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A reflection on the challenges and joys of practicing medicine as a Catholic physician: God often leads us on paths we could not have imagined, and there is a beauty in the surrender to His will. The practice of medicine is increasingly challenging and yet we are called to shine brightly and to live out our vocations without fear, as stumbling blocks to our colleagues. Written from the perspective of a first-year resident in general surgery, this essay is a collection of experiences aimed at inspiring hope and providing encouragement to other Catholic physicians on our collective journey through the practice of medicine as a vocation. Summary: A collection of short stories from medical school, graduate school and the first year of residency, with reflections on the personal transformation that occurs along the journey of practicing as a Catholic physician scientist.

Case overview Odds & Edge, a micro venture based in Ahmedabad, India, has created a niche for itself in the affordable designer wear segment. Covid-19 induced lockdown pushed Odds & Edge to the brink of collapse. And because of the severe cash crunch partners need to take a call regarding the continuation or closure of the venture. The case is intended to be discussed in an entrepreneurship class for post-graduate level participants. The case setting is inside Odds & Edge and it was May 01, 2020, when Ms Jheel Jain - a partner & the protagonist, needed to decide the future of the venture. Participants will have a brief understanding of entrepreneurial traits and will also learn about the Ansoff Model of expansion in case of continuation and the different exit choices for an entrepreneur. As Odds & Edge operates in the fashion industry, students will be able to understand the concepts such as Ecopreneurship, Circular Economy, and Trashion. The case follows through the background of Ms Jain, the ideation stage, and the players in the Trashion Industry. It then moves on to the operation of Odds & Edge narrating the process, products, and partners of the venture. The case ends with the decision dilemma for Ms Jain i.e. should she continue? If yes then how could Odds and Edge expand & grow? Or Should Jheel surrender and exit? If yes then what are the probable exit choices for her? Learning objectives 1. to understand the concept of Ecopreneurship, Circular Economy and Trashion; 2. to identify and discuss common entrepreneurial traits; 3. to analyze the Ansoff Matrix for exploration of various expansion/growth strategies; and 4. to understand different exit strategies available to an entrepreneur. Complexity academic level The case is intended to be discussed in an entrepreneurship class for post-graduate level participants. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CCS 3: Entrepreneurship.

Disaster events – which can arise from meteorologic, geologic, technologic, or biologic hazards – have long served as sites to investigate socio-behavioral phenomena. Their disruption to and suspen...

Independence and critical thinking are crucial for survival in our contemporary world. Learners and new teachers in training should be trusted to discover and develop their own voice in teaching and learning and be encouraged to surrender expectation to produce predetermined outcomes by strictly following scripted curriculum because it is detrimental to learners and teachers alike as it does not foster independence and critical thinking. Through engaging in creative teaching and learning practices that encourage imagination, questioning, observation and reflection we can see beyond what is perceived as normal and understandable and seek new ways to interpret reality and experience things of everyday life as well as learn to listen to our students and support them in their own discovery., L’indépendance et la pensée critique sont cruciales pour la survie dans notre monde contemporain. Il faut avoir confiance que les apprenants et les nouveaux enseignants découvriront et développeront leur propre voix en enseignement et en apprentissage et qu’ils seront encouragés à abandonner l’attente de produire des résultats prédéterminés en suivant strictement le programme d’études, qui ne favorise pas l’autonomie et l’esprit critique. En nous engageant dans des pratiques d’enseignement et d’apprentissage créatives qui encouragent l’imagination, le questionnement, l’observation et la réflexion, nous pouvons voir au-delà du normal et compréhensible. Nous pourrons alors découvrir de nouvelles façons d’interpréter la réalité et de vivre le quotidien ainsi qu’apprendre à écouter à nos étudiants et les accompagner dans leurs propres découvertes.

The denuclearisation of North Korea is unlikely. Neither pressure nor rewards will persuade North Korean decision-makers to surrender their nuclear weapons because they have good reasons to see den...

This study aims to review the totality of love in Rabia'ah Al Adawiyah's poetry based on the semiotic perspective of Charles Sanders Peirce, namely icon, index, and symbol. The research process was carried out using a descriptive-qualitative method. The results found that there were two forms of icons, eight forms of indexes, and three forms of symbols which were analyzed from the seven poems mentioned in the study. The form of totality of love by Rabi'ah's love is described by of index and symbol. The author concludes that from the eight indexes, the totality of love described by sacrifice, willingness, a sense of closeness, fear of making mistakes, unwillingness to rewards, and unwillingness to another. The totality of love in symbols form is described by word "drunk" which sometimes makes self forgetting and also “prayer” as an effort to completely surrender to God. Keywords: Poetry, Semiotics, Totally of Love, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas bentuk totalitas cinta dalam sya’ir Rabi’ah Al-Adawiyah berdasarkan perspektif semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce, yaitu ikon, indeks, dan simbol. Proses penelitian ini dijalankan dengan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Adapun hasil yang ditemukan bahwa terdapat dua bentuk ikon, delapan bentuk indeks, dan tiga bentuk simbol yang dianalisis dari tujuh syair yang disebutkan dalam penelitian. Adapun bentuk totalitas cinta Rabi’ah tergambarkan melalui bentuk indeks dan simbol. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa dari delapan indeks, tergambarkan totalitas cinta berupa pengorbanan, kerelaan, rasa kemelekatan, ketakutan untuk berbuat salah, ketidakpedulian terhadap imbalan, dan ketidakinginan untuk beralih kepada yang lain. Adapun totalitas cinta dalam bentuk simbol ditandai dengan adanya kata “mabuk” yang kadang kala membuat lupa akan diri sendiri dan juga ibadah sebagai upaya berserah seutuhnya kepada Allah. Kata Kunci: Syair, Semiotika, Totalitas Cinta

Purpose: The turbulent times created by the recent uncertain events give only two solutions – either surrender or fight-out. It has been the story so far for the MSMEs in India. Three events that changed the business scenario include the implementation of demonetization & GST and the pandemic-related restrictions. Survival became the only viable factor for businesses. This study dwells deeper into these three events and their influence on the adoption of digitalization by MSMEs in rural India. Methodology: Responses of the rural MSME owners were collected through a structured questionnaire containing multiple-choice questions on a 5-point Likert scale. To have better clarity, responses of 274 rural MSME owners were finally considered for the data analysis. For factor analysis of the data, the process of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was adopted with the help of IBM SPSS 25.0. To find out the validity of the model, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was performed by using IBM AMOS 21.0. Findings: It is found that the pandemic effect has the strongest significance followed by the demonetization effect on MSME owners towards the adoption of digitalization for their business. GST was implemented within a year of demonetization, so its effect is found to be non-significant. Practical Implications: The results of the study will help the government as well as IT solution providers to chalk out their strategies, products, or reforms taking into consideration the particular problems faced by MSMEs related to demonetization and pandemic closure. The outcome will also help in better implementation of the ‘Vocal for Local’ initiative. Originality: The results of the proposed study indicate that during all the three major events, the importance of digitalization has been witnessed by the MSMEs. These uncertain times have prioritized the use of digitalization not only for their survival but also to match the consumers’ demands during those periods. This study shows the importance of digitalization and will help the cup to reach the lip and both the economy and the MSME owners will be benefitted from it.

The Treaty of Amiens, which brought an end to almost a decade of Franco-British warfare in March 1802, has long been understood as a flawed attempt at peace making. The British government’s surrender of most of its wartime colonial acquisitions, combined with a failure to push for guarantees on the Continent, has been interpreted as a meek acquiescence in France’s domination over Western Europe. The recommencement of war in May 1803 simply seems to confirm the supposition that the treaty was fundamentally inadequate. This article questions that interpretation by examining Britain’s relations with and policies towards Europe, and above all towards the Netherlands, during the period of negotiation and subsequent peace, 1800-3. It suggests that the British government did not conceive Amiens as the surrender of key interests, but as a base from which British influence could be reasserted. By looking at the context of Britain’s historical connections to the Netherlands, their experience of previous periods of relative diplomatic isolation, and the wider framework of European treaties, it is shown that British ministers had every reason to believe that the Treaty of Amiens left Britain in a reasonably strong position to limit French dominance.

The article shows that during the two decades of the 21st century, a new reality of trade and economic relations between the Russian Federation and Latin America (Latin-Caribbean America – LCA) has been formed and filled with concrete content, which, it can be argued, has passed the test of complementarity, and in a number of cases reached the level of large-scale partnership. According to the author, these relations are not artificially done geoeconomic construction, but a consequence of both objective factors that bring Russia and the LCA closer together (including in approaches to achieving the sustainable development goals and restructuring of the existing system of world economic relations), and the efforts of state bodies, business circles, representatives of the expert community interested in the development of Russian-Latin American cooperation. Of course, over the past decades the dynamics of trade and economic relations between Russia and Latin America has not always been stable, at some point it was largely lost, there was some pullback and “surrender” of some significant positions. This happened in large part because in the conditions of increased turbulence in the international markets and rapid global changes, the parties sometimes lost a promising vision of the future of Russian-Latin American economic cooperation, did not find opportunely new areas of cooperation attractive to both sides. In fact, positive introductory approaches to strengthening relations on the principles of strategic partnership have been periodically tested, especially in times of renewed international instability that has eroded the established world order. But each time the parties mobilized existing internal reserves and offered extraordinary areas of interaction. An example of the most recent time is the Russian vaccine Sputnik V, which has crossed political boundaries on the map of Latin-Caribbean America, became the core of the so called “vaccine diplomacy” and opened a “second breath” in the relationship between Russia and the LСA in the key area of business cooperation.

One year after the German surrender in World War II, an exhibition about the “Great Patriotic War” opened its doors in the regional museum of Chelyabinsk. The curators presented the visitors with a geological take on the war events: the exhibition employed a geological time frame, which started with the genesis of planet Earth, and displayed a large introductory section on natural resources of the Southern Urals, the museum’s home region. The exhibition makers reasoned that the Soviet war effort was inextricably linked to the region’s inanimate environment with its rich deposits of minerals and metals. Based on archival documents and published sources, this article explores how a narrative focusing on minerals and metals could find a place in an exhibition about the Soviet war effort. It argues that the museum director’s personal background as an earth scientist, the short-lived regional diversity of war memory in the postwar Soviet Union, and a particular vein of environmental thought that was widespread in Soviet and international geology influenced this remarkable exhibition.

Field Marshal Count Terauchi’s personal surrender of swords to Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten in November 1945 highlights some of the complexities related to the Japanese surrender in Southeast Asia. Japanese swords served as important symbols for both their owners and the Allies. Mountbatten’s determination to dispossess the Japanese of their swords reflected his views on Japan’s militarism and a desire to impress upon soldiers their subservience to British authority when most had not been directly defeated in battle. On the other hand, Mountbatten was constrained by the huge area placed under his command, the lack of resources at his disposal and rising nationalist resistance. In these circumstances, Mountbatten sought the co-operation of surrendered Japanese personnel in British interests. The issue of surrendering Japanese swords underlines Mountbatten’s conflicting objectives and Count Terauchi’s efforts to manipulate the situation.

Reverse mortgages have been an important financial tool for cash poor seniors to release home equity. In the United States, most reverse mortgages are insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) through the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) program. Previous literature on reverse mortgage insurance often considers mortality as the main loan termination risk, and less attention has been paid to terminations due to loan prepayment, such as refinancing, repayment, and move-out. However, prepayment of reverse mortgages presents a significant risk to lenders and the HECM program. The Report to Congressional Requesters (United States Government Accountability Office, 2019) shows that about 28.5% of the total known reverse mortgage terminations in Fiscal Years 2014–2018 were attributed to loan refinancing, repayment, or move-out due to non-health reasons, whereas 48.6% of known terminations were attributed to mortality. In this paper, we employ an exogenous intensity-governed surrender model to study prepayment risk in reverse mortgages. The proposed model captures both macro-economic and non-economic drivers in surrender decisions. This paper complements existing studies of surrender behavior in reverse mortgages and provides a novel approach to incorporate prepayment risk into reverse mortgage pricing.

As the man appeared in the world, the native speakers of Tamil language Originated. Humans worship God on religious grounds They went further. God divided worship according to the land Were. Vegetarian and Vaishnavas are two of the greatest religions in Tamil Nadu Both were terrifying. Worship and worship Thirumala as the God of Vaishnava Maui. In the book Nallaira Divya Prabandham sung by twelve persons Four thousand songs highlight the glory of Perumal. Andalus contributes to the Lord in the order of the subordinates Thiruppavai has sung the script for surrender. Awakened in the thread Thirty passions of love to the Lord and to the Lord Sung to surrender. Not just during the dawn of dawn She also mourned the women of the Archdiocese Invites. If the women observe the fasting of the month it is about three months It is raining and the country is thriving. Their life Have a good husband. Everybody lives and lives Should. We use 'Namo Narayana' with her tongue as we pronounce daily, the evil that comes upon us is in the fire burned ashes. Those who surrender to Tirumala for fasting. The body must regret and follow the rules regularly. Women should not eat ghee and beautify themselves. Do as much charity as possible for others. He also sang as a child of universal integrity. Andal, all fasting bearers are clean, fasting with purity in the Lord is easy to surrender. Not just his country and his people Andal Thiruppavai Various benefits of fasting Through the sense of community.

In Brian Friel’s play Dancing at Lughnasa (1990), the Irish playwright describes the last joyful moments in the lives of five unmarried Irish sisters who live together in a poor cottage in the fictional small town of Ballybeg in North Ireland. The retrospective tale that is narrated by the adult Michael, who is also the illegitimate son of Chris –one of the five sisters- portrays the forces that led to the collapse of the family in the 1936 summer during the Lughnasa festival celebrations. The hybrid form of drama and storytelling is Brian Friel’s device to escape mega narrative and focus on the stories of individuals and small families. This de-familiarization of traditional literary conventions enables him to surrender grand history to personal stories. Furthermore, Friel is experimenting with the memory play form as he believes that man’s memory anamnesis should not be trusted as factual. Furthermore, dance also plays a significant role in the play where almost every character dances at a certain point, but it is how every character involves in the act of dancing that illuminates him/her to the theatergoers. Indeed, dancing in the play is a release that connotes unfulfilled desires and hopes that cannot be expressed in words. In short, Brian Friel is the playwright who most probably defines Ireland to the outside world through analyzing the complexities of Irish culture

Appointing a United Nations (UN) mediator to work in tandem with the United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) in March 1964 led to fundamental shifts in how the UN Secretariat inner circle orientated the organisation’s presence in Cyprus. The escalating crisis between the two communities in Cyprus and political pressure from UN member states to respond before Cold War superpower nations became engulfed, prompted the creation of UNFICYP and the recruitment of a UN mediator on 4 March 1964. This article argues that the UN leadership intended to restore member state trust following the controversial Congo mission (ONUC) and expand the organisation’s diplomatic agency through the innovation of deploying the dedicated mediator alongside the armed mission. However, the success of the meditator was diplomatically limited by the localised dynamics of the Cyprus conflict and the willingness of the Guarantor parties to surrender their sovereign imaginaries of post-colonial Cyprus. Ultimately, the experiment in field-based mediation forced the UN Secretariat leadership to acknowledge the incompatibility of appeasing all member states on one hand whilst leading field-based political negotiations with the other.

[Image: see text] Psychedelic drugs are increasingly being incorporated into therapeutic contexts for the purposes of promoting mental health. However, they can also induce adverse reactions in some individuals, and it is difficult to predict before treatment who is likely to experience positive or adverse acute effects. Although consideration of setting and dosage as well as excluding individuals with psychotic predispositions has thus far led to a high degree of safety, it is imperative that researchers develop a more nuanced understanding of how to predict individual reactions. To this end, the current systematic review coalesced the results of 14 studies that included baseline states or traits predictive of the acute effects of psychedelics. Individuals high in the traits of absorption, openness, and acceptance as well as a state of surrender were more likely to have positive and mystical-type experiences, whereas those low in openness and surrender or in preoccupied, apprehensive, or confused psychological states were more likely to experience acute adverse reactions. Participant sex was not a robust predictor of drug effects, but 5-HT2AR binding potential, executive network node diversity, and rACC volume may be potential baseline biomarkers related to acute reactions. Finally, increased age and experience with psychedelics were individual differences related to generally less intense effects, indicating that users may become slightly less sensitive to the effects of the drugs after repeated usage. Although future well-powered, placebo-controlled trials directly comparing the relative importance of these predictors is needed, this review synthesizes the field’s current understanding of how to predict acute reactions to psychedelic drugs.

The Dominican Republic and its relationship with Dominican America have often been studied in relation to the brutal regime of Rafael Trujillo, tiguere masculinity, and the political sphere. Writers like Julia Alvarez and Junot Diaz, as well as anthologies of Dominican women’s writing, form a literary archive that conceives of women’s writing as a perpetual act of rebellion, mostly against Trujillo and Trujillista models of masculinity. Starting from Lorgia Garcia-Pena’s conception of “contradiction” (2016) and Kevin Quashie’s The Sovereignty of Quiet (2012), this article argues that Angie Cruz’s Soledad (2001) and Naima Coster’s Halsey Street (2017) are a counter-archive of woman-centered, Dominican American narratives of return dependent on feminized forms of expression and belonging—namely art, quiet, secrecy, surrender, and interiority. These novels reclaim the power of these acts and spaces along a spectrum of quietude, ranging from acts of alienation to tools for bonding, healing, and growth.

This paper aims to find out how the politics of diplomacy in the early days of independence, especially during the Syarir Cabinet to Hatta Cabinet, and to explain how the efforts of the Indonesian political elite to address diplomatic politics in the face of aggression and to analyze the role of third parties in Indonesian diplomacy. The method used in this research is a qualitative method, namely fact finding with the correct interpretation. Descriptive research is to study problems in society and the procedures that apply in society. The method used is literature study with data collection techniques by conducting a review study of books, literature, notes, and reports that have to do with the problem being solved. The conclusion of this research is that the political attitudes of the various Indonesian elites, the first group is that the government prioritizes the political path of diplomacy rather than armed resistance or 100 percent independence. The attitude of this first group is more influenced by the education they have received since studying in the Netherlands, among the first group are; Hatta, Syahrir, Setiadjid, Abdul Majid and Amir Syarifuddin and Agus Salim. This group believes that de jure the Netherlands is still strong and has the support of its allies such as Britain and America. Meanwhile, the second group who chose the armed or guerrilla resistance method in achieving 100 percent independence among this group was more than the opposition and military figures such as Tan Malaka, Panglima Sudirman and the leaders of the Masyumi and PNI parties. This conflict caused Sudirman to choose Guerrilla as the right way to achieve 100 percent independence. The conflict between Indonesia and the Netherlands ultimately requires American involvement in resolving the dispute between the two countries. This was proven by the US for the second time issuing a UN resolution to pressure the Netherlands to want to surrender sovereignty to the Indonesian republic even though under certain conditions, such as the Netherlands has not recognized the states belonging to the Republic of Indonesia and Papua. Then the independence of the Republic of Indonesia still has the remaining debt to the Dutch. Keywords : Politics, Diplomacy, Revolution, Independence

As one of the literary figures in post-war American literature, Norman Mailer tackles psychological and sociopolitical issues in The Naked and the Dead (1948) that bewildered both critics and readers. He combined them in a complementary way that explained their cause and effect development. The present paper sheds light on the definition of power in comparison with megalomania, its different causes, and its devastating effects on both the victimizers and the victimized. It also aims at revealing the inner thought of the contemporary individual as suffering from the spiritual decadence as a rebellion against the political life that hovers almost every aspect of the American society. These points are rendered through Mailer's major and powerful characters like General Cummings and Lieutenant Croft who represent the victimizers as a part of their megalomaniac attitudes. An emphasis has always been directed to two other powerless characters—Lieutenant Hearn and Troop Red Valsen—whom will be victimized at the hands of the victimizers. Mailer, in this novel, calls that the individual is either supposed to surrender to wrongful forces or to endeavor to attain some spiritual independence and dignity.

Young people from the low-income settlements in Kenya's third-largest city, Kisumu, struggling with unemployment refer to their efforts to generate a livelihood as ‘hustling’. At the same time, many of them put art (dance, music, poetry) at the centre of their lives. This article attempts to account for the significant popularity of the arts among Kisumu's youth. It understands the ‘way of the artist’ as an alternative interpretation of work and a framework in which people situate their experiences of unemployment, waiting and insecure work. To examine this framework in action, the article follows Janabii, a poet who has been at the centre of attempts to establish a spoken word scene in Kisumu. Janabii has spent several years in limbo, oscillating between glittering performances and a more discreet daily life, marked by functional homelessness and a refusal to surrender to the violence of Kenya's informal world of work. The article contributes to recent studies about hustling by combining an ethnography of a week in Janabii's life with a literary analysis of excerpts from one of his poems, in order to elucidate how his struggles to get by are narrated and stylized through a spoken word, artistic imaginary that interrelates with his everyday life.

The article deals with the controversy between Advaita-Vedānta and Sāňkhya, two most influential Brāhmanic systems of the early medieval period where­from the first with Šaňkarācharya (7th – 8th centuries A.D.) at the head em­barked on the successful сonquest of the Indian philosophical space while the second one began to surrender. While scrutinizing the controversial sections of Šaňkara’s magnum opus, the Brahmasûtrabhāṣya one can discern two theatres of this war, i.e. his attempts to disavow the Sāňkhyas’ demands both for some conceptual spaces of the Upanişads and coherency of their system whichcombined features of very specific naturalistic evolutionism and dualism.The author of the paper concludes with the upshot that Šaňkara has failed to demonstrate the absence of the Sāňkhya nomenclature in the middle Upanişads but succeeded in disproving consistency of its naturalism and dualism, while the Sāňkhyas, in turn, managed to detect difficulties in the compatibility of the Advaitists’ soteriological programm and their ontological doctrine of the ab­solute monism. In his opinion, the outcomes of this opposition can arise atten­tion of not only those dealing with the history of philosophy but are claimed by today’s philosophical reflexion as well.

This article discusses the Bando Anunciador (Cultural Parade), which appeared in the 19th century with the purpose of announcing the celebrations in devotion to Nossa Senhora Sant’Ana (the patroness of the city of Feira de Santana) through the streets of Feira de Santana-Bahia. As a methodology, we used the literature review and the analysis of photographs from the Bando Parade, which still occurs every year in the city center. We aim to describe and analyze the elements that are present in this celebration, which can conceive of it as a leisure practice of the people of Feira de Santana, because we consider the moments of fun in the street with the Bando Parade, as a place of ambivalence, in which the bodies rewrite histories through their costumes, dances and jokes, as well as they can surrender thanks to their Holy Patroness. Thus, this celebration experience is included in the list of permissive practices in the available time and in a disinterested way by the subjects, constituting nowadays, as an open possibility of leisure for the people of Feira de Santana.

O processo de objetificação cultural é selectivo, pois, implica a recontextualização de determinados objectos culturais num outro contexto diferente daquele que os gerou, atribuindo-lhes novos sentidos e significados (Handler, 1984, p. 62). No quadro da Primeira Exposição Colonial Portuguesa (Porto, 1934), esta atitude estava relacionada com os discursos de invenção do “outro”, onde as relações entre as sociedades são regidas por certas hierarquias. Mudimbe (2013, pp. 15-16) designa por colonos, aqueles que estabelecem uma região e ditam as regras; os colonizadores, aqueles que exploram um território pelo domínio da maioria local, com uma tendência para organizar e transformar zonas não europeias em construções fundamentalmente europeias. Acrescentaria no fim desta hierarquia, os colonizados, ou seja, aqueles que obedecem. No contexto da exposição colonial do Porto (1934), a música chope foi recontextualizada em Portugal, sendo-lhe atribuídos novos sentidos e significados, tornando-se em símbolo de identidade nacional portuguesa. Portanto, a música chope, durante a exposição colonial do Porto, foi transformada em práticas de rendição e submissão das comunidades moçambicanas, e os seus sentidos e significados foram reduzidos em atos de representação folclórica através de modelos performativos ocidentais e da imposição dos respectivos modelos estéticos e morais, incluindo uma comunicação vertical de cima para baixo.

This study aims to determine how the description of acceptance of dating violence in victims ofdating violence. The description described concerns how the attitude and behavior of the victimin acceptance of dating violence and the factors that influence it. The method used in thisresearch is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The technique of selectingparticipants using purposive sampling technique. Participants in this study were 4 people, aged20-25 years and currently experiencing dating violence. The data collection technique usedwas the interview technique, while the analysis technique used to process the data was theMiles and Huberman analysis technique. The results of the study reveal that Acceptance ofdating violence occurs through 2 different processes. The first process involves putting up afight before giving rise to acceptance of dating violence. The second process is to do nothingor surrender and immediately generate acceptance of dating violence. This process is basedon factors, namely shackling affections, feelings of helplessness, limitations in understandingproblems, expectations of protective figures, pre-married sex, views of family and other people,and views of relationships (commitment, duration of relationship, and sense of responsibility)

Islam was comprehensive for all human races, in all areas of their lives, and whenever they live until the Judgment Day is coming. This is what is commonly called as Islam is universal. When The Prophet Muhammad SAW was performing of Hajj Wadā’ came down theal-Mā’idah verse: 3 has become an argument for some Muslims to show that Islam is perfect. In this time, many cases of a wrong understanding of religion's perfection will cause problems such as radicalism, disbelief of other groups, and even terrorism. Therefore, the writer used two problem statements: how is the interpretation of religion perfection in QS.al-Mā’idah: 3 according toTafsīr Ibnu ‘AbbāsandTafsir Al-Azharthen how is the relevance of Ibnu ‘Abbas and Hamka’s interpretation related to the perfection of religion with the Indonesian context. The method used by the writer in this research is library research with descriptive analysis and used philosophical hermeneutics by Hans Georg Gadamer. Then, the writer concluded The meaning perfection of religion in QS.al-Mā’idah: 3 according to Ibnu ‘Abbas inTafsīr Ibnu ‘Abbāswhich is Allah SWT has perfected the faith of the Prophet Muhammad and the believers, there is no need for additions and no deductions for eternity. According to Hamka inTafsir Al-Azhar, the perfection of religion is the creed, worship, syariat, muamalah, and munakahat was sufficient and there will be no additional. However, Hamka allows for ijtihad in matters other than worship and syariat. Therefore, Islam does not freeze. Then, in Indonesia context that consists of various tribes, languages, cultures, and religions. Therefore, the meaning of surrender to God can be reflected in Indonesia. Because all religions also teach surrender to God or in other words “kalimatun sawā’”. Suppose someone has a resigned attitude to God. In that case, it will minimize fanaticism, claiming the truth of his religion, insulting other groups who disagree with their perception, the narrow meaning of jihad and the blasphemy of religion, even radicalism, because someone considers that in other religions there is also faith. However, change is greatly affected by time and space. In terms of religions, that is permanent, and some are changing or normative Islam and historical Islam. By having an attitude of surrender to God, it is possible to happen tolerant to other religions. In brief, Indonesia can still be a country with the slogan “Bhineka Tunggal Ika” which means “unity in diversity”. &nbsp

Gender refers to differences in behavior between men and women who are socially constructed. These differences refer to the roles, behaviors, responsibilities that define the meaning of being a man and woman in the existing culture. Men are often seen as strong individual, leader, and at the front whereas women are seen as a gentle person, doing domestic activities, and surrender. The division of roles sometimes brings the problem in life. Each sex sometimes assumes that between men and women there must be a partition, be a stronger one, and leading. Men and women should help each other, collaborate, and work together to achieve their respective roles, without toppling or feeling the most powerful. They are a unity in a society which cannot be separated.

The English language is replete with bellicose expressions and references to different battles and wars involving British armed forces, in particular World War Two. Many such terms have entered the everyday lexicon of most Eurosceptics and Brexiteers alike. They had already become common currency in anti-European rhetoric since the 1990s, but have reached a greater level of intensity in the last four years since the Brexit referendum, when these groups or individuals discuss or denounce the EU or Brussels. Such emotionally charged words as ‘traitor’, ‘treason’, ‘collusion’, ‘collaboration’, ‘Nazi’ or ‘Gestapo’ alongside terms like ‘the Dunkirk spirit’, hark back to the 1940s, a period of great national pride among many Britons as the country stood fast, resisted and defeated the Nazi threat. Many Brexiteers perceive Brussels as the new Berlin and the European Commission the new Reichstag. These were both fought against in June 2016 and are still demonised in the same way as negotiations over UK/EU relations continue. Using verbatim records of debate from Hansard, references from various books and newspaper articles, this chapter will attempt to study the various military forms of language used in the debate over Britain’s place in the European Union and its withdrawal from it. It will culminate with one very heated exchange that took place on the floor of the House of Commons in late September 2019, when the repeated bellicose language of the Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, and several of his colleagues, were challenged by various members of the opposition parties, and even pro-remain Conservative MPs, in the House. Finally I shall consider whether this choice of words was not part of a greater electoral strategy on the part of Boris Johnson.

Across history and among diverse civilizations, human beings have been interested in attaining a state of peace of mind and how to educate people in attaining so. However, the conceptualization of such phenomenon has not been accurately discussed within psychology and furthermore is a lack of awareness on the diversity between conceptualization and the experience of a state of “peace of mind”—this being one of the main aims of the present article. Though this transitory and dynamic state of mind has been related to affective processes such as acceptance, contentment, and surrender, more descriptive and explanatory accounts about the emergence and experience of peace of mind could expand our understanding meaning-making and affective processing in everyday life. Dimensions of semiotic mediation theory are beneficial in the exploration and understanding of the phenomenon of “peace of mind”, as well as this phenomenon greatly can illustrate dynamics of sign levels. In order to expand the theoretical understanding of what peace of mind entails, we make use of an innovative method: using literature as data that allows peace of mind to be investigated from a perspective of cultural psychology.

Ideologically motivated attempts to elucidate Shostakovich’s political views and to determine whether and how they may be coded into his compositions have come to characterize the Western reception of the composer’s works since his death in 1975. Fuelled by the political oppositions of the cold war, Shostakovich’s posthumous reputation in the West has been largely shaped by two conflicting perspectives. These have positioned him on the one hand as a secret dissident, bent and broken under the unbearable strain of totalitarianism, made heroic through his veiled musical resistance to Communism; and on the other hand as a composer compromised by his capitulation to the regime – represented in an anachronistic musical style. Both perspectives surrender Shostakovich and his music to a crude oversimplification driven by vested political interests. Western listeners thus conditioned are primed to hear either the coded dissidence of a tragic victim of Communist brutality or the sinister submission of a ‘loyal son of the Communist Party’.1 For those prepared to accept Shostakovich as a ‘tragic victim’, the publication of his purported memoirs in 1979, ‘as related to and edited by’ the author Solomon Volkov, presents a tantalizing conclusion: bitterly yet discreetly scornful of the Stalinist regime, Shostakovich was indeed a secret dissident and this dissidence was made tangible in his music.

This study's exhaustive content analysis (N = 538) examines how Canada's mainstream news media covered the nascent yellow vest movement from the first Canadian protests in December 2018 culminating in the February 2019 cross-country United We Roll convoy. We demonstrate that Protest Paradigm scholarship does not offer a useful analytic for understanding the coverage of this right-wing social movement whose tactics were banal and law abiding. Furthermore, we argue that Canadian news media coverage of the protest movement was largely uncritical and decidedly hegemonic, raising questions about normative watchdog conceptions of the news media in Canadian democracy.Grâce` à une analyse de contenu (N = 538), cet article examine comment les médias d'information grand public du Canada ont couvert le mouvement naissant des gilets jaunes depuis les premières manifestations canadiennes en décembre 2018 qui ont culminé avec le convoi international United We Roll de février 2019. Nous démontrons que la bourse Protest Paradigm n'offre pas une analyse utile pour comprendre la couverture de ce mouvement social de droite dont les tactiques étaient banales et respectueuses de la loi. De plus, nous soutenons que la couverture médiatique canadienne du mouvement de protestation était en grande partie non critique et résolument hégémonique, soulevant des questions sur les conceptions normatives de surveillance des médias dans la démocratie canadienne.

The Dutch colonial government in applying the Cultuurstelsel policy in Java in 1830 used traditional Javanese patterns of power to persuade farmers in certain regions to be willing to work in export plantations and surrender a portion of their land to be planted with governorate crops. Based on the description above, it would be interesting to see further about the implementation of the cultivation system in several afdeeling areas or regencies in Java because in Pacitan, East Java, it is said to have an impact on prosperity and welfare for farmers. On the other hand, in other regions, in Afdeeling Demak and Grobogan, Central Java, the opposite happened, namely that the implementation of the forced cultivation system actually had an impact on misery and poverty among the population. Regardless of whether Cultuurstelsel should be valued positively or negatively, most historians agree that the system had been one of the most important parts of Dutch colonialism in the Dutch East Indies from 1830 to 1870. Some at that time even thought that cultuurstelsel was the best colonial model that can be imagined.

Extant literature has explored policyowner decision‐making as it relates to both life insurance policy surrender and borrowing activity. However, researchers have not yet examined why individuals may select one option over the other. In this study, we investigate common hypotheses related to policy surrender and loan activity using approaches which allow us to examine the two options jointly while also accounting for the multidimensional nature of the decision‐making process. We offer evidence consistent with the emergency fund, alternative funds, and policy replacement hypotheses as they relate to the decision to either surrender a policy or take out a policy loan and find that differential effects exist between the two options. In particular, our findings suggest that households tend to surrender their cash value policies when longer‐term financial needs arise while temporary needs are more likely addressed with loans which keep the policy in force, each consistent with rational household decision‐making.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of addiction, suicide, and surrender. Explored through a narrative inquiry lens, findings confirmed that the process of surrender is a cruc...

Quite surprisingly, some novels in contemporary France still deal with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Gavrilo Princip on June the 28th 1914. This is the case in Sarajevo omnibus by Velibor Colic: a six-part novel focused on the assassination of Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie, as a way to tell the story of Sarajevo—the city the author had to leave to seek refuge in France during the separatist war in the 1990s. The story of the Sarajevo’s attack is told as if History would have preferred, both ironically and literally, to surrender itself to a Princip Principle (“un Principe Princip”)—which is like a phantom pain of the past, and an uncertainty principle for writing and interpreting History.

This article deals with the causes and effects of a surrender to anti-science in social development. Populist governments support the idea of anti-science in an attempt to win over poorly-educated electors. The text analyses the fundamental characteristics of the pressure mechanisms adopted by populist movements, and points to the system of measures in various spheres which help in fostering general ignorance and support anti-scientific operations. For the agents of power science, and the system of values which accompanies it, becomes a target to attack. Simultaneously, for the average person scientific knowledge ceases to be the basis of analysis and interpretation of different phenomena. Anti-science regimes support anti-science movements in order to manipulate society and disrupt potential opposition. This is possible thanks to superficial education and not enough emphasis on critical thinking within the education system, because less discerning citizens will go along with an anti-science regime. Analysis leads to the conclusion that the narrow short-term material interest of the regime is its only value, to which all others are subordinated, including Plato’s triad. In the face of a lack of understanding on the part of the authorities, education based on episteme is not possible, at least not entirely. This article suggests the need for change in the philosophy of education to one where the major emphasis is on quality and prioritised content.

Religious salvation based on Qur'anic verses seems to contradict each other. The verse about the superiority of Islam breaks the verse that guarantees the safety of religion other than Islam. This is what makes Islam claim to be the only religion that will be saved by God. When people who have religion other than Islam do good during their lives, will they be inferior to those who often do evil? For this reason, in conducting this research, the writer uses the methodology of Maqashidi interpretation of Abdul Mustaqim with the intention that this paper is directed at the benefit of human benefit. The methodology of interpretation that has been done, several conclusions are produced including: First, verses that seem superior are better understood in a generic sense, not as a religion that has been institutionalized as understood today. Secondly, the Koran recognizes the existence of other religions as true religion, so other religions are very likely to achieve salvation. Therefore, a person can be considered safe not because of religious institutions, but with complete surrender in faith and good deeds.

This study aims to identify the content of moral values contained in the Nagasasra and Sabukinten stories written by SH Mintardja volumes I through volume III. This research is a content analysis research with a qualitative approach. In this research the researcher becomes the main instrument of data collection. In the process of collecting data, researchers used research aids in the form of data cards and check lists. Data cards were used to record sentences in the form of conversations and portrayals of the situation and behavior of characters in the Nagasasra and Sabuk Inten stories. The captured data was then presented in the form of a statement in the form of a description of moral values. The results of the study found that there were good moral values and bad moral values that are manifested in various depictions of the behavior of the characters. Good behavior includes godly values (in the form of belief in the existence and power of God, surrender/ surrender to God, giving thanks, repenting, praying, and praying), loyalty (in the form of loyalty between husband and wife, loyalty of a soldier towards the king / leadership, and loyalty to the land of his birth), love for the country, love for the environment, responsibility, honesty, being respectful and polite, humble, and the delivery of moral values in the form of song. The bad morals were reflected in bad behavior, including not believing in the existence and power of God, cruel, greedy, immorality, cunning / cheating, arrogant / proud, defaming, stealing / robbing, low self-esteem, despair, and destructive natural. The most moral values found in the Nagasasra and Sabuk Inten volumes I through III are the value of helping (31.15%), the value of courtesy (26.23%), the value of God (16.39%), the value of loyalty ( 9.84%), the value of responsibility (6.56%), the value of humility (4.92%), the value of love for nature (3.28%), and moral messages in the form of song (1.64%).

The 75th anniversary of what remains the only use of nuclear weapons in wartime – the American bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as a means of forcing Japan to surrender and bringing World War II ...

Where and how do I belong? As Erin Spring (2016a) notes in her examination of space, place, and youth engagement with literature, “young adult fiction is fraught with implications for identity, of which place often takes center stage” (p. 432). Yet despite the ubiquity of adolescent characters’ negotiations within and across physical and cultural spaces in contemporary texts for young people, few scholars address the interconnectedness of those spheres with perceptions of subjectivity and the material body. Drawing on the theoretical framework of feminist cultural geography (Massey, 1994; Rose, 1993) and relevant scholarship on conceptualizations of the body (i.e., Butler, 1990; Longhurst, 2001), I aim to uncover some of the ways in which young protagonists respond to the perceived barriers, boundaries, and borders of their bodies, subjectivities, and worlds—including the subtle ways in which they actively shape and redefine them (Bavidge, 2006). In addition to examining the experiences of displaced or somehow othered protagonists in three works of youth fiction—Sonya Harnett’s Surrender, Jacqueline Woodson’s Brown Girl Dreaming, and Thanhha Lai’s Inside Out & Back Again—I consider how literary spatial analyses of subjectivity and body might enable readers to critically reflect on the real world constraints and freedoms encountered by young people across the spaces and places of their everyday lives.

In a variety of credit systems offered by PT. Bank Sumut Branch Of Medan turned out to have various methods in its procedural. This journal aims to find out the conditions set by PT. Bank Sumut Branch Of Medan as a creditor to each debtor,the research method used is judiscial empiricial that is by conducting field research, the results of the study show the creditor has the same absolute conditions for each type and nature of the credit offered, in its determination the debtor must be able to provide a collateral object in the form of fiduciary the object is a ceiling of 125% of what the debtor gets and the executor of PT. Bank Sumut Branch Of Medan is still carried out according to warnings made by company through 3 phases of summons, then if the debtor does not have good faith in paying off his debts, the creditor can sue the debtor for trial and obtain a district court decision as the basis for executing the fiduciary guarantee object in material rights. With the result of the transfer of material rights, the existence of the object of fiduciary collateral is wholly owned by the creditor and can be auctioned off at the KPKNL and can also be through the absolute surrender of PT. Bank Sumut Branch Of Medan by selling it real execution.

This paper aims at responding a critical accusation of qital concept in the Qur’an and hadith and providing analyses by using historical and practical approach. It can be argued, then, that the purposes of qital can be explained correctly as directed by both sources. At the very practical of interpretative approach, this study employs the historical, eidetic, and practical criticism. The research argues that qital or war can be applied with some criterias and ethics based on the Qur’an and hadith instruction. These criteria are (1) The nature of qital should be directed into God (fi sabiillah); (2) The qital should be first caused by the war of the enemy, (3) The qital is not permitted in the sacred worship places, (4) It aims to relieve the slander, (5) It is not allowed to sacrifice of other Muslims. The ethics of qital are: (1) It is not permitted to overreach, (2) Moslems must end the war if the enemy are surrender, (3) it is obliged to do based on the regulations and the aggrement, (4) it is not permitted to destroy.

This article addresses the temporality of resistance in the work context. We focus on the challenge of increasingly diminishing professional autonomy in higher education institutions as well as the vulnerability of staff subjected to academic managerialism. A case where a lecturer is exposed to the requirements to revise grading by senior administration is investigated. Power is understood from the “target’s” perspective and viewed as the erosion of resistance. We introduce the concepts honorable surrender and smoothers to capture the process of giving up of resistance. We argue that these concepts are of special significance in autonomy-espousing work contexts where multiplicity of power resources are employed to subordinate employees and influence their professional identities. We contend that de-subjectification is key in understanding the erosion of resistance.

Although the majority of Aceh's population is Muslim, the rules formulated in the form of Islamic Sharia Qanun cannot be separated from social interaction with non-Muslims as a minority community. This study wants to reveal the position of non-Muslims in Qanun (Sharia rules) for the application of Islamic law in Aceh, with the aim of analyzing how Islamic Sharia Qanun is made and their problems with diverse views on the equality of identity in Aceh. This is based on several facts which show that the paradigm of equality of diverse identities in Aceh has not been a major concern among religious communities. This research is library research using secondary data. Data collection techniques are carried out by reviewing the literature and related documents, namely analyzing 13 Qanun (Sharia Rules) of the application of Islamic Sharia and one Aceh Special Region Regulation, as well as other valid and credible sources. The findings in this library research are the rules formulated in Aceh's Jinayat Qanun giving freedom to the choice of punishment for non-Muslims. This freedom is granted through the principle of surrender, which is regulated in article 129 of Law Number 11 concerning the Government of Aceh and Article 5 of the Aceh Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law.

This article examines the role of the values of the Bugis Bone Pangadereng to improve secondary school students in Watampone. This research includes field research using qualitative approaches. Data sources come from informers consisting of teachers and students as a primary data source and other supporting data in the form of other supporting documents. The Data that has been collected from the field is processed with qualitative descriptive techniques. The process of processing through three phases is data reduction, data presentation, and verification or withdrawal of sympulsion. The Data is either derived from the results of observation, interview or interview in depth, as well as from documented documents. The results showed that the method used by the teachers in implementing the values of the Bugis Bone Pangadereng to the improvement of students are: methods of Coaching, habituation methods, exemplary methods, advice methods, methods of giving attention and supervision, and methods of appreciation and punishment.As for the barriers and challenges in the application of the values of a Bugis Bone Pangadereng (1) The factor of the students themselves because a small part of the students have not understood the values of the Pangadereng itself, and they seemed to ignore this, caused by the development of the Times and the flow of information that led to the inclusion of culture from the outside, (2) The factor that comes from the teacher itself is the lack of awareness of the teacher in applying the values of the Pangadereng itself namely Sipakor , Sipakalebbi, and Mappatabe, (3) The factor of the students ' parents themselves, because there are some parents who only fully surrender their children's education in school.The role of the the values of Bugis Bone Pangadereng can increase the school students in Watampone because culture teaches the values of ethics that refers to the morality and moral goodness such as culture of courtesy, reverence, respect, and maintain self-esteem, Pangadereng also forms a more humble child and forms a more religious child

The purpose of this research is to describe patriarchal ideology of female characters depicted in the novel The Gift by Danielle Steel. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The source of data in this research is novel The Gift By Danielle Steel. To analyze patriarchal ideology data, researcher used literary criticism of feminism. The result of the research the patriarchal ideology of female characters depicted in the novel The Gift By Danielle Steel in the form of action in the domestic sector and public sector namely oppression, discrimination and injustice. Some women surrender and realize that as children and as wife must obey the mommands of their husbands or father.

How does democracy emerge from authoritarian rule? Certain influential theories contend that incumbents deliberately choose to share or surrender power. They do so to prevent revolution, motivate citizens to fight wars, incentivize governments to provide public goods, outbid elite rivals, or limit factional violence. Examining the history of all democratizations since 1800, I show that such deliberate-choice arguments may help explain up to about one-third of the cases. In more than two-thirds, the evidence suggests that democratization occurred not because incumbents chose it but because, while trying to prevent it, they made mistakes that weakened their hold on power. Rather than being granted by farsighted elites or forced on them by the rise of new classes, democracy appears to have spread most often because of incumbents’ missteps that triggered previously latent factors.

Aim. The aim of this article is to deal with visual dignity in the field of western art throughout the ages as it seeks to present the artistic and design devices employed by artists in order to compose and convey this aura of dignity. Moreover, it addresses the ways in which they create various kinds of atmosphere of respect and dignity felt by the observer regarding the topic and object of the painting or sculpture. Methods. In order to achieve this aim, the article examines seven masterpieces which explore the visual representations of various perceptions of dignity and their implications. Among the elements affecting the creation of dignity in the visual domain one finds: an impressive or majestic appearance, noblesse, self-esteem, pride, self-confidence, inner strength, authoritativeness and charisma. At times, the respectful treatment of the figures is clear as soon as one views the work, but at others it is implied in the interpretation given to it. It is not this article's intention to discuss the different perceptions or expressions of human dignity, historically, theologically, politically, psychologically, nationally or socially, but to present them artistically as they are the innate right of people to be appreciated, treated with courtesy and met with ethical behavior. Results and conclusion. The research done in order to reach a conclusion confirming or contradicting the premises at its base, resulted in a mosaic of situations in which human dignity is reflected. The range of possibilities at the artists’ disposal for creating this value is diverse and includes: composition, use of color, mimesis, embellishment, disfigurement or distortion of reality. The pieces examined present: a military commander at the moment of his foe's surrender; an author monumentally impressive, man of vision and power and of grand dimensions, rising up from a stone plinth; a stern-faced, disfigured dwarf considered a ‘curiosity’, seated on the ground; a family of farmers living an impoverished and meager life; and a Jesus-like mysterious intellectual and Moses the prophet. All these together at first glance appear to be a strange collection of works, in which the common denominator is unclear or seemingly absent. However, this diverse group is included in the article because of the aura of dignity the figures command or convey. At times, the respectful treatment of the figures is clear as soon as one views the work, but at others it is implied in the interpretation given to it.

The many sieges of the Napoleonic Wars remain a relatively neglected area of historical study, especially in the context of the history of customary laws of war, where sieges played a central role. This article explores an important but largely forgotten episode in the infamous British storm and sack of the French-held Spanish towns of Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz and San Sebastián during the Peninsular War: mercy to the French garrisons, who, in obstinately defending against storming parties, had forfeited their protective rights under prevailing laws of war. Combining military, legal and cultural history, and drawing upon British soldiers’ letters, diaries and memoirs, the article focuses on three interrelated issues: siege capitulation and surrender rituals, attitudes to obstinate defences, and British mercy to the French garrisons. The article highlights sieges as a privileged site for examining laws of war, cultures of war, and moral sensibilities. In doing so, it sheds further light on historical debates about changes and continuities in practices and cultures of war over the long eighteenth century. There has been considerable recent interest in the history of atrocity, massacre and enmity during the French Revolutionary–Napoleonic Wars. Yet the Anglo-French case-studies examined here highlight the persistence of restraint, honour codes, civility and humanity between regular soldiers, even in the seemingly most barbarous of wartime theatres, and despite laws of war that sanctioned violence in these very circumstances.

Half a century later, a Dretskean stance on epistemic closure remains a minority view. Why? Mainly because critics have successfully poked holes in the epistemologies on which closure fails. However, none of the familiar pro-closure moves works against the counterexamples on display here. It is argued that these counterexamples pose the following dilemma: either accept that epistemic closure principles are false, and steal the thunder from those who attack classical logic on the basis of similarly problematic cases—specifically, relevance logicians and like-minded philosophers—or stick with closure and surrender to relevantist claims of failure in truth-preservation aimed at classical rules of inference (by Edwin Mares, Stephen Read, et al.). Classicist closure advocates find the promise of a way out of the dilemma in the works of Roy Sorensen and John Hawthorne. The paper argues against their pro-closure move and renews Robert Audi’s call for a theory of closure-failure.

Temporary transfers of firearms from suicidal persons is a strategy to reduce the incidence of suicide deaths. We discuss a barrier to the effective operation of voluntary temporary firearm transfer laws: the dearth of guidance on the liability for returning firearms to persons who voluntarily surrender them. We examine the laws of all 50 US states that regulate temporary surrenders of firearms and evaluate whether any provisions govern liability for returning temporarily surrendered firearms. Although 14 states create background check exceptions to permit temporary transfers of firearms from an owner to family, friends, retailers, or law enforcement, no states prescribe procedures for returning those firearms.ability for returning the firearms to people who voluntarily surrendered them. We recommend amending state laws to clarify the process and liability for returning temporarily surrendered firearms to the original owner. Such amendments would be intended to mitigate the potential chilling effect that lack of clarity and presumption of liability may impose on efficiently reducing firearm access to protect firearm owners at risk for suicide.