathers, WAGR Syndrome, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2/*genetics, Genetics, medicine, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Humans, ddc:576.5, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Genetics (clinical), Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11, Infant, Newborn, medicine.disease, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/*genetics
Published
2010
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13. Subtelomeric 6p deletion: Clinical and array-CGH characterization in two patients

Author

Nathalie Besuchet Schmutz, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Frédérique Béna, Danielle Martinet, Marie-Claude Addor, Armand Bottani, Sophie Dahoun, Jacques S. Beckmann, Isabel Filges, Michael A. Morris, and Gaide Ac

Subjects
Male, Genotype, Developmental Disabilities, Biology, Craniofacial Abnormalities, Gene mapping, Intellectual Disability, Gene duplication, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Genetics (clinical), Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, ddc:616, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/ genetics, Corectopia, Infant, Chromosome, medicine.disease, Subtelomere, Hypsarrhythmia, Craniofacial Abnormalities/ genetics, Developmental disorder, Phenotype, Abnormalities, Multiple/ genetics, Child, Preschool, Karyotyping, Chromosome Inversion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6, Female, Mental Retardation/ genetics, Chromosome Deletion, medicine.symptom, Developmental Disabilities/ genetics, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

We report on two patients with de novo subtelomeric terminal deletion of chromosome 6p. Patient 1 is an 8-month-old female born with normal growth parameters, typical facial features of 6pter deletion, bilateral corectopia, and protruding tongue. She has severe developmental delay, profound bilateral neurosensory deafness, poor visual contact, and hypsarrhythmia since the age of 6 months. Patient 2 is a 5-year-old male born with normal growth parameters and unilateral hip dysplasia; he has a characteristic facial phenotype, bilateral embryotoxon, and moderate mental retardation. Further characterization of the deletion, using high-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH; Agilent Human Genome kit 244 K), revealed that Patient 1 has a 8.1 Mb 6pter-6p24.3 deletion associated with a contiguous 5.8 Mb 6p24.3-6p24.1 duplication and Patient 2 a 5.7 Mb 6pter-6p25.1 deletion partially overlapping with that of Patient 1. Complementary FISH and array analysis showed that the inv del dup(6) in Patient 1 originated de novo. Our results demonstrate that simple rearrangements are often more complex than defined by standard techniques. We also discuss genotype-phenotype correlations including previously reported cases of deletion 6p.

Published
2008
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14. Extrachromosomal driver mutations in glioblastoma and low-grade glioma

Author

Ivan Radovanovic, Françoise Forestier, Karl Lothard Schaller, Emilie Falconnet, Anne Vannier, Marco Garieri, Michel Guipponi, Virginie Clément-Schatlo, Pierre-Yves Dietrich, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Valérie Dutoit, Periklis Makrythanasis, Sergey Nikolaev, Federico Santoni, and Frédérique Béna

Subjects
Genome instability, General Physics and Astronomy, PDGFRA, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Genomic Instability, Article, Glioma, Extrachromosomal DNA, Gene duplication, medicine, Humans, ddc:576.5, Exome sequencing, Genetics, Mutation, Multidisciplinary, Brain Neoplasms, fungi, Gene Amplification, General Chemistry, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Cancer cell, Cancer research, DNA, Circular, Neoplasm Grading, Glioblastoma
Abstract

Alteration of the number of copies of double minutes (DMs) with oncogenic EGFR mutations in response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors is a novel adaptive mechanism of glioblastoma. Here we provide evidence that such mutations in DMs, called here amplification-linked extrachromosomal mutations (ALEMs), originate extrachromosomally and could therefore be completely eliminated from the cancer cells. By exome sequencing of seven glioblastoma patients we reveal ALEMs in EGFR, PDGFRA and other genes. These mutations together with DMs are lost by cancer cells in culture. We confirm the extrachromosomal origin of such mutations by showing that wild-type and mutated DMs may coexist in the same tumour. Analysis of 4,198 tumours suggests the presence of ALEMs across different tumour types with the highest prevalence in glioblastomas and low-grade gliomas. The extrachromosomal nature of ALEMs explains the observed drastic changes in the amounts of mutated oncogenes (like EGFR or PDGFRA) in glioblastoma in response to environmental changes.

Published
2014

15. Molecular and clinical characterization of 25 individuals with exonic deletions of NRXN1 and comprehensive review of the literature

Author

Frédéric Bilan, Armand Bottani, Damien L. Bruno, Arie van Haeringen, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Erica H. Gerkes, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Audrey Labalme, Stefania Gimelli, Claudia A. L. Ruivenkamp, Howard R. Slater, Alain Kitzis, Trijnie Dijkhuizen, Ann-Charlotte Thuresson, Marianne Till, Devika Ganesamoorthy, Damien Sanlaville, Christele Dubourgm, Conny M. A. van Ravenswaaij-Arts, Laurent Pasquier, Britt-Marie Anderlid, Marjolein Kriek, Massimiliano Rossi, Jacqueline Schoumans, Mats Eriksson, Frédérique Béna, Maryline Gagnebin, Michel Guipponi, Zornitza Stark, Génétique médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Department of Genetics, Genetic Health Services Victoria, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu-Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology [Uppsala, Sueden] (IGP), Uppsala University, Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Service de Génétique, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Poitiers - Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Center for Medical Genetics, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Ethical, Legal, Social Issues in Genetics (ELSI), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], VARIANTS, Bioinformatics, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/genetics, Cohort Studies, neurexin, 0302 clinical medicine, Intellectual disability, SCHIZOPHRENIA, Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics, HUMAN GENOME, ddc:576.5, Copy-number variation, exon, deletion, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules, Genetics (clinical), Sequence Deletion, seizures, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Exons, Hypotonia, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Autism spectrum disorder, SEVERE DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY, medicine.symptom, Haploinsufficiency, Seizures/genetics, Autistic Disorder/genetics, Heterozygote, GENES, RARE DELETIONS, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal, review, autism, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Structural variation, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, NRXN1, medicine, Humans, Expressivity (genetics), Autistic Disorder, 030304 developmental biology, COPY NUMBER VARIATION, HIGH-FREQUENCY, AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER, Calcium-Binding Proteins, medicine.disease, Karyotyping, Autism, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MENTAL-RETARDATION
Abstract

This study aimed to elucidate the observed variable phenotypic expressivity associated with NRXN1 (Neurexin 1) haploinsufficiency by analyses of the largest cohort of patients with NRXN1 exonic deletions described to date and by comprehensively reviewing all comparable copy number variants in all disease cohorts that have been published in the peer reviewed literature (30 separate papers in all). Assessment of the clinical details in 25 previously undescribed individuals with NRXN1 exonic deletions demonstrated recurrent phenotypic features consisting of moderate to severe intellectual disability (91%), severe language delay (81%), autism spectrum disorder (65%), seizures (43%), and hypotonia (38%). These showed considerable overlap with previously reported NRXN1-deletion associated phenotypes in terms of both spectrum and frequency. However, we did not find evidence for an association between deletions involving the -isoform of neurexin-1 and increased head size, as was recently published in four cases with a deletion involving the C-terminus of NRXN1. We identified additional rare copy number variants in 20% of cases. This study supports a pathogenic role for heterozygous exonic deletions of NRXN1 in neurodevelopmental disorders. The additional rare copy number variants identified may act as possible phenotypic modifiers as suggested in a recent digenic model of neurodevelopmental disorders. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2013
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16. Genome-wide linkage and copy number variation analysis reveals 710 kb duplication on chromosome 1p31.3 responsible for autosomal dominant omphalocele

Author

Swapan K. Nath, Uppala Radhakrishna, Jeffrey C. Murray, Heather L Newkirk, Merlin G. Butler, Uppala Ratnamala, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, David B. Everman, Frédérique Béna, Celi Sun, Maryline Gagnebin, Amit K. Maiti, Charles E. Schwartz, Ken McElreavey, and Andrew J. Sharp

Subjects
Male, DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic Linkage, Locus (genetics), Genome-wide association study, Chromosomal rearrangement, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, Hernia, Umbilical/genetics, Genetic linkage, Gene duplication, Chromosome Duplication, Genetics, medicine, Humans, ddc:576.5, Copy-number variation, Genetics (clinical), Genes, Dominant, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Omphalocele, Haplotype, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Haplotypes, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1, Female, Lod Score, Hernia, Umbilical, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Background Omphalocele is a congenital birth defect characterised by the presence of internal organs located outside of the ventral abdominal wall. The purpose of this study was to identify the underlying genetic mechanisms of a large autosomal dominant Caucasian family with omphalocele. Methods and findings A genetic linkage study was conducted in a large family with an autosomal dominant transmission of an omphalocele using a genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. The analysis revealed significant evidence of linkage (non-parametric NPL = 6.93, p=0.0001; parametric logarithm of odds (LOD) = 2.70 under a fully penetrant dominant model) at chromosome band 1p31.3. Haplotype analysis narrowed the locus to a 2.74 Mb region between markers rs2886770 (63014807 bp) and rs1343981 (65757349 bp). Molecular characterisation of this interval using array comparative genomic hybridisation followed by quantitative microsphere hybridisation analysis revealed a 710 kb duplication located at 63.5–64.2 Mb. All affected individuals who had an omphalocele and shared the haplotype were positive for this duplicated region, while the duplication was absent from all normal individuals of this family. Multipoint linkage analysis using the duplication as a marker yielded a maximum LOD score of 3.2 at 1p31.3 under a dominant model. The 710 kb duplication at 1p31.3 band contains seven known genes including FOXD3 , ALG6 , ITGB3BP , KIAA1799 , DLEU2L , PGM1 , and the proximal portion of ROR1 . Importantly, this duplication is absent from the database of genomic variants. Conclusions The present study suggests that development of an omphalocele in this family is controlled by overexpression of one or more genes in the duplicated region. To the authors9 knowledge, this is the first reported association of an inherited omphalocele condition with a chromosomal rearrangement.

Published
2012

17. Initiation of prenatal genetic diagnosis of chromosomal anomalies in Cameroon

Author

Cedrik Ngongang Tekendo, Sophie Dahoun, Huguette Zambo, Frédérique Béna, and Ambroise Wonkam

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Voluntary counseling and testing, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Chromosome Disorders, Hiv testing, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Fluorescence, Young Adult, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, medicine, Humans, Cameroon, business.industry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Care center, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Family medicine, Amniocentesis, Female, business, Genetic diagnosis
Abstract

0020-7292/$ – see front matter © 2011 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2011.08.020 [3] Holtgrave D, McGuire J. Impact of counseling in voluntary counseling and testing programs for persons at risk for or living with HIV infection. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45(Suppl 4):S240–3. [4] Hutchinson AB, Corbie-Smith G, Thomas SB, Mohanan S, del Rio C. Understanding the patient's perspective on rapid and routine HIV testing in an inner-city urgent care center. AIDS Educ Prev 2004;16(2):101–14.

Published
2011

18. Initiation of a medical genetics service in sub-Saharan Africa: experience of prenatal diagnosis in Cameroon

Author

Michael A. Morris, Huguette Zambo, Dohbit Julius Sama, Sophie Dahoun, Cedrik Ngongang Tekendo, Frédérique Béna, and Ambroise Wonkam

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Sub saharan, media_common.quotation_subject, Genetics, Medical, Prenatal diagnosis, Genetic Counseling, Disease, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Young Adult, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Diagnostic laboratory, Cameroon, Genetic Testing, Genetics (clinical), media_common, Chromosome Aberrations, business.industry, General Medicine, Geneticist, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Service (economics), Family medicine, Medical genetics, Female, Trisomy, business
Abstract

Background Initiation of Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis (PND) has laid the foundation of the first medical genetic service in Cameroon. Method Cross-sectional descriptive study, illustrating some aspects of the genetic service using a small 24-months PND experience. Results The service began with a medical geneticist who had to follow-up the building and equipments supplies of the diagnosis laboratory; and to personally perform genetic consultations, molecular experiments and post-results counseling. PND was indicated for sickle cell disease ( SCD) in 33 cases (55%) and chromosomal anomalies in 27 cases (45%). With international collaboration, DNA analysis revealed 6 SCD-affected foetuses (20.7%); QF-PCR ( N = 25) and full karyotype ( N = 8) analysis revealed cases of trisomy 21 and trisomy 18. Following PND success, national effort granted more human and material resources to improve the service. The preliminary experience was made possible by three factors: 1) the availability of a trained Cameroonian medical geneticist 2) the availability of obstetricians trained in fetal medicine and 3) advocacy initiatives at national and international levels, which have proven invaluable for advice, training, sourcing of materials, and back-up reference diagnostic laboratory. Conclusion The practice of medical genetics, involving prenatal genetic diagnosis of sickle cell disease and chromosomal anomalies, is possible in Cameroon (sub-Saharan Africa).

Published
2011

19. A de novo 12q13.11 microdeletion in a patient with severe mental retardation, cleft palate, and high myopia

Author

Christelle Stouder, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Stefania Gimelli, Frédérique Béna, Armand Bottani, and Periklis Makrythanasis

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics/pathology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intellectual disability, Cleft Palate/pathology, Genetics, RefSeq, Medicine, Humans, ddc:576.5, Myopia/pathology, Child, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, business.industry, High myopia, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Intellectual Disability/pathology, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Haploinsufficiency, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

We report a de novo 12q13.11 deletion of 1.3 Mb in an 10-year-old dysmorphic girl with a multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome consisting mainly of severe mental retardation, cleft palate, and high myopia. The deleted region encompasses 16 RefSeq genes. Among these, it is hypothesized that haploinsufficiency of AMIGO2 is potentially responsible for the mental retardation of this patient, and of COL2A1 for the cleft palate and high myopia.

Published
2011

20. Molecular Mechanisms Generating and Stabilizing Terminal 22q13 Deletions in 44 Subjects with Phelan/McDermid Syndrome

Author

Roberto Giorda, Susan Marelli, Santina Reitano, Alfredo Brusco, Renzo Guerrini, Maria Grazia Patricelli, Nieves Martínez Guardia, María Luisa Martínez-Frías, Maria Clara Bonaglia, Stefano D'Arrigo, Donatella Greco, Frédérique Béna, Antonella Cecconi, Sara Osimani, Bernardo Dalla Bernardina, Maria Luisa Martínez-Fernández, Pierluigi Politi, Cristina De Agostini, Elisa Mani, Lucia Grillo, Elisabetta Lapi, Sabrina Giglio, Stefania Bigoni, Francesca Novara, Claudio Zucca, Corrado Romano, Silvana Beri, Renato Borgatti, Rita Grasso, Roberto Ciccone, Marco Fichera, Anna Bremer, Emanuela Priolo, Anna Baroncini, Emanuela Maserati, Irene Bagnasco, Stefania Gimelli, Lucio Nitsch, Cristina Motta, Britt-Marie Anderlid, Ornella Galesi, Annalisa Vetro, Orsetta Zuffardi, Francesca L. Sciacca, Chiara Pantaleoni, Giulia Arrigo, Leonardo Zoccante, Ursula Giussani, Daria Riva, Maria Teresa Bonati, Francesca Darra, Massimo Molteni, Eleonora Di Gregorio, Cristiano Termine, Armand Bottani, M. C., Bonaglia, R., Giorda, S., Beri, C. D., Agostini, F., Novara, M., Fichera, L., Grillo, O., Galesi, A., Vetro, R., Ciccone, M. T., Bonati, S., Giglio, R., Guerrini, S., Osimani, S., Marelli, C., Zucca, R., Grasso, R., Borgatti, E., Mani, C., Motta, M., Molteni, C., Romano, D., Greco, S., Reitano, A., Baroncini, E., Lapi, A., Cecconi, G., Arrigo, M. G., Patricelli, C., Pantaleoni, S., D'Arrigo, D., Riva, F., Sciacca, B. D., Bernardina, L., Zoccante, F., Darra, C., Termine, E., Maserati, S., Bigoni, E., Priolo, A., Bottani, S., Gimelli, F., Bena, A., Brusco, E. d., Gregorio, I., Bagnasco, U., Giussani, Nitsch, Lucio, P., Politi, M. L., Martinez Fria, M. L., Martinez Fernandez, N. M., Guardia, A., Bremer, B., Anderlid, and O., Zuffardi

Subjects
Male, Parents, Cancer Research, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22, Ring chromosome, 22q13 deletion syndrome, Chromosome Disorders, Germline, Translocation, Genetic, Chromosomal Disorders, Phelan/McDermid Syndrome, Ring Chromosomes, Child, SHANK3, Genetics (clinical), Sequence Deletion, Genetics, Aged, 80 and over, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, deletion 22q13, Chromosomal Deletions and Duplications, Middle Aged, Phelan McDermid, Child, Preschool, Cytogenetic Analysis, Translocations, Medicine, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Haploinsufficiency, Research Article, Adult, Monosomy, SCAFFOLDING PROTEIN SHANK3, CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE, SUBTELOMERIC PROBES, ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE, MENTAL-RETARDATION, ALPHA-THALASSEMIA, TELOMERE CAPTURE, MONOSOMY 1P36, ARRAY CGH, GENE, lcsh:QH426-470, Adolescent, Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, Cytogenetics, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Aged, Clinical Genetics, Base Sequence, Breakpoint, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Human Genetics, medicine.disease, Telomere, lcsh:Genetics, microdeletion, array-CGH, Chromosome 22
Abstract

In this study, we used deletions at 22q13, which represent a substantial source of human pathology (Phelan/McDermid syndrome), as a model for investigating the molecular mechanisms of terminal deletions that are currently poorly understood. We characterized at the molecular level the genomic rearrangement in 44 unrelated patients with 22q13 monosomy resulting from simple terminal deletions (72%), ring chromosomes (14%), and unbalanced translocations (7%). We also discovered interstitial deletions between 17–74 kb in 9% of the patients. Haploinsufficiency of the SHANK3 gene, confirmed in all rearrangements, is very likely the cause of the major neurological features associated with PMS. SHANK3 mutations can also result in language and/or social interaction disabilities. We determined the breakpoint junctions in 29 cases, providing a realistic snapshot of the variety of mechanisms driving non-recurrent deletion and repair at chromosome ends. De novo telomere synthesis and telomere capture are used to repair terminal deletions; non-homologous end-joining or microhomology-mediated break-induced replication is probably involved in ring 22 formation and translocations; non-homologous end-joining and fork stalling and template switching prevail in cases with interstitial 22q13.3. For the first time, we also demonstrated that distinct stabilizing events of the same terminal deletion can occur in different early embryonic cells, proving that terminal deletions can be repaired by multistep healing events and supporting the recent hypothesis that rare pathogenic germline rearrangements may have mitotic origin. Finally, the progressive clinical deterioration observed throughout the longitudinal medical history of three subjects over forty years supports the hypothesis of a role for SHANK3 haploinsufficiency in neurological deterioration, in addition to its involvement in the neurobehavioral phenotype of PMS., Author Summary Terminal chromosome deletions are among the most commonly observed rearrangements detected by cytogenetics and may result in several well-known genetic syndromes. We used 22q13 deletions to study how these types of chromosome abnormalities arise. Children with Phelan/McDermid syndrome, caused by deletion of the terminal portion of chromosome 22, experience developmental delay, absent or severely delayed speech, and frequent behavioral problems. Lack of one copy of SHANK3, a key gene for the correct development and organization of brain synapses, is very likely the basis of the syndrome's major neurological features. Deletion of additional genes probably causes more complex phenotypes in subjects with larger deletions. We also studied patients who only lack a portion of SHANK3 and demonstrated that small, hard-to-detect deletions of this gene may cause substantial clinical problems. Until now, the 22q distal deletion had been only diagnosed in very young people. We studied a large group of patients of different ages and discovered that all adult patients face progressive cognitive decline. Our study demonstrates that deletion of the terminal portion of chromosome 22, a prototype for terminal deletions in human chromosomes, can occur in several ways. Mosaic deletions of different size can also form in early embryogenesis.

Published
2011

21. Mirror extreme BMI phenotypes associated with gene dosage at the chromosome 16p11.2 locus

Author

Stephen W. Scherer, Mònica Gratacòs, Kari Stefansson, Muriel Holder, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Lukas Forer, Katharina M. Roetzer, Josette Lucas, Claudia Schurmann, Satu Kaksonen, Armand Valsesia, Carina Wallgren-Pettersson, Barbara Leube, Alexandra I. F. Blakemore, Alexandre Moerman, Marco Belfiore, Anne Faudet, Dominique Gaillard, Roberto Ravazzolo, Dominique Bonneau, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Yongguo Yu, Louis Vallée, Bénédicte Demeer, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Frédérique Béna, Brigitte H. W. Faas, Benoit Arveiler, Georg Homuth, Charles Coutton, Bénédicte de Fréminville, Giorgio Gimelli, Xavier Estivill, Richard I. Fisher, Stefania Gimelli, Wendy Roberts, Jacques S. Beckmann, Emilie Landais, Orah S. Platt, Robin G. Walters, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Alexandre Reymond, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Solenn Legallic, James F. Gusella, Peter Vollenweider, Gian Paolo Ramelli, Tõnu Esko, Boris Keren, Nine V A M Knoers, Fanny Morice-Picard, Dominique Campion, Odile Boute, Evica Rajcan-Separovic, Rolph Pfundt, Nathalie Bednarek, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Suzanne M E Lewis, Gérard Didelot, Mylène Beri, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Véronique Satre, Audrey Labalme, Carola Tengstrom, Florian Kronenberg, Florence Petit, Simon Zwolinksi, Philippe Froguel, Paul Elliott, Dorothée Cailley, Christian R. Marshall, Bruno Leheup, Klaus Dieterich, Janina S. Ried, Sylvie Jaillard, Armand Bottani, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Elisabetta Lapi, Jean-Christophe Cuvellier, Robert M. Witwicki, Gérard Waeber, Christèle Dubourg, Marion Gérard, Lachlan J. M. Coin, Magalie Barth, Anita Kloss-Brandstätter, Vincent Mooser, Cristóbal Richart, Giuseppe Merla, Bénédicte Duban-Bedu, Yiping Shen, Ants Kurg, Audrey Guilmatre, Juliane Hoyer, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Mafalda Mucciolo, Bai-Lin Wu, Alessandra Ferrarini, Séverine Drunat, Yves Alembik, Páll Magnússon, Han G. Brunner, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Dominique Descamps, R. Frank Kooy, Azzedine Aboura, Valérie Layet, Sven Bergmann, Thomas Meitinger, Peter M. Kroisel, Nathalie Van der Aa, Olivier Guillin, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Zoltán Kutalik, Elisabeth Flori, Laurent Pasquier, André Reis, Noam D. Beckmann, Bertrand Isidor, Delphine Héron, Philippe Jonveaux, Sergi Villatoro Gomez, Ann Nordgren, José Manuel Fernández-Real, Florence Fellmann, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Laurence Faivre, Dimitri J. Stavropoulos, Katrin Männik, Christian Gieger, Evald Saemundsen, Agnès Guichet, Jean-Marie Cuisset, R. Touraine, Laura Bernardini, Marie-Ange Delrue, Alessandra Renieri, Omar Gustafsson, Flore Zufferey, David A. Koolen, Massimiliano Rossi, Jacqueline Chrast, Ghislaine Plessis, Faida Walha, Joris Andrieux, Ellen van Binsbergen, Albert David, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Cédric Le Caignec, Jean Chiesa, Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye, Geraldine Joly Helas, Damien Sanlaville, Anita Rauch, Louise Harewood, Mark I. McCarthy, Bridget A. Fernandez, Sébastien Jacquemont, Hreinn Stefansson, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Zdenek Jaros, Matthias Nauck, Hans J. Grabe, Sonia Bouquillon, Mieke M. van Haelst, Andres Metspalu, Loyse Hippolyte, Patrick Callier, Bert B.A. de Vries, Francisco J. Tinahones, Nicole de Leeuw, Julia S. El-Sayed Moustafa, Claudine Rieubland, Kay D. MacDermot, Vittoria Disciglio, Henry Völzke, Caroline Rooryck, Bettina Blaumeiser, Danielle Martinet, Marie-Claude Addor, Bruno Delobel, Jacquemont, S, Reymond, A, Zufferey, F, Harewood, L, Walters, Rg, Kutalik, Z, Martinet, D, Shen, Y, Valsesia, A, Beckmann, Nd, Thorleifsson, G, Belfiore, M, Bouquillon, S, Campion, D, de Leeuw, N, de Vries, Bb, Esko, T, Fernandez, Ba, Fernández-Aranda, F, Fernández-Real, Jm, Gratacòs, M, Guilmatre, A, Hoyer, J, Jarvelin, Mr, Kooy, Rf, Kurg, A, Le Caignec, C, Männik, K, Platt, O, Sanlaville, D, Van Haelst, Mm, Villatoro Gomez, S, Walha, F, Wu, Bl, Yu, Y, Aboura, A, Addor, Mc, Alembik, Y, Antonarakis, Se, Arveiler, B, Barth, M, Bednarek, N, Béna, F, Bergmann, S, Beri, M, Bernardini, L, Blaumeiser, B, Bonneau, D, Bottani, A, Boute, O, Brunner, Hg, Cailley, D, Callier, P, Chiesa, J, Chrast, J, Coin, L, Coutton, C, Cuisset, Jm, Cuvellier, Jc, David, A, de Freminville, B, Delobel, B, Delrue, Ma, Demeer, B, Descamps, D, Didelot, G, Dieterich, K, Disciglio, V, Doco-Fenzy, M, Drunat, S, Duban-Bedu, B, Dubourg, C, El-Sayed Moustafa, J, Elliott, P, Faas, Bh, Faivre, L, Faudet, A, Fellmann, F, Ferrarini, A, Fisher, R, Flori, E, Forer, L, Gaillard, D, Gerard, M, Gieger, C, Gimelli, S, Gimelli, G, Grabe, Hj, Guichet, A, Guillin, O, Hartikainen, Al, Heron, D, Hippolyte, L, Holder, M, Homuth, G, Isidor, B, Jaillard, S, Jaros, Z, Jiménez-Murcia, S, Helas, Gj, Jonveaux, P, Kaksonen, S, Keren, B, Kloss-Brandstätter, A, Knoers, Nv, Koolen, Da, Kroisel, Pm, Kronenberg, F, Labalme, A, Landais, E, Lapi, E, Layet, V, Legallic, S, Leheup, B, Leube, B, Lewis, S, Lucas, J, Macdermot, Kd, Magnusson, P, Marshall, C, Mathieu-Dramard, M, Mccarthy, Mi, Meitinger, T, Mencarelli, Ma, Merla, G, Moerman, A, Mooser, V, Morice-Picard, F, Mucciolo, M, Nauck, M, Ndiaye, Nc, Nordgren, A, Pasquier, L, Petit, F, Pfundt, R, Plessis, G, Rajcan-Separovic, E, Ramelli, Gp, Rauch, A, Ravazzolo, R, Reis, A, Renieri, A, Richart, C, Ried, J, Rieubland, C, Roberts, W, Roetzer, Km, Rooryck, C, Rossi, M, Saemundsen, E, Satre, V, Schurmann, C, Sigurdsson, E, Stavropoulos, Dj, Stefansson, H, Tengström, C, Thorsteinsdóttir, U, Tinahones, Fj, Touraine, R, Vallée, L, van Binsbergen, E, Van der Aa, N, Vincent-Delorme, C, Visvikis-Siest, S, Vollenweider, P, Völzke, H, Vulto-van Silfhout, At, Waeber, G, Wallgren-Pettersson, C, Witwicki, Rm, Zwolinksi, S, Andrieux, J, Estivill, X, Gusella, Jf, Gustafsson, O, Metspalu, A, Scherer, Sw, Stefansson, K, Blakemore, Ai, Beckmann, J, Froguel, P, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Service de génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode (CIG), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, Department of Medical Genetics, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, deCODE Genetics, deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Estonian Genome and Medicine, University of Tartu, Department of human genetics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences-Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Disciplines of Genetics and Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (MUN), Department of Psychiatry (IDIBELL), CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición-University Hospital of Bellvitge, Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital of Girona-Biomedical Research Institute 'Dr Josep Trueta'-CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Human Genetics [Erlangen, Allemagne], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of child and adolescent health, University of Oulu-Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu-National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University [Shanghai]-Children's Hospital, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Département de génétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de cytogénétique, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Génétique médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Hôpital Pellegrin-Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Service de génétique [Angers], Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Service de Génétique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Mendel Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza [San Giovanni Rotondo] (IRCCS), Service de Génétique clinique, Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Département de génétique et procréation, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-faculté de médecine-pharmacie, AGeing and IMagery (AGIM), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de biochimie et génétique moléculaire, CHU Grenoble, Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre Hospitalier de Béthune (CH Béthune), GHT de l'Artois, Service de Génétique Clinique, Department of Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI)-Medical Genetics, Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims)-Hôpital Maison Blanche-IFR 53, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Human Genetics [Nijmegen], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Heart Failure Research Center (HFRC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Institute of human genetics, International Centre for Life, Division of genetic epidemiology, HMNC Brain Health-Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology-Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu-Institute of Clinical Medicine, Laboratorio di citogenetica, G. Gaslini Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Abteilung für Kinder und Jugendheilkunde, Landesklinikum Waldviertel Zwettl, Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), The Habilitation Unit of Folkhalsan, Medical University Graz, Medical Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital Anna Meyer, Unité de Cytogénétique et Génétique Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier du Havre-Hôpital Gustave Flaubert, Service de Médecine Infantile III et Génétique Clinique [CHRU Nancy], Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital Duesseldorf, Child and Family Research Institute-University of British Columbia (UBC), North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park & St Marks Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Landspitali University Hospital, Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology, Hospital for Sick Children-University of Toronto McLaughlin Centre, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM)-Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Génétique cardiovasculaire (GC), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP), Molecular Medicine and Surgery department, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Department of Pathology, Division of pediatrics, Ospedale San Giovanni, Institute of Medical Genetics, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Department of pediatrics and CEBR, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe)-G. Gaslini Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili-University Hospital Juan XXIII-Instituto Salud Carlos III-Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital-University of Bern, Autism Research Unit, The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-University of Toronto, State Diagnostic, Counseling Center, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Genetic Services, Rinnekoti Research Foundation, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III-Clinic Hospital of Virgen de la Victoria-Ciber Fisiopatologia y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Centre de Maladies Rares, Anomalies du Développement Nord de France-CH Arras - CHRU Lille, Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics [Helsinki], Haartman Institute [Helsinki], Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, The Centre for Applied Genomics, Toronto, The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-University of Toronto-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Institut de biologie de Lille - UMS 3702 (IBL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the Leenaards Foundation Prize (SJ, DM and AR), the Jérôme Lejeune Foundation (AR), the Telethon Action Suisse Foundation (AR), the Swiss National Science Foundation (AR, JSB, SB and SEA), a SNSF Sinergia grant (SJ, DM, SB, JSB and AR), the European Commission anEUploidy Integrated Project grant 037627 (AR, SB, XE, HGB and SEA), the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (AV), the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SB, ZK), an Imperial College Dept of Medicine PhD studentship (JSe-SM), the Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, and the National Institute for Health Research (PE), the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council (AIFB and PF), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)-FIS, the German Mental Retardation Network funded through a grant of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (NGFNplus 01GS08160) to A Reis and European Union-FEDER (PI081714, PS09/01778), SAF2008-02278 (XE, MG, FFA), the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research - Flanders (NVA, RFK), the Dutch Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZONMW grant 917-86-319) and Hersenstichting Nederland (BBAdV), grant 81000346 from the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (YGY), the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative, Autism Speaks and NIH grant GM061354 (JFG), and the OENB grant 13059 (AK-B). YS holds a Young Investigator Award from the Children's Tumor Foundation and Catalyst Award from Harvard Medical School, and BLW, a Fudan Scholar Research Award from Fudan University, a grant from Chinese National '973' project on Population and Health (2010CB529601) and a grant from Science and Technology Council of Shanghai (09JC1402400). ERS and SL, recipients of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar award, acknowledge the CIHR MOP 74502 operational grant. EGCUT received support from the EU Centre of Excellence in Genomics and FP7 grants #201413 and #245536, from Estonian Government SF0180142s08, SF0180026s09 and SF0180027s10 (AM, KM, AK). The Helmholtz Zentrum Munich and the State of Bavaria financed KORA, also supported by the German National Genome Research Network (NGFN-2 and NGFNPlus: 01GS0823), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), and the Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health, LMUinnovativ). CIBEROBN and CIBERESP are initiatives of ISCIII (Spain). SWS holds the GlaxoSmithKline-Canadian Institutes of Health (CIHR) Chair in Genetics, Genomics at the University of Toronto and the Hospital for Sick Children and is supported by Genome Canada and the McLaughlin Centre. deCODE was funded in part by NIH grant MH071425 (KS), EU grant HEALTH-2007-2.2.1-10-223423 (Project PsychCNV) and EU grant IMI-JU-NewMeds., Centre de génomique intégrative, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Memorial University of Newfoundland [St. John's], Friedrich Alexander University [Erlangen-Nürnberg], Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervicofaciale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Weizmann Institute of Science, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Roger Salengro-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital nord, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-GHICL, Centre hospitalier de Béthune, Università degli Studi di Siena (UNISI)-Medical Genetics, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-IFR140-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU)-HMNC Brain Health-Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), University of Oxford [Oxford], Technische Universität München [München] (TUM)-Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM)-German Research Center for Environmental Health, University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Universita degli studi di Genova -G. Gaslini Institute, University of Toronto-The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, University of Toronto-The Hospital for Sick Children-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL (IBLI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), De Villemeur, Hervé, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland., Other departments, Reymond, Alexandre, Antonarakis, Stylianos, Sloan Bena, Frédérique, Bottani, Armand, Callier, Patrick, Gimelli, Stefania, Merla, Giuseppe, Vollenweider, Peter, Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM)-Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM)-German Research Center for Environmental Health, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), University of Toronto-The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Aging, Transcription, Genetic, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Body Height, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Cohort Studies, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Developmental Disabilities, Energy Metabolism, Europe, Female, Gene Dosage, Gene Duplication, Gene Expression Profiling, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Head, Heterozygote, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Mutation, North America, Obesity, Phenotype, RNA, Messenger, Sequence Deletion, Thinness, Young Adult, Physiology, RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics, Genome-wide association study, HIDDEN-MARKOV MODEL, 0302 clinical medicine, Sequence Deletion/genetics, ddc:576.5, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Body Height/genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 3. Good health, population characteristics, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics, Human, Locus (genetics), Gene Duplication/genetics, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, education, SNP GENOTYPING DATA, Thinness/genetics, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Pair 16, Case-control study, nutritional and metabolic diseases, social sciences, medicine.disease, DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION, Human medicine, Body mass index, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Messenger, Obesity/genetics, FAILURE-TO-THRIVE, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Head/anatomy & histology, METABOLIC SYNDROME, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR, Failure to thrive, medicine.symptom, Underweight, Transcription, geographic locations, Mutation/genetics, Population, Biology, Chromosomes, 150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function, medicine, Preschool, 030304 developmental biology, COPY NUMBER VARIATION, Mental Disorders/genetics, Energy Metabolism/genetics, RELATIVE QUANTIFICATION, Gene Dosage/genetics, Newborn, BODY-MASS INDEX, CIRCULAR BINARY SEGMENTATION, RNA, Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [NCMLS 6], human activities, Developmental Disabilities/genetics
Abstract

To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field. Both obesity and being underweight have been associated with increased mortality. Underweight, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 18.5 kg per m(2) in adults and ≤ -2 standard deviations from the mean in children, is the main sign of a series of heterogeneous clinical conditions including failure to thrive, feeding and eating disorder and/or anorexia nervosa. In contrast to obesity, few genetic variants underlying these clinical conditions have been reported. We previously showed that hemizygosity of a ∼600-kilobase (kb) region on the short arm of chromosome 16 causes a highly penetrant form of obesity that is often associated with hyperphagia and intellectual disabilities. Here we show that the corresponding reciprocal duplication is associated with being underweight. We identified 138 duplication carriers (including 132 novel cases and 108 unrelated carriers) from individuals clinically referred for developmental or intellectual disabilities (DD/ID) or psychiatric disorders, or recruited from population-based cohorts. These carriers show significantly reduced postnatal weight and BMI. Half of the boys younger than five years are underweight with a probable diagnosis of failure to thrive, whereas adult duplication carriers have an 8.3-fold increased risk of being clinically underweight. We observe a trend towards increased severity in males, as well as a depletion of male carriers among non-medically ascertained cases. These features are associated with an unusually high frequency of selective and restrictive eating behaviours and a significant reduction in head circumference. Each of the observed phenotypes is the converse of one reported in carriers of deletions at this locus. The phenotypes correlate with changes in transcript levels for genes mapping within the duplication but not in flanking regions. The reciprocal impact of these 16p11.2 copy-number variants indicates that severe obesity and being underweight could have mirror aetiologies, possibly through contrasting effects on energy balance. Leenaards Foundation Jerome Lejeune Foundation Telethon Action Suisse Foundation Swiss National Science Foundation European Commission 037627 QLG1-CT-2000-01643 Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Imperial College Department of Medicine Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust National Institute for Health Research Wellcome Trust Medical Research Council Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)-FIS German Mental Retardation Network German Federal Ministry of Education and Research NGFNplus 01GS08160 European Union PI081714 PS09/01778 201413 245536 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/223423 Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research, Flanders Dutch Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZON-MW) 917-86-319 Hersenstichting Nederland (B.B.A.d.V.) Chinese National Natural Science Foundation 81000346 Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative Autism Speaks NIH GM061354 MH071425 Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OENB) 13059 Children's Tumor Foundation Harvard Medical School Fudan University Chinese National '973' project on Population and Health 2010CB529601 Science and Technology Council of Shanghai 09JC1402400 Michael Smith Foundation for Health CIHR MOP 74502 Estonian Government SF0180142s08 SF0180026s09 SF0180027s10 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich State of Bavaria German National Genome Research Network 01GS0823 German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health, LMUinnovativ) Genome Canada McLaughlin Centre Academy of Finland 104781 120315 129269 1114194 University Hospital Oulu Biocenter University of Oulu, Finland 75617 NHLBI 5R01HL087679-02 1RL1MH083268-01 NIH/NIMH 5R01MH63706:02 ENGAGE project Medical Research Council, UK G0500539 G0600705 Academy of Finland Biocentrum Helsinki SAF2008-02278 HEALTH-F4-2007-201413

Published
2011
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22. Mild intellectual disability associated with a progeny of father-daughter incest: genetic and environmental considerations

Author

Stefania Gimelli, Ariane Paoloni-Giacobino, Frédérique Béna, James Lespinasse, and François Ansermet

Subjects
Proband, Child abuse, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/*genetics, Domestic Violence, Genetic Carrier Screening, Poison control, Social Environment, Craniofacial Abnormalities, ddc:616.89, Domestic Violence/psychology, Pregnancy, Intellectual disability, ddc:576.5, Inbreeding, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*genetics, media_common, Genetics, Daughter, Chromosome Deletion, Child Abuse, Sexual/*psychology, Pedigree, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Phenotype, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Incest/*psychology, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, Consanguinity, Father-Child Relations, Heterozygote Detection, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Intellectual Disability, medicine, Humans, Psychiatry, business.industry, Child Abuse, Sexual, medicine.disease, Self Concept, Sexual abuse, Incest, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, business, Craniofacial Abnormalities/genetics/psychology, Intellectual Disability/*genetics/*psychology
Abstract

We report the case of a 34-year-old female resulting from a father-daughter sexual abuse and presenting a phenotype of mild intellectual disability with minor dysmorphic features. Karyotyping showed a normal 46, XX constitution. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) revealed a heterozygote 320kb 6p22.3 microdeletion in the proband, encompassing only one known gene, and therefore unlikely to be the cause of the phenotype. However, the role of other genetic factors, such as a recessive condition, could not be ruled out as a putative cause for the phenotype. On the other hand, the role played by a heavily detrimental familial situation on the development and outcome, and possibly leading or contributing to a mild intellectual disability, should be taken into account.

Published
2010

23. De novo duplication of MECP2 in a girl with mental retardation and no obvious dysmorphic features

Author

Isabelle Moix, Stefania Gimelli, Joel Victor Fluss, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Armand Bottani, Frédérique Béna, Konstantinos Aliferis, Periklis Makrythanasis, and Michael A. Morris

Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, DNA Copy Number Variations, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2, Genetic counseling, MECP2 duplication syndrome, Inheritance Patterns, Rett syndrome, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/*genetics, Biology, DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics, MECP2, Young Adult, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Pregnancy, Gene Duplication, Intellectual Disability, Gene duplication, mental disorders, Genetics, medicine, Humans, ddc:576.5, Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, Child, Genetics (clinical), In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Facies, Chromosome Aberrations, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, ddc:618, Infant, Newborn, Infant, medicine.disease, Inheritance Patterns/genetics, Developmental disorder, Intellectual Disability/*genetics, Child, Preschool, Female
Abstract

Loss-of-function mutations of MECP2 are responsible for Rett syndrome (RTT), an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder affecting mainly girls. The availability of MECP2 testing has led to the identification of such mutations in girls with atypical RTT features and the recognition of milder forms. Furthermore, duplication of the entire gene has recently been described in boys with mental retardation and recurrent infections. We describe a girl with a heterozygous de novo MECP2 duplication. The patient, at the age of 19, has mental retardation with no autistic features. She is friendly but gets frequently anxious. She has neither dysmorphic features nor malformations. Her motor development was delayed with walking at 20 months. Speech is fluid with good pronunciation but is simple and repetitive. Diagnosis was made after single-strand conformation analysis (SSCA) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis of MECP2. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) analysis showed a duplication of 29 kb including MECP2 and part of IRAK1. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) has revealed that the duplicated region is inserted near the telomere of the short arm of chromosome 10. X-chromosome inactivation in leukocyte DNA was not skewed. We conclude that it is likely that this MECP2 duplication is responsible for the mental retardation in this patient. This case broadens the phenotypic spectrum of MECP2 abnormalities with consequent implication in diagnosis and genetic counselling of girls with non-syndromic mental retardation.

Published
2010

24. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) inhibition transforms human mammary gland epithelial cells

Author

Christelle Stouder, André-Pascal Sappino, Frédérique Béna, Laurence Lesne, Pierre Maechler, Curzio Rüegg, Raphaële Buser, Vincent Favaudon, Virginie Clément, Stefano J. Mandriota, and Roberto Montesano

Subjects
Genome instability, Mammary gland, Cell Cycle Proteins, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins, Mice, SCID, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/genetics/metabolism, Mice, Breast Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/pathology/prevention & control, Mice, Inbred NOD, ddc:576.5, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/metabolism, education.field_of_study, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Mammary Glands, Human/*metabolism/pathology, Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism, Molecular Bases of Disease, Cell cycle, Down-Regulation/genetics, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, DNA-Binding Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism, Female, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, Population, Down-Regulation, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Genomic Instability, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Gene silencing, Animals, Humans, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/genetics/metabolism, ddc:610, Gene Silencing, Cell Cycle Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism, education, Protein kinase A, ddc:612, Mammary Glands, Human, Molecular Biology, Cell Proliferation, Cell growth, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Epithelial Cells, Cell Biology, Epithelial Cells/*metabolism/pathology, Immunology, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics/*metabolism/pathology, Cancer research, Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Carriers of mutations in the cell cycle checkpoint protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), which represent 1-2% of the general population, have an increased risk of breast cancer. However, experimental evidence that ATM deficiency contributes to human breast carcinogenesis is lacking. We report here that in MCF-10A and MCF-12A cells, which are well established normal human mammary gland epithelial cell models, partial or almost complete stable ATM silencing or pharmacological inhibition resulted in cellular transformation, genomic instability, and formation of dysplastic lesions in NOD/SCID mice. These effects did not require the activity of exogenous DNA-damaging agents and were preceded by an unsuspected and striking increase in cell proliferation also observed in primary human mammary gland epithelial cells. Increased proliferation correlated with a dramatic, transient, and proteasome-dependent reduction of p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27(KIP1) protein levels, whereas little or no effect was observed on p21(WAF1/CIP1) or p27(KIP1) mRNAs. p21(WAF1/CIP1) silencing also increased MCF-10A cell proliferation, thus identifying p21(WAF1/CIP1) down-regulation as a mediator of the proliferative effect of ATM inhibition. Our findings provide the first experimental evidence that ATM is a human breast tumor suppressor. In addition, they mirror the sensitivity of ATM tumor suppressor function and unveil a new mechanism by which ATM might prevent human breast tumorigenesis, namely a direct inhibitory effect on the basal proliferation of normal mammary epithelial cells.

Published
2010

25. A recurrent 14q32.2 microdeletion mediated by expanded TGG repeats

Author

Stefania Gimelli, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Karin Buiting, Nathalie Brun-Druc, Andrew J. Sharp, Eugenia Migliavacca, and Frédérique Béna

Subjects
Adolescent, Medizin, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Tandem repeat, Pregnancy, Gene cluster, Gene duplication, Genetics, medicine, Direct repeat, Humans, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, ddc:616, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14, 0303 health sciences, Genome, Human, Chromosomal fragile site, 030305 genetics & heredity, Infant, Newborn, Infant, General Medicine, Gene rearrangement, Low copy repeats, medicine.disease, Physical Chromosome Mapping, Molecular biology, Uniparental disomy, Child, Preschool, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion
Abstract

Nearly all recurrent microdeletion/duplication syndromes described to date are characterized by the presence of flanking low copy repeats that act as substrates for non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) leading to the loss, gain or disruption of dosage sensitive genes. We describe an identical 1.11 Mb heterozygous deletion of 14q32.2 including the DLK1/GTL2 imprinted gene cluster in two unrelated patients. In both patients, the deleted chromosome 14 was of paternal origin, and consistent with this both exhibit clinical features compatible with uniparental disomy (UPD) (14)mat. Using a high-resolution oligonucleotide array, we mapped the breakpoints of this recurrent deletion to large flanking (TGG)(n) tandem repeats, each approximately 500 bp in size and sharing > or =88% homology. These expanded (TGG)(n) motifs share features with known fragile sites and are predicted to form strong guanine quadruplex secondary structures. We suggest that this recurrent deletion is mediated either by NAHR between the TGG repeats, or alternatively results from their inherent instability and/or strong secondary structure. Our results define a recurrent microdeletion of the 14q32.2 imprinted gene cluster mediated by flanking (TGG)(n) repeats, identifying a novel mechanism of recurrent genomic rearrangement. Our observation that expanded repeats can act as catalysts for genomic rearrangement extends the role of triplet repeats in human disease, raising the possibility that similar repeat structures may act as substrates for pathogenic rearrangements genome-wide.

Published
2010

26. Duplications of the critical Rubinstein-Taybi deletion region on chromosome 16p13.3 cause a novel recognisable syndrome

Author

Stefania Gimelli, Chin-To Fong, Joris Vermeesch, Jennifer Kussmann, Jeroen Breckpot, Jessica M. Salamone, Bernard Thienpont, Farah R. Zahir, Armand Bottani, Emmanuel Scalais, Hilde Van Esch, Jean Pierre Fryns, Michael M. Morris, Sau Wai Cheung, Jan M. Friedman, Dorothy K. Grange, Geert Mortier, Björn Menten, Nicole Philip, Koen Devriendt, Siu Li Yong, Jerome L. Gorski, Laurent Villard, and Frédérique Béna

Subjects
Proband, Male, Adolescent, Biology, PHENOTYPE, CBP, Gene Duplication, Genotype, Gene duplication, Medicine and Health Sciences, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Child, Genetics (clinical), Arthrogryposis, Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome, Chromosome, Infant, Karyotype, IMBALANCE, Syndrome, Phenotype, CREB-Binding Protein, Associated phenotype, COPY NUMBER, Child, Preschool, Karyotyping, DELAY, Female, medicine.symptom, MENTAL-RETARDATION, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, CURCUMIN
Abstract

Background The introduction of molecular karyotyping technologies facilitated the identification of specific genetic disorders associated with imbalances of certain genomic regions. A detailed phenotypic delineation of interstitial 16p13.3 duplications is hampered by the scarcity of such patients. Objectives To delineate the phenotypic spectrum associated with interstitial 16p13.3 duplications, and perform a genotype-phenotype analysis. Results The present report describes the genotypic and phenotypic delineation of nine submicroscopic interstitial 16p13.3 duplications. The critically duplicated region encompasses a single gene, CREBBP, which is mutated or deleted in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. In 10 out of the 12 hitherto described probands, the duplication arose de novo. Conclusions Interstitial 16p13.3 duplications have a recognizable phenotype, characterized by normal to moderately retarded mental development, normal growth, mild arthrogryposis, frequently small and proximally implanted thumbs and characteristic facial features. Occasionally, developmental defects of the heart, genitalia, palate or the eyes are observed. The frequent de novo occurrence of 16p13.3 duplications demonstrates the reduced reproductive fitness associated with this genotype. Inheritance of the duplication from a clinically normal parent in two cases indicates that the associated phenotype is incompletely penetrant.

Published
2009

27. Recurrent microdeletion at 17q12 as a cause of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome: two case reports

Author

Anwar Baban, Antonio Novelli, Stefania Gimelli, Bruno Dallapiccola, Giada Frontino, Massimo Carella, Laura Bernardini, Cristina Gervasini, Faustina Lalatta, Frédérique Béna, Monica Miozzo, Luigi Fedele, Maria Teresa Divizia, and Giancarlo Barbano

Subjects
Adult, Heart Defects, Congenital, Mayer rokitansky kuster hauser, medicine.medical_specialty, MRKH Syndrome, Adolescent, Mullerian Ducts, LIM-Homeodomain Proteins, Uterus, lcsh:Medicine, Biology, Kidney, Bone and Bones, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Pharmacology (medical), Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetics (clinical), Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta, Medicine(all), Gynecology, Homeodomain Proteins, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Research, lcsh:R, Congenital malformations, General Medicine, Syndrome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Vagina, Etiology, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Congenital aplasia, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Background Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) consists of congenital aplasia of the uterus and the upper part of vagina due to anomalous development of Müllerian ducts, either isolated or associated with other congenital malformations, including renal, skeletal, hearing and heart defects. This disorder has an incidence of approximately 1 in 4500 newborn girls and the aetiology is poorly understood. Methods and Results we report on two patients affected by MRKH syndrome in which array-CGH analysis disclosed an identical deletion spanning 1.5 Mb of genomic DNA at chromosome 17q12. One patient was affected by complete absence of uterus and vagina, with bilaterally normal ovaries, while the other displayed agenesis of the upper part of vagina, right unicornuate uterus, non cavitating rudimentary left horn and bilaterally multicystic kidneys. The deletion encompassed two candidate genes, TCF2 and LHX1. Mutational screening of these genes in a selected group of 20 MRKH females without 17q12 deletion was negative. Conclusion Deletion 17q12 is a rare albeit recurrent anomaly mediated by segmental duplications, previously reported in subjects with developmental kidney abnormalities and diabetes. The present two patients expand the clinical spectrum associated with this imbalance and suggest that this region is a candidate locus for a subset of MRKH syndrome individuals, with or without renal defects.

Published
2009

28. Genotype-phenotype correlations in Down syndrome identified by array CGH in 30 cases of partial trisomy and partial monosomy chromosome 21

Author

Albert Schinzel, Laurence Taine, Maher Costantine, Ingo Kennerknecht, Annick Toutain, Nobuaki Wakamatsu, Jürgen Horst, Gipsy Lopez, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Sophia Kitsiou, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Emilie Aït Yahya-Graison, Laurence Colleaux, Sarantis Gagos, Sophie Dahoun, Anna Pelet, James Lespinasse, Stanislas Lyonnet, Lina Florentin-Arar, Pierre-Marie Sinet, Corinne Gehrig, Robert Lyle, Frédérique Béna, Maria Descartes, Pascale Cornillet-Lefèbvre, Armand Bottani, Jean M. Delabar, and Judy Franklin

Subjects
Down syndrome, Monosomy, Genotype, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21, Chromosomal translocation, Trisomy, Biology, Article, Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics, Genetics, medicine, Humans, ddc:576.5, Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetics (clinical), Down Syndrome/genetics, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Breakpoint, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics, medicine.disease, Trisomy/genetics, Phenotype, Chromosome Deletion, Down Syndrome, Chromosome 21, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most frequent congenital birth defects, and the most common genetic cause of mental retardation. In most cases, DS results from the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. DS has a complex phenotype, and a major goal of DS research is to identify genotype-phenotype correlations. Cases of partial trisomy 21 and other HSA21 rearrangements associated with DS features could identify genomic regions associated with specific phenotypes. We have developed a BAC array spanning HSA21q and used array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) to enable high-resolution mapping of pathogenic partial aneuploidies and unbalanced translocations involving HSA21. We report the identification and mapping of 30 pathogenic chromosomal aberrations of HSA21 consisting of 19 partial trisomies and 11 partial monosomies for different segments of HSA21. The breakpoints have been mapped to within approximately 85 kb. The majority of the breakpoints (26 of 30) for the partial aneuploidies map within a 10-Mb region. Our data argue against a single DS critical region. We identify susceptibility regions for 25 phenotypes for DS and 27 regions for monosomy 21. However, most of these regions are still broad, and more cases are needed to narrow down the phenotypic maps to a reasonable number of candidate genomic elements per phenotype.

Published
2008

29. Characterization of an interstitial deletion 6q13-q14.1 in a female with mild mental retardation, language delay and minor dysmorphisms

Author

Ariane Paoloni-Giacobino, Stefania Gimelli, James Lespinasse, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Frédérique Béna, and François Ansermet

Subjects
Psychomotor Disorders/genetics, Language Development Disorders/ genetics, Genotype, Language delay, Biology, Gene mapping, Intellectual Disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Language disorder, Language Development Disorders, Child, Genetics (clinical), ddc:616, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Chromosome, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Developmental disorder, Female, Mental Retardation/ genetics, Chromosome Deletion, Psychomotor Disorders, Psychomotor disorder, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

Chromosomal imbalances, recognized as the major cause of mental retardation (MR), are often due to submicroscopic deletions or duplications not evidenced by conventional cytogenetic methods. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) improves considerably the detection rate of submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities and has proven to be an effective tool for detection of submicroscopic chromosome abnormalities in children with MR and/or multiple congenital defects. Observations of array-CGH deletions in defined chromosomal regions linked to a clinical phenotype will more and more allow to define genotype-phenotype correlations. We report here the case of a 10-year-old female with a de novo 7.8 Mb deletion in the 6q13-6q14.1 ascertained by array-CGH. The clinical features of this patient include psychomotor and language delay associated with minor dysmorphic features.

Published
2008

30. Recurrent rearrangements of chromosome 1q21.1 and variable pediatric phenotypes

Author

Xavier Estivill, Charles E. Schwartz, Louise Gallagher, Karen Buysse, Soo Mi Park, Iris Casuga, Stefania Gimelli, Regina Regan, Zhaoshi Jiang, Carl Baker, Pasquale Striano, Heather C Mefford, Patrick Verloo, Joris A. Veltman, Giorgio Gimelli, Edward S. Tobias, Sabina Gallati, Jon McClellan, Corrado Romano, Chris Lilley, Kelly Li, Samantha J. L. Knight, Joris Vermeesch, William Reardon, Markus Schwerzmann, Roger E. Stevenson, Koenraad Norga, Martin Poot, Geert Mortier, Yves Spysschaert, Ellen van Binsbergen, Evan E. Eichler, Koenraad Devriendt, Lorraine Gaunt, Bernard Conrad, Lluís Armengol, Stuart Schwartz, Catherine Mercer, John Tolmie, Viv K. Maloney, Lionel Willatt, Antonietta Coppola, Santina Reitano, Susan M. Gribble, John C. K. Barber, Anja De Coene, Frank Speleman, Frédérique Béna, Andy Itsara, Ron Hochstenbach, Caifu Chen, Linde Goossens, Adam Broomer, Tom Walsh, John A. Crolla, Shuwen Huang, Thomy de Ravel, May Tassabehji, Helen V. Firth, Cindy Skinner, Amanda L. Collins, Ernie M.H.F. Bongers, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Diana Baralle, Michael Gill, Bert B.A. de Vries, Mary Claire King, Jill Clayton-Smith, Nicole de Leeuw, Georgina Parkin, Serena Nik-Zainal, Jonathan Sebat, James S. Sutcliffe, Ingrid Simonic, Björn Menten, Mariangela Lo Giudice, Marco Fichera, Lorenz Räber, Raoul C.M. Hennekam, Sarju G. Mehta, Andrew J. Sharp, Alison Male, Marcel R. Nelen, C. Geoffrey Woods, Mefford, H., Sharp, A., Baker, C., Itsara, A., Jiang, Z., Buysse, K., Huang, S., Maloney, V., Crolla, J., Baralle, D., Collins, A., Mercer, C., Norga, K., De Ravel, T., Devriendt, K., Bongers, E., De Leeuw, N., Reardon, W., Gimelli, S., Bena, F., Hennekam, R., Male, A., Gaunt, L., Clayton-Smith, J., Simonic, I., Park, S., Mehta, S., Nik-Zainal, S., Woods, C., Firth, H., Parkin, G., Fichera, M., Reitano, S., Lo Giudice, M., Li, K., Casuga, I., Broomer, A., Conrad, B., Schwerzmann, M., Räber, L., Gallati, S., Striano, P., Coppola, A., Tolmie, J., Tobias, E., Lilley, C., Armengol, L., Spysschaert, Y., Verloo, P., De Coene, A., Goossens, L., Mortier, G., Speleman, F., Van Binsbergen, E., Nelen, M., Hochstenbach, R., Poot, M., Gallagher, L., Gill, M., Mcclellan, J., King, M. -C., Regan, R., Skinner, C., Stevenson, R., Antonarakis, S., Chen, C., Estivill, X., Menten, B., Gimelli, G., Gribble, S., Schwartz, S., Sutcliffe, J., Walsh, T., Knight, S., Sebat, J., Romano, C., Schwartz, C., Veltman, J., De Vries, B., Vermeesch, J., Barber, J., Willatt, L., Tassabehji, M., Eichler, E., Gimelli, Stefania, Conrad, Bernard, Antonarakis, Stylianos, ANS - Amsterdam Neuroscience, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Paediatric Genetics, and University of Groningen

Subjects
Male, Microcephaly, Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6], Congenital, Microcephaly/genetics, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Duplication, Gene duplication, HUMAN GENOME, genetics, ddc:576.5, Copy-number variation, Child, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Heart Defects, Renal disorder [IGMD 9], Psychiatry, Gene Rearrangement, Recombination, Genetic, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, General Medicine, Microdeletion syndrome, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/ genetics, Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1, Autism spectrum disorder, congenital/genetics, Pair 1, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Functional Neurogenomics [DCN 2], Human, Heart Defects, Congenital, SEGMENTAL DUPLICATIONS, MICRODELETION SYNDROME, Context (language use), COPY-NUMBER VARIATION, Chromosomes, Article, Cataract, Congenital Abnormalities, Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3], 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, Translational research [ONCOL 3], Intellectual Disability, medicine, Humans, 22Q11.2 DELETION SYNDROME, Autistic Disorder, 030304 developmental biology, Congenital Abnormalities/ genetics, Chromosome Aberrations, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], business.industry, Genetic Variation, Autistic Disorder/ genetics, Gene rearrangement, medicine.disease, Recombination, Cataract/congenital/genetics, POLYMORPHISM, INDIVIDUALS, Genetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1], ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION, Autism, genetics, Cataract, congenital/genetics, Child, Chromosome Aberrations, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, genetics, Congenital Abnormalities, genetics, Female, Gene Duplication, Gene Rearrangement, Genetic Variation, Heart Defects, genetics, Humans, Intellectual Disability, genetics, Male, Microcephaly, genetics, Phenotype, Recombination, Mental Retardation/ genetics, business, MENTAL-RETARDATION, ARRAY-CGH, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Immunity, infection and tissue repair [NCMLS 1]
Abstract

PUBLISHED, Background Duplications and deletions in the human genome can cause disease or predispose persons to disease. Advances in technologies to detect these changes allow for the routine identification of submicroscopic imbalances in large numbers of patients. Methods We tested for the presence of microdeletions and microduplications at a specific region of chromosome 1q21.1 in two groups of patients with unexplained mental retardation, autism, or congenital anomalies and in unaffected persons. Results We identified 25 persons with a recurrent 1.35-Mb deletion within 1q21.1 from screening 5218 patients. The microdeletions had arisen de novo in eight patients, were inherited from a mildly affected parent in three patients, were inherited from an apparently unaffected parent in six patients, and were of unknown inheritance in eight patients. The deletion was absent in a series of 4737 control persons (P=1.1x10?7). We found considerable variability in the level of phenotypic expression of the microdeletion; phenotypes included mild-to-moderate mental retardation, microcephaly, cardiac abnormalities, and cataracts. The reciprocal duplication was enriched in nine children with mental retardation or autism spectrum disorder and other variable features (P=0.02). We identified three deletions and three duplications of the 1q21.1 region in an independent sample of 788 patients with mental retardation and congenital anomalies. Conclusions We have identified recurrent molecular lesions that elude syndromic classification and whose disease manifestations must be considered in a broader context of development as opposed to being assigned to a specific disease. Clinical diagnosis in patients with these lesions may be most readily achieved on the basis of genotype rather than phenotype., Supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (HD043569, to Dr. Eichler), the South Carolina Department of Disabilities and Special Needs (to Drs. Skinner, Stevenson, and Schwartz), the Wellcome Trust (061183, to Dr. Tassabehji), the Andre & Cyprien Foundation and the University Hospitals of Geneva (to Drs. Antonarakis, Bena, and Gallati), and the European Union (EU) (project 219250, to Dr. Sharp; AnEUploidy project 037627, to Drs. Leeuw, Armengol, Antonarakis, Estivill, Veltman, and de Vries). The Irish Autism Study was funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Health Research Board (a grant to Drs. Gallagher and Gill). Dr. Poot was supported by a grant from the Dutch Foundation for Brain Research (Hersenstichting grant 2008(1) 34); Drs. Regan and Knight, by the Oxford Partnership Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre; Dr. Willatt, by the Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, with funding from the United Kingdom Department of Health's National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centres funding scheme; Drs. Huang and Maloney, as part of the National Genetics Reference Laboratory (Wessex) by the United Kingdom Department of Health; Ms. Buysse, as a research assistant of the Research Foundation?Flanders (FWO?Vlaanderen); and Dr. Eichler, as an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Published
2008

31. A de novo 1.1-1.6 Mb subtelomeric deletion of chromosome 20q13.33 in a patient with learning difficulties but without obvious dysmorphic features

Author

Fabienne Marcelli, Frédérique Béna, Bernard Conrad, Loredana D'Amato Sizonenko, Sophie Dahoun, and Armand Bottani

Subjects
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20, In situ hybridization, Biology, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Gene, Genetics (clinical), In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, medicine.diagnostic_test, Learning Disabilities, Breakpoint, Chromosome, Telomere, Subtelomere, Phenotype, Molecular biology, Strabismus, Child, Preschool, Face, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Fluorescence in situ hybridization, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

We report on a de novo submicroscopic deletion of 20q13.33 identified by subtelomeric fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in a 4-year-old girl with learning difficulties, hyperlaxity and strabismus, but without obvious dysmorphic features. Further investigations by array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and FISH analysis allowed us to delineate the smallest reported subterminal deletion of chromosome 20q, spanning a 1.1-1.6 Mb with a breakpoint localized between BAC RP5-887L7 and RP11-261N11. The genes CHRNA4 and KCNQ2 implicated in autosomal dominant epilepsy are included in the deletion interval. Subterminal 20q deletions as found in the present patient have, to our knowledge, only been reported in three patients. We review the clinical and behavioral phenotype of such "pure" subterminal 20q deletions.

Published
2007

32. Consangunity and psychosis in Algeria. A family study

Author

L. Stenz, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Michel Guipponi, Frédérique Béna, Hanan Hamamy, A. Dahdouh Guermouche, Julien Prados, and B. Semaoune

Subjects
Genetics, education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Genome-wide association study, Pedigree chart, Consanguinity, Biology, medicine.disease, Genome, Genetic architecture, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mood disorders, medicine, Medical genetics, education
Abstract

Several studies have affirmed the existence of a strong and complex genetic component in the determination of psychotic disorders. However, the genetic architecture of these disorders remains poorly understood. GWAS studies conducted over the past decade have identified some associations to low effect, and the major part of this heritability remains unexplained, thus calling into question the hypothesis of “common disease – common variant” for model involving a large number of rare variants. Family studies of extended pedigrees selected from geographical isolate can be a powerful approach in identifying rare genetic variants of complex diseases such as psychotic disorders. Here, we studied four multigenerational families in which co-exist psychotic and mood disorders and a high rate of consanguinity, identified in the northwest of Algeria. This case-control study aimed to characterize new rare genetic variants responsible for psychosis. These families have received complete clinical and genealogical investigations, genome wide analysis that were performed in the laboratory of medical genetics in the university hospital of Geneva. A genome wide research CNVs using Agilent Human Genome CGH Microarray Kit 44 K, covering 45 subjects including 20 patients and in a control population of 55 individuals. Three CNVs that had never been reported to date have been identified in one of four families and validated by two techniques. It is the dup 4q26, and 16q23.1 del del21q21. These CNVs are transmitted by either parent line, suggesting a cumulative effect on the risk of psychotic disorders. Further analyzes using pan-genomic linkage analysis using GWAS chip (Illumina Human 660 W-Quad v1.0 Breadchip) and complete WES (by GAIIx Illumina/HiSeq 2000) were performed in some related individuals to search other mutations may explain the appearance of the phenotype in this population.

Published
2015
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33. A new locus on chromosome 22q13.31 linked to recessive genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) in a Tunisian consanguineous family

Author

Michel Guipponi, Amel Benammar Elgaaied, Annick Salzmann, Chiraz Bouchlaka Souissi, H. Mrabet, Frédérique Béna, Amel Mrabet, Alain Malafosse, and Nejla Belhedi

Subjects
GEFS+, Exome sequencing, Male, Tunisia, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic Linkage, Febrile seizures, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22, Autosomal recessive, DNA Mutational Analysis, Black People, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Locus (genetics), Consanguinity, Genome wide SNPs, Biology, Seizures, Febrile, Epilepsy, Genetic linkage, medicine, Genetics, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Genotyping, 3' Untranslated Regions, Genetics (clinical), Haplotype, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Exons, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Phenotype, Haplotypes, Genetic Loci, Epilepsy, Generalized, Female, Linkage analysis, Research Article
Abstract

Background Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) is a familial epilepsy syndrome with extremely variable expressivity. The aim of our study was to identify the responsible locus for GEFS+ syndrome in a consanguineous Tunisian family showing three affected members, by carrying out a genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping followed by a whole-exome sequencing. We hypothesized an autosomal recessive (AR) mode of inheritance. Results Parametric linkage analysis and haplotype reconstruction identified a new unique identical by descent (IBD) interval of 527 kb, flanking by two microsatellite markers, 18GTchr22 and 15ACchr22b, on human chromosome 22q13.31 with a maximum multipoint LOD score of 2.51. Our analysis was refined by the use of a set of microsatellite markers. We showed that one of them was homozygous for the same allele in all affected individuals and heterozygous in healthy members of this family. This microsatellite marker, we called 17ACchr22, is located in an intronic region of TBC1D22A gene, which encodes a GTPase activator activity. Whole-exome sequencing did not reveal any mutation on chromosome 22q13.31 at the genome wide level. Conclusions Our findings suggest that TBC1D22A is a new locus for GEFS+.

Published
2013

34. 412 Combination of Genomic Technologies and Consanguinity in Order to Identify Pathogenic Variants in Recessive Disorders

Author

A Vanier, Amira Masri, Emilie Falconnet, Nadine Jalkh, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Armand Bottani, Hanan Hamamy, Fatma Al-Jasmi, G Duriaux-Sail, Mari Nelis, Siv Fokstuen, Elisavet Stathaki, S Al-Hait, Stefania Gimelli, Periklis Makrythanasis, Siham Chafai Elalaoui, Mona Aglan, Sophia Kitsiou, E. Kanavakis, Federico Santoni, Lihadh Al-Gazali, N All-Allawi, Michel Guipponi, H Frissyra, Abdelaziz Sefiani, Frédérique Béna, Samia A. Temtamy, Stavroula Psoni, André Mégarbané, H Chaabouni Bouhamed, and Maha S. Zaki

Subjects
Genetics, Candidate gene, Genotype-phenotype distinction, business.industry, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Medicine, Consanguinity, Runs of Homozygosity, Allele, business, Genotyping, Inbreeding, Exome
Abstract

Consanguinity and inbreeding increase the sharing of alleles among individuals; thus a considerable number of autosomal recessive phenotypes occur in offspring(s) of consanguineous couples. We have collected samples from consanguineous families with different phenotypes of unknown etiology that are compatible with autosomal recessive transmission, in order to identify the responsible functional genomic variation. 42 families of different ethnic background have been collected so far. From each family, DNA from the patient(s), unaffected siblings and the parents is extracted. Samples are i/analyzed by array-CGH for the detection of homozygous deletions; ii/genotyped with a 720K SNP-array in order to identify Runs of Homozygosity and the areas of the genome that could include the causative variant; iii/exome sequenced (one affected individual/family). Mean coverage is 130x and 98.2% of the coding region of RefSeq is covered at least 8x. By comparing the genotyping and sequencing data, we found that Single Nucleotide Variants (that passed the quality threshold) were detected with a specificity of 99.95%, sensitivity of 97.7%, Positive Predictive Value 99.2% and Negative Predictive Value 98.6%. On average we identified 21901 variants/exome. So far we analysed 26 families and identified the causative variation in known genes in 3 of them:VLDLR, FKTN and DMP1. In 12 families 23 candidate genes/variants have been identified(more than 1 candidate genes/family). In 11 families the likely molecular defect has not been identified. Consanguineous families provide an opportunity to identify pathogenic variants responsible for recessive phenotypes and rapidly fill in the gap between genotype and phenotype.

Published
2012
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35. Mutation-specific pathophysiological mechanisms define different neurodevelopmental disorders associated with SATB1 dysfunction

Author

Antonio Vitobello, Christel Depienne, Kelly Radtke, Bruria Ben-Zeev, Vaidutis Kučinskas, Hirofumi Kashii, Leslie Granger, Florence Demurger, Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky, Androu Waheeb, Takeshi Mizuguchi, Lip H. Moey, Urania Kotzaeridou, Frédérique Béna, Fernando Kok, Timothy Blake Palculict, Yasmin Hamzavi Abedi, Satoko Miyatake, Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Linda Manwaring, Laura Elena Orec, Laurens Wiel, Han G. Brunner, Sylvie Odent, Eric Vilain, Linh Tran, Simon E. Fisher, Emmanuèlle C. Délot, Vidya Krishnamurthy, Rebecca C. Spillmann, Hilary Coon, Shelagh Joss, Hui B. Chew, Matias Wagner, David A. Dyment, Kirsty McWalter, Michael W. Parker, Adam Jackson, Margje Sinnema, Pengfei Liu, Elke de Boer, Alma Kuechler, Christoffer Nellåker, Christian Gilissen, Yasuo Hachiya, Marcia C. Willing, Shivarajan M. Amudhavalli, Alexander P.A. Stegmann, Ange-Line Bruel, Siddharth Banka, Joery den Hoed, Vardiella Meiner, Rosalyn Jewell, Britton D Zuccarelli, Alexander J. M. Dingemans, Kelly L. Jones, Anja A. Kattentidt-Mouravieva, Matthew Osmond, Orly Elpeleg, Andrea K. Petersen, Nicolas Guex, Dianne F. Newbury, Jill A. Rosenfeld, Alexandre Reymond, Mohamad A. Mikati, Tjitske Kleefstra, Lisenka E.L.M. Vissers, Naomichi Matsumoto, Vincent R. Bonagura, Loreta Cimbalistienė, Benoît Mazel, Hayley S. Mountford, Isabelle Thiffault, Rolph Pfundt, Ruth Newbury-Ecob, Teresa Santiago-Sim, Alinoë Lavillaureix, Eglė Preikšaitienė, Jacqueline Chrast, Toshiyuki Itai, Norine Voisin, Usha Kini, Emmanuelle Ranza, Caitlin Schwager, Brooke Horist, Samantha A. Schrier Vergano, Jennifer Hanebeck, Juliana H. Vedovato-dos-Santos, Mitsuhiro Kato, Theresa Brunet, Lot Snijders Blok, Jayne Y. Hehir-Kwa, Shehla Mohammed, Benjamin Haber, Hagar Mor-Shaked, Laurence Faivre, Dian Donnai, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Children's Mercy Hospital [Kansas City], University of Manchester [Manchester], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre de référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest [Rennes], Radboud University [Nijmegen], Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Radboud university [Nijmegen], The DDD study, RS: GROW - R4 - Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine, Klinische Genetica, and MUMC+: DA Klinische Genetica (5)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Models, Molecular, MISSENSE MUTATIONS, CHROMATIN, Transcription, Genetic, Cell, Medizin, Disease, Haploinsufficiency, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, Missense mutation, de novo variants, Genetics (clinical), INTERLEUKIN-2, seizures, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Chromatin binding, neurodevelopmental disorders, Metabolic Disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 6], SATB1, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, intellectual disability, Female, teeth abnormalities, Protein Binding, Neuroinformatics, EXPRESSION, GENES, Mutation, Missense, Biology, BINDING PROTEIN, REGION, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein Domains, Report, medicine, HPO-based analysis, Humans, Genetic Association Studies, Hpo-based Analysis, Satb1, Cell-based Functional Assays, De Novo Variants, Intellectual Disability, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Seizures, Teeth Abnormalities, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, Nanomedicine Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 19], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, cell-based functional assays
Abstract

Whereas large-scale statistical analyses can robustly identify disease-gene relationships, they do not accurately capture genotype-phenotype correlations or disease mechanisms. We use multiple lines of independent evidence to show that different variant types in a single gene,SATB1, cause clinically overlapping but distinct neurodevelopmental disorders. Clinical evaluation of 42 individuals carryingSATB1variants identified overt genotype-phenotype relationships, associated with different pathophysiological mechanisms, established by functional assays. Missense variants in the CUT1 and CUT2 DNA-binding domains result in stronger chromatin binding, increased transcriptional repression and a severe phenotype. Contrastingly, variants predicted to result in haploinsufficiency are associated with a milder clinical presentation. A similarly mild phenotype is observed for individuals with premature protein truncating variants that escape nonsense-mediated decay and encode truncated proteins, which are transcriptionally active but mislocalized in the cell. Our results suggest that in-depth mutation-specific genotype-phenotype studies are essential to capture full disease complexity and to explain phenotypic variability.

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36. Microarray based analysis of an inherited terminal 3p26.3 deletion, containing only the CHL1 gene, from a normal father to his two affected children

Author

Stefania Gimelli, Margherita Lerone, Giorgio Gimelli, Frédérique Béna, Cristina Cuoco, Monica Mascaretti, Maria Teresa Divizia, Patrizia Ronchetto, and Marisol Mirabelli-Badenier

Subjects
Male, Microcephaly, Candidate gene, Genetic counseling, lcsh:Medicine, Case Report, Biology, Bioinformatics, CHL1, Fathers, Intellectual Disability, medicine, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Pharmacology (medical), Child, Gene, Growth Disorders, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Genetics (clinical), Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Genetics, Medicine(all), Siblings, lcsh:R, Chromosome Mapping, Membrane Proteins, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Penetrance, Chromosome 3, Karyotyping, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, Chromosome Deletion, Cell Adhesion Molecules
Abstract

Background terminal deletions of the distal portion of the short arm of chromosome 3 cause a rare contiguous gene disorder characterized by growth retardation, developmental delay, mental retardation, dysmorphisms, microcephaly and ptosis. The phenotype of individuals with deletions varies from normal to severe. It was suggested that a 1,5 Mb minimal terminal deletion including the two genes CRBN and CNTN4 is sufficient to cause the syndrome. In addition the CHL1 gene, mapping at 3p26.3 distally to CRBN and CNTN4, was proposed as candidate gene for a non specific mental retardation because of its high level of expression in the brain. Methods and Results we describe two affected siblings in which array-CGH analysis disclosed an identical discontinuous terminal 3p26.3 deletion spanning less than 1 Mb. The deletion was transmitted from their normal father and included only the CHL1 gene. The two brothers present microcephaly, light mental retardation, learning and language difficulties but not the typical phenotype manifestations described in 3p- syndrome. Conclusion a terminal 3p26.3 deletion including only the CHL1 gene is a very rare finding previously reported only in one family. The phenotype of the affected individuals in the two families is very similar and the deletion has been inherited from an apparently normal parent. As already described for others recurrent syndromes with variable phenotype, these findings are challenging in genetic counselling because of an evident variable penetrance.

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