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Background:For Kendari City, the NO2 concentration in the air measured on Jl.Abdullah Silondae street still below the quality standard. However, the NO2 concentration has increased and decreased based on the results of air monitoring from the Environment and Forestry Service regarding the Air Quality Index which is measured 2 times a year with NO2 parameters in 2017, the first measurement is the value obtained of 1.58 µg / m3 and the second measurement. amounting to 1.57 µg / m3. In 2018 the NO2 value in the first measurement was 4.2 µg / m3 and the second measurement was 5.23 µg / m3. Whereas in 2019 the NO2 value in the first measurement was 5.8 µg / m3 and in the second measurement was 3.8 µg / m3. Methods:This type of research is descriptive quantitative (Field Research and Laboratory Research). The population is the total number of public transportation and the number of drivers for the Baru-Kota Rayon 02 route, amounting to 154 public transportation units and 154 public transport drivers with the male gender. The samples are some of the public transport drivers for the New Kampus-Kota rayon 02 route. Results:Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) measurements were obtained96.85 µg / Nm3, 108.79 µg / Nm3 and 100.83 µg / Nm3 for 3 different locations. The highest respiratory complaints were cough symptoms for 47 people and the lowest was shortness of breath as many as 8 people. Conclusion:Risk management is carried out by reducing exposure time, planting trees that can absorb air pollution, maintaining endurance, limiting the age of motor vehicles and using environmentally friendly fuels.

Background: Indonesia has the highest prevalence of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD)in 2013. NCD which is always listed in the top 10 diseases in Southeast Sulawesi is hypertension and diabetes mellitus. NCD Integrated Post is an effort to detect and overcome the early presence of NCD threat factors. However, there has been a decrease in the prevalence of integrated post visits from 2017 to 2018 at the Barangka Public Health Centre. The purpose of this study was to analyze the utilization of NCD Integrated Post in the work area of ??Barangka Health Centre in Buton Regency. Methods: This type of research uses a cross-sectional study design. This study was conducted from November to December 2019. The population in this study were all people in the work area of ??Barangka Health Centre, Buton Regency in 2018 with ages> 15 to 59 years, namely 3,584 people. The number of the samples was 134 respondents. A questionnaire was used as the method of data collection. Results: The results showed that the chi square of cadre support X2 count =36,460> X2 table value = 3,841 and health status is X2 count = 32,308> table X2 value = 3,841. Therefore, all variables are influencing the utilization of NCD Integrated Post. Conclusion: Health status and cadre influenced significantly the community in utilizing NCD Integrated Post at the Barangka Health Centre in Buton Regency.

Phthalates are widely used in consumer products and are well-known for adverse endocrine outcomes. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), one of the most extensively used phthalates, has been rapidly substituted with alternative plasticizers in many consumer products. The aim of this study was to assess urinary phthalate and alternative plasticizer exposure and associated risks in children of three Asian countries with different geographical, climate, and cultural characteristics. Children were recruited from elementary schools of Saudi Arabia (n = 109), Thailand (n = 104), and Indonesia (n = 89) in 2017-2018, and their urine samples were collected. Metabolites of major phthalates and alternative plasticizers were measured in the urine samples by HPLC-MS/MS. Urinary metabolite levels differed substantially between the three countries. Metabolite levels of diisononyl phthalate (DiNP), diisodecyl phthalate (DiDP), di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP), and 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) were the highest in Saudi children: Median urinary concentrations of oxo-MiNP, OH-MiDP, 5cx-MEPTP, and OH-MINCH were 8.3, 8.4, 128.0, and 2.9 ng/mL, respectively. Urinary DEHP metabolite concentrations were the highest in the Indonesian children. The hazard index (HI) derived for the plasticizers with antiandrogenicity based reference doses (RfDAA) was >1 in 86%, 80%, and 49% of the Saudi, Indonesian, and Thai children, respectively. DEHP was identified as a common major risk driver for the children of all three countries, followed by DnBP and DiBP depending on the country. Among alternative plasticizers, urinary DEHTP metabolites were detected at levels comparable to those of DEHP metabolites or higher among the Saudi children, and about 4% of the Saudi children exceeded the health based human biomonitoring (HBM)-I value. Priority plasticizers that were identified among the children of three countries warrant refined exposure assessment for source identification and relevant exposure reduction measures.

Background : The campaign of a clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in Indonesia continues to be conducted to improve the public health. During five years of monitoring (2012-2015) the highest PHBS rate in Southeast Sulawesi reached only 49.75% in 2013. While PHBS data in Labunia Village of Muna Regency reached only 7.71% in 2015. Objective : This study aims to determine the factors associated with the clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) of family in the Village of Labunia, regency of Muna, Southeast Sulawesi province of Indonesia. Methods : This was observational analytics with cross-sectional design study. The populations of the study were all household heads who lived in Labunia Village which were 293 households and 75 samples were selected using simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. Result : Of the total of respondents, 36% of family implemented PHBS and 64% of them did not implement PHBS. There were 16% of respondents had good knowledge, 48% of good attitude, and 45.3% of good actions in PHBS. Chi square test results obtained a significant correlation between knowledge, attitude and action in PHBS with p = 0.00 (

Backgrounds: A cement industry is one of anthropogenic sources of air pollution. In polluting the air, the industry creates some dust particles, nitrogen oxide (NO 2 ), sulfur oxide (SO 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO). Research Purpose: The research aims at finding out the ambient air quality around a cement industry and relating it with the lung capacity of people living around the area. Methodology: This research uses cross sectional studies by measuring the ambient air quality in the morning, noon, and evening in four different settlements within 3 km from the cement industry. The measurement is then correlated with the FEV1 and FVC of lung capacity of people living around the area. Result: Of all four locations, three have ambient air quality (PM 2.5 = 109.47 µg/Nm 3 , TSP = 454.7 µg/Nm 3) that surpass the quality standard (PM 2.5 = 65 µg/Nm 3 , TSP = 230 µg/Nm 3 ). Of 241 respondents, the average level of FVC and FEV1 is respectively 1.9352 liter (SD: 0.45578) and 1.7486 liter (SD: 0.43874). Furthermore, the level of PM 2.5 in the morning and at noon is respectively p=0.009 and p=0.003; the level of TSP in the morning and at noon is respectively p=0.003 and p=0.01; the level of NO 2 in the morning is p=0.006; the level of SO 2 in the morning, at noon and in the evening is respectively p=0.000, p=0.022, and p=0.000; and the level of CO in the morning, at noon and in the evening is respectively p=0.003, p=0.015, and p=0.024. Those levels are associated with the level of respondents’ FEV1. Moreover, the level of TSP in the morning is p=0.024; the level of SO 2 in the morning and in the evening is p=0.007. These levels relate to the level of respondents’ FVC. Keywords: FVC, FEV1, CO, NO 2 , SO 2 , TSP, PM 2.5 , cement industry.

Background: The emission from the stacks of a cement industry produces some particles that harm the quality of the air, such as total suspended particulate (TSP). Cement dust causes lung function impairment, chronic obstructive lung disease, restrictive lung disease, pneumoconiosis and carcinoma of the lungs, stomach and colon. Methods: The research methods used American Meteorological Society – Environmental Protection Agency Regulation Model or AERMOD as spatial analysis tools to show the TSP dispersion. AERMOD requires meteorological and topographical data. The meteorological data processed by AERMEDT is taken from the reanalysis of MM5 data while the topographical data is extracted from SRTM30 satellite data. The model is carried out for a year, to cover both dry and rainy seasons. Results: The result shows that the TSP peak concentration in one hour is 314μg/m 3 (in which the quality standard of TSP is 90μg/Nm 3 ). The area of dispersion tends to head east of the stacks, including District Minasatene (Sub-district Bontoa, Kalabbirang, and Minasatene), District Bungoro (Sub-district Biringere, Sapanang, Mangilu, Bulu Tellue and Tabo-tabo) and District Labakkang (Sub-district Taraweang), Indonesia. Conclusions: AERMOD model can show potential exposure area from cement industry. It needs serious efforts to prevent and minimize the impact to public health.