16 results on '"Aung, Min"'
Search Results
2. Acute-phase Serum Cytokine Levels and Correlation with Clinical Outcomes in Children and Adults with Primary and Secondary Dengue Virus Infection in Myanmar between 2017 and 2019
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Khine Mya Nwe, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Theingi Win Myat, Chris Fook Sheng Ng, Moh Moh Htun, Htin Lin, Nang Sarm Hom, Aung Min Soe, Annie Elong Ngono, Shinjiro Hamano, Kouichi Morita, Kyaw Zin Thant, Sujan Shresta, Hlaing Myat Thu, and Meng Ling Moi
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dengue ,Myanmar ,cytokines ,clinical severity ,Medicine - Abstract
The dengue virus (DENV) has been endemic in Myanmar since 1970, causing outbreaks every 2–3 years. DENV infection symptoms range from mild fever to lethal hemorrhage. Clinical biomarkers must be identified to facilitate patient risk stratification in the early stages of infection. We analyzed 45 cytokines and other factors in serum samples from the acute phase of DENV infection (within 3–5 days of symptom onset) from 167 patients in Yangon, Myanmar, between 2017 and 2019. All of the patients tested positive for serum DENV nonstructural protein 1 antigen (NS1 Ag); 78.4% and 62.9% were positive for immunoglobulin M (IgM) and G (IgG), respectively; and 18.0%, 19.8%, and 11.9% tested positive for serotypes 1, 3, and 4, respectively. Although the DENV-4 viral load was significantly higher than those of DENV-1 or DENV-3, disease severity was not associated with viral load or serotype. Significant correlations were identified between disease severity and CCL5, SCF, PDGF-BB, IL-10, and TNF-α levels; between NS1 Ag and SCF, CCL5, IFN-α, IL-1α, and IL-22 levels; between thrombocytopenia and IL-2, TNF-α, VEGF-D, and IL-6 levels; and between primary or secondary infection and IL-2, IL-6, IL-31, IL-12p70, and MIP-1β levels. These circulating factors may represent leading signatures in acute DENV infections, reflecting the clinical outcomes in the dengue endemic region, Myanmar.
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- 2022
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3. Detection of genotype-1 of dengue virus serotype 3 for the first time and complete genome analysis of dengue viruses during the 2018 epidemic in Mandalay, Upper Myanmar.
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Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Aung Kyaw Kyaw, Takeshi Nabeshima, Aung Min Soe, Khine Mya Nwe, Kyaw Ko Ko Htet, Thet Htoo Aung, Thein Thein Htwe, Thidar Aung, Su Su Myaing, Tu Tu Mar, Ei Phyu Lwin, Hlaing Myat Thu, Kyaw Zin Thant, and Kouichi Morita
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundDengue (DEN) is a neglected tropical disease, and surveillance of dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and genotypes is critical for the early detection of outbreaks. Risk factors for outbreaks include the emergence of new genotypes and serotype shifting.Methodology and principal findingsTo understand the genomic and viral characteristics of DENV-infected patients, we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study among pediatric patients admitted at the 550-bedded Mandalay Children Hospital during the 2018 DEN endemic season. We conducted virus isolation, serological tests, viremia level measurement, and whole-genome sequencing. Among the 202 serum samples, we detected 85 samples with DENV (46 DENV-1, 10 DENV-3, 26 DENV-4 and three multiple serotype co-infections) via reverse transcription quantitative/real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), and we obtained 49 DENV isolates (31 DENV-1, 10 DENV-3 and 8 DEN-4). We did not detect DENV-2 in this study. The viral genome levels in serum did not differ significantly among virus serotypes, infection status (primary versus secondary) and disease severity. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, we identified DENV-1 genotype-1, DENV-4 genotype-1 and DENV-3 genotype-3 and genotype-1 which was detected for the first time. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed greater frequencies of nonsynonymous and synonymous mutations per gene in the nonstructural genes. Moreover, mutation rates were also higher among DENV-1.Conclusion/significanceIn conclusion, there was an increasing trend of DENV-3 cases during DENV endemic season in 2018 with the first detection of the genotype 1. However, DENV-1 has remained the predominant serotype in this study area since 2013, and we identified stop codon mutations in the DENV-1 genome. This report is the first to feature a complete genome analysis of the strains of DENV-3 and DENV-4 circulating among pediatric patients in Myanmar. This study highlighted the importance of annual surveillance for a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of DENVs.
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- 2021
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4. Complete genome analysis and characterization of neurotropic dengue virus 2 cosmopolitan genotype isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of encephalitis patients.
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Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Rohitha Muthugala, Takeshi Nabeshima, Aung Min Soe, Shyam Prakash Dumre, Lakmali Rajamanthri, Dulani Jayawardana, Shanthi Attanayake, Shingo Inoue, and Kouichi Morita
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection remains a major public health concern in many parts of the world, including Southeast Asia and the Americas. Sri Lanka experienced its largest dengue outbreak in 2017. Neurological symptoms associated with DENV infection have increasingly been reported in both children and adults. Here, we characterize DENV type 2 (DENV-2) strains, which were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or serum of patients with dengue encephalitis. Acute serum and CSF samples from each patient were subjected to dengue-specific non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen test, IgM and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), virus isolation, conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Among the 5 dengue encephalitis patients examined, 4 recovered and 1 died. DENV-2 strains were isolated from serum and/or CSF samples of 3 patients. The highest viral genome levels were detected in the CSF and serum of the patient who succumbed to the illness. A phylogenetic tree revealed that the DENV-2 isolates belonged to a new clade of cosmopolitan genotype and were genetically close to strains identified in China, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. According to the NGS analysis, greater frequencies of nonsynonymous and synonymous mutations per gene were identified in the nonstructural genes. The full genomes of serum- and CSF-derived DENV-2 from the same patient shared 99.7% similarity, indicating that the virus spread across the blood-brain barrier. This is the first report to describe neurotropic DENV-2 using whole-genome analysis and to provide the clinical, immunological, and virological characteristics of dengue encephalitis patients during a severe dengue outbreak in Sri Lanka in 2017.
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- 2020
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5. Serological Evidence of Zika Virus Infection in Febrile Patients and Healthy Blood Donors in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, 2017–2018
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Shahnaz Binti Sabri, Daisuke Mori, Shingo Inoue, Saliz Binti Shaharom, Khine Mya Nwe, Kamrudin Ahmed, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Aung Min Soe, Omar Kwang Kugan, Jecelyn John, Kouichi Morita, and Jiloris Frederick Dony
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Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Fever ,Serological evidence ,Blood Donors ,Antibodies, Viral ,Zika virus ,Young Adult ,Borneo ,Neutralization Tests ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Virology ,Neutralization test ,Humans ,Medicine ,Seroprevalence ,Child ,Igg elisa ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Malaysia ,Infant ,Febrile illness ,Zika Virus ,Middle Aged ,Serum samples ,biology.organism_classification ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Immunoglobulin G ,Female ,Parasitology ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Several Zika virus (ZIKV) seroprevalence studies have been conducted in Africa, Asia, Oceania, the Americas, and the Caribbean. However, studies on ZIKV seroprevalence are limited in Malaysia though several studies have shown that the disease is endemic in the Malaysian state of Sabah. To evaluate the seroprevalence of ZIKV infection, 818 serum samples were collected from febrile patients and healthy blood donors from the Kudat and Kota Kinabalu districts in Sabah from 2017 to 2018. They were screened for ZIKV infection by IgM and IgG ELISA, and positive ZIKV IgM samples were subjected to a 90% neutralization test for confirmation. Twenty-four (6% [95% CI 4 to 8]) confirmed and two (0.5% [95% CI 0.13 to 1.8]) probable ZIKV infections were detected among 400 febrile illness patients. Of 418 healthy blood donor samples, six (1.4% [95% CI 0.65 to 3]) were determined as confirmed ZIKV infections and six (1.4% [95% CI 0.65 to 3]) indicated probable ZIKV infection. This is the first study on the seroprevalence of ZIKV infections among patients and healthy blood donors in Sabah. Compared with previous studies in Malaysia, this study shows that the incidence of ZIKV infection has increased. It also suggests that a sero-surveillance system is essential to determine the circulation of ZIKV in Sabah, Malaysia.
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- 2022
6. Chikungunya Virus Infection in Blood Donors and Patients During Outbreak, Mandalay, Myanmar, 2019
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Kouichi Morita, Kyaw Zin Thant, Thida Aung, Thet Htoo Aung, Khin Moh Moh Win, Aung Min Soe, Thein Thein Htwe, Ei Phyu Lwin, Takeshi Nabeshima, Su Su Myaing, Corazon C. Buerano, Thida Thida, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Tu Tu Mar, Aung Kyaw Kyaw, Hlaing Myat Thu, and Khin Mar Myint
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Microbiology (medical) ,chikungunya ,Genotype ,Epidemiology ,CHIKV ,Prevalence ,lcsh:Medicine ,Myanmar ,medicine.disease_cause ,molecular epidemiology ,Disease Outbreaks ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,neurologic manifestations ,Chikungunya Virus Infection in Blood Donors and Patients with Acute Febrile Illness, Mandalay, Myanmar, 2019 ,medicine ,Humans ,viruses ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Chikungunya ,Child ,Phylogeny ,chikungunya virus ,Molecular epidemiology ,outbreak ,business.industry ,acute febrile illness ,lcsh:R ,Dispatch ,Outbreak ,Virology ,zoonoses ,Infectious Diseases ,Chikungunya Virus Infection ,Chikungunya Fever ,blood donors ,business - Abstract
In 2019, an outbreak of chikungunya virus infection occurred in Mandalay, Myanmar, and 3.2% of blood donors and 20.5% of patients who were children were confirmed as being infected. The prevalence rate was up to 6.3% among blood donors. The East Central/ South African genotype was predominantly circulating during this outbreak., Emerging Infectious Diseases, 26(11), pp.2741-2745; 2020
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- 2020
7. Zika virus infection in asymptomatic persons in Myanmar, 2018
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Shingo Inoue, Khine Mya Nwe, Kyaw Zin Thant, Elizabeth Luvai, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Saw Wut Hmone, Corazon C. Buerano, Kouichi Morita, and Aung Min Soe
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Indirect elisa ,030231 tropical medicine ,Myanmar ,Antibodies, Viral ,Asymptomatic ,Zika virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neutralization test ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Outbreak ,Zika Virus ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Serum samples ,Virology ,Flavivirus ,Infectious Diseases ,Caribbean Region ,Immunoglobulin M ,Africa ,biology.protein ,Parasitology ,Americas ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
BackgroundZika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus. Outbreaks of ZIKV infection have occurred in Africa, Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, the Americas and the Caribbean. Although most ZIKV infections are asymptomatic, cases of neurological manifestations have been described. The aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence of ZIKV infection among the asymptomatic persons in Myanmar in 2018.MethodsA total of 284 serum samples from apparently healthy persons were collected from Yangon, Myanmar in 2018. They were analysed for ZIKV infection by immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), IgG indirect ELISA, 50% focus reduction neutralization test, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and conventional RT-PCR.ResultsOf the 284 apparently healthy persons, 31.3% were positive for the presence of IgM against ZIKV and 94.3% were positive for anti-flavivirus IgG. Among the ZIKV IgM-positive samples, we confirmed ZIKV infection in 15.8% of asymptomatic persons by neutralization test and real-time RT-PCR.ConclusionsWe conclude that ZIKV infection was increasing among asymptomatic persons in the same area in Myanmar during 2018 compared with 2017. It is highly recommended to strengthen the surveillance system for ZIKV to prevent possible outbreaks.
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- 2020
8. Emergence of a Novel Dengue Virus 3 (DENV-3) Genotype-I Coincident with Increased DENV-3 Cases in Yangon, Myanmar between 2017 and 2019
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Mizuki Fukuta, Hlaing Myat Thu, Futoshi Hasebe, Nang Sarm Hom, Shingo Inoue, Khine Mya Nwe, Kyaw Zin Thant, Takeshi Nabeshima, Meng Ling Moi, Lynn Pa Pa Aye, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Kouichi Morita, Aung Min Soe, Sujan Shresta, Htin Lin, Theingi Win Myat, and Moh Moh Htun
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0301 basic medicine ,Serotype ,viruses ,Myanmar ,Dengue virus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Communicable Diseases, Emerging ,Disease Outbreaks ,Dengue fever ,Dengue ,0302 clinical medicine ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Genotype ,Child ,Phylogeny ,Transmission (medicine) ,virus diseases ,QR1-502 ,dengue outbreak ,co-circulation ,serotypes ,genotype-1 ,DENV-3 ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Viral load ,Adolescent ,030231 tropical medicine ,Genome, Viral ,Biology ,Serogroup ,History, 21st Century ,Microbiology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Virology ,Genetic variation ,medicine ,Humans ,Whole Genome Sequencing ,Genetic Variation ,Dengue Virus ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Amino Acid Substitution - Abstract
Dengue fever, caused by the mosquito-borne dengue virus (DENV), has been endemic in Myanmar since 1970 and it has become a significant public health burden. It is crucial that circulating DENV strains are identified and monitored, and that their transmission efficiency and association with disease severity is understood. In this study, we analyzed DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 serotypes in 1235 serum samples collected in Myanmar between 2017 and 2019. Whole-genome sequencing of DENV-1–4 demonstrated that most DENV-1–4 strains had been circulating in Myanmar for several years. We also identified the emergence of DENV-3 genotype-I in 2017 samples, which persisted through 2018 and 2019. The emergence of the strain coincided with a period of increased DENV-3 cases and marked changes in the serotype dynamics. Nevertheless, we detected no significant differences between serum viral loads, disease severity, and infection status of individuals infected with different DENV serotypes during the 3-year study. Our results not only identify the spread of a new DENV-3 genotype into Yangon, Myanmar, but also support the importance of DENV evolution in changing the epidemic dynamics in endemic regions.
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- 2021
9. Bilateral facial neuritis associated with dabrafenib and trametinib after failure of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for stage III melanoma
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Kerwin F. Shannon, Edwin J. Morrison, Andrew T. Li, Edward Hsiao, Georgina V. Long, Aung Min Maw, and Sydney Ch'ng
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Oncology ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin Neoplasms ,Pyridones ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pyrimidinones ,Internal medicine ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Oximes ,Medicine ,Humans ,Stage III melanoma ,Melanoma ,Trametinib ,Facial Neuritis ,business.industry ,Imidazoles ,Dabrafenib ,General Medicine ,Immunotherapy ,Neoadjuvant Therapy ,Mutation ,Surgery ,Facial Nerve Diseases ,business ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2021
10. Detection of genotype-1 of dengue virus serotype 3 for the first time and complete genome analysis of dengue viruses during the 2018 epidemic in Mandalay, Upper Myanmar
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Aung Kyaw Kyaw, Kyaw Ko Ko Htet, Su Su Myaing, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Kouichi Morita, Thidar Aung, Tu Tu Mar, Thein Thein Htwe, Khine Mya Nwe, Takeshi Nabeshima, Aung Min Soe, Hlaing Myat Thu, Thet Htoo Aung, Kyaw Zin Thant, and Ei Phyu Lwin
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0301 basic medicine ,Serotype ,Male ,RNA viruses ,Viral Diseases ,Epidemiology ,viruses ,Myanmar ,Dengue virus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Pediatrics ,Dengue fever ,Disease Outbreaks ,Dengue Fever ,Dengue ,Geographical Locations ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medical Conditions ,Genotype ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Child ,Phylogeny ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Multidisciplinary ,virus diseases ,Infectious Diseases ,Medical Microbiology ,Child, Preschool ,Viral Pathogens ,Viruses ,Medicine ,Female ,Pathogens ,Pediatric Infections ,Research Article ,Neglected Tropical Diseases ,Asia ,Infectious Disease Control ,Science ,030231 tropical medicine ,Genome, Viral ,Biology ,Disease Surveillance ,Serogroup ,Microbiology ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,Viremia ,Serotyping ,Epidemics ,Microbial Pathogens ,Molecular epidemiology ,Whole Genome Sequencing ,Biology and life sciences ,Flaviviruses ,Organisms ,Tropical disease ,Outbreak ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Dengue Virus ,medicine.disease ,Tropical Diseases ,Virology ,030104 developmental biology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Infectious Disease Surveillance ,People and Places - Abstract
Background: Dengue (DEN) is a neglected tropical disease, and surveillance of dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and genotypes is critical for the early detection of outbreaks. Risk factors for outbreaks include the emergence of new genotypes and serotype shifting. Methodology and principal findings: To understand the genomic and viral characteristics of DENV-infected patients, we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study among pediatric patients admitted at the 550-bedded Mandalay Children Hospital during the 2018 DEN endemic season. We conducted virus isolation, serological tests, viremia level measurement, and whole-genome sequencing. Among the 202 serum samples, we detected 85 samples with DENV (46 DENV-1, 10 DENV-3, 26 DENV-4 and three multiple serotype co-infections) via reverse transcription quantitative/real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), and we obtained 49 DENV isolates (31 DENV-1, 10 DENV-3 and 8 DEN-4). We did not detect DENV-2 in this study. The viral genome levels in serum did not differ significantly among virus serotypes, infection status (primary versus secondary) and disease severity. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, we identified DENV-1 genotype-1, DENV-4 genotype-1 and DENV-3 genotype-3 and genotype-1 which was detected for the first time. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed greater frequencies of nonsynonymous and synonymous mutations per gene in the nonstructural genes. Moreover, mutation rates were also higher among DENV-1. Conclusion/Significance: In conclusion, there was an increasing trend of DENV-3 cases during DENV endemic season in 2018 with the first detection of the genotype 1. However, DENV-1 has remained the predominant serotype in this study area since 2013, and we identified stop codon mutations in the DENV-1 genome. This report is the first to feature a complete genome analysis of the strains of DENV-3 and DENV-4 circulating among pediatric patients in Myanmar. This study highlighted the importance of annual surveillance for a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of DENVs., PLoS ONE, 16(6), art. no. e0251314; 2021
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- 2021
11. Case Report of 18F-FDG PET/CT Features of Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Mammoplasty
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Samriti Sood, Geoffrey Schembri, and Aung Min Maw
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Polyacrylamide Hydrogel ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Mammaplasty ,Acrylic Resins ,Mammoplasty ,Breast Neoplasms ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ,Recurrence ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Retroperitoneal liposarcoma ,neoplasms ,Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Liposarcoma ,Middle Aged ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Fdg pet ct ,Female ,Ct imaging ,Nuclear medicine ,business - Abstract
A 57-year-old woman with a history of previous bilateral breast polyacrylamide hydrogel injection presented for 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging to investigate recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Incidental symmetrical FDG-positive accumulation was noted in the bilateral axillae tracking between the interpectoral planes. The finding is consistent with a chronic inflammatory process secondary to the migration of the polyacrylamide hydrogel injections.
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- 2020
12. Clinical, Virological, and Cytokine Profiles of Children Infected with Dengue Virus during the Outbreak in Southern Vietnam in 2017
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Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Van Quang Pham, Shyam Prakash Dumre, Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen, Corazon C. Buerano, Nguyen Thanh Nhan Le, Kouichi Morita, Minh Tuan Nguyen, Aung Min Soe, Thi Quynh Mai Le, Tsuyoshi Ando, Futoshi Hasebe, and Thanh Hung Nguyen
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Serotype ,Male ,Adolescent ,Secondary infection ,viruses ,Viremia ,Dengue virus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Viral ,Dengue fever ,Disease Outbreaks ,Dengue ,Virology ,Medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Retrospective Studies ,biology ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Outbreak ,virus diseases ,Infant ,Articles ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Immunoglobulin M ,Vietnam ,Child, Preschool ,Immunoglobulin G ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Parasitology ,Female ,Antibody ,business - Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Vietnam, and the incidence is higher and more consistent in the southern part of the country. This study investigated the circulation of DENV serotypes, viremia levels, immunological status, and cytokine levels, with disease severities among children infected in 2017 in Ho Chi Minh City, Southern Vietnam. Acute and convalescent serum samples were collected from clinically diagnosed dengue children. They were confirmed to have DENV infection by NS1 antigen, IgM and IgG ELISAs, virus isolation, and conventional and real-time RT-PCR. Measurement of 10 cytokine levels was performed in the serum samples. All the children were dengue IgM positive; 28% and 72% of them had primary and secondary DENV infections, respectively, whereas 54% of those with secondary infection were children with dengue with warning signs and with severe dengue. Any or mixed infection of the four serotypes of DENV RNA was detected in 58 children. Twenty DENV strains (DENV-1 = 16 and DENV-4 = 4) were isolated. Levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-10, and IL-6 were significantly higher in severe dengue cases. We report the predominance of DENV-1 over other serotypes in the 2017 dengue outbreak in Southern Vietnam. Our data showed that cytokine expressions were correlated with dengue pathogenesis and may help in identifying an effective therapeutic strategy., The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 102(6), pp.1217-1225; 2020
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- 2020
13. Unusual, neurological and severe dengue manifestations during the outbreak in Sri Lanka, 2017
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Shanthi Attanayake, Rohitha Muthugala, Aung Min Soe, Shingo Inoue, Takeshi Nabeshima, Dulani Jayawardana, Corazon C. Buerano, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Tsuyoshi Ando, Daisuke Hayasaka, Kouichi Morita, Shyam Prakash Dumre, and Lakmali Rajamanthri
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0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Myocarditis ,Adolescent ,Genotype ,viruses ,Secondary infection ,030106 microbiology ,Antibodies, Viral ,Serology ,Dengue fever ,Disease Outbreaks ,Dengue ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Virology ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Severe Dengue ,Child ,Phylogeny ,Aged ,Sri Lanka ,Molecular epidemiology ,business.industry ,Coinfection ,virus diseases ,Outbreak ,Infant ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Dengue Virus ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Immunoglobulin M ,Child, Preschool ,Population study ,RNA, Viral ,Female ,Nervous System Diseases ,business ,geographic locations ,Encephalitis - Abstract
Background Sri Lanka experienced its largest dengue outbreak in 2017 with more than 185,000 dengue cases including at least 250 fatalities. Objectives Our study aimed to characterize the clinical, immunological and virological features of confirmed dengue patients in Sri Lanka during the outbreak in 2017 when unusual manifestations of severe dengue were observed. Study design Sera from 295 patients who were admitted to Teaching Hospital Kandy, Kandy, Sri Lanka between March 2017- January 2018 were subjected to NS1 antigen, IgM and IgG ELISAs, virus isolation, conventional and real time RT-PCR and next generation sequencing. Results Primary and secondary infections were detected in 48.5 % and 51.5 % of the study population, respectively. Two hundred twenty five DENV strains were isolated (219 DENV-2, one DENV-3, two DENV-4, two mixed infections of DENV-2 and -3 and one mixed infection of DENV-2 and -4). Unusual and severe manifestations such as encephalitis, encephalopathy, liver failure, kidney failure, myocarditis, Guillain–Barre syndrome and multi-organ failure were noted in 44 dengue patients with 11 deaths. The viraemia levels in patients with primary infection and unusual manifestations were significantly higher compared to those in patients with secondary infection. A new clade of DENV-2 Cosmopolitan genotype strains was observed with the strains closely related to those from China, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore and Taiwan. Conclusions The new clade of DENV-2 cosmopolitan genotype observed in Sri Lanka in 2017 caused an unprecedented, severe dengue outbreak. The emergence of DENV-3 and DENV-4 in the 2017 outbreak might cause future outbreaks in Sri Lanka.
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- 2019
14. Catalase-Like Antioxidant Activity is Unaltered in Hypochlorous Acid Oxidized Horse Heart Myoglobin
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Natasha A. Hamilton, XiaoSuo Wang, Thomas W. Hambly, Aung Min Maw, Mary El Kazzi, Belal Chami, Gulfam Ahmad, Paul K. Witting, and Maria Tereza S. Moreira
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0301 basic medicine ,MetMb reductase ,Hemeprotein ,Antioxidant ,Hypochlorous acid ,Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Clinical Biochemistry ,catalase-like antioxidant activity ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Protein oxidation ,Biochemistry ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cytochrome b5 ,medicine ,protein oxidation ,Molecular Biology ,biology ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,Oxygen transport ,Cell Biology ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,030104 developmental biology ,Myoglobin ,chemistry ,Catalase ,myoglobin ,biology.protein ,haem-iron reduction ,hypochlorous acid ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Activated neutrophils release myeloperoxidase that produces the potent oxidant hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Exposure of the oxygen transport protein horse heart myoglobin (hhMb) to HOCl inhibits Iron III (Fe(III))-heme reduction by cytochrome b5 to oxygen-binding Iron II (Fe(II))Mb. Pathological concentrations of HOCl yielded myoglobin oxidation products of increased electrophoretic mobility and markedly different UV/Vis absorbance. Mass analysis indicated HOCl caused successive mass increases of 16 a.m.u., consistent serial addition of molecular oxygen to the protein. By contrast, parallel analysis of protein chlorination by quantitative mass spectrometry revealed a comparatively minor increase in the 3-chlorotyrosine/tyrosine ratio. Pre-treatment of hhMb with HOCl affected the peroxidase reaction between the hemoprotein and H2O2 as judged by a HOCl dose-dependent decrease in spin-trapped tyrosyl radical detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and the rate constant of 2,2&prime, azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) oxidation. By contrast, Mb catalase-like antioxidant activity remained unchanged under the same conditions. Notably, HOCl-modification of Mb decreased the rate of ferric-to-ferrous Mb reduction by a cytochrome b5 reductase system. Taken together, these data indicate oxidizing HOCl promotes Mb oxidation but not chlorination and that oxidized Mb shows altered Mb peroxidase-like activity and diminished rates of one-electron reduction by cytochrome b5 reductase, possibly affecting oxygen storage and transport however, Mb-catalase-like antioxidant activity remains unchanged.
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- 2019
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15. Complete genome analysis and characterization of neurotropic dengue virus 2 cosmopolitan genotype isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of encephalitis patients
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Kouichi Morita, Rohitha Muthugala, Aung Min Soe, Dulani Jayawardana, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun, Lakmali Rajamanthri, Shyam Prakash Dumre, Shingo Inoue, Takeshi Nabeshima, and Shanthi Attanayake
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0301 basic medicine ,Nonsynonymous substitution ,RNA viruses ,Male ,Viral Diseases ,Physiology ,viruses ,Dengue virus ,Viral Nonstructural Proteins ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Nervous System ,law.invention ,Dengue fever ,Dengue Fever ,Dengue ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System ,Genotype ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Child ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Cerebrospinal Fluid ,Multidisciplinary ,virus diseases ,Eye Muscles ,Body Fluids ,Infectious Diseases ,Neurology ,Medical Microbiology ,Viral Pathogens ,Viruses ,Medicine ,Encephalitis ,Female ,Anatomy ,Pathogens ,Research Article ,Neglected Tropical Diseases ,Adult ,Science ,Ocular Anatomy ,030231 tropical medicine ,Pain ,Genome, Viral ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Signs and Symptoms ,Extraction techniques ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Ocular System ,medicine ,Humans ,Microbial Pathogens ,Flaviviruses ,Organisms ,Outbreak ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Myalgia ,Dengue Virus ,medicine.disease ,Tropical Diseases ,Virology ,RNA extraction ,Abdominal Pain ,Research and analysis methods ,030104 developmental biology ,Immunoglobulin M ,Immunoglobulin G - Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection remains a major public health concern in many parts of the world, including Southeast Asia and the Americas. Sri Lanka experienced its largest dengue outbreak in 2017. Neurological symptoms associated with DENV infection have increasingly been reported in both children and adults. Here, we characterize DENV type 2 (DENV-2) strains, which were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or serum of patients with dengue encephalitis. Acute serum and CSF samples from each patient were subjected to dengue-specific non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen test, IgM and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), virus isolation, conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Among the 5 dengue encephalitis patients examined, 4 recovered and 1 died. DENV-2 strains were isolated from serum and/or CSF samples of 3 patients. The highest viral genome levels were detected in the CSF and serum of the patient who succumbed to the illness. A phylogenetic tree revealed that the DENV-2 isolates belonged to a new clade of cosmopolitan genotype and were genetically close to strains identified in China, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. According to the NGS analysis, greater frequencies of nonsynonymous and synonymous mutations per gene were identified in the nonstructural genes. The full genomes of serum- and CSF-derived DENV-2 from the same patient shared 99.7% similarity, indicating that the virus spread across the blood-brain barrier. This is the first report to describe neurotropic DENV-2 using whole-genome analysis and to provide the clinical, immunological, and virological characteristics of dengue encephalitis patients during a severe dengue outbreak in Sri Lanka in 2017., PLOS ONE, 15(6), art.no.e0234508; 2020
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- 2020
16. Effects of 8 weeks of CPAP on lipid-based oxidative markers in obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized trial
- Author
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Camilla M. Hoyos, Ronald R. Grunstein, Brendon J. Yee, Aung Min Maw, Craig L. Phillips, Paul K. Witting, and Sheila Sivam
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Antioxidant ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antioxidants ,Body Mass Index ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Lipid oxidation ,oxidized lipids ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Vitamin E ,Continuous positive airway pressure ,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ,Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ,business.industry ,Apnea ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Lipids ,Obstructive sleep apnea ,Oxidative Stress ,Postprandial ,Endocrinology ,Female ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,medicine.symptom ,Sleep ,business ,Biomarkers ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Dyslipidaemia and increased oxidative stress have been reported in severe obstructive sleep apnea, and both may be related to the development of cardiovascular disease. We have previously shown in a randomized crossover study in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea that therapeutic continuous positive airway pressure treatment for 8 weeks improved postprandial triglycerides and total cholesterol when compared with sham continuous positive airway pressure. From this study we have now compared the effect of 8 weeks of therapeutic continuous positive airway pressure and sham continuous positive airway pressure on oxidative lipid damage and plasma lipophilic antioxidant levels. Unesterified cholesterol, esterified unsaturated fatty acids (cholesteryl linoleate: C18:2; and cholesteryl arachidonate: C20:4; the major unsaturated and oxidizable lipids in low-density lipoproteins), their corresponding oxidized products [cholesteryl ester-derived lipid hydroperoxides and hydroxides (CE-O(O)H)] and antioxidant vitamin E were assessed at 20:30 hours before sleep, and at 06:00 and 08:30 hours after sleep. Amongst the 29 patients completing the study, three had incomplete or missing [CE-O(O)H] data. The mean apnea -hypopnoea index, age and body mass index were 38 per hour, 49 years and 32 kg m(-2) , respectively. No differences in lipid-based oxidative markers or lipophilic antioxidant levels were observed between the continuous positive airway pressure and sham continuous positive airway pressure arms at any of the three time-points [unesterified cholesterol 0.01 mm, P > 0.05; cholesteryl linoleate: C18:2 0.05 mm, P > 0.05; cholesteryl arachidonate: C20:4 0.02 mm, P = 0.05; CE-O(O)H 2.5 nm, P > 0.05; and lipid-soluble antioxidant vitamin E 0.03 μm, P > 0.05]. In this study, accumulating CE-O(O)H, a marker of lipid oxidation, does not appear to play a role in oxidative stress in obstructive sleep apnea. National Health and Medical Research Council project grant 301936
- Published
- 2014
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