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Although parent reactions to children’s negative emotions are important to the development of adolescent social and emotional functioning, there is a lack of research examining this aspect of parenting in samples that include youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study addresses this gap in the research by examining the independent effects of childhood ADHD symptoms and parent reactions to negative emotions in the longitudinal prediction of adolescent emotion dysregulation and peer problems. A sample of 124 youth (52% female) with and without clinical elevations in ADHD symptoms were assessed in childhood (8–12 years; M = 10.50) and followed up 5–6 years later in adolescence (13–18 years; M = 16.15). Path models tested the direct effects of childhood ADHD symptoms, supportive parent reactions, and non-supportive parent reactions on adolescent peer problems (friendship quality, deviant peer affiliation, peer aggression) and the indirect effects via adolescent emotion dysregulation. Emotion dysregulation mediated the effects of greater ADHD symptoms and of less parent supportive reactions on adolescent peer problems; parent reactions also independently predicted specific adolescent peer problems. Even for youth with clinical elevations in ADHD symptoms, parent reactions to children’s negative emotions may be important in understanding adolescent emotion dysregulation and peer problems.

The work is devoted to assessing the quality of life (QоL) of children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and determining the correlation between the QoL and clinical, psycho-emotional and socio-demographic factors. A prospective observational cohort study was carried out at the «Odessa Regional Children's Clinical Hospital» among 46 prepubertal children with GHD and 80 healthy children matched for sex and age. The QоL was determined using Peds QL4.0 questionnaires, which were completed by children and their parents. Total psycho-emotional problems, internalizing and externalizing problems were investigated using 2-factor model of the «Strengths and Difficulties Questionaire (SDQ)», which was completed by the child's parents. The indices of the Peds QL4.0 and SDQ scale were fixed at baseline (T0) and after 12 months (T12) therapy with recombinant human growth hormone (rHGH) at an average dose of 0.033 mg/kg/day. The difference between the observed means ± SD in two independent samples were assessed using t-tests and «p» values. The relationship between clinical, psychological, socio-demographic factors and QoL of children with GHD was assessed by the calculation of Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rs).It was found that GHD was the cause for the decrease in the QoLaccording to the «total score» of the Peds QL4.0 scale for children and acccording to the subscales «physical health», «psychosocial health», «emotional functioning», «social functioning», «school functioning». The overall assessment in the SDQ «total difficulties» score increased and the conceptualization of internalizing problems occurred in children with GHD. The 12-months rHGH therapy contributes to the improvement of QoL in children with GHD, the normalization of the psycho-emotional state and the decrease in SDQ «total difficulties» and in «internalizing problems» scores.

Overparenting (O-P), or “helicopter” parenting, has warranted increased attention across the past decade. It is characterized as being overly involved, protective, and low on granting autonomy, and is associated with deleterious psychosocial outcomes outside of the concussion literature. This study examined the association of overparenting and patient emotional distress and clinical outcomes (i.e., symptoms, neurocognitive test scores, recovery time) post-concussion. Adolescents/young adult concussion patients (injury

Background and Objective: Cancer and diabetes are two highly prevalent diseases worldwide and greatly influence quality of life of those suffering from it. The study aimed to compare quality of life in patients diagnosed with cancer and diabetes with those without diabetes both undergoing chemotherapy and to investigate the factors responsible for the difference between the two groups. Methods: A convenience sample of 101 participants who had cancer and type 2 diabetes and 99 who had cancer without diabetes were used. Results: Patients with comorbid diabetes were divided based on their diabetes duration and whether they had glycaemic control or not. Diabetic cancer patients without glycaemic control had lower scores in global health status and in physical and emotional functioning compared to diabetic cancer patients with glycaemic control and patients without diabetes (p < .05). After adjusting for demographic characteristics, the differences between the group with diabetes and without glycaemic control and the other two groups regarding global health status were statistically significant (p < .05). Patients with more than a 7-year history of diabetes had a significantly lower emotional functioning than the no diabetes group and lower global health status score than both of the other groups (p < .05). After adjusting for clinical and demographic characteristics, only the difference between the ≥ 7 years diabetes duration group and the no diabetes groups remained significant. Conclusion: The presence of diabetes in cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy seems to negatively influence certain domains of quality of life and this may be affected by the duration of diabetes and whether glycaemic control has been achieved or not.

Aims: To assess non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient-centered outcomes in the real world. Methods: This is a prospective study of NSCLC patients treated at a private cancer care institution in Brazil between 2014 and 2019. Results: The report comprises 337 patients. Advanced stage was associated with higher symptom burden – fatigue (p = 0.03), pain (p

Objective: to study the quality of life in patients who underwent surgical intervention on cancerous tumors of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and oropharynx.Material and methods. An analysis of the quality of life was performed in 31 patients with tumors of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and oropharynx using the EORTC QLQ-30 and EORTC QLQ-H & N35 questionnaires.Results. The study of the quality of life using the EORTC QLQ-30 questionnaire in dynamics revealed improved general health status, emotional functioning, cognitive function, lower pain level, decreased frequency of insomnia (p> 0.05). The assessment of clinical meaning and magnitude according to K. Cocks et al. showed that these factors were characterized by a low level of clinical meaning and magnitude of changes in the studied parameters for all scales, except for the insomnia scale corresponding to an average level of clinical meaning and magnitude. At the same time, a statistically significant change score in the fatigue scales (p Conclusion. The study has revealed positive changes in the quality of life of patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancers in the period from 4 to 6 months after the end of treatment, which indicates a gradual return to the initial level of vital activity and the need for regular monitoring of the quality of life of the patients in the long follow-up.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) can benefit pain and emotional functioning for patients with chronic pain. However, associations between different intensities of PA (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity, and sedentary behavior), pain and emotional functioning are not well understood in patients with chronic pain. OBJECTIVE: The goals of this study were to: (1) Describe PA patterns of adult chronic pain patients using accelerometers; and (2) Explore preliminary associations between PA intensities, pain, and emotional functioning. METHODS: Thirteen patients with chronic pain completed self-report measures of pain, cognitive and emotional reactions to pain, depression and anxiety, and wore ActiGraph accelerometers for one week prior to participating in a pilot mind-body PA intervention. RESULTS: Sedentary behavior and light-activity were strongly inversely correlated (r = − .93, p < .01). Greater sedentary behavior was associated with lower pain during activity (r = − .55, p =.05), and greater light-activity was correlated with higher pain during activity (r = .63, p =.02) and pain at rest (r = .54, p =.06). However, greater MVPA was correlated with lower pain at rest (r = − .66, p =.01), pain catastrophizing (r = − .53, p =.06), depression (r = − .44, p =.14) and anxiety (r = − .57, p = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Objective accelerometer-measured PA has the potential to reveal differential associations between PA intensities, pain, and emotional functioning. Findings here suggest preliminary recommendations to focus on interconnections between MVPA, pain at rest, pain catastrophizing, anxiety and depression for patients with chronic pain.

This study was designed to examine the relative contribution of symptom (SVT) and performance validity tests (PVTs) to the evaluation of the credibility of neuropsychological profiles in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). An archival sample of 326 patients with mTBI was divided into four psychometrically defined criterion groups: pass both SVT and PVT; pass one, but fail the other; and fail both. Scores on performance-based tests of neurocognitive ability and self-reported symptom inventories were compared across the groups. As expected, PVT failure was associated with lower scores on ability tests (ηp2 .042–.184; d 0.56–1.00; medium-large effects), and SVT failure was associated with higher levels of symptom report (ηp2 .039–.312; d 0.32–1.58; small-very large effects). However, SVT failure also had a marginal deleterious effect on performance based measures (ηp2 .017–.023; d 0.23–0.46; small-medium effects) and elevations on self-report inventories were observed in the context of PVT failure (ηp2 .026; d 0.23–0.57; small-medium effects). SVT failure was associated with not only inflated symptom reports but also distorted configural patterns of psychopathology. Patients with clinically elevated somatic and depressive symptoms were twice as likely to fail PVTs. Consistent with previous research, SVTs and PVTs provide overlapping, but non-redundant information about the credibility of neuropsychological profiles associated with mTBI. Therefore, they should be used in combination to afford a comprehensive evaluation of cognitive and emotional functioning. The heuristic value of validity tests has both clinical and forensic relevance.

Objective Social isolation negatively impacts early-disease processes and long-term health. Individuals with chronic pain are more vulnerable to social isolation, which exacerbates symptoms. It is currently unclear whether: 1. group-based programs for chronic pain improve social isolation, 2. improvements in social isolation account for improvements in outcomes. This study involved secondary data analysis of participants in a 10-week mind-body physical activity program. We examined whether social isolation improved during treatment, and whether such improvements accounted for improvements in emotional and physical functioning. Methods Participants (N = 82) with chronic pain were randomized to a group-based mind-body physical activity intervention with (GetActive-Fitbit; n = 41) or without a Fitbit device (GetActive; n = 41). Participants completed self-reported measures of social isolation, emotional functioning (depression and anxiety symptoms), and multimodal physical functioning (self-report, performance-based, and objective). We used linear mixed effects modeling to examine pre-post treatment changes in social isolation and whether these changes accounted for improvements in emotional and physical functioning. Results Both interventions were associated with significant and comparable improvements in social isolation from baseline to end of treatment, and improvements in social isolation accounted for significant improvements in self-reported emotional and physical functioning. Conclusion Interventions may target social isolation in chronic pain to optimize treatment outcomes.

OBJECTIVE To compare the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with residual fragments after surgical intervention for kidney stones to patients that are stone-free using the disease-specific Wisconsin stone quality of life (WISQOL) questionnaire. Kidney stones contribute to impaired HRQOL, which is increasingly recognized as an important healthcare outcome measurement. MATERIALS AND METHODS With institutional review board approval, 313 adult patients who underwent surgical intervention for kidney stones at 4 sites completed a WISQOL questionnaire. We retrospectively collected surgical data including presence of residual fragments on post-operative imaging. We calculated standardized WISQOL total and domain scores (0-100), which included items related to social functioning (D1), emotional functioning (D2), stone-related impact (D3), and vitality (D4). Scores were compared between patients with residual fragments to those who were stone-free after surgical intervention. RESULTS Demographics did not differ between groups, overall mean age 54.6 ± 13.5 and 55.4% female. There was no significant difference in total WISQOL score for patients with residual fragments (n = 124) compared to patients that were stone-free (n = 189), 110.5 ± 27.8 vs 115.4 ± 23.6 respectively, (P = .12). Interestingly, patients with residual fragments who underwent secondary surgery were found to have significantly lower total WISQOL score (88.4 ± 30.1 vs 116.6 ± 25.0, P CONCLUSION Stone-free status after surgical intervention is not associated with better HRQOL when compared with patients whose surgeries left residual fragments. Indeed, further surgical intervention on residual fragments to achieve stone-free status may actually result in worse HRQOL.

Excessive Facebook use affects users’ everyday social, health, and emotional functioning. The main aim of the study was to investigate the relations between Facebook intrusion, emotional functioning (three aspects of emotional intelligence, the tendency to ruminate, and the tendency to experience anxiety), and health problems (somatic symptoms, social dysfunction, and anxiety/insomnia). The participants were 1396 high school and university or college students; 71% of them were women. The authors used the Facebook Intrusion Scale, the Emotional Intelligence Scale (INTE), the Rumination Questionnaire, the Trait Anxiety Inventory (X-2), and the General Health Questionnaire. They found that the examined aspects of emotional functioning—rumination, trait anxiety, and emotional intelligence—were related to Facebook intrusion. They also established that anxiety, rumination, and emotional intelligence exerted a significant indirect effect on health problems: anxiety/insomnia via Facebook intrusion. Additionally, the study revealed an indirect effect of anxiety, rumination, and emotional intelligence on Facebook intrusion via health problems: anxiety/insomnia.

Objectives: The current management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) largely ignores its heterogeneous pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations in the individual patient. This study aimed to identify clusters of patients with COPD based on a thorough traits assessment.Design: An observational, prospective, single-center study.Setting and Participants: Patients with COPD referred by chest physicians for a comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program to CIRO (Horn, the Netherlands) were eligible to participate. CIRO is a specialized pulmonary rehabilitation center in the southern part of the Netherlands for patients with complex underlying respiratory diseases.Methods: Clinically stable patients with COPD underwent a comprehensive assessment, including pulmonary traits (airflow limitation, static hyperinflation, gas transfer, respiratory pressures, and arterial blood gases), extrapulmonary functional traits, and health status (quadriceps muscle strength, physical functioning, body composition, comorbidities, symptoms perception, and social and emotional functioning). Clusters were generated using the SOM-Ward Cluster algorithm, a hybrid algorithm that applies the classical hierarchical method of Ward on top of the self-organizing map topology.Results: Based on the abovementioned attributes of 518 patients with mild to very severe COPD (44% women, age 64.1 +/- 9.1 years, forced expiratory volume in the first second 48.6% +/- 20.0% of predicted), 7 clusters were identified. Clusters had unique patterns differing in demographics, pulmonary, extrapulmonary functional, and behavioral traits and/or health status.Conclusion and Implications: The tremendous heterogeneity in pulmonary, extrapulmonary functional and behavioral traits, and health status in patients with COPD supports the need for an individual comprehensive assessment and a goal-directed personalized management strategy. (C) 2020 AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine.

Objective:To study the influence of pharmacological psychocorrection with drugs derived from GABA on the quality of life of primary school-aged children with functional dyspepsia. Materials and methods.80 children aged 6–12 years with FD have been examined. Children were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 – 20 patients who received γ-amino-β-phenylbutyric acid hydrochloride along with baseline therapy, Group 2 – 20 patients who received comprehensive treatment and calcium hopantenate, Group 3 – 20 children who received vitamin-mineral complex and protocol treatment, and Control Group – 20 children who received baseline treatment. Study Design: general clinical, instrumental, psychodiagnostic, statistical. Results.Using the PedsQL questionnaire, physical functioning disorders were found in children with FD – 97.5±1.2 % (78/80) of children, emotional functioning disorders – 91.3±1.6 % (73/80) of cases, functioning at school disorders – 88.8±2.7 % (71/80) of patients. During one-month case monitoring, children who took GABA drugs reported an improvement in the quality of life compared with baseline treatment and a group of children, who took a mineral-vitamin complex: physical functioning – (р1=0,016), (р2=0,03), emotional functioning – (р1˂0,001), (р2˂0,001), functioning in school – (р1=0,005), (р2=0,004). Conclusion.The use of γ-aminobutyric acid drugs is safe and effective and they significantly improve the quality of life of children with FD.

Objective: Torture adversely influences emotional functioning, but the neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning its impact are unknown. This study examined how torture exposure affects the neural substrates of interpersonal threat and reward processing. Methods: Male refugees with ( N = 31) and without ( N = 27) torture exposure completed a clinical interview and functional magnetic resonance imaging scan where they viewed fear, happy and neutral faces. Between-group activations and neural coupling were examined as moderated by posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and cumulative trauma load. Results: Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and trauma load significantly moderated group differences in brain activation and connectivity patterns. Torture survivors deactivated the ventral striatum during happy processing compared to non-torture survivor controls as a function of increased posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity – particularly avoidance symptoms. The ventral striatum was more strongly coupled with the inferior frontal gyrus in torture survivors. Torture survivors also showed left hippocampal deactivation to both fear and happy faces, moderated by trauma load, compared to controls. Stronger coupling between the hippocampus and frontal, temporoparietal and subcortical regions during fear processing was observed, with pathways being predicted by avoidance and hyperarousal symptoms. Conclusion: Torture exposure was associated with distinct brain activity and connectivity patterns during threat and reward processing, dependent on trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity. Torture appears to affect emotional brain functioning, and findings have the potential to guide more targeted interventions for torture survivors.

Objective This investigation explores how using different e-health interventions facilitates positive psychosocial changes and how these changes reduce cancer concerns and improve quality of life in breast cancer patients over time. Methods A total of 326 breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to one of three e-health interventions: (a) Internet only, (b) the Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System information and support services (CHESS-IS), or (c) CHESS with mentor. Proximal health outcomes such as information overload, emotional functioning, and social support were measured alongside distal outcomes like cancer concerns and quality of life. Participants completed surveys at four time points: pretest as a baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Results Both interventions were effective in improving patient health beyond Internet only but they differed in type of change mechanism and clinical benefit. The CHESS-IS enhanced proximal outcomes at 3 months through improved information competence. The CHESS with mentor intervention reduced breast cancer concerns at 6 months, mediated mainly by emotional-social competence and emotional functioning. Conclusions Using e-health interventions like CHESS can help patients improve cancer information management skills and emotional functioning, contributing to better short-term health outcomes. Adding a human mentor can enhance the benefits of CHESS use, extending the experience among breast cancer patients. Theoretical, practical, and clinical implications of the study results are discussed.

BackgroundThe population aging phenomenon of western societies results in an increase in the number of neurodegener-ative diagnoses. We aimed to examine the differences in daily emotional and cognitive functioning between patients with Parkinson disease treated with different methods and healthy adults of similar age.Participants and procedureThe participants (N = 52) were patients with Parkinson disease (n = 26) and healthy adults (n = 26) forming the control group. Daily, cognitive and emotional functioning were assessed with IADL, BDI II, COWAT and MMSE.ResultsSignificant differences (t(50) = 2.89, p = .006) in the daily functioning between clinical and control groups were found. The average scores evaluating the daily function of the patients treated pharmaceutically and surgically differed significantly (t(49) = 3.01, p = .004).ConclusionsThe study provides confirmation of the differences in the daily functioning of the patients, taking into account varied treatment. Undoubtedly, further research on this topic with a larger number of participants is required.

Objectives Air pollution has become a critical environmental issue, which severely threatens the well-being of asthma patients. The quality of life of these patients, when exposed to air pollutants such as particulate matter 10 (PM10), has been poorly studied. The current research examined the association between the concentration of PM10 in the air and the quality of life of patients with asthma. Material and methods The study group consisted of 300 adult asthma patients treated in 2 allergy outpatient clinics in Krakow, who declared they would not leave the city in the 14-day study period. Daily concentrations of PM10 from air monitoring stations were recorded over a period of 2 weeks, following which the patients filled out the standardized Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) regarding the monitored period to assess the total quality of life and its 4 domains (symptoms, limitation of activity, emotional functioning and environmental stimuli). Results The average PM10 exposure was 65.2 μg/m3 and only 30% of the patients were exposed to values of ≤50 μg/m3, i.e., the highest 24-h threshold value considered acceptable by the World Health Organization. The observed effect of an increased level of exposure to airborne PM10 was associated with reduced scores in AQLQ from 0.40 at the medium level to 0.46 at the high level, in comparison to the low level. The total score of the asthma-related quality of life and its domains showed poorer outcomes as the concentration of PM10 was increasing (every 0.08 pt per a 10 μg/m3 increase). Conclusions The increase in the concentration of PM10 in the air impacts on the overall quality of life and its particular domains in people with exceptional predispositions, such as patients with bronchial asthma. Physicians taking care of asthma patients should pay special attention to the quality of patient's life in response to the course and control of that illness, in relation to air pollution. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020;33(3):311-24.

Background:Little is known about emotional quality-of-life in paediatric heart disease in low- and middle-income countries where the prevalence of uncorrected lesions is high. Research on emotional quality-of-life and its predictors in these settings is key to planning interventions.Methods:Ten-year retrospective cross-sectional study of children aged 6–17 years with uncorrected congenital or acquired heart disease in 12 low- and middle-income countries was conducted. Emotional functioning score of the PedsQL TM 4.0 generic core scale and data on patient-reported limitation in sports participation were collected via in-person interview and analysed using regression analyses.Results:Ninety-four children reported mean emotional functioning scores of 71.94 (SD 25.32) [95% CI 66.75–77.13] with lower scores independently associated with having a parent with a chronic illness or who had died (p = 0.005), having less than three siblings (p = 0.007), and reporting a subjective limitation in carrying an item equivalent to a 4 lb load (p = 0.021). Patient-reported limitation in sports participation at least “sometimes” was present in 69% and was independently associated with experiencing symptoms at least once a month (p < 0.001).Conclusion:Some of the factors which were associated with better emotional quality-of-life were similar to those identified in previous studies in patients with corrected defects. Patient-reported limitation in sports participation is common. In addition to corrective surgery and exercise, numerous other interventions which are practicable during surgical missions might improve emotional quality-of-life.

Objective. determine if there are symptoms of depression and thus the impairment of the emotional functioning of children with celiac disease in relation to healthy children of the same age Methods. The research was conducted as a prospective, observational study. The study group consisted of N 116 subjects (children and adolescents) aged 5-18 years who were diagnosed with celiac disease. The control group consisted of the same number of healthy children who met the basic criteria of "matching" with the examined group according to age and gender. To assess emotional functioning and detect symptoms of depression Mood and Feelings Questionnaire Short - MFQ -Child was used. Results. In the gruoup of children with celiac disease there is a statistically significant greater preference for depression (p

To examine the responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the TNO-AZL (Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Academic Medical Centre) Preschool Children Quality of Life (TAPQOL) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Ninety-seven children with CP (60 males, 37 females; aged 1–6 years) and their caregivers were recruited from the rehabilitation programs of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan for this 6-month longitudinal follow-up study. The Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM) and TAPQOL outcomes were measured at baseline and at a 6-month follow-up. Responsiveness was examined using the standardized response mean (SRM). The distribution-based and anchor-based MCID were determined. The TAPQOL outcomes include physical functioning (PF), social functioning (SF), cognitive functioning (CF), and emotional functioning (EF) domains. The responsiveness of the TAPQOL for all of TAPQOL domains was marked (SRM = 1.12–1.54). The anchor-based MCIDs of TAPQOL for PF, SF, CF, EF, and total domains were 1.25, 3.28, 2.93, 2.25, and 1.73, respectively, which were similar to the distribution-based MCID values of TAPQOL, except in the PF domain. The distribution-based MCIDs of TAPQOL in various domains were 2.85–3.73 when effect size (ES) was 0.2, 7.13–9.32 when ES was 0.5, and 11.40–14.91 when ES was 0.8. TAPQOL is markedly responsive to detect change in children with CP. The caregivers perceived the minimally important change in HRQOL of their children at a relatively low treatment efficacy. Researchers and clinicians can utilize TAPQOL data to determine whether changes in TAPQOL scores indicate clinically meaningful effects post-treatment and at the follow-up.

Pediatric headache patients often experience significant sleep disturbance, which may be a risk factor for poor physical, academic, and emotional functioning, including increased anxiety/fear. The current retrospective cohort study of a clinical sample of youth with persistent headache aimed to examine the impact of sleep on functional outcomes and to explore pain-related fear as a mediator of the association between sleep problems and functioning. A total of 109 youth (aged 7-17 years) with persistent headache presenting to a tertiary pediatric headache center (and their parents) completed measures of sleep problems, fear of pain, functional disability, and school functioning at the time of an initial evaluation and 6 months later. After controlling for age and headache frequency and severity, linear regression analyses indicated that increased sleep problems at baseline were associated with increased functional disability and poorer school functioning at baseline ( β = 0.28, P = .01; β = –0.42, P < .001, respectively). Poor sleep at baseline was associated with poorer school functioning (but not functional disability) at follow-up ( β = –0.25, P = .02). Mediation models demonstrated an indirect mediating effect of pain-related fear on the association between baseline sleep problems and follow-up functional disability ( β = 0.06, 95% confidence interval 0.01, 0.15) and between baseline sleep problems and follow-up school functioning ( β = –0.06, 95% confidence interval –0.13, –0.004). Sleep disturbance in youth with headache may be a risk factor for poor functional outcomes, both concurrently and over time, and may be explained partially through pain-related fear. Given the frequency with which pediatric headache patients experience co-occurring sleep problems, sleep should be thoroughly assessed and considered as a potential early treatment target.

The right to play is crucial for the overall development of children. Several studies highlight the need to have time and space to play, especially at school where children spend much of their time. Unfortunately, in formal education the obsession with academic achievements sidelines and ignores the importance of play. The neglection of play had already reached a critical stage before the pandemic, so data are needed to realize how the right to play in school is presently affected. This paper aims to understand children’s play experience in primary education during the pandemic. It investigates what activities children participated in and what materials were used, and provides insight into the social interactions between peers. Furthermore, children’s quality of life is explored. A group of 370 Portuguese children answered a questionnaire on play and social interactions, alongside with Peds 4.0TM on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The results showed that recess still emerges as a significant element of children’s daily lives, but COVID-19 has brought limitations on play experiences and peer-interaction. It might also have impacted HRQOL, especially in emotional functioning. Since play, health and well-being are closely connected, play opportunities at school are crucial in helping children to thrive in the pandemic, and should be invested in., This research was funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds and when applicable co-funded EU funds under the project UIDB/50008/2020. This work was financially supported by Portuguese national funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) within the framework of the CIEC (Research Center for Child Studies of the University of Minho) projects under the reference UIDB/00317/2020 and UIDP/00317/2020.

AIM Psychosis is characterized by both alterations in emotional functioning and environmental stressors including bullying victimization. Recent evidence suggests that some alterations in emotional functioning (e.g., blunted positive facial expressions) are already present in the psychosis risk period. Yet, some clinically relevant facial emotions have not been investigated such as genuine smiles (thought to reflect genuine positive emotions) and non-genuine smiles (thought to fake positive or mask negative emotions) in individuals meeting criteria for a clinical high-risk (CHR) syndrome. Further, despite a compelling conceptual basis to suggest a link between affective expression and exposure to environmental stress, to date, no investigations have sought to examine this association. Here, we aim to assess differences between a sample of CHR (N = 65) and control (N = 67) individuals in genuine and non-genuine smiles and associations with bullying victimization. METHODS Smiles (i.e., genuine; non-genuine) were objectively coded on a second-by-second basis using the Facial Action Coding System during a digitally recorded clinical interview segment. Bullying victimization was measured via parent report. RESULTS Findings revealed that the CHR group (1) showed blunted genuine (but not non-genuine) smiles compared to controls. Moreover, (2) bullying victimization was related to blunted genuine smiles, but not non-genuine smiles. CONCLUSION These findings expand our understanding of emotional alterations in this group with implications for diagnosis (highlighting blunted genuine smiles as a specific marker) and etiology (underscoring the role of bullying victimization in the etiology of emotional dysfunction).

International audience; The reduced specificity of positive and negative autobiographical memories observed in anorexic (AN) patients may reflect a global disturbance in their emotional information processing. However, their emotional difficulties may differ according to the subtype of AN, implying possible differences in the manifestation of autobiographical memory impairments. The aims of the study were (1) to confirm the autobiographical memory deficits in AN patients in terms of specificity and wealth of memories, and (2) to compare autobiographical deficits according to the AN subtype: restrictive type (AR) or binge/purging type (AB). Ninety-five non-clinical (NC) individuals and 95 AN patients including 69 AR and 22 AB patients were administered the Williams’ and Scott’s Autobiographical Memory Test. The results confirmed a lack of specificity regardless of emotional valence in the overall AN patient group without any distinction of subtype, which was linked to the number of hospitalizations. When the AN subtype was considered, AR patients demonstrated reduced specificity for negative memories only, suggesting differences in emotional functioning or in the mechanisms underlying reduced specificity between AR and AB patients. Furthermore, the overall AN group demonstrated lower variability and complexity in their memory content than the NC group. However, this difference in the complexity of recalled memories was only found in response to negative cues. When AN subtypes were considered, AR patients showed fewer complex memories than NC individuals. Beyond a reduced specificity, AN patients also depict a poverty in the range of event recall and a difficulty in developing narrative content. The clinical implications of such autobiographical memory deficits need to be further investigated.

Background: Assessment of physical and emotional functioning is essential to identify rehabilitation needs. During the first pandemic in Greece, we aimed to assess the status of physical activity, anxiety, depression and quality of life (QoL) in home-quarantined patients with COVID-19 after their hospitalization. Method: A smartphone app (Viber) was used to establish a two-way tele-communication between physiotherapists and patients at 4-6 weeks following hospital discharge. During 4 one-hour sessions patients were asked about their physical activity status, anxiety, depression, dyspnea during activities and QoL for the period pre and post COVID-hospitalization, using IPAQ-Gr, HADS, NYHA, mMRC and SF36 questionnaires, respectively. Results: 74 clinically stable individuals (aged 51±2 years, BMI 28±2Kg/m2) with fatigue symptoms included in the study. Hospitalization affected significantly (%ΔDifference between pre and post values: Δ) physical activity (IPAQ-Gr from 2400±382 to 1161±382 METs/min/week; Δ:51%); anxiety (HADS from 4.4±0.7 to 7.7±0.9 units; Δ:75%); depression (HADS from 2.1±0.4 to 5.1±0.7 units; Δ:143%); QoL (SF-36pcs from 50±1 to 42±2; Δ:3% and SF-36mcs from 50±2 to 40±3 units; 4.2%) and daily activity level because of dyspnea (NYHA from 1.37±0.1 to 2.1±0.1 units; Δ:53% and mMRC from 0.37±0.1 to 0.83±1.5 units; 124%). Conclusion: Hospitalization and quarantine have a detrimental impact on physical and emotional functioning in patients with COVID-19.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is marked by alterations in emotional functioning, physiological reactivity, and attention. Neural reactivity to acoustic startle stimuli can be used to understand brain functions related to these alterations. Investigations of startle reactivity in PTSD have yielded inconsistent findings, which may reflect the heterogeneity of the disorder. Furthermore, little is known of how the common co-occurrence of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; i.e., concussion) may influence neural reactivity. We examined the event-related potentials (ERPs) of combat veterans (n = 102) to acoustic startle probes delivered during viewing of pleasant, neutral, unpleasant, and combat-related pictures. Interview-based assessments yielded dimensional characterizations of PTSD and mTBI. The P3 ERP response to startle probes was reduced during all affective relative to neutral pictures but failed to be associated with a PTSD diagnosis. However, two separable domains of PTSD symptomatology were associated with startle ERPs regardless of the picture conditions. Maladaptive avoidance was associated with smaller N1, P2, and P3 amplitudes, while intrusive reexperiencing was associated with larger P2 amplitudes. There were no main effects of mTBI. Findings suggest that level of symptomatology rather than a formal diagnosis of PTSD better explains alterations in neural reactivity after traumatic events, while mild brain injuries have little impact. Avoidance symptoms of PTSD may dampen neural functions that facilitate reorientation to threat while intrusive reexperiencing of traumatic events appears to heighten sensory reactivity. Considering specific aspects of symptomatology provides insight into the neural basis of trauma-related psychopathology and may help guide individualization of clinical interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the defects and symptoms caused by myelomeningocele (MMC) and quality of life. Design: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Methods: The subjects were 52 parents of children with MMC. Structured questionnaires were used: the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core Scales (PedsQLTM 4.0) and a Study-Specific Questionnaire (SSQ). Results: The overall PedsQLTM 4.0 score was 56.4 (SD ± 14.7). A strong, significant negative correlation was found between the children’s age and emotional functioning. Functioning in this area deteriorated with age by a mean of 1.5 points per year of age. Children with no hydrocephalus functioned significantly better than those with this defect in the physical, social, and school areas (p &lt, 0.05). Foot deformities significantly (p = 0.033) adversely affected the children’s physical functioning. Living in a single-parent family had no statistically significant impact on functioning in any of the areas analyzed (p &gt, 0.05). Conclusion: Understanding the QoL of children with MMC and identifying its determinants may help in planning interventions to minimize the adverse impact of the illness.

ObjectivesFor patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), particularly for those with advanced disease, quality of life (QoL) is a key outcome measure. Therefore, we estimated survival-weighted psychometric scores (SWPS), life expectancy (LE), and quality-adjusted LE (QALE) in patients with advanced OSCC.Methods and MaterialsFor estimation of survival function, we enrolled 2313 patients with advanced OSCC diagnosed between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2013. The patients were followed until death or December 31, 2014. To acquire the QoL data, data from 194 patients were collected by employing the Taiwan Chinese versions of the Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and Quality of Life Questionnaire Head and Neck 35 developed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the EQ-5D-3L between October 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. The LE of the patients with OSCC were estimated through linear extrapolation of a logit-transformed curve. SWPS and QALE were determined by integrating the LE and corresponding QoL outcomes.ResultsFor the patients with advanced OSCC, the estimated LE and QALE were 8.7 years and 7.7 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), respectively. The loss of LE and QALE was 19.0 years and 20.0 QALYs, respectively. The estimated lifetime impairments of swallowing, speech, cognitive functioning, physical functioning, social functioning, and emotional functioning were 8.3, 6.5, 6.5, 6.1, 5.7, and 5.4 years, respectively. The estimated lifetime problems regarding mouth opening, teeth, social eating, and social contact were 6.6, 6.1, 7.5, and 6.1 years, respectively. The duration of feeding tube dependency was estimated to be 1.6 years.ConclusionsPatients with advanced OSCC had an estimated LE of 8.7 years and QALE of 7.7 QALYs. SWPS provided useful information regarding how advanced OSCC affects the subjective assessment of QoL. Our study results may serve as a reference for the allocation of cancer treatment resources.

Objective There is no comprehensive assessment of which patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are recommended in core outcome sets (COS), and how they should be measured. The aims of this study are to review COS that include patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs), identify their target health domains, main characteristics, and their overlap within and across different disease areas. Study design and setting We selected COS studies collected in a publicly available database that included at least one recommended PROM. We gathered information on study setting, disease area, and targeted outcome domains. Full-text of recommended instruments were obtained, and an analysis of their characteristics and content performed. We classified targeted domains according to a predefined 38-item taxonomy. Results Overall, we identified 94 COS studies that recommended 323 unique instruments, of which: 87% were included in only one COS; 77% were disease-specific; 1.5% preference-based; and 61% corresponded to a full questionnaire. Most of the instruments covered broad health-related constructs, such as global quality of life (25%), physical functioning (22%), emotional functioning and wellbeing (7%). Conclusion The wealth of recommended instruments observed even within disease areas does not fit with a vision of systematic, harmonized collection of PROM data in COS within and across disease areas.

Introduction Carfilzomib-based induction therapy is highly effective in newly diagnosed pts with multiple myeloma (NDMM), but information on quality of life (QoL) during first line and maintenance therapy is not available. Here, we analyze patient-reported QoL in transplant-non eligible (TNE) NDMM pts randomized to either KTd or KRd induction therapy followed by second randomization to carfilzomib maintenance, or control. Patients and Methods At time of analysis, 101 TNE pts with NDMM had been enrolled, but QoL data documented for ≥ 2 cycles were available in 78 pts so far (median age: 75 years, ISS stage I: 26.6%, II: 35.4%, III: 38.0%, ECOG status 0: 51.9%, 1: 48.1%). Patients were randomized to either 9 cycles KTd or KRd, and subsequently (46 pts with ≥PR) to either carfilzomib maintenance therapy (d1 and 15) or to control for 12 months. Carfilzomib was administered twice weekly (27mg/m2) during cycles 1 and 2, and thereafter weekly at a dose of 56mg/m2. Thalidomide was given daily at 100mg (50mg in pts ≥75 years), lenalidomide at 25mg, d1-21 per 4 week cycle, and dexamethasone at 40 mg (20mg in pts ³75 years) once weekly. QoL was assessed by the QoL questionnaire EORTC QLQ-C30. Assessments were done at baseline, and monthly thereafter for 21 months. A two-sided t-test was used for comparison with the general population. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were applied to evaluate differences in QoL dimensions within the treatment groups. A clinically meaningful improvement has been defined as a change of ≥10 score points. Results Comparison with the general population : Mean scores for health-related global QoL (54.1±22.6) and physical functioning (61.2±25.0) were significantly lower in pts compared to those reported for the general population of similar age (67.2±20.6, p Induction therapy: Health-related global QoL showed a clinically relevant improvement during carfilzomib-based induction therapy in both treatment groups (KRd: 54.5±19.9 to 65.0±20.2, p=0.10, KTd 53.6±24.8 to 68.2 ± 19.4, p=0.04), but a statistically significant increase in score points was noted in the KTd arm only. For physical functioning, a clinically relevant improvement was noted solely in pts on KRd, but the increase was not statistically significant (59.2 ± 22 to 73.2 ± 23.8, p=0.15), while during KTd no relevant changes were noted. Further clinically relevant improvements during induction therapy were observed for role functioning (KTd: 45 ± 39.3 to 61.6 ± 33.5, p=0.08, KRD: 51.5 ± 34.9 to 66.7 ± 30.1, p=0.29), emotional functioning (KTd: 61.2 ± 27.4 to 73.2 ± 20.5, p=0.04, KRd: 58.3 ± 23.2 to 73 ± 26.7, p=0.10), and pain with a statistically significant decrease in respective scores in both arms (KTd: 47.7 ± 37.4, to 24.2 ± 26.1, p=0.01, KRd: 54.8 ± 33.2 to 20.8 ± 21.5, p Maintenance phase: Pts randomized to carfilzomib maintenance showed no clinically relevant change in health-related QoL score (70.3± 17 to 63.9±25.3), similar to the findings in the untreated controls, which showed a clinically not relevant improvement in scores (66.7.±21.0 to 75.9±18.8). The scores for physical functioning remained rather stable during the maintenance period and values at end of therapy or observation appeared similar between the carfilzomib (77.1±21.6) and the control group (83.7±25.4). Conclusion Health-related global QoL and physical functioning in our pts with TNE NDMM was significantly impaired at start of therapy compared to the general population. During carfilzomib-based induction TX, clinically meaningful improvements in health-related global QoL, physical (only in KTd), emotional, role, and social (only in KRd) functioning, and pain were achieved. Neuropathy worsened during KTd. Maintenance treatment with carfilzomib was well tolerated without a clinically relevant change during the treatment period or statistical significant difference to the untreated controls. Disclosures Ludwig: Seattle Genetics: Other: Advisory Boards; Sanofi: Other: Advisory Boards, Speakers Bureau; Bristol Myers: Other: Advisory Boards, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Other: Advisory Boards, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Other: Advisory Boards, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Research Funding. Podar:Amgen, BMS-Celgene, Janssen, Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Willenbacher:Amgen, Janssen, Takeda, BMS-Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Petzer:Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite-Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Schreder:BMS-Celgene, Amgen: Consultancy. Agis:Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria; BMS: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria. Greil:Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo, Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; MSD Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; Astra zeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; BMS/celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding; F. Hoffmann-La Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel, accomodations, expenses, Research Funding. OffLabel Disclosure: Use of Carfilzomib in myeloma first-line treatment

Examining the associations of a-posteriori-defined dietary patterns and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Iranian adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 900 apparently healthy students (mean age 15.33 years; 53.0% female) during 2020–21. The validated Persian version of self-report Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales (PedsQL) for healthy adolescents was used in an online survey to assess HRQOL. Total, physical health, psychosocial health, emotional functioning, social functioning, and school functioning PedsQL scores were calculated, and impaired HRQOL was defined as > 1 standard deviation below the total population sample mean PedsQL scores. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes during telephone interviews. Daily intakes of 20 predefined food groups were calculated and submitted to the principal component factor analysis to identify a-posteriori-defined dietary patterns. Three major dietary patterns labeled as Mediterranean, mixed, and unhealthy were identified, of which only the Mediterranean pattern characterized by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, olives, potatoes, eggs, nuts and legumes, pickles, low-fat dairy, fish, poultry, and vegetable oils was consistently associated with HRQOL. Controlling for covariates in the multivariable-adjusted binary logistic regression analysis, participants in the top tertile of Mediterranean pattern score were less likely to have impaired HRQOL than those in the bottom tertile (total: OR 0.25; physical health: OR 0.35; psychosocial health: OR 0.15; emotional functioning: OR 0.17; social functioning: OR 0.15; and school functioning: OR 0.18; all P

Infants' experience of the early caregiving environment is fundamental to the development of positive social and emotional functioning. The Leeds Infant Mental Health Service was established to provide early intervention to infantsunder two and their caregivers, where there are concerns about the attachment relationship. This paper describes preliminary data to evaluate its effectiveness.Improved parent-infant relationships and parental well-beingare achieved by asmall multidisciplinary workforce through direct therapeutic work with infants and their caregivers and by up-skilling other professionals who are in contact with infants, through specialist training and consultation.Launched in 2012, the service has trained over 2500 professionals.Over 500 reflective case discussions and 200 case consultations have been delivered to practitioners, many of whom work with vulnerable infants. Ascreening tool has been developed to enable health visitors to identify infants at risk of developing poor attachment relationships with their caregivers. Direct therapeutic work has been completed with over 531 families, the majority (71%) before the infant was 6 months old. Caregivers and professionals are positive about the service.The model represents a clinically and cost-effective way to deliver city-wide infant mental health provision. Future research is needed on effectivess, particularly long-term outcomes.

BackgroundWe undertook a study to determine the impact of Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome (WAS) and X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT) and their therapies upon the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients and their families.Materials and methodsWe undertook a survey of patients and their families, who self-identified as having either WAS or XLT. We assessed the PedsQL™ 4.0, the parent proxy form, and the family impact module. These results were compared with normative data from previously published reports.ResultsSixty-eight patients (29 patients completed both the PedsQL™ 4.0 and the parent proxy form; 21 completed only the PedsQL™ 4.0; and 18 completed only the parent proxy form) were included. In contrast to patient-reported outcomes, parents of patients who had a bone marrow transplant (BMT) reported that their children had better QOL scores compared with those who did not (82.6 vs. 73.3, p = 0.023). The QOL of patients vs. previously published normative data showed decreases in patient scores for psychosocial health (72.62 vs. 86.58, p =

Objective: Dysregulation of biological rhythm is associated with reduced executive functioning and potentiating psychosis, which are essential for the Theory of Mind (ToM) among patients with schizophrenia. However, the association between cognitive dysfunction, emotional information and disruption of biological rhythm remains uncertain. Methods: Forty-one patients with schizophrenia and forty age, gender and smoking status-matched healthy controls were recruited into the study. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), The Stroop test, The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), The Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN) were used. Results: BRIAN total, sleep, activity and social scores were higher in patients with schizophrenia than healthy controls. Higher BRIAN score was correlated with lower RMET score; with higher PANSS total, positive and negative scores, and not correlated with executive functions. In the regression analysis, it was observed that gender and increased BRIAN score was independently associated with lower scores for RMET in a patient with schizophrenia. Conclusion: These results suggest that the disruption of biological rhythm might be associated with ToM in patients with schizophrenia. Future research should examine the relationship between biological rhythm and ToM to determine if any causal associations can be identified.

This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of an 8-weeks-yoga intervention on quality of life and upper extremity edema volume in women with breast cancer related lymphedema.This was a controlled trial with pre-post design. A total of 40 women with breast cancer related lymphedema were randomly assigned into an intervention or control groups. The intervention group participated in a yoga exercise class for 8 weeks, in a twice a week instructor-led practice and once a week home practice. Outcomes were EORTC QLQ_C30 to measure quality of life, and water displacement volume-meter to measure upper extremity edema volume. The outcomes were evaluated at baseline, 4th and 8th week. Data were analyzed using SPSS.Four weeks after the intervention, a significant difference was observed between the groups with respect to role functioning of quality of life (P = 0.03). Eight weeks after the intervention, a significant difference was observed between groups concerning physical and emotional functioning of quality of life (P 0.05). The changing trend in physical, role, emotional, and cognitive functioning had increased, and in some scales such as fatigue, pain, insomnia, and financial difficulties the scores were reduced in the intervention group. Regarding edema volume, no significant difference was found between both groups on the 4th and 8th week after the intervention (P 0.05).As yoga exercise might improve physical, role, and emotional functioning of quality of life as well as reduce fatigue, pain, and insomnia, using this intervention can be suggested amongst women with breast cancer related lymphedema.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; e.g., parental divorce, physical or sexual abuse) are more prevalent in individuals with chronic pain compared to the general population. Both increased maternal ACEs and chronic pain have been associated with poor physical and emotional functioning in offspring. However, the mechanisms driving these associations are poorly understood. Thus, this cross-sectional study evaluated the relation between maternal ACEs, mothers’ current functioning, and children’s physical and emotional functioning in a sample of mothers with chronic pain and their 8–12 year-old children. Results indicated a higher prevalence of at least 1 ACE in this sample of mothers with chronic pain (84%) compared to normative data from a community sample of women. Higher maternal ACE scores corresponded with lower physical and social functioning, greater anxiety and depressive symptoms, greater fatigue and sleep disturbances, and greater pain intensity and pain interference in mothers. Higher maternal ACE scores significantly correlated with higher child self-reported depressive symptoms, but not somatic symptoms or functional impairment. A path model indicated that maternal depressive symptoms accounted for the relation between higher maternal ACE scores and children’s depressive symptoms. Intervening on maternal depression among mothers with chronic pain may reduce the impact of intergenerational ACE transmission. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents evidence regarding the intergenerational impact of adverse childhood experiences in a large sample of mothers with chronic pain and their school-aged children. Maternal depressive symptoms accounted for the relation between maternal ACEs and children’s depressive symptoms providing evidence regarding targets for preventive interventions.

While neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and Noonan syndrome (NS) are clinically distinct genetic syndromes, they have overlapping features because they are caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding molecules within the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Increased risk for emotional and behavioral challenges has been reported in both children and adults with these syndromes. The current study examined parent-report and self-report measures of emotional functioning among children with NF1 and NS as compared to their unaffected siblings. Parents and children with NS (n = 39), NF1 (n = 39), and their siblings without a genetic condition (n = 32) completed well-validated clinical symptom rating scales. Results from parent questionnaires indicated greater symptomatology on scales measuring internalizing behaviors and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in both syndrome groups as compared with unaffected children. Frequency and severity of emotional and behavioral symptoms were remarkably similar across the two clinical groups. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were higher in children who were also rated as meeting symptom criteria for ADHD. While self-report ratings by children generally correlated with parent ratings, symptom severity was less pronounced. Among unaffected siblings, parent ratings indicated higher than expected levels of anxiety. Study findings may assist with guiding family-based interventions to address emotional challenges.

Visual avoidance of unpleasant stimuli (i.e., strategic positioning of eyes, head and torso away from an environmental stimulus) is a common attentional control behavior that may down-regulate emotion by reducing visual input. Despite its ubiquity, relatively little is known about how visual avoidance is affected by neurological diseases that impact neural circuits involved in emotional functioning. We examined visual avoidance in 56 behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) patients, 43 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and 34 healthy controls. Participants came to our laboratory and viewed an extremely disgusting film clip while visual avoidance was measured using behavioral coding of head, body, and eye position. Controlling for differences in cognitive functioning, bvFTD patients were less likely to engage in visual avoidance behaviors than both AD patients and healthy controls. Additional analyses revealed that diminished visual avoidance in this task was associated with lower levels of real-world emotion regulation but not with emotion reactivity as reported by the primary caregiver.

This study aims to assess the family functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Chinese boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and their parents using Pediatric Quality-of-Life Family Impact Module ( PedsQL FIM) and Pediatric Quality-of-Life Inventory (PedsQL) 4.0. Findings from 15 families with DMD were compared with 15 unaffected families. The HRQOL, as measured by the mean PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale scores for the boys with DMD were significantly lower than those of age-matched healthy boys, for overall ( p < 0.05, parent-report; p

Purpose: To examine effects of subjective perception and objective status of cognition on emotional functioning in a sample of adults with long-term neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.Meth...

Objectives This study examined trajectories of emotional functioning in three domains (depressive symptoms, emotional, and social loneliness) for individuals who experienced spousal bereavement and investigated cross-domain adaptation. We hypothesized that emotional difficulties after bereavement would be more detectable in emotional loneliness than depressive symptoms or social loneliness. Methods Using latent class growth analysis, we modeled changes in depressive symptoms, emotional loneliness, and social loneliness from 12 years pre- to 12 years post-bereavement on data from 686 older adults to identify trajectories indicating adaptive and maladaptive functioning in each domain. Results Most participants reported depressive symptoms below the clinically relevant threshold by showing a resilient (15.5%) or a slightly elevated (53.5%) trajectory post-bereavement. One third (31%) reported clinically relevant depressive symptoms. More than half of the sample reported emotional loneliness post-bereavement, varying form prolonged (17%), increasing and prolonged (28.3%), and chronically high (8.9%) levels. Remaining participants displayed resilience (13.5%) or recovery (32.3%). Social loneliness showed four trajectories: very low and resilient (43.3%), low and resilient (27.5%), increasing (20.2%), and chronically high (9%) levels. One third of participants maintained adaptive, whereas 12% displayed maladaptive, functioning across all domains post-bereavement. Discussion An increase in emotional loneliness was the most commonly observed change after spousal bereavement. This highlights the central role of emotional loneliness in depression after bereavement.

Introduction: Profound hearing loss significantly affects the quality of life of deaf people as well as their families. Observation of the benefit from the use of cochlear implants in deaf patients allows to assess the success of treatment with this method and its impact on the quality of life of these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the quality of life in patient after the cochlear implantation in the material of Department of Phoniatrics and Audiology of the Medical University in Poznań. Material and methods: The study involved implanted patients who voluntarily joined to the project entitled "Observational study of the implanted patient (Cochlear-IROS)". It has a prospective character, it is an international and long-term study, covering the observation of patients up to three years after implantation. Standardized HUI and SSQ questionnaires were used. 70 patients were included in the analysis, the mean age at the time of the cochlear implantation was 47.6 years. In the research group there were 33 men and 37 women. In the whole group, the patients' age at implantation was at least 18 years, max. 80 years. Results: The results of the SSQ questionnaire, which deals with the self-assessment of hearing ability in everyday situations, indicate that in the subjective assessment of patients one year after surgery the speech hearing improved by 77%, spatial hearing by 84%, and the quality of hearing by 49%. The general quality of life before the first connection of the sound processor according to the HUI questionnaire, the patients rated at 0.49 (0-1 scale, where 0 - corresponds to the death condition and 1 - full health). After one year from the implantation, this rating increased to 0.56. Conclusions: The implantation of the cochlear implant significantly increases the patient's quality of life, its physical and emotional functioning. Statistically significant better self-assessment of patients mainly concerned hearing speech and spatial hearing - especially after 1 year of connecting the speech processor.

Background A small body of data exists concerning psychosocial issues in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) subjected to soft braces. No study was yet performed on the detailed psychosocial implications in AIS patients. Objective To compare the psychosocial implications of the flexible SpineCor with the Cheneau orthosis in AIS females. Methods Patients (aged 10-18 years) deliberately assigned to undergo SpineCor (SC group, 30 patients) or Cheneau brace (Ch group, 41 patients) intervention completed the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22), the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ), the Brace Questionnaire (BrQ) and the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). Results Concerning the BrQ, study groups differ in regards to emotional functioning (p= 0.014), vitality (p= 0.022) and social functioning (p= 0.048), indicating better functioning in the Ch group. Considering the SAQ, the Ch group assesses body curve (p= 0.024) less critically. Regarding the PODCI, the Ch group scored higher in the Global Functioning Scale (p= 0.023), the Upper Extremity and Physical Function Scale (p= 0.000), the Transfer and Basic Mobility Scale (p= 0.088), the Pain/Comfort Scale (p= 0.009) and the Happiness Scale (p= 0.022). Conclusions This study shows that patients treated with the rigid brace assess their vitality, physical function, emotional and social functioning better and are less critical towards body curve, in comparison to patients treated with the SpineCor.

Evidence suggests that paw preferences are related to emotional functioning in the domestic dog. Whether motor bias in this species is related to the display of behaviour problems, which often have their basis in emotional reactivity, is still unknown. This study therefore explored the relationship between lateralised motor behaviour in the form of paw preferences and the occurrence of canine behaviour problems. Fifty-two dogs presenting with one or more behaviour problems, and 61 control animals, had their paw preferences assessed using the commonly employed Kong™ ball test. The dogs’ behavioural profile was determined using the C-BARQ, a psychometric tool designed to provide standardized evaluations of canine behaviour. Analysis revealed a roughly equal split in the proportion of dogs classified as ambilateral and lateralised, although dogs were more like to be ambilateral than left- or right-pawed. Dogs differed significantly in their behavioural profile, with animals in the behaviour problem group displaying more severe patterns of stranger- and dog-directed aggression and fear, non-social fear and touch sensitivity than those in the control group. There was no significant difference in the distribution, direction or strength of the dogs’ paw use between the two groups of animals. The dogs’ paw preference classification was significantly associated with one of the C-BARQ subscale scores, namely stranger-directed aggression, with left-pawed dogs having lower scores on this subscale than right-pawed or ambilateral animals. The direction of the dogs’ paw use in the behaviour problem group was significantly correlated with C-BARQ scores for the subscales of stranger-directed aggression, stranger-directed fear and attention-seeking behaviour, with higher subscale scores associated with increasing right-pawedness. There was no significant correlation between the direction of the dogs’ paw use and any of the other C-BARQ subscale scores. The strength of the dogs’ paw preferences was not significantly correlated with any of the C-BARQ subscale scores for either the control or behaviour problem group of animals. Canine sex was not significantly related to either the dogs’ paw preferences or the presentation of behaviour problems. Overall, this study provides little evidence in support of a relationship between paw preference and the occurrence of behaviour problems in the domestic dog. Further, longitudinal, work is recommended in an effort to unravel the ontogeny of lateralisation and its association with emotional reactivity in this species.

Introduction/Objective. Strict gluten-free diet for life is the only treatment for patients with coeliac disease. Limited selection of food options can affect their quality of life and cause problems in acceptance by their peers. The aim was to examine the subjective quality of life experience in children and adolescents with coeliac disease and to obtain a comprehensive representation of physical and mental impairments and social functioning compared to their healthy peers. Methods. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study. It included 116 respondents aged 5?18 years with coeliac disease and 116 healthy children of similar age and sex. A Serbian version of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) was used to measure the quality of life in children. Descriptive statistics were calculated to analyze all results, while t-test was used to compare them. Results. The mean value of total PedsQL score was lower in the coeliac disease patients (75.89 ? 20.35) than in the controls (86.35 ? 11.13). Additionally, the experimental group reported lower all PedsQL Scale scores than the control group in the domains of psychosocial, school, social, and emotional functioning. However, there was no statistically significant difference on the physical health scale. These results were the same in all age groups among both males and females. Conclusions. The disturbance of health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with coeliac disease is significant and the quality of life is lower if compared to their healthy peers.