563 results on '"Realpolitik"'
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2. Family Feud, or Realpolitik?
- Author
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Fernando Ursine Braga Silva
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Politics ,Government ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Feud ,General election ,Political science ,Political economy ,Opposition (politics) ,Realpolitik ,Realigning election ,Democracy ,media_common - Abstract
In this contribution, I use the breakup – just short of the 2017 General Election – of Japan’s former second biggest political party, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), as a case study so as to assess the practical implications of splits and realignments in the most relevant party split in Japan since the DPJ was ousted from government in 2012. First, I examine DPJ’s origin as an umbrella for ideologically diverse groups that opposed the conservative Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) – the government party in Japan throughout most of its post-war history, its tendency to factionalism, and the oftentimes damaging role the factional dynamics played in the party’s decision-making process throughout the years. In the case study, it is understood that the creation of the Party of Hope – a split from the LDP, and the salience of constitutional issues were exogenous factors particular to that election, which helped causing the DPJ split.
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- 2021
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3. Assessing Russia’s doctrine of Realpolitik as strategic re-contouring of regional power -balance in the post-Soviet periphery
- Author
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Monika Eriksen
- Subjects
Putin foreign policy ,Eurasianism ,Expansionism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Geopolitics ,Russia ,Political science ,Realpolitik ,050602 political science & public administration ,Annexation ,Sovereign state ,media_common ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,05 social sciences ,Doctrine ,0506 political science ,Domino theory ,Political economy ,Crimea ,Economic system ,Law ,Regional power - Abstract
The Ukraine conflict escalated in early 2014 and resulted in Russia’s annexation of Crimea. This illustrates a troublesome pattern in the region. The author claims that this most recent political crisis is in fact emblematic of Russian’s narrative for some time, as exemplified by the Russia-Georgian War, or Putin’s support of Moldavian separatists. The article attempts to conceptualize Russian “mingling” in the region in light of several relevant events such as the recent creation of the Eurasian Economic Union as well as the annexation of Crimea as a deliberate strategy that reflects a much larger pattern of potential destabilization and expansionism, which begun more than a decade ago. The argument will be analyzed through the prism of two theoretical perspectives, the redefined domino theory and Kohr’s power theory of social misery. Moreover, the article will place a particular emphasis on the increasing influence of the concept of Eurasianism on Russian geopolitics in recent years. The increasing regional vulnerabilities in light of Russia’s antagonistic policy of Realpolitik, stresses the need for a protracted dialogue about other potential security threats that could further destabilize the region. The article discusses recent events in Ukraine as an emblematic example of Russian geopolitical strategy as a potential warning for other sovereign States in the post-Soviet “near-abroad”.
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- 2021
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4. Russian-Israeli Relations during the Reign of Prime Minister Netanyahu: Abrasive Friendship or Realpolitik?
- Author
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Paweł Bielicki
- Subjects
Limited partnership ,Politics ,Alliance ,Spanish Civil War ,Political economy ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,International security ,Empire ,Annexation ,media_common - Abstract
The subject of my interest is to present the most important determinants of relations between the Russian Federation and Israel. The main purpose of this paper is to describe the current state of affairs in mutual contacts and their importance for international security. In addition, it will be important to try to answer the question of whether Russia will continue to play an important role as an economic and political partner of Israel in the near future, in the face of the gradual containment of the Syrian conflict. At the beginning, I intend to refer to the history of relations of both countries, dating back to the time of the existence of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the breaking of diplomatic relations after the Six-Day War in June 1967. In the following part of the discussion, I present the relations of both entities immediately after the collapse of the Soviet empire and coming to power of Vladimir Putin, who from the beginning of his term in office has sought to significantly improve contacts with Israel. Then, I raise the problem of Moscow-Tel Aviv contacts after Benjamin Netanyahu took over as prime minister again and after the Arab Spring, which implied the conflict in Syria, during which Russia and Israel established cooperation. It will also be important to trace the attitude of the authorities in Tel Aviv to the annexation of Crimea and the war in eastern Ukraine. I would also like to refer to the relationship of both entities on the historical and cultural level, as well as on the economic and military level. In the summary, I highlight future perspectives and try to determine whether the current relations of both countries will intensify in the face of the end of war in Syria, and whether we can observe a close alliance of both countries now and in the future, or a limited partnership, determined by the need to implement real policy in the world.
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- 2021
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5. Why Indonesia Adopted ‘Quiet Diplomacy’ over R2P in the Rohingya Crisis: The Roles of Islamic Humanitarianism, Civil–Military Relations, and asean
- Author
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Susannah G. Williams and Claire Q. Smith
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education.field_of_study ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Realpolitik ,Islam ,Civil–military relations ,International law ,Political economy ,Political science ,Political Science and International Relations ,Sanctions ,Democratization ,education ,Diplomacy ,media_common - Abstract
Following atrocities against the minority Muslim Rohingya population by the Myanmar military, several states have imposed sanctions and deployed international justice strategies against the Myanmar government. In contrast, Indonesia has used an alternative ‘quiet diplomacy’ approach, focused on aid delivery to affected communities and cooperation with Myanmar. The paper presents one of the first empirical examinations of Indonesia’s role, and considers Indonesia’s approach from a realpolitik perspective to show why Indonesia has avoided R2P measures. The paper identifies three factors that shaped Indonesia’s approach: Islamic humanitarianism, Indonesia’s own experience of managing civil–military relations during a contested democratic transition, and its continued commitment to core asean principles. The paper also contributes to wider debates by identifying some of the limitations of R2P, especially in terms of how R2P can be sidelined by national and regional diplomatic priorities, in this case manifested in the quiet diplomacy approach.
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- 2021
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6. The Rhetoric and Realities of Internet Technologies on Trade Union Marketing
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Brian Jones, Howard Kline, and Peter Stokes
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Technological determinism ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Realpolitik ,02 engineering and technology ,Public relations ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Product (business) ,020204 information systems ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Rhetoric ,Trade union ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,050211 marketing ,Social media ,The Internet ,Zeitgeist ,business ,Information Systems ,media_common - Abstract
The Internet and the many technologies it has generated (for example, social media) create varying impacts in specific sectors. Trades Unions (TUs) are a case in point and are significant longstanding institutions which have developed over a number of centuries in many different national contexts. While the Internet has been adopted by TUs they have also generally been cast in an idealised light as if the Web should automatically be expected to radically transform and improve processes, communities (Wenger, 1998) and relations. The paper challenges this zeitgeist and suggests that the predominant ‘utopian’-style idealistic presentation of TU and the web is the product of technological determinism (Dafoe, 2015). This has important implications for TUs ‘lived experiences’ (Van Manen, 2016) and realpolitik. There is a risk that technologies will continue to operate at a macro, rather than a micro individual level, and be more dominated by managerial and commercial motives which encroach on legitimate TU representation and resistance rather than TU interests.
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- 2021
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7. ‘Oh Ireland! What a Disappointment You Have Been to the Basque People’: Irish Non-Intervention in the Spanish Civil War
- Author
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Niall Cullen
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International relations ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,General Social Sciences ,Democracy ,language.human_language ,Solidarity ,Nationalism ,Spanish Civil War ,Irish ,Political science ,Political economy ,language ,Mandate ,media_common - Abstract
While Irish involvement on both sides of the Spanish Civil War has been comprehensively accounted for by historians, there remains the issue of the Irish government’s non-intervention in the conflict, even by way of moral support, for the democratic mandate of the Spanish Republic, including the recently established Basque autonomous government. Utilising several previously unexploited Basque primary sources, this article traces and highlights Basque nationalist hopes and expectations around possible Irish government interventions, and how Basque nationalists ultimately felt let down by their ostensible Irish allies. Despite this disappointment, the prevailing pre-civil war perception among Basque nationalists of Ireland as a beacon of national liberation and a spiritual ally of sorts to the Basques was to endure. In exploring Basque-Irish contacts and relations around the Spanish Civil War, the article touches on several interrelated themes, such as misunderstood solidarity, the fate of small stateless nations, the realpolitik of international relations, and historical memory.
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- 2021
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8. The year public health lost its soul: a critical view of the COVID-19 response
- Author
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Contandriopoulos, Damien
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Special Section on COVID-19: Commentary ,Santé publique ,Politics ,Political science ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,Theory ,Pandemics ,COVID ,media_common ,Public health ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Realpolitik ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,humanities ,théorie ,politique ,Test (assessment) ,Government ,Political economy ,Soul - Abstract
The COVID pandemic was an acute test of public health capacities worldwide. Many will hail the successes obtained and stress the importance of the discipline. On the contrary, this commentary defends the idea that the COVID pandemic response forced public health to enter in a Faustian bargain with governments and realpolitik that threatens the very core of the discipline's principles.RéSUMé: La pandémie de COVID a sévèrement mis à l’épreuve les capacités de santé publique à l’échelle mondiale. Nombreux sont ceux qui vont mettre de l’avant les succès obtenus pour défendre la centralité de la discipline. À l’inverse, le présent commentaire défend l’idée que la pandémie a poussé la santé publique à accepter un contrat faustien avec les gouvernements et le politique qui menace l’essence même des principes fondateurs de la discipline.
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- 2021
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9. The idea of constitutionalism in democratic and authoritarian states
- Author
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Michał Bernaczyk
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Constitution ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Realpolitik ,Separation of powers ,Constitutional law ,Constitutionalism ,Liberal democracy ,Democracy ,media_common ,Law and economics ,Rule of law - Abstract
Polish constitutional law utilizes the notion of “constitutionalism” but does not explain the basic components which would help to classify a given system to such a category. The 20th century utilized this concept for the purposes of confrontation between West and East, but with the democratic wave of the 1990s and the decay of the transition process, it began to lose its widely acknowledged criteria of recognition. The article brings new taxonomy proposed in comparative constitutional law which suggests that there is no longer one fixed notion of constitutionalism. Such an approach seems to be the equivalent of realpolitik in constitutional studies accompanied by the suggestion that Western taxonomy can no longer ignore the protracted existence of constitution- based states which treat it as an object but reject other components e.g. separation of powers, an effective impartial and independent judicial system and legal constraints. Such realism in taxonomy may come at a price, with even further decay of rule of law standards and erosion of liberal democracy.
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- 2021
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10. Practices of scalecraft and the reassembling of political boundaries: the contested nature of national schooling reform in the Australian federation
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Bob Lingard, Elisa Di Gregorio, and Glenn C. Savage
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schooling ,Corporate governance ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Realpolitik ,Assemblage (composition) ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,0506 political science ,Politics ,State (polity) ,federalism ,assemblage ,Argument ,Political economy ,Political science ,Political Science and International Relations ,050602 political science & public administration ,National Policy ,scalecraft ,Federalism ,boundaries ,reform ,media_common - Abstract
This article contributes new insights to research on the socio-spatial dynamics of policy production by synthesizing the concepts of “policy assemblage” and “scalecraft”. By conceptualizing scale as socially-crafted rather than pre-existing (a priori), we argue that assemblage and scalecraft provide generative means for examining how scale is imagined and assembled, and the boundary dynamics associated with these processes. To make this argument, we focus empirically on changes to the governance of schooling policy in the Australian federation over the past two decades. We argue that despite being a federation in which subnational (state and territory) governments maintain responsibility for schools, a new national policy assemblage has emerged that rests upon and produces new forms of boundary imagining, crossing and blurring. This is generating tensions and issues for policy actors, central to which is contestation about federal involvement in national reform. Drawing upon insights from semi-structured interviews with senior policy actors, we argue that new ways of imagining and seeking to govern schooling, at the national scale, grate uncomfortably against the realpolitik of Australian federalism, the principles underpinning the design of federal systems, and forms of scalar thinking that shape how policy actors perceive the “ideal” division of roles and responsibilities.
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- 2021
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11. Ordoliberalism: neither exclusively German nor an oddity. A review essay of Malte Dold’s and Tim Krieger’s Ordoliberalism and European Economic Policy: Between Realpolitik and Economic Utopia
- Author
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K. Horn
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media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Realpolitik ,Neoliberalism ,language.human_language ,0506 political science ,German ,Politics ,Scholarship ,Political science ,Utopia ,0502 economics and business ,050602 political science & public administration ,Economic history ,language ,050207 economics ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,Order (virtue) ,European debt crisis ,media_common - Abstract
The German intellectual tradition of ordoliberalism, a variant of neoliberalism particularly committed to a “functional and humane order,” was long ignored in the Anglo-Saxon world. More recently, this has changed to some degree, especially under the impression of the European sovereign-debt crisis, during which Germany’s insistence on rule-abiding behavior was critically attributed to the ordoliberal heritage. In the anthology edited by Malte Dold and Tim Krieger, ordoliberalism is discussed from many different angles, including the historical roots in the Freiburg School, the recent much-disputed strategies for dealing with the eurozone crisis, and a further development of the research program. The editors argue that scholarship in the spirit of ordoliberalism would benefit from being embedded within the interdisciplinary scientific cluster of Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE). The book makes a valuable contribution to a better-informed international discourse across the disciplines.
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- 2021
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12. Understanding Russian and Turkish State-National Interests in the Syrian Conflict through the Neo-Realism Paradigm
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Tan Tan and Mariia German
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Balance (metaphysics) ,Turkish ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Italian neorealism ,Realpolitik ,Geopolitics ,Unitary state ,language.human_language ,Negotiation ,State (polity) ,Political economy ,Political science ,language ,Pharmacology (medical) ,media_common - Abstract
The study is devoted to the analysis of Russian-Turkish interaction in the Syrian conflict under neo-realism concept. The Syrian crisis has become a kind of Russian-Turkish relations “barometer” in recent years. On the Syrian battlefield, Moscow and Ankara as unitary and rational actors both try to increase their relative power, which enables them to achieve their objectives mainly connected with prospects for national interests. The detailed analyses of the Russian-Turkish diplomatic negotiations and dynamics of joint military-political activities lead to the conclusion that despite competing for military-strategic, energy and geopolitical interests, both parties opt to jointly balance against common challenges. Being aware of the mutual necessity and adhering to the principles of “realpolitik”, Russia and Turkey prefer to negotiate and act within the framework of widespread interests, where real and potential mutual benefits prevail over disagreements.
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- 2021
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13. Sino-Vatican Rapprochement: An Assessment of Pope Francis’ Realpolitik and the Provisional Agreement on the Appointment of Bishops
- Author
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Chit Wai John Mok
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biology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Realpolitik ,Development ,Holy See ,biology.organism_classification ,Agreement ,Political science ,Law ,Political Science and International Relations ,Bishops ,China ,media_common ,Severance - Abstract
In September 2018, the Vatican and the People’s Republic of China reached a landmark provisional agreement, marking a new phase of relations between the two states since the severance of ties in 19...
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- 2020
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14. Velvet fists: The paradox of defence diplomacy in Southeast Asia
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Nicole Jenne and Jun Yan Chang
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Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,Southeast asia ,Competition (economics) ,Power (social and political) ,Foreign policy ,Political economy ,Political science ,Political Science and International Relations ,Secrecy ,Safety Research ,Diplomacy ,media_common ,Peacekeeping - Abstract
Defence diplomacy represents a notable paradox. On the one hand, it is a cooperative activity to build strategic and moralistic trust between states and thus positively shape the environment in which foreign policy is made. On the other hand, defence diplomacy also involves competition and demonstrations of military power, which may contravene its goal of building moralistic trust and undermine confidence between states. This article deals with the latter competitive realpolitik elements of defence diplomacy in terms of secrecy, swaggering, and shows of force that have largely been ignored in the literature. Building on a theoretical discussion of whether defence diplomacy works, the case of peacekeeping in Southeast Asia is analysed to illustrate how defence diplomatic activities produce effects contrary to their stated aims.
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- 2020
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15. A Moral Assessment of the Polish Israeli Declaration Following the 2018 Polish Anti-Defamation Law
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Orit Miller-Katav and Eyal Lewin
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Value (ethics) ,Compromise ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Judgement ,Declaration ,Realpolitik ,06 humanities and the arts ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,lcsh:Education (General) ,Ideal (ethics) ,0506 political science ,national narrative, victimhood, polish israeli relations, holocaust remembrance ,Politics ,Political science ,Law ,060302 philosophy ,050602 political science & public administration ,lcsh:H1-99 ,Narrative ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,lcsh:L7-991 ,media_common - Abstract
Aim: This paper focuses on the question to what extent the Netanyahu-Morawiecki joint declaration of June 27, 2018 was indeed a moral one. Ignoring the realpolitik versus ideal politics discourse, our goal is to find out whether solely on an ethical level one can judge the moral qualities of the political concession. Concept: To conduct an ethical judgement process, we took the following steps: (I) A review of the Israeli narrative. (II) A review of the Polish narrative. (III) An account of some moral shortcomings in both the Israeli as well as the Polish narratives. Eventually, these steps enabled us to reach a certain moral conclusion regarding the Polish Israeli declaration. Cognitive Value: We conclude that the Polish Israeli joint declaration was indeed a moderate compromise that could enable positive forces on both sides to strengthen their national narratives – not necessarily on account of each other. Furthermore, it could also serve as a mechanism that can elevate Holocaust research as well as universal understandings of lessons that can be learnt from the darkest age of human history.
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- 2020
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16. Cyber-diplomacy: cyberwarfare and the rules of engagement
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Jonathan F. Lancelot
- Subjects
Rules of engagement ,Cyberwarfare ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Law ,Realpolitik ,Cyberspace ,Diplomacy ,media_common - Abstract
This article is designed to outline the lack of international rules of engagement in cyberspace, and how traditional practices and laws of war are applicable to cyberwarfare and how it is not. If t...
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- 2020
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17. Targeting American Policing: Rogue Cops or Rogue Cultures?
- Author
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Lawrence W. Sherman
- Subjects
Politics ,State (polity) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Agency (sociology) ,State legislature ,Realpolitik ,Public policy ,General Medicine ,Criminology ,Legitimacy ,Democracy ,media_common - Abstract
Saving the legitimacy of a democratic policing system from the outrages of rogue cops and rogue police cultures cannot be done just by recommending what policies police agencies should adopt. In the USA and many other countries, police reform requires a realpolitik vision of who can get the policies implemented and how they can accomplish that. In the USA, the most powerful political actor for police reform is the State Governor, followed by the State legislature. All 18,000 local police agencies are creatures of the state in which they are located. Minnesota has not just the Minneapolis Police, but some 400 other local police departments. The most important step to save lives from criminal policing is for states to create Inspectors-General of Policing (IGP), along the lines of HM Inspectors of Constabulary in the UK. This would work best if the IGP would be empowered to decertify both police officers and police departments after a documented pattern of abusive (“rogue”) policing. The precedents of both Camden, New Jersey, and Northern Ireland are not exact matches, but they do show the potential for reforming any police agency that has become bankrupt in the eyes of key communities.
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- 2020
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18. India's Military Procurement Programs & Economic Capacity: Compatibility & Pragmatism
- Author
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Shakeel Ahmad, Shahid Hussain Bukhari, and Romana Fahmeed
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Great power ,Pragmatism ,education.field_of_study ,Hegemony ,Economic policy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Realpolitik ,India ,lcsh:Business ,Modernization theory ,Military Procurement ,Politics ,Procurement ,Business ,lcsh:HF5001-6182 ,education ,media_common - Abstract
In a world of Realpolitik, each state in the world always looks for increasing its power; some for the purpose of their survival and some seek to fulfill their hegemonic ambitions. Having a huge population, territory, economy, and military, the states like India usually desire to establish their hegemony; therefore, it is not surprising that India wants to achieve a Great Power status in world politics. Although India has great numbers in each area of strategic significance it lacks qualitative capacity in terms of military strength where the advanced weapon systems are the backbone of a country’s military power. In order to fill this gap, the Indian government has announced very ambitious military modernization programs and is concluding various military procurement programs around the world bearing huge costs while the big arms-exporting countries are getting involved in such ambitious military modernization programs of India. Over the past few years, it has been observed that the Indian economy has not been able to fulfill the costs of military modernization programs and the gap between the estimated costs of military procurements and the budget allocation is continuously increasing. Therefore, this study hypothesized that Indian military procurement programs and Indian economic capacity are not compatible with each other, which shall have perilous effects for the countries involved in such projects. This study provides an analysis of Indian economic growth and its comparison with the costs of India’s military procurements and finds that the stated hypothesis is correct to the extent of compatibility difference between the Indian economic capacity and military procurement cost.
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- 2020
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19. Democracy and ethical values from Islamic perspective
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Mohsen Kadivar
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Rest (physics) ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Perspective (graphical) ,Realpolitik ,Islam ,Liberal democracy ,Ethical values ,Democracy ,Philosophy ,Political science ,Political economy ,Inefficiency ,media_common - Abstract
Inefficiency or inadequateness of Western liberal democracy at home is not the problematic of the rest because they have not experienced it yet! ‘Minimal democracy’ is the problematic of the residents of authoritarian countries. Most of Muslim majority countries are under authoritarian regimes. They struggle to achieve the primary and minimal standards of democracy. The minimal democracy is the necessary condition for providing morality, ethics, justice, fairness, freedom, equality and rule of law. The record of Western liberal democracy for the rest in both periods – colonialism and postcolonialism – is not defendable, neither in support of democracy and human rights abroad nor in support of peace, morality and ethics in the globe. Comparing coexistence of Islam and democracy, Muslim conservatives, Muslim fundamentalists and Orientalists support inconsistency of Islam and democracy, and Muslim reformists advocate their consistency. Almost all of the so-called Islamic law are appropriate to the context of early Islam and do not fit the modern context. According to ethical-based Shari’a, democracy is the best available means for serving the moral purposes of Islam. Democracy offers the greatest potential for promoting justice, protecting human dignity, human freedom and emancipation. In this perspective, Shari’a, that is, ethical virtues, moral norms and standards of life are permanent, immutable, unchangeable and timeless. They are universal aspects of Islam. The Ethical-based Shari’a supports democracy strongly.
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- 2020
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20. Cultural studies and actually existing culture
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Benjamin Michael Woo
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Cultural Studies ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Realpolitik ,050801 communication & media studies ,Professionalization ,0508 media and communications ,Feeling ,050903 gender studies ,Aesthetics ,Cultural studies ,Sociology ,0509 other social sciences ,Empiricism ,media_common - Abstract
The cultural studies tradition is a big tent that is defined by academic realpolitik and feelings of affinity or disaffinity as much as anything else. This article recounts my own introduction to and professionalization within the field of cultural studies and, more particularly, how my relationship to empirical research methods changed over time. I ultimately want to argue for the importance of staying grounded in the analysis of real people’s real experiences of culture.
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- 2020
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21. A Problem from Washington: Samantha Power Enters the Foreign Policy Bureaucracy
- Author
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Michael Barnett
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021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Human rights ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Compromise ,05 social sciences ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Realpolitik ,02 engineering and technology ,Genocide ,050601 international relations ,0506 political science ,Philosophy ,Foreign policy ,Political science ,Law ,Memoir ,Political Science and International Relations ,Bureaucracy ,Administration (government) ,media_common - Abstract
In her new memoir, The Education of an Idealist, Samantha Power reflects on her eight years in the Obama administration. Although she claims that the experience did little to change her views, there is a considerable disjuncture between her point of view in her award-winning earlier book “A Problem from Hell,” in which she criticizes U.S. officials for not doing the right thing, and her point of view in The Education of an Idealist, in which she defends indifference of U.S. officials under somewhat similar circumstances during the Obama years. The author of Problem could not have written Education, and the author of Education could not have written Problem. What does this tell us about the possibility for ethics in foreign policy?
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- 2020
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22. Myths Surrounding Freedom of Information Laws
- Author
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Emmanuel Saffa Abdulai
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Open government ,National security ,business.industry ,Constitution ,Freedom of information ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,Legislature ,Democracy ,Politics ,Law ,Political science ,business ,media_common - Abstract
This chapter seeks to diminish mythical arguments advanced against FOI. Self-explanatory sub-headings are laid bare and taken apart, in such a manner that makes it clear that they are myths which are derived from concerns surrounding or stemming from realpolitik or political pragmatism. This chapter begins by briefly sourcing FOI from international instruments, especially African conventions, and cites the Sierra Leonean Constitution and the RTAI Act 2013 as setting out to protect freedom of expression and FOI. It makes clear that legally prescribed FOI is for all persons, and briefly touches on the effect of FOI on the media. It addresses economic and financial concerns associated with the implementation of FOI, specifically citing how the RTAI Act 2013 operates to address such concerns, and cites arguments in favour of the overall economic benefit of the implementation of FOI. It pulls apart the myth that FOI is a threat to national security by explaining how the currently prevalent construction of FOI allows for national security exceptions. It argues that the absence of adequate information management systems is a developmental challenge that ought not to impede the implementation of FOI, and that, by contrast, provisions in FOI laws can help facilitate that momentum. It dispels the floodgates arguments with evidence from the United States and Liberia and details legislative safeguards against floodgates. Lastly, it argues that the FOI regime instituted by the RTAI Act is not doomed to failure, since the Act provides for the enforcement and sanctioning capacity of the information commissioner. It concludes on the note that FOI is the foundation for open government and democracy.
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- 2021
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23. The year public health lost its soul
- Author
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Damien Contandriopoulos
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Public health ,Political economy ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Realpolitik ,Soul ,Test (assessment) ,media_common - Abstract
The COVID pandemic was an acute test of public health capacities worldwide. Many will hail the successes obtained and stress the importance of the discipline. On the contrary, this commentary defends the idea that the COVID pandemic response forced public health to enter in a Faustian bargain with governments and realpolitik that threaten the very core of the discipline’s principles.
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- 2021
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24. The True Tragedy as a Yorkist Play? Problems in Textual Transmission
- Author
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Richard Stacey
- Subjects
Folio ,Oath ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Philosophy ,Tragedy ,Assertion ,Realpolitik ,Throne ,Inheritance ,Classics ,media_common - Abstract
There are many linguistic differences between the two variant texts (octavo and folio) of Henry VI Part 3. One feature which has been largely overlooked by critics is evidence of a fairly consistent pro-Yorkist bias in the octavo of 1595. Richard of York’s assertion that the throne is ‘mine inheritance as the kingdome is’ (sig. A3v) is modified in the folio to ‘as the earldom was’ (1.1.78), placing his claim as the next step on the ladder of ambition rather than the assertion of a de jure fact. On the field of Towton, in which Edward leads the Yorkists to their greatest triumph, Warwick declares that he will soon ‘be crowned Englands lawfull king’ (sig. C5 r); the folio line is ‘England’s royal king’ (2.6.88), ambiguously suggesting that Edward will be royalized in an act of realpolitik. When an oath is sworn to effect a return to the Yorkist bloodline after Henry’s death, the octavo text includes four lines not in the folio, in which Henry concedes that Richard is king ‘by right and equitie’ (sig.
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- 2021
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25. The Evolution of Education Reform in the United States: Policy Ideals or Realpolitik?
- Author
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James Cibulka
- Subjects
Education reform ,geography ,Summit ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,Economies of scale ,Power (social and political) ,Consolidation (business) ,Political science ,Political economy ,Ideology ,Education policy ,media_common - Abstract
This chapter begins with a brief discussion of the role of ideals in policy development versus policy based on power. It discusses a number of competing perspectives on education reform in the United States and examines the reasons for the incoherent, kaleidoscopic nature of reform activity in this country. In the 1930s and 1940s concern about the small size of many school districts and high schools in the United States led education reformers to advocate school-district consolidation. It was argued that larger districts and larger high schools would equalize educational opportunities through finding reforms and improved economies of scale. During the late 1980s, partly in reaction to the apparent failure of ‘first-wave’ reforms, and partly as a function of their own ideology, American academics began to question whether the appropriate policy response had been made. George Bush provided a new impetus for centralization of education policy when he convened the nation’s governors in a highly symbolic ‘Education Summit’ in 1989.
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- 2021
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26. Macbeth and Trauma
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Willy Maley
- Subjects
Literature ,History ,business.industry ,Hypocrisy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,Doublethink ,Politics ,Memoir ,Depiction ,Military history ,business ,media_common ,Drama - Abstract
“The time has been That, when the brains were out, the man would die, And there an end”. Macbeth’s words ring true, but Philip Sidney’s cousin Henry Harrington is the subject of a memorable passage in Henry Sidney’s Irish Memoir that must give us pause. Rory Oge O’More took Harrington hostage in November 1577, to Sir Henry’s great distress, “for I loved him and do love him as a son of my own”. Harrington was “so wounded him as I myself in his dressing did see his brains moving; yet my good soldiers brought him away, and a great way, upon their halberds and pikes, to a good place in that country, where he was relieved, and afterwards (I thank God) recovered”. The Irish wars played into Shakespeare’s drama throughout the period, yet despite Anne Barton’s insistence forty years ago that Macbeth “is surely as much a history play as Richard II”, the so-called “Scottish play” has not been historicized in the same way as Shakespeare’s medieval “English” histories (whose own depiction of national and regional identities is often more complex than critics allow). This chapter offers a critical reading of Macbeth as a play preoccupied with war, including civil war and border warfare. Working at the intersection of battlefield archaeology, military history, and medical humanities it aims to re-contextualize our understanding of the play. It sets out to do three things: (1) track the representation of the effects and aftereffects of war and wounding in Macbeth and other early modern writings, such as John Read’s translation of Franciscus Arcaeus, A Most Excellent and Compendious Method of Curing Woundes in the Head, and in Other Parts of the Body (1588); (2) examine modern responses to Shakespeare’s play by soldiers and psychiatrists that raise issues about the care and control of veterans, and the politics of remembering and remembrance; and (3) reflect on recent responses to Macbeth as a drama depicting the consequences of post-traumatic stress disorder. Macbeth is arguably the greatest example of a character whose brutality is condemned so soon after being celebrated. There is clearly an exploration of doublethink in a play that holds up savagery as heroism in its opening act in the shape of the severed head of a rebel and holds up the head of the executioner, a hero-turned-villain, in its closing scene. With all the smoke and mirrors of witches and ghosts, audiences need to be alert to the play’s exploration of hypocrisy and realpolitik, and the experience and memory of conflict and survival.
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- 2021
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27. ORDOLIBERALISM AND EUROPEAN ECONOMIC POLICY: BETWEEN REALPOLITIK AND ECONOMIC UTOPIAMalteDoldTimKriegerRoutledge (2019), 276 pp. ISBN: 978–0367193812 (hb, £120.00); 978–0429202032 (e‐book, from £22.50)
- Author
-
Jürgen Wandel
- Subjects
Utopia ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Economic history ,Realpolitik ,Aerospace Engineering ,Development ,media_common - Published
- 2020
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28. When art was political: Historicising decolonisation and the Cold War in Southeast Asia through curatorial practice
- Author
-
Maurizio Peleggi
- Subjects
History ,Sociology and Political Science ,Human rights ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,World War II ,Realpolitik ,Nationalism ,Politics ,Vietnam War ,Political economy ,Political science ,China ,Decolonization ,media_common - Abstract
In Asia, and in Southeast Asia in particular, the Cold War was far from cold, witnessing the most deadly conflicts and political massacres of the second half of the twentieth century. Also, the clash of ideologies there did not follow a binary logic but included a third force, nationalism, which was rooted in the anticolonialist movements of the interwar years and played a significant role even in countries that decolonised peacefully after the end of the Second World War. The Cold War thus overlapped with the twin process of decolonisation and nation-building, which had its founding moment at the Asian-African Conference at Bandung in 1955, where the non-aligned camp, which advocated a neutral position vis-à-vis the two rival blocs, coalesced (one year ealier, the anticommunist Southeast Asia Treaty Organization had been established). Postcolonial aspirations to national progress that tied socioeconomic development to the civic and cultural elevation of the citizenry were widely shared among newly decolonised countries. By the mid-1960s, however, the utopian ‘Bandung Spirit’ had lost ground to Cold War realpolitik; intra-Asian and communal conflicts fomented by Cold War enmities (the Sino–Indian War of 1962, the Indo–Pakistani War of 1965, Indonesia's anticommunist purges of 1965–66) along with the escalation of the Vietnam War and the consequent exacerbation of regional divisions, belied governments’ earlier commitment to human rights, Third World solidarity and world peace. The authoritarian involution of several Asian countries that were often American allies, redoubled by the opening of their economies to multinational corporations, led many artists and intellectuals to embrace political activism. The conception of art as a revolutionary instrument in the service of the masses had been famously articulated by Mao Zedong at the Yan'an Forum in 1942. In China, Mao's prescriptions on art were sidelined, though never officially repudiated, only in the early 1990s, following the end of the Cold War and the adoption of a socialist market economy, by acknowledging the necessity ‘to respect and guarantee the creativity of individuals’.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. From Containment to Realpolitik and Back Again: A Realist Constructivist Analysis of Turkey–EU Relations and the Migration Issue
- Author
-
Martin, N
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Democratic deficit ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,Identity (social science) ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,Democracy ,Accession ,State (polity) ,Political economy ,Political science ,Constructivism (philosophy of education) ,Political Science and International Relations ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Business and International Management ,European union ,media_common - Abstract
The EU's reaction to the migration 'crisis' of 2015/16 was to 'shower' the Turkish government with 'gifts' to secure cooperation on the Aegean crossing. This led to accusations of realpolitik after Brussels made concessions to Turkey despite Ankara's liberal democratic deficit. This paper examines EU policy before, during and after the migration 'crisis' to argue that the situation is more nuanced than this suggests. Turkey-EU accession had been in a state of 'containment' for nearly a decade before the migration issue. Brussels' reaction to it raised questions about the EU’s liberal identity but it backtracked quickly once the extent of illiberality following the attempted coup d'état emerged. Turkey-EU relations then returned to a pre-migration state of 'containment' whereby Turkey remains a candidate but progress towards accession depends on liberal progress. Using Realist Constructivism, it concludes the EU's liberal democratic standards remain, but the liberal bar is pliable according to circumstances.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Beyond Culture and Power: The Role of Party Ideologies in German Foreign and Security Policy
- Author
-
Stephanie C. Hofmann
- Subjects
Hegemony ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Realpolitik ,Security policy ,050601 international relations ,language.human_language ,0506 political science ,German ,Power (social and political) ,Reflexivity ,Political economy ,Political science ,Political Science and International Relations ,050602 political science & public administration ,language ,Ideology ,media_common - Abstract
Power, culture or role, preceded by adjectives such as civilian, tamed, reflexive, hegemonic, commercial realpolitik or shaping, are commonly used to portray German foreign and security policy. Whe...
- Published
- 2019
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- View/download PDF
31. Sport and Peacebuilding in Israel/Palestine
- Author
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Jon Dart
- Subjects
Human rights ,Strategy and Management ,Refugee ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Peacebuilding ,Realpolitik ,Israel palestine ,Context (language use) ,Sport for development ,Work (electrical) ,Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management ,Political economy ,Political science ,media_common - Abstract
Those working in the Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) sector often claim that sport can, and does, make a difference. This article assesses this claim in the context of the conflict between the Israelis and Palestinians. Attention is given to the ‘peace’ component within the SDP initialism and on what ‘peace’ means in this conflict. An assessment is made of the work of thirteen organisations engaged in peacebuilding in this region. The article identifies that many of the sport-for-peace schemes involve Israelis and Palestinians/Arabs within Israel with few schemes seeking to involve Palestinians who live in the West Bank, in Gaza or in refugee camps in neighbouring countries. It is concluded that sport is not an appropriate vehicle for peacebuilding between Israelis and Palestinians because there is no peace – a necessary precursor for reconciliation. Realpolitik, in the form of Israeli territorial expansion and the Palestinian struggle for basic human rights, leaves sport-for-peace schemes attempting to build a bridge too far.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Fairy Tales and Hard Truths in Tacitus's Histories 4.6–10
- Author
-
Lydia Spielberg
- Subjects
Literature ,Panegyric ,business.industry ,Philosophy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,Historiography ,Power (social and political) ,Principate ,Rhetoric ,Fantasy ,Classics ,Praise ,business ,media_common - Abstract
In a new reading of Tacitus's account of the quarrel between Helvidius Priscus and Eprius Marcellus at Hist. 4.6.3–4.10.1, I show that the historian stages a confrontation between panegyrical and Realpolitik rhetoric about the Principate. Helvidius uses the consensus-rhetoric of panegyric to propose that the senate claim the freedom they theoretically possess in the regime of a civilis princeps. Eprius describes the autocratic “reality” of the Principate in terms of contingency, necessity, and power. Helvidius's panegyrical fantasy runs up against practical limits, but Eprius's hardheaded truisms prove equally problematic for senatorial oratory. The failures of both speeches comment on the necessity of a consciously fictive “public transcript” such as Pliny's Panegyric while pointing to historiography as the proper place for Realpolitik truths. The debate sheds new light on Tacitus's praise of Trajan and Nerva at the beginning of the Histories as a locus for collective senatorial self-fashioning.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. La imprecisa regulación jurídica de los procesos de secesión en el derecho internacional postcolonial. El caso de Cataluña
- Author
-
Juan Manuel Portilla Gómez
- Subjects
Secession ,State (polity) ,Declaration of independence ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Territorial integrity ,Realpolitik ,Neutrality ,International law ,Law ,Humanities ,Independence ,media_common - Abstract
La secesión postcolonial es uno de los temas más debatidos en el derecho internacional. La autodeterminación de los pueblos versus la integridad territorial de los Estados, y la unilateralidad de una declaración de independencia versus el no consentimiento del Estado resultan irreconciliables. Asimismo, el reconocimiento deviene en un elemento externo que incide de manera importante en estos procesos. El caso de Cataluña evidencia una excesiva neutralidad del derecho internacional y exhibe un escenario con asusencía de reglas claras que propicia que el derecho internacional se debilite frente a la Realpolitik.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. China's UN Peacekeeping in Mali and Comprehensive Diplomacy
- Author
-
Marc Lanteigne
- Subjects
Great power ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Economic growth ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Realpolitik ,02 engineering and technology ,Development ,VDP::Social science: 200 ,Humanitarian intervention ,050601 international relations ,0506 political science ,Intervention (law) ,Beijing ,Political science ,Political Science and International Relations ,VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200 ,China ,Diplomacy ,media_common ,Peacekeeping - Abstract
China's increasing participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations reached a milestone in 2013 when Beijing agreed to send a large detachment of personnel, including combat forces for the first time, to support UN peacekeeping operations in Mali after that country fell into civil war. This commitment was also distinct in that unlike other African countries where Beijing has supplied peacekeepers, Mali is not a major trading partner with China. However, this mission has both cemented Beijing's greater commitment to building African partnerships as well as demonstrating its determination to move beyond “resource diplomacy” and towards a more comprehensive approach to engaging the continent. Although China has warmed to the principles of humanitarian intervention in civil conflicts, Mali has been a critical test of China's ability to participate in UN operations in a country which is still facing ongoing violence. The Mali mission is an important step in Beijing's turn towards greater realpolitik in Chinese Beijing's peacekeeping policies in keeping with its great power status. At the same time, participation in the Mali mission has been beneficial for China, not only in helping to build the country's peacekeeping credentials in Africa but also in underscoring China's increasingly distinct views on addressing intervention in civil conflicts.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Westlessness? Challenges for the EU’s Soft Power Approach
- Author
-
Alexandra Ludewig
- Subjects
Populism ,Politics ,Soft power ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Political economy ,Terrorism ,Realpolitik ,General Medicine ,Moral authority ,Democracy ,Solidarity ,media_common - Abstract
The West claims to be an economic and political power. However, its moral authority seems increasingly pilloried in many places. Some political scientists even speak of “Westlessness”: populism, nationalism, right-wing extremism, terrorism and democratic fatigue are some of the symptoms. This disunity of many people in Western industrialised nations is nowhere more evident than in relation to the contested topic of immigration. It polarises societies, as it is precisely here that legal convictions clash with ethical and moral ones and subsequently fail in the attempt to create Realpolitik. This article will trace the events that led to the neologism “Westlessness” being coined, before it will contextualise responses from within and without to this diagnosis and use the EU’s responses to the so-called refugee crisis from 2015 until the present as a test case for its future in solidarity and unity.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Reason of State
- Author
-
Richard Devetak
- Subjects
International relations ,Politics ,Natural law ,State (polity) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Law ,Realpolitik ,Context (language use) ,Morality ,Intellectual history ,media_common - Abstract
Reason of state has been a central concept of political and international thought since it emerged in the late sixteenth century. Often associated with Realpolitik and assumed to be little more than an instrumental, immoral, and ruthless pursuit of power, reason of state remains a surprisingly underexamined concept in the study of international relations. This chapter offers an intellectual history of reason of state beginning with its origins in Renaissance Italy before moving on to discuss its development in the context of religious strife during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. It was in this context that Giovanni Botero wrote The Reason of State (1589), revising the language of political analysis and expanding the knowledge on which government and statecraft depend. The literature spawned by the concept of reason of state helped to legitimize the idea that states operated according to distinctive political and moral rules, even if debate persisted between secularizing thinkers and those intent on reconciling statecraft with religious doctrines. Natural law thinkers in the seventeenth century such as Thomas Hobbes and Samuel Pufendorf helped consolidate the idea of the modern state as an impersonal entity possessing its own legitimate form of political morality.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Beyond Ego and Alter: Enlarged Democratic Deliberation
- Author
-
Eleonora Piromalli
- Subjects
Argumentative ,dyadic model of discourse ,Power politics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Realpolitik ,06 humanities and the arts ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Deliberation ,political realism ,0506 political science ,Epistemology ,deliberative democracy ,enlarged democratic deliberation ,Politics ,Deliberative democracy ,Political science ,060302 philosophy ,050602 political science & public administration ,Public sphere ,Realism ,media_common - Abstract
According to a frequent objection coming from the tradition of political realism, deliberative democracy is impotent in the face of actors who, wielding power and money, refuse to engage in deliberation, or seek to distort deliberative processes. With the aim of disproving this objection, in this essay I proceed in three steps: first of all, I show that the realpolitik objection is based on a dyadic, two-person theoretical model of argumentative speech acts. To this model, considered limited and unsatisfactory by many sociolinguists, I counter a more complex and articulated framework. Second, I aim to demonstrate that this latter framework is capable of accounting for a temporally and spatially enlarged democratic deliberation which can be rejected or distorted barely, if at all, by agents relying on positions of power. In the third section, I highlight the many and important differences in grounding, nature and finalities between the model of enlarged democratic deliberation and forms of power politics based on strategic calculations and tactical alliances. Finally, I focus on the application of the model to societies characterized by structural injustices and distortions, with the aim of showing how it can help marginalized and victimized groups have their requests heard and discussed in the public sphere and in deliberative settings.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Political Influences on the ABC: The Loss of the Greater Good
- Author
-
Virginia Small
- Subjects
Power (social and political) ,Politics ,Political economy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Realpolitik ,Institution ,Journalism ,Social value orientations ,Public good ,Democracy ,media_common - Abstract
This chapter will examine the role of politics at the ABC and the influences that prevail upon and emerge from the organisation. It will take a broad definition of politics as referring to activities within and without that prevail upon how the organisation acquires and legitimates power. It will investigate the factors that create the means by which political actors function in the institution and the expectations and patterns that surround and inform their activities and actions. This chapter also considers how the ABC operates in the pragmatic world of realpolitik, as well as the politics of Australian governments. It will review how publics interpret these outcomes and respond to them. This is set in the light of changing social values and the influence of the education field on journalism. The shifting understandings of what constitutes bias have accompanied a move away from a focus on a general public good to the ascendancy of personal interpretations and individual concerns.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. India, Europe and the Rise of Asia
- Author
-
Pramit Pal Chaudhuri
- Subjects
business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,International trade ,Geopolitics ,Democracy ,Political science ,Regionalism (international relations) ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Position (finance) ,European union ,business ,China ,World view ,media_common - Abstract
The European Union has struggled to have an influence on Asia in areas other than trade and investment. Even the Asian conception of regionalism draws little from the EU example. The EU’s attempts to engage China with the idea of making it a responsible international player have been unsuccessful. Brussels’ post-sovereign world view has meant its engagement with democratic India has also been limited. At a time when US-China friction is resulting in a traditional geopolitical struggle across Asia, the EU is starting to move towards a limited return to realpolitik in its external policy. The recent EU strategy towards India, French and British military support for the US in the Indo Pacific, new Indian Ocean strategies by key European states and other straws in the wind are indicative of a more security conscious EU position on Asia.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. An International Law Historical Narrative: Realpolitik’s Subterfuge of West Papua’s Self-Determination Processes
- Author
-
Eileen Hanrahan
- Subjects
Self-determination ,International court ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Law ,Political science ,Narrative history ,Realpolitik ,Narrative ,International law ,Colonialism ,Crimes against humanity ,media_common - Abstract
Progressive lawyers emphasise the requirements for a genuine UN self-determination process for a Non-Self-Governing Territory (NSGT) were not met for the NSGT of Netherlands New Guinea (NNG). They query why the International Court of Justice (ICJ) had not been engaged to resolve the issue. They primarily argue that the secret negotiations which occurred outside the UN resulted in highly irregular ‘self-determination’ provisions in the NYA itself, and that the implementation of the sham vote in 1969 did not even satisfy the terms of the tainted agreement. By re-evaluating what happened in the past, this narrative establishes that there is now a ‘neo colonial’ [settler colonial] regime in West Papua.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Minority Populations: There Are More Than Meets the Eye
- Author
-
Olivier Serrat
- Subjects
Oppression ,Globalization ,Race (biology) ,Critical psychology ,Political science ,Political economy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,Subject (philosophy) ,Identity (social science) ,Privilege (social inequality) ,media_common - Abstract
This precis contends that hitherto unnoticed minority populations, subject to an even more systemic and tenuous dynamic of domination, oppression, and privilege, have appeared in the wake of globalization. The precis suggests that critical psychology can advocate justice-focused policy making better across an even larger constituency if it integrates concern for class, gender, race, and other identity categories more constitutively. The precis reasons that the existing and evolving institutional infrastructure of the United Nations System can help offset iniquities provided the binarism of realpolitik does not undercut far-sighted vision. Referencing Prilleltensky (2012) in particular, the precis flags core concepts at the intersection of critical psychology and globalization.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Resilience: Reconstituting Capacity
- Author
-
M. Ernita Joaquin and Thomas J. Greitens
- Subjects
Power (social and political) ,Government ,Politics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Human resource management ,Political science ,Realpolitik ,Psychological resilience ,Public administration ,Unitary state ,Democracy ,media_common - Abstract
Hamilton’s ideals of the accountable, energetic executive must be brought forward to the twenty-first century, tempered by the realpolitik of the unitary executive, and layered with the post-pandemic imperative of resilience. This chapter sums up and reflects on the dynamics of power that have coevolved with administrative capacity and what the recent executive initiatives and political developments imply for rebuilding efforts. A reconstitution of capacity in all its core dimensions is urgently needed. Beyond repairing the government’s human capital management capacity, building for resilient capacity involves revitalizing Congress, promoting administrative engagement, rethinking strategies for advocating reform, and renewing the democratic bargain that involves the public's sense of a shared fate with one another and with a capacitated government.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The Necessity Standard, Arguments, and Norms
- Author
-
David J. Lorenzo
- Subjects
Just war theory ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Jus ad bellum ,Realpolitik ,Political culture ,International law ,Diplomacy ,Democracy ,media_common ,Law and economics ,Nationalism - Abstract
Chapter 2 discusses the Necessity Standard, identifies the arguments officials consistently use to justify wars, and outlines traditional norms. It also locates the roots of the Necessity Standard in early American political culture. The standard therefore differs from other jus ad bellum standards found in Just War Theory and international law. It also differs from other concepts of necessity found in international law, diplomacy, realpolitik, and other sources. The subsequent discussion divides arguments officials use to justify military decisions into three main categories: nationalist, realist, and values. It also identifies a Democratic/Liberal Security proposition. The chapter then links those arguments with traditional norms—identified as the Constitutional, Security, Values, and General Welfare Norms.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Canadian Law and Realpolitik Regarding Indigenous-Industry Agreements
- Author
-
Arend J.A. Hoekstra and Thomas Isaac
- Subjects
Government ,Negotiation ,Balance (accounting) ,Leverage (negotiation) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Realpolitik ,Legislation ,Legislature ,Indigenous ,media_common ,Law and economics - Abstract
Impact Benefit Agreements (IBAs) are private contractual agreements negotiated between project proponents and Indigenous peoples. IBAs are most commonly negotiated by willing parties seeking to avoid risk: the risk that a project's approval may be rejected or delayed, and the risk that an Indigenous party may not be able to meaningfully benefit from the Project. In some specific circumstances, treaties and legislation require IBA-like agreements. This chapter considers the practical risk and strategic implications arising in IBA negotiations. It also examines the tension that exists in IBA negotiations, from a proponent, Indigenous, and government perspective. Through this examination, the chapter highlights the risk of government regulatory and legislative initiatives intended to promote IBA development, but which risk fundamentally altering the current tension that exists within IBA negotiations and which generally promote a balancing of interests. The chapter argues that any regulation of IBAs should occur only through a thoughtful and principled approach, considering the balance of leverage between parties.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Aurangzeb and Islam in India
- Author
-
Tilmann Kulke
- Subjects
History ,biology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Realpolitik ,Empire ,Context (language use) ,Ancient history ,biology.organism_classification ,Renunciation ,Militarism ,Fundamentalism ,Early modern period ,Emperor ,media_common - Abstract
Aurangzeb Alamgir (gov. 1658–1707) was one of the most powerful and dazzling rulers of the early modern period. After almost 50 years of rule, the Mughal Empire was twice as big as Europe, and the tax revenues were gigantic. And despite Aurangzeb’s numerous reform efforts and the empire’s enormous territorial growth, Aurangzeb’s rule—with only a very few exceptions—still gets characterized as backward looking, ultra-orthodox and even fanatic. But what if we break away from this traditional one-dimensional approach to Aurangzeb’s rule, which only sees religious fundamentalism as the crucial basis for his legitimization of rule? In this chapter, I argue that Aurangzeb deliberately staged his power and government on values and virtues such as discipline, renunciation, solicitude and militarism in order to clearly distance himself from his praiseworthy and lavish predecessors. In some places, I will present a brief comparison with Aurangzeb’s contemporaries in Europe and classify the emperor’s often-controversial decisions into a broader context; by doing so, we will find some very strange parallels.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Faith and Realpolitik: Tang Dynasty Esoteric Buddhism at Mount Wutai
- Author
-
Geoffrey Goble
- Subjects
Faith ,History ,History of religions ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Buddhism ,Realpolitik ,East Asia ,Ancient history ,Mount ,Asian studies ,media_common - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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47. NEGOTIATING VIRTUE AND REALPOLITIK IN ISLAMIC GOOD GOVERNANCE
- Author
-
Asma Afsaruddin
- Subjects
Good governance ,Negotiation ,Virtue ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Realpolitik ,Islam ,media_common ,Law and economics - Abstract
These words of John Lewis represent a scathing criticism of the contemporary failures of the United States, the oldest and possibly most vibrant democratic nation-state in the world. The words also express a deep disappointment that the principles of equality and justice enshrined in the US constitution have been honored more in the breach when they pertain to African-Americans, many of whose ancestors arrived on these shores long before those of their Euro-American compatriots.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Liberal Arts for Social Change
- Author
-
Ken Mondschein
- Subjects
Higher education ,Critical race theory ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Neoliberalism ,neoliberalism ,critical theory ,Political science ,lcsh:AZ20-999 ,American higher education ,class ,race ,Black Lives Matter ,media_common ,Equity (economics) ,Liberal arts education ,business.industry ,Corporate governance ,Social change ,Realpolitik ,lcsh:History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,humanities ,liberal arts ,critical race theory ,white supremacy ,Political economy ,business - Abstract
The author makes a strategic argument for the liberal arts grounded in realpolitik (that is, the &ldquo, realistic&rdquo, manipulation of the levers of power). In a time of neoliberal university governance, it is useful for fields of study to base appeals for their continued existence on their utility to their institutions. The growth of equity and diversity initiatives in the academy, particularly in the aftermath of the Black Lives Matter protests of 2020, gives us a means of making this argument, as the liberal arts have utility in questioning the structures of white supremacy and received history and values. By exploiting the cognitive dissonance between the demands of neoliberal governance and the need for diversity and equity, we can make a persuasive case for reinvestment in the liberal arts. Further, this reinvestment ought to be democratized and carried out through all levels of higher education, including, and especially, non-selective, vocationally oriented institutions.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Norms and Normative Orders
- Author
-
Gregory A. Raymond
- Subjects
Order (exchange) ,Power politics ,Foreign policy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Isolation (psychology) ,Wage ,Realpolitik ,Normative ,Realism ,Law and economics ,media_common - Abstract
International norms do not exist in isolation. They fit together in intricate patterns called “normative orders.” This chapter discusses two types of international normative order: permissive and restrictive. The former contains a broad conception of what is appropriate in foreign policy, maintaining that statecraft cannot be evaluated with the same moral criteria used to judge the behavior of people in their daily lives. The latter limits when it is justifiable to wage war, proscribing the practices of realpolitik that espouse wielding force without compunction.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Quiet Empire and Slippery Geography: Puerto Rico as Nonsovereign Territory
- Author
-
Judith Madera
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,H1-99 ,General Arts and Humanities ,Communication ,media_common.quotation_subject ,transnational american studies ,jtas ,Vulnerability ,Realpolitik ,Empire ,us neoimperialism ,Context (language use) ,Colonialism ,Diaspora ,puerto rico and nonsovereign status ,Social sciences (General) ,island territoriality ,Political economy ,Debt ,Citizenship ,us insular cases ,media_common - Abstract
Author(s): Madera, Judith | Abstract: This essay addresses sociospatial asymmetries configured into the status of nonsovereign island territories. It examines the roles of discourses as legal substructures for policies with clear economic and racial impacts. It also looks at the flexible ways location has been used by national courts, the executive branch, and US Congress to justify differential applications of rights toward island-based citizens. Slippery definitions of incorporation help ensure a nontransferability of national rights and a transferable system of cost-bearing and debt. The essay argues that neoimperialism was the realpolitik that gave logic to the territorial acquisition of Puerto Rico. It discusses diaspora, monocultural production, environmental vulnerability, and locational citizenship in the context of the US Insular Cases, beginning in 1901. By coding islands as suspended spaces from the metropole, quiet colonialism operates through obfuscation. It does not nest in any clear geographic form or authority, but instead works through laws, logistics and installations that are zoned at the crossroads of the foreign and domestic.
- Published
- 2020
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