Search

BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory and multifactorial disease that affects the periodontal structures and can cause alterations in the hepatic tissue. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether a diet with food restriction can decrease oral and liver alterations associated with ligature-induced periodontitis. METHODS Twenty-four female Wistar rats were used in this study, randomized into three groups (n = 8 for each group): control (regular food); periodontitis (regular food + periodontitis induced with ligatures); and food restriction (diet with food restriction and periodontitis induction). The following periodontium parameters were analyzed tooth mobility (TM), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and alveolar bone height (ABH). In the liver, the levels of oxidative stress markers-malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total cholesterol, and levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured. Liver samples were analyzed for histopathological score. In the blood tissue, the levels of enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, total cholesterol, and the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were also evaluated. RESULTS The animals that received a diet with food restriction + periodontitis showed a decrease in hepatic histopathological score (P

Summary A variety of pneumonia cases of unknown cause emerged in China in December 2019. A new virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Within a few days, COVID-19 became a pandemic disease. This review aimed to investigate the possible implications of COVID-19 for human reproductive systems, as in previous studies ACE2 was highly expressed in some organs of these systems, such as the testicles. A total of 41 publications were found in the specialized databases and, after selection, 7 articles were used to build this study. Our results showed that the fever caused by COVID-19 has a negative effect on spermatogenesis, there is high expression of ACE2 in the testicles and in the uterine tubes and there is a higher level of transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), which is also responsible for the entry of the virus into the cell. Moreover, it was noted that there was viral genetic material in the semen and an increase in the serum concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH) in men and women, which could cause hypogonadism. Thus, we conclude that there is the possibility of infection and malfunction in the reproductive organs as well as the plausibility of sexual transmission of this disease. Further analysis must be carried out to prove the effects of COVID-19 on the human reproductive systems.

OBJECTIVES: Since there are difficulties in establishing effective treatments for COVID-19, a vital way to reduce mortality is an early intervention to prevent disease progression. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of patients with COVID-19 with acute hypoxic respiratory failure according to pulmonary impairment in the awake-prone position, outside of the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on COVID-19 patients under noninvasive respiratory support. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained for each patient before the treatment and after they were placed in the awake-prone position. To identify responders and non-responders after the first prone maneuver, receiver operating characteristic curves with sensitivity and specificity of the PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 indices were analyzed. The maneuver was considered positive if the patient did not require endotracheal intubation for ventilatory assistance. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients were included, and 64.6% were categorized as responders. The SpO2/FiO2 index was effective for predicting endotracheal intubation in COVID-19 patients regardless of lung parenchymal damage (area under the curve 0.84, cutoff point 165, sensitivity 85%, specificity 75%). Responders had better outcomes with lower hospital mortality (hazard ratio [HR]=0.107, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.012-0.93) and a shorter length of stay (median difference 6 days, HR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.13-0.66) after adjusting for age, body mass index, sex, and comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: The awake-prone position for COVID-19 patients outside the ICU can improve oxygenation and clinical outcomes regardless of the extent of pulmonary impairment. Furthermore, the SpO2/FiO2 index discriminates responders from non-responders to the prone maneuver predicting endotracheal intubation with a cutoff under or below 165.

Recently, there is strong evidence for the beneficial role of antioxidants in the treatment of periodontal diseases. A drug that is gaining more and more focus in new research is N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant that contributes to the increase in glutathione (GSH), used as a mucolytic agent, however, recent studies have shown its significant role in decreasing levels of reactive oxygen species and in the bone resorption process in experimental periodontitis, therefore, this review sought to elucidate whether N-acetylcysteine is effective in the treatment of periodontitis and also in the involved mechanisms already mentioned in the literature. The present study is a mini-review, in which a search was performed on Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science and databases for the collection of studies published in the last 10 years (2009-2020). The mini-review included studies that addressed a direct or indirect link between the effects of N-acetylcysteine on periodontitis, studies published in recent years, and in vitro and in vivo studies (animal and / or human models). Seven articles were selected from the following databases: PubMed (03) and Google Scholar (04) were subsequently analyzed. As for the language and the journal, all were published in international Journals and in English. It was concluded that N-acetylcysteine was effective in bone resorption in experimental periodontitis, but further studies are suggested in order to elucidate all the mechanisms involved in the observed results. Recientemente, existe una fuerte evidencia del papel beneficioso de los antioxidantes en el tratamiento de las enfermedades periodontales. Un fármaco que está ganando cada vez más atención en las nuevas investigaciones es la N-acetilcisteína, un antioxidante que contribuye al aumento de glutatión (GSH), utilizado como agente mucolítico; sin embargo, estudios recientes han demostrado su importante papel en la disminución de los niveles de reactivos especies de oxígeno y en el proceso de resorción ósea en periodontitis experimental, por lo que esta revisión buscó dilucidar si la N-acetilcisteína es efectiva en el tratamiento de la periodontitis y también en los mecanismos involucrados ya mencionados en la literatura El presente estudio es una mini-revisión, en la que se realizó una búsqueda en Google Scholar, PubMed y Web of Science y bases de datos para la colección de estudios publicados en los últimos 10 años (2009-2020). La mini revisión incluyó estudios que abordaron un vínculo directo o indirecto entre los efectos de la N-acetilcisteína en la periodontitis, estudios publicados en los últimos años y estudios in vitro e in vivo (modelos animales y / o humanos) posteriormente se analizaron. Se seleccionaron siete artículos de las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed (03) y Google Scholar (04). En cuanto al idioma y la revista, todos fueron publicados en periódicos internacionales y en inglés. Se concluyó que la N-acetilcisteína fue eficaz en la resorción ósea en la periodontitis experimental, pero se sugieren más estudios para dilucidar todos los mecanismos involucrados en los resultados observados. Recentemente, há fortes evidências do papel benéfico dos antioxidantes no tratamento de doenças periodontais. Uma droga que está ganhando cada vez mais foco em novas pesquisas é a N-acetilcisteína, um fármaco antioxidante que contribui para o aumento de glutationa (GSH), usada como agente mucolítico, no entanto, estudos recentes demonstraram seu papel significativo na diminuição dos níveis de espécies reativas de oxigênio e no processo de reabsorção óssea na periodontite experimental, portanto, esta revisão procurou elucidar se a N-acetilcisteína é eficaz no tratamento da periodontite e também nos mecanismos envolvidos já mencionados na literatura. O presente estudo trata-se de uma mini-revisão, em que uma busca foi realizada no Google Acadêmico, PubMed e Web of Science e bancos de dados para a coleta de estudos publicados nos últimos 10 anos (2009-2020). A mini-revisão incluiu estudos que abordaram uma ligação direta ou indireta entre os efeitos da N-acetilcisteína na periodontite, estudos publicados nos últimos anos e estudos in vitro e in vivo (modelos animais e / ou humanos). Sete artigos foram selecionados nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed (03) e Google Acadêmico (04) posteriormente foram analisados. Quanto ao idioma e ao periódico, todos foram publicados em jornais internacionais e em idioma inglês. Concluiu-se que a N-acetilcisteína foi eficaz na reabsorção óssea na periodontite experimental, mas sugerem-se novos estudos a fim de elucidar todos os mecanismos envolvidos nos resultados observados.

Objective The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of bromelain (derived from Ananas comosus) upon periodontitis in rats. Materials and methods Twenty-four rats were separated into groups: control, periodontitis, and bromelain treatment. Bromelain was administered daily by intraperitoneal injection for 20 days. Periodontitis was induced by ligature around the first molars. Oral parameters and blood biomarkers were measured. The histopathological evaluation of the hepatic tissue was performed. Bromelain treatment significantly reduced several oral inflammatory parameters, alveolar bone loss, and blood biomarkers compared to the rats on periodontitis. Results Treatment with bromelain improved the steatosis score. Bromelain used in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats was able to reduce the oral inflammatory parameters Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), tooth mobility (TM), probing pocket depth (PPD), malondialdehyde (MDA), alveolar bone height (ABH) and gingival myeloperoxidase (MPO) and blood parameters (cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase). Bromelain treatment reduced the impact of periodontitis, such as the reduction of hepatic steatosis and improvement in the dosages of MDA and GSH. Conclusion Bromelain acts as a potential adjunct in the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis and, consequently, reduces the impact of periodontitis, acting as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the treatment with alpha-terpineol (αTPN) complexed with beta-cyclodextrin (βCD) on oral, blood, and hepatic parameters in ligature-induced periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty female rats were distributed among the following groups: control (vehicle solution), periodontitis (ligature + vehicle solution), 5 mg/kg of αTPN-βCD (ligature), and 25 mg/kg of αTPN-βCD (ligature). Compounds were administered daily via intraperitoneal injection over a 20-day period. Periodontitis was induced with the bilateral insertion of ligatures around the first lower molars of each rat. Oral parameters, as well as blood biomarkers, were measured: histopathological assessment of the hepatic tissue was carried out using light and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS The treatment with αTPN-βCD significantly improved several oral parameters and blood biomarkers in comparison with rats with periodontitis. In addition, the treatment with αTPN-βCD significantly ameliorated the steatosis score and reduced the number of lipid droplets and the amount of foamy cytoplasm in the hepatocytes of rats with periodontitis. CONCLUSION The results obtained suggest that the treatment with αTPN-βCD improves several oral and blood parameters in rats with experimental periodontitis. In addition, hepatic alterations caused by periodontitis were ameliorated in the rats treated with αTPN-βCD.

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a cutaneous or subcutaneous mycoses. The trauma occurs when the fungus is installed and is more prevalent in individuals living in tropical and subtropical regions, with earliest descriptions dating back to 1920. The diagnosis of CBM is based on the incidence of cases in the endemic areas and is commonly reached through microbiological analyses to identify the etiologic agent in clinical samples. The process for the analysis of the collected samples allows one to visualise the muriform cells, which are brown, rounded structures having crossed chambers and that can be commonly called sclerotic bodies, characterising the positive diagnosis. The objective of this review was to verify the connection of the histopathological techniques to the diagnosis of CBM. La cromoblastomicosis (CBM) es una micosis cutánea o subcutánea. El trauma ocurre cuando el hongo se establece y es más prevalente en individuos que viven en regiones tropicales y subtropicales; las primeras descripciones datan de 1920. El diagnóstico de CBM se basa en la incidencia de casos en áreas endémicas y comúnmente se logra a través de medios microbiológicos. análisis para identificar el agente etiológico en muestras clínicas. El proceso de análisis de las muestras recolectadas permite visualizar las células muriformes, que son estructuras marrones, redondeadas, con cámaras cruzadas y que comúnmente pueden denominarse cuerpos escleróticos, caracterizando el diagnóstico positivo. El propósito de esta revisión fue verificar la conexión entre las técnicas histopatológicas y el diagnóstico de CBM. A cromoblastomicose (CBM) é uma micose cutânea ou subcutânea. O trauma ocorre quando o fungo se instala e é mais prevalente em indivíduos que vivem em regiões tropicais e subtropicais, com as primeiras descrições datando de 1920. O diagnóstico de CBM é baseado na incidência de casos em áreas endêmicas e é comumente alcançado por meio microbiológico análises para identificar o agente etiológico em amostras clínicas. O processo de análise das amostras coletadas permite visualizar as células muriformes, que são estruturas castanhas, arredondadas, com câmaras cruzadas e que podem ser comumente chamadas de corpos escleróticos, caracterizando o diagnóstico positivo. O objetivo desta revisão foi verificar a conexão das técnicas histopatológicas com o diagnóstico de CBM.

Objetivo: Abordar as manifestações causadas pelas alterações provenientes das diversas doenças mieloproliferativa na cavidade oral e as implicações na vida do paciente, de maneira a fornecer embasamento teórico que ajude no diagnóstico precoce e terapia dessas patologias. Materiais e Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão de literatura onde foi realizada uma busca nos bancos de dados relacionados às áreas da Saúde como: SCIELO, PUBMED e LILACS usando corte temporal de 2016 a 2020, com os descritores "hematologia" ou "doenças hematológicas"; "afecção" ou "manifestações orais" e "leucemia" ou "alterações hematologicas". Discussão: O presente trabalho está relacionado as alterações orais causadas pelas doenças mieloproliferativas, onde poucos são os relatos destas alterações na literatura, uma vez que não se tinha o conhecimento do acometimento da cavidade oral com as doenças, em busca de aprimorar o diagnostico diferencial este trabalho trás as principais alterações encontradas na literatura sobre as alterações bucais. Conclusão: Com isso é evidente a necessidade de acompanhamento multiprofissional dos pacientes acometidos por estas enfermidades e espera-se que esta pesquisa juntamente com pesquisas futuras, possa esclarecer as alterações provocadas pelas doenças mieloproliferativas, principalmente suas manifestações na cavidade oral, para um diagnostico diferencial e precoce. Dessa forma, concluímos que há uma relação direta das alterações clínicas na cavidade oral em indivíduos com doença mieloproliferativa.