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This article is dedicated to the 85th anniversary of Yuri Nikolaevich Karaulov, Russian linguist, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Philology, Professor, Laureate of the USSR State Prize. The main areas of Professor Yu.N. Karaulovs research interests are: 1) theory of language personality, 2) cognitive linguistics, and 3) theory and practice of lexicography. Professor Yu.N. Karaulov is the founder and head of the leading scientific school Russian Language Personality, the creator and one of the developers of the Machine Fund of the Russian Language (a system of complex computerization of linguistic research). The list of works of the outstanding researcher boasts more than 300 scientific papers, 13 monographs and 11 dictionaries. This article presents an overview of papers-reports of the participants in the International round table Language Personality: Results and Prospects of the Study, dedicated to Professor Yuri Nikolaevich Karaulov.

The article states that the mode of intentionality, being a socio-cultural phenomenon, manifests itself in the language personality in the form of its socio-communicative attitudes. In comparison with subconscious sets of the “general cultural script” which motivate and support the functioning of a socio-cultural system as a whole, the sociocommunicative attitudes of the language personality are much more flexible, susceptible to multiple changes in the social network of communication. The socio-communicative attitudes of the language personality are studied with the units of analysis that can be called semantic accentuations embodied in the multiplicity and multidimensionality of links in the human associative-verbal network (AVN). Yu. N. Karaulov’s ideas about the complementarity of word-changing, word-forming and semantic variability in the AVN of the Russian language personality (RLP) are developed and tested in the article on new materials in connection with the multiplicity of ways of concentrating meaning. Using the latest experimental materials of the associative-verbal database SIBAS 1 (2007–2013) and SIBAS 2 (2014– 2021), the author puts to the test different techniques of vector analysis, both on the entire array of associates and within individual associative fields (AFs). These techniques include: an automatic generation (extraction from the entire array of associates) of the AFs of the studied word-forming units; a comparative psychoglossic analysis of the current diachronic dynamics of the AFs of the selected stimuli; constructing vectors of lexico-grammatical variation of the reactions in these AFs against the background of their semantic vectors; extracting particular word-changing and word-forming paradigms from the entire array of associates with a subsequent analysis of their contribution to the concentration of meanings, etc. Such methods show different entrances to the AVN for access to the same points of concentration of meaning and help to assess the contribution of the dissipated throughout the network associative grammar to the formation of semantic accentuations of the RLP. Hypothetically, it seems possible to imagine the construction of the fluctuation dynamics of an associative-verbal hypernetwork (AVHN) of the RLP on the combination of accentuation vectors of its subsystems (networks of word-changing, word-forming or semantic variability) in the current diachrony and historical retrospective.

The paper analyzes the linguistic features of literary characters in the novel Bisbane by contemporary Russian author Yevgeny Vodolazkin. His way of underlining pronunciation, use of vocabulary with dialectal, social and individual linguistic features is considered. The language characteristics of individual characters are largely determined by their bilingualism of Russian and Ukrainian, so many examples of switching language codes have been noted. The extent to which the language of the characters reflects the sociolinguistic situation in the country where the action of this novel takes place is carefully researched.

Medical vocabulary is a part of the Russian language used by the professional community. Most of the terms are borrowed from other languages and poorly understood by most native speakers. The development of medicine, in particular, anesthesiology and resuscitation, leads to the emergence of many new conditions, symptoms, syndromes and their defnitions. The latter often cause controversy among doctors. The article is devoted to some aspects of the appearance of controversial terms in anesthesiology and resuscitation to discuss them.

This article is devoted to changes in the lexical composition of the Russian language during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Russian language, like other languages, has been supplemented not only with medical terminology. Social changes in society were reflected in the neologisms that appeared, words that existed earlier received a new understanding.

The question of the use of pronouns as an element in the process of word formation of lexical units of the German and Russian languages is considered. The material was texts related to different genres: journalistic, popular science, scientific, artistic. The novelty of the research is seen in the comparison of the word-formation potential of pronouns in two languages, the word-formation system of which has some differences. The result of a comparative analysis of vocabulary related to different parts of speech is presented. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of using personal pronouns that are involved in nominal word formation. It is shown that lexical units with components — personal pronouns in the Russian language are less typical, however, they are used in texts of a certain subject and in some cases are tracing copies from the corresponding foreign words. Attention is paid to the emergence of neologisms and occasionalisms, the use of borrowings. The question is raised about the role of context in the interpretation of words with pronominal components. It is concluded that the derivational potential of pronouns is higher in German, but the lexical units of the Russian language can also be formed using similar elements. An increase in the number of words of this type in the Russian language is noted due to the translated terminology from the Germanic languages.

With the ‘New National Teaching Quality Standards’ and its supplement – the ‘Guide for the Russian Majors Education’ as language education policies, this paper argues that these policies have const...

The article is devoted to the issue of word-formation motivation, which does not lose its relevance and plays a role not only in disclosing formal-semantic relations between words of one language and has not only theoretical, but also applied significance. The authors consider word-formation motivation consistently in its varieties in a comparative way on the materials of so different languages as Russian and Arabic and approach the mechanism of achieving semantic equivalence of translation. To the greatest extent, word-formation activity today, due to objective reasons, affects some special branch (technical, medical, etc.) vocabulary, which is increasing from year to year in national dictionaries. This extensive material, selected by the authors, not only illustrates the current trends in word formation in modern languages, but also provides an answer to the question about the degree of equivalence of this subgroup of words in Russian and Arabic. The goal to compare word-formation motivation according to a number of criteria in different-structured languages made possible not only to obtain theoretical information about what features each of the languages has in word formation and what derivational potential it has, but also to reveal an algorithm for translating derived words from one language to another. For this, the authors complete a number of such particular tasks as highlighting significant elements in the neologisms of the Russian and Arabic languages, establishing standards for the formation of scientific and terminological vocabulary in Arabic, searching for tools (transformation operations, specific word-formation formants) that will contribute to the achievement of translation equivalence from Russian to Arabic, etc. Also the analysis of differences in the mechanisms of the formation of new vocabulary in the Russian and Arabic languages provided an opportunity to supplement the relatively young and rapidly developing private methodology of Russian-Arabic translation.

The author of the article investigated the most important condition for achieving a new quality of education is the improvement of the lesson. The organizational form of the educational process in educational institutions. He also noted in his article that the lesson has unique opportunities to influence the formation of many personality traits.

The research is devoted to one of the modern trends in linguistics - cultural linguistics. The topicality is related to the study of the Russian language functioning as the language of diaspora in the eastern region of Latvia - Latgale. The research aims to characterize the means of expressing the concept fire based on modelling and analyzing its associative field in the aspect of Latvian picture of the world. Theory and practice of the associative experiment were used as a methodological framework for the research. The method of free associative experiment reveals the specific features of different cultures, as well as the functional peculiarities of the linguistic consciousness both of a separate individual - a native speaker, and of a certain ethnic or national group. The word fire (Latvian - uguns) was suggested as a stimulus word. The received reactions were analyzed according to linguistic and cultural-contextual aspects. A comparative analysis of the associative fields revealed both the specific features of the Russian linguistic picture of the world, which combines the characteristics inherent in the Russian language of the metropolis and the ones that indicate the influence of the linguistic and cultural environment, and the features and signs that coincide or are identical in the Russian and the Latvian linguistic picture of the worlds. The data processing and the analysis define the concept fire precisely as a full-fledged concept in the perception of the native speakers of the Russian language in Latgale, since not only the dictionary meaning is actualized in their linguistic picture of the world, but also a multi-level associative field, unique in terms of contextual connotations, is modelled.

The article deals with the process of modern Russian linguistic personality vocabulary enrichment as a result of cultural-historic development of Russia in concert with the Russian language. The purpose of the article is to describe and analyze semantically-structural features of lexical units being the most relevant and widely used in the modern Russian linguistic personality vocabulary; to characterize the «linguistic personality» term based on the native and foreign linguist scientific studies; to interrelate active vocabulary enrichment of modern linguistic personality with cultural-historic development of language, nation, country. The following linguistic investigation methods were used: method of observation, method of description, method of content analysis, method of scoring. As the result of study 5 lexical units, the most relevant and significant from national history and modern geopolitics viewpoint, used in speech of contemporary native speakers of Russian living both in Russia and outside, were discovered, described and analyzed: «alphabet», «satellite», «Sputnik V», «the Trans-Siberian Railroad», and «the Baykal-Amur Mainline» words. Conclusion. Cultural-historic development of nation and country encourages evolution of language system lexical level which leads to vocabulary enrichment of linguistic personality using this language as means of communication.

В настоящем исследовании впервые рассмотрена статья известного осетинского публициста, писателя Ахмеда Тембулатовича Цаликова «Мотивы поэзии Коста», опубликованная в эмигрантском журнале «Кавказский горец». В публикации А. Цаликова, посвященной 18-летней годовщине со дня смерти К.Л. Хетагурова, представлен анализ магистральных стихотворений из сборника поэта «Ирон фæндыр»: «Додой», «Ракæс», «Ныфс», «Сидзæргæс» и др. Исследуя поэтическое творчество К.Л. Хетагурова, А. Цаликов обращается к русскоязычным переводам стихотворений, большинство из которых выполненных самим автором публикации. Буквальное переложение А. Цаликовым стихотворений К.Л. Хетагурова на русский язык не позволяло нам анализировать переводные тексты по канонам поэтического перевода. Стихотворения, лишенные формообразующих средств – ритма, рифмы, местами строфики, анализировались по уровню адекватной передачи общего смысла исходного текста, лексических средств с национально-культурным компонентом в основе, в их числе междометия, идиоматические выражения, по степени сохранения А. Цаликовым в единицах переводах прагматического потенциала. В ходе анализа данных произведений нами установлены основные переводческие принципы, доминирующие при передаче единиц с национально-культурной семантикой; выявлено, что А. Цаликов использует смысловую замену, дефразеологизацию, описательно-разъяснительный перевод, опущение (элиминацию). В некоторых русскоязычных переводах стихотворений К. Хетагурова переводчик старался сохранить синтаксический строй оригинала, есть попытка придать ритм, рифмовать окончания строк, для чего используется инверсия (стих.-е «Æнæ хай»). «Объяснение» смысла некоторых лексем вынуждало А. Цаликова прибегать к нарушению лаконичности единиц перевода. Переводы А. Цаликова, естественно, не являются образцами переводческого мастерства. Труд переводчика ценен своей попыткой познакомить иноязычного читателя с творчеством гения осетинской литературы. This study is the first to consider the article by the well-known Ossetian publicist, writer Akhmed Tembulatovich Tsalikov "Motives of Kosta's Poetry", published in the émigré magazine "Caucasian Highlander". In A. Tsalikov's publication dedicated to the 18th anniversary of the death of K.L. Khetagurov, an analysis of the main poems from the poetic collection "Iron fandyr" is presented: "Dodoy", "Rakæs", "Nyfs", "Sidzærgæs" and others. Analysing Khetagurov’s poetry A. Tsalikov refers to the Russian-language translations of the poems, most of which were made by the author of the publication himself. A. Tsalikov's literal arrangement of the poems by K.L. Khetagurova into Russian did not allow us to analyze translated texts according to the canons of poetic translation. Poems, devoid of formative means - rhythm, rhyme, sometimes stanza, were analyzed according to the level of adequate transmission of the general meaning of the original text, lexical means with a national-cultural component at the base, including interjections, idiomatic expressions, according to the degree of preservation by A. Tsalikov in translation units of the pragmatic potential. In the course of the analysis, we have established the basic translation principles that dominate in the transfer of units with national and cultural semantics; it was revealed that A. Tsalikov uses semantic substitution, defraseologization, descriptive and explanatory translation, omission (elimination). In some Russian-language translations of K. Khetagurov's poems, the translator tried to preserve the syntactic structure of the original, with the aim of giving rhythm, rhyme line endings, for which inversion is used. “Explaining” the meaning of some lexemes forced A. Tsalikov to resort to breaking the brevity of translation units. A. Tsalikov's translations, of course, are not examples of translation skills. The work of the translator is valuable for his attempt to acquaint a foreign language reader with the work of the genius of the Ossetian literature.

The article examines the possible ways to promote the Russian language within the framework of the Russian state policy of “soft power”, which forms a positive image not only of the Russian world, but also of the Russian language itself. The relevance of the research area is determined by the need to adjust this policy to the current conditions, complicated by the information war. The authors proceed from the fact that, acting in two different qualities - as a tool and as the owner of “soft power” - the Russian language forms its image and reputation. Endowing the Russian language with the properties of a “soft po- wer” actor, the goal of analyzing the mechanisms of forming the attractiveness of the Russian language in professional and “naive” advertising, comparing the models of its presentation and determining the specific indicators of attractiveness, is set. The examples of social advertising (both domestic and foreign), emphasizing the power and strength, spirituality and purity of the Russian language, the examples of advertising slogans invented by native speakers, to which methods of text and discourse analysis are applied, are given. The research is carried out on the corpus of slogans taken from advertising campaigns of the Russkiy Mir Foundation, advertisements of university educational projects, school contests for advertising the Russian language, polls initiated by the media. The “professional” and “naive” models of the Russian language social promoting are compared, and the latter assessed as the most creative and promising. “Naive” advertising seems to be a more effective tool of “soft power” policy, since it turns out to be more multidimensional, more meaningful and more human than professional advertising, and forms a more attractive image of the language.

This article discusses the formation of students’ creativity in a Russian language lesson in detail. Russian language teaching is carried out not only in literature classes, but also in any educational topic and outside the classroom, in free communication with students; live Russian is becoming a universal of school life. The basis for the formation of civic and cultural identity is the Russian language. Teaching is a complex, multi-component mobile system that is rebuilt depending on who needs to be taught what, for what. This is a system that requires the synthesis of all theoretical knowledge, the ability to analyze, and model the situation of communication in pedagogical practice.

The relevance of this work lies in the fact that the specificity of the formation and development of German island dialects in Russia, in particular in the Kirov region, is associated with the problem of studying linguistic stability in a complex imbalanced linguistic situation and interference. The aim of this work is to identify the development features of German island dialects in a foreign language environment. The following methods have been used to achieve this goal: field methods in collecting linguistic material; method of sociolinguistic questioning and interviewing of respondents; statistical and comparative analysis when correlating the studied dialect systems with other German dialect systems, with the Russian language and Russian regional dialects. It should be noted that the German island dialects of the Kirov region have peculiar linguistic features, including new vocabulary units, as well as involving the language of the surrounding majority.

This article deals with the problem of the semantics of proper names. It is stated that onyms, in addition to lexicographic meanings recorded in toponymic dictionaries, also have psycholinguistic meanings. Lexicographic meanings are traditionally described in dictionaries in accordance with the principle of reductionism, which involves minimizing the features included in the meaning with a limited volume of the dictionary entry. Numerous experiments have allowed us to discover a new kind of meaning, which we call psycholinguistic. Psycholinguistic meaning is a meaning that is actually represented in the linguistic consciousness of native speakers of a particular language. The psycholinguistic meaning is identified and described in accordance with the algorithm developed by us in 5 stages: 1) conducting psycholinguistic experiments 2) constructing associative fields of word-stimuli, which are a set of associative responses to verbal stimuli, ordered in descending order of frequency, obtained during psycholinguistic experiments 3) semantic interpretation of associative fields and identification of semantic components 4) sememic attribution of semes and the formulation of the final psycholinguistic meaning 5) contrastive analysis, it includes a comparison of regional variants of psycholinguistic meanings. In this article, this algorithm is described by analyzing the semantics of the toponym “Voronezh”. The psycholinguistic meaning of the toponym “Voronezh” was revealed as a result of semantic interpretation of the data obtained during psycholinguistic experiments in Voronezh and Grozny. The brightness indices of semantic components and sememes, according to which their field affiliation is determined, are calculated. False semes were detected. A comparative analysis of regional (Voronezh and Grozny) variants of meanings with each other, as well as with the lexicographic meaning of the toponym “Voronezh”, recorded in the dictionary of E. M. Pospelov, is carried out.

This article explores the problems that arise in the educational process and its solutions, ways to improve the quality of education, the requirements for the teacher in modern education.

The present study aims to analyze the theory of ecotranslatology developed by the Chinese translator-theorist Hu Gengshen. The authors pay great attention to the application of its basic principles to teaching translation in general and the development of translation skills of Chinese students in particular. The main research methods are descriptive and comparative analysis, the method of systematization of language material, contextual analysis, component analysis of the word. In the course of the study, an experiment was conducted in which more than 30 Chinese students took part. The material for the study was the authentic texts of works of Russian fiction. By analyzing the examples of the translation of the works of A. P. Chekhov and N. A. Taffy into Chinese, the authors of this article demonstrate the main difficulties encountered in the practice of translation. A number of recommendations are given that help Chinese students develop translation skills from Russian into Chinese. In their conclusions, the authors point out that when teaching translation, it is necessary to draw students’ attention to the careful study of scientific works on the theory of translation, to develop students’ sense of language, to expand their stock of spoken vocabulary of the Russian language so that the emotional coloring of the work is not lost in the process of translation, and also to remember that the study of phraseological units is a cognitive process.

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of interethnic marriages between Russians and indigenous peoples of the North in the Krasnoyarsk territory in the 1950s. The research is based on the materials of censuses and surveys conducted by local authorities in the late 1950s. The focus of researchers was made by the Enets, the Nganasans, the Selkups, the Evenks and the Kets. Since the second half of the 20th century, contacts between the Russian population and the peoples of the far North of the Krasnoyarsk territory have become more frequent. In the context of construction projects in the region, there is an increase in marriages between Russians and representatives of local indigenous peoples. These marriages had an ambiguous impact, on the one hand they were an expression of the principle of "friendship of peoples", one of the basic principles of the Soviet state and contributed to the integration of the Northern territories into the Krasnoyarsk territory. On the other hand, mixed marriages accelerated the assimilation of these peoples and contributed to the cease and extinction of their culture. Their parents positioned most of the children in such marriages as Russian. In everyday speech these families, as well as a rule, was dominated by the Russian language, Russian culture., Статья посвящена феномену межнациональных браков между представителями коренных народов севера Красноярского края и русскими в 1950-х гг. Исследование осуществлено на материалах переписей и опросов, проводимых местными властями в конце 1950-х гг. В центре внимания исследователей находились следующие народности: энцы, нганасаны, селькупы, эвенки и кеты. Со второй половины XX в. учащаются контакты между русским населением и народами крайнего севера Красноярского края. В условиях строек в регионе происходит рост браков, заключаемых между русскими и представителями местных коренных народов. Данные браки оказали неоднозначное влияние, с одной стороны, они были выражением принципа «дружбы народов», одного из базовых принципов советского государства, и способствовали интеграции северных территорий в Красноярский край. С другой стороны, смешанные браки ускоряли процессы ассимиляции этих народов и способствовали исчезновению и угасанию их культуры. Большинство детей в подобных браках позиционировались родителями как русские. В обиходной речи подобных семей, как правило, доминировали русский язык и русская культура.

The paper analyzes the phenomenon of “Art English” and its impact on Russian-language texts about art. The author examines the peculiar features of the curatorial texts translation from Russian into English and points out the key translation difficulties. The research materials are the curatorial texts posted on the website of the museum residence “Artkommunalka. Erofeev and others” Kolomna, Moscow region. The research proves that the main features of “Art English” are inherent to curatorial texts both in Russian and English. English has not only become an international language of communication, but also a “trendsetter” in the field of curatorial texts.

The Russian language continues to maintain a leading position as a foreign language in China. Every day students have to work with much information in Russian. According to the confirmed data, the Chinese are representatives of cultures of the right-brain type of thinking. Today some works touch on the psychological and pedagogical aspects and linguo-methodological foundations of teaching Chinese students. The researchers believe it is possible to classify Chinese students as individuals with a significant dominance of the brain's right hemisphere. This is related to the specificity of the cognitive style of their educational activity, which manifests itself in the following features: in an inductive, concrete-nonlinear type of thinking, which allows one to perceive information holistically, at one time, in establishing connections not from word to word, but from image to word, with an important role of a visual image. Leading methodologists and psycholinguists recommend considering the dominance of the right hemisphere to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching Russian as a foreign language to Chinese. Nevertheless, the design of the educational material of the lesson is still formalized in a traditional, textual form. The article aims to experimentally answer the question: in what form, textual or schematic, Chinese students perceive and remember information better. The authors used an experimental method, which consisted in studying the development of educational material depending on the form of presentation: text or schematic. As a result of the experiment, it was revealed that Chinese students make much fewer mistakes when studying the material in a schematic form.

The purpose of this study is to show how using dictionary materials helps in creating the conceptual model, which separates the basic concept elements and shows stable communications between them. This article describes the training experiment and characterizes students’ studies of concepts, including how they employ different dictionary materials (linguistic, mythological, and concept dictionaries). The author pays special attention to how students work with didactic materials created by their teacher depending on the dictionaries’ content. The conceptual model, constructed as a result of the multifaceted activity, consists of two main components: 1) the poetic perception of home; 2) the everyday perception of home. Each of these components is further defined by a whole group of meanings.

This article describes a psychological portrait of the digital generation and characterizes the modern students’ typical traits that relate to their cognitive and personal development, communication patterns, and new cultural practices. The author employs the methods of theoretical analysis and generalizing the results of relevant academic sources, as well as the method of extrapolation — the transfer of their conclusions about the Generation Z onto teaching the Russian language. Special attention is paid to the mental processes and phenomena that have been most affected by the spread of digital technology: cognition, memory, semantic reading and understanding, as well as speech. The author discusses the following phenomena: clip thinking, transactive memory, and transformations of speech development. The results show how the new opportunities and risks of digitalization create new problems in teaching the Russian language, in particular. In addition, the author provides the exemplary assignments aimed at the development of systemic thinking, memory, and speech.

The article examines the current state of the space of the Russian language as a result of the relationship between various ethnocultural communities. The research area is limited to so-called “post-Soviet” countries. However, the time intervals encompassed by the study vary depending on the length of time these countries or parts of them have remained within a single state. The study verifies the hypothesis of a relationship between the duration that countries or regions remain within a single state and the degree of change in their language space. Regions of the post-Soviet space were combined into groups depending on how long they remained in a single state. A modern assessment of the state of the Russian language space is given for 2010. As a result of the study, the hypothesis is confirmed only as a general trend and therefore attention is paid to regions falling outside this pattern. In particular, within Russia, Kaliningrad Oblast and the southern Far Eastern regions are territories that have relatively recently become part of a single state, characterized by a high degree of language assimilation by the Russian ethnic group. In republics of Chuvashia, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Kalmykia, Dagestan, Ingushetia, and Chechnya, conversely, despite the duration they have remained within Russia, the smallest degree of transformation of the language space influenced by the Russian ethnic group is observed.

The subject of the present work is the process of professional development of teachers of literature in the system of secondary vocational education. The purpose of the article is to develop and give a meaningful description of the module of advanced training courses dedicated to the formation of students ‘ speech professional culture. In the process of working on the article, such methods as source analysis and modeling were used. The result of the work is the developed module of the additional professional program (advanced training) for the formation of an active vocabulary of the profession among students. The scope of application of the results is the system of additional professional education. The program and the materials of the module can be used in the construction of additional professional programs (advanced training) for teachers of Russian language and literature working in the system of professional education. The main conclusions of the article are the theses that the formation of an active vocabulary of the profession is part of the general professional culture of future specialists and requires a systematic approach to the training of teachers of words in the process of improving their skills.

The article considers the representation of the concept persistence in the Russian language consciousness. On the basis of the associative experiment, the author describes the field organization of the concept persistence in accordance with the core and peripheries and models the structure of this concept by distributing cognitive characteristics among the sensitive-figurative, information and interpretative fields.

The article discusses the ways of developing the oral speech of students in the lessons of the Russian language. It is concluded that the peculiarities of the speech portrait of adolescents are the reflection in their speech of "speech handwriting", the use of sentences with a complex syntactic structure and, at the same time, the poverty of 40 Национальная ассоциация ученых (НАУ) # 64, 2021 vocabulary, the use of jargons, abbreviations and parasite words; lexical, grammatical and spelling errors. In the speech of adolescents, there are both advantages that should be welcomed by the teacher, and many disadvantages that need to be dealt with using various methods of developing oral speech.

The article deals with the accentological characteristics of the morphemes of verbs in the Russian language. The purpose of the research is to test the hypothesis that the predictable place of accent coincides with the real one. The analysis is based on Great Russian morpheme dictionary more than 165 000 words by A. A. Kretov. The choice of the object of research is explained by the concept of the dictionary. BRuMS is a dictionary of morphemic segmentation based on the principles of etymological transcription. Due to Grammar Dictionary of the Russian Language accent schemes and the most significant morphemes with markings of 16 789 verb of the Russian languages are described. The research shows that 77 schemes of accent from those proposed by A. A. Zaliznyak is used to describe Russian verbs. Of these only 14 accent schemes are highly active. 63 accent schemes describe the minimum number of morphemes of the Russian verb. The data obtained in the article allow to research the correlation between accent characteristic and the morphemic composition of the verb. This analysis is effective for working with variables such as morphemes and verb accent schemes. The research obtained a high coefficient of determination, which is approximately 93 %. The article concludes that technique of accent markings is indeed productive and applicable for morphemes represented by etymological transcription in BRuMS.

Military vocabulary is one of the most important components of the vocabulary of the Russian language because of its active use in works of art. The role of military vocabulary in the fiction of A.P. Gaidar is practically not studied, as well as the language of the writer's works is not systematically studied. In this regard, the authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of military terminology in the language of Gaidar's fiction in order to identify the features of its use. The concept of military vocabulary and various approaches to its study are considered. The article presents an analysis of the role of military names on the example of works of fiction by A. P. Gaidar. The studied military vocabulary is divided into thematic clusters: words denoting a person by type of military activity, cluster "weapons and related items", cluster "military formations and units", cluster "localization of military operations", words denoting military and military equipment, cluster "military actions". The analysis was carried out within the limits of dictionaries compiled on the basis of two periods of Gaidar's work. For the first time, an attempt is made to analyze the dynamics of the use of military vocabulary with the allocation of categories of "real" and "potential" names.

This paper sets out to investigate problems associated with the formation of educational activity (including spelling) among students with disabilities. The author describes principles of speech therapy, generalises the results of long-term experience in studying dysorphography among primary schoolchildren with speech underdevelopment, indicates a positive and stable dynamics in the formation of a morphological basis for spelling activity (need-motivational, content-operational, control-evaluative components), as well as notes an overall increase in academic performance in the Russian language. The study has practical significance in terms of developing prevention and correction methods for managing this type of dysorphography among primary schoolchildren with speech underdevelopment. The described methods can be used for eliminating the mechanisms and symptoms of dysgraphia, carrying out a targeted and controlled formation of spelling activity, and improving spelling literacy. The obtained findings can be applied in speech therapy centres and educational institutions that carry out inclusive education of schoolchildren.

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с чтением и выбором текстов при обучении русскому языку детей-билингвов. Особое внимание уделено тому, какие жанры литературы привлекают детей сегодня и что нравится читать детям-билингвам младшего и среднего школьного возраста. Основываясь на собственном опыте воспитания двух детей-билингвов и опыте знакомых мам, автор разбирает данный вопрос и предлагает некоторые советы родителям и учителям при выборе текстов для чтения и работы с ними. The article studies the role of reading the russian literature in the bilingual families living outside Russia. It recommands which texts arent necessary for bilingual children.

The article focuses on the issue of the stylistic ranking (clarification of the system of stylistic labels) and correlation of stylistic labels with emotional and evaluative ones in the electronic lexicographic resource Database of Pragmatically Marked Vocabulary. The resource pursues the goal of the most complete lexicographic portraiture of the lexical meaning that contains pragmatic semantics (ideological, gender, national-cultural and emotional-evaluative). The macrostructure of the Database, criteria for the formation of the glossary, ways of interpreting the pragmatic content are described in the works of the participants in the lexicographic project E.G. Basalaeva, E.Yu. Bulygina, T.A. Tripolskaya. The material of the research is emotional-evaluative vocabulary (mrak, mychat’ (about human speech), vkalyvat’, uzhas, balbes, nytik, myam-lya, etc.) in need of special stylistic (colloquial, vernacular, rude, everyday, etc.) quali-fication. The authors relied on definitional, component and corpus analysis in the study. The study of the main explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language from the stand-point of the placement and correlation of stylistic and semantic labels allows obtaining the following information: 1) about lexicographic traditions relevant to the development of a new dictionary resource; 2) about possible dynamic processes in the field of stylis-tically marked vocabulary; 3) about the hybrid nature of stylistic and semantic labels: in some cases, stylistic labels (without emotional-evaluative ones) are designed to com-bine information about the sphere of use and emotional-evaluative semantics; and sometimes semantic labels, for example, contemptuous or abusive, serves as an indica-tor of colloquial or vernacular use. One of the primary tasks in the lexicography of these lexemes is the development of a possibly consistent system of stylistic and semantic labels. In the Database of Pragmatically Marked Vocabulary, the authors pro-pose to use semantic and stylistic labels in parallel in relation to each other. The created Database makes it possible to present a lexicographic portrait of a pragmatically marked word, the presence and interaction of pragmatic microcomponents, their dy-namics manifested in modern communication. Thus, the article analyzes the systems of vocabulary labels. The stylistic and semantic (emotional-evaluative) labels have been correlated, considering the seme and semantic variation of a pragmatically marked word; the algorithm for the lexicographying of emotional-evaluative semantics, which determines the stylistic characteristics of a word, has been developed.

Translation is the cornerstone of many scientific studies. This is a multifaceted niche in the literature, because translation studies as a phenomenon is due to the ambivalence of perception and judgment. Many writers and literary critics have substantiated this topic in their research. For example, M. Rylsky, R. Gromiak, A. Tkachenko, M. Lanovyk. This paper focuses on only one aspect of the mainstream, namely the study of translation from a related language, as it seems that this type of text reproduction may cause less difficulty compared to translation from distant languages, but de facto hide many obstacles on the way to the perfect metamorphosis of the components of the text. Through I. Drach’s interpretations it is possible to trace the uniqueness of his idiosyncrasy within the colorfulness of the Ukrainian language and linguistic realities. Purpose: to investigate the comparative aspect on the material of Russian-language transformations of I. Drach’s poetry: comparison of art worlds, receptive strategies of narrators, the role of translations and the mediating language between the author and the recipient. According to the set purpose the following tasks are allocated: make a comparative analysis of I. Drach’s poetry and its Russian-language transformations; to investigate the level of completed translations, distinguishing between positive and negative aspects; to define the role of «pseudo-friends of translators», creolisms, untranslatable realities and translation compensations in interpretations of Ukrainian-language poems; to investigate whether the translation tries to preserve the so-called spirit of the original, whether it adapts the poetry to the level of another language, thinking, national psychology; determine the extent to which the balance between the transformation of architecture, rhythmic melodies, associative, metaphorical and symbolic systems of the original is preserved.

In the article, the onomastic vocabulary of the 15–17th centuries is determined as an aspect of the ancient anthropological tradition. The proposed historical and etymological reconstruction of the nominations testifies not only to the evolution of the processes of naming a person, but also expands the native speakers’ understanding of the ethno-cultural potential of the nation.

In this article, we try to figure out the linear order rules for the functional words dӗlja and radi as represented in Old Russian texts from the 11th to the 13th century. These rules demonstrate that in certain contexts the syntactic behaviour of the elements in question does not comply with normal patterns for prepositions but is rather characteristic either of the so-called 2nd position clitic adpositions located within the nominal phrase they dominate (which is the most general case) or of the postpositions which follow the whole nominal phrase (which case is far less frequent).

The article analyzes journalistic criticism in Armenian periodicals. Examining the large textual material of the informational analytical genre, the author reveals a generalized image of the Russian press. According to Armenian opinion journalists, representatives of the press and literature were the “stepchildren” of the Russian Empire, since publishing was on an unequal basis with other types of entrepreneurship. According to the Armenian periodicals, the only characteristic inherent in all periodicals published in the empire was defining the “non-native”. In other cases, a differentiated approach to journalistic activity was observed, which was the result of the program policy of the newspaper’s editorial board, ideological orientation, economic benefits, and interpersonal relations. Speaking about the work style of the capital city’s press, Armenian journalists emphasized the regularity of its superiority and dominant position, andpointed to the hierarchical subordination of the non-Russian press. The onesidedness and verticality of the information flow were criticized. These were thought to be due to the indifference of the metropolitan press to the newspaper and literary activities of other peoples. Armenian journalists noted that Russian writers generally stood above selfish intentions and loyalty to the party, wanting only the freedom of speech and pen, while Russian journalism was characterized by stereotypical thinking (in particular, in relation to other nations), commercialization, and – in some cases – mercantile interest. Expanding their activities in the same cultural space, formed when comparing the cultures of different nations, journalists of Tiflis often opposed each other taking into account these cultural characteristics. According to Armenian journalists, periodicals published by Russians, Armenians, Georgians and representatives of other nationalities, just like representatives of these periodicals, were alienated from the local society and marginalized. The Russian-language periodicals mostly ignored the “natives” and rarely addressed their problems. Moving away from the national essence, Armenians publishing Russian-language newspapers, involuntarily, or on the basis of personal motives, harmed the national publishing business and, with their actions, hindered the development of Armenian culture. In the perception of Armenian journalists, part of the Russian periodicals published in the two capitals and in Tiflis adhered to a stricter colonial policy, which often acquired a xenophobic character. Recognizing that the Russian conservative press was more established and, unlike the liberal press, developed according to a clear ideological program, Armenian journalists considered the representatives of this trend to be the defenders of regression, not of national identity. The alienation of some Russian and Russian-language publications was especially evident during periods of interethnic clashes and socio-political tension. Since national regions were governed situationally, often unevenly, the press, as an echo of this style of action, further aggravated the chasm between the peoples inhabiting the Caucasus Viceroyalty and contributed to the deterioration of relations between the Russian and national peoples, and extremist calls were reflected in Armenian periodicals.

This article examines the semantic and structural features of the lexical and semantic field of “beauty” in the Russian language. The lexical and semantic field of the basic lexeme “beauty” is defined: beautiful, pretty, natural beauty, cute, attractive appearance, good, deftly. Russian Etymological Dictionary edited by Fasmer M., Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Dal V. I. and Explanatory Dictionary by Ozhegov S. I. were used to identify the characteristics of each component of the lexical and semantic field of the lexeme “beauty”.

The paper is devoted to the analysis of lexical markers of hatred in Polish and Russian and their syntactic roles. The following units remain in the scope of the Author’s interest: ненавидеть, ненависть, ненавидящий, ненавистный, ненавистно; nienawidzić, nienawiść, nienawistny, nienawistnie. In order to express strong enmity towards somebody or something the verbal model of a state sentence is usually used: Nienawidzę cię; Я тебя ненавижу (I hate you). The remaining examples name the negative emotional state of the subject indirectly.

The goal of this research is the analysis of structural metaphors in economic discourse in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian newspapers, as well as determination of the principal metaphoric models in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian media. The article employs the material from the original sources. The main research methods include component analysis, comparative analysis, and method of continuous sampling. As a result, the author highlights the peculiarities of conceptual structural metaphor and principal metaphorical models in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian economic texts: economics is the battlefield; economics is the weather; economics is the health condition; economics is the sports. Description is given to the peculiarities of conceptual structural metaphors in the titles of the leading Vietnamese and Russian economic newspapers. The acquired materials can be applied in translation practice, as well as textbooks on the stylistics of Vietnamese and Russian languages. The conducted research is also valuable for comparing linguocultures of the two languages. The conclusion is made that the conceptual structural metaphors are actively used in the titles of Vietnamese and Russian publicistic articles of economic nature.

Introduction: the article is devoted to the study of the development of books of poems as a major genre form in modern Russian-language poetry of Mordovia and fits into the complex of Russian literary studies concerning the peculiarities of the development of the Finno-Ugric literary process. In the course of the research, the typological features of a thematic and «final» book of poems are revealed; the poetological features of this genre in the works of the poets of Mordovia belonging to the «traditional» and «avant-garde» paradigm are analyzed. Objective: to analyze the main trends of the development of a book of poems in the literary process of Mordovia. Research materials: the poetry books by A. M. Sharonov «The Monologues» and S. Yu. Senichev «Grapes in Chocolate, or Compounding». Results and novelty of the research: the analysis of the modern Russian-language poetry of Mordovia has shown that today there are two ideological and artistic paradigms: «traditional» paradigm based on the experience of classical Russian poetry and «avant-garde» paradigm developing with the support of postmodern experiments. The diversity of poetic practices makes it possible to determine the ways of development of a book of poems in the poetic process of the republic. In the creative works of the poets of Mordovia two genre-specific forms, such as thematic and «final», are developing. Moreover, the traditional poets most often comprehend the problems concerning the preservation of the national identity of the Mordovian people. They poetically sum up the plots and images of national mythology and folklore. The genre form of a «final» book of poems allows the most representative to convey the scale of significant historical and sociocultural events of the era, as well as to present the author’s biography against the background of these events. The avant-garde poets, on the contrary, move away from national attributes. The associative and metaphorical principle of constructing a book of poems becomes more important for them, where along with the lyrical understanding of the world there is a philological game, intertextuality, and allusiveness. Through the techniques of literary play authors often express nostalgia for lost values. The analysis of the poetic of the books of poems by A. M. Sharonov and S. Yu. Senichev will allow not only to determine the features of their creative manner, but also to trace the ways and character of the development of modern Russianlanguage poetry in Mordovia as a whole.

During our previous research, we found that the grammatical ambiguity of most frequent words of European languages has a different distribution in comparison with less frequent ones. In the current research, we investigate in more details the reasons of such a phenomenon; we pay a special attention to the first thousand of most frequent tokens. Our investigation of modern disambiguation systems demonstrated that the increase of language diversity, we had found for most frequent words, leads to increase of number of mistakes made by those systems..

Until the 1960s, Finland was more often the country of origin than the country of destination. Once a depressed area, it soon turned into a welfare state, becoming one of the most attractive countries for international migrants. Since Finland’s labour market and society are beset with demographic problems, the country gladly accepts labour migrants, particularly those from neighbouring states. Most EU immigrants coming to Finland are Estonians. Immigration from without the EU — from Russia and other former Soviet countries — has, however, an even greater potential. Non-EU immigration falls into several categories — from seasonal labour migration to the relocation of top specialists and entrepreneurs. Currently, family reunification, marriages, and student and labour migration account for most migration from Russia to Finland. This article attempts to study immigration to Finland from neighbouring countries, primarily from Russia. The result of the study is an analysis of principal channels of international migration to Finland. These are family reunification, student migration, top specialist relocation, and the expansion of Russian business. Finland is in dire need of healthcare specialists, researchers, business development and IT specialists, and other professionals. For example, Russia-bordering Finnish regions lack upper and middle-level healthcare specialists. The focus of the study is on the professional and socio-demographic structure of labour migration to Finland and the country’s migration policy on the adaptation and integration of Russian-speaking immigrants. The article gives a general picture of Finland’s migration policy on labour migration from Russia and other countries. In collecting and processing materials, data from official websites of Finland’s Migration Service and Employment Service, the database of Statistics Finland, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, and the Finnish National Agency for Education were used.