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Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of three different miniature locking plate systems used to fixate radial and ulnar fractures in toy breed dogs. Implant size, shape, material and locking systems differ, and their influence on the fracture healing process is unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate this matter in vivo using rabbit radial and ulnar fracture models. Study Design Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, and the left radius and ulna were osteotomized to create fracture models. The osteotomies were then fixated using either the TITAN LOCK 1.5, Fixin micro or LCP 1.5 system. Radiographs were obtained 2, 3 and 4 weeks after surgery. Four weeks after surgery, the radiuses were collected and used for biomechanical testing or histological examinations. Results During the 4 weeks of observation, no adverse effects due to the implants occurred. The radiographic scores in each group did not differ significantly at any time point. The maximum load in the LCP group was significantly higher than that in the TITAN and Fixin groups. There was no significant difference in bending stiffness or work to failure among the groups. Initial fracture healing via woven bone was evident at histological evaluation. Conclusions All three miniature locking plate systems provided adequate fracture stabilization 4 weeks after surgery, despite their differences, in rabbit models.

The bone regeneration capacities of calcium phosphate (CaP)-loaded carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) nonwoven sheet (CMC/CaP) were evaluated using a dog lateral femoral condyle defect model. In addition, the effect of bFGF on bone regeneration when added to CMC/CaP sheet was investigated. The CMC and CMC/CaP sheets have high operability. The new bone formation rate in the CMC/CaP group was significantly higher than that in the control and CMC groups based on micro-computed tomography and histological evaluation. In contrast, there was no significant difference between the CMC/CaP group and the CMC/CaP/f group. In conclusion, the CMC/CaP sheet has the ability to promote new bone formation and seems to be useful as a sheet-shaped bone graft substitute. The effect of the auditioning signaling molecules to the CMC/CaP sheet, such as bFGF, requires further investigation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1516-1521, 2019.

Oxaliplatin causes peripheral neuropathy as a major dose-limiting side effect, and the control of this neuropathy is difficult. This study was designed to investigate whether prophylactic repetitive administration of 5-HT1A receptor agonists inhibits oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia in mice. Repetitive administration of 5-HT1A receptor agonists (xaliproden and tandospirone) inhibited mechanical allodynia induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of oxaliplatin. These agonists also inhibited oxaliplatin-induced mast cell migration, which is involved in the induction of mechanical allodynia. These results suggest that the prophylactic repetitive administration of 5-HT1A receptor agonists attenuates oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia by inhibiting the cutaneous mast cell migration.

In the present study we investigated whether xaliproden, a selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist, could relieve allodynia induced by three types of chemotherapeutic agents (paclitaxel, vincristine, and oxaliplatin) in mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel (5mg/kg), vincristine (0.1mg/kg), or oxaliplatin (3mg/kg) time-dependently increased punctate stimulation-evoked allodynia over 10-14 days; the intensities of allodynia were similar between the treatment groups. A single oral dose of xaliproden (0.3-3mg/kg) inhibited paclitaxel-induced allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. Xaliproden (3mg/kg) administration produced a slight and no suppression of vincristine-induced and oxaliplatin-induced allodynia, respectively. The firing response of the tibial nerve to punctate stimulation increased in mice that received paclitaxel or oxaliplatin. Xaliproden (3mg/kg) markedly inhibited the firing response in the mice treated with paclitaxel, while it partially inhibited the firing response in the oxaliplatin-treated animals. Vincristine did not significantly increase the tibial nerve response. Paclitaxel significantly increased the mRNA expression of 5-HT1A receptor in the dorsal root ganglia, but not in the spinal dorsal horn. In contrast, oxaliplatin significantly increased the mRNA expression of 5-HT1A receptor in the spinal dorsal horn, but not in the dorsal root ganglia. Vincristine did not affect the mRNA expression of 5-HT1A receptor in both these regions. These results suggest that xaliproden produces acute inhibition of mechanical allodynia induced by paclitaxel, but not by vincristine and oxaliplatin, via inhibition of the hyper-response of the primary afferent neurons.

The chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin induces neuropathic pain, a dose-limiting side effect, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we show the potential involvement of cutaneous mast cells in oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia in mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of oxaliplatin induced mechanical allodynia, which peaked on day 10 after injection. Oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia was almost completely prevented by congenital mast cell deficiency. The numbers of total and degranulated mast cells was significantly increased in the skin after oxaliplatin administration. Repetitive topical application of the mast cell stabilizer azelastine hydrochloride inhibited mechanical allodynia and the degranulation of mast cells without affecting the number of mast cells in oxaliplatin-treated mice. The serine protease inhibitor camostat mesilate and the proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) antagonist FSLLRY-NH2 significantly inhibited oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia. However, it was not inhibited by the H1 histamine receptor antagonist terfenadine. Single oxaliplatin administration increased the activity of cutaneous serine proteases, which was attenuated by camostat and mast cell deficiency. Depletion of the capsaicin-sensitive primary afferents by neonatal capsaicin treatment almost completely prevented oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia, the increase in the number of mast cells, and the activity of cutaneous serine proteases. These results suggest that serine protease(s) released from mast cells and PAR2 are involved in oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia. Therefore, oxaliplatin may indirectly affect the functions of mast cells through its action on capsaicin-sensitive primary afferents.

【目的】国体セーリング競技会場に設置したコンディショニングルームでセーリング選手の身体愁訴に対する鍼治療の直後効果を検討したので報告する。【方法】腰部の筋痛 (n=108) 、頚肩背部の筋痛 (n=72) に鍼治療を単独で行った。鍼治療は局所治療とした。調査項目は主訴およびその程度を示すVAS値とした。VAS値の有意差検定は対応のあるt検定とした。【結果】主訴は腰痛、頚肩背痛、その他の順に多かった。鍼治療は腰部の筋痛 (n=108) のVAS値を治療前53.2±21.5mmから後21.5±16.4mmに減少 (p

【目的】肩こりに及ぼす円皮鍼 (PTN) の効果をプラセボ円皮鍼 (P) を対照とした臨床試験 (CCT) で検討した。【対象及び方法】肩こりを有するボランティア男女合計53名を対象にした。PTNもしくはPの施術部位は後頚部、肩上部、肩甲間部の圧痛点で、3日間継続留置した。評価は3日後の肩こりの自覚及び施術前、施術直後、3日後の肩こり程度のVAS値とした。【結果】「肩こりがある」はP群25名中23例に対しPTN群は28名中12例に減少 (p