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Aluminum oxynitride (AlON) ceramics doped with different sintering aids were synthesized by spark plasma sintering process. The microstructures, mechanical, and optical properties of the ceramics were investigated. The results indicate that the optimal amount of sintering aids is 0.06 wt% La2O3 + 0.16 wt% Y2O3 + 0.30 wt% MgO. The addition of La3+ and Mg2+ decreases the rate of grain boundary migration in ceramics, promotes pore elimination, and inhibits grain growth. The addition of Y3+ facilitates liquid‐phase sintering of AlON ceramics. Moreover, the addition of Mg2+ effectively promotes twin formation in the ceramics, which hinders crack propagation and dislocation motion when the ceramics are loaded. Hence, the AlON ceramic doped with 0.06 wt% La2O3 + 0.16 wt% Y2O3 + 0.30 wt% MgO exhibits a relative density of 99.95%, an average grain size of 9.42 μm, and a twin boundary content of 10.3%, which contributes to its excellent mechanical and optical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties under different temperature of as-cast Al-La alloys with varying La contents were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and tensile test (Gleeble 3500). The results revealed that the phase compositions of Al-xLa (x = 10, 15, 20) alloys were α-Al and Al 11 La 3 . Comparing with Al-10La, the mechanical properties of Al-15La and Al-20La were deteriorated due to the formation of strip-shaped and particle-shaped primary Al 11 La 3 phase respectively. The influence of Al 11 La 3 phase on tensile strength has a downward trend with the increasing temperature, and elevated temperature is more helpful to increase the plasticity of Al-La alloys with high La content. According to the tensile fracture of the three Al-La alloys at temperature range from 200 °C to 500 °C, Al-10La tended to be highly dimples driven, and dimples became larger and deeper with increasing temperature, which demonstrated a growing ability to avoid crack extension. There was a transformation from cleavages to dimples in Al-15La and Al-20La with increasing temperature, but the dimples were small and shallow indicating lower plasticity than Al-10La. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, 3.5 vol% TiB/Ti6Al4V composites with aligned TiB whiskers are synthesized by spark plasma sintering-hot extrusion (SPSHE). The effects of deformation temperature and deformation amount on the microstructure evolution and tensile properties are systematically investigated in composites. The results suggest that the dispersion of TiB whiskers is gradually improved with the deformation increasing from 30%, 50%–70%. TiB whiskers obtain a highly consistent orientation as the composite is deformed by 70%. The multiplication of more dislocations induced by TiB whiskers provides the driving force for dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization of the composite during SPSHE. In addition, the matrix microstructure of the composite is composed of α phase, β phase and interface L phase. The interface L phase decreases the mean free path of dislocation slip and improves the strength of the composite manipulated by SPSHE. The tensile strength (1294 ± 20 MPa) and elongation (5.0% ± 0.5%) of the composite with a deformation amount of 70% at 950 °C are well combined. According to the analysis results of the microstructure and fracture, the strengthening mechanism of the composite is the TiB load transfer strengthening effect and the matrix strengthening effects including interface L phase strengthening, fine grain strengthening, substructure strengthening and texture strengthening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]