79 results on '"Farhan Raza Khan"'
Search Results
2. Oral health related quality of life in head and neck cancer survivors within the first year following treatment: a cross-sectional study in Karachi, Pakistan
- Author
-
Sana Qamar, Shafquat Rozi, Sobia Sawani, Muhammad Sohail Awan, Shabbir Akhtar, Moghira Iqbaluddin Siddiqui, Syed Akbar Abbas, Shazia Taimoor, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract After completing treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC), patients often face oral complications like oral pain, limited mouth opening and dry mouth which significantly reduce their oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). These issues impact their overall well-being, social activities and long-term survival. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate OHRQoL and its association with sociodemographic characteristics, oral hygiene practices and oral clinical parameters such as oral hygiene status and oral mucositis grade in patients who have completed treatment for head and neck cancer. This cross-sectional study involved 79 HNC-treated patients within first year after completion of cancer treatment attending ENT and dental clinics at outpatient department (OPD) setting in Karachi. Data was collected electronically using structured questionnaire comprising of EORTC QLQ H&N – 35 to measure OHRQoL, patients were also examined for oral hygiene status using oral hygiene index- simplified (OHI-s) and oral mucositis grade using WHO oral mucositis scale. Multiple linear regression was used to test OHRQoL associations with the sociodemographic and different clinical factors. The result showed an overall mean score for oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of 25.02 ± 15.86 (95% CI 21.46–28.57), with difficulty in mouth opening 53.16 ± 18.88 and dry mouth 45.14 ± 24.48 being predominant concerns for decline in the OHRQoL in the population. Male predilection was observed among participants n = 60 (75.9%), majority of the participants n = 41 (51.9%) were below 52 years of age. n = 63 (80%) participants received radiotherapy alongside surgery and chemotherapy. Most of participants n = 66 (83.5%) experienced moderate to severe oral mucositis with poor oral hygiene status n = 56 (71%). Significant associations were found between OHRQoL and BMI, OH status, marital status, monthly income, gender and fluoride toothpaste (p
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Oral mucositis & oral health related quality of life in women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer in Karachi, Pakistan: A multicenter hospital based cross-sectional study.
- Author
-
Asad Allana, Uzma Shamsi, Yasmin Rashid, Farhan Raza Khan, and Shafquat Rozi
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundOral mucositis is an inflammatory condition of oral cavity which is a common and serious side effect of cancer treatment. Severe oral mucositis compromises basic functions like eating and swallowing causing malnutrition also affecting overall patient's oral health related quality of life. The aim of the study was to find the frequency of oral mucositis in patients with breast cancer during their chemotherapy, the factors associated with oral mucositis & the overall patient's oral health related quality of life.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted and a total of 160 women diagnosed with breast cancer, receiving chemotherapy and who had undergone at least one cycle of chemotherapy were recruited from two hospital settings. In-person interviews were done, patients were asked questions about their sociodemographic history, personal habits, oral history and oral findings, breast cancer stage, chemotherapy history and Oral Health Related Quality of Life. Their oral examination was done at the end of the interview to assess presence or absence of oral mucositis, using World Health Organization oral mucositis tool. Oral Health Related Quality of Life was assessed using Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaire.ResultsOur results showed that out of 160 patients 88 (55%) of the breast cancer cases developed oral mucositis during chemotherapy. The mean Oral Health Impact Profile -14 scores in patients with oral mucositis was high 18.36±0.96 showing poor Oral Health Related Quality of Life. Occasional frequency of brushing was significantly associated with oral mucositis (Prevalence ratio:2.26, 95%_CI 1.06-4.84) compared to those patients who brushed once and twice daily. Low level of education showed negative association with oral mucositis (Prevalence ratio:0.52, 95%_CI 0.31-0.88).ConclusionOur study showed significant positive association of occasional brushing with OM and protective association of low level of education with the development of OM. Emphasis should be given to oral hygiene instructions and dental education to cancer patients in oncology clinics with the prescription of mouth washes, gels and toothpaste to patients to decrease OM during chemotherapy.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Impact of fixed dental prosthesis on neuroimaging: assessment of artefacts
- Author
-
Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi, Raima Kaleemi, Wafa Zehra Jamal, Dr Muhammad Azeemuddin, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Fixed dental prosthesis ,Imaging, CT scan ,MRI ,OPG ,Artefacts ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency and extent of artefacts in magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography scans of head caused by fixed dental prosthesis. Method: The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital from July to December 2021, and comprised magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography scans from January 2015 to December 2020 of the head of individuals with existing fixed dental prosthetic work at the time of exposure. They were analysed for the presence of artefacts. The association between artefacts and the presence of fixed dental prosthesis was explored. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 297 images evaluated, 173 (58%) were magnetic resonance imaging scans, and 124(42%) were computed tomography scans. The most common artefacts was grade I 148(49.8%), followed by grade II 140(47.1%) and grade III 9(3%). There was no significant association between fixed dental prosthesis and the artefacts (p>0.05). Conclusion: There should be no reservations in placing fixed metal prosthesis in individuals on account of future brain scans. Key Words: Fixed dental prosthesis, Imaging, CT scan, MRI, OPG, Artefacts.
- Published
- 2024
5. Setting the boundaries and scope of practice for the two sister specialities of dentistry: operative dentistry-endodontics and prosthodontics
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Scope-of-practice regulation ,Appointment ,Credentialing ,Group practice ,Medicine - Abstract
Dental academia in Pakistan has recently achieved an important milestone. The name of Operative Dentistry speciality has been changed to Operative Dentistry & Endodontics (ODE). It was a much-needed change that was first felt about two decades ago. However, with the correction of name, there are certain challenges that this speciality has to manage now. These include improving the curriculum, setting up standards, and lastly, setting up its boundaries and scope of practice as some of its scope overlaps with a sister speciality called Prosthodontics. This overlapping of the boundaries of dental disciplines is a problem that is unique to Pakistan, India, and some East Asian countries where Operative Dentistry or Conservative Dentistry is combined with Endodontics. This paper aims to discuss the objective delineation of dental procedures and suggest a model of peaceful co-existence of sister dental specialities. Keywords: Scope-of-practice regulation, Appointment, Credentialing, Group practice.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Response from F R Khan, S M R Kazmi, H K Siddiqui, et al. (J Pak Med Assoc. 2023; 73: 1275-1279) Prosthetic complications with dental implants: A bibliometric analysis of 20 top cited articles
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan, Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi, Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui, and Ayesha Aziz
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
dental implants: a bibliometric analysis of 20 top cited articles. J Pak Med Assoc. PMID: 37427629.”1was published in June 2023. We believe that the reader has mixed up this paper with an earlier paper of ours, titled “A bibliometric analysis of the studies on dental implant failure. J Pak Med Assoc. PMID: 35202375.2 Dental implants have two types of failures: surgical (related to implant fixture, its placement techniques and bone biology etc.) and prosthetic (related to implant prosthesis, crown, abutment, other components, or technical issues arising from laboratory made implant prosthesis). The former paper was about identifying the top-cited publications on the surgical failures of implants whereas the latter bibliometrics related to the implant prosthetic complications. Regarding methodology of bibliometrics, the search terms we adopted for the first paper was “dental implant failure” whereas for the second paper, we employed “Prosthetic complication in dental implant” without using any Boolean operator. These key terms were searched in the abstracts using Web of Science, Google Scholar, and other electronic sources published in English language upto June 2021. We employed the option of “cited reference search” for ascertaining the number of citations. To review and synthesise the data, multiple parameters were explored. These included authors, journal, citation count, citation density, keywords and study design, and geographic and institutional affiliation of the first or corresponding authors. The country of literature emergence was determined by the address of the corresponding author. The details of methodology are already shared in the above-mentioned papers. Another important observation made by the reader was that the table 2 and table 3 displayed the same information that has already been shared in table 1. So why was it done? And that too in both the papers. The answer to this question is that although table 1 in both the papers displayed the primary bibliometric data but to stratify the data, based on author, institution, and the journal, table 2 was composed and to emphasize the study designs table 3 was made. That helped us to identify that there is just one clinical trial among top 30 cited papers on dental implant failures and more alarmingly, no randomized controlled trials in the list of top 20 cited papers on the implant prosthetic failures. Thus, table 2 and table 3 represented the subset of the data.
- Published
- 2023
7. Is there a difference between disease-free survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma referred by dentists versus other physicians? -A systematic review
- Author
-
Kanza Ghauri, Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Oral squamous cell carcinoma ,Cancer-free survival ,Early detection ,Referrals ,Medicine - Abstract
Objectives: To compare disease-free survival rates in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients initially attended to and referred by dentists versus other physicians. Methods: The systematic review was conducted after registration with the International prospective register of systematic reviews at the University of York, the United Kingdom, and comprised search on Medline, PubMed, Cochrane and CINAHAL Plus databases for studies published up to December 2021. The Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcomes-Study criteria was used to search for studies involving patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma receiving referrals by dentist or by other healthcare providers. Disease-free survival of patients was taken as the main outcome. Customized data collection proforma was used to record data in line with the Preferred Reporting Items in Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Data was subjected to systematic, qualitative review. Results: Of the 344 studies found, 8(2.3%) were analysed in detail. Patients referred by dentists ranged from 22.6% to 54%. Males comprised 53% to 70.3% of the sample. The highest number of referrals was made by primary physicians, ranging from 27.4% to 71.6%. Upto 67.6% cases were diagnosed with stage 1 and 2 oral cancer. The highest 5-year survival rate was 75% in a study where 59% patients were diagnosed at an early stage of disease. Conclusion: The relative scarcity of studies makes it impossible to draw an association between oral cancer survival rate and type of referral. Key Words: Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Cancer-free survival, Early detection, Referrals.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Evaluation of gingival biotype and recession following non-surgical periodontal treatment using 3-dimensional scan method
- Author
-
Ali Sadiq, Jacopo Buti, Kevin Seymour, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
The study evaluated the position of gingival margins in anterior teeth using clinical and 3-dimensional (3D) optical scanning method among patients subjected to non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). A single arm, longitudinal study was undertaken at the Archway Dental Center, University of Manchester, UK. History and clinical examination were done. Gingival recession, attachment loss (AL), and periodontal probing depth (PD) were recorded at baseline and 12-weeks follow-up. NSPT was done using hand and ultrasonic instruments. Impressions were made, the resultant gypsum models were scanned to generate 3D images. The change in the gingival level and thickness of facial gingiva were assessed. Out of eight patients recruited, three were lost to follow up. The 3D scan showed a poor correlation with the clinical assessment of gingival recession in anterior teeth following NSPT (r=-0.0089). Recession did not improve after NSPT (p 0.20). Keywords: Gingival recession; biotype; probing depth; attachment loss; non-surgical periodontal treatment.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. An improvised approach for regaining mouth opening and managing tooth wear in oral sub-mucous fibrosis
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan and Muhammad Rizwan Nazeer
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
This case report demonstrates the full mouth prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with generalised compensated tooth wear and oral sub-mucous fibrosis (OSMF). A 50-year-old female with advanced tooth wear and concomitant OSMF presented to the clinic. She was managed in a sequential manner using an occlusal splint, extractions of hopeless teeth, root canal treatment of strategically important teeth, surgical crown lengthening of abutment teeth, and dental implants to replace missing dentition, followed by crown and bridgework to rehabilitate the dentition. All procedures were done on the principles of re-organised occlusal intervention. The outcome was a functional dentition with an aesthetic smile and a satisfied patient. The regaining of mouth opening among OSMF subjects is a challenge. ---Continue
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The utility of pre-procedural COVID-PCR testing for dental aerosol generating procedures is questionable
- Author
-
Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi, Wafa Zehra Jamal, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objectives: To compare the number of aerosol-generating procedures performed and the number of coronavirus disease-2019-positive workers in dental practice. Method: The audit study was conducted in May 2021 at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021, which was retrieved from dental clinics at the main hospital and its Clifton branch as well as in three secondary care hospitals in Garden, Kharadar, Karimabad areas of Karachi, and one in Hyderabad, Pakistan. Data of individuals who followed mandatory pre-procedural polymerase chain reaction testing in addition to using personal protective equipment in the main hospital and Clifton branch was placed in group A, and of those using personal protective equipment only at the 4 satellite clinics with no testing was placed in group B. Dental charts of patients who underwent dental aerosol-generating procedures were analysed. Number of dental clinics affected by coronavirus disease-2019 and number of dental patients who were reported positive on pre-procedural polymerase chain reaction testing were evaluated. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 63 dental healthcare workers, 44(69.8%) were in group A and 19(30.2%) were in group B. In group A, 19(43.2%) were affected by coronavirus disease-2019 compared to 2(11%) in group B (p=0.01). Among 782(67.8%) patients who underwent polymerase chain reaction testing, 26(3.3%) turned out positive for coronavirus disease-2019. Due to the mandatory testing imposed on patients, 371/1153(32.2%) refused to get the desired dental treatment. Conclusion: The benefit of pre-procedural testing in dentistry remained uncertain.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Prosthetic complications with dental implants: a bibliometric analysis of 20 top-cited articles
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan, Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi, Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui, and Ayesha Aziz
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
The purpose of this review was to explore the 20 most cited articles on prosthetic complications with dental implants. Identification of such articles could be helpful in prosthodontics residency programmes in devising the curriculum of essential reading material in implantology. The Institute for Scientific Information, Web of Science Database, and Google Scholar were used to identify the 20 top-cited articles published in journals from 1980 till June 2021. These articles were then evaluated according to the number of citations, authors, study design, publication year, and publishing journal. Descriptive statistics were computed for bibliometrics. It was observed that the citation count ranged from 6,391 to 315 (in descending order). The Toronto study is the most cited study on dental implant prosthetic complications. Prospective studies and systematic and narrative reviews were the predominant study designs used in the articles; however, alarmingly no randomised controlled trials were included in the list.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Migratory dental implant in the maxillary antrum: a case report
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan, Zainab Haji, Aysha Arif, and Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Dental implants offer a predictable solution for the replacement of missing dentition. This report describes the case of a patient who underwent dental implant surgery several years ago but due to negligence on the part of previous dentist, her implant pushed into the maxillary sinus. The patient presented with vague pain and swelling in the right maxillary region. Orthopantomogram (OPG) showed that the implant was lying in the right maxillary sinus which the patient had no clue of. It was decided to retrieve the implant and later restore the missing teeth for definitive function and aesthetics. However, at the time of surgery, the implant in question was missing from the anticipated position as it had migrated to the most posterior-superior compartment of the antrum making its retrieval difficult in the first attempt. Later, a maxillofacial surgeon carried out the retrieval. ---Continue
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Evaluation of bone morphology in posterior mandible - a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) based study
- Author
-
Aysha Arif and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Inferior alveolar canal ,Cone bone computed tomography ,Root apices. ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the position of the root apices of posterior teeth of mandible with inferior alveolar nerve canal and the cortical bone on cone beam computed tomography. Method: The retrospective study was conducted from September to October 2021 at the Aga Khan University Hospital, and comprised cone beam computed tomography scans between November 2017 and October 2021 scans of healthy individuals of either gender aged 18-71 years with healthy, untreated, mandibular posterior teeth bilaterally. Shortest distance from apices of the mandibular posterior teeth to the border of inferior alveolar nerve canal, and to the mandibular buccal cortex were measured on the scans. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Result: Of the 106 scans, 55(52%) were males and 51(48%) were females. Of the 746 33teeth in the scans, 385(51.6%) were present in the scans of males and 361(48.4%) in those of the females. For all mandibular posterior teeth, the distances in females were shorter than males, but for the distance from root apices to the IAN canal, the difference between genders was significant for the roots of second premolar and second molar only on the left side (p0.05). Regarding the distance from the root apices to the buccal cortex, no significant difference was found between the genders, for each type of tooth, (p>0.05). Correlations between the distance from apex to inferior alveolar nerve (r
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Comparison of marginal accuracy in two different materials used in provisional crown & bridge – an in vitro experimental study
- Author
-
Faizan Javed, Aysha Arif, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To determine the difference in the marginal accuracy at buccal, lingual, mesial and distal margins of temporary crowns fabricated with bisacryl-based temporary crown material. Method: The in-vitro, experimental, laboratory-based study was conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, from September to December 2019, and comprised two bisacryl-based temporary crown material, Integrity and Protemp 4, which were used to fabricate a sample of 24 temporary crowns. A pre-operative polyvinyl siloxane impression served as a template for temporary crown fabrication. A right mandibular molar tooth on a typodont was prepared to receive a crown. The provisional crown material was syringed onto the template and was allowed to cure. All four surfaces of the crown were observed under a stereomicroscope equipped with digital single-lens reflex camera at 25.6x magnification. An image of each surface was captured and a photographic record was maintained. An image processing software was used for the measurement of marginal discrepancy. Marginal accuracy among the four surfaces was assessed. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Mean marginal discrepancy for provisional crowns fabricated with Protemp 4 and Integrity was 410±222um and 319±176um, respectively. The marginal discrepancy between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.027), with buccal margin exhibiting the most discrepancy (p
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Association between type of fixation and alength of stay amongst maxillofacial fracture patients: a retrospective charts review
- Author
-
Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui, Anum Aijaz, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
We aimed to explore the predictors of hospital length of stay for patients admitted and with maxillofacial injuries. Patients presenting with maxillofacial trauma were included. Poly-trauma involving neurosurgery and/ or needing orthopedics intervention were excluded. Logistic regression was applied to explore the predictors associated with the hospital stay of > 4 days. There were 241 patients with mean age 29.35 ± 12.5 years (age range 12-80 years). Mandibular fracture was the commonest observation 121(50.2%), followed by maxillary 48(19.9%), and zygomatic bone fracture 9 (3.7%). Road traffic accident 196 (81.3%) appears to be the most common etiology of maxillofacial injuries in the studied sample. The mean length of hospital stay among bone plating patients was 5.96 ±6.8 days compared to 4.15±6.2 days for ones treated without bone plating; p-value 0.05. It was concluded that longer length of stay is required in patients with more complex management including bone plates. Keywords: Maxillofacial injury; road traffic accident; bone plating; length of stay.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Surgical and prosthodontics management of a perforating giant radicular cyst in anterior maxilla: a case report
- Author
-
Momina Anis Motiwala, Kamil Zafar, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Radicular cyst is the most common type of odontogenic cyst associated with the apex of non-vital teeth. The lining of the radicular cyst usually arises from the epithelial rests of Malassez. These cyst usually persists even after the elimination of microbial load from the root canals. Surgical removal is deemed necessary for the management. For larger lesions extending to the facial or palatal cortical plates, additional regenerative procedures such as bone grafting along with collagen membrane are warranted. This case report describes the surgical and prosthetic management of a giant radicular cyst that was perforating the cortical plates in the anterior maxilla. Key words: cysts, radicular cyst; bone grafting, esthetic management, regeneration.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. A bibliometric analysis of the studies on dental implant failure
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan, Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi, and Yusra Fahim Siddiqui
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To identify top 30 studies related to dental implant failures based on bibliometric analysis. Methods: The bibliometric study was conducted at Aga Khan University, Karachi from April 2021 to June 2021 and comprised database search on Google Scholar used key words "dental implant failures" for studies published between 1990 and 2020. The selected studies were reviewed based on citation count for which the cut-off date was June 1, 2021. Results: The top 30 papers on dental implant failures had median citation count of 153 (range: 41-1583. Most of the studies were retrospective 11(36.7%), followed by literature reviews 6(20%). The top three contributing journals were the 'International Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Implants' 6(20%), the 'Clinical Oral Implants Research' 5(16.7%) and 'Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research' 3(10%). Goteborg University, Sweden, contributed the maximum number of most cited papers 8(26.7%). Continuous...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Radiographic evaluation of the margins of clinically acceptable metal-ceramic crowns
- Author
-
Sheikh Bilal Badar, Kamil Zafar, Robia Ghafoor, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To radiographically evaluate the proximal marginal fit of the clinically acceptable metal-ceramic crowns. Method: The prospective study was conducted at the dental clinics of Aga Khan University, Karachi, from July to December 2018, and comprised metal-ceramic crowns that were evaluated prior to the cementation. Clinical examinations were conducted by seating the crown on the tooth preparation and visual assessment was done using sharp explorer along the margins. Clinically acceptable crowns were then evaluated on the bite-wing radiograph. Any horizontal or vertical inaccuracy of >0.5mm at the proximal margins was recorded as 'discrepancy'. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 230 interproximal margins of 115 crowns evaluated, 113(49.1%) sites had marginal discrepancies; 44(19.1%) horizontal discrepancies, 58(25.2%) vertical discrepancies, and 11(4.8%) having both horizontal and vertical discrepancies. Horizontal crown margin discrepancies were most associated with the mesial site of the maxillary crowns, while vertical discrepancies were commonly associated with the distal aspect of all crowns (p
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Bonded amalgam as a fissure sealant in low-income setting: A randomised controlled trial
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan, Samreen Liaquat, Ghazala Rafique, Syed Iqbal Azam, and Arshad Hasan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To compare one year retention rate of bonded amalgam sealants (BAS) with that of conventional resinbased sealant (RBS). Methods: It was a parallel group, equivalence, randomised controlled trial done during March 2018 to December 2019 at the dental clinics of Dow University of Health Sciences, and the Jinnah Sind Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan on children aged 12-16 years, who were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups (BAS vs. RBS). Complete retention of the sealant at one year follow-up was labeled as success. Multi-level mixed effect logistic regression model was employed. Study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov # NCT NCT03130725. Results: There were 137 teeth (23 subjects) in the BAS and 128 teeth (15 subjects) in the RBS group that were evaluated for sealant retention at 12 months follow-up. Among the BAS group, 100/137 (73%) sealants were completely retained whereas 110/128 (86%) were fully retained in the RBS group. Nearly, 22/137 (16%) BAS and 10/128 (7.8%) RBS were completely dislodged. In multivariable analysis, subject age >15 years and male gender were found to be significantly associated with the dislodgement of sealants. Conclusions: At 12 months follow-up, the retention of bonded amalgam sealant (BAS) was significantly lower than that of the resin-based sealant (RBS). Keywords: Bonded amalgam sealants, Resin-based sealants, Retention, Caries. RCT Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov with # NCT NCT03130725.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Maxillofacial prosthodontists are needed for the rehabilitation of patients with congenital and acquired craniofacial defects
- Author
-
Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Maxillofacial Prosthodontics (MFP) is a super-specialty of prosthodontics that involves around rehabilitation of patients presenting with congenital maxillofacial defects or craniofacial disabilities acquired due to disease such as cancer or trauma. (1) There are several types of prostheses that can be designed and fabricated by a maxillofacial prosthesis to improve the quality of life of patients. A simple classification is shown in figure 1. Continuous...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Bibliometric study on the literature related to dental research and education published in Journal of Pakistan Medical Association
- Author
-
Samira Adnan, Kamil Zafar, Farhan Raza Khan, and Rizwan Ullah
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To analyse characteristics of literature related to dental research and education published in a single medical journal. Method: The bibliometric study was conducted at the Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University from March till May 2020, and comprised electronic and hand search of scientific literature relevant to dentistry published in the Journal of Pakistan Medical Association from the first issue published in 1953 till March 2020. The selected articles were analysed for year of publication, field of study, type of article, institute and country of first author, number of authors and citation count. Keyword mapping was also carried out. Data was analysed using SPSS 19. Results: Of the 159 articles identified, 117(73.6%) were contributed from Pakistan. The most common specialties were oral and maxillofacial surgery and epidemiology with 20(12.6%) each, followed by operative dentistry and endodontics 19(11.9%). Majority of articles were Original / Research 87(54.7%). The highest number of articles were published in 2019 26(16.35%). The Aga Khan University, Karachi, contributed the most publications 30(18.9%), followed by Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 11(6.9%). Majority of the articles were contributed by three authors 48(38.4%). The top cited article was found to have 113 citations, followed by 1(0.6%) each with 103 and 91 citations. Conclusions: The contribution of scientific papers related to dentistry and dental education in the Journal of Pakistan Medical Association was significant. With growth of dentistry as a discipline along with a parallel increase in the publication of dental research papers, Continuous...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Dental care of patients scheduled for cardiovascular surgery: which protocols to follow?
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan, Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui, and Muhammad Tariq Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Dental extraction of abscessed or infected teeth before cardiac operation is frequently advocated to lower the risk of infections especially infective endocarditis. The scientific evidence that supports dental procedures before cardio-valvular surgery is however limited. The aim of the present paper was to explore whether there are any protocols for patients needing dental treatment before cardiac operations. Moreover, we have discussed the real life challenges encountered in the management of such patients. Continuous....
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Relationship of natural occlusal plane with different anatomical landmarks
- Author
-
Mehwish Khan, Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi, Farhan Raza Khan, Sameer Quraeshi, and Admin
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the parallelism of natural maxillary occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line and ala-tragus line among dentate subjects. To evaluate anatomic relationship of natural mandibular occlusal plane with retromolar pad among dentate subjects Methodology: Front and profile photographs of 109 students of Fatima Jinnah Dental College with age ranging from 20 to 28 years were taken while holding the camper’s plane against the maxillary occlusal plane. The study was completed in six months. Photographs were imported in software AutoCAD(2017). An interpupillary line was drawn and angle with Camper’s plane was measured. On both profile pictures, line were drawn from base of the ala to the three different points on tragus (superior, middle and inferior). The angle between ala-tragus line and camper’s plane were measured. Intra-orally, height of the mandibular occlusal plane in relation to the retromolar pad was evaluated using a stainless steel scale. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 23. Student’s paired sample t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were applied. Results: Horizontal parallelism of occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line was observed (mean angle 1.17 ±1.27). The angle between the occlusal plane and the inferior ala-tragus line was 4.25 and 4.50 degrees on right and left side, respectively. Intraorally, mandibular occlusal plane coincided with inferior (44%) and middle third (44%) of the retromolar pad. Conclusions: Inter-pupillary line and retromolar pad area (middle & inferior third) should be used as a guide in determination of plane of occlusion. Continuous...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Changes in canal width and angle in curved canals in the resin blocks: pro taper next versus one shape instruments
- Author
-
Sheikh Bilal Badar, Kamil Zafar, Robia Ghafoor, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Objective: To compare the effect of OneShape and ProTaper Next file on the change in canal width and angle of curvature in simulated curved canal in resin blocks. Methods: The quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, from January to March 2018, and comprised endodontic resin blocks that had inbuilt curved canals. These were randomly divided into 2 equal groups and were subsequently prepared using OneShape in group A, and ProTaper Next rotary instrument in group B followed by staining with red and blue ink for comparison of pre- and post-operative images of canals. Standardised photographs were taken along with reference measuring scale. SPSS 22 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 60 blocks, 30(50%) were in each of the two groups. The mean pre-instrumentation angle of curvature was 32.3±2.13 and 31.0+3.28 degrees for groups A and B. The mean degree of canal straightening post-intervention was 1.5+0.5 and 3.6+1.38 degrees in groups A and B (p
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Aesthetic rehabilitation in a patient with skeletal mandibular deficiency and open bite: journey from splinted metalloceramic prosthesis to all-ceramic crowns
- Author
-
Rizwan Nazeer, Shizrah Jamal, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
Abstract This case report is of a 31-year-old female who presented with splinted and faulty metalloceramic prosthesis on maxillary anterior teeth, which was responsible for localised periodontal disease and poor aesthetics. At multiple sites the ceramic had chipped off and the prosthesis colour did not match with the adjacent healthy teeth. A multidisciplinary approach of endodontics, periodontics and prosthodontics was employed for this case. The treatment plan consisted of removing the faulty prosthesis, endodontic retreatment of inadequately root-treated teeth and endodontics in the other coronally prepared abutment teeth. Crown lengthening surgery was performed for the correction of periodontal pockets and high smile line and maintenance of an adequate biological width. After periodontal healing, all-ceramic individual crowns were placed on the maxillary anterior teeth along with a three-unit all-ceramic bridge for the replacement of the left upper maxillary first premolar. Continuous...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Dental care of patients scheduled for cardiovascular surgery: which protocols to follow?
- Author
-
Muhammad Usman Tariq, Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Dental procedures ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Dental care ,Surgery ,Scientific evidence ,Cardiac surgery ,stomatognathic diseases ,stomatognathic system ,Dental extraction ,Infective endocarditis ,cardiovascular system ,medicine ,business - Abstract
Dental extraction of abscessed or infected teeth before cardiac operation is frequently advocated to lower the risk of infections especially infective endocarditis. The scientific evidence that supports dental procedures before cardio-valvular surgery is however limited. The aim of the present paper was to explore whether there are any protocols for patients needing dental treatment before cardiac operations. Moreover, we have discussed the real life challenges encountered in the management of such patients. Continuous....
- Published
- 2021
27. Training Pathways in Endodontics – Operative Dentistry or Conservative Dentistry Across the Globe and a Discourse on its Training in Pakistan
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Medical education ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Operative dentistry ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Globe ,business ,Endodontics ,Training (civil) - Abstract
The objective of the paper is to present a mini review of training pathways in the specialty of Endodontics-Operative Dentistry or Conservative Dentistry across the globe and draw the attention of the readers towards the two models of training that exist in this specialty in Pakistan. KEYWORDS: dental education; Operative Dentistry; Endodontics
- Published
- 2021
28. Effect of full sulcular versus papilla-sparing flap on periodontal parameters in periradicular surgeries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Meisha Gul, Shizrah Jamal, Farhan Raza Khan, and Robia Ghafoor
- Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment ,Dentistry ,Review Article ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,Gingival recession ,apicoectomy ,business.industry ,RK1-715 ,papilla-sparing flap ,intrasulcular incision ,endodontic surgery ,Clinical trial ,Major duodenal papilla ,Periradicular ,full sulcular flap ,Clinical attachment loss ,Meta-analysis ,Apicoectomy ,Periodontics ,medicine.symptom ,business ,papilla-based incision ,periodontal parameters - Abstract
Background: Access to apical root canal system is gained after flap elevation using various incision techniques. Soft-tissue healing after periradicular surgery may include gingival recession, papilla recession, changes in probing depth, and clinical attachment loss. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of full sulcular flap design versus papilla-sparing flap design on the periodontal parameters in periradicular surgeries. Materials and Methods: It was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Electronic and manual searches were conducted in multiple databases including PubMed, Dental and Oral Sciences, Cochrane, and CINAHL Plus until May 2019. Initial search yielded 2575 studies with 5 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes assessed were gingival recession and change in the papilla height. The secondary outcomes evaluated were probing depth, clinical attachment loss, postoperative pain, bleeding, and discomfort. Random-effects model was employed for computation of effect size, and forest plots were made. Results: Out of the five articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria, three were randomized control trials and two were nonrandom trials. No significant differences were found in the gingival recession (P = 0.79), papilla height (P = 0.55), gingival bleeding, and plaque indices. Statistically significant differences in probing depth (P = 0.006) and clinical attachment loss (P = 0.0004) were observed for the two flap designs in probing depth (P = 0.006) and clinical attachment loss (P = 0.0004). Conclusions: The present systematic review and meta-analysis showed that probing depth and attachment loss are affected by the choice of flap design. On the other hand, gingival recession and papilla height are not influenced by the type of incision. However, finding of the present review may change if more studies on this topic will be included in the future. Therefore, more clinical trials with long-term follow-ups are needed.
- Published
- 2021
29. A quadruple blind, randomised controlled trial of gargling agents in reducing intraoral viral load among hospitalised COVID-19 patients: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- Author
-
Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Syed Akbar Abbas, Syed Tariq Ali, Farhan Raza Khan, Junaid Iqbal, and Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Letter ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Gargling ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,protocol ,Syringe ,lcsh:R5-920 ,business.industry ,nasal lavage ,Glasgow Coma Scale ,COVID-19 ,Hypertonic saline ,viral load ,Clinical trial ,gargles ,Nasal Lavage ,business ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Viral load ,randomised controlled trial ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objectives 1- To compare the effectiveness of 1% Hydrogen peroxide, 0.2% Povidone-Iodine, 2% hypertonic saline and a novel solution Neem extract (Azardirachta indica) in reducing intra-oral viral load in COVID-19 positive patients. 2- To determine the salivary cytokine profiles of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL- 17 among COVID-19 patients subjected to 1% Hydrogen peroxide, 0.2% Povidone-Iodine, 2% hypertonic saline or Neem extract (Azardirachta indica) based gargles. Trial design This will be a parallel group, quadruple blind-randomised controlled pilot trial with an add on laboratory based study. Participants A non-probability, purposive sampling technique will be followed to identify participants for this study. The clinical trial will be carried out at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan. The viral PCR tests will be done at main AKUH clinical laboratories whereas the immunological tests (cytokine analysis) will be done at the Juma research laboratory of AKUH. The inclusion criteria are laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 positive patients, male or female, in the age range of 18-65 years, with mild to moderate disease, already admitted to the AKUH. Subjects with low Glasgow coma score, with a history of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, who are more than 7 days past the onset of COVID- 19 symptoms, or intubated or edentulous patients will be excluded. Patients who are being treated with any form of oral or parenteral antiviral therapy will be excluded, as well as patients with known pre-existing chronic mucosal lesions such as lichen planus. Intervention and comparator Group A (n=10) patients on 10 ml gargle and nasal lavage using 0.2% Povidone-Iodine (Betadiene® by Aviro Health Inc./ Pyodine® by Brooks Pharma Inc.) for 20-30 seconds, thrice daily for 6 days. Group B (n=10) patients will be subjected to 10 ml gargle and nasal lavage using 1% Hydrogen peroxide (HP® by Karachi Chemicals Products Inc./ ActiveOxy® by Boumatic Inc.) for 20-30 seconds, thrice daily for 6 days. Group C will comprised of (n=10) subjects on 10ml gargle and nasal lavage using Neem extract solution (Azardirachta indica) formulated by Karachi University (chemistry department laboratories) for 20-30 seconds, thrice daily for 6 days. Group D (n=10) patients will use 2% hypertonic saline (Plabottle® by Otsuka Inc.) gargle and nasal lavage for a similar time period. Group E (n=10) will serve as positive controls. These will be given simple distilled water gargles and nasal lavage for 20-30 seconds, thrice daily for six days. For nasal lavage, a special douche syringe will be provided to each participant. Its use will be thoroughly explained by the data collection officer. After each use, the patient is asked not to eat, drink, or rinse their mouth for the next 30 minutes. Main outcomes The primary outcome is the reduction in the intra-oral viral load confirmed with real time quantitative PCR. Randomisation The assignment to the study group/ allocation will be done using the sealed envelope method under the supervision of Clinical Trial Unit (CTU) of Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. The patients will be randomised to their respective study group (1:1:1:1:1 allocation ratio) immediately after the eligibility assessment and consent administration is done. Blinding (masking) The study will be quadruple-blinded. Patients, intervention provider, outcome assessor and the data collection officer will be blinded. The groups will be labelled as A, B, C, D or E. The codes of the intervention will be kept in lock & key at the CTU and will only be revealed at the end of study or if the study is terminated prematurely. Numbers to be randomised (sample size) As there is no prior work on this research question, so no assumptions for the sample size calculation could be made. The present study will serve as a pilot trial. We intend to study 50 patients in five study groups with 10 patients in each study group. For details, please refer to Fig. 1 for details. Trial Status Protocol version is 7.0, approved by the department and institutional ethics committees and clinical trial unit of the university hospital. Recruitment is planned to start as soon as the funding is sanctioned. The total duration of the study is expected to be 6 months i.e. August 2020-January 2021. Trial registration This study protocol was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov on 10 April 2020 NCT04341688. Full protocol The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. The study protocol has been reported in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Clinical Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines (Additional file 2).
- Published
- 2020
30. Relationship of natural occlusal plane with different anatomical landmarks
- Author
-
null Mehwish Khan, null Syed Murtaza Raza Kazmi, null Farhan Raza Khan, null Sameer Quraeshi, and null Admin
- Subjects
Orthodontics ,Adult ,Male ,Mouth ,Plane (geometry) ,business.industry ,Dental occlusion ,Cephalometry ,Mean age ,General Medicine ,Mandible ,Dental Occlusion ,Young Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Occlusal plane ,Occlusion ,Line (geometry) ,Medicine ,Humans ,Female ,business - Abstract
Objective To evaluate the parallelism of natural maxillary occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line and ala-tragus line, and to evaluate the anatomic relationship of natural mandibular occlusal plane with retromolar pad among dentate subjects. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to February 2018 at Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, and comprised front and profile photographs of subjects aged 20-28 years while holding the camper's plane against the maxillary occlusal plane. The photographs were imported in a software and an interpupillary line was drawn and the angle with Camper's plane was measured. On both profile pictures, lines were drawn from base of the ala to the superior, middle and inferior points on the tragus. The angle between ala-tragus line and Camper's plane were measured. Intra-orally, height of the mandibular occlusal plane in relation to the retromolar pad was evaluated using a stainless steel scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results Of the 109 subjects with a mean age of 23.03±1.36 years, 76(69.72%) were females. Horizontal parallelism of occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line was observed with a mean angle of 1.17±1.27 degrees. The angle between the occlusal plane and the inferior ala-tragus line was 4.25 degrees on the right side, and 4.50 degrees on the left. Intraorally, mandibular occlusal plane coincided with the inferior 48(44%) and the middle third 48(44%) of the retromolar pad. Conclusions Inter-pupillary line and retromolar pad area should be used as a guide in the determination of plane of occlusion. The ala-tragus line was not found to be a reliable guide.
- Published
- 2021
31. A Proposed Curriculum for 5-years BDS Programme in Pakistan and its Comparison with the Curricula Suggested by PMDC and HEC
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Medical education ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Local practice ,Statutory law ,Political science ,Dental surgery ,medicine ,Higher education commission ,Curriculum - Abstract
In Pakistan, whether to enforce a 4-year BDS course versus a 5-year course, is a matter of debate that warrants multiple deliberations. In USA and Canada, dentistry is 4-year long course but students can apply for admission into dental school only when they have already done 16 years of schooling (i.e. a 4-years of graduate university education is the pre-requisite). On the other hand, In UK & Ireland, students can apply for admission into dental colleges with 12-years of high school education. However, they follow a 5-years BDS programme. Similarly, there is much difference on the emphasis on various subjects taught in the dental programmes. This paper critically appraises the PMDC and HEC advised BDS curricula in Pakistan and suggests an alternative curriculum that is more balanced in terms of subject distribution, assessment and above all contemporary to cater the evolving needs of the dynamic discipline of dentistry. KEYWORDS: Dental; education; curriculum; Pakistan HOW TO CITE: Khan FR. A Proposed curriculum for 5-years BDS Programme in Pakistan and its comparison with the curricula suggested by PMDC and HEC. J Pak Dent Assoc 2020;29(4):169-171.
- Published
- 2020
32. Comparative evaluation of Chlorhexidine, Metronidazole and combination gels on gingivitis: A randomized clinical trial
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan, Sheikh Bilal Badar, Kamil Zafar, and Robia Ghafoor
- Subjects
Dental plaque ,Dentistry ,030230 surgery ,Oral hygiene ,Oral Hygiene Index ,Tooth brushing ,03 medical and health sciences ,Gingivitis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Metronidazole ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Periodontitis ,business.industry ,Chlorhexidine ,medicine.disease ,stomatognathic diseases ,Surgery ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Gingival margin ,medicine.drug ,Research Paper - Abstract
Highlights • Gingivitis is one of the most prevalent diseases that affects 82% of adult population. • This current protocol is effective at reducing the gingival inflammation. • The use of alternate gel application of Chlorhexidine and Metronidazole showed improvement in the treatment of gingivitis. • Need further implementation of the protocol followed by re-assessment., Introduction Dental plaque has been established as an etiological factor in the development of gingivitis and periodontitis. Several antimicrobials including Chlorhexidine and Metronidazole have been used as an adjuvant to mechanical plaque removal. Objective To compare 0.8% Metronidazole gel, 0.2% Chlorhexidine gel and alternate application of the two gels in reducing gingival inflammation when used for 14 days as an adjuvant with home based oral hygiene instructions. Methods The bleeding sites, probing depth and the gingival index score will be calculated. (Group A standard 0.2% Chlorhexidine gel applied on the marginal gingiva; Group B subjects will be instructed to apply 0.8% Metronidazole gel; Group C subjects 0.2% Chlorhexidine gel on the marginal gingiva after morning tooth brushing and 0.8% Metronidazole gel after evening tooth brushing). After 2 weeks second clinical examination will be carried out for bleeding sites, probing depth and the gingival index score. Scaling & polishing of teeth in all three groups and oral hygiene instructions will be reinforced. Subjects will be recalled at 6 weeks for evaluation of gingival and oral hygiene indices. Descriptive statistics for variables such as age, baseline clinical parameters including probing depth, bleeding sites, gingival index, and oral hygiene index will be computed. Generalized estimation equation (GEE) will be run to account for the correlated data for the comparison of study arms. Friedman test will be used to assess the bleeding sites among three study groups at the baseline and endpoint. Similarly, gingival index and oral hygiene index in the three groups at baseline, after 2 weeks and 4 weeks will be compared. The level of significance will be kept at 0.05.
- Published
- 2019
33. Association between Asthma and Dental Caries amongst 12 - 15 Years Old Children: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Karachi, Pakistan
- Author
-
Wajeeha Zahid, Nida Zahid, Farhan Raza Khan, Muhammad Masood Kadir, and Shafquat Rozi
- Subjects
Food intake ,Allergy ,business.industry ,Cross-sectional study ,DMFT Index ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,medicine.disease ,Oral Hygiene Index ,Asthmatic children ,stomatognathic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,School based ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Demography ,Asthma - Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to determine an association between dental caries and asthma among 12 to 15 years old children. Methods: This is a school-based cross-sectional study conducted from January to February 2016. A random sample of 544 children aged 12 - 15 years were enrolled from five private schools of Karachi. Dental caries was assessed using DMFT Index (Decayed, Missing, Filled teeth). The main exposure variable was asthma and information on it was collected through the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Results: The data was analyzed using Cox Proportional Hazard algorithm. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% CI were reported. Total 554 children, 306 (56.3%) boys and 43.7% girls participated in the study. Mean age of children was 13.2 ± 0.05 years. Total number of children with DMFT > 0 was 30.5%. The decayed component contributed largely (22.8%) to the DMFT score. Overall prevalence of asthma was 20%. Prevalence of caries in asthmatic children was 28.4% as compared to 31% among non-asthmatic children. Adjusted prevalence ratio of dental caries in asthmatic children was 0.8 (95% CI 0.6 - 1.3) after adjusting for carious food intake, age, oral hygiene index and dentist visit; the association between asthma and dental caries turned out to be in-significant. Conclusions: There was no association observed between asthma and dental caries among the children examined in this study.
- Published
- 2019
34. Considerations over implant failures before and after peri-implantitis surgery
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan and Shizrah Jamal
- Subjects
Dental Implants ,Peri-implantitis ,business.industry ,MEDLINE ,Dentistry ,Medicine ,Humans ,Implant ,Oral Surgery ,business ,General Dentistry ,Peri-Implantitis - Published
- 2020
35. Comments on clinical behavior of posterior fixed partial dentures with a biologically oriented preparation technique: A 5-year randomized controlled clinical trial
- Author
-
Momina Anees Motiwala and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Clinical trial ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Fixed partial dentures ,medicine ,MEDLINE ,Dentistry ,Denture, Partial, Fixed ,Oral Surgery ,business ,Prosthodontics ,Denture, Partial, Fixed, Resin-Bonded - Published
- 2020
36. Predictors of the severity of oral submucous fibrosis among gutka consumers: a regression analysis
- Author
-
Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui, Farhan Raza Khan, U Hashmi, Ali Sadiq, and Z Qaiser
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Tobacco, Smokeless ,Cross-sectional study ,Dentistry ,Oral Submucous Fibrosis ,Logistic regression ,Limited mouth opening ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Oral mucosa ,Gutka ,Areca ,biology ,business.industry ,Regression analysis ,030206 dentistry ,Betel ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Logistic Models ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Oral submucous fibrosis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Surgery ,Oral Surgery ,business - Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious chronic disease of the oral mucosa that is characterised by severely limited mouth opening, blanching of the oral mucosa, and a burning sensation in the oral cavity. Consumption of betel nut and/or gutka are the known risk factors. We undertook this study to correlate the frequency and duration of gutka intake with the severity of OSMF and to determine the predictors of severe OSMF (mouth opening
- Published
- 2020
37. Effectiveness of Hall Technique for Primary Carious Molars: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- Author
-
Sheikh Bilal Badar, Sadia Tabassum, Farhan Raza Khan, and Robia Ghafoor
- Subjects
Molar ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Dentistry ,Orthodontics ,Review Article ,Preformed metal crowns ,Crown (dentistry) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Key terms ,stomatognathic system ,Medicine ,Hall technique ,Metal crowns ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Deciduous carious molars ,Deciduous tooth ,Retrospective cohort study ,030206 dentistry ,stomatognathic diseases ,Hall Technique ,Meta-analysis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Periodontics ,Primary Tooth ,Oral Surgery ,business - Abstract
Aim The objective of the present systematic review was to assess the outcomes of Hall technique (HT) on primary carious molars and compared it with the conventional dental restorations. Materials and methods The systematic review was registered with Prospero registry (CRD42015020445) to answer the following research question: Is HT a better restorative option compared to other techniques for restoration of carious primary molars? In addition to exploring various health sciences databases, hand search was also done using following key terms in different permutations: (Hall technique OR Hall's technique OR preformed metal crown OR stainless steel crown) AND (caries OR carious molar OR deciduous tooth OR baby tooth OR milk tooth OR primary tooth). The outcome of interest was success of the restoration achieved with either method. Results Five studies were included (two RCTs, one quasi-experimental trial, and two retrospective). A total of 1775 teeth were assessed, of which 1325 teeth were restored using HT. The retrospective studies showed no difference between HT and other methods whereas the RCTs and quasi-experimental favored HT over other treatment modalities. Meta-analysis significantly favored HT over conventional restorations [risk ratio 5.55 (3.31-9.30)] (p value ≤ 0.001). Conclusion HT appeared demonstrated higher success and significantly outperformed the conventional restorations. How to cite this article Badar SB, Tabassum S, Khan FR, et al. Effectiveness of Hall Technique for Primary Carious Molars: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(5):445-452.
- Published
- 2020
38. Ameloplasty is counterproductive in reducing microleakage around Resin Modified Glass Ionomer and Resin based fissure sealants
- Author
-
Tabinda Nawaz Khan, Farhan Raza Khan, and Syed Yawar Ali Abidi
- Subjects
Molar ,Operative dentistry ,business.industry ,Fissure ,Sealant ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Significant difference ,Glass ionomer cement ,Dentistry ,Resin modified ,030206 dentistry ,General Medicine ,Creative commons ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Objective: To compare the microleakage around resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) based sealants and flowable resin based sealants placed with or without ameloplasty in extracted human teeth. Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was conducted at the Operative Dentistry Department, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan from June 2017 to December 2018. Sixty extracted human molars and premolars were assigned to four groups (n=15) each, according to the type of fissure sealant (flowable resin based sealant or resin modified glass ionomer based sealant) used and either placed with or without ameloplasty. Specimens were thermocycled and then immersed in 1% methylene blue for 24 hours. Specimens were then sectioned and examined using stereo-microscope (50X) for microleakage that was scored on an ordinal scale. Mann-Whitney U test and Ordinal regression were applied. Level of significance kept at 0.05. Results: There was a statistically significant difference (p-value
- Published
- 2020
39. Full mouth functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of a patient affected with hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta
- Author
-
Robia Ghafoor, Farhan Raza Khan, Kamil Zafar, and Muhammad Rizwan Nazeer
- Subjects
Orthodontics ,Vertical dimension of occlusion ,Rehabilitation ,Occlusal scheme ,business.industry ,Mouth Rehabilitation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Crown lengthening ,Case Report ,030206 dentistry ,Esthetic Dentistry ,medicine.disease ,CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO] ,03 medical and health sciences ,stomatognathic diseases ,0302 clinical medicine ,stomatognathic system ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ,medicine ,Posterior teeth ,Amelogenesis imperfecta ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,General Dentistry ,Psychosocial - Abstract
The management of Amelogenesis imperfecta often poses a challenge for the dentists. It not only includes aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of the patient, but also requires a positive rapport building with the patient due to psychosocial issues. The treatment plan is driven by patient demands, age, cost-affordability, severity of the disease and the presenting condition. The present case report elucidates step by step management of a 20 year-old female who presented with generalized hypersensitivity, intermittent pain associated with multiple decayed posterior teeth, poor dental aesthetics and anterior deep bite. The management consisted of endodontic treatments in all teeth, crown lengthening to gain ferrule in some teeth, provision of provisional bridges at an increased vertical dimension for six weeks followed by full mouth all ceramic crowns on all teeth. The prosthetic management aimed at reorganized occlusal scheme. There was a significant improvement in the aesthetics, deep bite, and along with correction of the vertical dimension of occlusion. Key words:Amelogenesis imperfecta, hypoplastic enamel, mouth rehabilitation, dental esthetics.
- Published
- 2020
40. Evaluation of Microleakage in Single-Rooted Teeth Obturated with Thermoplasticized Gutta-Percha Using Various Endodontic Sealers: An In-Vitro Study
- Author
-
Maham Muneeb Lone, Muneeb Ahmed Lone, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Dye penetration ,0206 medical engineering ,Dentistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Calcium Hydroxide ,Root Canal Filling Materials ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Root Canal Obturation ,Humans ,In vitro study ,Medicine ,Dental Leakage ,Dental Pulp Cavity ,biology ,Epoxy Resins ,business.industry ,Reproducibility of Results ,030206 dentistry ,General Medicine ,Gutta-percha ,biology.organism_classification ,University hospital ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Salicylates ,Gutta-Percha ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare apical microleakage of extracted, single-rooted teeth obturated with thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha using two different endodontic sealers (calcium-hydroxide and resin based). STUDY DESIGN An experimental study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Dental Clinics and Laboratory from June to September 2015. METHODOLOGY The study was conducted using extracted teeth. After access cavities were made, cleaning and shaping of root canals was done in 70 teeth. Teeth were randomly allocated into two groups and obturated with thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha (Obtura II) using two sealers (Sealapex vs. AH plus). After immersing the teeth in 2.0% methylene blue, they were split longitudinally, viewed under light microscope (magnification X4) and images were taken by a camera connected to microscope. The extent of dye penetration was assessed from apex to its coronal part and recorded in millimeters. Independent sample t-test was used to compare microleakage in the two groups. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for inter-examiner reliability of dye penetration measurements. A p-value of
- Published
- 2018
41. Immediate Placement and Loading of Full Arch Dental Implants in An Elderly Osteoporotic Female on Oral Bisphosphonate Therapy
- Author
-
Maham Muneeb Lone and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Oral bisphosphonates ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Dentistry ,Arch ,business - Published
- 2018
42. Which is the most recommended medium for the storage and transport of avulsed teeth? A systematic review
- Author
-
Samira Adnan, Farhan Raza Khan, Maham Muneeb Lone, Syeda Ra’ana Hussain, and Sana Ehsen Nagi
- Subjects
Cocos ,Dental avulsion ,Cell Survival ,Periodontal Ligament ,Organ Preservation Solutions ,Dentistry ,Propolis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Key terms ,stomatognathic system ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Periodontal fiber ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Cell survival ,Permanent teeth ,business.industry ,Organ preservation solution ,030206 dentistry ,Tooth Avulsion ,medicine.disease ,Milk ,Oral Surgery ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS A wide variety of materials has been researched for their use as potential storage media for avulsed teeth, but it is essential to recognize the medium most recommended for improvement of the prognosis of avulsed teeth. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the most recommended medium to store and transport avulsed teeth based on the survival of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells as determined by in vitro studies. METHODS Only laboratory-based experimental studies on PDL cells found on adult permanent teeth were included. Data were collected using PubMed, CINAHL plus (EBSCO host), and the Cochrane Library, along with Google Scholar and a hand search. The key terms employed were permutations of [avulsed permanent teeth* OR dental avulsion* OR knocked out teeth*] AND [storage media* OR transport media* OR biological transport* OR PDL cell viability* OR PDL cell survival*]. A customized data extraction pro forma was used to extract the data and to evaluate the quality and risk of bias. RESULTS The initial search yielded 978 articles, but only 67 were selected. Milk was the most recommended individual medium followed by Hank's balanced salt solution. Among natural products other than milk, propolis and coconut water were most frequently recommended. Recommendations were based on maintenance of PDL cell viability followed by ease of availability, low cost, and long shelf life. CONCLUSIONS Natural products are more effective in maintaining the PDL cell viability compared to synthetic products. Some storage media recommendations were also based upon practical aspects. Although natural products other than milk have more recommendations as a group, milk is the most recommended storage medium individually, based not only on PDL cell viability, but also practical considerations.
- Published
- 2018
43. Relationship Among Hypovitaminosis D, Maternal Periodontal Disease, And Low Birth Weight
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Rabia Hussain, and Tashfeen Ahmad
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Longitudinal study ,Cross-sectional study ,Birth weight ,Mothers ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,vitamin D deficiency ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Birth Weight ,Humans ,Medicine ,Pakistan ,Longitudinal Studies ,Periodontal Diseases ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Infant, Newborn ,Pregnancy Outcome ,030206 dentistry ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Infant, Low Birth Weight ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,medicine.disease ,Pregnancy Complications ,Low birth weight ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Periodontal Index ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Maternal Age - Abstract
To determine if low birth weight is associated with hypovitaminosis D and periodontal disease among a sample of Pakistani women residing in district Jhelum, Punjab.Cross-sectional study nested in a large community-based longitudinal study.Tehsil Pind Dadan Khan, District Jhelum, Pakistan from August 2012 to October 2015.Women during 12-16th week of pregnancy were selected. Dental examination was performed. Probing depth3 mm was labeled as periodontal disease, whereas serum level20.0 ng/mL was taken as hypovitaminosis D. Mothers of low birth weight babies (2500 g) were compared to mothers who gave birth to normal weight (2500 g) babies. Odds ratio was applied to measure the strength of association of low birth weight with maternal hypovitaminosis D and also for maternal periodontal disease.There were 62 participants in the study. The mean age of mothers was 26.7 ±4.5 years. It was alarming to observe that 53 (85%) participants had vitamin D deficiency. However, periodontal disease was only seen in four participants (6%). Out of the 62 mothers, eighteen (29%) gave birth to low birth weight babies. None of the variables were found to be associated with the low birth weight.The present study did not find any significant association of low birth weight with hypovitaminosis D or maternal periodontal disease in the studied sample.
- Published
- 2018
44. Utility of facebow in the fabrication of complete dentures, occlusal splints and full arch fixed dental prostheses: A systematic review
- Author
-
Aiman Sheikh, Rabia Ali, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Dental Articulators ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Prosthesis ,Crown (dentistry) ,Occlusal Splints ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Patient satisfaction ,facebow ,medicine ,Humans ,prosthetics ,Bridge (dentistry) ,Denture Design ,General Dentistry ,Orthodontics ,Denture, Complete ,business.industry ,Dental prosthesis ,Complete dentures ,030206 dentistry ,General Medicine ,Centric relation ,Centric Relation ,occlusal splints ,lcsh:RK1-715 ,Dental Prosthesis Design ,lcsh:Dentistry ,Dentures ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the utility of facebow transfer in the fabrication of occlusal splints, complete dentures and full arch fixed dental prosthesis. Materials and Methods: A systematic review protocol was registered at PROSPERO registry, University of York, UK (CRD42016041919). Following databases were explored: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Web of knowledge. The PICO model included participants who received occlusal splint or complete denture or full arch fixed dental prosthesis at the centric relation position. The intervention was the use of facebow transfer. Comparators were prosthesis made without using a facebow. Outcomes were the patient satisfaction of the prosthesis and the need for laboratory adjustments. Only randomized clinical trials were included in the present review. A customized data extraction pro forma was used to extract the data and assess its quality. Results: A total of 505 articles were retrieved. On excluding duplicates, protocols, case reports, case series, narrative reviews, etc., only eight studies were selected for review. Six clinical trials on 249 complete dentures and two clinical trials on 65 occlusal splints were reviewed. No study on full arch crown and bridge work satisfied the inclusion criteria. Conclusions: The use of facebow did not yield a superior fit or comfort of the complete dentures or occlusal splints. Therefore, there is no evidence of the utility facebow transfer for these prostheses. However, no inference could be drawn for its utility in full arch fixed dental prosthesis as there were no studies to draw an inference.
- Published
- 2018
45. Assessment of the diagnostic quality of the digital display monitors at the dental clinics of a university hospital
- Author
-
Saleem Pirani, Fahad Umer, Mohammad Yusuf, Muhammad Hasan Hameed, and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Image quality ,business.industry ,Health Informatics ,Convenience sample ,030206 dentistry ,University hospital ,lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Test (assessment) ,Display device ,03 medical and health sciences ,DICOM ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diagnostic quality ,Health care ,Medicine ,lcsh:R858-859.7 ,Medical physics ,business - Abstract
Background: In contemporary health care, monitor displays are important devices that help clinicians in reading and understanding diagnostic images including radiographs. Image quality and observer performance could be compromised if the performance of monitor is below the known standards. Objectives: To estimate the parameters of diagnostic quality of digital display monitors (using AAPM TG-18 criteria) installed at the dental clinics of a university hospital. Materials and methods: A survey was carried out on a convenience sample of forty-four diagnostic monitor displays currently being used for radiographic interpretation at dental clinics of a university hospital. A calibrated photometer (BARCO V950-180, USA) comprising of different test patterns and reference standards developed by the AAPM TG18 and DICOM part 14 GSDF were used on the monitors to assess their diagnostic image quality. It is a scale which consists of five parameters that labels monitors into two categories: primary grade or secondary grade. Data was reported as frequencies of the five parameters of imaging. Results: Of the 44 monitors assessed, none fulfilled the primary grade criteria. All monitors fulfilled the parameters for secondary grade display except the luminance response for which only 16/44 monitors passed the criteria. There was an excellent agreement between the assessors for the image quality parameters; kappa: 0.92. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it is concluded that all monitors at dental clinics were of secondary grade and the only parameter in which majority of the monitors failed, was the luminance response. Keywords: Diagnostic imaging, Digital imaging, Luminance, Image quality
- Published
- 2018
46. Orotracheal intubation through retromolar area in panfacial fractures: Little improvisation, great benefits
- Author
-
Faisal Shamim, Sharjeel Bashir, Farhan Raza Khan, and Humayun Kaleem Siddiqui
- Subjects
Pan-facial fractures ,medicine.medical_specialty ,RD1-811 ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General Medicine ,RC31-1245 ,Surgery ,Fixation (surgical) ,Tracheostomy ,Retromolar area ,Orotracheal intubation ,Medicine ,Intubation ,Retromolar intubation ,business ,Internal medicine - Abstract
The present report is comprised of five patients of panfacial fractures in which initially oral intubation was done that was later moved to retromolar area. This modification is an improvised approach that appears beneficial in surgeries requiring maxillo-mandibular fixation. Owing to low morbidity, the retromolar intubation should be considered as a preferred method to avoid tracheostomy.
- Published
- 2021
47. Management of Edentulous Maxilla with Sagittal -Transverse Deficiency Presenting with Repeated Implant Failures: A Case Report
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan and Muhammad Hasan Hameed
- Subjects
Orthodontics ,Transverse plane ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Implant ,business ,Edentulous maxilla ,Sagittal plane - Published
- 2017
48. Evaluation of Occlusal Incisal Tooth Wear and Its Influential Factors among Subjects Visiting a University Hospital in Pakistan
- Author
-
Rabia Ali and Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
Tooth wear ,business.industry ,Dentistry ,Medicine ,University hospital ,business - Published
- 2017
49. Simple Public Health Interventions Such As Use of Hypertonic Saline Oral And Nasal Rinse Could be Beneficial in COVID-19 Patients
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Intervention (counseling) ,Public health ,Public health interventions ,Medicine ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Hypertonic saline - Abstract
The intervention at public health level is aimed at prevention rather than actual treatment. Moreover, to be successful, a public health intervention has to be cost effective and simple. One of such example is hypertonic saline. Dentist should carry out studies to explore its efficacy in Covid-19 patients.
- Published
- 2020
50. Dental Research in Pakistan: Update 2020
- Author
-
Farhan Raza Khan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Dental research ,Family medicine ,medicine - Published
- 2020
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.