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Objectives This study as a system review was aimed to review the role of ginger administration in reducing oxidative stress level for women in their reproduction health. This was literature review to give further information about the role of ginger in reducing oxidative stress condition and was written with the help from secondary data analysis such as databases, various journals, books, articles and key wordsResult Ginger could be one of the alternative medicine to treat reproductive problems like PCOS, help the implantation process in the uterus, normalized estrogen and progesterone imbalance, reduce cortisol level which can affect women fertility, and help womento deal with premenstrual syndromeConclusion Ginger commonly used in herbal medicine and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect on women’s health reproduction due to its flavonoid, phenolic compunds and the active antioxidant such as shagaols, gingerol, zingerone to prevent ROS buildup

This research was conducted using R D (Research and Development) approach or development research that produces a product. This study aims to know the quality and describe the procedure of developing implementation manuals, to address the behavior of students victims of cyber abuse. The resulting development product is an implementation manual. In the initial development process, the developer consults with media experts, material experts, as well as practitioners (guidance and counseling teachers) to get input and advice on the products developed. This research instrument is a questionnaire of asertive behavior. The results of the assessment are analyzed using descriptive percentage analysis techniques. The results of the research obtained from the validation of expert tests and practitioner tests (guidance and counseling teachers) showed that the implementation manual is classified as a good category and scored 4.1. Thus the product is declared worthy to be used as a medium in information services to improve the behavior of students victims of cyber abuse.Keywords: research and development, guidebooks, assertive training, victims of cyber bullying

Background: Covid-19 pandemic has spread across the world and is having an impact globally. The rules for handling the Covid-19 pandemic force people to change their habits and patterns of daily life. Covid-19 has brought dramatic changes to our lives, including many losses. However, change or transition experienced by the community due to the Covid-19 pandemic can cause loss and grief (Rosyanti&Hadi, 2020). Objectives: This study aims to determine society dimension variables with loss and grief in Covid-19 pandemic era. Methods: Correlational analytic with cross sectional approach. A sample of 278 respondents with accidental sampling technique. The instrument used a questionnaire distributed by social media which included data on community dimensions and instrument loss and grieving community facing the Covid-19 pandemic. The validity and reliability of the research instrument were tested using the Cronbach's Alpha test. Descriptive analysis with process analysis, analytic analysis with chi square test and Spearman's Rho at a significance level of 5%. Results: Based on age, adolescence to early adult are mostly in the anger stage (33.3%), adult and the elderly range are in the Bargaining stage (50.76-70%). Based on gender, male (48.4%) and female (57.2%) are in the Bargaining stage. Based on the education: basic until higher education, more than half of them are in the Bargaining stage (42.8-54.4%). Based on occupation, most respondents who do not work are in the anger stage (50%) government employees, general employees, self-employed and still in school are in the Bargaining stage (47.2-61.8%). Conclusion: The length of time the incident occurred, the cultural context, the similarity of policies, and the territorial background of the Indonesian State greatly influenced the loss and grieving stages, making the majority of the grieving stages in the Bargaining stage.

Adolescents have a distinctive characteristic of great curiosity to take risks without careful consideration. This makes teenagers enter susceptible to perform behaviors such as pre-marital sexual behavior which bring many negative effects, physically, psychologically, and socially. Therefore, it is required the availability of reproductive health services that are friendly and appealing to teenagers, such as a playful education by using the ladder snake games, so that the respondents catch much information is submitted. This study was tried to determine the effect of health education with the ladder snake games to students’ knowledge level about adolescent reproductive health. This quasi-experimental study used pre-posttest design with control group. The sample used was 116 students in the secondary school, selected through the total sampling method. Instruments in this study used questionnaires that its validity and reliability had been tested. As well as ladder snakes measuring 2x2 meters. Data were analyzed by nonparametric Statistic test. Wilcoxon test showed a significance value of 0.000 (p 0.05) which means there are significant differences in the intervention group before and after health education with snake ladder. This research concluded that there was ladders snake game influence to the students’ knowledge about adolescent reproductive health.

Lombok is a tourist destination that presents interesting diversity for tourists. During its development, Lombok has applied the concept of halal tourism which includes services, serving halal food, spiritual needs, communication, and other matters related to ha lal branding. This study focuses on informants' perceptions of the relationship between tourism index, experience quality, and revisit intention of tourist destinations in Lombok. The study was conducted by surveying 87 tourists who came from Indonesia, specifically Muslims, those who have stayed in Lombok and have visited at least in the last 24 months. The most suitable informant unit in the sample is purposive. We use the PLS analysis model to simplify data processing. The findings of the study are divided into 3 hypotheses which explain that the season index has a significant effect on experience quality. Furthermore, experience quality has a significant effect on revisit intention, and the tourism index has no significant effect on revisit intention. The novelty of this study lies in the uniqueness of the object, analysis model, and variables that have been designed so that it is very interesting in its presentation and is a distinct difference from other studies.

This study examines culinary naming in the mandailing community. This study aims to see what culinary names exist in the Mandailing community according to the theory used. This research involves a concept or meaning, a word or symbol and something that is referred to as the relation between the elements described in the 'meaning triangle' pioneered by Ogden and Richard. This research is expected to be a reference for the Mandailing community to find out the meaning and type of culinary with a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques using Spradley's ethnographic model using interviews and participant observation methods. The results showed that there were 8 culinary names for the mandailing community.

Tableware is one of the most important factors in the spread of disease, the non-hygiene and microorganism’s container Tableware can spread disease through food. Therefore, the washing process with the right method is very important in efforts to reduce bacterial numbers, especially in tableware. The purpose of this research was to know the correlation between tableware washing method in food processing place with the bacterial numbers in tableware. This research was an analytical research with literature study method using 5 journals studied. The results of the 5 journals studied showed that 35.5% of 121 TPMs (food processing place) carried out tableware washing with inappropriate techniques 56,9% of 258 observed tableware sample contain ineligible microorganisms. 3 of the studied journal claimed there was no significant correlation between washing technic variable with the bacterial numbers variable in tableware as the P value = 1000 while 2 other studied journal claimed there was a correlation between washing technic variable with the bacterial numbers variable in tableware. Based on the research results from the studied journal, efforts can be made to pay more attention to hygiene and not ignoring the proper washing techniques as suggested, such as flushing, rinsing and sanitizing to avoid the bacterial numbers that exceed the standard.

Professionalism of a teacher is not only required to teach well, but can guide the development of children, especially in the application of vocabulary in early childhood, because not all children at an early age can apply vocabulary properly and correctly. This study aims to apply vocabulary to children using educational games (APE). This type of research used quantitative descriptive, as a sample of 18 students of TK AL-AFLAH, data collection using a survey. The formulation of the problem in this research is How difficult are the teachers in guiding children towards learning, especially in applying vocabulary to children. The results showed that the application of vocabulary in children with educational play tools increased, so that the learning process could be optimal with educational play tools that were able to stimulate all early childhood development. Key Words: Vocabulary, early childhood, educational play tools (APE)

PurposeThis study provides empirical evidences on the relationship between business strategy and micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) performance. Additionally, the study aims to explore the role of innovation and accounting information systems (AISs) in the strategy performance linkage among MSMEs in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire-based survey was conducted, which produced 102 valid responses. Surveys were distributed to MSME owners throughout Solo, Yogyakarta and Semarang, Indonesia. Data were analyzed by using structural equation model with partial least squares.FindingsThe result shows that business strategy has indirect impacts on MSMEs' performance. Both innovation and AIS positively mediate the relationship between business strategy and MSMEs’ performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe performance variable was measured based on the owners' perception. This makes the results not to be reflective of the real performance situation.Practical implicationsAlignment between strategy and innovation plays a vital role in improving the performance of MSMEs. The differentiation strategy that focuses on product uniqueness and quality requires innovation to add value to the product and the customer. The innovation process is at high risk of failure, so MSMEs owners need accurate calculations in decision making. AISs are part of management control to reduce risk by identifying standards and directing organizational goals.Originality/valueThis study considers the contingency factors in the relationship between strategy and performance by providing innovation variables and AIS.

The Influence of Consumer Threat Emotion and Brand Trust and corporate image to the Buying Decision at Rumah Sakit Pertamina Balikpapan). This study aimed to analyze the influence of Threat Emotions and Brand Trust and corporate image to the Buying Decision. The independent variables in this study are threat emotions and brand trust, while the dependent variable in this study is buying decisions. The type of research that is used is quantitative research. The research was conducted on customers of Rumah Sakit Pertamina Balikpapan. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques in this study used regression analysis. This study shows that threat emotion does not have a significant positive effect on buying decisions, brand trust does have a significant positive effect on buying decisions, and corporate image has a positive and significant effect on buying decisions.

Language is an important and primary communication tool in daily life. Basically speaking is not only about delivering messages from the speaker to the listener. But, language is also related to diction, politeness, and attitude. In the era of globalization and sophisticated technology, sometimes it makes the speakers forget important things in the process of communicating or speaking. This is certainly related to the culture that developed in this country, Indonesia. The ability to speak is an important part of communication. This is because we have a culture and customs background that uphold the norms of politeness. The politeness of the language at this time, especially among adolescents has begun to be set aside, even some of them no longer care about it. Need to be held and conducted politeness research on students in the boarding environment. It is hoped that this research will provide a solution to the impoliteness of students in the language of the communication process. In general, these violations are caused by three factors, namely language ability, ability to understand context, and closeness. The situation above is also felt by the boarding house owner who is inhabited by students. The research method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach. Bassey (1999: 25) states that "Case study methods involve the collection and recording of data about a case or case ..." This statement can be interpreted that the case study methods include the collection and recording of data about one case or more. From the findings above, the results obtained for politeness of language by 46% and language impoliteness of 53%. Based on the results of these calculations it can be concluded that the communication or language process between boarders (students) and boarding owners is classified as impolite. The figure of 53% results of language impoliteness can occur by several factors, including the sense of closeness with the owner of the boarding house, the wrong choice of diction, and the language style used by the occupants of the boarding house.Keywords: politeness language, language, students

This study aims to explain and describe the implementation of functional approaches in learning Arabic through the method of community language learning. Community language learning method is a method that aims for students to learn to use language that is learned communicatively. Community language learning (CLL) is the name of a method developed by Charles A Curran and his colleagues. Community language learning (CLL) is often used in communicative learning or speaking skills. research in this study is the Research field. Collecting data in this study is qualitative (not in the form of numbers) through a review of some literature and using qualitative analysis in the presentation of data, data analysis and conclusion. The results of his research are detailed descriptions and explanations of the details of Arabic learning instruments that use the community language learning method in terms of a functional approach to realize the goals of modern Arabic learning, namely factual communication, in the sense that students are able to function foreign languages learned as communication tools, in this case Arabic.

This paper has the ambition to examine the work-life balance (WLB) standards applied by the Limited Company of Bank Central Asia (PT BCA) Samarinda branch and their impact on employee loyalty, job performance, and turnover intentions. Our targets for employees who work in customer services (CS). We collected the data through survey techniques, where the size of the informants was 340 samples. Multiple regression analysis indicates that the WLB policy has affected employee loyalty, turnover intentions, and job performance. Employee loyalty also plays an important role in job performance and turnover intentions. Meanwhile, job performance has a significant effect on preventing turnover intentions. The fundamental difference to this finding lies in the escalation in the causality of the variables and is worth developing.

This paper elaborates on the reality of the Mopo'alati tradition in Gorontalo. It expresses respect, hopes to the sacred, and supernatural. This tradition is celebrated once a year in the month of Muharram by Muslim communities on the coast of Molotabu as an expression of gratitude and prayer of salvation in facing a hard life and challenging sea. The study used a qualitative descriptive method through ethnographic design in order to understand deeply the philosophy of the tradition and its correlation with world life. Mopo’alati tradition is urgent to be studied in order to identify the inconsistency values deviates from Islam and encouraged the ritual ceremony to Islamic nuance. The finding illustrates that Gorontalo society is very fanatical about Islam, thus all mental-spiritual activities, social activities, and traditions must be based on the philosophy of “Adati hulo huloa to Syara’ah, Syara’ah hula hula’a to Qur’ani”. It means the custom bases on religious values and the religious values base on Alquran. This philosophy contains the very deep meaning of tauhid (God's values). On another side, Gorontalo society defenced the ancestor's tradition even though it deviated from Islamic values. Nowadays, Mopo’alati tradition is packaged in a ritual format by giving a more objective moral light. The ceremony was started by doing two rakaat of unobligation pray, reciting al-Waqi’ah verse, al-Rahman verse, and Yasin verse, reciting zikir, and closed by reciting safety pray. Mopo’alati ceremony was closed by giving food, cakes, and money which collected in a ceremony to poor people around the village.

The title of this research is: "Analysis of the Influence of Inflation, Currency Exchange Rates and BI Rate on Murabahah Financing at Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) in 2013-2018." The formulation of the problems in this study are: 1) What is the effect of inflation on murabaha financing in Bank Mandiri Syariah (BSM) in 2013-2018? ?, 3) What is the effect of the BI Rate on murabaha financing at Bank Mandiri Syariah (BSM) in 2013-2018 ?. 4) Does inflation, currency rates and bi rates have a simultaneous effect on murabaha financing at Bank Mandiri Syariah (BSM) in 2013-2018?. While the research method used is descriptive quantitative research methods in the form of time series that is research on financial statements, and testing data using the SPPS program. The results obtained are: First, t arithmetic (1,731)> t table (1,724), so that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, it can be concluded that inflation has a significant and significant influence on murabaha financing at PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri for the period March 2013 to December 2018. Second, t arithmetic (0.212) F table (3.168> 2.87) with a significant value of 0.000

The era of industrial revolution 4.0 is known as the era of openness that calls for the quality of human resources characterized by technological capabilities. Sophisticated technology results in a decrease in character for adults, including educators. Based on research from several regions in Indonesia conducted by UNICEF (2006), it was proved that around 80% were still prone to violence in the school environment conducted by educators to students. Based on the case above, the writer wants to give advice by creating child-friendly schools that are able to provide children's rights in order to be able to provide pleasant and comfortable services. This research was conducted at the Muhammadiyah Elementary School 2 in Berbah Yogyakarta. This research is a qualitative research that uses a phenomenological approach. In collecting data using the trianggulation method and reading related books. Based on the results of research to realize child-friendly schools in the industrial revolution era 4.0, SD Muhammadiyah Pajangan 2 Berbah applied. 6M, namely: 1) Cultivating 5S (greetings, smiles, greetings, courtesy and courtesy), 2) instilling Muhammadiyah pledges, 3) improving habituation (Riyadhoh), 4) improving infrastructure, 5) improving the quality of educators, and 6) terminating School canteen.

This paper aims to express the values of local wisdom that belong to the people of Gorontalo, Indonesia. The values of local wisdom need to be explored to anticipate the symptoms of religious radicalism that began to emerge in the life of the people of Gorontalo city. Using phenomenology method, this study analyzes the data obtained through interviews, observation, documentation, and focus group discussions. The results of the study show that Gorontalo people have many local wisdom values, such as huyula; dulohupa;Modungohe ta Uda’a; Mopiyohu to bisala wawu huhutu; dan Tombulu. In the local wisdom found the value of mutual cooperation, deliberation, adherence to custom , tolerance, love for the motherland, moral education, self-purification, deepening of Islamic teachings, benevolence, and virtue. This study concludes that Gorontalo people have internal strength as social capital to anticipate the symptoms of religious radicalism.

This paper examines the system of Islamic government according to al-Mawardi and its application in Indonesia. The first study focused on the early history of government in the history of Islamic politics since the Prophet built the State of Medina until it developed until the Abbasid dynasty. Al-Mawardi, who lived in the Middle Ages when the political situation at that time was very unstable and led to the decline of the Abbasid dynasty, gave birth to a concept of a government system based on the political reality of his day. Imam al-Mawardi's political thinking was then poured in the work of al-Ahkam al-Sulthaniyyah and became a basic concept for the development of political thought and its application in the modern era including in Indonesia. In Indonesia, the application of al-Mawardi's theory of social contracts explains the relationship between ahl al-halli wal aqdi and ahl Imamah. This concept was then embodied and developed in the system of governance in Indonesia into 3 boards, namely: legislative institutions, executive institutions, and judicial institutions.

This study aims to describe the similarities and differences between Indonesian and Filipino English curricula and other special characteristics of the two countries in the ninth grade of junior high school. The comparative case research was conducted in two schools, namely SMP Frater Don Bosco Tarakan and SMA Terpadu PSU which were selected purposively as samples. The data obtained from classroom observations, interviews, and related documents were analyzed qualitatively using concurrent analysis (data sorting, presentation, and conclusion drawing). The Indonesian and Philippine curricula have similarities in terms of aims, objectives, pedagogical standards, and evaluation standards, but differ in learning objects. Some of the specific characteristics of both curriculum practices are taking advantage of today's advanced technology, building responsibility among students, evaluating student attitudes authentically, and moving away from judging academic achievement based on exaggerated grades.

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence on the influence of brand awareness, brand image and brand trust on the loyalty to a ready to drink (RTD) fruit beverage product in the city of Padang. Based on quantitative approach, data collected with questionnaire and respondents were selected with purposive sampling technique. The number of filled questionnaire was 293 from 350 distributed. Hypothesis testing is done by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS version 24 software program . Statistical analysis reveals that brand awareness has a significant influence on brand image but has no significant effect on brand trust and brand loyalty. This Study also obtained the results that the brand image has a significant and positive impact on brand trust, but surprisingly brand image does not have a significant effect on brand loyalty. And form this study we found Brand trusts have a positive and significant influence on brand loyalty. This study provides insights that in RTD beverage industry in Padang city, awareness about the brand is not enough to obtain loyalty to particular brand. Thus, marketers should find an appropriate program in their communications to the customers. Some limitations and future research are discussed.Keywords: Brand Awareness, Brand Image, Brand Trust, Brand Loyalty, RTD fruit beverage industry

This study aims to examine and provide empirical evidence of the impact of client size and industry specialization on audit quality and the effect of audit quality on audit fees, reputation, and litigation both on audit-detecting misstatement quality and audit-reporting misstatement quality-analyzed based on client factors. This paper utilizes the perspective regulatory theory and signaling theory and is based on quantitative-causality research conducted by the survey method. Technique sampling is performed by purposive sampling. The results indicate that client size had a significant positive effect on the audit quality-detecting misstatement but does not have any impact on the audit quality-reporting misstatements whereas industry specialization auditors have no effect on the audit quality-detecting misstatement but have a significant effect on the audit quality-reporting misstatements. Clients may opt for the auditor that charges lower fees but can provide a positive signal for stakeholders or choose an auditor that is registered with BPK or OJK because such audit firms are more acceptable by stakeholders. As for the external auditors, the high-quality audit is necessary to avoid the risk of litigation in addition to maintaining independence. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/afr.v3i1.3884

This study aims to determine the effect of the influence of advertising messages, consumer trust and consumer attitudes towards the purchase decisions services and consumer loyalty in using Pertamina Hospital services in Balikpapan. Data analysis tools used in this study are Partial Least Square (PLS) with the help of SmartPLS 3.0 software The results of this study indicate: (1) Advertising messages have a positive and significant effect on consumer decisions, (2) Advertising messages has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty, (3) Consumer Trust has a positive and significant effect on Purchase decisions, (4) Customer Trust has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty, (5) Consumer Attitude has a negative and insignificant effect on Purchase decisions Services, (6) Consumer Attitude has a positive and significant influence on Customer Loyalty, (7) Decision on Using RSPB Services gives positive and significant influence on Customer loyalty.

The fall in the sale and purchase figures in the tempe industry in Banda Sakti District, Lhokseumawe City is quite interesting to study. The purpose of this study is to, first, find out the marketing mix strategy; second, knowing the supporting and inhibiting factors; and third, knowing in terms of the tempe home industry Islamic economics. Primary data and secondary data obtained by observation, interviews, and questionnaires, then analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the study show: the marketing mix strategy undertaken by the tempe home industry is still traditional, both in terms of product, place, promotion, and price. The supporting factor is one of the traditional foods, which is popular in the community and sterile from chemicals, while the inhibiting factor is the limited raw material for soybeans. The Marketing Mix Strategy in terms of Islamic Economics is as follows: Tempeh products are not prohibited; Prices offered are affordable; Place of marketing in strategic locations and easily accessible; Promotion is not yet fully in accordance with the Islamic economic system, because it has not yet maximized to increase sales, it is evident from the aspect of the strategy that it still is. Keywords: Marketing Mix Strategy, Tempe Industry, Sharia Economy. Abstrak Turunnya angka jual beli tempe di Kecamatan Banda Sakti, Kota Lhokseumawe cukup menarik untuk diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk, pertama,mengetahui strategi bauran pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh pengusaha industri tempe; kedua, mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat; dan ketiga, mengetahui ditinjau dari ekonomi Islam industri rumah tangga tempe. Data primer dan data sekunder didapat dengan wawancara, observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner, selanjutnya dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasilnya penelitian menunjukkan: strategi bauran pemasaran yang dilakukan industri rumah tangga tempe masih tradisional, baik dari segi produk, tempat, promosi, dan harga. Faktor pendukungnya merupakan salah satu makanan tradisional, yang populer di masyarakat dan seteril dari bahan kimia, sementara faktor penghambatnya, terbatasnya bahan baku kedelai. Strategi Bauran Pemasaran ditinjau dari Ekonomi Islam adalah sebagai berikut: Produk tempe tidak dilarang; Harga ditawarkan terjangkau; Tempat pemasaran di lokasi strategis dan mudah diakses; Promosi belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan sistem ekonomi syariah, karena belum memaksimalkan untuk meningkatkan penjualan, terbukti dari aspek strategi masih seperti apa adanya. Kata Kunci: Strategi Bauran Pemasaran; Industri Tempe: Ekonomi Syariah.

Background : Adequate of nutrition intakes and indentification of nutrition problem in elementary school are essential for children growth and development. Objective : To analyze association between breakfast habit, dietary snacking and frequency consumption of food with nutritional status in elementary school student. Methods : Observational study with cross sectional design. The sample was collected with total sampling, included 134 student. The study was conducted in April-May 2016 which was located in Elementary School 11 Limboto, Gorontalo Regency. Antropometric measurement and nutritional status was colleted by measure of weight and height. Economic status, dietary snacking, frequency consumption of food and breakfast habit were measured using questionare. Data analysis was used bivariate with chi square test. Results : There were 50 , 7% male and 49 , 3% female students. Around 64 , 9% student have accustomed breakfast, 17 , 9% students have frequence for eat ≥ 3 time a day and 78 , 4% students have accustomed snacking at the school. There was association between nutritional status with dietary snacking (p = 0 , 030), while dietary breakfast and frequency consumption of food with p > 0 , 05 that mean there was not association with nutritional status. Conclusion: dietary snacking have association with the children nutritional status at the elementary school.

Regardless of identity, transvestites are also human beings who must have the character to be pious. A human being with faith can be seen from how obedient he is to God or also called religiosity. Transsexual life in Banjarmasin is not very visible in the community, but in its community religious activities themselves continue to be carried out. This type of research is field research using a qualitative approach and case studies because the phenomenon of adolescent transsexual religiosity is unique to study. Data collection techniques used were the scale of religiosity, semi-structured interviews, and non-participant observation with subjects totaling two people with characteristics of transsexuals who were 18-21 years old, Muslim, were members of the IWB community and Paris Barantai, and lived in the Banjarmasin area. Both subjects have a high level of religiosity. It can also be seen that there are five dimensions of religiosity in transvestites, where both have a size of faith in a strong pillar of hope, an aspect of worship in doing fewer religious duties, a relatively good spiritual dimension, quite a proportion of religious knowledge because they at least know the basics religion, lack of practice in relations with the community and relationships with God, and the factors that influence their religiosity are the main factors, namely social influence and need elements as supporting factors.

Objective - This study aims to explore the interaction between principal and agent relationship in traditional villages in the context of the budget. Also, this study shows the importance of local wisdom as a guide and as a source of knowledge, to fill and form the pattern of an agency relationship in the context of a more harmonious budget. Methodology/Technique - The research method used is ethnography. Ethnography is the science of writing about race, using a more contemporary language. Ethnography can provide detailed information on the daily activities of a culture in a group. Therefore, it could make detailed notes about the behavior and beliefs of the group from time to time. Findings - This study found that the interaction between principal and agent in traditional villages in the context of the budget have using local wisdom as a guide and as a source of knowledge. Balinese local wisdom forms the pattern of an agency relationship in the frame of a harmonious budget. The characteristics of Bali is very obvious from Hindu religion, customs, and culture. All are united in a harmonious atmosphere, which cannot be separated from the participation of all the components, as well as cultural heritage. The principle of people unity has been there long before Indonesia's independence, namely Pakraman village. Novelty - This study has explored the myth and value of traditional village in Bali by using ethnography methodology, which is taken the deep value of Bali tradition. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Budget, Agency Relationship, Village, Bali, Accounting. JEL Classification: P11, R51.

Technological developments convey a change to all lines of people; human behavior, ways of life, transportation, habits to the way of learning is also influenced by these developments. In previous phases, education was a one-way process, where the teacher became the only source of information or knowledge for students. More than that, students first know information that occurs in other hemispheres compared to the teacher. This can happen if the teachers are unable to adapt to technological developments. The concept of sustainable professional development is a system that will create a new culture so that teachers can be aware of the changes that occur. This research explores the implementation of sustainable professional development in high schools throughout Kendari City. To obtain the data in question, the researcher used the snowball approach through interviewing, observation, and analysis data. Furthermore, the collected data is analyzed using an interactive model which includes: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and verification. The results of this study are: 1) the teachers have an awareness to adapt to the situation, especially knowing and applying up-to-date teaching methods, of course through the development of continuous professionalism; 2) In order to achieve the quality of education, it must be supported by the development of teacher competencies such as PKB, because it will improve teacher competencies to achieve the competency standards set out in applicable laws and regulations, update teacher competencies to meet teacher needs in the development of science, technology and art to facilitate the learning process of students, increase the commitment of teachers in carrying out their main tasks and functions as professionals, foster a sense of love and pride as persons with teacher professions, enhance the image, dignity and dignity of the teaching profession in the community.

One of the functions of media relation for a company is to craft good image and reputation of the company in the public’s eye. Related to such function, the aim of this research is to explain the function of the media relation of the PDAM Surakarta to maintain the good image of the company. This research apllies descriptive-qualitative technique of analysis and collects data through observations, indepth interviews, and documentations. Findings of this research are: (1) PDAM Surakarta manages both internal and external relations by using media to provide informations about the company; (2) creating media relations through press release, media visits, and press tour, and (3) expanding its’ networks by cooperating with mass media such as Solopos, RRI, RIA RM, TA TV, and Metta FM.Keywords: Company image, media relations, PDAM Surakarta

Learning to read in primary school is divided into two, namely beginning reading and reading comprehension. This reading skill needs to be applied when the child is still as early as possible because reading is the main basis for students. But there are some obstacles in reading skills, such as lack of reference to the stages of reading, lack of teacher guidance to summarize the contents of the reading, and lack of enthusiasm of students in learning to read. This research is a classroom action research which consists of two cycles. Each cycle consists of action planning, action, observation and reflection. The subject of this research was students of class VI of the State primery school 023 Kijang Island, Reteh District, which amounted to 11 people. This study aims to improve students' reading skills which are rooted in the strategy of think, predict, read, connect (TPRC). The results of this study indicate, the initial data of students on reading skills amounted to 59.7 in the medium category, in the first cycle, the average value of students' reading skills increased to 76.03 in the high category. while in cycle II, the average value of students' reading skills again increased to 88.9 in very high categories. The increase in the average value seen from the basic score to the second cycle is 29.2 points. These results prove that the application of the TPRC strategy can improve reading skills of students in class VI 023 public primary school kijang island, reteh district.

This article presents trends in the level of bullying by connecting to understanding Mathematics, Reading and Science. This study aims to see how the bullying trends in 2012 to 2015 influence the trend of student achievement in Mathematics, Reading and Science from student perspective about school. There are 54 countries presented to this article, which is based on the 2012 and 2015 data of PISA. The results show that in the years 2012 to 2015, Indonesia was in the second rank, as a country that experienced a downgrade of 4.03 points. Of the three subjects, a few years ago increased between 2012 and 2015. Of the 54 countries, 42% indicated that bullying behavior in schools also decreased academic achievement.

Happiness is a feeling that can be experienced by everyone, but the way to get happiness varies depending on how the person perceives it. The purpose of this research is to find out how the level and perception of happiness in the Banjar community. This type of research uses a mixed method with 55 people for a quantitative approach and 12 people for a qualitative approach taken from a sample of 55 people who have high levels of happiness. Data collection techniques used were, questionnaire, observation and interview. The results of this study can be concluded that the level of happiness of adolescents with high happiness categories is 35% and moderate 65%, adults are high happiness categories 55% and moderate 45%, and elderly happiness categories are high 46.7% and moderate 53.3%. Perceptions of happiness in adolescents are positive emotions, gratitude, family, achievement, peers, and social life. Adults are positive emotions, be patient and grateful, family, marriage, physical health, money, work, social life, and religiosity. While the elderly are positive emotions, gratitude, age, money, family, physical health, religion, social life.

The problem found by researcher in class V (B) MIN 23 Aceh Besar is that students are less interested in learning Arabic and make students not active in learning, so mastery in the vocabulary is low, as well the teacher does not use varied media in the learning process. Because of that the researcher tries to overcome these problems with applying cards sort media to improve students’ ability is mastering the vocabulary. The purposes of this research are to identify the effectiveness and student’s responses the application of card sort media to improve ability in mastering the vocabulary. The research method used by researcher is a pre experiment with “one group pre-test and post-test” design, and for data collection, the research used test and questionnaire. The researcher used percentage to analyze student’s responses and the T test to obtain the value of effectiveness. The results of T test to show that the application of card sort media is effective to improve the ability of students in mastering the vocabulary. The result of (T-Test) (-6.077) and the level of significance (sig) which the results. (.000) obtained meaning smaller than the value of the provisions (0.000) < (0.05). And the result of questionnaire showed that the students’ responses to the vocabulary learning by using card sort media is at a high level of 3,67.

This research was aimed to know the effect of techniques and fermentation time on of cocoa beans quality. Experiment was conducted using two variables and three replications. Variable fermentation techniques was with two factors; spontaneous and controlled. Variable fermentation time was with three factors namely 72, 120 and 168 hours. Cocoa quality was determined by physical quality test consists of temperature during fermentation. Required quality for common and special beans is in accordance to SNI 2323: 2008. Chemical test for cocoa qualities were fat, moisture content, ash, protein, carbohydrates and pH. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed with Duncan Test. Results showed fermentation techniques and time were significantly affect to temperature, fat contents, ash, pH. Especially the fermentation time, it’s also affect significantly to the moisture and starch. Best result was shown in cocoa beans with controlled fermentation techniques at 72 hours as shown by temperature at 44,67°C, 31,46% fat content, 2,97% moisture, 1,99% ash, 39,37% starch and 5,69 pH. Following this research, better quality of cocoa beans could obtain in the next study using different microorganism (heterofermentative).

This study examines the impact of female's presence on the board of directors on corporate tax aggressiveness. The sample is manufacturing companies and trade, service, and investment companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (ISE) over the 2013-2015 periods. Listed companies on the ISE follow a two-tier board structure consisting of the board of directors and the board of commissioners. This study focuses on the presence of female on the board of directors as the management functions of the company. Based on a sample of 360 company-year observations, our multiple regression results show that a negative and statistically significant association between the presence of female on the board of directors and tax aggressiveness. This result supports previous empirical evidence conducted in Western countries. This finding suggests that the presence of female directors on the board of directors is effective in their tax reporting compliance.

This study aims to explore the prospective science-teachers’ services satisfaction in private educational institution in Indonesia. Intended educational institution in this study is the Institute of Teacher Training and Education (IKIP) Mataram, Province of West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This study is a survey research, where data is collected using a questionnaire containing the statement items of services satisfaction on the aspects of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibility. Questionnaires were given to prospective-teachers who were actively studying and felt the services provided by the institution. Respondents involved as many as 282 prospective science-teachers, each of respondents from three study programs namely biology education, physics education, and chemistry education. The results of measurements of prospective science-teachers’ services satisfaction in IKIP Mataram on the aspects of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibility in a row with very good responses of 17.59%, good responses of 60.64%, sufficient responses of 13.76%, and less responses of 8.01%. The recommendation in this study is that private education institutions need to continue to improve services in all aspects, especially the most dominant is the tangible aspect.

This study aims to provide novel empirical evidence about the effectiveness of higher education social responsibility (HESR) as a strategy to acquire new and qualified in-line students for higher education institutions. In this research, a case study of Akademi Akuntansi YKPN Yogyakarta, a leading higher education institution offering vocational accounting courses in Indonesia, is used. Results show that the number of HESR activities implemented in vocational higher education has positive significant effects on new and qualified in-line students. Our hypothesis tested through linear regression also reveals that the number of HESR activities implemented in vocational higher education positively affects the number of its new and qualified in-line students from related partner vocational high schools. This research contributes to the analysis of supply chain linkage literature, especially linkages for higher education institutions, through the implementation of HESR as a strategy to acquire these students in higher education institutions and to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. Although this topic in higher education is important, it has been rarely explored.

Gayam and Brabowan villages are areas in Gayam sub-district, which are in ring 1 of Exxon Mobil oil and gas exploration. Changes from the agrarian region to the oil industry are shifting in the economic, cultural, and social sectors of society, which are vulnerable to negative influences such as alcoholic drinking, drugs so that adolescents are at risk of being affected by TRIAD KRR (sexuality, HIV-AIDS, drugs). The purpose of this program is teenagers understand and practice healthy lifestyles, morality, resilience, and prepare themselves to become the Indonesian Planning Generation through the synergy of the PIK-R program and hypnotherapy. This program synergizes youth information and counseling programs with hypnotherapy in the PIK-R container, and giving health services, facilitating referral and fostering religious, and moral as well as requiring cross-program and cross-sector collaboration. The results showed that the knowledge and life skills of adolescents, increase in TRIAD KRR (sexuality, HIV AIDS and drugs) by 24.2%. Peer counselor ability has increased by 60%. Youth motivation in developing and managing PIK-R increased by 33.3%. Health checks carried out through HIV AIDS screening in adolescents and 100% free of HIV AIDS. Adolescents are able to detect the symptoms and signs of HIV AIDS that are beneficial to the community. Provision of religious knowledge must be carried out consistently in order to form a noble character to prevent the impact of transcultural culture. Collaboration are created to establish a moral engagement so that the program runs sustainably and a generation of planning is created (GENRE).

The development of ecotourism can not be separated from the empowerment of local communities and small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The purpose of this research is to develop ecotourism development and planning model, especially the relationship between ecotourism and sustainable community development through green entrepreneurship development strategy by highlighting local uniqueness as the main weapon to enhance the attractiveness of ecotourism destination in NTB Province. This research activity is planned to be done in 3 (three) stages with a period of 3 years. Results of primary and secondary data collection have obtained SWOT picture which is useful to make the draft of village tourism policy in lombok NTB. Green Village based tourism entreprenuership and local wisdom to enhance tourist attraction to Lombok NTB: Output, governance system of green entrepreneur development and Tourism Village in NTB province, consisting of (a) Policy of developing green entrepreneur and tourism village for ecotourism destination development (b) Action Plan green entrepreneur and green product (c) Planning Indicators and (d) Monitoring and evaluation system. Other outputs are accredited and internationally accredited international scientific journals as well as teaching materials for the Faculty of Economics and Business and Tourism Vocational Program at Universitas SebelasMaret (UNS) and Yogyakarta State University; Outcome, in the form of governance and development of green entrepreneur development policy, green product for weaving and pearl, green labeling and tourism village so that the realization of ecotourism based on sustainable community empowerment in NTB province.

This research deconstructed the values contained in the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) which is used by company for social investment aimed at prospering the community. In fact, consideration on such investment is merely for the profit and reputation of the company. The logos in this research is capitalist which is still the ideology of CSR so that deconstruction is conducted using symbol value of Kedatuan Luwu (Pakka and Payung Ri Luwu). The reality of corporate social responsibility is still on the implementation of handling negative impact caused by company activity. The company operates still with the purpose of maximizing profit which is still filled with material factors based on capitalist ideology. The deconstructed value is the value of profit that is taken into consideration is material in social activities that lead to the concept of capitalism. The intended profit should be the profit that becomes the economic impact of the activity so that the company earns profit and reputation done with dignity before the community and God. The methodology used was qualitative with the paradigm of postmodernism by deconstructing the indigenous symbols of Kedatuan Luwu by including "ade" and "sara" as the order that should be applied in the implementation of CSR to be accepted by local indigenous people. The result of this research was obtained after the researcher deconstructed the concept of CSR proposed by Elkington about Triple Bottom Line (People, Planet and Profit), and analyzing Triyuwono's deconstruction result by adding Prophet and God to CSR concept. From our analysis we found that conflicts between companies and indigenous people were due to the concept of CSR that only emphasized the impact of profit, planet, people, prophet and God were not enough if the way to implement and interact with the local community is still capitalist. Therefore, this study found that its solution is by destroying the logos of capitalism and deconstructing it using the traditional philosophy of Kedatuan Luwu "Pattuppu ri Ade'E Pasanre Ri Sara'E. The philosophy means that whatever conducted in Tana Luwu must be based on the Luwu customs and should not be contrary to the religion.

Previous studies of shopping motivation as well as research to classify the various customers into group or types. This present study intends to take the first steps towards the development of shopping motivation may have effect on purchase intention with moderating role of loyalty program and corporate image in hypermarket format. The sample of 228 undergraduate and post graduate student where they had visited a hypermarket. Hierarchical regression was conduct to analysis that such of relationship. In this study was divided into 4 model including control variable, predictor variable, two way interaction and three way interaction. The result indicated that shopping motivation was statistically significant can increase purchase intention. Loyalty program and corporate image as not moderating variable, because the two interactions is not significant. However, loyalty program can affect independently (as predictor variable) on purchase intention. Shopping motivation and loyalty program may be the good combination of marketing strategy to increase purchase intention in retail format. In the future research, suggested using another variable such that store atmospheric, promotion strategy or other variable as moderating variable and also general public as respondent is the best sample.

The result of science literacy in Indonesian students has been satisfactorily yet. The government has introduced some new learning strategies. The research is aimed to finding some learning strategies can improved literacy science. The research was conducted in Indonesian school involving 213 participants who are divided into study groups using several learning strategies. Research involved all student on 10 th grade in that school. Improvement of science literacy was analyzed by N-gain and comparing some strategies of learning was analyzed by Anova followed Turkey. The results shows the impovement of science literacy in the learning by using scientific approach was not as good as inquiry approach, Argument Driven Inquiry (ADI), and Science Technology Education Matematics (STEM). The results of science literacy finding the improvement in science literacy of students who learn by using scientific approach comparing using scientific approach is similar to the one using Science Technology Scociety (STS) strategy.

The purpose of this study is to obtain information on the benefits of Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) to increased the learning concentration of students at MIN 1 elementary school in Mersi Village, East Purwokerto. This research used a direct survey qualitative method and literature study. Based on the results research, it shows that administration of DMT to elementary students helped in: (1) increased integration of cognition, affection, and physical experience; (2) expressions of competence; (3) increase self-awareness; (4) as a form of coping in an effort to overcome the problem of pressure/stress, mood, emotion; (5) helping to improve self-efficacy (6) DMT is a form of social support. When cognitive integration, affection, self-awareness and happy conditions are achieved, students can improve their concentration in the learning process. The results can be used as a strong basis for the importance of providing DMT therapy in schools of students to assist in the process of improving the results of the learning process. Keywords : dance movement therapy (DMT)

This study aims to examine the factors that affecting corruption in Indonesia local governments. The sample used in this study consist of 225 Indonesian local governments. This study uses secondary data obtained from the Financial Audit Board (BPK) and Provincial Government’s Financial Report (LKPD) from 2010-2014 period along with composition data that's obtained from the Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) in Indonesia. Data analysis were performed using regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that corporate governance proxied with the composition of DPRDs that do not coalesce with the government, compared with the total DPRD has a significant effect on the corruption of local governments in Indonesia. The results of the analysis also show that the Regional Financial Information System (SIKD) has no effect on the corruption of local government. The control variables used in this study include the government's internal control system (weaknesses of accounting and reporting controls, weaknesses of controlling the execution of the budget and the weakness of the internal control structure) and the characteristics of local government (size of local government, asset, and balanced funds).

This study aimed to observe the significant influence of Organizational Climate andJob Satisfaction on the Organizational Citizenship Behavior of non-civil teacher in WestSumbawa Regency, either simultaneously or partially, and to determine which dominantvariables that influence theirOrganizational Citizenship Behaviours. The current studybelonged to an associative type of research using saturation sampling technique. The studyinvolved 65 participant whose status were non-civil servant teachers of Vocational HighSchools. The data analysis technique employed was multiple linier regression.Results of the study showed that Organizational Climate and Job Satisfactionsimultaneously had a significant influence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior on thenon-civil servant vocational school teachers in West Sumbawa Regency. The variables ofOrganizational Climate showed to have a significant influence, either partially ordominantly, on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. However, the Job Satisfaction showedto have no significant influence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior.Keywords: Organizational Climate, Job Satisfaction, Organizational CitizenshipBehaviors (OCB).

Application of hygiene and sanitation of food and drink in Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Anak (LAPAS). Lembaga Pemasyarakatan is have purpose to provide guidance to prisoner in Indonesia. The average population density Lapas the over capacity in Indonesia. Based on recent data form Kantor Wilayah Kementrian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, the number of population in LAPAS class II A Martapura was ranked third highestof the 13 LAPAS in Kalimantan Selatan with the number of population of about 921 people. With many of population, application of hygiene and sanitation of food an drink need to be implement for the implementation of food safety. The purpose of this research was to determine how the application of the hygiene and sanitation of food and drink in LAPAS class II A Martapura. The study was conducted by observing how security measures against food, equipment, food handlers, and food holder then comparing them with standard. The results showed thet the application of the hygiene and sanitation of food and drink in the category overall enough. For variable security measures on the equipment and food handlers in the category less, variable security measures on the food holder in the category enough, and variable security measures on the food in the category good. To the optimize application of hygiene and sanitation of food and drink in Lapas, efforts to do is add sanitation facilities food holder modify the open space, ordered food ingredients should not use the car open and do not slam, washed equipment performed with the correct phases and use soap, and stroge equipment stored in a safe place to minimize contamination of biological, physical, chemical. Keywords : Application Higiene and sanitation of food and drink

LC 50 Test of Tofu Waste Water to Tilafia (Orechromis niloticus) aged 2 months in Banjarbaru. Tofu industrial wastewater with a low pH, 0 mg/l DO and a temperature of 32°C when discharged without treatment into receiving water bodies will lead to the death of aquatic biota so acute toxicity tests need to be done. This study aims to determine the LC 50 of the waste out in tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ). This study used an experimental method, posttest design with a control group. Samples were taken randomly in waste outlet in Banjarbaru, then toxicity tests performed with various of toxicant concentrations and exposure time at tilapia of 2 months age. Based on the initial results of toxicity tests, the lowest concentration that causes 100% dead of tilapia is 20%, so that the concentration of industrial wastewater know that will be used in the acute toxicity tests are: 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%. Parameters wich were controlled are pH, temperature and DO. Probit analysis using SPPS was used to determined LC 50 . The results showed that LC 50 for exposure time: 24, 48 and 72 hours are 3.80 up to 11.35%, 3.67 s.d 14.30% and 3.38 up to 12.10% particularly. Correlation analysis showed the characteristics of pH and DO in the tofu industrial wastewater affects the LC 50 . Decrease of DO and pH, LC 50 would decrease. The study is expected as input to information and pollution control and waste out policy decisions in order to make local regulations maintained environmental sustainability. For further research can complement parameters Ammonia levels and turbidity in the water that affect the survival of fish, in addition to the pH, DO and temperature of the water. Keywords : LC 50 test; tofu waste water; Tilafia ( Orechromis niloticus ) of 2 months aged.

This study examines the effect of underwriter reputation on the intellectual capital disclosure extent and the impact of intellectual capital disclosure on underpricing. We developed a measurement method of underwriter reputation by using three indicators, i.e. trading volume, trading value, and trading frequency. Moreover, we also developed an intellectual capital disclosure index which is apropriate with Indonesian regulation. The testing result of 221 firms which conducted initial public offering in 2000-2014 showed that the underwriter reputation is the determinant of intellectual capital disclosure. We also found that intellectual capital disclosure affected underpricing negatively. Those findings indicate that intellectual capital disclosure extent may reduce information asymmetry, so as to assist potential investors in assessing the quality and prospect of a firm in the future.Keywords: Underwriter Reputation; Intellectual Capital Disclosure; Underpricing.