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Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: We know that there are similar rates of borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosed in both men and women; however, some research suggests that BPD is diagnosed later and less frequently in men. Some research suggests that males diagnosed with BPD present differently to women, but not much is known about how this influences the care men receive in inpatient mental health hospitals. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: This paper is the first to specifically ask inpatient staff about men diagnosed with BPD, and to hear about their perceptions and experiences.It identified that some staff do not feel as knowledgeable in identifying and treating BPD in men compared to women. Some staff talked about how emotional difficulties like BPD are often not the first thought when men present with distress compared to women. Staff also talked about needing a safe, open and transparent working culture to be able to ask questions and to be questioned on their own assumptions, biases or lack of training. What are the implications for practice?: This paper suggests that inpatient staff may hold some assumptions about men and their emotions, such as assuming that they are less likely to struggle with emotional difficulties like BPD. Staff anxieties about risk management may influence how they perceive and care for men in inpatient wards. The findings suggest that male‐specific training in identifying and treating BPD should be provided for staff on inpatient wards, to improve knowledge and confidence. Introduction: Research highlights discrepancies in recognition of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in men, despite similar rates of prevalence across genders. Aim: To investigate inpatient mental health professionals' experiences of delivering treatment for males with a diagnosis of BPD. Method: Six mental health professionals working within adult acute inpatient wards completed a semi‐structured interview. All participants were members of the nursing team. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Five themes were identified: Gender Differences, Stereotyping, Facilitators to Care Delivery, Barriers to Care Delivery and Ways to Improve Care. Participants talked of a lack of awareness and understanding of BPD in males impacting both diagnosis and treatment in an acute inpatient setting. Discussion: There may be factors ranging from gender stereotypes, limited knowledge and understanding of gender differences in presentations, and personal/organisational cultures influencing the formulation and treatment of males with a diagnosis of BPD in inpatient settings. Implications for Practice: The findings suggest that gender stereotypes such as masculine norms may influence how male patients' emotional difficulties are understood and managed, and that additional training in male‐specific issues to improve knowledge and care provision. This research will support inpatient staff, service leads and clinical educators to identify ways to adapt care provision for men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Given the complex nature of integrated care systems (ICSs), the geographical spread and the large number of organisations involved in partnership delivery, the importance of leadership cannot be overstated. This paper aims to present novel findings from a rapid realist review of ICS leadership in England. The overall review question was: how does leadership in ICSs work, for whom and in what circumstances? Design/methodology/approach: Development of initial programme theories and associated context–mechanism–outcome configurations (CMOCs) were supported by the theory-gleaning activities of a review of ICS strategies and guidance documents, a scoping review of the literature and interviews with key informants. A refined programme theory was then developed by testing these CMOCs against empirical data published in academic literature. Following screening and testing, six CMOCs were extracted from 18 documents. The study design, conduct and reporting were informed by the Realist And Metanarrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards (RAMESES) training materials (Wong et al., 2013). Findings: The review informed four programme theories explaining that leadership in ICSs works when ICS leaders hold themselves and others to account for improving population health, a sense of purpose is fostered through a clear vision, partners across the system are engaged in problem ownership and relationships are built at all levels of the system. Research limitations/implications: Despite being a rigorous and comprehensive investigation, stakeholder input was limited to one ICS, potentially restricting insights from varied geographical contexts. In addition, the recent establishment of ICSs meant limited literature availability, with few empirical studies conducted. Although this emphasises the importance and originality of the research, this scarcity posed challenges in extracting and applying certain programme theory elements, particularly context. Originality/value: This review will be of relevance to academics and health-care leaders within ICSs in England, offering critical insights into ICS leadership, integrating diverse evidence to develop new evidence-based recommendations, filling a gap in the current literature and informing leadership practice and health-care systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives This systematic review provides an overview of the literature published on Releasing Time to Care: The Productive Ward between 2005 and June 2011. Background Releasing Time to Care: The Productive Ward programme was developed by the NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement and launched in England in 2007. The programme comprises thirteen modules that aim to increase time for direct patient care, improve the patient and staff experience and make changes to the ward environment to improve efficiency. Design A systematic literature review. Methods The terms ' Releasing Time to Care' and ' Productive Ward' were applied to key healthcare databases; CINAHL, Medline, Science Direct, Pro Quest, Health Business Elite, British Nursing Index, Embase, Health Management Information Consortium and PsychInfo. All papers were read and subject to a quality assessment. Results The literature search identified 95 unique sources. A lack of research on The Productive Ward programme meant it was necessary to include non-empirical literature. In total, 18 articles met the inclusion criteria. Seven key themes were identified: the patient and staff experience, direct care time, patient safety, financial impact, embedding and sustainability, executive support and leadership, and common barriers and determinants of success. It also highlighted areas that require further exploration such as long-term sustainability of the programme and consistent data measurement between organisations. Conclusion The review tentatively reports how The Productive Ward programme has been used to transform nursing practice for the benefit of patients and frontline staff, and how it resulted in cost savings. The literature review identified a potential positive results bias in the current literature whereby favourable outcomes were reported. Relevance to clinical practice This paper summarises the types of evidence and current literature on The Productive Ward providing a reference for frontline staff implementing the programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experience feedback data is increasingly recognised as being helpful in improving healthcare services, and in meeting patient and family needs. This end-of-life care project, based on the principles of appreciative inquiry, sought to learn from the experiences of bereaved people whose relative had died in an acute hospital setting. Informal feedback, offered during a routine telephone call, was thematically analysed and interpreted in an appreciative manner. Confirmatory representations of caring practices and behaviours were identified, categorised and disseminated in a way that enabled staff to come to know and understand end-of-life care at its best, rather than as a set of problematised events. The findings served as a benchmark for individuals and teams to assess and progress their practice reflectively. The authors conclude that staff receptiveness to informal bereaved family feedback may be enhanced by focusing on the positive qualities of end-of-life care within existing practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Health literacy is important because of the high proportion of the population with skills below those needed to become and stay healthy, and the resultant negative impact on people's lives. A recent study in England has shown that, as is true in other industrialized nations, a significant proportion of people (43–61%) have literacy and numeracy skills below those needed to fully understand and use health materials. This paper describes a project designed to build on these findings with key stakeholders to develop an action plan to address a mismatch between population skills and the health system complexity. Method The multi-stage project involved an initial meeting of stakeholders that allowed participants to share knowledge and experience, and make suggestions for change. Subsequent web-based surveys enabled widening of the stakeholder group, identification of further potential actions, and participant rating of the impact of the suggested actions on this mismatch. Next, a meeting enabled the group to identify priorities for change that would be feasible and cost-effective. Results Forty-one participants were recruited from a range of patient, health, lifelong learning, civil service, and industry perspectives. Suggested topics for action fell into four areas; improving health services, building health literacy skills in the population and workforce, recognizing the importance of public information developed outside the health arena, and funding for health literacy research and development. Following consideration of likely cost, impact, and feasibility, five suggested areas were prioritized for action, three involving improvements in the health service, and two involving the development of public health literacy skills. The importance of inter-sectoral approaches to this complex issue was identified. Discussion This project recruited key stakeholders with a wide range of relevant expertise and perspectives. It resulted in a clear, coherent action plan to address the population skills: health system complexity mismatch. Next steps include implementation, evaluation, and widening to other areas of life important to public health and well-being such as public safety messages and social care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines a service improvement project undertaken in one acute cardiac ward within a regional NHS trust in the east of England that explored the impact of advancing patient- and family-centred care within an acute adult setting. The project was implemented and evaluated over a 9-month period between March and December 2012 and data collected via a pre and post-intervention survey. The results demonstrated that the majority of family carers wanted to be involved in patient care. The provision of flexible family visiting, facilitated and supported family carer involvement in care provision and improved partnership working between family carers and the multidisciplinary team, had a positive impact on the patient and family carer experience. This project has demonstrated the value of involving family carers in acute adult inpatient care provision and the importance of flexible family visiting to enable this to be successful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case study was conducted in 2016 to evaluate the effectiveness of an innovation to enable people with "complex" care requirements to be discharged from hospital to an appropriate service for their care, without using the NHS England Continuing Health Care (CHC) assessment. The setting was a rural district general hospital in England, where the quality outcomes and cost‐effectiveness of the CHC assessment being conducted in hospital were giving cause for concern. The NHS CHC Framework advocates conducting these assessments in the community where a more accurate indication of long‐term care can be determined. The "5Q Care Test" was collaboratively developed with health and social care partners, care providers, and CHC interest groups, including users of the services. It was implemented as a tool to support moving the CHC assessment into the community, as it enabled practitioners to swiftly determine patients' appropriate initial care pathway out of hospital. A full economic impact analysis was conducted 7 months after the tool was introduced. The results showed significant improvement in the quality and cost‐effectiveness of the "5Q Care Test," with a reduction in the hospital length of stay, which is known to be associated with improved outcomes for patients and financial savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the knowledge management skills required by nurses in the context of the government's information strategy for England and Wales, which highlights the importance of managing data in providing efficient health care. It also reports on a study that looked at whether employers' job descriptions and person specifications include the need for basic information and communication technology skills outlined in the NHS knowledge and skills framework (Agenda for Change Project Team 2004), and the degree to which these skills are regarded as important to good nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, University of Southampton, discusses the impact and success of Care Quality Commission hospital inspections since publication of the report into Mid Staffordshire NHS Trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and local problem: The objective of this quality improvement project (QIP) was to identify a) the number and type of wounds treated in primary and community care within a single Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) and b) compare current wound care practice against local policy and best practice. An eight-step quality improvement plan was implemented and wound care practice and documentation re-audited a year later. Results: Pre-implementation: Sixty nurses and healthcare support workers were observed to deliver wound care, with the majority being registered nurses (n=44/60; 73.3%). Over the 3 week evaluation period, wound care was delivered to 147 patients with the majority treated in the patients' own home (n=98; 66.7%). The majority of patients had their skin assessed in both GP practices and in their own homes (x²=1.11,df=2, p=0.57). Wounds were more likely to be photographed in patients' homes (x²=4.28; df=1, p=0.04). All other direct observations of care occurred less frequently when care was delivered in patients' homes (appropriate wound care advice provided x²=6.38, df=1, p=0.01; comprehensive wound assessment x²=5.67, df=1, p=0.02; and appropriate primary dressing x2=10.80, df=2, p=0.005). Post-implementation: Over the 1-week evaluation period, Welsh Wound Innovation Centre and CCG staff observed wound care provided to 77 patients. Thirty-four patients received wound care in GP practices, 43 patients in their own home. Notably, fewer omissions in wound care were observed and this difference approached statistical significance across four aspects of care with the sole exception of use of an appropriate primary dressing in GP practices (x²=3.31, df=2, p=0.19) in both audits. Conclusions: This QIP identified that there were weaknesses in current practice (for example, under 40% of patients received an appropriate primary wound dressing when cared for in their own home) and documentation (for example, 50% of patients treated in their homes did not have a correct wound diagnosis). Re-evaluation after implementation of an eight-step improvement plan showed marked improvements in both wound care delivery and documentation especially where care was delivered in patients' homes. This project has shown how complex health care delivery across primary and community care can be improved through a focused QI approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Over the past decade, collaboration between general practices in England to form new provider networks and large-scale organisations has been driven largely by grassroots action among GPs. However, it is now being increasingly advocated for by national policymakers. Expectations of what scaling up general practice in England will achieve are significant.Aim: To review the evidence of the impact of new forms of large-scale general practice provider collaborations in England.Design and Setting: Systematic review.Method: Embase, MEDLINE, Health Management Information Consortium, and Social Sciences Citation Index were searched for studies reporting the impact on clinical processes and outcomes, patient experience, workforce satisfaction, or costs of new forms of provider collaborations between general practices in England.Results: A total of 1782 publications were screened. Five studies met the inclusion criteria and four examined the same general practice networks, limiting generalisability. Substantial financial investment was required to establish the networks and the associated interventions that were targeted at four clinical areas. Quality improvements were achieved through standardised processes, incentives at network level, information technology-enabled performance dashboards, and local network management. The fifth study of a large-scale multisite general practice organisation showed that it may be better placed to implement safety and quality processes than conventional practices. However, unintended consequences may arise, such as perceptions of disenfranchisement among staff and reductions in continuity of care.Conclusion: Good-quality evidence of the impacts of scaling up general practice provider organisations in England is scarce. As more general practice collaborations emerge, evaluation of their impacts will be important to understand which work, in which settings, how, and why. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As an alternative to hospital admission, crisis resolution teams (CRTs) provide intensive home treatment to people experiencing mental health crises. Trial evidence supports the effectiveness of the CRT model, but research suggests that the anticipated reductions in inpatient admissions and increased user satisfaction with acute care have been less than hoped for following the scaling up of CRTs nationally in England, as mandated by the National Health Service (NHS) Plan in 2000. The organisation and service delivery of the CRTs vary substantially. This may reflect the lack of a fully specified CRT model and the resources to enhance team model fidelity and to improve service quality. We will evaluate the impact of a CRT service improvement programme over a 1-year period on the service users' experiences of care, service use, staff well-being, and team model fidelity.Methods/design: Twenty-five CRTs from eight NHS Trusts across England will be recruited to this cluster-randomised trial: 15 CRTs will be randomised to receive the service improvement programme over a 1-year period, and ten CRTs will not receive the programme. Data will be collected from 15 service users and all clinical staff from each participating CRT at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Service use data will be collected from the services' electronic records systems for two 6-month periods: the period preceding and the period during months 7-12 of the intervention. The study's primary outcome is service user satisfaction with CRT care, measured using a client satisfaction questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include the following: perceived continuity of care, hospital admission rates and bed use, rates of readmission to acute care following CRT support, staff morale, job satisfaction, and general health. The adherence of the services to a model of best practice will be assessed at baseline and follow-up. Outcomes will be compared between the intervention and control teams, adjusting for baseline differences and participant characteristics using linear random effects modelling. Qualitative investigations with participating CRT managers and staff and programme facilitators will explore the experiences of the service improvement programme.Discussion: Our trial will show whether a theoretically underpinned and clearly defined package of resources are effective in supporting service improvement and improving outcomes for mental health crisis resolution teams.Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN47185233. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses a recent report showing how trusts rated as outstanding by the regulator have embedded a culture of change that involves all staff [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]