Search

Introduction: HIV infection as a chronic disease has emerged from treatment advances over the past three decades. From this perspective, the diseases associated with AIDS are not a main threat for patients who use Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). A new set of HIV associated complications have emerged resulting in comorbidities related to aging and ART exposure as cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Brazil. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at all Specialized Care Services for people living with HIV in the Southeast of Brazil. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire was used and cardiovascular risk assessed through the Framingham Score. Data analysis was performed by Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression. Results: The majority were male, over 40 years old and they showed a mean age of 44 years. Current hypertension, diabetes, altered body mass index, presence of metabolic syndrome and altered abdominal circumference were also associated with cardiovascular risk. After regression analysis, male sex, older age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome were related as predictive factors for a higher cardiovascular risk. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that combination of the prevention of modifiable risk factors with considerable changes in lifestyle are determining factors for success in the therapeutic of PLWH. High levels of motivation are essential for behavioral changes, and nurses are ideally position to provide safe care with nonpharmacological strategies for CVD risk reduction.

The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the non-disclosure of HIV seropositivity among people living with HIV/AIDS undergoing antiretroviral treatment. A cross-sectional study was carried out in five HIV clinics in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of HIV status disclosure. It was found that 68.5% revealed their HIV seropositivity to their most recent sexual partner. The variables "casual partner" [OR 19.08, 95% CI (4.08, 20.23), p = 0.001], "sexual partners with negative HIV or unknown HIV" [OR 4.54, 95% CI (1.58, 1.01), p = 0.005], "multiple sexual partners" [OR = 3.17, 95% CI (1.34, 7.35), p = 0.009], and "lack of communication with the partner on HIV prevention"[OR = 8.3, 95% CI (3.88, 16.61), p = 0.001] were independently associated with non-disclosure of the diagnosis. Future HIV prevention interventions should encourage open communication between sexual partners.El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los factores asociados con la no divulgación de la seropositividad al VIH entre las personas que viven con el VIH / SIDA en tratamiento antirretroviral. Se realizó un estudio transversal en cinco clínicas de VIH en el interior del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Se utilizó un análisis de regresión logística para determinar predictores independientes de la revelación del estado del VIH. Se encontró que el 68,5% reveló su seropositividad al VIH a su pareja sexual más reciente. Las variables "pareja casual" [OR 19,08, IC 95% (4,08, 20,23), p = 0,001], "parejas sexuales con VIH negativo o VIH desconocido" [OR 4,54,95% IC 95% (1,58, 1,01), p = 0,005], "múltiples parejas sexuales" [OR 3,17, IC del 95% (1,34, 7,35), p = 0,009] y "falta de comunicación con la pareja sobre la prevención del VIH" [OR 8,3, IC 95% (3,88, 16,61), p = 0,001] se asociaron de forma independiente con la no divulgación del diagnóstico. Las futuras intervenciones de prevención del VIH deberían fomentar la comunicación abierta entre las parejas sexuales.

Background After HIV diagnosis, people maintain, reestablish their sexual lives, or build new relationships, often with HIV seronegative partners. Therefore, understanding the factors concerning couple-vulnerability is essential in order to design effective HIV preventive strategies. We examined HIV serodiscordant couples prevalence and their associated factors from a Brazilian city. Methods This is a cross-sectional analytical study carried out with people living with HIV (PLHIV) who had an active sex life and were engagement in HIV health care follow-up. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire during individual interviews. We analyzed data using bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results There was 72.0% of HIV serodiscordant partnerships. Those who inconsistently used condoms (aOR: 0.3[0.13–0.7]) and/or had HIV detectable viral load (aOR: 0.29 [0.12–0.7]) were less likely to have an HIV serodiscordant sexual partner. On other hand, the lack of HIV transmission counseling by the health service (aOR: 5.08 [2.02–12.76]), or those who had a casual partner (aOR: 8.12 [1.7–38.8]) or a steady and casual one concomitantly (aOR: 24.82 [1.46–420.83]), were more likely to indicate an HIV serodiscordant partnership. Conclusion The findings showed a high prevalence of serodiscordant partnerships in PLHIV. Greater visibility among couples in the health services is needed as well as a reassessment in order to provide PLHIV and their sexual partners with care strategies, by the health professionals.

Objective To identify overweight and obesity and as associated variables in people living with HIV. Method Cross-sectional, quantitative and analytical study, developed in specialized services in southeastern Brazil. Individual specifics were carried out from 2014 to 2016. Pearson's Chi-Square test, Logistic Regression and OddsRatio (OR) were used. Results Of the 340 respondents, 47.7% were overweight. The highest abdominal circumferences and lipid changes were predominantly among the highest body mass index (BMI). The greatest chances of obtaining BMI values>25 kg/m² were among men (OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.02-2.42), having metabolic syndrome (OR: 5.66; 95% CI: 3.26-9.83) and the undue (OR: 3.89; 95% CI: 2.17-7.00). However, having self-reported hypertension was configured as a protective factor (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08-0.44). Conclusion The frequency of obesity and overweight between PLHIV was high. There was an association of male gender, metabolic syndrome and smoking with weight gain. The presence of self-reported hypertension was considered a protective factor. RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar el sobrepeso y la obesidad y como variables asociadas en personas que viven con el VIH. Método Estudio transversal, cuantitativo y analítico, desarrollado en servicios especializados en el sureste de Brasil. Se realizaron especificidades individuales de 2014 a 2016. Se utilizaron la prueba de Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson, Regresión logística y OddsRatio (OR). Resultados De los 340 encuestados, el 47,7% tenía sobrepeso. Las circunferencias abdominales más altas y los cambios de lípidos se encontraban predominantemente entre los índices de masa corporal (IMC) más altos. Las mayores probabilidades de obtener valores de IMC>25 kg/m² se dieron entre los hombres (OR: 1,87; IC del 95%: 1,02-2,42), con síndrome metabólico (OR: 5,66; IC 95%: 3,26-9,83) y lo indebido (OR: 3,89; IC 95%: 2,17-7,00). Sin embargo, tener hipertensión arterial sistémica autoinformada se configuró como un factor protector (OR: 0,18; IC del 95%: 0,08-0,44). Conclusión la frecuencia de obesidad y sobrepeso entre PVVIH fue alta. Hubo una asociación de sexo masculino, síndrome metabólico y tabaquismo con aumento de peso. La presencia de hipertensión arterial sistémica autoinformada se consideró un factor protector. RESUMO Objetivo Identificar sobrepeso e obesidade e as variáveis associadas em pessoas que vivem com o HIV. Método Estudo transversal, quantitativo e analítico, desenvolvido em serviços especializados no sudeste do Brasil. Realizaram-se entrevistas individuais de 2014 a 2016. Utilizou-se o teste de Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, Regressão Logística e o OddsRatio (OR). Resultados Dos 340 entrevistados, 47,7% estavam acima do peso. As maiores circunferências abdominais e alterações lipídicas estavam predominantemente entre os maiores índices de massa corporal (IMC). As maiores chances de se obter valores do IMC>25 kg/m² estavam entre homens (OR:1,87;IC95%:1,02-2,42), ter síndrome metabólica (OR:5,66;IC95%:3,26-9,83) e os fumantes (OR:3,89;IC95%:2,17-7,00). Entretanto, ter hipertensão arterial sistêmica autodeclarada, configurou-se como fator de proteção (OR:0,18;IC95%:0,08-0,44). Conclusão A frequência de obesidade e sobrepeso entre PVHIV foi elevada. Houve associação do sexo masculino, síndrome metabólica e o hábito de fumar do aumento de peso. A presença de HAS autodeclarada foi considerada fator de proteção.

Objective: to analyze predictors of inconsistent condom use among HIV-positive people with sexual immunodeficiency virus serodifferent sexual partnership. Method: cross-sectional, analytical study with a consecutive non-probabilistic sample consisting of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus with serodifferent sexual partnership and who were in outpatient clinical follow-up. Data were collected through individual interviews guided by a semi-structured questionnaire and subsequently analyzed with bivariate analysis and logistic regression. Results: Seven variables were independently associated with inconsistent condom use. Schooling less than 11 years of schooling (4.9 [2.4-10.1]), having multiple partnerships (5.0 [1.3-19.6]), using alcohol (2.1 [1.1 -4.4]) or other drugs (2.8 [1.2-6.3]), do not receive advice from a healthcare professional (2.0 [1.1-3.9]), have no knowledge of treatment as prevention (3.0 [1,2-6,9]) and not knowing that undetectable viral load reduces the risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission (3.8 [1,1-13,7]) were predictors for inconsistent condom use. Conclusion: The study showed that psychosocial factors interfere with consistent condom use between serodifferent partnerships. Thus, it is highlighted that there is a need for comprehensive interventions that include the integration of clinical and psychosocial care.

Introduction. Symptoms of depression are highly prevalent among people living with HIV/AIDS in Brazil and in other countries. This situation points to the need for proper diagnosis and timely treatment by the health team. Objective. To identify the prevalence of depressive symptoms and its association with sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral disorders among PLWHA. Method. This cross-sectional study analyzed 331 people living with HIV/AIDS in the city of São Paulo, Southeast Brazil. The Beck Depression Inventory was used to assess depressive symptoms. To identify predictors of depression, a multiple regression model was used, with a 95% confidence interval. Results. Of the participants, 167 (50.5%) were men, with an average age of 40. Depressive symptoms were prevalent in 42.3% and the factors associated with depression were being employed, age, and immunological status. Being employed was 1.8 times more likely (95% CI [1.0, 2.8]) to develop depressive symptoms than those who were not employed. The odds ratio of individuals under the age of 40 indicates they were 1.8 times more likely (95% CI [1.1, 2.8]) to have depressive symptoms than those over 40 years old. In regard to clinical aspects, individuals with 200 CD4 cells per mm3 are 2.1 times (95% CI [1.1, 3.9]) more likely to develop depression. Discussion and conclusion. We conclude that the prevalence of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS was 42.3% and it was associated with being employed, age and CD4 + cell count.

Introducción: En el contexto de las personas que viven con VIH (PVVIH), la dislipidemia es un tema que se ha venido discutiendo ampliamente, tanto por su origen multifactorial y sus implicaciones cardiovasculares, como por las posibles estrategias de prevención. De este modo, este estudio tiene por objeto evaluar la presencia de la dislipidemia en personas que viven con VIH y su asociación con aspectos sociodemográficos, actitudinales y clínicos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio analítico, transversal realizado entre 2014 y 2016. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas en las que se utilizaban cuestionarios y se consultaban las historias médicas. Para analizar la asociación, se utilizaron las pruebas Chi-Cuadrado y Exacto de Fisher, y la estadística Kappa para análisis de concordancia, con un nivel de significancia de p

Resumo OBJETIVOS Verificar a associação entre os fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais com a síndrome metabólica em pessoas vivendo com HIV. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal, realizado em ambulatórios especializados no município de Ribeirão Preto - SP, entre outubro de 2014 a outubro de 2016. Para avaliação da síndrome metabólica utilizou-se os critérios do National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III e da International Diabetes Federation. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais e utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher. RESULTADOS Foram avaliados 340 pacientes, 28,5% (n=97) com SM pelo critério do National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, e 39,4% (n=134) pela International Diabetes Federation. Houve associação entre a síndrome metabólica e as variáveis sexo (ATP: p

Objetivo: analisar os hábitos de vida e o risco cardiovascular de pessoas vivendo com o vírus da imunodeficiênciahumana, por meio de fatores sociodemográficos, clínicos e comportamentais. Método: trata-se de estudo transversal,quantitativo, realizado em serviços especializados no atendimento de pessoas vivendo com o vírus da imunodeficiênciahumana, no período de 2014 a 2016, num município no interior do estado de São Paulo – Brasil. Utilizou-se Escorede Risco de Framingham para estratificação do risco cardiovascular. Resultados: participaram 340 pessoas. Houveassociação entre o risco cardiovascular e as variáveis sexo (p=0,003), idade (p

Objetivo: conhecer a percepcao da equipe de enfermagem acerca da gravidez no contexto da infeccao pelo HIV. Metodo: estudo qualitativo realizado em um hospital de referencia. Para coleta de dados, foram realizadas entrevistas individuais e gravadas com 15 profissionais de enfermagem que prestam assistencia a mulher durante o seu processo gravidico e/ou puerperal. Os dados foram descritos segundo analise tematica. Resultados: a gestacao no contexto da infeccao pelo HIV/aids e percebida como irresponsabilidade, desinformacao, com preocupacao dos riscos da transmissao vertical. Os discursos divergentes da equipe de enfermagem apontam para a falta de compreensao da gravidez no plano das necessidades e desejos de pessoas que vivem com o HIV, o que pode favorecer acolhimento inadequado e assistencia de enfermagem limitada a condutas e procedimento tecnicos para a reducao da transmissao vertical do HIV. Conclusao: e necessario que a formacao em saude nos diversos niveis da enfermagem inclua questoes de genero, direitos sexuais e reprodutivos.

[Purpose] This study attempted to assess the impact of pain on the life of breast cancer survivors using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). [Subjects and Methods] A cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants comprised 30 women, aged 30-80 years, who had received treatment for breast cancer (surgery and complementary treatment) at least 12 months prior to the study and had reported chronic pain related to the treatment procedures. [Results] The highest scores were found for "mood" (median: 5.00 points; first quartile: 1.00 points; third quartile: 7.25 points), "normal work" (median: 5.00 points; first quartile: 0.00 points; third quartile: 8.00 points), and "sleep" (median: 4.50 points, first quartile: 0.00 points, third quartile: 8.00 points). [Conclusion] Pain exerts a negative impact primarily on mood, normal work, and sleep among breast cancer survivors.