11 results on '"Chen, Yeng"'
Search Results
2. Standardization of Cassia spectabilis with Respect to Authenticity, Assay and Chemical Constituent Analysis
- Author
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Angeline Torey, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Chen Yeng, and Lachimanan Yoga Latha
- Subjects
Cassia spectabilis ,standardization ,microscopy ,medicinal plants ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Quality control standardizations of the various medicinal plants used in traditional medicine is becoming more important today in view of the commercialization of formulations based on these plants. An attempt at standardization of Cassia spectabilis leaf has been carried out with respect to authenticity, assay and chemical constituent analysis. The authentication involved many parameters, including gross morphology, microscopy of the leaves and functional group analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The assay part of standardization involved determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract which could help assess the chemical effects and establish curative values. The MIC of the C. spectabilis leaf extracts was investigated using the Broth Dilution Method. The extracts showed a MIC value of 6.25 mg/mL, independent of the extraction time. The chemical constituent aspect of standardization involves quantification of the main chemical components in C. spectabilis. The GCMS method used for quantification of 2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione in the extract was rapid, accurate, precise, linear (R2 = 0.8685), rugged and robust. Hence this method was suitable for quantification of this component in C. spectabilis. The standardization of C. spectabilis is needed to facilitate marketing of medicinal plants, with a view to promoting the export of valuable Malaysian Traditional Medicinal plants such as C. spectabilis.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Green Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Characterization, Properties and Biomedical Applications.
- Author
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Jing, Hong Hui, Bardakci, Fevzi, Akgöl, Sinan, Kusat, Kevser, Adnan, Mohd, Alam, Mohammad Jahoor, Gupta, Reena, Sahreen, Sumaira, Chen, Yeng, Gopinath, Subash C. B., and Sasidharan, Sreenivasan
- Subjects
QUANTUM dots ,CARBON nanofibers ,EVIDENCE gaps ,GREEN technology ,SUSTAINABLE chemistry ,CARBON ,MEDICINAL plants - Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a new category of crystalline, quasi-spherical fluorescence, "zero-dimensional" carbon nanomaterials with a spatial size between 1 nm to 10 nm and have gained widespread attention in recent years. Green CDs are carbon dots synthesised from renewable biomass such as agro-waste, plants or medicinal plants and other organic biomaterials. Plant-mediated synthesis of CDs is a green chemistry approach that connects nanotechnology with the green synthesis of CDs. Notably, CDs made with green technology are economical and far superior to those manufactured with physicochemical methods due to their exclusive benefits, such as being affordable, having high stability, having a simple protocol, and being safer and eco-benign. Green CDs can be synthesized by using ultrasonic strategy, chemical oxidation, carbonization, solvothermal and hydrothermal processes, and microwave irradiation using various plant-based organic resources. CDs made by green technology have diverse applications in biomedical fields such as bioimaging, biosensing and nanomedicine, which are ascribed to their unique properties, including excellent luminescence effect, strong stability and good biocompatibility. This review mainly focuses on green CDs synthesis, characterization techniques, beneficial properties of plant resource-based green CDs and their biomedical applications. This review article also looks at the research gaps and future research directions for the continuous deepening of the exploration of green CDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Herbal remedies for combating irradiation: a green anti-irradiation approach
- Author
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Subramanion Jo Thy Lachumy, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Chern Ein Oon, Lachimanan Yoga Latha, Subramanian Deivanai, Yee Siew Choong, Chen Yeng, Soundararajan Vijayarathna, and D. Saravanan
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Cancer Research ,Natural product ,Plants, Medicinal ,Traditional medicine ,Epidemiology ,Radioprotective Agent ,Human life ,Herbal Medicine ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Radiation-Protective Agents ,Biology ,Toxicology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Evaluation methods ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine, Traditional ,Medicinal plants ,Phytotherapy - Abstract
Plants play important roles in human life not only as suppliers of oxygen but also as a fundamental resource to sustain the human race on this earthly plane. Plants also play a major role in our nutrition by converting energy from the sun during photosynthesis. In addition, plants have been used extensively in traditional medicine since time immemorial. Information in the biomedical literature has indicated that many natural herbs have been investigated for their efficacy against lethal irradiation. Pharmacological studies by various groups of investigators have shown that natural herbs possess significant radioprotective activity. In view of the immense medicinal importance of natural product based radioprotective agents, this review aims at compiling all currently available information on radioprotective agents from medicinal plants and herbs, especially the evaluation methods and mechanisms of action. In this review we particularly emphasize on ethnomedicinal uses, botany, phytochemistry, mechanisms of action and toxicology. We also describe modern techniques for evaluating herbal samples as radioprotective agents. The usage of herbal remedies for combating lethal irradiation is a green anti- irradiation approach for the betterment of human beings without high cost, side effects and toxicity.
- Published
- 2013
5. Chromatographic and Spectral Fingerprinting of Polyalthia longifolia, a Source of Phytochemicals
- Author
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Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Subramanion L. Jothy, and Chen Yeng
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Characterization ,Materials Science ,aerial parts ,Saponin ,Bioengineering ,Phytochemical ,Mass spectrometry ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,quality-control ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,indian medicinal-plants ,Anthraquinones ,Polyalthia longifolia ,P. longifolia ,constituents ,extract ,Medicinal plants ,Waste Management and Disposal ,mass spectrometry ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chromatography ,biology ,Chemistry ,Glycoside ,biology.organism_classification ,Fingerprinting techniques ,products ,Heavy metal ,canary-islands ,authentication ,var. pendula - Abstract
Medicinal plants, such as Polyalthia longifolia (Indian mast tree), are important therapeutic sources for curing human diseases. In this work P. longifolia leaf extract was characterized by chromatographic and spectral fingerprinting techniques, phytochemical and heavy metal analyses, and microscopy. Light microscopy of a transverse section of the leaf of P. longifolia revealed the presence of various plant cells. Phytochemical screening results revealed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponin, anthraquinones, and glycosides in the extract. The concentrations of heavy metals determined in the extract were well below the permissible limit. Nine peaks observed in the HPLC spectra showed the presence of various compounds in the extract. The GCMS method used for quantification of (3 beta,4 alpha,5 alpha,9 beta)-4,14-dimethyl-9,19-cycloergost-24(28)-en-3-yl acetate (i.e., cycloeucalenol acetate) in the extract was rapid, accurate, precise, linear (R-2 = 0.8752), and robust. The HPTLC analysis showed ten specific peaks for the methanolic extract of P. longifolia leaf. Twelve major peaks in the range of 4,000 to 500 cm(-1) were observed in the FTIR spectra, which represented various specific functional groups in the extract.
- Published
- 2013
6. Anticancer Activity and Molecular Mechanism of Polyphenol Rich Calophyllum inophyllum Fruit Extract in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells.
- Author
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Shanmugapriya, Chen, Yeng, Kanwar, Jagat R., and Sasidharan, Sreenivasan
- Subjects
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PROTEIN metabolism , *ENZYME metabolism , *REACTIVE oxygen species , *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents , *APOPTOSIS , *BIOLOGICAL assay , *BIOLOGICAL models , *BIOLOGICAL transport , *CELL cycle , *DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology , *FLOW cytometry , *FRUIT , *MEDICINAL plants , *MITOCHONDRIA , *PLANT extracts , *IN vitro studies , *PHARMACODYNAMICS ,BREAST tumor prevention - Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the anticancer effects and mechanism of Calophyllum inophyllum fruit extract against MCF-7 cells. C. inophyllum fruit extract was found to have markedly cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50 for 24 h of 23.59 µg/mL. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that C. inophyllum fruit extract mediated cell cycle at G0/G1 and G2/M phases, and MCF-7 cells entered the early phase of apoptosis. The expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 was decreased whereas the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, cytochrome C and p53 were increased after treatment. C. inophyllum fruit extract led to apoptosis in MCF-7 cells via the mitochondrial pathway in a dose dependent manner. This is evidenced by the elevation of intracellular ROS, the loss of mitochondria membrane potential (Δψm), and activation of caspase-3. Meanwhile, dose-dependent genomic DNA fragmentation was observed after C. inophyllum fruits extract treatment by comet assay. This study shows that C. inophyllum fruits extract-induced apoptosis is primarily p53 dependent and mediated through the activation of caspase-3. C. inophyllum fruit extract could be an excellent source of chemopreventive agent in the treatment of breast cancer and has potential to be explored as green anticancer agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. In situ morphological assessment of apoptosis induced by Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) fruit ethyl acetate fraction (PMEAF) in MDA-MB-231 cells by microscopy observation.
- Author
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Kavitha, Nowroji, Chen, Yeng, Kanwar, Jagat R., and Sasidharan, Sreenivasan
- Subjects
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APOPTOSIS , *MEDICINAL plants , *TRADITIONAL medicine , *CELL-mediated cytotoxicity , *ETHYL acetate - Abstract
Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) is a well-known medicinal plant and have been extensively used as traditional medicine for ages in treatment of various diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the in situ cytotoxicity effect P. macrocarpa fruit ethyl acetate fraction (PMEAF) by using various conventional and modern microscopy techniques. The cytotoxicity of PMEAF treated MDA-MB-231 cells was determined through the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay and CyQuant Cell Proliferation Assay after 24 h of treatment. Both results were indicated that the PMEAF is a potential anticancer agent with the average IC 50 values of 18.10 μg/mL by inhibiting the MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. Various conventional and modern microscopy techniques such as light microscopy, holographic microscopy, transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscope were used for the observation of morphological changes in PMEAF treated MDA-MB-231cells for 24 h. The characteristic of apoptotic cell death includes cell shrinkage, membrane blebs, chromatin condensation and the formation of apoptotic bodies were observed. PMEAF might be the best candidate for developing more potent anticancer drugs or chemo-preventive supplements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Chromatographic and Spectral Fingerprinting of Polyalthia longifolia, a Source of Phytochemicals.
- Author
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Jothy, Subramanion L., Chen Yeng, and Sasidharan, Sreenivasan
- Subjects
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CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis , *PLANT extracts , *SPECTRUM analysis , *ANNONACEAE , *MEDICINAL plants , *BOTANICAL chemistry , *PHYTOCHEMICALS - Abstract
Medicinal plants, such as Polyalthia longifolia (Indian mast tree), are important therapeutic sources for curing human diseases. In this work P. longifolia leaf extract was characterized by chromatographic and spectral fingerprinting techniques, phytochemical and heavy metal analyses, and microscopy. Light microscopy of a transverse section of the leaf of P. longifolia revealed the presence of various plant cells. Phytochemical screening results revealed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponin, anthraquinones, and glycosides in the extract. The concentrations of heavy metals determined in the extract were well below the permissible limit. Nine peaks observed in the HPLC spectra showed the presence of various compounds in the extract. The GCMS method used for quantification of (3β,4α,5α,9β)-4,14-dimethyl-9,19-cycloergost-24(28)-en-3-yl acetate (i.e., cycloeucalenol acetate) in the extract was rapid, accurate, precise, linear (R² = 0.8752), and robust. The HPTLC analysis showed ten specific peaks for the methanolic extract of P. longifolia leaf. Twelve major peaks in the range of 4,000 to 500 cm-1 were observed in the FTIR spectra, which represented various specific functional groups in the extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Standardization of Cassia spectabilis with Respect to Authenticity, Assay and Chemical Constituent Analysis.
- Author
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Torey, Angeline, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Chen Yeng, and Latha, Lachimanan Yoga
- Subjects
STANDARDIZATION ,CASSIA (Genus) ,ANALYTICAL chemistry ,QUALITY control ,MEDICINAL plants ,FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy ,TRADITIONAL medicine ,DILUTION - Abstract
Quality control standardizations of the various medicinal plants used in traditional medicine is becoming more important today in view of the commercialization of formulations based on these plants. An attempt at standardization of Cassia spectabilis leaf has been carried out with respect to authenticity, assay and chemical constituent analysis. The authentication involved many parameters, including gross morphology, microscopy of the leaves and functional group analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The assay part of standardization involved determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract which could help assess the chemical effects and establish curative values. The MIC of the C. spectabilis leaf extracts was investigated using the Broth Dilution Method. The extracts showed a MIC value of 6.25 mg/mL, independent of the extraction time. The chemical constituent aspect of standardization involves quantification of the main chemical components in C. spectabilis. The GCMS method used for quantification of 2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione in the extract was rapid, accurate, precise, linear (R² = 0.8685), rugged and robust. Hence this method was suitable for quantification of this component in C. spectabilis. The standardization of C. spectabilis is needed to facilitate marketing of medicinal plants, with a view to promoting the export of valuable Malaysian Traditional Medicinal plants such as C. spectabilis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) fruit induce G0/G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell.
- Author
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Kavitha, Nowroji, Ein Oon, Chern, Chen, Yeng, Kanwar, Jagat R., and Sasidharan, Sreenivasan
- Subjects
- *
PROTEIN metabolism , *ENZYME metabolism , *MEDICINAL plants , *REACTIVE oxygen species , *ALTERNATIVE medicine , *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents , *APOPTOSIS , *BIOLOGICAL assay , *BIOLOGICAL models , *BIOLOGICAL transport , *CARRIER proteins , *CELL cycle , *CELL death , *CELLULAR signal transduction , *FLOW cytometry , *FRUIT , *MICROSCOPY , *MITOCHONDRIA , *STAINS & staining (Microscopy) , *PLANT extracts , *IN vitro studies , *PHARMACODYNAMICS ,BREAST tumor prevention - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl, is a well-known folk medicinal plant in Indonesia. Traditionally, P. macrocarpa has been used to control cancer, impotency, hemorrhoids, diabetes mellitus, allergies, liver and hearth disease, kidney disorders, blood diseases, acne, stroke, migraine, and various skin diseases. Aim of the study The purpose of this study was to determine the in situ cytotoxicity effect P. macrocarpa fruit ethyl acetate fraction (PMEAF) and the underlying molecular mechanism of cell death. Materials and methods MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated with PMEAF for 24 h. Cell cycle and viability were examined using flow cytometry analysis. Apoptosis was determined using the Annexin V assay and also by fluorescence microscopy. Apoptosis protein profiling was detected by RayBio® Human Apoptosis Array. Results The AO/PI staining and flow cytometric analysis of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with PMEAF were showed apoptotic cell death. The cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry analysis revealed that the accumulation of PMEAF treated MDA-MB-231 cells in G 0 /G 1 and G 2 /M-phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, the PMEAF exert cytotoxicity by increased the ROS production in MDA-MB-231 cells consistently stimulated the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ Ψm ) and induced apoptosis cell death by activation of numerous signalling proteins. The results from apoptosis protein profiling array evidenced that PMEAF stimulated the expression of 9 pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bid, caspase 3, caspase 8, cytochrome c , p21, p27, p53 and SMAC) and suppressed the 4 anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-w, XIAP and survivin) in MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion The results indicated that PMEAF treatment induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells through intrinsic mitochondrial related pathway with the participation of pro and anti-apoptotic proteins, caspases, G 0 /G 1 and G 2 /M-phases cell cycle arrest by p53-mediated mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. MicroRNA profiling in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell exposed to the Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) fruit ethyl acetate fraction (PMEAF) through IIlumina Hi-Seq technologies and various in silico bioinformatics tools.
- Author
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Kavitha, Nowroji, Vijayarathna, Soundararajan, Shanmugapriya, null, Oon, Chern Ein, Chen, Yeng, Kanwar, Jagat R., Punj, Vasu, and Sasidharan, Sreenivasan
- Subjects
- *
APOPTOSIS , *BREAST tumors , *CELL death , *CELL lines , *CELLULAR signal transduction , *FRUIT , *GENE expression , *MEDICINAL plants , *ONCOGENES , *BIOINFORMATICS , *PLANT extracts , *GENE expression profiling , *SEQUENCE analysis ,THERAPEUTIC use of plant extracts - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl, is a famous traditional medicinal plant which exhibited cytotoxicity against various cancerous cells. Traditionally, P. macrocarpa has been used to control cancer, impotency, hemorrhoids, diabetes mellitus, allergies, liver and heart disease, kidney disorders, blood diseases, acne, stroke, migraine, and various skin diseases. Aim of the study Recent studies have demonstrated a potent anticancer potential of P. macrocarpa , especially against HeLa cell. The objective of this study was to investigate the regulation of miRNAs on MDA-MB-231 treated with P. macrocarpa ethyl acetate fraction (PMEAF). Materials and methods The regulation of miRNAs on MDA-MB-231 cells treated with PMEAF was studied through IIlumina, Hi-Seq. 2000 platform of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and various in silico bioinformatics tools. Results The PMEAF treatment against MDA-MB-231 cells identified 10 upregulated and 10 downregulated miRNAs. A set of 606 target genes of 10 upregulated miRNAs and 517 target genes of 10 downregulated miRNAs were predicted based on computational and validated databases by using miRGate DB Query. Meanwhile, results from DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.8 specified the functional annotation of the upregulated miRNAs involvement in cancer pathway by suppressing the oncogenes and downregulating miRNAs by expressing the tumour suppressor genes in the regulation of apoptosis pathway. Conclusion In conclusion, the results of this study proved that PMEAF is a promising anticancer agent with high cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and it induced apoptotic cell death mechanism through the regulation of miRNAs. PMEAF might be the best candidate for developing more potent anticancer drugs or chemo preventive supplements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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