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The worldwide population is ageing, alongside an increase in cancer incidence rates. Over the past 10 years, there has been huge progress in the field of oncology with earlier diagnosis and an expansion of treatment options, leading to a growing number of older people living with cancer. That has meant that caring for older patients with cancer is now part of day-to-day oncology practices. This cohort often has geriatric syndromes and a higher prevalence of frailty and complex needs and preparing our clinical services to optimise care for these patients is essential. Whilst it is widely accepted that comprehensive geriatric assessments are of benefit to patients, only a small proportion of patients can access these through specialised teams during their cancer care. In the past few years there has been significant progress in this field throughout the United Kingdom (UK). The goal of this review is to inform other health care systems how to learn from what has been done in the UK. This paper provides an update from our previous review in 2020, detailing the new services being implemented and made available to patients and an expansion in the number of new pilot teams and research projects/trials throughout the four nations of the UK., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Mark Baxter reports a relationship with Servier Monde that includes: consulting or advisory, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Mark Baxter reports a relationship with Ipsen that includes: speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement. Mark Baxter reports a relationship with Bristol Myers Squibb Co that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Mark Baxter reports a relationship with Merck Sharp & Dohme UK Ltd. that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Kirsty Balachandran reports a relationship with Bristol Myers Squibb Co that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Anne Barrell reports a relationship with Roche that includes: travel reimbursement. Anne Barrell reports a relationship with Bristol Myers Squibb Co that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Anne Barrell reports a relationship with Novartis AG that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Pfizer Inc. that includes: board membership, speaking and lecture fees, and travel reimbursement. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Abbott that includes: board membership. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Sanofi that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Astellas Pharma Inc. that includes: board membership. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Exact Sciences Corporation that includes: travel reimbursement. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Eli Lilly and Company that includes: speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with AbbVie Inc. that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Roche that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Servier Monde that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with Gilead Sciences Inc. that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Nicolo Matteo Luca Battisti reports a relationship with AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Kwok-Leung Cheung reports a relationship with Roche that includes: consulting or advisory. Kwok-Leung Cheung reports a relationship with Cancers that includes: travel reimbursement. Helen Brown reports a relationship with Roche that includes: funding grants. Fabio Gomes reports a relationship with AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP that includes: speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement. Fabio Gomes reports a relationship with Roche that includes: speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement. Fabio Gomes reports a relationship with Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH that includes: speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement. Fabio Gomes reports a relationship with Pfizer Inc. that includes: speaking and lecture fees and travel reimbursement. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest No conflicts of interest or disclosures.

Breast cancer is increasingly prevalent in older adults and is a substantial part of routine oncology practice. However, management of breast cancer in this population is challenging because the disease is highly heterogeneous and there is insufficient evidence specific to older adults. Decision making should not be driven by age alone but should involve geriatric assessments plus careful consideration of life expectancy, competing risks of mortality, and patient preferences. A multidisciplinary taskforce, including members of the European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists and International Society of Geriatric Oncology, gathered to expand and update the previous 2012 evidence-based recommendations for the management of breast cancer in older individuals with the endorsement of the European Cancer Organisation. These guidelines were expanded to include chemotherapy toxicity prediction calculators, cultural and social considerations, surveillance imaging, genetic screening, gene expression profiles, neoadjuvant systemic treatment options, bone-modifying drugs, targeted therapies, and supportive care. Recommendations on geriatric assessment, ductal carcinoma in situ, screening, primary endocrine therapy, surgery, radiotherapy, adjuvant systemic therapy, and secondary breast cancer were updated., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests LB reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Eisai, Lilly, Pierre Fabre, and Daiichi Sankyo; grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Celgene, Ipsen, and Pfizer; grants and personal fees from Genomic Health and Novartis; and personal fees and non-financial support from Roche, outside the submitted work. NLMB reports grants and personal fees from Pfizer and grants from Genomic Health, outside the submitted work. HW reports that his institution (University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium) received consulting fees and honoraria from AstraZeneca, Biocartis, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, PUMA Biotechnology, Roche, Sirtex, and Daiiji; the institution received unrestricted research grants from Roche and Novartis; and HW received travel support from Roche and Pfizer. MSA reports personal fees and non-financial support from the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer, European Society of Medical Oncology, and European CanCer Organisation; grants and personal fees from Helsinn, Sandoz; and personal fees from Tesaro, Merck, Vifor, Pfizer, Taiho, and Kyowa Kirin, outside the submitted work. EGCB reports personal fees from Pfizer, Roche, Samsung, Pierre Fabre, Novartis, AstraZeneca, TLC PharmaChem, Clinigen, Mylan, and G1 Therapeutics; and grants and personal fees from Bristol Myers Squibb, outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected millions of people in over 180 territories, causing a significant impact on healthcare systems globally. Older adults, as well as people living with cancer, appear to be particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality, which means that older adults with cancer are an especially high-risk population. This has led to significant changes in the way geriatric oncologists provide care to older patients, including the implementation of novel methods for clinical visits, interruptions or delays in procedures, and modification of therapeutic strategies, both in the curative and palliative settings. In this manuscript, we provide a global overview of the perspectives of geriatric oncology providers from countries across Europe, America, and Asia, regarding the adaptive strategies utilized to continue providing high quality care for older patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through these perspectives, we attempt to show that, although each country and setting has specific issues, we all face similar challenges when providing care for our older patients with cancer during these difficult times., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Dr. Battisti has received travel grants and speaker fees from Pfizer and travel grants from Genomic Health. Dr. Loh serves as a consultant to Pfizer and Seattle Genetics. Dr. Loh is supported by the Wilmot Research Fellowship Award and National Cancer Institute (K99CA237744). Dr. Neuendorff has received honoraria and travel support by Janssen-Cilag, Medac, and Jazz Pharmazeutical. Dr. Mian reports Honoraria/Consultancy fees from Amgen, Celgene, Takeda, Janssen, Sanofi. All other authors have no financial conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Aging is a heterogeneous process. Most newly diagnosed cancers occur in older adults, and it is important to understand a patient's underlying health status when making treatment decisions. A geriatric assessment provides a detailed evaluation of medical, psychosocial, and functional problems in older patients with cancer. Specifically, it can identify areas of vulnerability, predict survival and toxicity, assist in clinical treatment decisions, and guide interventions in routine oncology practice; however, the uptake is hampered by limitations in both time and resources, as well as by a lack of expert interpretation. In this review, we describe the utility of geriatric assessment by using an illustrative case and provide a practical approach to geriatric assessment in oncology.