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To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression of women during pregnancy and perinatal period.We systematically searched online databases to identify any report on maternal depression during pregnancy or postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Survey (EPDS) and maternal anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) until 5th July 2020. The random-effects model was used to pool the effect sizes and standardized mean differences (SMDs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Eight studies reported depressive and anxiety states of 7750 women, either pregnant or postpartum were included. The overall pooled EPDS score was higher among women during pandemic (SMD= 0.40, 95% CI: -0.05 - 0.86,The present meta-analysis provides evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly increases the risk of anxiety among women during pregnancy and perinatal period. Support measures should be considered for women during pregnancy or perinatal period to guarantee mental health for this susceptible population.

Background: The last two decades have seen a growing number of pregnancies in women who needed the donation of oocytes. With oocyte donation pregnancies, studies on obstetric outcomes among these w...

To investigate the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in couples with an unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) history, a retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2014 and 2015. The study group (A) included couples with an unexplained RPL, and the control group (B) was composed of couples who attended the Low-Risk Antenatal Unit during the same period. On the other hand, 53 couples were included in the study group (A) and on the other hand, 65 in the control group (B). Women with previous unexplained recurrent pregnancies loss had a significantly increased risk of gestational diabetes with 12 cases (22.6%) in the study group and 3 cases (4.6%) in the control (OR: 6.048; 95% CI: 1.607-22.762

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of growth hormone (GH) supplementation in improving the in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes of poor responders. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting Not applicable. Patient(s) Poor ovarian responders undergoing conventional IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Intervention(s) Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of poor ovarian responders undergoing a single IVF/ICSI cycle with GH supplementation versus conventional controlled ovarian stimulation. This review was registered in the PROSPERO database before starting data extraction (CRD42020151681). Main Outcome Measure(s) Primary outcome was live birth rate. Clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, number of oocytes, number of mature (metaphase II [MII]) oocytes and the number of embryos available to transfer were considered as secondary outcomes. Result(s) Twelve RCTs were included; 586 women were assigned to the intervention group and 553 to the control group. The analysis revealed that patients receiving GH supplementation did not show an increased live birth rate, miscarriage rate, or ongoing pregnancy rate. However, GH supplementation in poor responders increased clinical pregnancy rate, number of oocytes retrieved (mean difference 1.62), number of MII oocytes (mean difference 2.06), and number of embryos available to transfer (mean difference 0.76). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses did not provide statistical changes to pooled results. Conclusion(s) The present meta-analysis provides evidence that GH supplementation may improve some reproductive outcomes in poor responders, but not live birth rates.

The pathophysiology of severe endometriosis in young women remains unknown. Menorrhagia, or heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding, is the most common symptom experienced by women with von Willebrand disease (vWD) and represents a possible risk factor for developing endometriosis. A 17-year-old woman affected by vWD presented with severe dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding. After being diagnosed with multiple ovarian endometriomas, the patient underwent repeated surgeries due to suspicious appearance of recurrent pelvic masses. vWD may be a risk factor for developing severe endometriosis, and patients with endometriosis should be screened for vWD and other bleeding disorders. Ovarian endometriomas in such patients might present a more severe progression and unique ultrasound findings, mimicking malignancies.

Adnexal masses represent a common finding among both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. This article will concentrate on the importance of an accurate preoperative diagnosis of adnexal masses that may be encountered in the course of an assessment of the female pelvis. The ultrasonographic modalities including two-dimensional, Doppler, three-dimensional and real-time four-dimensional approach, the accuracy of the technique, and the role of second-level exam will be discussed. In this review, we searched for the most relevant articles on the topic with a special focus on the importance of an accurate preoperative diagnosis of adnexal masses, the different ultrasonographic modalities, and the role of second-level exam. The primary goal of diagnostic evaluation is to exclude malignancy. Furthermore, differentiation among pelvic masses with non-malignant features is relevant as well since suitable counseling and treatment depend on the suspected histology. Ultrasound represents the first-line modality for assessing adnexal masses and showed a very accurate examination. Ultrasound, performed by experienced operators, is effective in the morphologic evaluation of the adnexal masses and is useful in discriminating between benign and malignant lesions. Second-level exams may include assessment by an experienced ultrasound examiner, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. Ultrasound represents the first-line modality for assessing adnexal masses. Predicting the nature of an adnexal mass is essential regarding counseling, clinical management and surgical planning in such patients. Pattern recognition can accurately diagnose the majority of the benign masses and malignancies.