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To characterize the progression of structural and functional changes in the retinas of a small cohort of unrelated patients with early late-onset retinal degeneration and evaluate these changes as potential biomarkers for future treatment trials.Best-corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, Goldman visual fields, retinal sensitivity measurement by mesopic microperimetry, extent of ellipsoid zone disruption using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and fundus autofluorescence imaging were performed at each biennial visit.Three unrelated patients with molecularly confirmed late-onset retinal degeneration (S163R mutation in C1QTNF5 ) were prospectively followed for 4 years.The patient's ages were 44, 54, and 62 at baseline. Over the 4-year follow-up period, one patient demonstrated a significant reduction in best-corrected visual acuity (6 Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters), whereas two patients suffered a significant reduction in contrast sensitivity. Early in the disease, there was a close relationship between ellipsoid zone disruption and a loss in retinal sensitivity. Later in the course of the disease, there were areas outside the zones of ellipsoid zone disruption that also suffered progressive loss of retinal sensitivity, suggesting that ellipsoid zone loss was not the only factor responsible for the loss of retinal sensitivity. Changes in fundus autofluorescence and Goldman visual field loss were not closely related to changes in ellipsoid zone disruption or retinal sensitivity loss.This study has found that the monitoring of the progression of ellipsoid zone disruption and changes in mesopic microperimetry may be useful biomarkers in future clinical trials in patients with late-onset retinal degeneration.

Books of etiquette emerged in Cuba during the nineteenth century as a tool that the creole class used to impose themselves as the model of an imagined national subject. Also known as manuals of urbanity and good manners, these texts projected the aspirations of the creole elite. They served as technologies to craft a kind of body—bourgeois, white, heterosexual, Cuban—molded to inhabit the new urban spatial configurations that the modernizing tendencies of the early century brought forth. I examine the synergistic ways in which manuals of conduct and their driving ideology, urbanity, developed in close relationship with the ornate—another major technology of government and differentiation of bodies through space. Politics of the ornate aimed to transform Havana into an elegant capital which was modern and colonial at once, and make its image “decent,” that is, clean from sensory references to black and female marginal bodies. I examine the discursive connections between the ornate and urbanity to unpack how modern bourgeois respectability was negotiated in a symbolic realm and through the regulation of sensations and emotions. Resumen Los manuales de conducta surgieron durante el siglo XIX cubano como un instrumento de la elite criolla en ascenso, para imponerse como modelo de un sujeto nacional imaginado en construccion. Estos textos, tambien llamados de “urbanidad y buenas maneras” fueron importantes simbolos de las aspiraciones de la elite criolla, en tanto tecnologias para la conformacion de un tipo de cuerpo —burgues, blanco, heterosexual, cubano— moldeado para habitar las nuevas configuraciones espaciales urbanas que trajeron consigo las tendencias modernizadoras de inicios de siglo. El presente articulo examina las formas sinergicas en que los manuales de conducta, y su ideologia motora, la urbanidad, se desarrollaron en estrecha relacion con otra importante tecnologia de gobierno y diferenciacion de cuerpos en el espacio: el ornato. Bajo la premisa de adecentar, las politicas de ornato tenian como objetivo transformar La Habana en una elegante capital, colonial y moderna a la vez, concebida como una imagen limpia de referencias sensoriales a cuerpos negros y femeninos marginales. Al examinar las conexiones discursivas entre el ornato y la urbanidad se evidencian las formas en que la respetabilidad moderna burguesa se negociaba, no solo en un plano simbolico sino tambien a traves de la regulacion de las sensaciones y emociones.

El número de migrantes provenientes de Venezuela en Colombia se ha incrementado sustancialmente. Por su ubicación geográfica de frontera extendida, Bucaramanga ha sido una de las principales ciudades receptoras de este flujo migratorio. En este artículo se caracterizan las iniciativas empresariales desarrolladas por migrantes venezolanos en Bucaramanga entre 2010 y 2018, a través de tres dimensiones de análisis: sociodemográfica, antecedentes empresariales y desempeño empresarial en Colombia. Para ello, se realizaron 19 encuestas y visitas de observación. Se concluye que en Bucaramanga existe una “economía étnica”, entendida como un conjunto de negocios creados por migrantes para enfrentar las barreras de acceso al mercado laboral y la xenofobia. No obstante, se ratifican las críticas que sobre este concepto se han formulado, pues no se evidencia una relación estrecha entre propietarios y clientes migrantes, pero sí en la conformación de equipos de trabajo que soportan el proceso productivo.

This article aims at analyzing and reflecting upon some aspects of Julio de Queiroz’ work, a Brazilian writer from Espirito Santo (Southeast Brazil) who lived many years in Santa Catarina – place where he published many books, among which outline his literary works, such as short stories, poems, cronicas and essays. In his literary work, Julio de Queiroz shows a close relationship with the city of Florianopolis, main setting for his short stories. Besides disclosing the work of this little known and studied author in Brazil, this article intends to analyze and discuss the way Julio de Queiroz’ work dialogues with the biblical narrative in an intertextual way. For such, an analysis based on the studies of Theopoetics is adopted. To do so, we analyze two short stories from the book “Encontro de Abismos”, first published in 2002: “Escuridao no meio-dia” and “Enigma no entardecer”.The main conclusion we can develop by reading these short stories is the dialogue that Julio de Queiroz’ work establishes with other writers who also dialogue with the Bible and Christian culture. We can also point out the recurring procedure in his short stories of writing texts that explore the literary and multiple-meaning character of the Bible. In that sense, the author’s texts explore spaces and passages that allow the reader build his own readings and interpretations.

Niniejsze opracowanie koncentruje się na formacji początkowej, formacji przed konsekracją i formacji permanentnej dziewic konsekrowanych żyjących w świecie, które reprezentują indywidualną formę życia konsekrowanego. Mowa jest w nim o dwóch wymiarach formacji, wynikających z charakteru stanu dziewic: chrystocentrycznym i eklezjalnym.Wymiar chrystocentryczny dotyczy problemów związanych z nawiązaniem ścisłej relacji z Chrystusem, natomiast wymiar eklezjalny dotyczy służby Kościołowi. Obydwa wymiary związane są z działaniem Ducha Świętego, dlatego szczególną uwagę zwrócono na charyzmaty. Artykuł porusza także problematykę osób odpowiedzialnych za proces formacji, w tym szczególnie samej kandydatki czy kobiety konsekrowanej. Omówiono także formy wychowania odpowiednie dla dorosłych, które mogą być stosowane w formacji osób konsekrowanych oraz inne szczegółowe zagadnienia dotyczące formacji.

Fertility has a close relationship with female labor force participation and is predicted to be the prominent factor affecting female labor force participation in rich and emerging countries. The decline in fertility worldwide, accompanied by increased female education, is assumed to increase female labor force participation. The increase in the female labor force participation rate can improve economic incentives for the country. Therefore, this study estimates the effect of fertility and female education on female labor force participation in cross-country panel datasets from 39 Asian countries, using panel ARDL analysis from 1990-2018. This study also examines the panel causality between the variables employing Dumitrescu and Hurlin’s (2012) Granger non-causality test. According to the Hausman test, among the three models in panel ARDL, DFE is the preferred model compared to the PMG and MG. The results revealed that fertility was negatively significant on female labor participation in the short run but not in the long run. In contrast, female education was positively significant on female labor participation in the long run but not in the short run. Meanwhile, the panel causality showed a bidirectional relationship between female labor participation and fertility, female labor participation and education, and fertility and female education.

Language, especially in a multilingual or multicultural environment, reflects the close relationship between the cultural and material requirements of the subjects concerned.

Since the late 19th century, when several inherited neurological disorders were described, the close relationship between Neurology and heredity were well documented by several authors in a pre-genetic era. The term Neurogenetics came to integrate two large sciences and clinical practices: Neurology and Genetics. Neurogenetics is the emerging field that studies the correlation between genetic code and the development and function of the nervous system, including behavioral traits, personality and neurological diseases. In this historical note, a timeline shows the main events and contributors since the first reports of neurogenetic diseases until the current days. In the recent years, neurologists are experiencing much broader use of new genetic diagnosis techniques in clinical practice. Thus, new challenges are arising in diagnostic approach, ethical considerations, and therapeutic options. This article aims to summarize the main historical hallmarks of Neurogenetics, from the pre-DNA era to the present, and the future directions of the field. RESUMO Desde o final do século XIX, quando diversas doenças neurológicas hereditárias foram descritas, a associação entre neurologia e hereditariedade foi bem documentada por vários autores na era pré-genética. O termo Neurogenética integra dois campos da ciência e da prática clínica: Neurologia e Genética. A Neurogenética é o campo que estuda a correlação entre o código genético e o desenvolvimento e a função do sistema nervoso, incluindo comportamento, personalidade e doenças neurológicas. Nesta nota histórica, a linha do tempo mostra os principais eventos e pesquisadores desde os primeiros relatos de doenças neurogenéticas até os dias atuais. Recentemente, neurologistas estão se deparando com maior uso de técnicas diagnósticas genéticas na prática clínica; portanto, novos desafios surgem na abordagem diagnóstica, nas considerações éticas e na terapêutica. Este artigo almeja resumir os principais marcos históricos da Neurogenética, desde a era pré-DNA até o presente, e os caminhos futuros desse campo de conhecimento.

This research attempts to have an empirical analysis on the relationship between the acquisition of language and the cultural identity among modern Chinese minority college students，and try to show an empirical view of how the acquisition of language matters with the cultural identity from one side as well as the mutual influences reflected from the relationship between language acquisition and cultural identity from the other side. The research employs mainly three analytical methods including method of theoretical analysis, method of comparative analysis and method of questionnaire to acquire a full understanding of the relationship between the acquisition of language and the cultural identity among modern Chinese minority college students. The current study data shows that compared with the local language, modern Chinese minority college students use Mandarin more in most of the time and occasions. At the same time, while acknowledging the importance of their local language, modern Chinese minority students also strongly advocate the promotion of Mandarin and English. Conclusion: Language acquisition and cultural identity are closely related. This is mainly reflected in the fact that language acquisition deeply reflects the elements of cultural identity, while cultural identity deeply reciprocally affects the way of language acquisition. The cultural identity of modern Chinese minority college students has determined the series of characteristics and methods they exhibit in the process of their language acquisition. The close relationship between language acquisition and cultural identity has provided great support and enlightenment both theoretically and practically for the majority of language educators.

BACKGROUND: Families, especially parents, are the closest people expected to care for people with mental disorders and this means family-focused care mental disorders is the main concept for the management of the illness due to the close relationship. AIM: The study was, therefore, conducted to explore the phenomenon of applying family empowerment in people with mental disorders as a means of developing instruments. METHODS: The research was qualitative with a phenomenological approach and data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed with the Colaizzi method. The participants include 14 families having someone with mental disorders and selected using the purposive sampling technique. RESULTS: The results, however, produced seven themes which are the perception of mental disorders, motivation to care, family participation, withdrawal from drugs, spirituality, costs, and alternative treatments. CONCLUSIONS: This task was found to be the main effort by a family to provide appropriate assistance in accordance with the observed health problems and internal family resources considered capable of deciding are expected to determine the right action to overcome the problems.

The differences in roles between individuals in Western factories and in Japanese factories - the ways in which individuals are given responsibility and authority, what rewards are given, and behaviors are rewarded - have a close relationship with the differences between their two cultural backgrounds. Japanese industry has for decades coated the top of a very and once feudal society for several centuries. The loyalty of workers to industrial organization, the paternal style of motivating and paying workers, the deep involvement of the company in all things which were to the eyes of the workers' private affairs - all of these had something in common with Japanese pre-industrial social organization. This equation does not underestimate the massive changes that have taken place in Japan during its industrialization period. Japan has changed enormously; and the changes continue. However, if the study of industrialization in Japan is to be relevant for the study of economic development in other Asian nations, then the nature of the changes that have occurred must be well understood.

Provisions of the wajibah testament to adopted child contained in the Compilation of Islamic Law Article 209 verse 1 and 2 constitute a renewal of Islamic inheritance law in Indonesia, but many legal experts doubt the validity of this provision and assume it does not have a clear legal basic in the form of naṣ (maṣadir al- ahkām), the method of istinbath (qaidah al-ahkām) and the purpose or legal implications (maqaṣid al-ahkam). This study aims to verify the validity of the wajibah testament to adopted child with the siyāsah al-shar'iyyah approach. The results of the study showed that the wajibah testament to the adopted child are legal rules that run based on government policy to resolve the issue of inheritance between heirs or persons who have a close relationship with the heir but is prevented from inheriting. The government is making the wajibah testament for adopted child in KHI as a solution to resolve this problem.

portuguesConsiderando a relevância do amor nas discussoes dentro do campo da filosofia, bem como a importância que Santo Agostinho, ainda hoje, possui dentro dessa disciplina, objetiva-se apresentar neste artigo o conceito e a terminologia do amor agostiniano. Para tanto, procedeu-se a uma metodologia de carater descritiva-explicativa, em vista a apresentar o conceito de amor nos escritos agostinianos e de que modo isso se relaciona com o conceito de vontade. Para a fundamentacao do estudo, foram usados como base teorica textos agostinianos como A Trindade, Confissoes, A Doutrina Crista, A Cidade de Deus e outros; bem como comentadores que sistematizaram a doutrina do amor agostiniano como Gilson (2010), Trape (2018) e Vahl (2018). Desse modo, observou-se que a nocao de amor em Santo Agostinho esta em estreita relacao com o conceito de vontade, sendo esta e o principio de todo o movimento da alma; por sua vez, o amor e o impulso e o peso que move esta mesma vontade. Assim, o amor sera reto e ordenado se levar o homem a desejar o inteligivel, e falso e desordenado na medida em que apetece e se agarra somente ao sensivel, o que permite concluir que a nocao de amor em Santo Agostinho e chave para a compreensao do proprio homem, sendo ele o que define o proprio homem. EnglishConsidering the relevance of love in discussions within the field of philosophy, as well as the importance that Saint Augustine, even today, has within this discipline, the objective is to present in this article the concept and terminology of Augustinian love. To this end, we proceeded with a methodology of a descriptive-explanatory character, in order to present the concept of love in the Augustinian writings and how this is related to the concept of will. To support the study, Augustinian texts such as The Trinity, Confessions, The Christian Doctrine, The City of God and others were used as a theoretical basis; as well as commentators who systematized the doctrine of Augustinian love such as Gilson (2010), Trape (2018) and Vahl (2018). In this way, it was observed that the notion of love in Saint Augustine is in close relationship with the concept of will, this being the principle of the whole movement of the soul; in turn, love is the impulse and the weight that drives this same will. Thus, love will be straight and orderly if it leads man to desire the intelligible, and false and disorderly insofar as he feels like and clings only to the sensitive, which allows us to conclude that the notion of love in Saint Augustine is key to understanding of man himself, which is what defines man himself.

El artículo se ocupa de la última etapa de cine digital del director Jess Franco, figura de relevancia internacional en el terreno de la serie B, en la que experimenta con un cine muy marginal que no obstante se anticipa a cuestiones vigentes del cine de la posmodernidad. Desde Carne fresca (Tender Flesh, 1997) hasta su última película, rodada un año antes de su muerte, Revenge of the Alligator Ladies (2012), Franco explora las posibilidades de la grabación y posproducción en video digital para trazar un discurso que reflexiona sobre su propia obra y sus fuentes literarias, a la vez que renuncia de manera visceral a las convenciones cinematográficas clásicas. El texto se dedica a comparar las tendencias comunes en la historia y el discurso de este grupo de veinte películas con los rasgos que caracterizan el cine de la modernidad y la posmodernidad, como la fragmentación de las historias, el reciclaje de relatos e iconos de la cultura popular, la intertextualidad y la relación estrecha entre los creadores y su público.

The education process in higher education allows new students to feel the pressure of changing the learning process from high school to the lecture process in college. Students with considerable pressure feel the condition of academic stress within themselves. Academic stress can be reduced by increasing student academic resilience, namely increasing student endurance in facing difficulties and pressures in the lecture process. This study aims to describe a journaling counseling model to develop student academic resilience in reducing student academic stress. The research method used is library research which is an activity related to the method of collecting library data, reading and recording and processing research materials. Based on the data found, there is a close relationship between journaling counseling in overcoming academic resilience. This is based on the theories found by the author, so further research needs to be done in order to prove the effectiveness of the theory.

This article approaches the importance of José Calvo González’s contribution to the formation of a Literary Culture of the Law in Brazil. Internationally recognized as one of the main exponents of studies in Law and Literature, with extensive and consistent academic production since the 1990s, Calvo González regularly visited Brazilian institutions, between 2010 and 2019, a period in which he developed several activities and kept very close relationship with some researchers, especially from Rede Brasileira de Direito e Literatura. This article analyzes eight of his lectures, all presented at the International Colloquium on Law and Literature, as well as other relevant scientific activities carried out by him. The relationship between Calvo González and Brazil was quite intense and could be interpreted as a two-way street: on the one hand, his presence and interaction enabled constant dialogue, opening paths that led us to important and innovative projects in terrae brasilis; on the other hand, the expansion and diversity of investigations in Law and Literature in Brazil also were inspirational and encouraging for Calvo González’s own thinking. In conclusion, it is possible to state that Calvo González was certainly one of the greatest characters in the history of Law and Literature in Brazil, like Warat was in the 1980s and 1990s.

Extending research on self-serving double moral standards (hypocrisy), we examine the reverse pattern of other-serving hypercrisy toward close relationship partners. In three studies ( N = 1,019), for various imagined transgressions, people made more lenient moral judgments for their close friends (Studies 1 & 2) and romantic partners (Study 3) compared to themselves. This hypercrisy effect emerged both for transgressions toward third parties (Study 1) and toward each other (i.e., within the relationship; Studies 2 & 3). Moreover, it was moderated by perceptions of the relationship: Participants who more strongly believed their relationship to be a zero-sum game (i.e., needs can only be met competitively) showed greater leniency for themselves and attenuated hypercrisy for mutual transgressions (Studies 2 & 3). Investigating people’s close others rather than strangers as targets of moral judgment thus suggests that other-serving hypercrisy is more prevalent than previously thought, but sensitive to people’s conceptualizations of their relationships.

This research studies the human and symbolic interactions which are developed in the ritual and festive cycle 2017-2018 in communities of the Tiraque-Cochabamba province. Based on the Decolonization approach, it was hypothesized that these interactions could lead to other forms of knowledge in the field of Communication. The goal was to transcend the media understanding of Communication towards an anthropological, social and community area. From the first approaches to the field, it was possible to recognize a close relationship between the members of the communities with the sacred beings of the Andean world. The Saints, Virgins, Wak’as (sacred spaces), councils, etc., constitute the articulating centers of the interactions between the communities and the Andean symbolic world. The Wak’as rise up, come back to life (Wak’a sayarisan) through the ritual practice of interactions. The respect and the relationship that the communities have towards these energies will constitute other ways of seeing the world, other ways of knowing and feeling. This is precisely what this research is about. The objective is to inquire the way in which the interactions, wether human or symbolic, which are developed in a ritual-festive cycle generate other forms of Communication.

ملخص البحث: بفضل الله تعالى، تناولت في هذا البحث جوانب مهمة لرقي النفس البشرية في انفعالاتها وتقلباتها في الحياة، واخترت هذا الموضوع وذلک لأهميته في حياتنا، ولحاجة کل إنسان إلى التعلق بجانب الأمل والنظرة المشرقة وعدم اليأس، مع أهمية ترک الإحباط والرکون إلى الأسى والتعلق بآلام الماضي، وهذا کله يحمله وصف التفاؤل, وتم بحث هذا العنوان من جوانب عديدة، ابتداء من توضيح لتعريف مصطلح التفاؤل، ثم بيان مشروعيته في ديننا وأهميته مع بيان ما يتعلق بالتشاؤم والتطير، وذلک لصلتهما الوثيقة بهذا الموضوع. ورأيت أنه من الأهمية الالتفات إلى وضع ضوابط في قيمة التفاؤل، من جهة الضوابط الشرعية فيه، مع معرفة وتوضيح أقسام التفاؤل، مع ذکر أمثلة على ذلک من آيات القرآن الحکيم, ثم لتوضيح ما يتعلق بعنوان البحث رأيت أن أسوق أمثلة عن التفاؤل في حياة بعض الأنبياء (b)، وهم النموذج الکريم الذي نقتدي به في مسيرتنا الدعوية في الحياة، مع بيان ما وقع عليهم من أمور قاسية، وتعاملات شديدة مع من يخالفهم العقيدة، ومع هذا کانوا في أوضح صور التفاؤل والأمل الکريم بالله سبحانه. کما أوردت جوانبا متعقلة لقيمة التفاؤل من خلال علاقتها الوثيقة مع أسماء الله المبارکة، التي إن تدبر الإنسان معانيها لوجد أنها جميعا تشرق بنور التفاؤل والأمل المبارک الذي يلتمسه کل فرد منا, والله اسأل أن يجعل لهذا البحث القبول والتوفيق. الکلمات المفتاحية: Abstract: With the grace of God Almighty, I dealt with in this research which bore the name: (optimism in the life of the prophets, peace be upon them in the light of the Qur’anic texts), and I chose this topic because of its importance in our lives, and the need for every person to cling to the aspect of hope and a bright outlook and not to have despair and avoid frustration and this all bears a description optimism. This title has been discussed in many aspects, starting with an explanation of the definition of the term optimism, then explaining its legitimacy in our religion and its importance, with an explanation of what is related to pessimism and unpredictability, as they relate to this topic. And I thought that it is important to pay attention to setting controls over the value of optimism, in terms of the legal controls in it, with knowledge and clarification of the sections of optimism, with examples of that from the verses of the wise Qur’an. Then, to clarify what is related to the title of the research, I saw that I cite examples of optimism in the lives of the prophets, and they are the generous model that we follow in our missionary path in life, with the harsh things that happened to them, and severe relations with those who contravene the faith. In the last topic, rational aspects of the value of optimism were mentioned through its close relationship with the blessed names of God, which if a person pondered their meanings would find that they all shine in the light of optimism and blessed hope. And I ask God to grant this research acceptance and success.

O texto faz parte de uma investigação qualitativa biográfico-narrativa que temos em curso, e que se processa mediante a obtenção de testemunhos de professores e investigadores que formam professores com o auxílio das TIC de modo a promover as competências de criatividade, colaboração, cooperação e comunicação, entendidas como essenciais para o desenvolvimento de uma educação integral, promotora da sustentabilidade curricular e da cidadania participativa. Neste artigo, damos conta da experiência de uma professora e investigadora, Cristina Arriaga Sanz, que se dedica à formação de professores no âmbito da Educação Musical no ensino superior espanhol, de que salientaremos a relação estreita com as aportações teóricas que apresentamos e com resultados anteriores obtidos por meio da nossa investigação., The text is part of a qualitative biographical-narrative investigation in process, which proceeds by obtaining testimonies from teachers and researchers who train teachers with the help of ICT to promote the skills of creativity, collaboration, cooperation, and communication, understood as essential for the development of comprehensive education, promoting curricular sustainability and participatory citizenship. In this article, we report on the experience of a teacher and researcher, Cristina Arriaga Sanz, who dedicates her labor to teacher training in the field of Musical education in Spanish Higher Education, of which we will emphasize the close relationship of its contents with the theoretical contributions we present and with previous results obtained through our investigation.

This research is aimed at analyzing the intimate language style used by the characters in The Notebook movie. In this research, the characteristics of the intimate language style used by the characters and the factors that influence these figures using intimate language styles in the movie would be revealed. The researchers apply a descriptive qualitative design. The research data are in the forms of film transcripts. The main theory used in this research is the theory proposed by Martin Joos. The results show that the researchers find 22 intimate language style utterances. In detail, the 22 intimate language style utterances include Addresse with 6 data, Extraction with 4 data, Jargon 3 data, Close relationship with 5 data, and Family relationship with 4 data. In addition, it is also found that there are four social factors that influence the characters to use intimate language styles. The first factor is the participants. The film's participants have very close relationships such as Family members or Close friends. The second factor is topic. The topics discussed in this film are privacy and love. The third factor is setting. Conversations in the film are often completed in several informal and private places such as beaches, houses and so on. The fourth factor is function. The speech functions produced by these characters vary; however, most of them have the same aim; that is to convey or show their intimacy to each other.

Resumen: En este artículo se muestra la estrecha relación que en los años 30 y 40 del siglo XX se estableció entre el cómic y el serial cinematográfico. Se explora la importancia del cómic tanto a nivel cuantitativo, con la gran producción de películas seriales basadas en cómics, como cualitativo, con la interrelación que se produjo a nivel narrativo entre el modelo de serialidad infinita de las tiras de prensa y el modelo narrativo de los seriales. Se produjo una relación intermedial a nivel industrial que fue fundamental a la hora del desarrollo de los seriales y que tiene muchos paralelismos con el modelo de franquicias que domina el panorama audiovisual en nuestros días. Abstract: This paper shows the close relationship that was established between the comic and the movie serials in the 1930s and 1940s. The importance of comics is explored both quantitatively, with the great production of serial films based on comics, and qualitatively with the interrelation that occurred at a narrative level between the open ended narrative model of the comic strips and the narrative model of the serials. There was an intermedia relationship at the industrial level that was essential when it came to developing the serials and that has many parallels with the franchise model that dominates the audiovisual scene today.

O objetivo deste artigo é o de apresentar algumas posições filosóficas, que dialogam com diferentes áreas do conhecimento, e que nos auxiliam a dar um passo a mais na compreensão da relação entre razão e emoção. Em primeiro lugar, apresentamos a ideia dos marcadores somáticos, de Damasio, que elucida o papel dos afetos no desenvolvimento do pensamento racional. Em segundo lugar, observamos que indivíduos psicopatas apresentam uma capacidade reduzida em diferentes esferas da vida, com evidente diminuição na capacidade de ligar sentimentos negativos a normas morais, o que leva a um comportamento moral inadequado e interfere na capacidade deliberativa. Por fim, apresentamos a teoria de Shaun Nichols acerca da Affective Resonance: normas que possuem respaldo afetivo (principalmente negativo) possuem vantagens de transmissão cultural, em detrimento de normas afetivamente neutras. Estes estudos comprovam a importância dos afetos para o pensamento racional e para a manutenção e propagação de normas e regras morais. A ideia principal aqui defendida é a de que há uma estreita relação entre razão e emoção. Ao elucidar esta relação, podemos aprofundar os estudos sobre a condição humana, em especial a razão e a moral.

Photography is the use of view frames to leave a moment of beauty; art is to show the beauty of things on the canvas. Both reflect beauty, bearing the artistic beauty of things, they have a very close relationship. Photography and painting need to be carefully observed from the object of expression, and then from the composition, color, lighting and other aspects to express the main body. This is not only a skill, but also requires the author to have his own unique ideas, thinking and unique vision, so as to use the author's "window of the mind" to find something special to resonate with the viewer.

Introduction. Accelerating technological development is a driving force of innovative entrepreneurship inall areas. Young and creative people offer to the market their non-standard solutions in the form of startupprojects. Currently, the development of a startup ecosystem reflects country’s interest in and promotion of newtechnologies.Problem Statement. The efficiency of transport and logistics activities reflects the development of the infrastructure of a country as a whole and significantly affects the efficiency of economic activities. The development and implementation of logistics startups, given the experience of advanced economies, may help find solutions to certain problems of industry and its further development.Purpose. The purpose is to analyze the market of logistics startups of the EU Member States and Ukraine, todetermine the directions of its further development.Materials and Methods. In the research, general and special methods have been used: analysis and synthesisfor determining the sectoral structure of formation and development of startups in the EU and Ukraine; correlation analysis for establishing the dependence between the indicators of development of startup ecosystems and indices of logistic activity of countries, grouping for distributing logistic startups of the EU and Ukraine countries by clusters; graphical method for designing a roadmap for logistics startup development.Results. The current sectoral structure of the EU and Ukrainian startups has been researched, the share oftransport and logistics projects has been determined. The EU and Ukraine rankings in terms of the indicators of the development of startup ecosystems and logistic activity have been analyzed. The correlation analysis has shown a sufficiently close relationship between countries' ratings of startup ecosystems and logistics activity. The mainlogistics startups of the EU and Ukrainian countries are grouped in certain clusters of logistics startups. A roadmap for the development of logistics and transport startups for the EU and Ukraine has been proposed.Conclusions. To date, logistics startups are not among the priorities for the market development in the EU and Ukraine. However, logistical activity in the country may be not only one of the areas where startups are developed, but also a part to the infrastructure of the startup ecosystem. Both the EU Member States and Ukraine are expected to develop startups in high-tech clusters in the future.

The purpose of the study is to study the relationship between the level of human capital and innovative development in various countries of the world in the context of the transition to the sixth technological order. When studying the relationship between human capital and innovation development, the authors formulated a hypothesis about a significant difference in the sensitivity and impact of innovation on the level of human capital for different groups of countries. To test the hypothesis, the authors used analytical, statistical, and correlation-regression analysis methods. The combination of these methods allowed us to record a different degree of relationship between the level of human capital and GDP, human capital and innovation, innovation and GDP of Russia. According to this analysis, in Russia there is a close relationship between the level of human capital and GDP, a less close relationship between innovation and human capital, and a very weak relationship between innovation and GDP. The current situation for Russia in the context of changing technological patterns requires special attention from state institutions to solve this problem. For the purpose of innovative development of Russia, the authors proposed measures for six major areas. The results obtained can be used to justify proposals and measures to regulate innovation processes, taking into account the priority of national interests of scientific, technological and economic development of the country.

The article identifies the peculiarities of the formation of moral and ethical concepts of students in extracurricular activities. In particular, positive influence of means of Ukrainian folk pedagogy on the education of moral qualities of students is revealed. Folk-pedagogical methods of stimulation, encouragement, motivation of children, and correction of their behavior are outlined. The process of formation and development of desirable moral qualities in children takes place in a close relationship between learning and education, as it is impossible, in the educational process to aim at the formation of some moral and ethical values, and in extracurricular educational work – others. The effectiveness of the process of moral and ethical education of children largely depends on the purpose and those educational tasks set by the teacher (educator), pedagogical tools and forms of organization of the pedagogical process, the principles of systematic and pedagogical cooperation of school and family in solving this problem. It proved to be a great loss to neglect the achievements of folk pedagogy, especially when it comes to raising the level of morality of schoolchildren. Two directions: cognitive and applied are carried out in the process of formation of moral and ethical concepts of education of students in extracurricular educational work, as well as in educational activities. This means that students, in addition to mastering and deepening theoretical knowledge, have opportunities for their practical application.

الحجاج موضوع مهم يحضر في مقاربات لخطابات متنوعة علمية وإنسانية وثقافية؛ لاستناده على العقل، واعتماده مبادئ الحوار والتواصل والإقناع والتأثير. وعلاقة السرد بالحجاج علاقة وثيقة؛ إذ لا تکاد تخلو النصوص السردية سواء کانت روايات أو قصصا أو حکايات من الأسلوب الحجاجي الذي يبدو ظاهرا بوضوح بوصفه وسيلة تستخدمها الشخصيات للدفاع عن قضيتها، أو تبرير سلوکها، أو لغرض الإقناع أو غير ذلک. ومن هنا، کان الاهتمام بالبحث عن وسائل إقناعية وتقنيات حجاجية في الخطابات التي تصدر عن الأدباء في أعمالهم الأدبية، ومن بين هؤلاء الأدباء الأديب السعودي غازي القصيبي. يرکز البحث على دراسة واحدة من الآليات التي اعتمدها الکاتب في البنية الحکائية لرواية (العصفورية) التي يمکن أن تحقق هذا الهدف، وهي(الجنون) إذ يتناول حجاجية خطاب الجنون في الرواية، وأثره في البنية الحکائية ومضمونها، لتضمنه عناصر حجاجية متنوعة؛ مما يخرجه من مفهوم الجنون بدلالاته التقليدية إلى أن يکون خطاب العقل، ووسيلة للبوح وحرية الرأي. ومن هنا، ينطلق البحث للإجابة عن سؤال مرکزي: کيف يمکن أن يکون خطاب الجنون خطابا عقليا بالاستناد على بنيته الحجاجية؟ Abstract This research aims to show the influence of Latin literature on English Argumentation is an important subject that is present in various approaches to scientific, humanitarian and cultural discourses. This is not only because it relies on reason, but also since it adopts the principles of dialogue, communication, persuasion and influence. There is a close relationship between narratives and argumentation. Narrative texts, whether they are novels, stories or tales, are hardly devoid of argumentative methods, which appears clearly as a means used by the characters to defend their cause, justify their behavior, or for the purpose of persuasion or otherwise. Hence, the interest in researching persuasive means and argumentative techniques in the discourses produced by writers in their literary works, and among them is the Saudi writer Ghazi Al-Qusaibi. This research focuses on studying one of the mechanisms adopted by the author in the narrative structure of his novel (Al-Asfooria), namely madness, which may achieve this goal. It tackles the argumentation of the discourse of madness in the novel, and its effect on the narrative structure and its content, since it includes various argumentative elements. Which distance it frim the concept of madness in the traditional sense, to be a discourse of reason, and a means of revelation and freedom of opinion. Hence, the research commence to answer a central question: How can the discourse of madness be a rational discourse based on its argumentative structure?

The Second Language (L2) research has presented vast curiosity to learners and their judgments on L2. The numerous directions of learner-focus study, however, have not been sufficient to emphasize the learning experiences of learners in relation to their social and economic context, particularly in third world countries. This research explores the perspectives and experiences of school learners in second language learning in the peripheries of Bangladesh. In addition, this research demonstrates how socio-economic drawbacks of students’ family affect their English subject scores in secondary school certificate examination. Educational background of parents also contributes to achieve the better scores in L2. A close relationship is found between learners’ family education, parents’ occupation, and family income and their achieved scores in English in board examination.

Changes in space and time also have an impact on changing patterns, approaches, methodologies, and characteristics of dakwah. Therefore da'wah can be situational and contextual according to the space and time that surrounds it. The understanding of a da'i in understanding Islamic da'wah comprehensively will give rise to a perspective in which the approach, dimensions and dynamics that must be prepared and what kind of model will be used in da'wah activities will determine the success of the da'wah activity. Kiai Ahmad Fauzan is one of the scholars who can be said to be visionary. Due to in-depth reading in terms of conditions, situations, and abilities, finally Kiai Ahmad Fauzan, besides using a cultural approach, also uses a structural approach. The structural approach was used as a method of da'wah which was fairly effective for him. Because, from the use of the structural da'wah method, Kiai Ahmad Fauzan can make it easier to coordinate, regulate, and ratify the rules that should apply or not. The methods of proselytizing Kiai Ahmad Fauzan found in this study are methods of political da'wah and methods of proselytizing education. This research uses descriptive-qualitative research with historical analysis in the form of "oral or spoken" from historians and people who have a close relationship with the subject or object under study.

The modern processes of globalization are manifested in the transformation of society with traditional views into full-fledged consumer societies of the modern type. Cultural production and consumption increasingly fit into industrial boundaries, and cultural goods consumed are seen as goods. A cultural product can be created both in culture and art, and in science. The modern methodology provides for a close relationship between economic and cultural approaches: the economy manifests itself in culture, and culture in the economy. When considering the existing variety of concepts in the study of a cultural product, a problem is revealed that consists in the fact that its essential properties are ignored, and the process of production itself is not analyzed. The reason for the insufficiency is the extreme diversity of cultural products, their constant change, the temporary nature of existence.

Pesantren Tegalsari Ponorogo that was born in the early 18th century is considered to have an important role in the history of Islam in Nusantara. This Pesantren is even believed as the first boarding institution and was born in 1742. This article examines historically the forerunner and the early development of Pesantren Tegalsari. Then, the role of students and descendants of kiai. By using the method of historical research and data mining to written documents, interviews, and observations, it is concluded that Pesantren Tegalsari has a close relationship with the elite in the past such as the Wali Songo and the King of Majapahit. In addition, through the students and descendants of kiai, these schools also have a major role in society, both in the propagation of Islam as well as in politics.

Parents with ADHD are known to struggle with various aspects of their role. Young adulthood is a significant developmental period marked by transition and new parental needs, however there is a dearth of studies on ADHD parenting specific to this age group. In this qualitative study, we explored how young adults aged 18 to 25 perceived the quality of their relationship with their ADHD parent. Four participants engaged in semi-structured interviews regarding the relationship with their parent and perceived strengths and difficulties. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, four themes were identified. These include: (1) Close Relationship and Quality Time; (2) Empathy as a Parental Strength; (3) The Chaos; (4) Lessons Learnt. Findings highlight the unique characteristics of ADHD parenting and implications for clinical practice are discussed.

Purpose: This study aims to describe and analyze community participation in the Village Fund for Development Program in Kletek Village, Center Malaka District, Malaka Regency. Research Methodology: This research is a qualitative research. The informants who were selected purposively were 21 people. Finding: The findings of this study are that in making decisions, the residents of the Kletek village have never heard or attended the Development Plan Deliberation at the Neighborhood Association and hamlet levels. Meanwhile, at the implementation stage it was found that the community did not participate in making contributions and considered that everything had been funded by the state, in taking the benefits of development it was still deemed inappropriate because the assistance provided was not timely and for agricultural equipment it was only given to residents who were close relationship with the village head, and in the evaluation stage it is felt that it is lacking because so far there has been no published information about the use of village funds so that many wrong thoughts emerge from the Kletek villagers. Limitations: This research only describes and analyzes Community Participation in the Village Fund Program for Development in Kletek Village, Malaka Tengah District, Malacca Regency. Findings may differ in other areas. Contribution: This research becomes scientific information for public administration science. Keywords: Participation, Decision Making, Implementation, Use and Evaluation.

The article reveals the essence of the concepts of "emotional intelligence" and "creativity", reflects the re-lationship between the categories studied in the works of J. Guilford, P. Torrens, Y. Wexler, A. Maslow and E. de Bono. The analysis of the definitions of "emotional intelligence" and "creativity" was accomplished. J. Guilford's experience in the influence of ways and circumstances of thinking on the formation of an employee's creative skills is studied and structured. A model in the form of a cube is proposed, in which the coordinate axes act as materials, operations and results. The research of P. Thorens is actualized, in which the main factor of formation and revealing of creativity are the factors of unfavorable external environment. The relevance of E. de Bono's statement about the formation of crea-tivity as an integral characteristic of existing physical and intellectual abilities, as well as behavioral characteristics of individuals is noted. R. Sternberg's driving forces and obstacles to the development of creative abilities are described. It is revealed which competencies of emotional intelligence will lead to the development of creative thinking according to D. Goleman. A high level of correlation of predispositions and abilities of individuals with a high emotional intelligence and creativity was revealed. The ways of development of the empathic component of emotional intelligence are defined. The concept of the organization of an innovative direction taking into account the purposes and levers of development is proposed. It is concluded that the concept of creativity captures a set of features of psychics and intelligence that provide productive transformations in the individual’s activities, developing, connecting with his leading motives and manifesting itselves as the abilities to productive changes. Identifying the close relationship between emotional intelli-gence and creativity will allow the HR manager to select the most optimal staff in terms of integral features.

Turkey is one of the main regional powers in the Middle East, a member of OECD and NATO, a quasi-member of the European Union (EU), and an Islamic Turkic-speaking country with a close relationship ...

On the base of the different historical sources (chronicles, acts and household books of the Russian monasteries) the author examines the biography of the confessor of Ivan IV Theodosius of Vyatka. In the works of predecessors (A.A. Zimin, R.G. Skrynnikov, B.N. Florya) only some facts of his biography were mentioned. The study shows that Theodosius had no connections with influential groups in the Russian Church of the period. The historical sources have nothing to say on his close contacts with the Joseph Volokolamsk Monastery, the Kirillo-Belozerskii Monastery, Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius (until he became the abbot of the last one). Before his acquaintance with the tsar, Theodosius worked his way from monk to elder monk to abbot. In the second half of 1566 – first half of 1567 he became the head of a significant Moscow monastery — the Andronikov Monastery of the Saviour. No later than in autumn 1567, Theodosius became acquainted with the tsar. During the tsar’s conflict with metropolitan Phillip (Kolychev), Theodosius was included in the commission that investigated Phillip’s activities at the Solovetsky Monastery (along with prince V.I. Temkin-Rostovsky and bishop of Suzdal Paphnutius). The materials gathered by the commission were used at the Church Council in the autumn of 1568. As a result, Phillip was condemned and displaced. Soon afterwards, Theodosius became archimandrite of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius (about 1569/70-1572). Quite close relationship was established between him and the tsar. Because of that Theodosius – a representative of the black clergy – became the confessor of Ivan IV in about 1572. (At the time it was the lot of the white clergy representatives, usually protopopes of the Kremlin Annunciation Cathedral.) Wishing to see Theodosius as his confessor, the tsar had broken from this tradition and reestablished the practice of an earlier time (the confessors of Vasily II and Ivan III were the abbots of the monasteries of Moscow and the Moscow region). Being the closest person to the tsar, Theodosius knew the desires of his penitent and followed the eye of the tsar. When at the turn of the 1570s the tsar showed an interest in Vologda, fitting out a reserve residence there, Theodosius made donations for requiems for the soul of Josef, the bishop of Vologda, and to the Spaso-Kamenny and the Spaso-Prilutsky Monasteries. Till tsar’s death, Theodosius remained very close to Ivan IV. The tsar didn’t want to be parted from him. Thereby Theodosius headed no diocese in that period, as it meant leaving the capital. After the death of Ivan IV, he was consecrated as bishop of Ryazan, probably, in October of 1585.

The role of learning resource centers in supporting the educationalprocess in the Arab world: a scientific review.The review of intellectual production aimed at researching the intellectualproduction published on the topic "The role of learning resource centers insupporting the educational process in the Arab world." This review presented themost important findings of intellectual production at the Arab and internationallevel on the topic in the electronic or printed form. To clarify the total and partialrelationship of the studies he reviews, and to treat each study a new idea, worthyof reading and review, and having a close relationship with the research topic.The most important results of this review were: Insufficient resources and financial allocations to transform libraries intoresource centers for learning, and the lack of representation of libraries inplanning committees and major forums to support them and turn them intoa resource center for learning. The strongest justification for changing the name of school libraries intolearning resource centers is the process of integrating school libraries witheducational aids, given that both information sources and educational aidsare sources of learning, and the factors that lead to increasing theeffectiveness of the learning resource center are the most important ofwhich are: qualified workers, the appropriate building and materialfacilities, and the budget Of the center, and the availability of informationsources of all kinds and forms. Librarians face many obstacles due to the lack of a job description that fitstheir work in the LRC, which results in the absence of qualified staff as aspecialist in LRC.

Virtual reality has great potential for immersive experiences that is not available in other mediums. Thus, it has a significant place in the entertainment and the game industry. However, creating a well-designed immersive experience can be extremely complicated due to the replacement of human perception from the real-world to an isolated virtual world. Understanding the essentials of virtual reality (VR) experiences and game design principles is necessary for designing an immersive VR game. Although there are many differences in design elements of VR games according to the experience that is wanted to be given to the player, many games also have common elements. In the line of this view, a guideline is aimed to be framed for VR game designers in the current study. For this purpose design pillars of VR experiences and game design principles were reviewed, and five VR games were analyzed. Games are highly plastic mediums that can be adapted to any environment and technology. Many game types have a close relationship in terms of game elements and design. However, the implementation of game elements from other mediums to the VR medium is challenging. Therefore, game design principles should be well-comprehended and implemented to the VR medium by considering the existed technology. Virtual reality takes the player and put him in a new virtual world. In this world, everything should be designed to be easily perceivable by the player. Thus, the human perception was reviewed as one of the design pillars. Virtual reality also offers an interactive experience that allows the user to affect the world. Like in traditional video games, players can interact and navigate in the virtual world. Therefore, interaction and navigation were reviewed as two other design pillars. Based on the reviewed design pillars, five VR games were analyzed. Then, a VR game design guideline is proposed based on common game design elements in those games

Fear of God are hates evil; hates pride, hates conceit, hates evil conduct, and hates guile-filled mouths. In the fear of God is also a sign of the quality and morality of a person who can be accountable for his life before God and shows a view of life that contains human proper attitudes that are always shown in everyday life because of his good and close relationship with God. The purpose of this study was to describe the meaning of fearing God according to Proverbs 8:13 in the GPdI "Filadelfia" congregation in Oepaleo Kupang. This article is a qualitative research with an evaluation approach, the data is processed and analyzed using descriptive statistics. From the results of the percentage of the five indicators that the researcher included in this study, the average percentage value was in the high criteria, namely 61.81%. In other words, the congregation at GPdI "Filadelfia" Oepaleo Kupang already understands the meaning of fearing God, but it needs to be improved.

Housewives regularly lead their lives without social security. Optinional insurance offers an opportunity forhousewives to open the way to retirement without actually working in the market. Very few women who take part in theworking population in Turkey makes voluntary insurance important. However, despite the population growing high since2008, the number of insured under the voluntary insurance in Turkey is growing low. In this descriptive study, based on thestatistical data of the insurances published by the Social Security Institution every year, the data obtained from the tablebetween the number of voluntary security and the number of insured persons from 2007 until now is interpreted. As aresult, it has been argued that there is a close relationship between the decline in the number of optional insurance and theretirement conditions regulated by Law No. 5510, which entered into force in 2008., Ev kadınları çoğu zaman sosyal güvenceden yoksun şekilde hayatlarını idame etmektedir. İsteğe bağlı sigortalılıkpiyasada fiilen çalışmadan emeklilik yolunu açması bakımından ev kadınları için bir imkân sunmaktadır. Türkiye’de çalışannüfus içinde kadının çok az yer alması isteğe bağlı sigortalılığı önemli kılmaktadır. Halbuki Türkiye’de isteğe bağlıkapsamındaki sigortalı sayısı, nüfus artışına rağmen, 2008’den itibaren düzenli bir düşüş eğilimindedir. Bu çalışma, sözkonusu durumu tespit ederek, buna yol açan nedenler üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu betimsel çalışmada Sosyal GüvenlikKurumunun her yıl yayınladığı sigortalılara dair istatistiki verilerden hareketle isteğe bağlı sayısı ile sigortalı sayısı arasında2007 yılından günümüze kadar geçen sürede ortaya çıkan tablodan elde edilen veriler yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak isteğebağlı sigorta sayısındaki azalmayla, 2008 yılında yürürlüğe giren 5510 sayılı kanunla düzenlenen emeklilik şartları arasındayakın ilişki bulunduğu savunulmuştur.

Emotional disorders, mainly manifested in depression and anxiety, are challenges that affect a person's feelings, thoughts, and behaviour. In children, different efforts have existed to prevent emotional disorders that, depending on the case, can occur at different stages of academic development. Nevertheless, these attempts have proven to be ineffective among elementary education students. Since most children spend a large part of their time in schools, various authors argue that academic institutions are the prime location for detecting mental disorders as early as possible, in order to effectively guide students to adequate health services. However, are our teachers prepared for it? Are our academic institutions prepared for it? The close relationship between mental health and the process of learning in schools, justifies investigating that may reveal a real, emergent and unattended problem. These results might raise awareness in the academic society about a topic that should be considered at the moment of planning classes. This paper intends to justify further research on the preparation of teachers to deal adequately with students with mental disorders. In order to do so, it has been gathered different theories that show a problem that needs to be addressed. Besides, interviews applied to professors from elementary levels of Chilean schools included in this work, support this theory.

Este artículo estudia la estrecha relación entre la poesía de José Agustín Goytisolo y la canción, lo que conduce a la identi"cación práctica de ambos conceptosen su obra. Por otra parte, se enfoca la atención en los aspectos intertextuales que se aprecian entre la obra goytisoliana y la canción tradicional y popular.

El presente trabajo pretende demostrar la noción del λαθε βιωσας como base filosófica del tetrafármaco de Epicuro. Para ello, se hará una revisión de los precedentes históricos de Grecia y las confluencias político-religiosas del período helenístico. Se argumenta que el λαθε βιωσας no necesariamente es una reacción contra la política alejandrina, sino que versa contra todas las corrientes de superstición y falsas opiniones (recordando que Epicuro también hizo crítica a los mitos). Luego, se demostrará una posible interpretación del λαθε βιωσας en estrecha relación con el tetrafármaco de Epicuro como base del ejercicio terapéutico, de mutua ayuda y distanciamiento de las falsas opiniones. El λαθε βιωσας implicó un espacio determinado, el Jardín (κῆπος), para la práctica de las máximas de realización de una vida ataráxica y aponística.

On first examination, “muscular Christianity”—with its emphasis on manly vigor and physical strength—positions itself well afield of Christian Science teachings on the non-physical basis of existence, as propounded by founder Mary Baker Eddy. Nonetheless, both movements arose in the nineteenth century with a deep commitment to revitalizing Christianity and its practical value in an increasingly scientific and secular age, especially regarding bodily well-being. Both Eddy and advocates of muscular Christianity defended their respective systems on scientific and religious grounds, focusing on questions of health. At a time when the Young Men's Christian Association was a leading exponent of muscular Christianity, Eddy saw fit to give it significant philanthropic support. While her gift reflected civic goodwill as opposed to a close relationship with the Association, I argue that it was not anomalous to Eddy's overall values and vision for Christian Science. Like muscular Christians, Eddy was calling for a progressive Christianity that met the criteria of a pragmatic age. In giving attention to issues around manhood, Eddy was signaling the necessity as well as potentiality of Christian spirituality to be a source of health and empowerment for modern man.

Background The adoption of innovative nonthermal processing as alternatives to conventional heating techniques in the food industry is mainly relied on their tremendous potential to simultaneously achieve preservation purposes and the maintenance of fresh-like characteristics and health benefits of final products. With increasing evaluation for the applicability of nonthermal processing, there remains, however, a great challenge for keeping the balance between the efficiency of microbial/enzymatic inactivation and the maintenance of sensory and nutritional characteristics. Accordingly, a timely summarization and elucidation of the response pattern and mechanism of related quality parameters under nonthermal conditions is of great importance. Scope and approach In this review, the nonthermal effects of high pressure processing (HPP) on volatilome evolution are discussed, considering its close relationship with food flavor quality. It starts with elucidating the pressurization principles linked to volatilome evolution. Then, the general volatile fingerprinting features responding to HPP in major food items are summarized, followed by the analysis of the response mechanisms behind. Finally, the potential of innovative applications based on HPP-induced volatilome evolution is discussed. Key findings and conclusions A critical examination of newly updated findings has suggested the non-negligible spatiotemporal HPP effects on the headspace volatile fingerprinting and flavor perception of pressurized foods. HPP-induced volatilome evolution results from the biochemical, physical, and chemical as well as metabolic effects of high pressure, and specific mechanisms depend on the features and manufacturing crafts of sample matrices, process variables and processing patterns. HPP shows its great potential as an aroma modification and flavor-tailoring technique, based on a comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic and quantitative relationship between volatilome evolution and process parameters.

The success that the Dictz moraulx pour faire tapisserie enjoyed in their time is testified by the 10 manuscripts, all copied at the hinge between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, which transmitted them to us. Five of them (Paris, BnF, 24461, Paris, Bibliotheque de l’Arsenal, 5066, Chantilly, Musee Conde, 509, Paris, BnF, fr. 2366, Londres, BL, Stowe 955) are enriched with images illustrating the various poems. The Dictz moraulx was published in 1959 by Annette Scoumanne, who however did not take into account the three illustrated manuscripts. Much remains to be said about the close relationship between text and image in the transmission of these poems. By confronting the tradition of the illustrated Dictz with that of the manuscripts that transmit the Baude pieces without images, I brought to my attention the correspondences and differences that exist between the drawings of decorated copies and the rubrics which describe the content of the poems in the non illuminated manuscripts. The recent identification of a tapestry inspired by five verses from the work of our author – La Pirouette (Paris, Museum of Cluny, early sixteenth century) – proves that Henri Baude’s Dictz moraulx were actuallly intended to accompany, or at least inspire, iconographic representations on cloth.

The article is an attempt to describe the economic history of the Lublin region perceived through the prism of agriculture in the late period of the Polish state and, above all, during the Austrian Partition (1795-1809). The issues discussed here, preceded by the introductory outline of a broader context, focus on matters related to the economic condition of the village and manor at that time. In addition to the necessary components for crop production and livestock farming, the text also includes issues focused on legal position, social and state characteristics, and the close relationship between the worlds of a peasant cottage and a noble court. The chronological-problem article is synthetic. I hope that in this form the article may contribute to comparative research taking into account both Galicia (Old and New) and other partitions at the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It should also be a source of easily accessible knowledge, which the author addresses to a wider group of readers. Artykuł stanowi próbę opisu dziejów gospodarczych Lubelszczyzny postrzeganych przez pryzmat rolnictwa w schyłkowym okresie państwa polskiego i przede wszystkim w epoce zaboru austriackiego (1795-1809). Poruszana w tekście problematyka, poprzedzona rysującym szerszy kontekst polityczny Wprowadzeniem, koncentruje się wokół spraw związanych z kondycją gospodarczą ówczesnej wsi i dworu. Poza niezbędnymi komponentami dotyczącymi produkcji roślinnej i hodowli żywego inwentarza, w narracji uwzględniono także zagadnienia odnoszące się do położenia prawnego, charakterystyki społecznej i stanowej oraz ścisłych zależności między światami chłopskiej chałupy i szlacheckiego dworu. Artykuł o układzie chronologiczno-problemowym ma charakter syntetyczny zwieńczony zwięzłym Zakończeniem. Mam nadzieję, że w takiej postaci może on stanowić przyczynek do badań porównawczych uwzględniających obie Galicje (Starą i Nową) oraz pozostałe zabory na przełomie XVIII i XIX w. Poniższy tekst można też traktować jako źródło przystępnie podanej wiedzy, którą autor adresuje do szerszego grona Czytelników.

Little has been discussed in academia about the close relationship between the Renaissance of the 16th century and melancholy humor, and esoteric elements arising mainly from Florentine Neoplatonism. The link between melancholy and esotericism becomes very clear when we analyze the gravure “Melencolia I” by Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528), composed of a significant number of symbols that refer to an esoteric religious culture that then emerged. Renaissance melancholy gained several nuances. On the one hand, it was considered a sin, a despicable mood characteristic of witches; on the other hand, a deep sense of inspiration typical of men of “genius”. This ambivalence also occurred in the firmament, as the melancholic people were guided by the dark planet Saturn, according to astrological belief. We also have the cultural scenario of the 16th century, especially in Dürer's Germany, which contributed to strengthening the melancholy issues.

Nowadays, the close relationship between adolescents and music is a fact reinforced by new technology. Music, in general, reflects values and attitudes in society and serves different purposes in life, however the crisis of values is a constant threat that may be eased by using music as a tool to engage with young people and reinforced ethical values. This work aimed at assessing perceptions of explicit content in pop music by 16-year-old adolescents by means of a questionnaire with a series of short-open questions. The results confirmed a relaxed attitude towards current social values but yet a robust self-claimed personality in young people.