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Colored solar panels, realized by depositing various reflection layers or structures, are emerging as power sources for building with visual aesthetics. However, these panels suffer from reduced photocurrent generation due to the less efficient light harvesting from visible light reflection and degraded power conversion efficiency (PCE). Here, color-patterned silicon heterojunction solar cells are achieved by incorporating luminescent quantum dots (QDs) with high quantum yields as light converters to realize an asthenic appearance with high PCE. It is found that large bandgap (blue) QD layers can convert UV light into visible light, which can notably alleviate the parasitic absorption by the front indium tin oxide and doped amorphous silicon. Additionally, a universal optical path model is proposed to understand the light transmission process, which is suitable for luminescent down-shift devices. In this study, solar cells with a PCE exceeding 23.5% are achieved using the combination of a blue QD layer and a top low refractive index anti-reflection layer. Based on our best knoledge,the obtained PCE is the highest for a color-patterned solar cell. The results suggest an enhanced strategy involving incorporation of luminescent QDs with an optical path design for high-performance photovoltaic panels with visual aesthetics.

High-precision orbits are essential for low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite applications. Instead of determinating orbit by the ground monitoring stations, LEO missions are trending to incorporate spaceborne global positioning system receivers for autonomous navigation. Focusing on this issue, we propose a method of real-time orbit determination based on ionosphere combination observation of dual-frequency data using adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF). The traditional Kalman filter heavily relies on the initial values of measurement and process noise covariance matrix. However, the environment of the satellite is time-variant, and it is hard to keep the error covariance matrix in the optimal condition all the time. To overcome this disadvantage, the Sage–Husa Kalman filter is introduced. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with the conventional EKF, and the results show that the proposed method can guarantee the precision and stability of orbit determination. With the proposed algorithms, we developed a software to solve the orbit suitable for one-day Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observations. The obtained results show that the accuracy of orbit determination error is improved with unknown Kalman process noise compared with traditional method. Additionally, the performances of AEKF for different gravity field models are analyzed and compared.

Bi 2 S 3 nanoparticles (NPs) in the form of thin films were deposited on fluorine doped SnO 2 (FTO) coated conducting glass substrates by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) at room temperature without annealing. The absorption coefficient could reach to the order of 10 6 cm −1 in the visible and NIR region, and the highest one was 5 × 10 6 cm −1 . The highest photocurrent density of the synthesized Bi 2 S 3 thin films (TFs) could maintain 0.8 mA/cm 2 within 700 s under the light intensity kept at 30 mW/cm 2 . The photocurrent density is among the highest reported for any Bi 2 S 3 photoelectrode without annealing to date. The photocurrent display little decrease during 4000 s of testing under illumination. The n-type Bi 2 S 3 thin films display a reasonable photoactivity and photostablity under illumination and are thus promising candidates for photoelectrochemical applications.