39 results on '"Ali, Jawad"'
Search Results
2. Does Insulin Resistance (IR) Have an Impact on The Reproductive and Fertility Potential in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Women? : Review Article
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Muhjah Falah Hassan, Mufedah Ali Jawad, and Rabab Zahir Al-yasiry
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Medicine - Published
- 2023
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3. Update on the management of colchicine resistant Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)
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Georges El Hasbani, Ali Jawad, and Imad Uthman
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Familial Mediterranean fever ,Autoinflammatory diseases ,Colchicine resistance ,Biologics ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), an autoinflammatory disease, is characterized by self-limited inflammatory attacks of fever and polyserositis along with high acute phase response. Although colchicine remains the mainstay in treatment, intolerance and resistance in a certain portion of patients have been posing a problem for physicians. Main body Like many autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, many colchicine-resistant or intolerant FMF cases have been successfully treated with biologics. In addition, many studies have tested the efficacy of biologics in treating FMF manifestations. Conclusion Since carriers of FMF show significantly elevated levels of serum TNF alpha, IL-1, and IL-6, FMF patients who failed colchicine were successfully treated with anti IL-1, anti IL-6, or TNF inhibitors drugs. It is best to use colchicine in combination with biologics.
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- 2019
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4. Thiemann disease and familial digital arthropathy – brachydactyly: two sides of the same coin?
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Nadirah Damseh, Jennifer Stimec, Alan O’Brien, Christian Marshall, Ravi Savarirayan, Ali Jawad, Ronald Laxer, and Peter Kannu
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TRPV4 ,Hand ,Osteonecrosis ,Osteoarthritis ,Arthritis ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Familial digital arthropathy-brachydactyly (FDAB) and Thiemann disease are non-inflammatory digital arthropathies with many phenotypic similarities. Thirty-three cases of Thiemann disease have been described so far (Mangat et al, Ann Rheum Dis 64:11-2, 2005; Ha et al, Thiemann's disease: a case Report, 2017) but no gene variants have been identified as causative to date. FDAB is reported in only a few patients and has been associated with three heterozygous missense variants in the Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) gene. We report a TRPV4 variant in a father and son referred with a diagnosis of Thiemann disease and compare the clinical and radiological features of Thiemann disease with Familial digital arthropathy-brachydactyly (FDAB). We hypothesize that these two entities may be one and the same. Methods We describe a father and son referred with a diagnosis of Thiemann disease who were subsequently identified with a heterozygous variant (c.809G > T) in TRPV4. The identical genetic variant was previously reported to cause FDAB. A PUBMED® database search was conducted to retrieve articles related to Thiemann disease and FDAB. We were able to review the clinical and radiological findings of nineteen individuals affected by Thiemann disease and compare them with three families affected by FDAB. Results Thiemann disease initially affects the proximal interphalangeal joints and primarily the middle phalangeal bases. In FDAB, the distal phalangeal joints are first affected with the middle phalangeal heads being the primary site of changes. Radial deviation has only been described in FDAB. Our analysis determined that 5 of 20 individuals affected by Thiemann disease have clinical and radiological findings that also fit well with FDAB. Conclusion FDAB and Thiemann disease are non-inflammatory digital arthropathies with phenotypic overlap. Although more extensive joint involvement, a distal hand joint preponderance and brachydactyly are expected in FDAB, there are striking clinical and radiological similarities between the two entities. Our analysis suggests that these two phenotypes may represent phenotypic variability of the same entity. Despite many attempts to identify other reported patients affected by Thiemann disease, we were not able to procure DNA from any of the cases to verify our findings. Genetic testing of an affected individual will be crucial in order to provide accurate reproductive genetic counselling about the autosomal dominant nature of this condition.
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- 2019
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5. Public private partnership in in-service training of physicians: the millennium development goal 6-partnership for African clinical training (M-PACT) approach
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Obinna Ositadimma Oleribe, Babatunde Lawal Salako, Albert Akpalu, Emmanuel Anteyi, Mamadou Mourtalla Ka, Gibrilla Deen, Temilola Akande, Mei Ran Abellona U, Maud Lemoine, Mairi McConnochie, Matthew Foster, Richard Walker, Simon David Taylor-Robinson, and Ali Jawad
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continuous professional development ,public-private partnership ,postgraduate medical education ,in-service training ,Medicine - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In-service training of healthcare workers is essential for improving healthcare services and outcome. METHODS: the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 6 Partnership for African Clinical Training (M-PACT) program was an innovative in-service training approach designed and implemented by the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) and West African College of Physicians (WACP) with funding from Eco Bank Foundation. The goal was to develop sustainable capacity to tackle MDG 6 targets in West Africa through better postgraduate medical education. Five training centres were establised: Nigeria (Abuja, Ibadan), Ghana (Accra), Senegal (Dakar) and Sierra Leone (Freetown) for training 681 physicians from across West Africa. A curriculum jointly designed by the RCP-WACP team was used to deliver biannual 5-day training courses over a 3-year period. RESULTS: of 602 trained in clinical medicine, 358 (59.5%) were males and 535 (88.9%) were from hosting countries. 472 (78.4%) of participants received travel bursaries to participate, while 318 (52.8%) were residents in Internal Medicine in the respective institutions. Accra had the highest number of participants (29.7%) followed by Ibadan, (28.7%), Dakar, (24.9%), Abuja, (11.0%) and Freetown, (5.6%). Pre-course clinical knowledge scores ranged from 35.1% in the Freetown Course to 63.8% in Accra Course 1; whereas post-course scores ranged from 50.5% in the Freetown course to 73.8% in Accra course 1. CONCLUSION: M-PACT made a positive impact to quality and outcome of healthcare services in the region and is a model for continued improvement for healthcare outcomes, e.g malaria, HIV and TB incidence and mortality in West Africa.
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- 2018
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6. Paget’s Disease of Bone among Various Ethnic Groups
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Mira Merashli and Ali Jawad
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paget’s disease of bone ,ethnic groups ,epidemiology ,Medicine - Abstract
Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is a relatively benign disease common among many European populations, including those in the UK, Italy and Spain. However, it appears to be rare among Scandinavians and non-European immigrants living in Europe. The prevalence among Asian populations may be underestimated because a large number of reported cases were discovered incidentally. There is a need for surveys addressing the prevalence rate and consequences of PDB to be carried out in various parts of the world, particularly Asia.
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- 2015
7. Helminth Control: In Vitro Anthelmintic and Larvicidal Activities of Solanum surattense Against Fasciola gigantica (Sporocyst, Redia, and Cercaria) Larvae
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Hadi M. Hamza Al-Mayali and Ali Jawad Abdulaali Alyasiri
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medicine ,Virulence ,Parasite hosting ,Leishmaniasis ,Phlebotomus ,Biology ,Leishmania ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Amastigote ,Nested polymerase chain reaction ,Virulence factor ,Microbiology - Abstract
Introduction: Liver flukes (Fasciola species) are parasitic helminths that cause fascioliasis in cattle and humans. The Fasciola species (F. hepatica and F. gigantica) have complicated life cycles in the host snails and mammals. The cattle and human population get infected after ingestion of contaminated miracidium stages of Fasciola through aquatic plants or contaminated water. The developmental stages of liver flukes can be discontinued by terminating larval stages such as sporocyst, redia, and cercaria in vivo or by killing intermediate hosts. Synthetic anthelmintic compounds are highly effective but they cause adverse effects in the environment. Plant products are eco-friendly and safe which can be used in the control of parasitic helminths. Methods: In vitro anthelmintic activities of different preparations of Solanum surattense such as pulverized leaf products, extracts (ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone, and ethanol), and column purified fractions were assessed against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria larvae of F. gigantica. Different preparations of the S. surattense were assessed separately against Fasciola larva after 2 to 8 hours of exposure. These larvae, having up to 48-hour survivability, were kept in tap water at laboratory conditions. Results: Larval mortality was observed after 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours of exposure for the calculation of LC50 value. Among all the organic extracts, the maximum larvicidal activity was observed in ethanol after 2 hours of exposure, the LC50 value against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria was reported to be 63.21, 64.24, and 63.54 mg/mL, respectively. However, maximum activity was observed after 8 hours of exposure in column purified fractions, and the LC50 value against sporocyst, redia, and cercaria was reported to be 48.25, 47.61, and 44.15 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Conclusively, the present research study indicates that S. surattense is a potent source of anthelmintic compounds which can be used for the control of sporocyst, redia, and cercaria larvae of F. gigantica.
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- 2020
8. Extended duration chemoprophylaxis for venous thromboembolism following abdominopelvic oncologic surgery
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John Holtrop, Ali Jawad, John J. Kanitra, and Richard Berri
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Low molecular weight heparin ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Chemoprevention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Clinical Protocols ,Surgical oncology ,medicine ,Humans ,Thrombophilia ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medical prescription ,Pelvic Neoplasms ,Retrospective Studies ,Duration of Therapy ,business.industry ,Anticoagulants ,Venous Thromboembolism ,Hematology ,Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Surgery ,Pulmonary embolism ,Treatment Adherence and Compliance ,Venous thrombosis ,Abdominal Neoplasms ,Surgical Procedures, Operative ,Cohort ,Chemoprophylaxis ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is the most common cause of 30-day morbidity in oncology patients following surgery due to their hypercoagulable state. To combat this, VTE prophylaxis with anticoagulation extending beyond hospital discharge, termed extended duration chemoprophylaxis (EDCP), has been proposed, with the most recent guidelines recommending 28 post-operative days of EDCP. However, the literature has demonstrated poor compliance to these recommendations. We extended the duration of EDCP to 28 days post hospital discharge, effectively creating a standard discharge prescription for all surgical oncology patients. Our aim is to assess our EDCP protocol on patient compliance and VTE rate following major oncologic resection. We performed a retrospective, single institution, cohort study that involved chart review and telephone survey on patients who underwent major open abdominopelvic oncologic resection. A total of 130 patients were included; 60 received EDCP and 68 did not. VTE rate for the EDCP cohort was 0% and 7.4% for the non-EDCP cohort (p = 0.04). 85% of patients were fully compliant with EDCP. No bleeding related complications with EDCP were identified. Our data is consistent with prior literature in demonstrating a lower VTE rate with EDCP without an increase in bleeding related complications and we have demonstrated that it is possible to achieve a high rate of patient compliance with EDCP.
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- 2019
9. Therapeutic hypothermia effect on asphyxial cardiac arrest‑induced renal ischemia/reperfusion injury via change of Nrf2/HO‑1 levels
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Ha-Young Shin, Dongchoon Ahn, In-Shik Kim, Mohammad Sadikul Islam, Jun Ho Lee, Jeong-Hwi Cho, Byung-Yong Park, Weishun Tian, Hyun-Jin Tae, Ali Jawad, Eui-Yong Lee, Yeo-Jin Yoo, Kyung Hwa Kim, Jae Chol Yoon, and So Eun Kim
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,cardiac arrest ,therapeutic hypothermia ,Return of spontaneous circulation ,cardiopulmonary resuscitation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) ,Internal medicine ,nuclear erythroid-2-related factor 2 ,Medicine ,Cardiopulmonary resuscitation ,Blood urea nitrogen ,Asphyxia ,Creatinine ,business.industry ,Articles ,General Medicine ,Hypothermia ,Malondialdehyde ,Heme oxygenase ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,medicine.symptom ,business ,heme oxygenase 1 - Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RI/RI) induced by asphyxial cardiac arrest (CA) in rats. A total of 48 male rats were randomly divided into five groups: i) Sham (n=6); ii) Normothermia + CA (Normo.) (n=14); iii) Normo. and 2 h of TH after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (n=12); iv) Normo. and 4 h of TH after ROSC (n=9); and v) Normo. and 6 h of TH after ROSC (n=7). All rats except the Sham group underwent asphyxia CA and were sacrificed 1 day after ROSC. The survival rate increased from 42.8% in the Normo. group to 50, 66.6 and 85.7% in the groups with 2, 4 and 6 h of TH after CA, respectively. TH attenuated the histopathological changes of the renal tissues following ROSC and the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and malondialdehyde in renal tissues. On immunohistochemistry, the relative optical density of nuclear erythroid-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase (HO-1) expression in renal tissues increased in the Normo. group compared with that in the Sham group and exhibited further significant increases at 6 h of TH after ROSC. In conclusion, TH attenuated renal injury and increased the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in a TH treatment time-dependent manner.
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- 2021
10. Changes of renal histopathology and the role of Nrf2/HO-1 in asphyxial cardiac arrest model in rats
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Ali Jawad, Yeo-Jin Yoo, Jae Chol Yoon, Weishun Tian, Md Sadikul Islam, Eui-Yong Lee, Ha-Young Shin, So Eun Kim, Dongchoon Ahn, Byung-Yong Park, Hyun-Jin Tae, and In-Shik Kim
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Male ,RD1-811 ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Renal cortex ,H&E stain ,Kidney ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Andrology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Animals ,Blood urea nitrogen ,Survival rate ,Creatinine ,business.industry ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Malondialdehyde ,Staining ,Heart Arrest ,Rats ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ,Immunohistochemistry ,Original Article ,Surgery ,business ,Heme Oxygenase-1 - Abstract
Purpose To investigate the role of Nrf2/HO-1 in renal histopathological ailments time-dependently in asphyxial cardiac arrest (CA) rat model. Methods Eighty-eight Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into five groups of eight rats each. Asphyxial CA was induced in all the experimental rats except for the sham group. The rats were sacrificed at 6 hours, 12 hours, one day and two days post-CA. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Crtn) and malondialdehyde from the renal tissues were evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff staining were done to evaluate the renal histopathological changes in the renal cortex. Furthermore, Nrf2/HO-1 immunohistochemistry (ihc) and western blot analysis were performed after CA. Results The survival rate of rats decreased in a time-dependent manner: 66.6% at 6 hours, 50% at 12 hours, 38.1% in one day, and 25.8% in two days. BUN and serum Crtn markedly increased in CA-operated groups. Histopathological ailments of the renal cortical tissues increased significantly from 6 hours until two days post-CA. Furthermore, Nrf2/HO-1 expression level significantly increased at 6 hours, 12 hours, and one day. Conclusions The survival rate decreased time-dependently, and Nrf/HO-1 expression increased from 6 hours with the peak times at 12 hours, and one day post-CA.
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- 2021
11. Renal limited ANCA-positive vasculitis: a rare manifestation of a rare disease
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Ali Jawad Jang Khan and Noman Ahmed Jang Khan
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Male ,pauci-immune ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Renal function ,Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis ,Case Report ,Kidney ,Gastroenterology ,Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Glomerulonephritis ,Rare Diseases ,0302 clinical medicine ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,renal limited vasculitis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,lcsh:Pathology ,Humans ,Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Aged ,Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,lcsh:R5-920 ,business.industry ,anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Creatinine ,Pauci-immune ,Hemodialysis ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Vasculitis ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Safety Research ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Rare disease ,lcsh:RB1-214 - Abstract
Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis is the most common variant of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, accounting for approximately 80% of total cases. Most of the cases are associated with the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and are usually referred to as ANCA-associated vasculitis. A 68-year-old male with no previous renal history presented with complaints of shortness of breath, cough, and bilateral leg swelling for 2 weeks. Initial workup was significant for creatinine elevated at 2.9 mg/dL, blood urea nitrogen at 65 mg/dL, and glomerular filtration rate of 27 mL/min. Further workup was unremarkable for any significant abnormality. Subsequently patient’s kidney function worsened, and temporary hemodialysis was started. Kidney biopsy was performed, which later came back significant for necrotizing arteritis, multifocal, with focal necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis, pauci-immune type. High-dose corticosteroids were administered, and good clinical response was noticed. This is a very rare case of renal limited pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis with annual incidence of 7 to 10 cases per million every year in the United States. The absence of involvement of other organs makes our case even rarer. Mortality is as high as 90% in untreated patients and aggressive therapy with glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide or rituximab are the mainstay of treatment. The presence of significant renal impairment in the absence of other organs involvement in our patient makes it a very unique presentation of ANCA-positive vasculitis.
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- 2020
12. High-Grade Malignant Spindle Cell Sarcoma of the Pelvis Presenting With Bloody Diarrhea and Urinary Retention: A Rare Case With a Rare Presentation
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Noman Ahmed Jang Khan and Ali Jawad Jang Khan
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urinary retention ,medicine.medical_treatment ,spindle cell ,General Engineering ,Foley catheter ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Urinary catheterization ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,sarcoma soft tissue ,Medicine ,Abdomen ,Bloody diarrhea ,Radiology ,Spindle cell sarcoma ,Sarcoma ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Hydronephrosis ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are rare malignant tumors originating from mesenchymal cells. Extremities are the most commonly affected anatomical sites, and majority of them present as a painless mass. We present a very interesting case of high-grade spindle cell sarcoma of the pelvis manifested as urinary retention and bloody diarrhea. A 68-year-old male presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain, inability to void urine, and bloody diarrhea. Straight urinary catheterization retrieved 900 mL of urine, and a Foley catheter was placed. All laboratory workup including complete blood count, complete metabolic panel, and urinalysis were within normal limits, but computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast was remarkable for bilateral moderate hydronephrosis and a large 14 x 9.1 cm pelvic mass fistulizing into the rectum. To better identify the extent of disease, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast was performed, which also revealed a similar large pelvic mass fistulizing into the rectum. Core needle biopsy of the mass was performed, which showed malignant spindle and epithelioid neoplasm with necrosis consistent with high-grade sarcoma. This is a very rare presentation of STS, and, to the best of our knowledge, only few similar cases have been reported thus far.
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- 2020
13. Early diagnosis is associated with improved clinical outcomes in benign esophageal perforation: an individual patient data meta-analysis
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Vermeulen, Bram D., van der Leeden, Britt, Ali, Jawad T., Gudbjartsson, Tomas, Hermansson, Michael, Low, Donald E., Adler, Douglas G., Botha, Abraham J., D’Journo, Xavier B., Eroglu, Atila, Ferri, Lorenzo E., Gubler, Christoph, Haveman, Jan Willem, Kaman, Lileswar, Kozarek, Richard A., Law, Simon, Loske, Gunnar, Lindenmann, Joerg, Park, Jung-Hoon, Richardson, J. David, Salminen, Paulina, Song, Ho-Yong, Søreide, Jon Arne, Spaander, Manon, Tarascio, Jeffrey N., Tsai, Jon A., Vanuytsel, Tim, Rosman, Camiel, Siersema, Peter D., van der Bogt, Ruben D., Birch, Madeleine, Dubose, Joseph J., Fox, Sam, Jaklitsch, Michael T., Kuppusamy, Madhan K., Persson, Saga, Rice, Robert D., Smolle, Josef, Smolle-Juettner, Freyja M., Sudarshan, Monisha, Sutcliffe, Robert P., Vidarsdottir, Halla, Viste, Asgaut, Molecular cell biology and Immunology, Pathology, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, and Gastroenterology & Hepatology
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Individual patient data meta-analysis ,Perforation (oil well) ,MEDLINE ,Cochrane Library ,THERAPY ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 14] ,0302 clinical medicine ,RUPTURE ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Mediastinal Diseases ,MANAGEMENT ,Medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Esophageal Perforation ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Esophageal rupture ,Time of diagnosis ,PNEUMATIC DILATION ,Patient data ,Hepatology ,Length of Stay ,EFFICACY ,IPD ,Early Diagnosis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Meta-analysis ,SAFETY ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Surgery ,business ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Abdominal surgery - Abstract
Background Time of diagnosis (TOD) of benign esophageal perforation is regarded as an important risk factor for clinical outcome, although convincing evidence is lacking. The aim of this study is to assess whether time between onset of perforation and diagnosis is associated with clinical outcome in patients with iatrogenic esophageal perforation (IEP) and Boerhaave’s syndrome (BS). Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane library through June 2018 to identify studies. Authors were invited to share individual patient data and a meta-analysis was performed (PROSPERO: CRD42018093473). Patients were subdivided in early (≤ 24 h) and late (> 24 h) TOD and compared with mixed effects multivariable analysis while adjusting age, gender, location of perforation, initial treatment and center. Primary outcome was overall mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay, re-interventions and ICU admission. Results Our meta-analysis included IPD of 25 studies including 576 patients with IEP and 384 with BS. In IEP, early TOD was not associated with overall mortality (8% vs. 13%, OR 2.1, 95% CI 0.8–5.1), but was associated with a 23% decrease in ICU admissions (46% vs. 69%, OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.2–7.2), a 22% decrease in re-interventions (23% vs. 45%, OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2–6.7) and a 36% decrease in length of hospital stay (14 vs. 22 days, p p = 0.001), compared with late TOD. Conclusions This individual patient data meta-analysis confirms the general opinion that an early (≤ 24 h) compared to a late diagnosis (> 24 h) in benign esophageal perforations, particularly in IEP, is associated with improved clinical outcome.
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- 2020
14. Chin and Jawline
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Anna Marie C Olsen, Izolda Heydenrych, Mohammad Ali Jawad, Ash Mosahebi, Tim Papadopoulos, and Tatjana Pavicic
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Orthodontics ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business.industry ,medicine ,business ,Chin - Published
- 2020
15. Regulating activation pathway of Cu/persulfate through the incorporation of unreducible metal oxides: Pivotal role of surface oxygen vacancies
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Tingting Zhang, Songlin Wang, Xinquan Zhou, Ali Jawad, Zhuqi Chen, Jia Wang, Zhulei Chen, Huabin Wang, Mengyi Luo, and Chunguang Luo
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Singlet oxygen ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Radical ,Inorganic chemistry ,Oxide ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Persulfate ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,Reaction rate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Reaction rate constant ,chemistry ,medicine ,Ferric ,0210 nano-technology ,General Environmental Science ,medicine.drug - Abstract
In this paper, we surprisingly found that the incorporation of unreducible metal oxides MxOy (M = Mg, Zn, Ca, Ba, Al) onto CuO hybrid magnetic nano ferric oxide (Cu@Fe3O4) may alter the reaction pathway in persulfate activation, and increase the reaction rate constant. The activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by Cu@Fe3O4 led to a classic sulfate radical based oxidation process (SR-AOP) with an acetaminophen (ACE) degradation rate constant of 0.004 min−1, while 1O2-dominated nonradical oxidation process was disclosed in CuM@Fe3O4 with wildly fluctuated reaction rate constants from 0.003 to 0.242 min−1. Mechanism studies indicated that singlet oxygen (1O2) derived from the direct oxidation of superoxide anions radicals (O2 −) or the recombination of O2 − was the main reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CuM@Fe3O4/PMS system. A series of characterization experiments (pHpzc tests, XPS, H2-TPR, et al.) and DFT calculation disclosed that the addition of an unreducible metal M yielded many positive effects: (1) the formation of surface oxygen vacancies (OV) raised the zero point charge (pHpzc) of CuM@Fe3O4, thus enhanced the adsorption and activation of PMS; (2) promoting the generation of a new Cu species (Cu3+) on the surface of CuM@Fe3O4, which then participated in the generation of 1O2. The different reducibility of Cu3+ led to differences in the catalytic properties of CuM@Fe3O4. In addition, the effects of various water matrix species and the results of reusability experiment, mineralization experiment, and ecotoxicity test exhibited that CuM@Fe3O4/PMS system possessed excellent practical application value.
- Published
- 2021
16. Degradation of Phenol Using Peroxymonosulfate Activated by a High Efficiency and Stable CoMgAl-LDH Catalyst
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Zhuqi Chen, Zhuwei Liao, Jingyi Zhu, Zhulei Chen, Jiajing Muzi, and Ali Jawad
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02 engineering and technology ,Activation energy ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Chloride ,lcsh:Technology ,Article ,Hydrothermal circulation ,Phenol degradation ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Phenol ,General Materials Science ,lcsh:Microscopy ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,lcsh:QC120-168.85 ,Hydrotalcite ,lcsh:QH201-278.5 ,lcsh:T ,advanced oxidation processes ,layered double hydrotalcite ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,chemistry ,hydrothermal method ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,reusability ,lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,Leaching (metallurgy) ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,medicine.drug ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In this study, we report on an active and stable CoMgAl layered double hydrotalcite (LDH) catalyst for phenol degradation by heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The CoMgAl-LDH catalyst was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The PMS/CoMgAl-LDH system overcomes the drawbacks of traditional Fenton processes. Various effects, e.g., scavengers, chloride ion, catalyst dosage, PMS concentration, temperature, and pH, were also inspected to evaluate the system. The results indicated that the PMS/CoMgAl-LDH system had extremely high efficiency for phenol degradation, 0.1 mM phenol could be completely degraded by 0.3 g/L catalyst and 3 mM PMS within 60 min at 30 °, C. The CoMgAl-LDH catalyst appeared to possess outstanding reusability and stability. After four rounds of recycling, nearly 100% of the phenol was removed within 80 min by the PMS/CoMgAl-LDH system, with only 0.05 mg/L Co2+ leaching. A sulfate radical was the main oxidation species in the PMS/Co-LDH system. The degradation rate of phenol was influenced by temperature, and the activation energy was 65.19 kJ/mol. These advantages proved the PMS/CoMgAl-LDH system is an effective strategy for the treatment of organic contaminants.
- Published
- 2019
17. Incomplete Spermatogenesis, Leukocytosis and Thrombocytosis Appeared with Energy Drink Consumption in Mice at Differences Consuming Periods and Concentrations
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Samal Hakeem Kareem Al-Jaff, Ali Jawad Al-Sudani, and Jamela Jouda
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Consumption (economics) ,General Veterinary ,Thrombocytosis ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Physiology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Leukocytosis ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.disease ,Spermatogenesis - Published
- 2019
18. Combined Non-Ablative Laser and Microfat Grafting for Burn Scar Treatment
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Mohammad Ali Jawad, Galip Agaoglu, and O. Onur Erol
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ,Fractional laser ,030230 surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,Hypertrophic scar ,Cicatrix ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Keloid ,medicine ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Humans ,Non ablative ,Child ,Burn scar ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Hyperpigmentation ,Surgery ,Transplantation ,Treatment Outcome ,Adipose Tissue ,Patient Satisfaction ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Laser Therapy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Burns - Abstract
Background Burn scar treatment persists as an unsolved problem, involving thousands of affected patients disfigured for life. Objectives We sought to present our experience with the use of combined treatments for patients with burn scars. Methods This was a case series report of the senior author’s experience during 8 years utilizing the combined treatments of Fraxel Restore (fractional laser) and microfat graft injection for 288 patients with burn scars. Results Laser treatment reduced scar intensity and attenuated skin irregularities and hyperpigmentation. All patients demonstrated marked improvement of skin texture and an increase in scar softness after 3 sessions of microfat grafting. However, the degree of improvement varied between patients and was related to the severity of the scar and the type of tissue. Overall, a 40% to 80% improvement was noted in our patients. All patients and their families expressed satisfaction with the results. Conclusions The combined treatment of Fraxel and microfat grafting is an effective technique for improving the appearance of a hypertrophic scar or keloid on burn patients. Fat tissue stem cells may have helped to repair the damaged skin. Level of Evidence: 4
- Published
- 2018
19. Photodynamic Therapy and Periodontology
- Author
-
Ali Jawad Mohammed Ali and Saif S. Saliem
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,fungi ,Observation period ,food and beverages ,Dentistry ,Treatment options ,RK1-715 ,Photodynamic therapy ,030206 dentistry ,Periodontology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Scaling and root planing ,medicine ,business - Abstract
review highlights the importance of photodynamic therapy in periodontolog y. It can be confirmed that the photodynamic therapy as adjunct to classical scaling and root planing can be recommended as treatment option, which can by no means replace the classical therapy concepts. But even over an observation period of six months a slightly higher improvement of the clinical parameters was achieved than with SRP alone. (J Bagh Coll Dentistry 2016
- Published
- 2016
20. Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Author
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Ali Jawad
- Subjects
Nephrology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Consultant physician ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,General surgery ,education ,medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Teaching hospital - Abstract
After qualifying, Jacob Plange-Rhule came to the UK to study renal physiology in Manchester. Soon after he obtained his PhD, he returned to Ghana to train in internal medicine. He became consultant physician in the Department of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), where he started hypertension and renal clinics. Later on, he became head of nephrology services at KATH …
- Published
- 2020
21. Psychosocial Aspects of Thalassemia and Patient's Quality of Life: A Narrative Review
- Author
-
Ali Jawad Alsaad
- Subjects
Biopsychosocial model ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Thalassemia ,Psychological intervention ,medicine.disease ,Mental illness ,Mental health ,Quality of life ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,medicine ,Anxiety ,medicine.symptom ,Psychiatry ,business ,Psychosocial - Abstract
Background and Aim: Mental health and quality of life are commonly affected in patients with thalassemia and their caregivers. This review aims to synthesize the available evidence and to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with thalassemia and their caregivers. This review also examines the bidirectional relationship between thalassemia and depression and anxiety and its impact on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. Methods: Five electronic databases were searched [PsychInfo, PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and EMBASE] and also other sources. This search combined different terms of mental health and quality of life of patients with thalassemia and caregivers. The search went up until January 2019 Results: Forty articles are included in this review. The studies showed a high prevalence of mental illnesses, particularly depression and anxiety, among patients with thalassemia and their caregivers. Many factors have been found that impacts the quality of life of patients with thalassemia and their caregivers, including thalassemia, its related-complications, medical treatment and, psychological distress, and comorbid mental illness. Although all the studies that looked at comorbid mental illness and thalassemia recommended adding a psychological treatment, only three studies did investigate this and had shown some benefits. Conclusion: Thalassemia should be addressed as an illness with biopsychosocial components and should be treated as such. More studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of different psychological interventions for patients with thalassemia and their caregivers. Also, two new psychotherapies are mentioned and discussed as they address the psychological needs of patients and their caregivers.
- Published
- 2020
22. Optimization of Immobilization Conditions for Protease Extracted from Torpedo Scad (Megalaspis cordyla) Viscera Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
- Author
-
Normah Ismail and Ali Jawad
- Subjects
Megalaspis cordyla ,Protease ,Chromatography ,biology ,Chemistry ,law ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Response surface methodology ,biology.organism_classification ,Scad ,Torpedo ,law.invention - Abstract
Protease was extracted from the viscera of torpedo scad fish (Megalspis cordyla) to obtain the crude extract which was then partially purified in 70% ammonium sulphate. The collected precipitate was dialysed and subsequently immobilized in sodium alginate and calcium chloride solution. The optimum concentrations of sodium alginate and calcium chloride to produce the highest yield of immobilized protease was determined by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). From the results, the optimum conditions obtained were 2.5% of sodium alginate and 0.25 M of calcium chloride achieving a yield of 55.52%. Thus, the utilization of 2.5% sodium alginate and 0.25 M calcium chloride as the immobilization media were able to produce yield of immobilized protease from torpedo scad viscera with the highest proteolytic activity.
- Published
- 2019
23. Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity of Stem and Leaves of Entada Spiralis and Their Antibacterial Properties Against Erwinia Chrysanthemi
- Author
-
Aiza Harun and Ali Jawad
- Subjects
Antioxidant ,Traditional medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Erwinia chrysanthemi ,medicine ,Entada spiralis ,Biology - Abstract
The present study was designed to compare the antibacterial effect between stem and leaves of Entada spiralis against soft rot bacteria Erwinia chrysanthemi and its antioxidant properties which could benefit to indigenous people. E. spiralis which locally knows as ‘sintok’ is a liana and it grows wildly in Malaysia. Indigenous people are utilizing this plant as natural washing agent and shampoo as well as ethnomedicine to cure diseases since they have little access to modern medicines. E. chrysanthemi is bacteria which commonly cause soft-rot disease of vegetables. The antibacterial activity of stem and leaves of E. spiralis against E. chrysanthemi were evaluated from disc diffusion method. The DPPH radical scavenging method and dot blot assay were utilized to see the potential of stem and leaves of E. spiralis as an antioxidant agent. The results indicated that the leaves part was more antioxidative than stem of E. spiralis with IC50 of 10.5 μg/mL. Ethyl acetate extract from stem part at concentration of 200 mg/mL was found to be the most active extract against E. chrysanthemi with the highest inhibition zone of 16.3mm. The investigation is hoped to provide basic information for the development of potent natural pesticides and natural remedy which is safer and eco-friendly.
- Published
- 2019
24. 054 A case of azathioprine-induced fever
- Author
-
Catherine McCullagh, Oseme T Etomi, Ali Jawad, and Stephen Kelly
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Rheumatology ,business.industry ,medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Azathioprine ,business ,Dermatology ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2018
25. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Cholinesterase Enzymes Inhibitory Activities of New Pyridine Alkaloid Derivative
- Author
-
C. Guedes, Fumio Kawamura, Yousif Algamal, Fiona How Ni Foong, Da Silva, Vikneswaran Murugaiyah, Kit-Lam Chan, Raza Murad Ghalib, Rokiah Hashim, Ali Jawad, M. Fátima, Othman Sulaiman, and Sayed Hasan Mehdi
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Physostigmine ,biology ,Chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Alkaloid ,General Chemistry ,Acetylcholinesterase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Enzyme ,Biochemistry ,Ninhydrin ,biology.protein ,medicine ,IC50 ,Butyrylcholinesterase ,Cholinesterase ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A new pyridine alkaloid derivative named as 2-(6-benzyl-4-oxo-5-phenyl-1,4-dihydro pyridine-3-yl)-benzoic acid ethylester (3) has been prepared by the reaction of ninhydrin with 1,3-diphenylacetonep-tosylhydrazone and the structure has been established with the help of spectral analysis and X-ray analysis. The title compound demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; IC50 = 4.91 µM) comparable to physostigmine (IC50 = 4.72 x 10-1 µM). However it showed moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC50 = 82.00 µM)). It was BChE selective over AChE, in contrast to physostigmine, which was more AChE selective. Being a potent and selective BChE inhibitor, it may serve as a new class of drug for prevention of the progression of neurodegeneration as well for symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer patient.
- Published
- 2015
26. Turmeric use is associated with reduced goitrogenesis: Thyroid disorder prevalence in Pakistan (THYPAK) study
- Author
-
Javed Akram, Ali Jawa, Muhammad Zaman Khan Assir, Syed Hunain Riaz, Abdul Wahid Chaudhary, Muhammad Zakria, and Ali Jawad
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system ,Goiter ,endocrine system diseases ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Population ,Physiology ,goitrogens ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Euthyroid ,Pakistan ,Goitrogen ,lcsh:RC799-869 ,education ,iodine deficiency ,education.field_of_study ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,business.industry ,Thyroid ,turmeric ,medicine.disease ,Iodine deficiency ,Thyroid disorder ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Population study ,lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,Original Article ,business - Abstract
Introduction: South Asian population has a particularly high prevalence of thyroid disorders mainly due to iodine deficiency and goitrogen use. There is no data available for prevalence of thyroid disorders in the general population living in nonmountainous regions of Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A total of 2335 residents of Pak Pattan, Punjab, Pakistan were interviewed about demographic, dietary, medical and environmental history as well as screened for goiter. Individuals of all ages and either gender were included. Results: Median age was 34 (10-88) years and 1164 (49.9%) were males. Median monthly income was 49 (3.9-137) USD. Six hundred and sixty-nine (28.7%) subjects had palpable goiter. 77.5% (n = 462) and 22.5% (n = 133) had World Health Organization Grade I and Grade II goiters respectively, further screened by measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). In subjects with TSH
- Published
- 2015
27. T- Lymphocyte Subset (CD4 /CD8) Ratios of Breast Cancer Patients in Basra-Iraq and Baku-Azerbaijan
- Author
-
A Y Qaziyev, Noori Nasr Ghalib, K H Al-Ali Jawad, and G M Nasrullayeva
- Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Azerbaijan ,Epidemiology ,Population ,CD4-CD8 Ratio ,Breast Neoplasms ,CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,T-Lymphocyte Subsets ,Internal medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,Medicine ,Stage (cooking) ,education ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Cancer ,Flow Cytometry ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Peripheral blood ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Iraq ,Female ,Histopathology ,business ,CD8 - Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among the population as a whole and among females, yet it is highly curable if diagnosed at an early stage. Different methods are used to diagnose breast cancer. One of these methods features immunological tests using flow cytometry to determine T-lymphocyte (CD4/CD8) ratios in peripheral blood. One hundred patients with breast cancer (50 from Basra, Iraq, and 50 from Baku, Azerbaijan) confirmed to have breast cancer by histopathology were studied. Blood samples were collected from all patients before initiation of treatment and were used for analysis. The mean age of women from Basra was 51.2 ± 10.7 years and that of women from Baku was slightly higher at 54.8 ± 12.2 . The mean CD4/CD8 ratio in Basra was 1.4 and in Baku was 1.8 with P value < 0.05. The percentage of Basra patients who have CD4/CD8 value less than 1 was 50%, while the percentage for Baku patients was 24 % (p < 0.05). While the CD4/CD8 T-lymphocyte ratio might be useful for early diagnosis in patients with breast cancer parallel with other confirmed tests factors involved in explaining variation between countries such as that observed here need to be taken into account.
- Published
- 2016
28. Evaluation of Lipids in Serum and Follicular Fluid on Oocyte and Human Embryo Quality after ICSI
- Author
-
Mufedah Ali Jawad, Mohammad O. Selman, Qays A. M. Al-Khafaji, Muayad S. Abood, and Mustafa H.O. Hussein
- Subjects
Andrology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,Embryo ,Biology ,Oocyte ,Follicular fluid - Published
- 2017
29. Factors leading to obesity among female adolescents in Karachi, Pakistan
- Author
-
Midwifery, Karachi, Pakistan., Nasreen Lalani, and Fatima Ali Jawad
- Subjects
business.industry ,Environmental health ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Obesity - Published
- 2012
30. Intra-Peritoneal normal saline installation minimize post laparoscopic cholecystectomy shoulder pain in patient admitted to diwaniya teaching hospital
- Author
-
Ali Jawad Hamza Al-Shammari, Akeel M. Al-Faham, and Qusai A Alobaidi
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Intra peritoneal ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,medicine ,In patient ,business ,Saline ,Laparoscopic cholecystectomy ,Teaching hospital ,Surgery - Published
- 2018
31. Gestational diabetes mellitus is rare in primigravida Pakistani women
- Author
-
Farhan Raza, Ali Jawa, Khola Qamar, Ali Jawad, and Javed Akram
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Gestational diabetes mellitus ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,lcsh:RC799-869 ,Prospective cohort study ,Disease burden ,Glycemic ,Pregnancy ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,Obstetrics ,business.industry ,Metabolic disorder ,The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study ,International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups ,medicine.disease ,Gestational diabetes ,Blood pressure ,Original Article ,lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,hyperglycemia ,business - Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Similar to other members of the Asian race, Pakistani women are also considered to be at a high risk for developing gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods: In order to better understand whether this heightened risk attributed to race really exists, we conducted a prospective study to assess the glycemic status of primigravida women presenting to our hospital. Results: The mean age of 135 subjects enrolled was 22 (16-31), with 21 (16%), 60 (44%), and 54 (40%) subjects in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. The mean fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour plasma glucose levels were 69.9 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L), 129 mg/dL (7.2 mmol/L), and 103.6 mg/dL (5.76 mmol/L), respectively. Of 135 women, 6 had a blood pressure reading ≥140/90 mm Hg and only one met the criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus. In our study, despite using the newly proposed International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study (IADPS) cut-offs for diagnosis of gestational diabetes, the incidence rate of gestational diabetes mellitus in primigravida was still
- Published
- 2011
32. Enzyme Inhibitors Involved in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
- Author
-
Vikneswaran Murugaiyah, Raza Murad Ghalib, Mohamed A. Embaby, Othman Sulaiman, Rokiah Hashim, Vageesh Revadigar, Sayed Hasan Mehdi, and Ali Jawad
- Subjects
biology ,Amyloid beta ,Chemistry ,Neurodegeneration ,Tau protein ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry of Alzheimer's disease ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Amyloid precursor protein ,Dementia ,Senile plaques ,Alzheimer's disease ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD), a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease is the leading cause of dementia among older people. Several hypotheses exist on the pathogenesis of AD. According to the cholinergic hypothesis, there is an irreversible deficiency in cholinergic functions of brain resulting in substantial reduction of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine. In contrast, amyloid hypothesis suggests that amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits are fundamental cause of the neurodegeneration. There is also an involvement of another protein, tau protein, which twists into abnormal tangles and lead to the death of brain cells. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive review on the various enzymes involved in the pathogenic cascade of AD and their potential inhibitors. The chapter starts with a general overview on the enzymes, outlining their morphological and functional features and how they are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. The following section addresses the enzymes inhibitors at various stages of drug development, highlighting their mechanisms of action, advantages, limitations and potential clinical applications.
- Published
- 2014
33. Turmeric use is associated with reduced goitrogenesis: Thyroid disorder prevalence in Pakistan
- Author
-
Ali Jawad, Syed Hunain Riaz, Javed Akram, Muhammad Zaman Khan Assir, and Ali Jawa
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Alternative medicine ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Thyroid disorder ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,lcsh:RC799-869 ,business ,Letter to the Editor - Published
- 2016
34. Gitelman syndrome manifesting in early childhood and leading to delayed puberty: a case report
- Author
-
Farhan Raza, Ali Jawad, Mubashar Sultan, Khola Qamar, and Ali Jawa
- Subjects
Medicine(all) ,Delayed puberty ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,Case Report ,General Medicine ,Gitelman syndrome ,medicine.disease ,Short stature ,Hypocalciuria ,Hypokalemia ,Hypomagnesemia ,Polyuria ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Salt intake ,business - Abstract
Introduction Gitelman syndrome is an inherited autosomal recessive renal salt-wasting disorder. It presents with variable clinical symptoms including muscle weakness and fatigue, and the diagnosis is based on metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. It is usually diagnosed incidentally in early adulthood. There are rare cases of Gitelman syndrome presenting in early childhood; however, to the best of our knowledge it has not previously been associated with delayed puberty. Case presentation A 17-year-old South Asian man with recurrent episodes of generalized muscle weakness, fatigue and cramps from the age of two years was admitted for further workup. Before the age of 12 years, the episodes had been mild, but they then got progressively worse. Other symptoms include polyuria, polydipsia, nocturia, paresthesia and occasional watery diarrhea. He also had a history of short stature, poor weight gain and delayed developmental landmarks. His family history was unremarkable except for the consanguineous marriage of his parents. An examination revealed a thin and lean man with blood pressure of 95/60mmHg. His height and weight were below the third percentile and his sexual development was at Tanner Stage II. Laboratory work revealed serum sodium of 124mmol/L, potassium 2.4mmol/L, calcium 6.5mmol/L and magnesium of 1.2mg/dL. His testosterone level was low (0.85ng/mL, normal for his age 2.67 to 10.12ng/mL) with normal levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. The sex hormone findings were attributed to delayed puberty. A 24-hour urinary analysis revealed decreased excretion of calcium (25.9mg/24 hours). Based on the findings of hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis without hypertension, severe hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria, a diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome was made. Treatment was started with oral supplementation of potassium, magnesium and calcium along with spironolactone and liberal salt intake. Conclusion Diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome is usually made incidentally during adolescence or early adulthood based on clinical and biochemical findings. We report that Gitelman syndrome can present during the early childhood years. If undiagnosed and untreated, it can lead to growth retardation and delayed puberty.
- Published
- 2012
35. Diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy in well-controlled diabetics within 1 year of diagnosis
- Author
-
Javed Akram, Rizwan Bokhari, Ali Jawad, and Ali Jawa
- Subjects
Sympathetic nervous system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Dysautonomia ,Cardiac autonomic neuropathy ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Surgery ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,medicine.symptom ,lcsh:RC799-869 ,Letters to the Editor ,Autonomic neuropathy ,business ,Glycemic - Abstract
Sir, Diabetic Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (DCAN) is associated with high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.[1] Several methods have been devised to assess cardiac autonomic neuropathy such as measurement of resting heart rate (HR), HR variability, etc. Reduced HR variability has been associated with increased cardiac events in diabetic subjects.[2] Portable ANSiscope is a device that noninvasively measures the parasympathetic/sympathetic nervous system imbalance in an office setting. The ANSiscope computes a percentage of dysautonomia from a recording of 571 RR intervals termed ANS index. Based on scoring described by Bellavere et al.,[3] five risk categories have been identified using the computed ANS Index. Subjects with ANS index
- Published
- 2011
36. Pyrolysis-gas chromatography of separated zones on thin-layer chromatograms
- Author
-
Samuel J. Lyle and Ali Jawad Al-Sayegh
- Subjects
Chromatography ,Chemistry ,Sulfadimethoxine ,Sulfacetamide ,Sulfanilamide ,Sulfamethoxypyridazine ,Thin-layer chromatography ,Analytical Chemistry ,law.invention ,Fuel Technology ,law ,medicine ,Flame ionization detector ,Gas chromatography ,Sulfaguanidine ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Conditions are described by which a group of up to ten sulfonamide drugs, namely, (1) sulfanilamide, (2) sulfaguanidine, (3) sulfacetamide, (4) sulfathiazole, (5) sulfamethoxydiazene, (6) sulfamethoxypyridazine, (7) sulfamethazine, (8) sulfadimethoxine, (9) sulfapyridine, and (10) sulfadiazene, in admixture, may be separated by thin-layer chromatography. Each drug can be identified qualitatively and determined quantitatively by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. Each separated zone is cut from the plate and pyrolysed at 780°C in a stream of nitrogen gas in a continuous mode pyrolyser designed in this laboratory. The pyrolysis products are separated on Tenax TA in a glass column held at 210°C and the amount of drug related to the aniline peak height as determined by the flame ionization detector. Linear calibration curves for up to 6 μg of drug were obtained for drugs 1 to 8 and up to 4 μg for 9 and 10.
- Published
- 1989
37. Unobstructed infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a 7‐month‐old infant: A rare case report
- Author
-
Eman Shhada, Ali Alakbar Nahle, Hussein Hamdar, Ali Jawad, Hasan Hasan, Mohammad Shadi Hamra, Mohannad Saleh, Alwaleed Al‐dairy, and Huda Daood
- Subjects
congenital heart disease ,echocardiography—case report ,infracardiac ,total anomalous pulmonary venous connection ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Key Clinical Message This case underscores the importance of early detection and treatment for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, a rare congenital heart condition, through comprehensive newborn physical exams and prompt specialist referrals. Abstract Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare form of congenital heart disease that is typically diagnosed in neonates. TAPVC has four subtypes, with the infracardiac type at risk of obstruction. TAPVC is usually diagnosed in newborns but can occur in other age groups. In this case, a 7‐month‐old male with recurrent cyanotic episodes was diagnosed with TAPVC of the infracardiac type using computed tomography angiography. The patient underwent successful surgical repair with a favorable postoperative course and was discharged in stable condition, and further follow‐up was not possible beyond 2 months. This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition and management of this condition to prevent the progression of subsequent complications.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Dementia challenges in Africa: Journeying through forgetfulness
- Author
-
Burhan Kantawala, Najwa Zahra, Taha Oseili, Ali Jawad, Souhail Ouardouz, Abubakar Nazir, Magda Wojtara, and Olivier Uwishema
- Subjects
Alzheimer's disease ,dementia ,lewy body dementia ,aging ,Parkinson disease ,Medicine - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Patient Compliance in Systemic Hypertension and to Identify Causes of Non-Compliance
- Author
-
Muhammad Ali, Jawad Hameed, Muhammad Hamza Zia, Raja Adil Masood, Aamir Shahzad
- Subjects
patient compliance, hypertension, physician patient relationship ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective: To assess patient compliance in systemic hypertension and to identify the causes of non-compliance. Study Design: A descriptive observational study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Medicine Unit I and Unit II at Pakistan Railway Hospital, Rawalpindi, for 1 month from 5th of September, 2012 to 5th of October, 2012. Materials and Methods: Semi structured interviews of 32 patients with primary hypertension who were admitted in medical ward were done along with their blood pressure readings and their compliance was assessed. Morisky 8-item medication adherence questionnaire1 was used to assess the adherence to anti-hypertensive medication. Scores of less than 3 out of 8 were termed as compliant while scores of 3 or more were termed as non-compliant. Non-compliance was defined as missing at least two days of medications per week. This definition was arrived at from the general understanding that a minimum compliance of 80% is needed to achieve an adequate reduction in blood pressure in the treatment of hypertension.2 Results: Among 32 patients, 18 were male while 14 were female with mean age of 56 years. Twenty six out of thirty two (81.25%) patients did not comply with their antihypertensive medications. In majority of the patients (42.3%), misperception about disease and management due to inadequate education by health care providers was found to be the cause of non-compliance. Other causes were considering medication unnecessary (15.3%) or ineffective (11.5%), forgetting to take them regularly (11.5%), unaffordable drug prices (11.5%) and unpleasant side effects (7.7%). Conclusion: Patients compliance in hypertension was sub-optimal and misperceptions of the disease and its management seemed to play a major role for non-compliance. Physician-patient relationship, effective communication and better understanding of the disease can result in adequate control of hypertension and its complications.
- Published
- 2021
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