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1. Estimation of the duration between HIV seroconversion and HIV diagnosis in different population groups in French Guiana: Strategic information to reduce the proportion of undiagnosed infections.

Author

Mathieu Nacher, Antoine Adenis, Florence Huber, Edouard Hallet, Philippe Abboud, Emilie Mosnier, Bastien Bideau, Christian Marty, Aude Lucarelli, Vanessa Morel, François Lacapère, Loïc Epelboin, and Pierre Couppié

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Given the great efforts put into the strategic objective of reducing the proportion of HIV-infected patients that are undiagnosed, the aim of the present study was to review the temporal trends between 1997 and 2016 for median estimates of infection duration and median CD4 count at diagnosis for the main patient origins in French Guiana. METHODS:CD4 cell count at HIV sero-conversion and square root of CD4 cell decline were obtained using the CD4 decline in a cohort of HIV-infected persons in the UK, fitting random effect (slope and intercept) multilevel linear regression models. Multivariate analysis used robust regression for modeling the delay between estimated HIV seroconversion and diagnosis and quantile regression for CD4 at HIV diagnosis. RESULTS:The median interval between the estimated HIV seroconversion and HIV diagnosis was 8 years for patients fromBrazil, 4.5 years for those from Haiti, 6.6 years for those from Suriname, 3.3 years for patients from Guyana, and 3.1 years for French patients. A simple robust regression model with French patients as reference group adjusting for sex and age at the time of diagnosis showed that the interval was significantly longer for Brazilian (β = +3.7 years, P = 0.001), Surinamese (β = +4.2 years, P

Published
2018
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2. Underestimation of species richness in neotropical frogs revealed by mtDNA analyses.

Author

Antoine Fouquet, André Gilles, Miguel Vences, Christian Marty, Michel Blanc, and Neil J Gemmell

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Amphibians are rapidly vanishing. At the same time, it is most likely that the number of amphibian species is highly underestimated. Recent DNA barcoding work has attempted to define a threshold between intra- and inter-specific genetic distances to help identify candidate species. In groups with high extinction rates and poorly known species boundaries, like amphibians, such tools may provide a way to rapidly evaluate species richness.Here we analyse published and new 16S rDNA sequences from 60 frog species of Amazonia-Guianas to obtain a minimum estimate of the number of undescribed species in this region. We combined isolation by distance, phylogenetic analyses, and comparison of molecular distances to evaluate threshold values for the identification of candidate species among these frogs.In most cases, geographically distant populations belong to genetically highly distinct lineages that could be considered as candidate new species. This was not universal among the taxa studied and thus widespread species of Neotropical frogs really do exist, contrary to previous assumptions. Moreover, the many instances of paraphyly and the wide overlap between distributions of inter- and intra-specific distances reinforce the hypothesis that many cryptic species remain to be described. In our data set, pairwise genetic distances below 0.02 are strongly correlated with geographical distances. This correlation remains statistically significant until genetic distance is 0.05, with no such relation thereafter. This suggests that for higher distances allopatric and sympatric cryptic species prevail. Based on our analyses, we propose a more inclusive pairwise genetic distance of 0.03 between taxa to target lineages that could correspond to candidate species.Using this approach, we identify 129 candidate species, two-fold greater than the 60 species included in the current study. This leads to estimates of around 170 to 460 frog taxa unrecognized in Amazonia-Guianas.As a consequence the global amphibian decline detected especially in the Neotropics may be worse than realised.

Published
2007
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3. Failure of a Mexican antivenom on recovery from snakebite-related coagulopathy in French Guiana

Author

David Boels, Adrien Ehrhardt, Sébastien Larréché, Véronique Lambert, Xavier Heckmann, Anne Jolivet, Jean-François Carod, Frédérique Perotti, Christian Marty, Georges Mion, and Ibrahim Lehida Andi

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Injury control, business.industry, Antivenom, Poison control, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, Toxicology, medicine.disease, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, parasitic diseases, Tissue damage, Emergency medicine, Injury prevention, Coagulopathy, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Abstract

Introduction: In French Guiana, most snakebites are caused by crotalids, with the main signs being tissue damage and bleeding due to venom-induced coagulopathy. Since December 2014 the Western Guia...

Published
2020
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4. Case Report: Acute Kidney Failure due to Massive Envenomation of a Two-Year-Old Child Caused by Killer Bee Stings

Author

Christian Marty, Narcisse Elenga, Swann Geoffroy, Yann Lambert, and Alexis Fremery

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Chlorpheniramine, Prednisolone, Acute kidney failure, Hybrid species, Furosemide, Virology, Intensive care, medicine, Animals, Humans, Envenomation, Glucocorticoids, Acute tubular necrosis, Acetaminophen, business.industry, Insect Bites and Stings, Articles, Acute Kidney Injury, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Bees, medicine.disease, Bee stings, French Guiana, Bee Venoms, Infectious Diseases, South american, Child, Preschool, Histamine H1 Antagonists, Parasitology, Female, business, Rhabdomyolysis
Abstract

A hybrid species of Brazilian bee has proliferated on the South American continent since 1956. We describe a “killer bee” swarm attack on a 2-year-old girl in French Guiana. The patient weighed 10 kg, and approximately hundreds of bees’ stingers were removed, that is, 10 stings/kg. Our patient survived without long-term sequelae. The management of her condition required admission into intensive care for renal failure due to acute tubular necrosis and severe rhabdomyolysis. We emphasize the importance of early medical intervention, clinical surveillance, and biological monitoring at the hospital to prevent a toxic chain reaction that could prove fatal within 72 hours.

Published
2021

5. Case Report: 'Killer Bee' Swarm Attacks in French Guiana: The Importance of Prompt Care

Author

Swann Geoffroy, Yann Lambert, Christian Marty, Alexis Fremery, and Nathalie André

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Chlorpheniramine, Epinephrine, medicine.medical_treatment, Prednisolone, Hybrid species, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Methylprednisolone, Young Adult, French overseas region, Virology, Oxygen therapy, medicine, Animals, Humans, Sympathomimetics, Envenomation, Acetaminophen, business.industry, Toxic reaction, Insect Bites and Stings, Articles, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Bees, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, French Guiana, Oxygen, Infectious Diseases, Emergency medicine, Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Histamine H1 Antagonists, Parasitology, Medical team, Saline Solution, business, Anaphylaxis
Abstract

In French Guiana, a French overseas region partly located in the Amazon, “Africanized” bees, a hybrid species of Brazilian bees known as “killer bees,” have been observed since 1975. Since then, several cases requiring long hospitalization times have been described, allowing for a better understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms of this particular envenomation. Here, we report on a series of 10 cases of patients simultaneously attacked by hundreds of killer bees and immediately treated by a prehospital medical team already on site. Between 75 and 650 stingers were removed per victim. The reference treatment for anaphylaxis using intramuscular injection of epinephrine, vascular filling, and oxygen therapy was administered to all patients without delay. A clinical description was provided, and biological tests were performed immediately after the envenomation. We therefore observe the existence of a two-phase, medically well-controlled systemic toxic reaction. Thus, all our patients left the hospital after 44 hours of monitoring with no complications or sequelae, despite levels of intoxication described as potentially fatal elsewhere in the literature.

Published
2021

6. Reply to Comment on Failure of a Mexican antivenom on recovery from snakebite-related coagulopathy in French Guiana

Author

Adrien Ehrhardt, David Boels, Frédérique Perotti, Xavier Heckmann, Anne Jolivet, Ibrahim Lehida Andi, Jean-François Carod, Christian Marty, Sébastien Larréché, Véronique Lambert, and Georges Mion

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Antivenins, Antivenom, MEDLINE, Snake Bites, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, Blood Coagulation Disorders, Toxicology, medicine.disease, French Guiana, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hemostasis, Coagulopathy, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Intensive care medicine
Abstract

Dear Editor, We thank Drs Greene and Brandehoff for their interest in our article, but we are surprised that they consider a study comparing the kinetics of hemostasis in 84 patients envenomed main...

Published
2020

7. Paid HIV rapid testing in general medicine private practice in French Guiana: a pilot project

Author

Leila Adriouch, Levy-Loeb M, Pierre Couppié, Christian Marty, Mathieu Nacher, S Dimanche, Vincent Vantilcke, Anne Jolivet, Antoine Adenis, Issa Sangare, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, Inserm CIC1424, Réseau Kikiwi, Réseau Ville-hôpital VIH, Cayenne, Guyane française, Maison des réseaux de la Guyane, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly (Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni), Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG), Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine (COREVIH), Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre de dépistage du VIH et des IST, Croix Rouge française, Guyane française, and Croix rouge française

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Health professionals, business.industry, 030106 microbiology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), virus diseases, General Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hiv test, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Private practice, Family medicine, Medicine, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Christian ministry, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Rapid testing
Abstract

International audience; French Guiana has long been the French territory most affected by HIV (Ministry of Health, 2010). Persons unaware of their HIV infection have a preponderant role in the infection of new sexual partners.1 Too often, HIV-infected persons unaware of their infections repeatedly come in contact with physicians without being offered an HIV test.2 In French Guiana, private practitioners perform 70% of all HIV tests and diagnose 45% of new HIV patients.3 Following the national recommendations to do an HIV test each year for every one having sexual relations in French Guiana,4,5 a pilot project using rapid HIV tests in the private practice was developed by the Réseau Kikiwi, a network of health professionals involved in HIV care and testing. The objective here is to present this experience and its evaluation.

Published
2017
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8. High mortality due to snakebites in French Guiana: Time has come to re-evaluate medical management protocols

Author

R. Mutricy, Frédérique Perotti, Véronique Lambert, Mathieu Nacher, Christian Marty, Jean-Philippe Chippaux, Xavier Heckmann, Maylis Douine, Anne Jolivet, David Boels, Sébastien Larréché, Loïc Epelboin, Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Service d’Accueil des Urgences/SAMU/SMUR [Cayenne, Guyane Fraçaise], Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG), Croix-rouge française [Cayenne, Guyane Fraçaise], Département de Santé Publique [Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane Française], Service de gynécologie et d’obstétrique [Saint Laurent du Maroni, Guyanne Française], Pharmacy, Centre Hospitalier de l’Ouest Guyanais, Saint Laurent du Maroni, France, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly (Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni), Centre Antipoison et Toxicovigilance du Grand Ouest (Angers) (CAPTV Angers), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Begin, Service de Santé des Armées, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et l’Enfance [Cotonou, Bénin] (CERPAGE), Université d’Abomey-Calavi = University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris (UPD5 Pharmacie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Coordination Régionale de la lutte contre le Virus de L'Immunodéficience Humaine [Cayenne, Guyane] (COREVIH), Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, Inserm CIC1424, Centres antipoison et de toxicovigilance (CAPTV Angers), Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et l’Enfance (CERPAGE), University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane - UFR des sciences médicales (UAG UFR SM), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie [CH Briançon], Centre Hospitalier des Escartons de Briançon (CH Briançon), Université de Guyane (UG), and Latour, Marie

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Snake Bites, Toxicology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geographical locations, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, Toxins, Snakebite, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mortality rate, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, High mortality, Eukaryota, Snakes, Squamates, 3. Good health, French Guiana, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Viewpoints, Infectious Diseases, Research Design, Vertebrates, Brazil, Neglected Tropical Diseases, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Death Rates, Clinical Research Design, 030231 tropical medicine, Toxic Agents, Colombia, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Population Metrics, Environmental health, Animals, Humans, Adverse effect, Population Biology, business.industry, Venoms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Reptiles, lcsh:RA1-1270, South America, Tropical Diseases, Health Care, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Amniotes, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Adverse Events, People and places, Health Statistics, Morbidity, business
Abstract

International audience; no abstract

Published
2018
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9. Predictors of complications of snake envenomation in Cayenne, French Guiana, 2007-2015

Author

Maylis Douine, Mathieu Nacher, Gérald Egmann, R. Mutricy, Stéphanie Houcke, Loïc Epelboin, Antoine Adenis, Christian Marty, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, Inserm CIC1424, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale (EPat), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Guyane (UG), Service d’Accueil des Urgences/SAMU/SMUR [Cayenne, Guyane Fraçaise], Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Croix-rouge française [Cayenne, Guyane Fraçaise], Unité de Soins Intensifs [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (UMIT), and Funding was provided by Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé (Grant No. Bourse année recherche 2015/2016).

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cayenne, Pain medicine, 030231 tropical medicine, Snake Bites, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Anesthesiology, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, computer.programming_language, Snake envenomation, business.industry, Anatomy, medicine.disease, Snake bites, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Emergency medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, business, computer
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017
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10. Functional Characterization of Human Tc0, Tc1 and Tc2 CD8+T Cell Clones: Control of X4 and R5 HIV Strain Replication

Author

Michèle Février, Antoine Talarmin, Yves Rivière, Sylvie Le Borgne, and Christian Marty

Subjects
Male, T cell, Immunology, Biology, Virus Replication, Virus, Interleukin 21, Th2 Cells, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Cytotoxic T cell, RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, T lymphocyte, Th1 Cells, Phenotype, Virology, Clone Cells, medicine.anatomical_structure, Viral replication, HIV-1, Cytokines, Female, CD8, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract

CD8(+) T lymphocytes have the potential ability to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, by secreting soluble(s) factor(s) known as CD8(+) T lymphocyte antiviral factor (CAF). A panel of CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell clones from HIV1-infected and uninfected donors were generated to better define the phenotype of CAF-producing cells. We first verified that the different CD4(+) T cell subsets (Th0, Th1, and Th2) were productively infected by X4 and R5 virus strains. X4 viral replication in CD4(+) T cells was controlled by the three CD8(+) T cell subsets (Tc0, Tc1, and Tc2); however, the frequency of Tc clones controlling R5 strain was much lower with a dramatic absence of this activity among Tc clones from uninfected donor. Finally, capacity to control viral replication showed an heterogeneity: some clones could control both virus strains, some controlled only the X4 virus, whereas the majority exerted no suppressive activity.

Published
2004
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11. Increased Incidence of Genital Herpes after HAART Initiation: A Frequent Presentation of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-Infected Patients

Author

Mathieu Nacher, Christian Marty, Myriam El Guedj, Dominique Sainte-Marie, F. Sarazin, Pierre Couppié, Tania Vaz, and E. Clyti

Subjects
Male, Herpes Genitalis, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, HIV Infections, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Immunology, medicine, Humans, Hiv infected patients, Female, Guinea, Iris (anatomy), Presentation (obstetrics), Genital herpes, business, Retrospective Studies
Published
2006
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12. Increased incidence of leprosy following HAART initiation: a manifestation of the immune reconstitution disease

Author

Dominique Sainte-Marie, Mathieu Nacher, Pierre Couppié, Christian Marty, Valérie Domergue, Tania Vaz, E. Clyti, and Myriam El Guedj

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, HIV Infections, Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Leprosy, Epidemiology, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Hazard ratio, virus diseases, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Surgery, French Guiana, Infectious Diseases, Female, business, Epidemiologic Methods, Cohort study
Abstract

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine whether the incidence of leprosy varied with the duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Between 1992 and 2006, seven cases of leprosy were observed. The incidence of leprosy in untreated patients was 0.7 per 1000 person-years, 13 per 1000 person-years in persons receiving HAART for more than 3 months and 0.9 per 1000 person-years for persons receiving HAART for more than 3 months. The adjusted hazard ratio was 18.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.6-217) with P = 0.02. In tropical areas where HAART is increasingly available, physicians should be aware of the possibility of incident leprosy shortly after HAART initiation.

Published
2009

13. Nosocomial nasal myiasis owing to Cochliomyia hominivorax: a case in French Guiana

Author

P. Rabarison, Bernard Carme, M. Roussel, Marie‐Josée Sockeel, Dominique Sainte-Marie, Christian Marty, and Pierre Couppié

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cross Infection, biology, business.industry, Hospitalized patients, fungi, Dermatology, Nose, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Surgery, French Guiana, Myiasis, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Humans, Calliphoridae, business, Cochliomyia hominivorax, Aged
Abstract

The larval stages of the fly Cochliomyia hominivorax are responsible for myiasis, which primarily affects wounds. We report the case of a bed-ridden patient with dementia who developed right nasal myiasis during his stay at Cayenne Hospital. Progression was favorable, but the nasal pyramid was partially destroyed. In zones where this fly is endemic, particular attention should be given to hospitalized patients with wounds and consciousness problems.

Published
2005

14. First seroepidemiological study and phylogenetic characterization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and II infection among Amerindians in French Guiana

Author

Bruno Vion, Christian Marty, Guénola Du Fou, Mirdad Kazanji, Abel Ureta-Vidal, and Antoine Talarmin

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Sequence analysis, viruses, T cell, Creole language, Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, Genes, env, Serology, Phylogenetics, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Virology, medicine, Humans, Child, Gene, Phylogeny, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular epidemiology, Phylogenetic tree, Indians, South American, Human T-lymphotropic virus 2, Terminal Repeat Sequences, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Middle Aged, HTLV-I Infections, French Guiana, HTLV-I Antibodies, HTLV-II Antibodies, medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, HTLV-II Infections, Female
Abstract

We investigated the serological, epidemiological and molecular aspects of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and II (HTLV-I/II) infection in the Amerindian populations of French Guiana by testing 847 sera. No HTLV-II antibodies were detected, but five individuals (0·59%) were seropositive for HTLV-I. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of 522 bp of the env gene and the compete LTR showed that all of the strains from French Guiana belonged to the cosmopolitan subtype A. The similarities were greater between Amerindian and Creole strains than between Amerindian and Noir-Marron strains or than between Creole and Noir-Marron strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed two clusters: one of strains from Amerindians and Creoles, which belong to the transcontinental subgroup, and the other of strains from Noirs-Marrons, belonging to the West African subgroup. Our results suggest that the Amerindian HTLV-I strains are of African origin.

Published
1999

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