240 results on 'LN cat08778a'
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2. Communicable diseases : a global perspective.
- Author
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Webber, Roger and Webber, Roger
- Subjects
Communicable Disease Control ,Communicable Diseases -- epidemiology ,Medicine - Published
- 2012
3. 13th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Sport and Quality of Life. Book of Abstracts. September 7-9, 2022.
- Author
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Cacek, Jan and Cacek, Jan
- Subjects
Sports & outdoor recreation ,sport ,social sciences ,healthy lifestyles ,nutrition ,medicine ,sport training - Abstract
Summary: The book of abstracts of the 13th Conference of Sport and Quality of Life 2022 gathers the abstracts of all the oral and poster presenters and keynote speakers. The conference is divided into sections - analysis of human movement; sport training; healthy lifestyle, active aging, nutrition and regeneration in sport; sport and social sciences; sports medicine; and the poster section.
4. A History of Population Health. Rise and Fall of Disease in Europe.
- Author
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Mackenbach, Johan P.
- Subjects
History of medicine ,Medicine - Abstract
Summary: In A history of Population Health Johan P. Mackenbach offers a comparative study of trends in 40 specific diseases in Europe and their explanation, focusing on the causes of the spectacular improvements in people's health since the early 18th century. ; Readership: Health care professionals with an interest in medical history, students and scientists in public health, economics, sociology, and related disciplines, and anyone interested in the history of health and disease.
5. A Practical Guide to Clinical Application of OCT in Ophthalmology.
- Author
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Michele Lanza
- Subjects
Medicine ,Ophthalmology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: I am very proud and excited to introduce to you this book, which provides many interesting indications on how to better understand and handle the world of opticalcoherence tomography (OCT). Reading the chapters, you will be aware that this device is extremely important not just in the clinical practice of retinal diseases, but is also very useful as a surgical tool. Moreover, application of OCT has crossed the borders of the retina and is currently being applied to corneal diseases and glaucoma. I amconfident you will find enough useful information to improve your practice using OCT and to provide a better quality of care for your patients.
6. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm - From Basic Research to Clinical Practice.
- Author
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Igor Koncar
- Subjects
Medicine ,Surgery ,Vascular Surgery ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: This book, intended for all physicians who are facing patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms, has been assembled by interested, invited authors and contains important topics from basic research to clinical practice. Experimental studies focus on biomechanical and biochemical factors. In clinical practice, the decision to treat, based on risk-benefit ratio, is very delicate in patients with concomitant malignant diseases. Periprocedural risk is determined by anatomy, while aneurysms causing neck pain are one of the most frequent challenges for both open and endovascular methods. Finally, careful planning is crucial. Postoperative complications are different from post-implantation syndrome, which is still an underestimated problem, toward detection and treatment of endoleaks and eventual conversion.
7. Adolescent Psychiatry. A Contemporary Perspective for Health Professionals.
- Author
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Merrick, Joav and Sher, Leo
- Subjects
Medicine ,Adolescence ,Public Health ,Medicine & Public Health ,Psychiatric disorders - Abstract
Summary: Psychiatric disorders in adolescents are an important social problem relevant to almost all healthcare professionals. The prevalence of mood, anxiety, substance use and other psychiatric disorders among adolescents is high. However, medical professionals are not sufficiently trained about adolescent psychiatric disorders. Primary care providers correctly identify less than a fourth of youth with a depressive or anxiety disorder and many clinicians underestimate the importance of the problem of adolescent psychiatric illnesses and suicidal behavior. Multiple clinical, neurobiological, cultural and legal aspects of psychiatric disorders in adolescents are discussed in this book.
8. Advanced Concepts in Endocarditis.
- Author
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Michael S. Firstenberg
- Subjects
Medicine ,Cardiac Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Endocarditis is a disease process that involves an infection of the heart, cardiac structures, or implantable cardiac support devices and can be a difficult clinical problem. As patients get older and have more comorbidities, their risks for infection increase. In addition, the growing problem of intravenous substance abuse has led to a considerable increase in these patients developing endocarditis. Advances in medical technology have facilitated diagnosis and management, particularly with greater emphasis on early surgical intervention. Nevertheless, success requires a team approach and individualization of care in the setting of very complex medical, surgical, and ethical problems. The goal of this book is to illustrate some of the evolving challenges and controversies in managing these very complex and often extremely sick patients.
9. Advances in Autism Research.
- Author
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Narzisi, Antonio and Narzisi, Antonio
- Subjects
Medicine ,Neurosciences ,autism spectrum disorder ,infants ,frontal EEG alpha asymmetry ,early detection ,autism spectrum disorders ,toddlers ,eye tracking ,joint attention ,longitudinal ,regression ,cytokines ,PAI-1 ,neuroinflammation ,gastrointestinal ,autism ,literature review ,comorbidity ,early intervention ,early intensive behavioral intervention ,behavioral intervention ,First Year Inventory ,early screening ,risk ,cross-cultural generalisability ,validity ,preschool teachers ,self-efficacy ,knowledge ,belief ,skills ,identify ,autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ,level 1 and level 2 screening tools ,systematic review ,COSMIN ,PRISMA ,screening ,infection ,prion ,meta-analysis ,motion analysis ,video signal processing ,neurodevelopmental disorders ,infant screening ,n/a ,developmental language disorder ,semantic features ,word learning ,central coherence ,biomarker ,p-cresol ,mouse social behavior ,dopamine ,ASD ,vision ,proprioception ,self-motion ,immersive virtual reality ,IVR ,HMD ,technology ,persuasive text writing ,perspective-taking ,adolescence ,intervention ,sign language ,imitation ,cognition ,language acquisition ,prevalence estimate ,predictors ,surveillance review ,Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ,early intensive intervention ,developmental trajectories ,moderators and mediators of intervention ,psychosis ,schizophrenia ,psychopathology ,AQ ,accuracy ,attention to detail ,self-awareness ,insight ,preconception risk factor ,Gilles de la Tourette ,obsession ,compulsion ,social behavior ,social impairment ,sensory profile ,sensory responsiveness ,feeding problems ,short sensory profile (SSP) ,sensory experience questionnaire (SEQ) ,coronavirus ,2019-nCoV ,neurodevelopment ,child and adolescent psychiatry ,mental health prevention ,Asperger syndrome ,adults ,cerebrospinal fluid ,antibodies ,blood-brain barrier ,GAD65 ,Early Start Denver Model ,high-risk infants ,motor development ,high-functioning autism ,language ,experience ,communication ,autonomic nervous system ,wearable technologies ,EEG ,theory of mind ,adults and adolescents ,human figure drawings ,Draw-a-Man ,drawings maturity ,social perception ,ERP ,reward response ,RewP ,sensitization ,social skills intervention ,PEERS® ,adulthood ,diagnosis ,autistic traits ,action observation ,action prediction ,context ,priors ,hypothalamus ,amygdala ,oxytocin ,social cognition ,social interaction ,affiliative behavior ,neuroimaging ,COVID-19 ,challenging behavior ,dental care ,oral health ,medical procedures ,ICT ,wearable sensors ,migration ,Europe ,health system ,autism in adulthood ,intellectual disability ,regressive autism ,epilepsy ,challenging behaviors ,empathy ,executive functions ,attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder ,disruptive behavior disorders ,alexithymia ,anxiety ,depression ,TAS-20 ,TSIA ,parents ,broader autism phenotype ,autistic-like features ,social-cognitive development ,stereotypical behaviors ,visual impairment ,language profiles ,grammatical comprehension ,cannabinoids ,cannabidiol ,cannabidivarin ,THC ,problem behaviors ,sleep ,hyperactivity ,side effects ,motor performance skills ,Gulf ,BOT-2 ,machine learning ,employment ,telehealth ,ABA ,RCT ,cortisol ,group activity ,stress ,art ,assessment ,sensorimotor integration ,postural balance ,false positive report probability (FPRP) ,Bayesian false-discovery probability (BFDP) ,Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) ,microbiome ,metabolomics ,study design ,biomarker discovery ,precise medicine ,bipolar disorder ,suicidal ideation ,suicidal attempts - Abstract
Summary: This book represents one of the most up-to-date collections of articles on clinical practice and research in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The scholars who contributed to this book are experts in their field, carrying out cutting edge research in prestigious institutes worldwide (e.g., Harvard Medical School, University of California, MIND Institute, King's College, Karolinska Institute, and many others). The book addressed many topics, including (1) The COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Epidemiology and prevalence; (3) Screening and early behavioral markers; (4) Diagnostic and phenotypic profile; (5) Treatment and intervention; (6) Etiopathogenesis (biomarkers, biology, and genetic, epigenetic, and risk factors); (7) Comorbidity; (8) Adulthood; and (9) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP). This book testifies to the complexity of performing research in the field of ASD. The published contributions underline areas of progress and ongoing challenges in which more certain data is expected in the coming years. It would be desirable that experts, clinicians, researchers, and trainees could have the opportunity to read this updated text describing the challenging heterogeneity of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
10. Advances in HIV and AIDS Control.
- Author
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Samuel Okware
- Subjects
Medicine ,Internal Medicine ,Infectious Diseases ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: The HIV epidemic has had a significant and profound impact on the world and health resources. Considerable progress has been made in understanding the risks and drivers of the epidemic. Antiretroviral drugs have relieved human suffering and prolonged life. However, access to quality management needs to scale up and be made universal. This book discusses critical issues related to the treatment of HIV infection and related co-infections and challenges in adherence and discordancy. New vaccine approaches discussed may provide the ultimate solution for eradication. Sharing knowledge from various experts in medical and basic sciences improves the quality of care for this persistent global threat. This book discusses emerging advances in HIV-AIDS management to support strategies for control and elimination.
11. Advances in Nanomaterials in Biomedicine.
- Author
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Ryabchikova, Elena I. and Ryabchikova, Elena I.
- Subjects
Medicine ,bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells ,rAAV vectors ,carbon dots ,SOX9 ,TGF-β ,cartilage repair ,silver nanoparticles ,Entada spiralis ,Ceiba pentandra ,antibacterial assay ,catalytic dye reduction ,osteoarthritis ,human articular cartilage ,polymeric micelles ,pro-inflammatory cytokines ,IL-1β ,TNF-α ,nanomaterials ,nanomedicine ,immunotherapy ,oncotherapy ,immune-checkpoint inhibitors ,immunogenic cell death ,nano-vaccines ,nano-conjugates ,immune response ,oxidative stress ,antioxidants ,nanoparticles ,biological nano-antioxidants ,gold nanoparticles ,radiation ,chemotherapy ,radiosensitizer ,drug delivery system ,chemoradiotherapy ,magnetoliposomes ,hydrogels ,magnetolipogels ,self-assembly ,fluorescence ,Förster resonance energy transfer ,polypropylenimine dendrimers ,polyethylenimines ,tyrosine-modified polypropylene-imines ,tyrosine-modified polyethlyenimines ,PPI-Y ,siRNA transfection ,polymeric nanoparticles ,carbosilane ,dendron ,triazine ,amphiphile ,vesicles ,pH-sensitive ,doxorubicin ,methotrexate ,leukaemia ,molecular ultrasound ,nanobubbles ,active targeting ,targeted microbubbles ,angiogenesis ,inflammation ,thrombosis ,clinical translation ,molecular imaging ,liver fibrosis ,diagnosis ,therapy ,theranostics ,targeted drug delivery ,lipid conjugates ,amphiphilic oligonucleotides ,phosphoryl guanidines ,nucleic acid delivery ,leukemia ,iron nanoparticles ,RNA-Seq ,cytotoxicity ,polymers ,biodegradable ,drug delivery ,pharmaceutical ,SQUID ,magnetic properties ,iron content ,magnetite nanoparticles ,superoxide ,aorta ,heart ,nano-biomaterials ,nanotechnology ,scaffolds ,hard tissue engineering ,AuNPs ,AuPEI-NPs ,AuBSA-NPs ,electron microscopy ,ultrastructure of HepG2 cells and spheroids ,ultrastructure of HEK293 cells and spheroids ,penetration of NPs into monolayer and spheroids ,gold nanostars ,photothermal therapy ,photoacoustic imaging ,computed tomography ,cancer ,theranostic agents ,biocompatible nanomaterials ,diagnostics ,nanocarriers ,tissue engineering - Abstract
Summary: Advances in Nanomaterials in Biomedicine" provided a platform for more than 110 researchers from different countries to present their latest investigations in various fields of nanotechnology, new methods and nanomaterials intended for medical applications. Modern achievements in the field of nanoparticle-based diagnostics, drug delivery and the use of various nanomaterials in the treatment of diseases are presented in 11 original articles. The published reviews provide a comprehensive analysis of the current information on the use of nanomedicine in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer and liver fibrosis, in the field of solid tissue engineering and in drug delivery systems.
12. Advances in Research on Down Syndrome.
- Author
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Subrata Dey
- Subjects
Medicine ,Medical Genetics ,Clinical Genetics ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: This book provides a concise yet comprehensive source of current information on Down syndrome. It focuses on exciting areas of research on chromosome editing, neurogenomics and diseases associated with Down syndrome. Research workers, scientists, medical graduates and physicians will find this book as an excellent source for consultation and references. Key features of this book are chromosome engineering in Down syndrome, mental retardation and cognitive disability, prenatal diagnosis and diseases associated with Down syndrome. Although aimed primarily for research workers on Down syndrome, we hope that the appeal of this book will extend beyond the narrow confines of academic interest and be exciting to wider audience, especially parents, relatives and health care providers who work with infants and children with Down syndrome.
13. Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Uveitis.
- Author
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C. Stephen Foster and Alejandro Rodriguez-Garcia
- Subjects
Medicine ,Ophthalmic Pathology ,Ophthalmology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Uveitis is the fifth cause of visual loss in the developed world, accounting for up to 20% of legal blindness. Visual loss due to uveitis currently has a significant impact on the productivity and quality of life of many patients worldwide. Therefore, advances in diagnostic techniques and therapeutic strategies are crucial for patients suffering from the disease. Improvements in our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms, development of more accurate diagnostic tests, and better treatment alternatives come from the continuous efforts of researchers from all over the world who are committed to improving the standard of care of patients suffering from these potentially blinding diseases.This book focuses on the most recent advances in diagnostic techniques for primary and systemic-associated autoimmune and infectious uveitis, as well as new therapeutic strategies that have significantly reduced the rate of ocular complications and improved the visual outcome of patients suffering from these devastating disorders.
14. Advances on Scoliogeny, Diagnosis and Management of Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders.
- Author
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Grivas, Theodoros B. and Grivas, Theodoros B.
- Subjects
Medicine ,idiopathic scoliosis ,health-related quality of life ,cultural adaptation ,Italian Spine Youth Quality of Life Questionnaire ,systematic review ,meta-analysis ,adolescent idiopathic scoliosis ,brace therapy ,brace concepts ,rigid brace ,night time brace ,ring apophysis ,maturation ,ossification ,fusion ,scoliosis ,nighttime orthotic treatment ,surgery ,quality of life ,paraspinal muscles ,cross-sectional area ,posterior approach ,computed tomography ,Italian spine youth quality of life questionnaire ,SRS-22 ,22q11.2 deletion syndrome ,human model ,neuromuscular scoliosis ,radiography ,MRI ,curve morphology ,intraspinal anomaly ,body height ,pulmonary function test ,Cobb angle ,iTRAQ ,α-actin ,progressive ,differentially expressed proteins ,bracing ,physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercise ,physical activity ,adherence ,spinal appearance ,shared decision-making ,personalised approach ,sclerostin ,osteocytes ,β-catenin ,Wnt signaling pathway ,scoliometer ,truncal asymmetry ,lateral spinal profile ,surface topography ,aetiology ,spinal deformities ,pathobiomechanics ,follow-up study ,Rett syndrome ,motor skills ,telerehabilitation ,physical therapy modalities ,home exercise program ,neurodynamic functions ,assessment ,pain ,treatment ,early onset scoliosis ,non-operative treatment ,body posture ,sports activity ,corrective exercises ,digital photography ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: This book contains research articles on the advances in the aetiology of idiopathic scoliosis (IS), the spinal growth related to the implementation of growth modulation for the surgical treatment of early-onset IS, the non-surgical treatment of IS using Physiotheraputic Scoliosis Specific Exercises, and braces. Additionally, it focuses on issues related to surgical treatment, issues related to body posture and the quality of life of this sensitive group of people. The high quality of published papers in this Special Issue of the JCM serve these objectives.
15. Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos.
- Author
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Ramirez, Amelie G., Trapido, Edward J., and Ramirez, Amelie G.
- Subjects
Social issues & processes ,Public health & preventive medicine ,Oncology ,Medicine ,Health promotion ,Social structure ,Social inequality ,Cancer research - Abstract
Summary: This open access book gives an overview of the sessions, panel discussions, and outcomes of the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference, held in February 2018 in San Antonio, Texas, USA, and hosted by the Mays Cancer Center and the Institute for Health Promotion Research at UT Health San Antonio. Latinos - the largest, youngest, and fastest-growing minority group in the United States - are expected to face a 142% rise in cancer cases in coming years. Although there has been substantial advancement in cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment over the past few decades, addressing Latino cancer health disparities has not nearly kept pace with progress. The diverse and dynamic group of speakers and panelists brought together at the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference provided in-depth insights as well as progress and actionable goals for Latino-focused basic science research, clinical best practices, community interventions, and what can be done by way of prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in Latinos. These insights have been translated into the chapters included in this compendium; the chapters summarize the presentations and include current knowledge in the specific topic areas, identified gaps, and top priority areas for future cancer research in Latinos. Topics included among the chapters: Colorectal cancer disparities in Latinos: Genes vs. Environment Breast cancer risk and mortality in women of Latin American origin Differential cancer risk in Latinos: The role of diet Overcoming barriers for Latinos on cancer clinical trials Es tiempo: Engaging Latinas in cervical cancer research Emerging policies in U.S. health care Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos proves to be an indispensable resource offering key insights into actionable targets for basic science research, suggestions for clinical best practices and community interventions, and novel strategies and advocacy opportunities to reduce health disparities in Latino communities. It will find an engaged audience among researchers, academics, physicians and other healthcare professionals, patient advocates, students, and others with an interest in the broad field of Latino cancer.
16. Agricultural Products Processing and Postharvest Storage.
- Author
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Wu, Bengang and Wu, Bengang
- Subjects
Medicine ,fresh-cut ,electric peeling ,gas composition ,tray ,micro-perforated film ,rice ,starch structure ,physicochemical quality ,storage ,Acmella oleracea ,foam mat ,drying kinetics ,bending force ,bionic finger ,damage ,elasticity coefficient ,force loading ,low-loss picking ,microstructure ,pressure ,tea buds ,tension ,walnut ,physical properties ,crack ,broken shell experiment ,multi-point extrusion ,central composite design (CCD) ,parameter optimization ,jujube polysaccharide ,drying methods ,physicochemical property ,structural characteristic ,antioxidant activity ,potato ,pretreatment ,drying ,three-dimensional appearance ,quality ,polyphenols ,Sicily ,chemometrics ,Grillo ,wine ,grape ,potato flour ,gelatinization ,viscosity ,X-ray diffraction ,volatile aroma components ,gas-containing conditioning technology ,mild sterilization ,scheduled process ,preservation - Abstract
Summary: Agricultural products such as fruit, vegetables, and cereal are believed to be some of the most crucial sources of certain phytonutrients necessary for humans, such as vitamins, dietary fibers, and minerals. However, agricultural products are prone to quality deterioration during storage under ambient temperatures. Currently, the annual post-harvest loss rate of agricultural products can reach up to 20-30%. Owing to their perishable nature, the development of processing and preservation technologies for agricultural products is an important research topic closely associated with the national economy and people's livelihoods that has attracted ever-increasing attention. In view of the prominent issues of high energy consumption, high costs, serious pollution, and low-quality properties in agricultural product manufacturing, our journal mainly focuses on research articles on novel techniques and the underlying mechanisms of the processing, preservation, and quality control of agricultural products, so as to promote the upgrading and updating of the agricultural product industry.
17. An Update of Dental Implantology and Biomaterial.
- Author
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Mazen Ahmad Almasri
- Subjects
Medicine ,Oral Implantology ,Dentistry ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: The aim of An Update in Dental Implantology and Biomaterial is to continue the challenge of reconstruction and implantology into another volume with unique updates. As a surgeon who is usually asked to accomplish the reconstructive skeleton of the rehabilitation plan, questions like ""Doc, I am in a hurry, how fast can you finish the treatment?"" are becoming very common in practice these days. This phenomenon goes hand in hand with people's current lifestyles. Another challenge is the inapplicable prosthetic plan due to the difficulty at the patient side or the surgical intervention side. The advancement in reconstruction is appreciated, but apparently it has not reached the limit of placing the factors of cost, time, and invasiveness into one location. I believe that cases should be treated and rehabilitated as soon as possible, with reasonable cost and feasible technicality, so that clients can focus on their daily lives. With this book I am honored to present a homogeneous gathering of literature on implantology, elaborated with up-to-date techniques of grafting, the improvement of anterior aesthetics, and answers to questions concerning postoperative implant complications and microbiota care.
18. Animal Models for Study of Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Hypertension and Its Complications.
- Author
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Zicha, Josef, Vaněčková, Ivana, and Zicha, Josef
- Subjects
Medicine ,Cardiovascular medicine ,developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) ,gut microbiota ,hypertension ,short chain fatty acid ,oxidative stress ,probiotics ,prebiotics ,renin-angiotensin system ,fibroblast growth factor-23 ,left ventricular hypertrophy ,renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ,losartan ,canrenone ,Hyp mice ,X-linked hypophosphatemia ,hairless SHRM ,cold acclimation ,cardiac Cx43 ,extracellular matrix ,thyroid hormones ,SHR ,sacubitril/valsartan ,ARNI ,ivabradine ,remodelling ,cardiac dysfunction ,fibrosis ,angiotensin II ,angiotensin 1-7 ,knock-out ,genome-editing ,SHRSP ,Dahl SS ,foetal programming of hypertension ,sympathetic neurotransmission ,sympathetic innervation ,vascular remodelling ,foetal undernutrition ,old SHR ,antihypertensive therapy ,blood pressure monitoring ,LV hypertrophy ,ECM markers ,cardiac fibrosis ,SHR-CRP ,SGLT-2 inhibitor ,gene expression ,age ,lipid metabolism ,nitric oxide ,l-NAME ,rostral ventrolateral medulla ,aging ,reactive oxygen species ,NADPH oxidase activator 1 ,mitochondria ,chloride ,calcium-activated chloride channel ,Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter 1 ,TMEM16A ,smooth muscle ,fetal undernutrition programming ,cross-fostering ,lactation period ,cardiovascular hypertrophy ,adipose tissue browning ,cardiovascular disease ,catecholamines ,liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ,SGLT-2 inhibition ,proteinuria ,uninephrectomized salt-loaded ,two-kidney ,one-clip hypertension ,fawn-hooded hypertensive rat ,ApoE KO ,apolipoprotein E knockout mice ,atherosclerosis ,Na,K-ATPase ,TCTP ,TCTP-overexpressing transgenic mice ,translationally controlled tumor protein ,TCTP-TG ,experimental hypertension ,bone ,rats ,taurine ,magnesium ,24 h urine(24U) ,stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat ,young SHR ,combination therapy ,treatment effect ,systolic blood pressure - Abstract
Summary: Essential hypertension is still an important health care problem. It is necessary to investigate its mechanisms in animal models. The potential clinical importance of such experimental research might be expected. This Special Issue concerned several important topics. First, several studies focused on the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for blood pressure elevation during hypertension development, organ damage in chronic hypertension, and drugs targeting hypertension and/or its complications. Other studies were interested in the participation of central and peripheral blood pressure control, changes in vascular structure and function, and neural, humoral, and endocrine factors. Furthermore, the contribution of altered redox signaling, chronic inflammation, microbiome changes, and interactions of genetic and environmental factors were evaluated in multiple papers. Finally, special attention was paid to the progress in pharmacological tools for the control of hypertension and associated organ damage, genetic modifications to alter blood pressure levels, and non-pharmacological interventions attenuating hypertension or its complications. The original articles or reviews covered the interesting aspects of the pathophysiology of hypertension and associated end-organ damage, the use of various experimental hypertensive models, and the importance of specific environmental factors acting in distinct phases of the ontogeny. We especially appreciate the presentation of new ideas and the critical discussion of traditional theories.
19. Antimicrobial Prescribing and Stewardship, 1st Volume.
- Author
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Ashiru-Oredope, Diane and Ashiru-Oredope, Diane
- Subjects
Medicine ,antimicrobial stewardship ,pharmacy ,sepsis ,wound management ,culture and sensitivity testing ,resistance patterns ,low-and middle-income countries ,Uganda ,antibiotic ,antimicrobial resistance ,veterinary ,animal health ,Africa ,bone infection ,joint infection ,osteomyelitis ,pediatric infectious disease ,septic arthritis ,antibiotics ,microbial resistance ,upper respiratory tract infections ,fosfomycin ,urinary infection ,resistance ,CwPAMS App ,smartphone apps ,antimicrobial prescribing ,low- and middle-income countries ,barriers and enablers ,training ,antibiotics use ,behavior change ,Helicobacter pylori ,therapy ,metronidazole ,clarithromycin ,fluoroquinolones ,amoxicillin ,proton pump inhibitors ,ethical trials ,obesity ,bloodstream infection ,antimicrobials ,prescription ,community health workers ,health practitioners ,infection prevention and control ,multidisciplinary ,one health ,UK ,antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ,antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) ,delayed/back-up prescribing ,developing countries ,LMICs ,Ghana ,knowledge ,attitudes ,medical students ,antimicrobial ,stewardship ,prescribing ,meningitis ,encephalitis ,FilmArray ,multiplex PCR ,rapid diagnostic technology ,children ,adolescents ,outcomes ,antibiotic stewardship program ,complementarity ,prospective audit and feedback ,antibiotic stewardship ,pharyngitis ,acute otitis media ,clinical pathways ,emergency departments ,antibiotic use ,prescribing appropriateness ,follow-up blood cultures ,Gram negative bacteremia ,critically ill patients ,antibiotic therapy ,general practice ,family practice ,health policy ,quality of health care ,public health ,pharmacist ,nurse ,COVID-19 ,antibiotic resistance ,wound care ,burn care ,Nepal ,AMS ,antimicrobial stewardship intervention ,PDSA cycle ,enterococcal ,bacteremia ,epidemiology ,risk factors ,mortality ,urinary tract infections (UTI) ,older adults ,qualitative ,leaflet ,Theoretical Domains Framework ,coronavirus ,SARS-CoV-2 ,anti-infective agents ,candidemia ,hematologic diseases ,complex intervention - Abstract
Summary: This Antimicrobial Prescribing and Stewardship Issue (volume 1) consist of manuscripts, including original research, review articles, case series, and opinion papers for topics related to antimicrobial (antibiotic, antifungal) stewardship, including: Disease-based/organism-based antimicrobial stewardship;Diagnostic stewardship;Influence of antimicrobial utilisation changes in antimicrobial resistance;Impact of antimicrobial stewardship on quality performance measures and patient outcomes;Novel antimicrobial stewardship education and training approaches or interventions aimed at the public and/or healthcare workers;Behavioural change approaches to antimicrobial stewardship;Collaborative practice agreements in antimicrobial stewardship;Antimicrobial stewardship in special populations (e.g., paediatrics, geriatrics, emergency medicine, hematology/oncology);Tackling AMR through antimicrobial stewardship in low- and middle-income countries;Antimicrobial stewardship for animal health;Antimicrobial stewardship in alternative settings (e.g., community practice, long-term care, and resource-limited small and rural hospitals);Antimicrobial use and stewardship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic;Global collaborations to tackle AMR through antimicrobial stewardship.
20. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition.
- Author
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Lamprecht, Manfred and Lamprecht, Manfred
- Subjects
Diets & dieting ,Dietetics & nutrition ,Sports injuries & medicine ,Food & beverage technology ,Nutrition ,Sports Medicine ,Sports Performance Analysis ,NUTRITION ,SCI-TECH ,MEDICINE ,STM ,free ,lipid ,oxidative ,oxygen ,peroxidation ,radical ,reactive ,species ,stress ,supplementation - Abstract
Summary: Antioxidant use in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that it both supports and hurts athletic performance. This book presents information on antioxidants, specifically for athletes, and their roles in sports nutrition. It stresses how antioxidants affect exercise performance, health, and immunity. Chapters cover oxidative stress; basic nutrition for athletes; major dietary antioxidants; sports supplements; performance/adaptation to exercise; antioxidants role in health and immunity; reviews on vitamins C, E, beta-carotene, and minerals in sports nutrition; and roles polyphenols play in high-performance sport.
21. Aortic Stenosis - Current Perspectives.
- Author
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Peter Magnusson
- Subjects
Medicine ,Cardiac Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: As the most common cardiac valve disease, aortic stenosis is frequently encountered by healthcare providers in clinical practice. It may be suspected from a cardiac murmur found at a routine clinical exam, signs on ECG, heart failure, or an episode of syncope or arrhythmia. Echocardiography as well as other imaging tools provide information about the degree of severity of the stenosis. Nevertheless, careful judgement of potential symptoms is crucial. When it comes to treatment, a catheter-based approach has emerged as the preferred option in many cases, even though open-chest surgery is still standard treatment. Regardless of treatment modality, a multidisciplinary team is needed to provide optimal management of patients with aortic stenosis. This book provides all the necessary information on aortic stenosis, including etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.
22. Applications of Data Mining in Engineering, Management and Medicine.
- Author
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Kaul, Neha
- Subjects
Data Mining ,Medicine ,Data mining in engineering - Abstract
Summary: The advancement of technology, its uses and how they influence on people have generated a great impact on today's society. This book intends to expand our knowledge on the subject and better understand the current state of the art in this field. It is something we have to be aware of, since it is increasingly present in our lives. We must understand the new technologies in order to use them correctly and optimize them in the future. The problem that certain jobs can be replaced by machines, generates a change in the way of human thinking and doing, which must adopt these technologies and trained to use them. In this book, the changes to the world caused by the use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are investigated. It investigates the impact of the use of artificial intelligence in everyday life, emphasizing technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Deep Learning. In recent years, advances in these areas have influenced considerably the technology as we know it, are opening doors to new possibilities that once seemed unimaginable.
23. Aspects in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.
- Author
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Ayman Karkar
- Subjects
Medicine ,Nephrology ,Urology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a slow and smooth continuous extracorporeal blood purification process. It is usually implemented over 24 hours to several days with gentle removal of fluid overload and excess uremic toxins. CRRT, which is based on the physiological principles of diffusion, ultrafiltration, convection, and adsorption, can be performed as slow continuous ultrafiltration, continuous veno-venous hemofiltration, continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration, and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis. Over many years, CRRT has been shown to be an effective dialysis therapy for hemodynamically unstable patients with acute kidney injury, brain injury, and/or multiorgan failure in intensive care units. Aspects in CRRT covers selected important topics with a practical approach to the management of different aspects of CRRT. All chapters have been updated and are well referenced, supported by well-illustrated figures and tables, and written by distinguished and experienced authors. Aspects in CRRT is considered as a guide to daily practice in intensive care units, and a reference for medical and nursing staff involved in taking care of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury, sepsis, and multiorgan failure.
24. Aspects in Dialysis.
- Author
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Ayman Karkar
- Subjects
Medicine ,Nephrology ,Urology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Dialysis (clearance of uremic toxins and removal of excess fluids) is a broad term for different modalities of treatment for patients with acute and end-stage kidney disease. These modalities include peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, and continuous renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Dialysis is a lifesaving measure and can be conducted in hospitals, in dialysis clinics, and at home. Recently, dialysis techniques have witnessed tremendous improvements in technology and performance. The book Aspects in Dialysis covers important aspects of dialysis-related topics and is empowered with well-established and experienced authors, who have written clear and informative chapters. It covers various aspects of dialysis modalities supported by well-established clinical studies. Aspects in Dialysis can be considered as a guide for daily practice and a reference for medical and nursing staff involved in taking care of dialysis patients.
25. Assessing Atmospheric Pollution and Its Impacts on the Human Health.
- Author
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Barbulescu, Alina and Barbulescu, Alina
- Subjects
Medicine ,Medical toxicology ,household air pollution ,fine particulate matter ,international environmental health ,cookstove ,respiratory disease ,brick worker ,particulate matter ,heavy metals ,Sulfate-Nitrate-Ammonium ,pollution levels ,mobile sources ,aerosols ,PAHs ,OC and EC ,transport sources ,urbanized coastal station ,grain dust ,health risk assessment ,Monte Carlo simulation ,disability adjusted life year ,multi-media exposure ,health risk ,probabilistic risk assessment ,Lake Chaohu ,PM10 ,health risks ,extreme learning machine ,echo state network ,neural networks ,pollution ,concentration ,indicators ,aberrant values ,nitrogen oxides ,ARIMA ,GRNN ,ARIMA-GRNN ,isolation forest ,LOF ,AOD ,classification ,dendrogram ,PCA ,air quality index ,polluting agents ,respiratory diseases ,monitoring stations ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: This reprint contains articles published in the Special Issue entitled "Assessing Atmospheric Pollution and Its Impacts on the Human Health" in the journal Atmosphere. The research focuses on the evaluation of atmospheric pollution by statistical methods on the one hand, and on the other hand, on the evaluation of the relationship between the level of pollution and the extent of its effect on the population's health, especially on pulmonary diseases.
26. Assessment of General Practitioners' Performance in Daily Practice. The EURACT Performance Agenda of General Practice/Family Medicine.
- Author
-
Wilm, Stefan and Wilm, Stefan
- Subjects
Medicine ,EURACT ,Definition of General Practice ,European Academy of Teachers in General Practice ,General Practitioners ,Family Medicine - Abstract
Summary: The EURACT Performance Agenda (EUPA) of the European Academy of Teachers in General Practice/Family Medicine (EURACT) is the third paper in a row following the European Definition of General Practice/Family Medicine (WONCA Europe) in 2002 which identified 6 core competencies and 11 abilities every general practitioner (GP) should master, and the EURACT Educational Agenda in 2005 which provided a framework to teach the core competencies by setting learning aims and monitoring their achievement. Performance (in contrast to competence) is understood as the level of actual performance in clinical care and communication with patients in daily practice. Small groups of EURACT Council members from 40 European countries have discussed and developed EUPA since 2007. EUPA is a general, uniform and basic agenda of performance elements every GP masters in daily practice, applicable and adaptable to different countries with different systems. It deals with the process and result of actual work in daily practice, not with a teaching/learning situation. EUPA discusses in depth the psychometrics and edumetrics of performance assessment. Case vignettes of abilities in GPs' daily practice illustrate performance and its assessment in every chapter. Examples of common assessment tools are workplace-based assessment by a peer, feedback from patients or staff and audit of medical records. EUPA can help to shape various performance assessment activities held locally in general practice/family medicine, e. g. in continuing professional development cycles, re-certification/re-accreditation/licensing procedures, peer hospitation programmes and practice audit programmes in quality management. It can give orientation for self-assessment for reflective practitioners in their continuing professional development. The EURACT Performance Agenda (EUPA) encourages general practitioners to initialize performance agendas adapted to their national health system to further strengthen the role of general practice/family medicine in their country.
27. Atherosclerosis - Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow.
- Author
-
Luigi Gianturco
- Subjects
Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a subject of enormous contention for cardiologists and in general for all medical doctors. With this publication we have given you a concise ""state-of-the-art"" look at the world of atheroma. Many other elements could be included and so it is only a brief analysis of ""today"" (the preventive medicine era) and ""tomorrow"" (transforming the cure medicine era into the care medicine era) but also remembering ""yesterday"" (the ex-cathedra medicine era). Let's hope our arteries are free from atherosclerotic events: have a good read!
28. Autism - Paradigms, Recent Research and Clinical Applications.
- Author
-
Jane Yip and Michael Fitzgerald
- Subjects
Medicine ,Mental and Behavioural Disorders and Diseases of the Nervous System ,Health Sciences ,Neurodiversity - Abstract
Summary: This book opens with a discussion of neurodiversity and an elaboration of the diagnosis of autism. It then examines factors correlating with autism, including sex bias, month of birth, migration and impact of infant feeding. The next section is on the impact of autism. The neurobiology and genetic section deals with epigenetics and intracellular pathways associated with etiology. The development and behaviour section deals with proprioceptive profiles and joint attention in autism. The final section focuses on interventions including mindfulness, animal assisted activity, social/cultural perspective on autism intervention and physical activity. The book is relevant to all professionals and researchers working with persons with autism, including psychiatrists/psychologists, speech and language therapists, occupational therapists, teachers, nurses and care workers.
29. Autophagy in Tissue Injury and Homeostasis.
- Author
-
Lin, Pei-Hui and Lin, Pei-Hui
- Subjects
Medicine ,aging ,dietary restriction ,acute kidney injury ,mitochondria ,autophagy ,mitophagy ,ischemia ,renal tubular cells ,diabetic nephropathy ,exosomes ,mTOR ,innate immunity ,immune cell ,inflammasome ,Paneth cell ,inflammatory bowel disease ,Crohn's disease ,hepatocytes ,hepatic stellate cells ,sinusoidal endothelial cells ,macrophages ,fibrosis ,cirrhosis ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,biomarkers ,cell death ,glutaminase ,metabolism ,molecular rehabilitation ,kidney diseases ,oxidative stress ,inflammation ,ATGs ,intestinal homeostasis ,inflammatory bowel diseases ,HCC therapy ,Autophagy ,acute lung injury ,idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ,COPD ,tuberculosis ,PAH ,cystic fibrosis ,Beclin-1 ,cardiac dysfunction ,sepsis ,endotoxemia ,muscle regeneration ,stem cell ,immune ,macrophage ,senescence ,exercise ,caloric restriction ,diabetic retinopathy ,PINK1 ,Notoginsenoside R1 ,ethanol ,LC3 ,apoptosis ,Sertoli cell ,Parkin ,TFEB ,infertility ,AMPK ,FOXO ,MTOR ,parkin ,spinal cord injury ,traumatic brain injury ,autophagic flux ,neuronal cell death ,lysosomal damage ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: Autophagy ("auto-digestion"), a lysosome-dependent process, degrades and turns over damaged or senescent organelles and proteins. Autophagy is a highly regulated process that impacts several vital cellular responses, including inflammation, cell death, energy metabolism, and homeostasis of organelles (mitochondria and others). Although the role of autophagy in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis is well documented, its role during tissue injury and regeneration is still emerging. In this Special Issue on "Autophagy in Tissue Injury and Homeostasis", we focus on the roles of autophagy in systemic, specific tissue (organs/cells) injury or organ failure associated with sepsis, inflammation, metabolic disorder, toxic chemicals, ischemia-reperfusion injury, hypoxic oxidative stress, tissue fibrosis, trauma, and nutrient starvation. The knowledge gained from the identification and characterization of new molecular mechanisms will shed light on biomedical applications for tissue protection through the modulation of autophagy.
30. Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Manual.
- Author
-
Jose A. Morales Gonzalez
- Subjects
Medicine ,Interventional Cardiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: The purpose of this publication is to systematize the knowledge necessary to make Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) or Cardiorespiratory Resuscitation (CRR) known to nursing health specialists, which translates as a set of temporary and internationally standardized maneuvers assigned to ensure the oxygenation of the vital organs when the blood circulation of an individual stops suddenly, independently of the cause of the Cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA). This knowledge is found correctly delimited in The Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Manual, which especially emphasizes the step-by-step methodology and techniques to follow for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). This is a basic work that cannot be overlooked by health care specialists, the society, and the public in general, because of the high probability that this situation will present at some moment in life. Thus, it is recommended to be prepared to help some person in an emergency situation. The manual is an excellent consultation work for health professionals. Given that what is expressed in this work is fundamental for life, and its objective is to make known the relevant information concerning the knowledge of CPR.
31. Basic Research in Endocrinology. A Modern Strategy for the Development and Technologies of Personalized Medicine.
- Author
-
Voevoda, Mikhail Ivanovich, Ragino, Yuliya I., and Voevoda, Mikhail Ivanovich
- Subjects
Medicine ,diagnostic method ,severity of disturbances ,rheology ,diabetes mellitus ,erythrocyte ,dielectrophoresis ,anemia of chronic disease ,iron deficiency anemia ,hyperlipidemia ,inflammation ,C-reactive protein ,tumor necrosis factor-α ,erythrocyte sedimentation rate ,osteoporosis ,fracture ,menopause ,population ,chronic non-communicable diseases ,risk factors ,early IHD ,abdominal obesity ,blood cytokines/chemokines complex ,multiplex assay ,Flt3 ligand ,GM-CSF ,MCP-1 ,IL-4 ,maturity onset diabetes of the young type 14 ,APPL1 ,single-nucleotide variant ,Firmicutes ,Bacteroidetes ,gut microbiota ,bile microbiota ,gallstone patients ,maturity onset diabetes of the young ,MODY ,multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification ,next-generation sequencing ,GCK ,HNF1A ,HNF4A ,HNF1B ,obesity ,BMI ,blood tests ,proteomics ,mass spectrometry ,norepinephrine concentration in the hypothalamus ,heart mass ,QTL analysis ,SNPs ,ISIAH hypertensive rat strain ,risk factor ,diabetes risk scale ,diabetes risk model ,type 1 diabetes mellitus ,type 2 diabetes mellitus ,proton spectroscopy ,hippocampus ,cognitive dysfunction ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: The first all-Russia conference with international participation "Basic Research in Endocrinology: A Modern Strategy for the Development and Technologies of Personalized Medicine" was held in Novosibirsk on 26-27 November 2020. The purpose of this conference was to disseminate the latest basic and clinical findings in the fields of etiology, clinical characteristics, and modern diagnostics and treatments of endocrine disorders among various relevant specialists. The conference was intended for practicing endocrinologists, primary care physicians, medical geneticists, pediatric endocrinologists, pediatricians, and physician-scientists. The main topics included epidemiology and pathogenesis of endocrine disorders; genomic research in endocrinology; biochemical characteristics of endocrine aberrations; immunology and immunogenetics in endocrinology; cellular technologies in endocrinology; metabolomic research in endocrinology; pharmacogenetics; basic pathomorphology; high-tech care of patients with endocrine disorders; iodine-deficiency-related, autoimmune, and oncological diseases of the thyroid; modern diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for diabetes mellitus; osteoporosis and osteopenias; polyendocrinopathies; an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome; hypo- and hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D; neuroendocrine disorders; reproductive health; rehabilitation of patients with endocrine disorders; health resort and spa treatments of endocrine disorders and comorbid conditions.
32. Bedside and Community. 50 Years of Contributions to the Health of Albertans by the University of Calgary.
- Author
-
Stahnisch, Frank W., Mansell, Diana, Larsson, Paula, and Stahnisch, Frank W.
- Subjects
Medicine ,Education ,Medical ethics & professional conduct ,Nursing ,Health ,Veterinary ,Medical administration - Abstract
Summary: The University of Calgary's innovative and collaborative approach to health care education is celebrated in an interdisciplinary collection. Bedside and Community is the inside story of fifty years of health care and health research at the University of Calgary. Drawing on the first-person accounts of researchers, administrators, faculty, and students along with archival research, and faculty histories, this collection celebrates the many significant contributions the University of Calgary has made to the health of Albertans. With contributions from the Cumming School of Medicine, the Faculty of Nursing, Faculty of Kinesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Environmental Design, Department of Psychology, and Indigenous Health Initiatives Bedside and Community is a truly collaborative history. Addressing the links between departments, the relationship between the university and the community, and evolving research and teaching methods, this book places the University of Calgary within a wider national context and shows how it has addressed the unique health needs of Southern Alberta. With a pioneering focus on primary care and commitment to interdisciplinary connections, the University of Calgary has made strides in health research, health education, and community outreach. Bedside and Community tells the story of a tradition of excellence that will light the way to future outreach and discovery.
33. Bedside Procedures.
- Author
-
Gabriel Cismaru
- Subjects
Medicine ,Critical Care Medicine ,Pre-Hospital Emergency Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Shifting the performance of an invasive procedure from operating room or interventional lab to the ICU has advantages for both the patient and the doctor performing the procedure. The book is a guide to interventions that are commonly performed in the intensive care unit, without the need of an operating room. In the following chapters, the authors show that procedures like endotracheal intubation, videolaryngoscopy, pericardial puncture, lumbar puncture and percutaneous cholecystostomy, and intra-abdominal pressure monitoring can be safely performed outside the operating room, at the bed of the patient. All the chapters of the book are clinically orientated providing explanations and illustrations for invasive procedures. Practical recommendations are given in the book, accompanied by figures for techniques performed in critically ill patients. It will serve the experienced doctor who has not performed a procedure for a long time as well as the young doctors needing a practical assistance when facing a new patient.
34. Big Data in Dental Research and Oral Healthcare.
- Author
-
Joda, Tim and Joda, Tim
- Subjects
Medicine ,digital transformation ,rapid prototyping ,augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) ,artificial intelligence (AI) ,machine learning (ML) ,personalized dental medicine ,tele-health ,patient-centered outcomes ,integrated care, medical-dental integration, simulation model, dental research ,oral medicine ,oral healthcare ,dentistry ,gerodontology ,elderly patient ,big data ,Big Data ,digital dentistry ,oral health ,ethical issues ,dental education ,augmented reality (AR) ,virtual reality (VR) ,artificial intelligence ,AI ,machine learning ,ML ,cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) ,intraoral scanning ,facial scanning ,healthcare cost ,medical healthcare cost ,dental healthcare cost ,zero-inflated model ,neural network - Abstract
Summary: Progress in information technology has fostered a global explosion of data generation. Accumulated big data are now estimated to be 4.4 zettabytes in the digital universe; and trends predict an exponential increase in the future. Health data are gathered from professional routine care and other expanded sources including the social determinants of health, such as Internet of Things. Biomedical research has recently moved through three stages in digital healthcare: (1) data collection; (2) data sharing; and (3) data analytics. With the explosion of stored health data, dental medicine is edging into its fourth stage of digitization using new technologies including augmented and virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and blockchain. Big data collaborations involve interactions between a diverse range of stakeholders with analytical, technical and political focus. In oral healthcare, data technology has many areas of application: prognostic analysis and predictive modeling, the identification of unknown correlations of diseases, clinical decision support for novel treatment concepts, public health surveys and population-based clinical research, as well as the evaluation of healthcare systems. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide an update on the current knowledge with state-of-the-art theory and practical information on human and social perspectives that determine the uptake of technological innovations in big data science in the field of dental medicine. Moreover, it will focus on the identification of future research needs to manage the continuous increase in health data and to accomplish its clinical translation for patient-centered research and personalized dentistry. This Special Issue welcomes all types of studies and reviews considering the perspectives of different stakeholders on technological innovations for big data science in all dental disciplines. Kind regards,
35. Biomarker.
- Author
-
Tapan Kumar Khan
- Subjects
Medicine ,Diagnostics ,Clinical Pathology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Clinicians, scientists, and health care professionals use biomarkers or biological markers as a measure of a person's present health condition or response to interventions. An ideal -biomarker should have the following criteria: (I) ability to detect fundamental features of the disease, (II) ability to differentiate from other closely related diseases, (III) ability to detect early stages and stages of progression, (IV) the method should be highly reliable, easy to perform and inexpensive, and (V) sample sources should be easily accessible from body. Most of the chapters in this book follow the basic principle of biomarkers.
36. Bone Development and Disease in Infants.
- Author
-
Pavone, Vito and Pavone, Vito
- Subjects
Medicine ,pediatric ,growing age ,complex regional pain syndrome ,reflex sympathetic dystrophy ,multidisciplinary ,physical therapy ,cognitive behavioral therapy ,drugs ,pharmacological treatment ,occupational therapy ,supracondylar humerus fracture ,humerus fracture ,upper limb fracture ,fracture laterality ,handedness ,pediatric orthopedics ,developmental dysplasia of the hip ,DDH ,treatment ,conservative ,bracing ,dynamic splint ,static splint ,Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease ,Herring lateral pillar classification ,Stulberg classification ,Waldenström stage ,duration ,chronological age ,skeletal maturity ,Cervical Vertebral Maturation ,douple diapering ,neonatal hip ,DDH prevention ,hip positioning ,hip extension ,hip adduction ,clubfoot ,CTEV ,sport ,sport practice ,sport activity level ,young athletes ,ponseti method ,bone tumors ,Ewing's sarcoma ,infants ,children ,composite prosthesis ,Pirani score ,Dimeglio score ,interobserver reliability ,congenital talipes equinovarus ,hemophilia ,prophylaxis ,high-impact sports ,physical activity ,psychological wellness ,trauma ,lockdown ,pandemic ,SARS-Co-V-2 ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: Children's bone growth is continuous, and remodelling is always extensive. Growth proceeds from a vulnerable part of the bone, the growth plate. In remodelling, old bone tissue is gradually replaced by new tissue. Many bone disorders arise from the changes that occur in a growing child's musculoskeletal system, and these disorders can positively or negatively impact bone development. Other bone disorders may be inherited or occur in childhood for unknown reasons.Bone disorders in children can result from factors that affect people of all ages, including injury, infection (osteomyelitis), cancer, and metabolic diseases. Causes of bone disorders can involve the gradual misalignment of bones and stress on growth plates during growth. Congenital deformities such as clubfoot or developmental dysplasia of the hip can lead to important alterations of bone development, causing severe dysfunction. Certain rare connective tissue disorders can also affect the bones, such as Marfan syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta, and osteochondrodysplasias.Many specialists are involved in the management of bone development disorders in children and adolescents, such as neurosurgeons, plastic surgeons, general surgeons, ORL surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, orthopaedics, radiologists, and pediatric intensive care physicians.The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest research on the etiology, physiopathology, diagnosis and screening, management, and rehabilitation related to bone development and disease in infants, focusing on congenital, developmental, post-traumatic, and post-infective disorders.
37. Breast Imaging.
- Author
-
Cherie M. Kuzmiak
- Subjects
Medicine ,Healthcare Informatics ,Engineering Technology in Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Early detection of breast cancer with screening mammography is still the best method we have in saving countless women's lives and decreasing the harms of overtreatment. This textbook encompasses relevant topics in daily patient care with breast imaging to technical innovations for improving breast cancer detection and treatment.
38. Cancer Epidemiology in China: What We Have Learnt So Far?
- Author
-
Ji, Jianguang, Chen, Tianhui, Shu, Xiaochen, Liu, Hao, and Ji, Jianguang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Oncology ,cancer burden in China ,cancer mortality ,China ,public health ,cancer epidemiology - Abstract
Summary: After several decades of development, the socialist market economy of China is now the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP. China is also the largest economy by purchasing power parity according to the International Monetary Fund. In tandem with the development of the Chinese economy, China's cancer burden is rising rapidly due to an ageing population and the adoption of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. According to the data from the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) of China, the incidence and mortality of cancer have been increasing rapidly in China. In recent years, cancer has been the leading cause of death among city residents and the second cause of death among rural residents, which has become a stark public health issue in China. According to the NCCR, an estimated 4.29 million new incident cases (12 thousand per day) and 2.81 million death cases (7.5 thousand per day) would occur in 2015 in China. This corresponds to the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of 201.1 per 100,000 and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of 126.9 per 100,000, respectively. Due to the geographical and ethnical disparities in living habits and healthcare level, the cancer spectrum differs between different regions and ethnical groups in China. According to the estimation from IARC, the incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and liver cancer is the world's highest in specific regions of China. The incidence of some cancer types in Chinese urban areas, such as colorectal, prostate, kidney and bladder cancers, is similar to that in developed countries or regions where the incidence of cancer is highly associated with obesity and westernised lifestyles. Nevertheless, the incidence of some common cancer types in rural areas, including oesophageal, stomach, liver and cervical cancers, shares similarity with less developed countries or regions in the world where cancers are associated with chronic infectious agents due to poverty. In addition, the mortality rate is higher in rural areas, which suggests a poorer cancer prognosis due to late diagnosis and/or unsatisfying clinical treatment. The distinct cancer patterns of different regions and/or ethnic groups indicate a need for precise cancer prevention and control plans tailored for different geographical regions and/or ethnic groups. The overarching goal of the proposed Frontiers in Oncology Research Topic is to present current perspectives on cancer epidemiology in Chinese characteristics and provide current knowledge of cancer burden as well as cancer mortality to academic investigators, clinicians and stakeholders from the translational, clinical and public health communities.
39. Capitalizing a Cure. How Finance Controls the Price and Value of Medicines.
- Author
-
Roy, Victor
- Subjects
Political economy ,Medicine ,Medicine; finance; biomedicine; public health - Abstract
Summary: Capitalizing a Cure takes readers into the struggle over a medical breakthrough to investigate the power of finance over business, biomedicine, and public health. When curative treatments for hepatitis C launched in 2013, sticker shock over their prices intensified the global debate over access to new medicines. Weaving historical research with insights from political economy and science and technology studies, Victor Roy demystifies an oft-missed dynamic in this debate: the reach of financialized capitalism into how medicines are made, priced, and valued. Roy's account moves between public and private labs, Wall Street and corporate board rooms, and public health meetings and health centers to trace the ways in which curative medicines became financial assets dominated by strategies of speculation and extraction at the expense of access and care. Provocative and sobering, this book illuminates the harmful impact of allowing financial markets to determine who heals and who suffers and points to the necessary work of building more equitable futures. "An important voice on the links between finance and health ecosystems, Victor Roy makes a valuable contribution to building an economy that is based on providing health for all." - Mariana Mazzucato, author of The Value of Everything: Making and Taking in the Global Economy and Chair of the WHO Council on the Economics of Health for All "This book is a riveting read that will strike fear in the heart of anybody who cares about the right to health or thinks that the drive for profits should not supersede democracy or human need." - Salmaan Keshavjee, author of Blind Spot: How Neoliberalism Infiltrated Global Health "The best piece of nonfiction I have read in a long time. This book offers a fantastic, relevant, and necessary case study to understand how the financialization of the economy has affected the organization of industrial sectors." - Marc-André Gagnon, Professor of Public Policy and Political Economy, Carleton University
40. Cardiac Arrhythmias.
- Author
-
Umashankar Lakshmanadoss
- Subjects
Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: This book is a comprehensive and practical updated review about the various aspects of cardiac arrhythmias. It covers a variety of aspects of both atrial and nonatrial arrhythmias, including genetics, clinical aspects, ECG manifestations, and practical approaches to complex cardiac arrhythmia management - office, hospital, intensive care unit, electrophysiology laboratory, and operating room. This book also presents comprehensive ECG reviews of cardiac arrhythmias like atrial flutter, Brugada pattern, Breijo ECG pattern, and PVCs. Practical aspects of preventing and managing arrhythmias - central venous catheter-induced, atrial flutter, and drug-induced cardiac arrhythmias - are described. Experts have demonstrated the approach for mapping and ablation of complex arrhythmias like atrial flutter, idiopathic ventricular tachycardia, and Brugada syndrome.
41. Caregiving and Home Care.
- Author
-
Mukadder Mollaoglu
- Subjects
Medicine ,Neurology ,Mental and Behavioural Disorders and Diseases of the Nervous System ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: The management of chronic diseases is one of the tasks of all members of the health team, and different models need to be applied in the practice of chronic care management. One of these models is home care services. There are two main sections in this book. In the first part of the section, the concept of caregiving and care at home is explained. In the second part, the responsibilities of caregivers at home and the responsibilities of caregivers of people who have health problems that occur during different periods of life are discussed. In the second section, the problems of caregivers are also included. I would like to think that what is quoted in this book, which contains examples from different cultures of the world for home care approaches, will contribute to the development of home care services. This book is presented to all health professionals working in the field of health services as well as health politics professionals and students trained in these areas.
42. Caring for Those Who are Neglected and Forgotten: Psychiatry in Prison Environments.
- Author
-
Konrad, Norbert, Opitz-Welke, Annette, Angela Völlm, Birgit, and Konrad, Norbert
- Subjects
Medicine ,Psychiatry ,mental health ,prison ,risk ,suicide ,violence ,psychopathy - Abstract
Summary: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
43. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Nephropathic Cystinosis.
- Author
-
Levtchenko, Elena N. and Levtchenko, Elena N.
- Subjects
Medicine ,Pharmacology ,cystinosis ,cysteamine ,bone ,osteoclast ,genotype ,CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells ,gene therapy ,pre-clinical studies ,investigational new drug application ,clinical trial ,disulfiram ,mice ,zebrafish ,fertility ,azoospermia ,hypogonadism ,histopathology ,mouse model ,lysosomal storage disease ,cell and animal models ,infantile nephropathic cystinosis ,bone-muscle wasting ,fibroblast growth factor 23 ,osteoclasts ,sclerostin ,leptin ,fractures ,nephropathic cystinosis ,hollow fiber membrane ,3-dimensional models ,autophagy ,macrophages ,inflammasome ,proximal tubular cells ,endocytosis ,apoptosis ,chitotriosidase ,interleukins ,galectin-3 ,novel therapies ,endolysosome ,epithelial cell differentiation ,homeostasis ,lysosomal storage diseases ,mitochondrial distress ,kidney proximal tubule ,programmed cell death ,central nervous system ,cortical atrophy ,arterial spin labelling ,cystine blood level ,lysosomal storage disorder ,history ,treatment strategies for cystinosis ,newborn screening ,clinical course ,CTNS-pathogenic variants ,newborn screening for cystinosis ,kidney progenitors ,cell model ,biomarkers ,cystine ,kidney ,therapeutic monitoring - Abstract
Summary: Nephropathic cystinosis (MIM # 219800) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the lysosomal cystine transporter cystinosin, encoded by the CTNS gene (17p13.2). This devastating condition initially affects kidneys and subsequently many other organs including eyes, thyroid, pancreas, muscles, and brain. While lysosomal cystine storage is a key feature of the disease and the main target of current therapy, recent groundbreaking research has revealed that cystinosin has diverse functions in cells, being involved in vesicle trafficking, energy homeostasis, and cell death mechanisms. These discoveries deepen our insights into the mechanisms of cystinosis and of lysosomal biology in general. In this Special Issue dedicated to the pioneer of cystinosis research Dr. Jerry Schneider, we highlight the state-of-the-art understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of various disease features, opening new horizons for innovative treatment strategies for cystinosis and potentially other lysosomal storage diseases.
44. Cellular Oxidative Stress.
- Author
-
Marino, Angela, Dossena, Silvia, and Marino, Angela
- Subjects
Medicine ,neuroinflammation ,clinical ,palmitoylethanolamide ,luteolin ,co-ultramicronization ,CNS pathology ,adaptive immune response ,cell homeostasis ,legumes ,liver ,hepatic steatosis ,lipid dyshomeostasis ,ROS ,traumatic brain injury ,palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) ,therapeutic strategies ,oxidative stress ,RNA-Seq ,RPE ,Retinitis pigmentosa ,A2E ,diabetes ,glucose exposure ,Band 3 protein ,erythrocytes ,SO42− ,4-hydroxy-2-nonenal ,3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal ,astrocytoma cells ,soy ,soybeans ,soy foods ,antioxidants ,reactive oxygen species ,cardiovascular diseases ,cancer ,paw edema ,cashew nuts ,antioxidant ,inflammation ,polyphenols ,analgesic ,d-Galactose ,glycation ,SO42− uptake ,anion exchange ,diseases ,immune system ,NF-κB ,cigarette smoke extract ,nasal fibroblasts ,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases ,matrix metalloproteinase ,steroids ,Plasmodium falciparum ,syk kinase inhibitors ,artemisinin derivatives ,hemichromes ,cellular redox state ,mitochondrial function ,cisplatin nephrotoxicity ,acute pancreatitis ,obesity ,nitrosative stress ,PGC-1α ,microparticles ,vesiculation ,band 3 ,tert-Bytyl hydroperoxide t-BOOH ,nitric oxide donor ,calcium ionophore A23187 ,age-related macular degeneration (AMD) ,diet ,Substance-P ,adipose-derived stem cells ,paracrine factors ,epilepsy ,status epilepticus ,Trolox ,HeLa ,prooxidant ,AVD ,apoptosis ,neurodegeneration ,ncRNA ,miRNA ,tRNA fragments ,lncRNA ,circRNA ,preeclampsia ,hemostasis ,platelets ,coagulation ,fish ,mucosal immunity ,nasal immunity ,peroxide ,vitamin C ,NAC ,immunosenescence ,T cells ,vaccination ,aging ,microvascular permeability ,bradykinin ,interleukin 1β ,NADPH oxidase ,simvastatin ,molecular hydrogen ,autophagy ,matrix metalloproteinases ,reactive oxygen species (ROS) ,phytochemicals ,dietary chemicals ,natural compounds ,programmed cell death ,anoikis ,ferroptosis ,pyroptosis ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: This book collects 17 original research papers and 9 reviews that are part of the Special Issue "Cellular Oxidative Stress", published in the journal Antioxidants. Oxidative stress on a cellular level affects the function of tissues and organs and may eventually lead to disease. Therefore, a precise understanding of how oxidative stress develops and can be counteracted is of utmost importance. The scope of the book is to emphasize the latest findings on the cellular targets of oxidative stress and the potential beneficial effect of antioxidants on human health.
45. Centring Human Connections in the Education of Health Professionals.
- Author
-
Melrose, Sherri, Park, Caroline, and Perry, Beth
- Subjects
Nursing fundamentals & skills ,Pedagogy ,health care ,medical professionals ,vocational books ,above and beyond ,caregivers ,appreciative patients ,nursing ,learning ,teaching ,medical books ,medicine ,medical school - Abstract
Summary: Many of today's learning environments are dominated by technology or procedure-driven approaches that leave learners feeling alone and disconnected. The authors of Centring Human Connections in the Education of Health Professionals argue that educational processes in the health disciplines should model, integrate, and celebrate human connections because it is these connections that will foster the development of competent and caring health professionals. Centring Human Connections in the Education of Health Professionals equips educators working in clinical, classroom, and online settings with a variety of teaching strategies that facilitate essential human connections. Included is an overview of the educational theory that grounds the authors' thinking, enabling the educators who employ the strategies included in the book to assess their fit within curriculum requirements and personal teaching philosophies and understand how and why they work.
46. Challenges in Elder Care.
- Author
-
Edward T. Zawada Jr.
- Subjects
Medicine ,Geriatric Intensive-Care Unit ,Health Sciences ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Abstract
Summary: This work is intended as a brief but focused compilation to assist with diagnosis and management of the most common serious medical problems in the rapidly growing geriatric population. The geriatric population recently expanded by the fact that the baby boomers have reached the milestone of 65 years of age in the past 5 years. Tips for diagnosis, medication administration, and logistics of cost-effective management in the health-care continuum are presented in this book. The latter often consists of a journey from home to medical office to emergency room to hospital bed to intensive care unit to long-term acute care hospital to skilled nursing facility to long-term residential facility and/or back home, which is also reviewed in the book Geriatrics.
47. Chinese Medical Therapies for Diabetes, Infertility, Silicosis and the Theoretical Basis.
- Author
-
Xing-Tai Li
- Subjects
Medicine ,Complementary Medicine ,Herbalism ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the world's most comprehensive alternative and complementary medicine. With the rising morbidity of serious illnesses like diabetes, infertility, silicosis, etc., there are no highly effective treatments; even though Western medicine has made spectacular advances, this influenced us to seek Chinese medical therapies of health care. This book offers a unique perspective of Chinese medicine theories and therapies. It has practical chapters on diabetes, infertility, silicosis, kidney essence, and a compilation of contraindicated Chinese medicines for pregnancy. TCM is a treasure, and this ancient wisdom should be respected and applied to the modern medical system; it will provide more choices and a wider field of vision for Western medicine at the two cognitive crossroads of East and West.
48. Chronic HCV Infection: Clinical Advances and Eradication Perspectives.
- Author
-
Liberto, Maria Carla, Marascio, Nadia, and Liberto, Maria Carla
- Subjects
Medicine ,Epidemiology & medical statistics ,HCV ,rheumatic ,interferon ,mortality ,hepatitis C virus (HCV) ,phylogeny ,resistance-associated substitution (RAS) ,chronic hepatitis C ,vibration controlled transient elastography ,fibrosis ,steatosis ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,hepatitis C ,genotype 3 ,liver cirrhosis ,pangenotypic ,children ,ledipasvir/sofosbuvir ,real-life ,sustained virological response ,elimination ,model ,COVID-19 ,PWID ,homeless persons ,HCV eradication ,direct-acting antivirals ,out-of-hospital ,retention in care ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection can determine liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as several extra-hepatic manifestations (i.e., mixed cryoglobulinemia, metabolic syndrome, kidney disease, etc.). HCV infection is asymptomatic until severe stages of disease, thus screening policy in the general population and in specific risk categories is necessary to allow for timely intervention. Despite a high sustained virological response by direct-acting antiviral drugs, a limited percentage of treated subject failed therapy according to resistance associated substitution carried on viral isolates and comorbidities in infected patients. Therefore, tailored therapy is required to cure HCV infection. Failure to comply with these conditions may impair success of HCV eradication expected by 2030. This Special Issue aims to discuss eradication perspectives related to therapy efficacy in patients with chronic diseases, developments in diagnostic procedures and improvements in screening policy.
49. Clinical Features and Long-Term Outcomes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
- Author
-
Sjöwall, Christopher, Parodis, Ioannis, and Sjöwall, Christopher
- Subjects
Medicine ,systemic lupus erythematosus ,quality of life ,cross-sectional studies ,surveys and questionnaires ,rheumatoid arthritis ,fatigue ,pain ,psychosocial ,disease activity ,health-related quality of life ,patient-reported outcomes ,clinical follow-up ,outcome measures ,abnormal liver function tests ,autoimmune liver diseases ,autoimmune hepatitis ,hepatic involvement ,liver biopsy ,primary biliary cholangitis ,COVID-19 ,hydroxychloroquine ,glucocorticoids ,epidemiology ,Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ,outcome ,mortality ,survival ,end-stage renal disease ,cancer ,cardiovascular disease ,infections ,neoplasm ,hospital admissions ,medication adherence ,compliance ,patient perspective ,qualitative research ,classification ,cluster analysis ,laboratory ,linear discriminant analysis ,genetics ,chronic damage ,polymorphisms ,TNFSF4 ,MIR1279 ,Ki/SL ,proteasome ,autoantibodies ,lupus ,SLE ,Sjögren syndrome ,flare ,damage ,long disease duration ,trajectories ,remission ,low disease activity ,comorbidities ,mood disorders ,low-disease activity ,patient outcome ,Afro-Caribbean ,systemic lupus ,lupus nephritis ,long-term prognosis ,dehydroepiandrosterone ,SLEDAI-2K ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: The clinical spectrum of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is highly heterogeneous, ranging from mild disease, which can be limited to skin and joint involvement, to life-threatening conditions with renal impairment, severe cytopenias, central nervous system disease, and thromboembolic events. Apart from the host genetics, several environmental factors, such as sunlight, infections, drugs, and probably hormonal factors, can trigger the onset of symptoms related to SLE. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology and optimization of medical care, patients with SLE still have significant rates of premature mortality and many patients experience severe disease with increased risk of sustaining organ damage and having a reduced health-related quality of life. The development of effective drugs that can induce remission or low disease activity, the unanimous use of definitions of remission and low or high disease activity, flare, and response to therapy, the identification of non-invasive biomarkers of disease activity and long-term outcomes, and the implementation of SLE patients' perspectives as an integral part of the clinical assessment constitute only a few of the many unmet needs in the field of SLE.
50. Clinical Medicine for Healthcare and Sustainability.
- Author
-
Meen, Teen-Hang, Matsumoto, Yusuke, Lee, Kuan-Han, and Meen, Teen-Hang
- Subjects
Medicine ,sarcopenia ,bioimpedance analysis ,computed tomography ,discordance ,effect ,protection ,catheter ,hemodialysis ,meta-analysis ,trial sequential analysis ,Long-term oxygen therapy ,home mechanical ventilation ,patient-reported experience measures ,quality of care ,healthcare ,sustainability ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,health-related quality of life ,minimal clinically important difference ,survival ,serum urate ,menopause ,hypertension ,xanthine dehydrogenase ,cross-sectional cohort study ,diabetic foot ulcer ,peripheral arterial disease ,incidence ,prevalence ,cost ,National Health Insurance Service data ,erythrodermic psoriasis ,secukinumab ,addiction ,smoking ,alcohol ,cannabis ,virtual reality ,musculoskeletal disorders ,randomized controlled tria ,ceftaroline ,ceftriaxone ,community-acquired pneumonia ,safety ,eravacycline ,complicated intra-abdominal infection ,efficacy ,mortality ,laparoscopic ,open surgery ,non-metastatic colorectal cancer ,surgical complication ,oncologic outcome ,single surgeon experience ,doripenem ,acute bacterial infection ,pneumonia ,intra-abdominal infection ,complicated urinary tract infection ,ultrasound-guided injection ,laser assisted ,long-axis injection ,chronic disease ,multimorbidity ,suicidal thoughts ,suicidal plans ,stroke ,post-acute care ,medical referral system ,propensity score matching ,resistance training ,arterial pressure ,disease prevention ,caffeine ,older adults ,frailty ,medication ,primary care ,white matter hyperintensity ,MRI ,healthcare quotient ,chronic ,older adults living in super-aging society ,mild cognitive impairment ,walking speed ,depression ,urinary tract infection ,rapid culture ,antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), evidence-based prescription ,antibiotics ,antimicrobial resistance (AMR), rapid diagnostics ,prediction ,deep learning ,conventional neural network ,bariatric surgery ,hospital emergency department ,queuing theory ,decision support ,cost optimization ,health behavior ,socioeconomic status ,Korea ,cardiovascular disease ,postprandial ,hypotension ,blood pressure ,elderly ,lung cancer ,physical activity ,season ,preoperative ,wearable ,macrosomia ,large for gestational age ,machine learning ,ensemble methods ,sensitivity ,specificity ,clinical deterioration ,early medical intervention ,electronic health records ,hospital rapid response team ,intensive care units ,medical records system ,computerized ,osteoporosis screening ,artificial intelligence ,convolutional neural networks ,dental panoramic radiographs ,palliative care ,nursing homes ,symptom assessment ,drug therapy ,therapeutics ,longitudinal studies ,occupational medicine ,forensic medicine ,insurance medicine ,psychoactive substances ,clinical ,forensic ,law ,ethics ,uric acid ,risk factor ,epidemiology ,cardiometabolic diseases ,healthcare and sustainability ,therapy of internal medicine diseases - Abstract
Summary: When the domestic government, the private sector, and people in various professional fields talk about long-term care issues, they all focus on creating a warm and home-like care institution. However, we actively emphasize the importance of community-based long-term care. For "aging in place", the development of domestic non-institutional care is still in its infancy, and some long-term care needs must still be met through institutional care, and the facilitation of the extension or outreach of community-based care and respite service platforms for the development of community-based long-term care still rely on institutional care. The history of the development of long-term care in Taiwan is much shorter than that of Japan, Europe, the United States, and Canada. Despite years of hard work and rapid development, the long-term care resources needed to establish a complete system in terms of universalization, fairness, accessibility, and selectivity are not available. In the future, based on the soundness of institutional care, it hoped that outreach will move toward the goals of community care and aging in place. We hope the studies in this Special Issue will help further develop clinical medicine for healthcare and stainability.
51. Clinical Studies, Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence in Nephrology and Transplantation.
- Author
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Cheungpasitporn, Wisit, Thongprayoon, Charat, Kaewput, Wisit, and Cheungpasitporn, Wisit
- Subjects
Medicine ,tacrolimus ,C/D ratio ,tacrolimus metabolism ,everolimus ,conversion ,kidney transplantation ,gut microbiome ,renal transplant recipient ,diarrhea ,immunosuppressive medication ,gut microbiota ,16S rRNA sequencing ,butyrate-producing bacteria ,Proteobacteria ,torquetenovirus ,immunosuppression ,transplantation ,immunosuppressed host ,outcome ,renal transplantation ,Goodpasture syndrome ,anti-GBM disease ,epidemiology ,hospitalization ,outcomes ,acute kidney injury ,risk prediction ,artificial intelligence ,patent ductus arteriosus ,conservative management ,blood pressure ,eradication ,interferon-free regimen ,hepatitis C infection ,kidney transplant ,allograft steatosis ,lipopeliosis ,transplant numbers ,live donors ,public awareness ,Google TrendsTM ,machine learning ,big data ,nephrology ,chronic kidney disease ,NLR ,PLR ,RPGN ,predictive value ,hemodialysis ,withdrawal ,cellular crescent ,global sclerosis ,procurement kidney biopsy ,glomerulosclerosis ,minimally-invasive donor nephrectomy ,robot-assisted surgery ,laparoscopic surgery ,organ donation ,living kidney donation ,MeltDose® ,LCPT ,renal function ,liver transplantation ,metabolism ,erythropoietin ,fibroblast growth factor 23 ,death ,weekend effect ,in-hospital mortality ,comorbidity ,dialysis ,elderly ,klotho ,α-Klotho ,FGF-23 ,kidney donor ,Nephrology ,CKD-MBD ,CKD-Mineral and Bone Disorder ,deceased donor ,Eurotransplant Senior Program ,risk stratification ,intensive care ,kidney transplant recipients ,long-term outcomes ,graft failure ,cardiovascular mortality ,lifestyle ,inflammation ,vascular calcification ,bone mineral density ,dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ,living donation ,repeated kidney transplantation ,graft survival ,prolonged ischaemic time ,patient survival ,pre-emptive transplantation ,metabolomics ,urine ,acute rejection ,allograft ,cystatin C ,hyperfiltration ,kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 ,tubular damage ,genetic polymorphisms ,(cardiac) surgery ,inflammatory cytokines ,clinical studies ,chronic kidney disease (CKD) ,no known kidney disease (NKD) ,ICD-10 billing codes ,phenotyping ,electronic health record (EHR) ,estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ,machine learning (ML) ,generalized linear model network (GLMnet) ,random forest (RF) ,artificial neural network (ANN), clinical natural language processing (clinical NLP) ,discharge summaries ,laboratory values ,area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) ,area under the precision-recall curve (AUCPR) ,fibrosis ,extracellular matrix ,collagen type VI ,living-donor kidney transplantation ,ethnic disparity - Abstract
Summary: In recent years, artificial intelligence has increasingly been playing an essential role in diverse areas in medicine, assisting clinicians in patient management. In nephrology and transplantation, artificial intelligence can be utilized to enhance clinical care, such as through hemodialysis prescriptions and the follow-up of kidney transplant patients. Furthermore, there are rapidly expanding applications and validations of comprehensive, computerized medical records and related databases, including national registries, health insurance, and drug prescriptions. For this Special Issue, we made a call to action to stimulate researchers and clinicians to submit their invaluable works and present, here, a collection of articles covering original clinical research (single- or multi-center), database studies from registries, meta-analyses, and artificial intelligence research in nephrology including acute kidney injury, electrolytes and acid-base, chronic kidney disease, glomerular disease, dialysis, and transplantation that will provide additional knowledge and skills in the field of nephrology and transplantation toward improving patient outcomes.
52. Clinical Trials in Vulnerable Populations.
- Author
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Milica Prostran
- Subjects
Medicine ,Public Health ,Health Care ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: This book Clinical Trials in Vulnerable Populations has 12 chapters divided into 4 sections: Minority Patients, Women, Medically Compromised Patients and Clinical Trials. Contributing authors came from several countries, from Serbia to Turkey. The book was edited by Professor Milica Prostran MD, Ph.D., specialist in Clinical Pharmacology. The potential reader is shown a modern approach to clinical trials in vulnerable populations, from different points of view. The chapters deal at length and clarity with their topics. Finally, I believe, that this book I edited and reviewed with dedication will capture the attention of many readers, from medical students to practicing doctors and pharmacists. All of whom must consider this very important field of medicine: clinical trials in vulnerable patients.
53. Contemporary and Innovative Practice in Palliative Care.
- Author
-
Amanda Johnson and Esther Chang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Public Health ,Global Health ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: This book is designed to provide a comprehensive insight unto the key and most prevalent contemporary issues associated with palliation. The reader will find viewpoints that are challenging and sometimes discerning, but at the same time motivating and thought-provoking in the care of persons requiring palliation. This book is divided into three sections. Section 1 examines contemporary practice; Section 2 looks at the challenges in practice; Section 3 discusses models of care. This book is an excellent resource for students, practising clinicians and academics. By reading the book, reflecting on the issues, challenges and opportunities ahead, we hope it will create within the reader a passion to take on, explore and further develop their palliative care practice.
54. Contemporary Challenges in Endocarditis.
- Author
-
Michael S. Firstenberg
- Subjects
Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Pediatric Cardiology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Endocarditis remains an elusive challenge for clinicians to master. As the population ages and their comorbidities increase, the risk of infecting cardiac structures - both native and, the ever-increasing use of, prosthetic support technology - also increases. In addition, the global epidemic of intravenous substance abuse has also resulted in a substantial increase in the number of infected patients. Fortunately, advances in the diagnostic testing, imaging, and recognition of the importance of a multidisciplinary management team have also contributed to advances in the care of these critically ill patients. Nevertheless, optimal therapies need to be individualized and considered in the ever-increasing body of scientific literature on this complex and difficult problem.
55. Contemporary Topics of Pneumonia.
- Author
-
Zissis C. Chroneos
- Subjects
Medicine ,Pulmonology ,Internal Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Pneumonia is an inflammatory disease of the air sacs and surrounding interstitium caused by infectious agents or by endogenous inflammatory tissue disorder termed interstitial pneumonia. The present book covers contemporary topics of community, hospital, and health care-related bacterial and viral pneumonia in the setting of drug resistance, environmental exposures, climate change, hormonal influences, and gender. The topic of interstitial pneumonia is brought under the lens of an immune-related connective tissue disease.
56. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.
- Author
-
Wilbert S. Aronow
- Subjects
Medicine ,Surgery ,Cardiothoracic Surgery ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: The book Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery is an excellent update for health care professionals, taking care of patients who are being considered for or who have had coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The 8 chapters in this book are all written by experts in their topics. This excellent book provides the practicing physician and other healthcare personnel, who take care of patients with coronary artery disease, new information valuable in care of patients with coronary artery disease.
57. COVID-19 and Environment: Impacts of a Global Pandemic.
- Author
-
Kodera, Sachiko, Rashed, Essam, and Kodera, Sachiko
- Subjects
Medicine ,Epidemiology & medical statistics ,risk perception ,China as an international tourism destination ,anticipated emotions ,destination attachment ,post-pandemic ,COVID-19 ,customer behavior ,psychological process ,live-streaming shopping apps ,stimulus-organism-response framework ,Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 ,Flow Theory ,gender ,age ,SARS-CoV-2 ,environmental contamination ,air samples ,surface samples ,bottom trawling ,COVID-19 pandemic lockdown ,environmental impacts ,macrobenthic fauna ,tidal channels ,central Mediterranean Sea ,ethnopharmacology ,skin diseases ,cosmetics ,Lithuania ,global environment ,solid waste ,air quality ,transport ,airborne ,CO2 ,collective transport ,tramway ,filtration ,infectious diseases ,epidemiology ,public health ,elementary teacher ,junior high school teacher ,psychological change ,physical changes ,urban mobility ,parking demand ,IoT parking sensors ,explanatory data analysis ,parking policies ,vaccinations ,pharmacist ,KAP ,infection control ,burnout ,COVID-19 pandemic ,postnatal care ,psychological distress ,psychosocial support ,health-seeking behavior ,appendicitis ,surgical care ,metrology ,data analysis ,atmospheric environment ,pollution ,coronavirus ,comorbidity ,spatial analysis ,logistic regression ,ROC curve ,freight transport ,air freight ,sea shipping ,road transport ,recovery measures ,strategies ,public trust ,perceived societal fairness ,mental health ,air pollution ,PM2.5 concentration ,gym sports ,spatial econometric model - Abstract
Summary: This is a reprint of the MDPI IJERPH Special Issue entitled "COVID-19 and Environment: Impacts of a Global Pandemic". The reprint consists of 17 papers with different topics related to the COVID-19 pandemic and environmental impacts using data from different countries all over the globe.
58. COVID-19 and Other Pleiotropic Actions of Vitamin D. Proceedings from the 5th International Conference "Vitamin D-minimum, maximum, optimum"
- Author
-
Pludowski, Pawel and Pludowski, Pawel
- Subjects
Medicine ,Clinical & internal medicine ,vitamin D ,calcidiol ,supplementation ,COVID-19 ,RCT ,clinical trial ,cholecalciferol ,randomized controlled trial ,epidemiology ,mortality ,infections ,nutrition ,25-hydroxyvitamin D ,infection ,study design ,clinical trials ,Alzheimer's disease ,cancer ,cardiovascular disease ,diabetes ,hypertension ,Mendelian randomization ,vitamin D status ,prevalence ,female migrants ,United Arab Emirates ,blood pressure ,cardiovascular risk ,vitamin D deficiency ,recommendations ,guidelines ,treatment ,juvenile idiopathic arthritis ,calcium/phosphate metabolism ,methotrexate ,children ,inflammation ,pneumonia ,SARS-CoV-2 ,CYP24A1 ,pregnancy ,hypercalcemia ,fertility ,lactation ,intoxication ,idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia ,25(OH)D ,B cell subsets ,inflammatory markers - Abstract
Summary: It is a great pleasure to provide you this Special Issue of Nutrients related to the 5th International Conference "Vitamin D-Minimum, Maximum, Optimum", under the auspices of the European Vitamin D Association (EVIDAS). The conference and the forthcoming papers serve as an international forum for the presentation and discussion of current basic and clinical research in the field of vitamin D. Organizing this subsequent Special Issue was truly challenging, given that vitamin D has recently been shown by prestigious medical journals to be an epiphenomenon that coincides with diseases, and that the correction of vitamin D deficits has limited clinical meaning. On the other hand, it was recognized that vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem with potential negative consequences on health, welfare, and morbidity during growth and adulthood, therefore influencing healthcare services worldwide. Thus, due to mutually exclusive conclusions, it was essential to discuss and share scientific reports and evidence demonstrating both the benefits and lack thereof in relation to human health. Prof. Dr. Pawel Pludowski Guest Editor
59. COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives.
- Author
-
Leggat, Peter, Frean, John, Blumberg, Lucille, and Leggat, Peter
- Subjects
Medicine ,Environmental medicine ,COVID-19 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,hepatitis B and C ,cirrhosis ,chronic kidney disease ,alcohol-related liver disease ,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ,necrosis ,MDR-TB ,clinical trials ,IL-6 inhibitors ,tocilizumab ,cytokine release syndrome ,cytokine storm ,operational research ,health systems ,SORT IT ,pandemics ,training ,pandemic ,endemic ,tuberculosis ,impact ,control ,overview ,malaria ,preparedness ,Africa ,emergency ,fecal calprotectin ,bowel perforation ,D-Dimer ,thrombosis ,ischemia ,efficacy ,safety ,kaletra ,lopinavir/ritonavir ,meta-analysis ,coronavirus ,SARS-CoV-1 ,MERS ,SARS ,influenza ,healthcare worker ,healthcare personnel ,general practitioners ,medical doctor ,heart transplant ,CMV ,Chagas disease ,infection ,severity ,respiratory viruses ,coinfections ,health care workers ,Philippines ,rhinovirus ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,plasmodium falciparum ,differential diagnosis ,cognitive bias ,diagnostic reasoning ,recurrence ,reinfection ,Bangladesh ,Kenya ,Nairobi ,presumptive tuberculosis ,TB treatment outcomes ,HIV ,antiretroviral therapy ,EpiCollect5 ,Malawi ,Lilongwe ,Zimbabwe ,Harare ,real-time operational research ,ethics ,research capacity building ,India ,Nepal ,post-acute COVID-19 syndrome ,COVID-19 vaccines ,mortality ,epidemiology ,public health ,healthcare workers ,attitudes ,perceptions ,knowledge ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Caused by SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 presents significant challenges to health systems and public health in both hemispheres as well as to the economies of each country. The morbidity and mortality due to infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 have been significant despite the short duration since its discovery and initially overwhelmed many hospitals and clinics. It influences everyone, and countermeasures have been dramatic in their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on our responses and preparedness to COVID-19 globally as well as to disseminate critical information about the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the associated COVID-19 pandemic. It consists of 22 peer-reviewed papers that cover worldwide perspectives encompasses the following: Original articles about COVID-19 (including epidemiology, modelling, clinical data, treatment, prevention, countermeasures, impacts on tropical regions, response, and preparedness);Original articles about SARS-CoV-2 (microbiology, virology, transmission, pathology, and vaccinology);Perspectives about COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 (comparisons with past coronavirus outbreaks, impactful local initiatives, novel responses, and commentaries);Reviews on COVID-19 (based on systematic and narrative reviews);and Innovations (vaccine development, drug trials, and original countermeasures).
60. Creating Age-friendly Communities. Housing and Technology.
- Author
-
van Hoof, Joost, Marston, Hannah R., Brittain, Katie, Barrie, Helen, and van Hoof, Joost
- Subjects
Medicine ,physical environment/space ,nursing homes ,small-scale living ,green care farms ,engagement ,social interaction ,long-term care facilities ,older adults ,gerontechnology ,dementia-friendly environments ,aids and adaptations ,loneliness ,domestic settings ,ICT ,Age in Place ,Disability ,Smart Technology ,Intergenerational Relationships ,Connected Health ,smart health ,older people ,co-design ,digital life-world ,smart cities ,retirement community ,privacy ,research ethics ,artificial intelligence ,robots ,living alone ,older immigrants ,Canada ,U.S. ,older age-friendly housing ,dementia ,technology ,perspectives ,informal caregivers ,formal caregivers ,rural ageing ,qualitative research methods ,intergenerational ,social connectedness ,community networks ,cardiology ,wearable devices ,community care ,primary care ,clinical care ,scoping review ,meaningful activities ,transition ,nursing home ,citizen science ,built environment ,urban neighbourhoods ,GIS ,spatial ,Australia ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: The "Creating Age-friendly Communities: Housing and Technology" publication presents contemporary, innovative, and insightful narratives, debates, and frameworks based on an international collection of papers from scholars spanning the fields of gerontology, social sciences, architecture, computer science, and gerontechnology. This extensive collection of papers aims to move the narrative and debates forward in this interdisciplinary field of age-friendly cities and communities.
61. Current Research on HIV Drug Resistance.
- Author
-
Ji, Hezhao and Ji, Hezhao
- Subjects
Medicine ,Epidemiology & medical statistics ,HIV drug resistance ,sanger sequencing ,next-generation sequencing ,interrupted antiretroviral therapy ,HIV-1 ,nef ,Botswana ,drug resistance mutations ,3'-polypurine tract ,dolutegravir ,single genome sequencing ,drug resistance ,integrase strand transfer inhibitors ,replication fitness ,case study ,complex adaptive system ,leverage points ,systems mapping ,Dar es Salaam ,Tanzania ,HIV ,surveillance ,public health ,Mexico ,HIV pretreatment drug resistance ,HIV acquired drug resistance ,Mexico City ,antiviral therapy ,protease inhibitor ,protease ,mutation ,atazanavir ,HCV ,probe capture ,enrichment ,point-of-care test ,resource-limited setting ,testing ,analytes ,specimens ,performance ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: HIV drug resistance is an unavoidable challenge for HIV/AIDS professionals, and it has long been a major obstacle hindering the global effort to contain HIV/AIDS. Pathogens journal launched a topical collection in 2021 on "Current Research on HIV Drug Resistance", aiming to catch the latest advancements in HIV resistance diagnosis, surveillance and research. This book compiles all articles published in this collection, combining original research and review articles on HIV drug resistance.
62. Current Topics in Intensive Care Medicine.
- Author
-
R?za Hakan Erbay
- Subjects
Medicine ,Critical Care Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Knowledge of intensive care medicine is growing logarithmically. In addition, intensive care units and their number of beds are increasing in hospitals. Nowadays, the average human life is prolonged due to the growth of medical knowledge and skills. Intensive care units, both as a cause and as a consequence of long-life expectancy, are increasingly important. This book contains current topics on intensive care such as critical care for neonatal, neurological, and cardiological patients; fluid management in these patients; and intensive care infections. We wish the readers find this book to be helpful.
63. Data Science in Healthcare.
- Author
-
Hulsen, Tim and Hulsen, Tim
- Subjects
Medicine ,Pharmacology ,data sharing ,data management ,data science ,big data ,healthcare ,depression ,psychological treatment ,task sharing ,primary care ,pilot study ,non-specialist health worker ,training ,digital technology ,mental health ,COVID-19 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,pneumonia ,computed tomography ,case fatality rate ,social distancing ,smoking ,metabolically healthy obese phenotype ,metabolic syndrome ,obesity ,coronavirus ,machine learning ,social media ,apache spark ,Twitter ,Arabic language ,distributed computing ,smart cities ,smart healthcare ,smart governance ,Triple Bottom Line (TBL) ,thoracic pain ,tree classification ,cross-validation ,hand-foot-and-mouth disease ,early-warning model ,neural network ,genetic algorithm ,sentinel surveillance system ,outbreak prediction ,artificial intelligence ,vascular access surveillance ,arteriovenous fistula ,end stage kidney disease ,dialysis ,kidney failure ,chronic kidney disease (CKD) ,end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) ,kidney replacement therapy (KRT) ,risk prediction ,naïve Bayes classifiers ,precision medicine ,machine learning models ,data exploratory techniques ,breast cancer diagnosis ,tumors classification ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: Data science is an interdisciplinary field that applies numerous techniques, such as machine learning, neural networks, and deep learning, to create value based on extracting knowledge and insights from available data. Advances in data science have a significant impact on healthcare. While advances in the sharing of medical information result in better and earlier diagnoses as well as more patient-tailored treatments, information management is also affected by trends such as increased patient centricity (with shared decision making), self-care (e.g., using wearables), and integrated care delivery. The delivery of health services is being revolutionized through the sharing and integration of health data across organizational boundaries. Via data science, researchers can deliver new approaches to merge, analyze, and process complex data and gain more actionable insights, understanding, and knowledge at the individual and population levels. This Special Issue focuses on how data science is used in healthcare (e.g., through predictive modeling) and on related topics, such as data sharing and data management.
64. Designing Strategies for Cleft Lip and Palate Care.
- Author
-
Mazen Ahmad Almasri
- Subjects
Medicine ,Reconstructive Surgery ,Surgery ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: In Designing Strategies for Cleft Lip and Palate Care it was aimed to link the epidemiology from different areas in the world with the interspecialty surgical care and the future genetic research projects. The objective is to concisely discuss the methodology of interspecialty care and stimulate future ideas for prophylactically managing or preventing such deformities. I am confident that one day the surgical interventions that bombard the patients from the day of newborn delivery and throughout the years of youth should be significantly decreased based on the genetic prophylactic intervention, probably.
65. Development of Laser Welding and Surface Treatment of Metals.
- Author
-
Lisiecki, Aleksander and Lisiecki, Aleksander
- Subjects
Medicine ,Epidemiology & medical statistics ,titanium nitrides ,reflectivity ,absorption ,high power diode laser ,underwater welding ,covered electrodes ,wet welding ,cold cracking ,pad welding ,flame powder spray process ,coating ,aluminum ,carbon nanotubes ,carburite ,abrasive wear resistance ,erosion wear resistance ,laser welding ,numerical simulation ,X100 pipeline steel ,welding thermal cycle ,microstructure ,aluminium alloy ,laser surface alloying ,wear resistance ,boron carbide ,FEM ,numerical analyses ,simulations ,computational techniques ,SYSWELD ,displacements ,stresses ,laser beam ,weldability ,thermo-mechanically controlled processed ,S700MC TMCP steel ,MAG ,steel sheets ,lap joints ,mechanical properties ,microstructure analysis ,nickel-based superalloy ,heat resistant steel ,surfacing ,PPTA ,HPDDL ,Fe-based coating ,laser cladding ,transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ,finite element method (FEM) ,welding ,laser ,heat source model ,keyhole welding ,thermal analysis ,austenitic stainless steel ,lean duplex stainless steel ,dissimilar welded joints ,reinforcing ,laser treatment ,strengthening ,bending ,low-carbon steel ,thin steel plate ,Ti13Nb13Zr alloy ,laser treatment nanoindentation ,electrophoretic deposition ,potentiodynamic polarization ,martensitic stainless steel ,dissimilar welded joint ,sulfide inclusions ,iron-based alloy ,hardfacing ,cladding ,tubular hardfacing electrode ,FCAW-GS ,FCAW-SS ,MMAW ,wear-resistant steel ,wear plate ,abrasion ,tribology ,weld surfacing ,welding sequence ,weld geometry ,structure analysis ,phase shares ,hardness distribution ,laser boriding ,engine oil ,wear ,friction ,surface layer ,smart city ,transport ,vehicles ,mechanical engineering ,Docol steel ,micro-jet welding ,mechanical tests ,mini-specimen ,fracture ,fatigue ,high-strength steel ,components ,joining ,micro-jet ,mechanical resistance ,parameters ,fatigue limit ,laser micro-welding ,cryosurgical probe ,butt weld ,thin tube welding ,laser deposition ,hybrid process ,cryogenic conditions ,composite coatings ,WC-Ni coatings ,fiber laser ,laser processing ,properties of surface layers - Abstract
Summary: Constant striving to reduce pollutant emissions, greenhouse gases and energy consumption, i.e., sustainable development, forces the development of new and improved materials, technologies and manufacturing processes. One of the areas of sustainable development of the global economy is also the development of laser devices and the spreading of laser technology applications.The book deals with important issues related to the development of science and technology in the field of application the laser beam for joining, surface treatment, coatings. However, the thematic scope is not limited only to mentioned issues. The scope of the book covers issues related to advances in computational modelling of heat sources in laser and arc processes, unique techniques of underwater welding or unique techniques of forced cooling the weld metal under solidification during arc welding or hybrid process of laser deposition under cryogenic conditions, microstructural and mechanical characterisation of coatings and joints produced by different welding technologies. The above book contains valuable information, both theoretical and practical research results in the field of advanced technologies of joining, surface treatment and coatings, quality control and assessment, as well as management of the technological processes. Therefore, I deeply believe that the book will be a valuable and helpful for young scientists, engineers, and students in the field of welding and surface engineering, materials science, and manufacturing engineering.
66. Diabetes in Sports and Exercise Medicine.
- Author
-
Jaggers, Jason R. and Jaggers, Jason R.
- Subjects
Medicine ,football ,sports ,prevalence ,diabetes mellitus ,physical activity ,pediatric ,clinical exercise ,sport medicine ,diabetes ,Nordic walking ,postmenopausal women ,fatty liver disease ,bone markers ,bone mineral density ,exercise ,resistance training ,menopause ,women ,type 1 diabetes ,Brain Breaks® ,video exercise ,decisional balance ,repeated measures ,A1C ,athletes ,blood glucose ,diet ,CGM ,type 2 diabetes mellitus ,diabetic neuropathy ,surface electromyography ,fatigue ,accelerometer ,hyperglycemia ,interval training ,blood pressure ,physical exercise ,heart rate ,cardiorespiratory fitness ,yoga ,muscle strength ,physical fitness ,maximal oxygen uptake ,VO2 max ,type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) ,adolescents ,exercise testing ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: This reprint focuses on exercise and physical activity research among people living with diabetes and covers a broad overview of exercise-related topics. These range from short-term effects of exercise and using daily activity measurements as vital signs in diabetes care centers to the health and fitness benefits of resistance and aerobic exercise training of all kinds, exercise prescription as a form of complementary medicine, as well as the challenges faced by children and/or adults regarding exercise programming at the community level. The goal was to cover a broad range of diabetes research, including all forms of diabetes mellitus across all life spans.
67. Diabetology: Feature Papers 2021.
- Author
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Clifton, Peter and Clifton, Peter
- Subjects
Medicine ,carpal tunnel syndrome ,ultrasound ,power doppler signal ,diabetes ,FINDRISC ,prediabetes ,metabolic syndrome ,young-adults ,N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) ,diabetic nephropathy ,chronic kidney disease (CKD) ,meta-analysis ,systematic review ,focus groups ,self-management of type 2 diabetes ,patients' experiences ,healthcare professionals ,middle-aged population ,type 1 diabetes ,autoimmune diseases ,pancreatic β-cells ,tolerance ,regulatory T cells ,immunotherapy ,insulin ,banting ,best ,MacLeod ,collip ,limited-resource countries (LRC) ,insulin pumps ,blood glucose monitoring ,continuous blood glucose sensors ,COVID-19 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,ACE2 ,TMPRSS2 ,mucormycosis ,COVID-associated mucormycosis (CAM) ,mucins ,Diabetic Keto Acidosis (DKA) ,Metabolic-Stress-Associated Interactome (MSAI) ,olfactory neurovascular niche ,serine proteases ,ferroptosis ,redox-iron stress ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: As Editor-in-Chief of the journal Diabetology, I am pleased to announce the Special Issue "Diabetology: Feature Papers 2021" is now published in book format. Diabetology (ISSN 2673-4540) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific open access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies related to epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, pathogenesis, management, complications, and prevention of diabetes, including the molecular, biochemical, and physiological aspects of diabetes. In this Special Issue, "Feature Papers", we aim to publish outstanding contributions in the main fields covered by the journal, which will make a great contribution to the community. This book covers the whole spectrum of diabetology from risk screening, risk markers, pathways of disease in type 1 diabetes and insulin treatment, and management of the disease and comorbidities.
68. Diabetology: Feature Papers 2022.
- Author
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Clifton, Peter and Clifton, Peter
- Subjects
Medicine ,Clinical & internal medicine ,older people ,diabetes mellitus ,management ,insulin therapy ,frailty ,sarcopenia ,type 1 diabetes ,type 2 diabetes ,insulin ,beta cell preservation ,verapamil ,thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) ,Chronic Care Model ,self-management of type 2 diabetes ,chronic disease ,healthcare system of Pakistan ,patients' quality of life ,obstructive sleep apnoea ,DM ,obesity ,inflammation ,polysomnography ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,COVID-19 ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,diabetes ,diabetic ketoacidosis ,DKA ,hyperglycemia ,mortality ,innate immunity ,cytokine storm ,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ,pancreatic β-cell damage ,pediatrics ,HbA1c ,telemedicine ,continuous glucose monitoring ,prediabetes ,liver enzymes ,rhenium (V) compound ,triglycerides ,NAFLD ,fructose ,injection technique ,lipohypertrophy ,sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors ,nocturia ,sodium intake ,key informant interviews ,prevention of type 2 diabetes ,National DPP ,DSMES ,telehealth ,provider experiences ,lipodystrophy ,clinical detection ,recommendations ,rehabilitation - Abstract
Summary: As Editor-in-Chief of the journal Diabetology, I am pleased to announce that the Special Issue "Diabetology: Feature Papers 2022" has now been published as a reprint. Diabetology (ISSN 2673-4540) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific open access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies related to the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, pathogenesis, management, complications, and prevention of diabetes, including the molecular, biochemical, and physiological aspects of diabetes. In this Special Issue, "Feature Papers", we aimed to publish outstanding contributions in the main fields covered by the journal, which will make a great contribution to the community. This reprint covers the whole spectrum of diabetology from risk screening, risk markers, pathways of disease in type 1 diabetes and insulin treatment, and management of the disease and comorbidities.
69. Diagnostic Challenges in Sports Cardiology.
- Author
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Malek, Lukasz, Postuła, Marek, and Malek, Lukasz
- Subjects
Medicine ,professional ultramarathon runner ,echocardiography ,electrocardiogram ,magnetic resonance imaging ,Cardiac 31P-MR spectroscopy ,blood tests ,running ,exercise ,marathon ,troponin ,risk factor ,AVNRT ,endurance training ,HRM ,triathlon ,exertion cardiac arrhythmia ,Holter ECG ,sudden cardiac arrest ,CPVT ,catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia ,genetic testing ,cardiovascular capacity ,performance ,cross-country skiing amateur ,heart ,vegan ,athletes' hearts ,runners ,diet ,biomarkers ,amateur ,sports cardiology ,microRNA ,endurance sport ,adaptive changes ,cardiac hypertrophy ,cardiac fibrosis ,asymptomatic preexcitation ,athlete ,WPW ,heart rate ,respiratory rate ,heart rate variability ,reliability ,repeatability ,modern penthatlon ,athletes ,heart rate monitor ,ECG ,portable/wearable monitoring system ,endurance running ,cycling ,long-term assessment ,arrhythmia ,exertion rhythm disorders ,QARDIO MD system ,modern pentathlon ,physiological state ,autonomic nervous system ,caffeine ,anabolic androgenic steroids ,heart disease ,cardiac magnetic resonance imaging ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: The foundations of sports cardiology include promoting physical activity and providing a safe environment for training and competition for all athletes at all levels, from professional to recreational. To combine these two aims, reliable tools to perform preparticipation screenings are needed. Moreover, those at high risk of potentially life-threatening events should be advised to limit their training load, while others should be reassured that there is no exercise-related cardiovascular risk. We are currently witnessing the advent of new portable devices for remote and mobile heart monitoring and several new and promising biochemical markers, which can support athletes' diagnostic processes. In this Special Issue of the Diagnostics journal entitled "Diagnostic Challenges in Sports Cardiology", we present a series of 13 manuscripts, including eight original works, three reviews, and two case reports, which give a glimpse into the current research topics in the area of sports cardiology.
70. Dietary Intake and Chronic Disease Prevention.
- Author
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Noce, Annalisa, Romani, Annalisa, Bernini, Roberta, and Noce, Annalisa
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Medicine ,diet quality ,cardiometabolic risk ,sugar-sweetened beverages ,food groups ,home food availability ,diabetes ,prediabetes ,healthy food ,unhealthy food ,healthy food availability ,bladder cancer ,case-control study ,dietary patterns ,diet ,factor analysis ,dietary energy ,macronutrient composition ,trend ,disparity ,subpopulation ,anaphylaxis ,asthma ,IgE ,leukotriene ,mast cell protease ,methylxanthines ,motor activity ,polyphenols ,temperature ,Theobroma cacao ,male obesity secondary hypogonadism (MOSH) syndrome ,ω-3 PUFA ,adipose tissue ,body weight ,testosterone ,lung function of healthy population ,difference of FEV1 ,macronutrient ,longitudinal study ,obese ,cardiovascular disease ,Mediterranean diet ,non-communicable disease ,obesity ,physical activity ,NMSC ,lifestyle ,smoking ,alcohol ,Mexican adults ,dietary fiber ,esophagus ,stomach and colorectal cancer ,nutrition ,refined grains ,whole grains ,chronic kidney disease ,dietary pattern ,eGFR ,Fukushima Health Management Survey ,proteinuria ,trajectory analysis ,sodium ,potassium ,arterial hypertension ,endothelial dysfunction ,organ damage ,caloric restriction diet ,intermittent fasting ,frailty ,vascular aging ,age related syndrome ,sarcopenia ,malnutrition ,hydrolysable tannins ,anthocyanins ,urinary tract infections ,quality of life ,cranberry ,Sweet Chestnut ,pasta ,carotenoids ,antioxidant compounds ,kidney health ,HPLC/DAD analyses ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: This reprint describes how lifestyle changes can impact the incidence and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases. In this context, regular physical activity and heathy nutritional habits are very important. Moreover, natural bioactive compounds could represent a new adjuvant therapy in the clinical management of these pathological conditions.
71. Digital innovation in Multiple Sclerosis Management.
- Author
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Ziemssen, Tjalf, Haase, Rocco, and Ziemssen, Tjalf
- Subjects
Medicine ,multiple sclerosis ,digital health ,eHealth ,intervention ,patient management ,chronic disease ,disease management ,Patient Reported Outcomes ,e-health ,app ,communication ,digital tools ,patient empowerment ,health information seeking ,user-centered design ,patient portal ,master's program ,education ,multiple sclerosis management ,Dresden International University ,digitization ,icompanion ,icobrain ,digital health technology ,mobile application ,patient reported outcomes ,magnetic resonance imaging ,mHealth ,telemonitoring ,longitudinal assessment ,rehabilitation ,fatigue ,walking ,cognition ,software as a medical device ,participatory health ,monitoring ,smartphone-based assessments ,clinical validation ,technical validation ,MS apps ,digital health solution development ,digital biomarkers ,AI ,(early) Health Technology Assessment ,home monitoring ,MS disease activity ,MS disease progression ,early detection ,disease modelling ,digital therapeutics ,gait analysis ,mobility ,digital tools and applications ,precision medicine ,personalized therapy ,big data ,digital twin ,relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) ,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ,brain MRI analysis software ,non-evidence of disease activity (NEDA) ,Markov model ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: Due to innovation in technology, a new type of patient has been created, the e-patient, characterized by the use of electronic communication tools and commitment to participate in their own care. The extent to which the world of digital health has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic has been widely recognized. Remote medicine has become part of the new normal for patients and clinicians, introducing innovative care delivery models that are likely to endure even if the pendulum swings back to some degree in a post-COVID age. The development of digital applications and remote communication technologies for patients with multiple sclerosis has increased rapidly in recent years. For patients, eHealth apps have been shown to improve outcomes and increase access to care, disease information, and support. For HCPs, eHealth technology may facilitate the assessment of clinical disability, analysis of lab and imaging data, and remote monitoring of patient symptoms, adverse events, and outcomes. It may allow time optimization and more timely intervention than is possible with scheduled face-to-face visits. The way we measure the impact of MS on daily life has remained relatively unchanged for decades, and is heavily reliant on clinic visits that may only occur once or twice each year.These benefits are important because multiple sclerosis requires ongoing monitoring, assessment, and management.The aim of this Special Issue is to cover the state of knowledge and expertise in the field of eHealth technology applied to multiple sclerosis, from clinical evaluation to patient education.
72. Digital Interventions in Mental Health: Current Status and Future Directions.
- Author
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Aboujaoude, Elias, Gega, Lina, Hilty, Donald M., Burke Parish, Michelle, and Aboujaoude, Elias
- Subjects
Medicine ,Psychiatry ,telemedicine ,digital mental health interventions ,virtual reality therapy ,artificial intelligence ,computerized cognitive behavior therapy ,telepsychiatry ,electronic health record - (EHR) ,internet addiction - Abstract
Summary: The imperative to increase healthcare access, efficiency and effectiveness is nearly impossible to meet without reliance on technology. Telemedicine tools now include video, e-mail, text messaging, apps, and other mobile health modalities, deployed synchronously, asynchronously and in hybrid combinations to offer assessment, consultation, direct treatment, and integrated care. Within telemedicine, mental health is particularly well suited to technology platforms due to several inherent factors: provider shortages that are often more acute than in other specialties; the relatively reduced need for laboratory tests, imaging studies and physical examinations; the stigma still attached to mental illness; and diagnosis-specific obstacles that can complicate in person visits (e.g., pronounced fear in social anxiety disorder). The need to increase access, efficiency and effectiveness, combined with the relative ease of translating mental health interventions to technology-mediated delivery, have led researchers to explore various platforms, including: computerized cognitive behavioral therapy; online psychotherapy and online psychopharmacology; mobile therapy; virtual/augmented reality exposure therapy; serious games; and artificial intelligence. Yet, despite often positive efficacy data and an ever more technology-reliant lifestyle, the reach of telemental health remains relatively limited in comparison with its potential. We aim to capture the current status of digital and telecommunications technologies in mental health and the field's future trends and directions. Recently published data-as well as newly introduced platforms-have put both the promise and challenges of telemental health in sharp focus, making this an opportune time to compile a collection of high-quality, evidence-based and diverse articles that touch on various aspects of this technology revolution. This Research Topic collects articles that examine digital mental health interventions across different platforms and modes of delivery. The scope is broad to reflect the richness of the field and the many questions it raises: standalone vs. supported models; comparisons with "traditional" modalities; psychotherapeutic vs. psychopharmacological interventions; efficacy; patient attrition; cost-effectiveness; ethical issues; and insurer and malpractice coverage.
73. Diseases of the Salivary Glands-Part II.
- Author
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Sisto, Margherita and Sisto, Margherita
- Subjects
Medicine ,xerostomia ,dry mouth ,protein-protein interaction ,drug target ,head and neck cancer ,Sjögren's Syndrome ,major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ,human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ,autoantigens ,T cells ,E-cadherins ,salivary glands ,morphogenesis ,EMT ,Sjögren's syndrome ,autoimmunity ,hydrogen peroxide ,adrenaline ,blood loss ,tonsillectomy ,fibrosis ,pleomorphic adenoma ,epithelial-mesenchymal transition ,carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma ,99mTc-interleukin-2 ,activated lymphocytes ,inflammation imaging ,Sjögren syndrome ,nuclear medicine ,radiopharmaceuticals ,PET ,SPECT ,Follistatin-like 1 protein ,TGF-β1 ,SMAD2/3 ,fluoride ,sodium fluoride ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: The year 2021 saw the publication of the Special Issue ""Diseases of the Salivary Glands" (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jcm/special_issues/Salivary_Glands), Part I, covering recent and novel advancements as well as future trends in the field of research evaluating diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of salivary gland (SGs) diseases. Given the enormous success of Part I, the Special Issue "Diseases of the Salivary Glands" Part II has been launched, with the firm belief that it will enrich the panorama of world research in this field. Topics include: 1) Clinical features and presentation of potentially malignant SG disorders; 2) Risk factors and etiopathogenesis of SGs tumors; 3) Etiopathogenesis and molecular mechanisms involved in the chronic inflammatory condition characterizing Sjӧgren's syndrome; 4) New discoveries in the field of micro RNAs associated with Sjӧgren's syndrome; 5) Molecular markers linked to development and progression of SG diseases: current knowledge and future implications; 6) More innovative techniques for the study of the SG diseases: current limitations and future directions.
74. Down Syndrome. Neuropsychological Phenotype across the Lifespan.
- Author
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Pulsifer, Margaret B. and Pulsifer, Margaret B.
- Subjects
Medicine ,Neurosciences ,trisomy 21 ,decoding ,vocabulary ,letters ,phonological awareness ,down syndrome ,fluency ,disfluency ,co-occurrence ,comorbidity ,language ,Down syndrome ,social cognition ,social behavior ,measurement ,children ,attention ,audiovisual processing ,communicative abilities in infants ,Trisomy 21 ,independence ,transition to adulthood ,proxy-report ,regression ,Alzheimer's disease ,biomarkers ,dementia ,cognition ,functional independence ,neuropsychological assessment ,primary care ,screening ,early regression ,idiopathic regression ,depression ,selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ,mild cognitive impairment ,cognitive decline ,neuropsychological tests ,cognitive function ,early-onset Alzheimer disease ,late-onset Alzheimer disease ,hypothyroidism ,thyroid autoantibodies ,TSH ,Free T4 ,APOE Ɛ4 ,autism spectrum disorder ,co-occurring ,prevalence ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: Down syndrome (DS), caused by the triplication of chromosome 21, is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability (ID). Individuals with DS commonly exhibit unique neuropsychological profiles that emerge during specific developmental stages across the lifespan, often characterized by early developmental delay, cognitive strengths and weaknesses, behavior and mental health issues, and age-related cognitive decline, frequently resulting in early-onset Alzheimer's disease. These profiles are unique compared to other individuals with ID and reflect the genetic mechanisms and neuroanatomic features underlying the distinct neuropsychological phenotype associated with DS. This Special Issue aims to highlight the recent advancements in understanding the neuropsychological phenotype associated with DS across the lifespan. The lifespan perspective will cover four developmental stages: (1) early childhood; (2) school age; (3) young adulthood, and (4) older adulthood. Authors contributed cutting-edge original research studies and comprehensive reviews that address a broad range of topics related to DS, including early developmental trajectories, cognitive functioning, language, adaptive skills, behavior and mental health, assessment and diagnosis, age-related cognitive decline, and medical issues related to the neuropsychological phenotype and neuroimaging.
75. Educators of Healthcare Professionals. Agreeing a Shared Purpose.
- Author
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Browne, Julie, Bullock, Alison, Parker, Samuel, Poletti, Chiara, Jenkins, John, and Gallen, Derek
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Education ,Educational: Personal, social & health education (PSHE) ,Medicine ,Vocational training ,Professionalism ,Educators ,Regulation & standards ,Interprofessional ,Research methods - Abstract
Summary: Healthcare education is a discipline in its own right, and while each profession has its own distinctive body of clinical knowledge, in educational terms there is much that all professions share. Yet recognition for the healthcare educator role is often lacking. A more collaborative approach to the professional development of healthcare educators is needed in response to this and also to the rise of interprofessional and multiprofessional teamworking. Not all healthcare professions have guidelines for training their educators, and those that do have slightly different standards, which can lead to misunderstanding and miscommunication. It is in the interest of all healthcare professions that their professional bodies work more closely together to consider how healthcare educators can be supported as a distinct body with unique expertise and skills. This monograph reports on an 18-month long research project - the Healthcare Educators' Values and Activities Study (HEVAS) - which aimed to establish the views of health professions educators, regulators, learned societies and professional bodies on the shared values and key activities undertaken by all healthcare professions educators. The project was funded by Health Education England and the Wales Deanery at Health Education and Improvement Wales. Nine central values and 24 activities were identified after a five-stage research process involving hundreds of participants drawn from over 20 healthcare professions. A variety of methods was used to establish a broad and clear consensus, demonstrating conclusively that healthcare professions educators share a strong set of values around the importance of professional healthcare education to safeguarding excellence in clinical practice and patient care, both now and for the future. While each profession develops its students, trainees and practitioners in its own way, the fundamental work of the healthcare educator is broadly similar, regardless of clinical specialty or profession. This new insight provides solid academic underpinning for multi-professional and interprofessional practice in healthcare education, and offers a new shared perspective on the future for healthcare education and healthcare educators.
76. eHealth - Making Health Care Smarter.
- Author
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Thomas F. Heston
- Subjects
Medicine ,Healthcare Informatics ,Engineering Technology in Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: eHealth has revolutionized health care and the practice of medicine. Internet technologies have given the most rural communities access to healthcare services, and automated computer algorithms are improving medical diagnoses and speeding up the delivery of care. Handheld apps, wearable devices, and artificial intelligence lead the way, creating a global healthcare solution that is smarter and more accessible. Read what leaders in the field are doing to advance the use of electronic technology to improve global health.
77. Embedded Pharmacists in Primary Care.
- Author
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MacKinnon III, PhD, Lamberton, PharmD, and MacKinnon III, PhD
- Subjects
Medicine ,diabetes ,hypertension ,dyslipidemia ,primary care ,family medicine ,comprehensive medication management ,primary health care ,pharmacy ,evidence-based pharmacy practice ,health outcomes ,academic ,dissemination ,practice transformation ,implementation science ,quality improvement ,pharmacist ,collaborative practice agreement ,patient care extender ,electronic health record ,electronic dashboard ,medical education ,graduate medical education ,interprofessional ,ambulatory pharmacy ,practice growth ,academic medical center ,innovative practice ,comprehensive medications management ,practice management ,ambulatory care ,clinical pharmacy ,chronic care management ,team-based primary care ,pharmacist in primary care ,n/a ,primary care team pharmacist ,pharmacist-physician collaboration ,interprofessional collaboration - Abstract
Summary: As healthcare delivery moves from a provider-centric approach to a more patient-centric approach, systems and payers need to reimagine how care and team-based care is delivered to patients and reimbursed. Thus, the goal should be to see the right patient, by the right provider, in the right place, for the right price, and where appropriate, with the use of the right pharmaceutical(s) - "5 P's". There continues to be a reduction in physicians that are pursuing primary care roles in the United States, thus exacerbating the ability to meet patient demand. Most patient encounters begin with or end with the prescribing of medication. Thus, a future where pharmacists are embedded in primary care settings allows these pharmacists to collaborate at the point-of-prescribing (i.e., in-clinic) and provides tremendous benefits to providers and patients. The pharmacist workforce is educated at the doctoral level, yet vastly underutilized and can assist in a collaborative approach in primary care. The collection of articles in the Special Issue "Embedded Pharmacists in Primary Care" highlight examples of models that have included pharmacists in the ambulatory setting providing services in chronic disease management, comprehensive medication management, and care of specific conditions such as diabetes.
78. Embolic Diseases - Unusual Therapies and Challenges.
- Author
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Michael S. Firstenberg
- Subjects
Medicine ,Surgery ,Abdominal Surgery ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Embolic complications of common, or sometimes uncommon, medical issues represent a significant management challenge. In addition, special populations might require unique approaches to prevention and primary disease management. Similarly, unusual embolic problems can manifest as both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Despite evolving guidelines to the prevention, diagnosis, and management of common diseases that can result in embolic complications, unfortunately, for many problems, such guidelines, randomized trials, or even recommendations based upon high-quality literature are lacking. Several chapters in this book are dedicated to summarizing the available data and experiences to help guide bedside care. The goal of this book is to emphasize some of the more unusual presentations and diagnostic and management aspects of embolic complications. The pathophysiologies and prevention strategies in unique patient populations are also emphasized. Clearly, a multidisciplinary team approach is critical to dealing with all aspects of these unusual and perplexing problems.
79. Emergencies and Public Health Crisis Management- Current Perspectives on Risks and Multiagency Collaboration.
- Author
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Khorram-Manesh, Amir, Burkle, Frederick M, and Khorram-Manesh, Amir
- Subjects
Medicine ,disasters ,healthcare workers ,hospital preparedness ,hospitals ,coronavirus (COVID-19) ,public-private partnerships (PPPs) triage ,crisis management ,resilience ,exercises ,learning ,inter-organisational ,off-shore ,on-shore ,emergencies ,collaboration ,cycle of expansive learning ,full-scale exercises ,major incident ,organizational learning ,preparedness ,underground mine ,capacity ,community ,crisis ,disaster ,flexible ,surge ,management ,flexible surge capacity ,leadership ,Thailand ,3LC ,utility ,ecoterrorism ,environmental extremism ,animal-rights extremism ,deep ecology ,ecologically motivated violence ,critical infrastructure ,drinking water ,risk management ,risk reduction ,interaction ,concurrent learning ,exercise ,unforeseen ,COVID-19 ,nurse ,job engagement ,social support ,emergency ,healthcare ,readiness ,public health ,urgent care centre ,emergency department ,length of stay ,surge capacity ,Sweden ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: The successful management of emergencies and public health crises depends on adequate measures being implemented at all levels of the emergency chain of action, from policy makers to the general population. It starts with appropriate risk assessment, prevention, and mitigation and continues to prehospital and hospital care, recovery, and evaluation. All levels of action require well-thought out emergency management plans and routines based on established command and control, identified safety issues, functional communication, well-documented triage and treatment policies, and available logistics. All these characteristics are capabilities that should be developed and trained, particularly when diverse agencies are involved. In addition to institutional responses, a robust, community-based disaster response system can effectively mitigate and respond to all emergencies. A well-balanced response is largely dependent on local resources and regional responding agencies that all too often train and operate within "silos", with an absence of interagency cooperation. The importance of this book issue is its commitment to all parts of emergency and public health crisis management from a multiagency perspective. It aims to discuss lessons learned and emerging risks, introduce new ideas about flexible surge capacity, and show the way it can practice multiagency collaboration.
80. Emergency Medicine and Trauma.
- Author
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Ozgur Karcioglu and Müge Günalp Eneyli
- Subjects
Medicine ,Emergency Medicine ,Pre-Hospital Emergency Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: From prehospital evaluation to management in the emergency department,""Emergency Medicine and Trauma"" provides easily accessible information on the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of trauma care. Recognition of the multidisciplinary nature and complexity of trauma care, especially the philosophy of a teamwork approach, must be an integral part of trauma management. To help make logical diagnoses and treatment plans , you will learn: The use of a structured and prioritized approach to critically ill and injured patients according to the clinical need and assessment of acuity level; How to establish resuscitation (management) priorities in a multiply injured patient; How to demonstrate the ability to adopt a holistic (multidisciplinary, biopsychosocial) approach to trauma patients. The role of the emergency department and its staff in major incidents, to understand planning and be prepared for major incidents. This book is designed not only for emergency medical providers but also for medical students.
81. Emerging Role of Lipids in Metabolism and Disease.
- Author
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Pallottini, Valentina, Segatto, Marco, and Pallottini, Valentina
- Subjects
Medicine ,neutral sphingomyelinase ,radiation ,sphingomyelin metabolism ,pathology ,cell signaling ,brain ,adipose tissue ,breast cancer ,epinephrine ,breast reconstruction ,epicardial fat thickness ,visceral fat thickness ,high-sensitivity c-reactive protein ,leptin ,gender ,female ,hippocampus ,frontal cortex ,adiponectin ,haptoglobin ,lipocalin ,BDNF ,synaptic proteins ,phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ,phospholipase C ,cholesterol ,high-cholesterol diet ,BET proteins ,cell proliferation ,epigenetics ,HMGCR ,JQ1 ,LDLr ,lipid metabolism ,SREBP ,TMEM97 ,atherosclerosis ,diabetes mellitus ,cardiovascular disease ,chronic inflammation ,hyperglycemia ,mutations ,lipid ,fatty acid ,glyceride ,steroid ,phospholipid ,oral drug absorption ,prodrug ,phospholipase A2 (PLA2) ,acid sphingomyelinase ,SOD ,liver ,eicosanoids ,ischemic stroke ,ischemia ,lipoproteins ,polyunsaturated fatty acids ,angiogenesis ,high-density lipoprotein ,endothelial cell ,metabolism ,metabolic reprogramming ,pulmonary fibrosis ,lipid mediators ,sphingolipids ,sphingosine-1-phosphate ,sphingosine kinase 1 ,prostaglandins ,lysophosphatidic acid ,autotaxin ,G-protein coupled receptors ,lysocardiolipin acyltransferase ,phospholipase D ,oxidized phospholipids ,DNA damage response ,double strand breaks ,ATM ,ionizing radiation ,metabolic stress ,oxidative stress ,p53 ,nuclear sphingolipids ,lipophagy ,lipolysis ,lipid droplets ,lipid storage diseases ,lipid metabolism diseases ,mTORC1 ,TFEB ,Cholesterol ,Fatty acids ,Lipid mediators ,Lipids ,Lipophagy ,Sphingolipids - Abstract
Summary: Even though initially considered as a passive means for storing energy, lipids are now regarded as multifaceted molecules with crucial structural and functional activities. For instance, some of them play essential roles as key components of cell membranes whereas others act as signaling molecules in the regulation of cell homeostasis. In recent years, lipid research has attracted increasing interest because of the involvement of this class of compounds in human health. Indeed, a plethora of pathological conditions are characterized by alterations in lipid metabolism, such as cardiovascular diseases and brain disorders. This Special Issue is a collection of papers from different experts in lipid research, with the aim of providing new insights into the physiopathological involvement of lipids and their impact on human health. This collection also demonstrates the usefulness of interdisciplinary approaches in the development of novel methods to study and manipulate lipid metabolism, which may represent an attractive target for designing effective therapeutic strategies to counteract numerous pathologies.
82. Environmental, Health and Economic Conditions during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Lamichhane, Dirga and Lamichhane, Dirga
- Subjects
Medicine ,Epidemiology & medical statistics ,coronavirus disease ,artificial neural networks ,SARS-CoV-2 ,ventilator ,index development index ,developing country ,Covid-19 ,population density ,Covid-19 mortality ,economic recovery ,population reduction ,China ,Saudi Arabia ,Henry Kissinger ,economic burden ,influenza-like illness ,healthcare-seeking behaviors ,air pollution ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,Greece ,GreenYourAir ,fine particulate matter ,COVID-19 ,dentistry ,pandemic ,dentist ,protective equipment ,economy resilience ,economy resistance ,economy restoration ,photochemical smog ,respiratory disorders ,prevalence ,occupational health ,infection ,trade protectionism ,economy ,energy ,input-output model ,public health crisis ,ESG ,stock price volatility ,avoid risk ,psychological distress ,depression symptoms ,anxiety symptoms ,financial variables ,COVID-19 pandemic ,district-level analysis ,risk factors ,Nepal - Abstract
Summary: The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has evolved as a global pandemic and the disease has affected nearly every country and region. This pandemic has posed further threats to people due to the emergence of the number of novel SARS-CoV-2 strains with unknown original hosts. Since the start of the pandemic, COVID-19 has overwhelmed health systems worldwide, from crippling health resources to causing paradigms shifts in health care delivery. The various strategies taken to control viral transmission including testing process, quarantine and isolation have had dire psychological and financial implications on individuals and institutions. Furthermore, many countries have implemented lockdowns and other restrictions to curb the virus's spread resulted in disrupted formal education, unplanned fiscal costs on emergency reliefs, and decreased productivity. This Special Issue provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to better understand the risk factors associated with the spread and severity of COVID-19 infections. It also provides information about the influence of COVID-19 and its countermeasures on local economies, the environment, and mental health. This Special Issue contains 11 research articles and one review.
83. EPR Effect-Based Tumor Targeted Nanomedicine.
- Author
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Maeda, Hiroshi and Maeda, Hiroshi
- Subjects
Medicine ,Oncology ,extracellular matrix ,drug delivery ,tumor ,cancer ,targeting ,reactive oxygen species ,antioxidant ,self-assembling drug ,HPMA copolymers ,EPR effect ,controlled release ,nanomedicines ,nanoparticles ,tumor vascular regulation ,angiogenesis ,blood perfusion ,vascular permeability ,tumor targeting ,photodynamic ,hyaluronan ,zinc protoporphyrin ,enhanced permeability and retention effect ,cancer therapy ,nanotechnology ,tumor-selective drug delivery ,photodynamic therapy ,boron neutron capture therapy ,isosorbide dinitrate ,sildenafil citrate ,EPR-effect enhancers ,heterogeneity of the EPR effect ,nitric oxide donors ,tumor blood flow ,TNBC ,dasatinib ,poly(styrene-co-maleic acid) micelles ,nanoformulation ,metabolism ,EPR ,nanomedicine ,targeted therapy ,solid cancer ,microenvironment ,hypoxia ,DDS ,anaerobic bacteria ,Bifidobacterium ,bacterial therapy ,iDPS ,EPR-based therapy ,passive targeting ,heterogeneity ,solid-tumor ,EPR-imaging techniques ,sildenafil ,phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors ,drug repurposing ,chemoadjuvant ,arterial infusion ,canine cancer ,particle beam therapy ,proton beam therapy ,carbon-ion beam therapy ,combination therapy ,iNaD ,siRNA ,microRNA ,calcium phosphate ,PEG blending ,cancer treatment ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: I am honored to undertake the work for Guest Editor for this Special Issue of EPR Effect-Based Tumor Targeted Nanomedicine for the Journal of Personalized Medicine. It has already been 35 years since we published the concept of the EPR effect for the first time. The discovery of the new concept of EPR effect gave an impetus effect of growth momentum in nanomedicine, and numerous works are focused on tumor delivery, although the initial idea was based on vascular permeability in infection-induced inflamed tissue, where we discovered bradykinin in the key mediator of vascular permeability.I know, however, there are pros and cons to EPR effect. Cons stem either from a poor understanding of EPR effect, or somehow a biased view of the EPR effect, or from the tumor models being used, particularly in the clinical settings where vascular blood flow is so frequently obstructed. I hope scientists in the clinic, or basic researchers working on the tumor drug delivery, will join the forum of this Special Issue and express their data and opinions.The scope of this issue includes an in-depth understanding of the EPR effect, and issues associated with tumor microenvironment and also further exploitation of EPR effect in human cancer. In addition, new strategies for enhancement of the EPR effect using nanomedicine will be welcome, which is as important as the EPR effect itself. These papers cover not only cancer therapy, but also imaging techniques using nanofluorescent agents, including photodynamic therapy for inflammation, and boron neutron capture therapy.
84. Essentials of Accident and Emergency Medicine.
- Author
-
Ahmed Subhy Alsheikhly
- Subjects
Medicine ,Emergency Medicine ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: As physicians, we have a constant passion for improving and maintaining patient's care and safety. The book is divided into three parts focusing on the essentials of general concepts, diagnosis, and management of accident and emergency medicine, as well as an academic approach to teaching in the emergency setting. The chapters selected for this book are written by an excellent group of recognized emergency surgeons and physicians from different countries and cultures facilitating a comprehensive and interesting approach to the problems of emergency treatment. We hope this book will be helpful and used worldwide by medical students, clinicians, and researchers enhancing their knowledge and advancing their objectives by a book that intends to become a reference text for research and practice within accident and emergency medicine.
85. Essentials of Spinal Cord Injury Medicine.
- Author
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Yannis Dionyssiotis
- Subjects
Medicine ,Critical Care Medicine ,Traumatology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Spinal cord injury is a severe condition leading to serious neurological dysfunctions and changes a person's life in a sudden way. Understanding the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury will improve the prognosis and reintegration to the society of spinal cord-injured subjects. The book Essentials in Spinal Cord Injury Medicine includes seven chapters with valuable information addressing hot topics related to spinal cord injury, ranging from pathophysiology, nontraumatic spinal cord injury, complications to exoskeletons, and research therapies with mesenchymal stem cells. The book could be a valued reference for physiatrists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, neurologists and physical therapists.
86. Evolving Strategies in Peritoneal Dialysis.
- Author
-
Edward T. Zawada and Jr.
- Subjects
Medicine ,Nephrology ,Urology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Evolving Strategies in Peritoneal Dialysis is intended as a concise compilation of articles designed to understand the basics of the current practice of the most cost-effective form of life support for patients with end-stage renal disease who require dialysis. Current strategies are understood best with a review of the historical development of catheter materials, solution packaging, and simplified machinery, which allow safe and effective nocturnal treatments. Quantitation of the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis is also reviewed because such calculations were also developed by the pioneers of nephrology to ensure adequacy of dialysis and daily fluid balance, which are responsible for the best chance for long-term patient survival. Comparison of methods for catheter placement is presented as well as the role that a dialysis center plays in the health and success of this form of end-stage renal disease patient care. The novel concept of assisted peritoneal dialysis for the infirm or institutionalized patients is probably the next direction needed to make available this treatment to many more patients than are currently eligible to receive it. This concept is explored in a separate chapter. Finally, professional dialysis staff must monthly assess individuals' nutritional status, bone health, and infection prevention and treatment to ensure the greatest functional status for these patients. This book concludes with a review of each of these topics to expand the mandatory monthly surveillance performed by dialysis centers for each patient who receives home peritoneal dialysis therapy.
87. Exercise in Pediatric Medicine.
- Author
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Takken, Tim, Timmons, Brian W., and Takken, Tim
- Subjects
Medicine ,Paediatric medicine ,fitness ,exercise is medicine ,exercise testing ,exercise training ,sport ,physical activity ,health promotion - Abstract
Summary: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
88. Existential Medicine. Essays on Health and Illness.
- Author
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Aho, Kevin and Aho, Kevin
- Subjects
Medicine ,medical science; philosophy; health care - Abstract
Summary: Existential Medicine explores the recent impact that the philosophies of existentialism, phenomenology, and hermeneutics have had on the health care professions. A growing body of scholarship drawing primarily on the work of Martin Heidegger and other influential twentieth-century figures such as Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Hans-Georg Gadamer has shaped contemporary research in the fields of bioethics, narrative medicine, gerontology, enhancement medicine, psychiatry and psychotherapy, and palliative care, among others. By regarding the human body as a decontextualized object, the prevailing paradigm of medical science often overlooks the body as it is lived. As a result, it fails to critically engage the experience of illness and the core questions of 'what it means' and 'what it feels like' to be ill. With work from emerging and renowned scholars in the field, this collection aims to shed light on these issues and the crucial need for clinicians to situate the experience of illness within the context of a patient's life-world. To this end, Existential Medicine offers a valuable resource for philosophers and medical humanists as well as health care practitioners.
89. Extension of Healthy Life Span of Dialysis Patients in the Era of a 100-Year Life.
- Author
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Inaba, Masaaki, Mori, Katsuhiko, and Inaba, Masaaki
- Subjects
Medicine ,hypertension ,body weight ,mortality ,sodium ,dialysis ,malnutrition ,protein energy wasting (PEW) ,sarcopenia ,carnitine ,carnitine deficiency ,end-stage kidney disease ,peritoneal dialysis ,hemodialysis ,frailty ,protein energy wasting ,hypercatabolism ,renal rehabilitation ,exercise ,sarcopenia and frailty ,nutritional support ,protein synthesis ,muscle physiology ,physical activity ,exercise tolerance ,quality of life ,skeletal muscle ,aging ,chronic kidney disease ,diabetes ,CKD-MBD ,FGF23 ,aKlotho ,phosphate-binder ,zinc ,cardiovascular disease ,potassium ,potassium excretion ,blood pressure ,salt ,CKD ,fat mass ,visceral fat ,subcutaneous fat ,nutrition ,body mass index ,obesity paradox ,magnetic resonance imaging ,diffusion tensor imaging ,arterial spin labeling ,blood oxygenation level-dependent ,nutritional status ,dialysis patients ,clinical malnutrition ,older individuals ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: Malnutrition is becoming a more prominent health problem, with an increasing number of elderly CKD patients being put on dialysis. In addition, the presence of inflammation, sarcopenia/frailty, diabetes, and CVD is a definite and independent risk factor associated with higher mortality in this population. Although the restriction of protein intake has been recommended to protect eGFR decline, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperkalemia in CKD patients, it might accelerate the loss of skeletal muscle and adipose mass, leading to a poor prognosis. Therefore, flexible responses are considered regarding whether protein restriction should be continued or loosened in pre-dialysis CKD patients. In undernourished elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis, sufficient calorie/protein intake is necessary to counteract the development of sarcopenia/frailty. It is expected that the application of new drugs including phosphate binders and potassium chelators may achieve both a high enough intake and balanced levels of phosphate and potassium. Furthermore, the improvement of deficient micronutrients and poor appetite is also necessary. Comprehensive care is essential for the wellbeing of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis. The topicof this Special Issue is "Extension of Healthy Life Span of Dialysis Patients in the Era of a 100-Year Life".
90. Feature Paper in Antibiotics for 2019.
- Author
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Lipman, Jeffrey and Lipman, Jeffrey
- Subjects
Medicine ,Antimicrobial resistance ,antibiotics ,antimicrobial stewardship ,inappropriate prescribing ,days of therapy ,Start Smart then Focus ,piperine ,piperlongumine ,antibacterial ,antifungal ,synergy ,non-target feed ,florfenicol ,thiamfenicol ,chloramfenicol ,HPLC-MS/MS ,validation ,swine ,out-of-hours care ,primary care ,quality of care ,quality indicators ,practitioners cooperative ,antibiotic stewardship ,fluoroquinolones ,guidelines ,urinary tract infections ,quality improvement ,general practitioners ,guideline ,health inequalities ,health equity assessment tool ,public health ,Enterobacteriaceae ,carbapenem-resistant ,CRE ,antibiotic resistance ,antimicrobials ,bacteriophages ,biofilms ,novel antimicrobials ,Antibiotics ,resistance ,broad-spectrum agents ,hospital epidemiology ,antibiotic utilization ,infection control ,infection prevention ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Acinetobacter baumannii ,extended-spectrum beta-lactamases ,carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae ,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,clinical trials ,infectious disease ,phage therapy ,silver complexes ,camphorimine ,anti-Candida activity ,antifungals ,antibacterials ,efflux inhibitors ,efflux pumps ,erm(41) ,mutations ,mycobacteria ,verapamil ,actinomycetes ,bioactivity ,polyketides ,polyketide synthases ,biosynthesis ,antimicrobial resistance ,economic evaluation ,cost-utility analysis ,cost-effectiveness analysis ,policy analysis ,One Health ,Singapore ,antibiotic prescribing ,implementation ,behavior change ,stakeholder consultation ,n/a - Abstract
Summary: There has been much speculation about a possible antibiotic Armageddon; this would be the result of having untreatable post-operative infections, and similarly untreatable complications after chemotherapy. The now famous "O'Neill Report" (https://amr-review.org/) suggests that more people could die from resistant bacterial infections by 2050 than from cancer. We are still learning about all the subtle drivers of antibiotic resistance, and realizing that we need a single "whole of health" co-ordinated policy. We ingest what we sometimes feed to animals. There do not seem to be any new classes of antibiotics on our horizon. Perhaps something that has been around "forever" will come to our rescue-bacteriophages! Nevertheless, we have to do things differently, use antibiotics appropriately, for the correct indication, for the correct duration and with the correct dose, and with that, practice good antibiotic stewardship. Whilst by no means comprehensive, this book does cover some of the many topics of antibiotic stewardship. It also addresses some of the older antibiotics, some new combinations, and even some new agents. Last, and by no means least, there are two excellent articles on bacteriophages.
91. Fractal Analysis - Applications in Health Sciences and Social Sciences.
- Author
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Fernando Brambila
- Subjects
Medicine ,Public Health ,Health Care ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: Fractal analysis has entered a new era. The applications to different areas of knowledge have been surprising. Benoit Mandelbrot, creator of fractal geometry, would have been surprised by the use of fractal analysis presented in this book. Here we present the use of fractal geometry, in particular, fractal analysis in two sciences: health sciences and social sciences and humanities. Part 1 is Health Science. In it, we present the latest advances in cardiovascular signs, kidney images to determine cancer growth, EEG signals, magnetoencephalography signals, and photosensitive epilepsy. We show how it is possible to produce ultrasonic lenses or even sound focusing. In Part 2, we present the use of fractal analysis in social sciences and humanities. It includes anthropology, hierarchical scaling, human settlements, language, fractal dimension of different cultures, cultural traits, and Mesoamerican complexity. And in Part 3, we present a few useful tools for fractal analysis, such as graphs and correlation, self-affine and self-similar graphs, and correlation function. It is impossible to picture today's research without fractal geometry.
92. Fragility Fracture Nursing. Holistic Care and Management of the Orthogeriatric Patient.
- Author
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Hertz, Karen, Santy-Tomlinson, Julie, and Hertz, Karen
- Subjects
Geriatric medicine ,Orthopaedics & fractures ,Nursing management & leadership ,Medicine ,Nursing administration ,Geriatrics ,Orthopedics - Abstract
Summary: This open access book aims to provide a comprehensive but practical overview of the knowledge required for the assessment and management of the older adult with or at risk of fragility fracture. It considers this from the perspectives of all of the settings in which this group of patients receive nursing care. Globally, a fragility fracture is estimated to occur every 3 seconds. This amounts to 25 000 fractures per day or 9 million per year. The financial costs are reported to be: 32 billion EUR per year in Europe and 20 billon USD in the United States. As the population of China ages, the cost of hip fracture care there is likely to reach 1.25 billion USD by 2020 and 265 billion by 2050 (International Osteoporosis Foundation 2016). Consequently, the need for nursing for patients with fragility fracture across the world is immense. Fragility fracture is one of the foremost challenges for health care providers, and the impact of each one of those expected 9 million hip fractures is significant pain, disability, reduced quality of life, loss of independence and decreased life expectancy. There is a need for coordinated, multi-disciplinary models of care for secondary fracture prevention based on the increasing evidence that such models make a difference. There is also a need to promote and facilitate high quality, evidence-based effective care to those who suffer a fragility fracture with a focus on the best outcomes for recovery, rehabilitation and secondary prevention of further fracture. The care community has to understand better the experience of fragility fracture from the perspective of the patient so that direct improvements in care can be based on the perspectives of the users. This book supports these needs by providing a comprehensive approach to nursing practice in fragility fracture care. ; Provides a comprehensive discussion of nursing the frail older person with a fragility fracture across Europe Based on a two-day workshop of like-minded specialist and advanced nurses from over 20 countries Acts as the course text/reader for a Europe-wide education programme in all relevant settings (Emergency Department, Fracture Clinic, Trauma Unit, Orthopaedic Ward, Rehabilitation setting) Open Access
93. From Residential Care to Supported Housing.
- Author
-
Barbato, Angelo, Ann Harvey, Carol, Lesage, Alain, D'Avanzo, Barbara, Maone, Antonio, and Barbato, Angelo
- Subjects
Medicine ,Psychiatry ,mental health services ,community care ,psychosocial rehabilitation ,community residential facilities ,supported housing - Abstract
Summary: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
94. Functional Foods as a New Therapeutic Strategy.
- Author
-
Cruz-Chamorro, Ivan and Cruz-Chamorro, Ivan
- Subjects
Medicine ,goji berry ,functional foods ,antioxidant ,health ,antibacterial ,health promotion ,chitosan ,high-fat diet ,hyperlipidemia ,dyslipidemia ,cardiovascular diseases ,obesity ,Basidiomycetes-X (BDM-X) ,Shirayukidake ,Ceraceomyces tessulatus ,Mibyou ,Mibyou-care functional food ,healthy lifespan expenditure ,buckwheat ,fava bean ,hemp ,anthocyanin ,flour fortification ,functional food ,berries ,soft fruit ,agricultural waste ,bilberry ,anti-allergy ,Coriandrum sativum L. ,cedar pollen ,degranulation ,RBL-2H3 cell ,coriander leaf ,antioxidants ,aging theories ,cohort study ,healthy diet ,longevity ,nutraceuticals ,oxidative stress ,reactive oxygen species ,senescence ,vitamins ,fruit ,food ,sugar ,athlete ,comfort ,mucilages ,ecological functions ,human and animal health-promoting properties ,application in agriculture ,genes ,nutritional components ,quercetin ,docosahexaenoic acid ,pectin ,polymeric conjugate ,biological properties ,anti-inflammation ,antioxidant activity ,chronic disease ,diabetes ,phenols ,testa ,prebiotic ,alginate ,alginate oligosaccharides ,intestinal microbiota ,microbial metabolites ,short-chain fatty acids ,colon simulation ,European black elderberry extract ,natural substance ,anthocyanins ,phenolic compounds ,SARS-CoV-2 ,antiviral ,COVID-19 ,coronavirus ,SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern ,microalgae ,mitochondria ,PUFA ,carotenoids ,sterols ,polyphenols ,chronic diseases - Abstract
Summary: The articles discussed in this reprint show the potential health benefits of nutraceuticals, which are products containing bioactive compounds that can prevent and treat chronic diseases. This book explores various functional ingredients, including plant-derived products, mushrooms, microalgae, and goji berries, for their therapeutic, hypoallergenic, and sporting purposes. The study of the gut microbiome and its interactions with dietary components is also discussed. Additionally, the importance of sustainable and environmentally friendly practices in the food industry also stands out. As consumers seek out natural and functional food products, continued research on and the development of nutraceuticals will be critical in promoting healthy aging and addressing chronic diseases.
95. GeoHumanities and Health.
- Author
-
Atkinson, Sarah, Hunt, Rachel, and Atkinson, Sarah
- Subjects
Historical geography ,Medicine ,GeoHumanities ,health - Abstract
Summary: This volume brings together research in the GeoHumanities from various intellectual perspectives to illustrate the benefits of humanities-inspired approaches in understanding and confronting historically entrenched and recently emergent health-related challenges. In three main sections, this volume seeks to foreground the richness of work entangling medicine and health with the concerns of geography and of the Humanities. This volume will be of interest to academics and researchers in the Geographies of health and medicine, social sciences in GeoHumanities, and health humanities, and students in programs focusing on the humanities and health. In the book's first section, Bodies, the authors explore the material, sensory and more than physical capacities of bodies in accounting for experiences of death, air raids, immigration, dance therapy, asthma and blindness. Section two, Voice, addresses the nature of evidence, HIV/AIDS policy, patient voices in animal research, homelessness, and constructions of truth. The final section, Practice, focuses on creative writing, as well as the pedagogic tools of teaching with the asylum, the creative practice of nuclear emergency planning zones, arts-based care for the elderly, and cartographic practices within health research.
96. Growth, Somatic Maturation and Their Impact on Physical Health and Sports Performance.
- Author
-
Campa, Francesco, Greco, Gianpiero, and Campa, Francesco
- Subjects
Medicine ,Growth ,Body ,composition ,Exercise ,training ,Injury ,risk ,Physical ,health ,Somatic ,maturation ,Youth ,athletes ,performance - Abstract
Summary: A total of 11 manuscripts focused on different topics related to youth and sports practice are published in this book. Three papers focus on aspects of physical performance, five papers provide innovative findings in relation to anthropometry and body composition features, one paper examines the difficulties in running online physical education classes in the context of COVID-19, and two focus on the influence of training strategies on muscle strength and blood pressure.
97. Hair and Scalp Disorders.
- Author
-
Server Serdaroglu and Zekayi Kutlubay
- Subjects
Medicine ,Dermatology ,Trichology ,Health Sciences - Abstract
Summary: This textbook contains the latest advances and scientific knowledge from the leading experts in hair biology, hair disorders, and clinical trichology. The book consists of ten sections in which hair biology, hair genetics, hair diagnostics, hair loss types, pathogenesis, treatment options, and restoration techniques are discussed. This book also emphasizes on various genetic and nongenetic alopecia types, differential diagnosis, and the measurement of hair loss. One chapter of the book is devoted to natural products for hair care and treatment. We believe that this textbook will serve as a comprehensive guide to many physicians dealing with hair disorders in their clinical practice.
98. Handbook of Primary Care Ethics.
- Author
-
Spicer, John, Papanikitas, Andrew, and Spicer, John
- Subjects
Medicine ,Medical ethics & professional conduct - Abstract
Summary: This enterprising collection spans the breadth of primary care in multiple ways. Contributions from general practitioners, philosophers, nurses, physiotherapists, dentists, health economists, educationalists, patients and others reflect the rich variety that makes up primary care. Authors embrace the uncertainty inherent in the day-to-day reality of primary care, and practical advice sits alongside heartfelt accounts of issues that challenge practitioners. There is something here for everyone, whether the reader is looking for guidance on duties in primary care, a framework for analysing a difficult consultation, insights into the voice of the patient, or an understanding of the economics of primary care.
99. Health and Wellbeing in Late Life. Perspectives and Narratives from India.
- Author
-
Chatterjee, Prasun
- Subjects
Age groups: the elderly ,Health psychology ,Geriatric medicine ,Medicine ,Geriatrics ,Aging - Abstract
Summary: This open access book takes a multidisciplinary approach to provide a holistic understanding of late old age, and situates the aged person within the context of family, caregivers, clinical and other institutions. All through the book, the author discusses preparedness for an aging individual as well as the society in the Indian context. The book highlights inevitable but mostly neglected health issues like depression, dementia, fall, and frailty and provides detailed analyses of solutions that are practicable in low resource settings. It also brings up intergenerational differences and harmony in the context of holistic care of older Indians. Alongside clinical perspectives, the book uses narratives of elderly patients to dwell on the myriad of problems and issues that constitute old age healthcare. Demonstrating cases that range from the most influential to the most underprivileged elderly in India, the book enlightens multiple caregivers-doctors, nurses, and professional caregivers as well as family members-about the dynamic approach required in dealing with complex issues related to late old age. The narratives make the book relatable and interesting to non-academic readers, with important lessons for gerontological and geriatric caregiving. It is also of use to older adults in preparing for active aging.
100. Hemorheology and Metabolism.
- Author
-
Nemeth, Norbert and Nemeth, Norbert
- Subjects
Medicine ,Medical study & revision guides & reference material ,hypercholesterolemia ,rabbit model ,hemorheology ,atherosclerosis ,autophagy ,apoptosis ,ischemia-reperfusion ,cold preservation ,mucosal injury ,small bowel grafts ,limb ischemia-reperfusion ,metabolites ,ischemic pre-conditioning ,ischemic post-conditioning ,interval exercise ,oxygen uptake (VO2) ,cardiac output (CO) ,oxygen availability (HHb/VO2) ,near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) ,ischemia-reperfusion injury ,molecular probes ,oxidative stress ,mesenteric ischemia ,viscosity ,red blood cell aggregation ,diabetes ,insulin ,metformin ,sulfonylureas ,executive function ,mental health ,brain-derived neurotrophic factor ,insulin-like growth factor-1 ,vascular endothelial growth factor ,neurogenesis ,angiogenesis ,cerebral blood flow ,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate ,COVID-19 ,platelet ,IPF ,hemostasis ,aggregometry ,viscoelastic test ,physical activity ,training ,sport ,RBC aggregation ,glucose ,poloxamer 188 ,erythrocyte deformability ,metabolism ,hormones ,homeostasis ,eryptosis ,stress ,sleep apnea ,intestinal transplantation ,rejection ,biomarkers ,enzymes ,chromogranin A - Abstract
Summary: This e-book version of the Special Issue "Hemorheology and Metabolites" has been dedicated to the novel findings and recent advances in hemorheology, presenting clinical or clinically oriented experimental research and review articles in the context of metabolites, metabolic alterations and blood macro- and micro-rheology.
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